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FOSSILS and STRATA 39 (1995) Lower Silurian Brachiopods from the Oslo Region 5

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FOSSILS and STRATA 39 (1995) Lower Silurian Brachiopods from the Oslo Region 5 An international monograph series of palaeontology and SI LS stratigraphy Orthacean and strophomenid brachiopods fromthe Lower Silurian gi of thecentral Oslo Re on B. Gudveig Baarli SCANDINAVIAN UNI VERSITYPRESS �I�Il Oslo � Copenhagen � Stockholm � Boston FOSSILS AND STRATA An international monograph series of palaeontology and stratigraphy Owner Lethaia Foundation, Oslo. Administrative Council: Hans Jørgen Hansen, Copenhagen, David Bruton, Oslo, Christina Franzen, Stockholm, Stefan Bengtson, Uppsala. Editor Stefan Bengtson, Dept.Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum ofNaturai History, Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; tel. +46-8 666 4220; fax +46-8 666 4184; e-mail [email protected]. Publisher Scandinavian University Press, P.O. Box 2959, Tøyen, N-0608 Oslo 6, Norway. Programme Fossils and Strata is an international series of monographs and memoirs in palaeontology and stratigraphy, published in cooperation between the Scandinavian countries.1t is issued in Numbers with individual pagination. Fossils and Strata forms part of the same structured publishing programme as the journals Lethaia and Boreas. These two journals are fully international and accept papers within their respective sectors of science without national limitations orpreferences.Fossils and Strata, however, is an outlet for more comprehensive systematic and regional monographs emanating primarily from the five countries of Norden. Contributions from other countries may also be included if this series is deemed appropriate with regard to distribution and availability. Articles can normally only be accepted if they are heavily subsidized by the national Research Council in their country of origin or by other funds.All income is re-invested in forthcoming numbers of the series. Although articles in German and French may be accepted, the use ofEnglish is stronglypreferred. An English abstract should always be provided, and non-English articles should have English versions of the figurecaptions. Abstracts or summaries in one or more additional languages may be added. Many regional or systematic descriptions and revisions contain a nucleus of resuIts which are of immediate and general interest in international palaeontology and stratigraphy. It is expected that authors of such papers will to some extent duplicate their publication in the form of an article for a journal, in the first place Lethaia or Boreas. Sales Individual numbers and standing subscriptions may be ordered from Scandinavian University Press (postal address as above; e-mail address [email protected]).Prices (subject to revision) are listed on the back side of each issue. IPA members generally have a 50% discount on older issues (ask for information fromScandinavian UniversityPress). Allprices exclude postage and handling. LETHAlA An international journal of palaeontology and stratigraphy An international journal of Quaternary research Scandinavian University Press, p.o. Box 2959, Tøyen, N-0608 Oslo 6, Norway Orthacean and strophomenid brachiopods from the Lower Silurian of the central Oslo Region B. GUDVEIG BAARLI Baarli, B.G. 1995 10 30: Orthacean and strophomenid brachiopods from theLower Silurian of the central Oslo Region. Fossils and Strata, No.39, pp. 1-93. Oslo ISSN 0300-9491. ISBN 82-00-37659-1. Brachiopods of the Superfamily Orthacea and the Order Strophomenida from the Llandovery of the Oslo-Asker District of Norway are described taxonomically. The fauna com prises 41 species belonging to 29 genera. Among these, 3 genera, 10 species and l subspecies are new. They include the genera Orthokopis, Crassitestella and Eocymostrophia,the species Orthokopis idunnae, Eridorthis vidari, ?Plectorthis sp., Skenidioides worsleyi, Skenidioides hymiri, Daetylogonia dejeeta, Eostropheo­ donta de/ieata, Mesopholidostrophia sifae, Eocymostrophia balderi, Fardenia oblectator and Eopleeto­ donta transversalis (Wahlenberg, 1818) jongensis. Parts of the brachiopod fauna occurring across the Ordovician-Si!urian boundary are unique in representing relict Ordovician taxa. They are related to relatively rare offshorefaunas preserved in uppermost Ordovician strata; they survived into the Silurian in the tectonically active, deeper-water environments found in the intracratonic basin of the Oslo Region. The rest of theLlandovery fauna shows very close ties with the faunas and fauna! structure of the Welsh Basin, suggesting minimal geographic separation between Baltica and Avalonia. Similarities at species level between the Gornyj Altaj and the Norwegian-Welsh fauna also suggest that the two areas were situated in the same climatic zone, contrary to some recent paleogeographic reconstructions. A rare fauna of the Southern Midcontinent ofLaurentia lived in similar facies as the Norwegian-Welsh fauna and show strong resemblances on a generic leve!. Except for some eurytopic species, however, many of the species are different, indicating that Silurian barriers existed between these locations. DBraehiopods, systematies, Silurian, paleogeogra­ phy, Norway. B. Gudveig Baarli, Department of Geology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA; 9th November, 1993; revised 23rd June, 1994. Contents Introduction .............................................................................................. 3 Family Do1erorthidae Opik, 1934, Subfamily Dolerorthinae Stratigraphyand sampling ........................................................................ 3 Opik, 1934 ................................................................................. lO & Localities .................................................................................................... 4 Genus Dolerorthis Schuchert Cooper, 1931 ................................... 10 Asker County ....................................................................................... 4 Dolerorthis sowerbyiana (Davidson, 1869) .................................... lO Il The city of Oslo .................................................................................... 6 Dolerorthis aff. sowerbyiana (Davidson, 1869) .............................. Measurements and statistics ..................................................................... 6 Dolerorthis aff.psygma Lamont & Gilbert, 1945 ............................ 12 Geographic relationships of the fauna ..................................................... 7 Genus Sehizonema Foerste, 1909 ........................... ............................ 13 Comparison between Llandovery faunas ............................................ 7 Schizonema subplieatum (Reed, 1917) ........................................... 13 Geographic separation of the Llandovery faunas ................................. 7 Subfamily Hesperorthinae Schuchert & Cooper, 1931 ..................... 14 The boundary fauna ............................................................................. 8 Genus Hesperorthis Schuchert & Cooper, 1931 ................................. 14 Systematic paleontology ........................................................................... 8 Hesperorthis hillistensis Rubel, 1962 .................... .......................... 15 Class Calciata Popov, Bassett, Holmer & Laurie, 1993, Subclass ?Hesperorthis gwalia (Bancroft, 1949) ............................................ 16 Articulata Huxley, 1869, Order Orthida Schuchert & Subfamily Glyptorthinae Schuchert & Cooper, 1931 ........................ 17 Cooper, 1932, Suborder Orthidina Schuchert & Cooper, 1932, Genus Eridorthis Foerste, 1909 .......................................................... 17 Superfamily Orthacea Woodward, 1852, Family Orthidae Eridorthis vidari sp. nov. ................................................................ 17 Woodward, 1852, Subfamily Orthinae, Woodward, 1852 ........ 9 Glyptorthinae sp.. ............................................................................... 18 Genus Orthokopis gen. nov . ................................................................. 9 Family Plectorthidae Schuchert & Le Vene, 1929, Subfamily Orthokopis idunnae sp. nov . ............................................................ 9 Plectorthinae Schuchert & Le Vene, 1929 ................................ 19 Genus Plectorthis Hall & Clarke, 1892 ............................................... 19 Leptaena valida Bancroft, 1949 ..................................................... 37 ?Plectorthis sp. ................................................................................ 19 Leptaena valentia Cocks, 1968 ...................................................... 38 Plectorthid indet. ........................................................................... 19 Leptaena purpurea Cocks, 1968 .................................................... 39 Subfamily Platystrophiinae Schuchert & Le Vene, 1929 ................... 20 Leptaena sp. ................................................................................... 39 Genus Platystrophia King, 1850 ......................................................... 20 Crassitestella gen. nov. ......................... ............................................... 39 Platystrophia brachynota (Hall, 1843) ............................................ 20 Crassitestella reedi (Cocks, 1968) .................................................. 39 Family Skenidiidae Kozlowski, 1929 ................................................. 21 Genus Cyphomenoidea Cocks, 1968 .................................................. 40 Genus Skenidioides Schuchert & Cooper, 1931 .................................
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