4568 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 the preliminary report of the Board of In­ By Mr. HENDRICKS-: the wide world. Return the men and vestigation and Research on the Relative H. R. 4815:. A bill for the relief of the Board· women who war for this peace from the Economy and Fitness c': the Carriers (H. Doc. of County Commissioners of Volusia County, far places of the earth so that they may No. 595); to the Committee on Interstate Fla,; to the Committee on Claims. and Foreign Commerce and· ordered to be By Mr. KILDAY.: take their places in completing the ulti­ printed. H. R. 4816. A bill for the relief of August mate purposes for which Thou · hast w. Dietz; to the Committee on Claims. created our Nation. · By Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts: ~ Wilt Thou be pleased to hear not only REPORTS OF COMMITI'EES ON PUBLIC H. R. 4817. A bill for the relief of Wilfred the prayer which is spoken but the whis­ BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS T. Plant, Sr.; to t:q.e Committee on Claims. perings of the hearts of all who call upon Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports Thy Name. For Jesus' sake. Amen. of committees were delivered to the PETITIONS, ETC. THE JOuRNAL Clerk for printing and reference . to the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions proper calendar, as follows: On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk unanimous consent, the reading of the Mr. WE'ST: Committee on Ways and Means. and referred as follows: S. 1758. An act to amend section 451 of Journal of th.e proceedings of the cal­ the Tariff Act of 1930, and for other purposes; 5691. By Mr. GOODWIN: Resolution of the endar day Monday, May 15, 1944, was with-amendment' (Rept. No. 1446). ·Referred Board of Aldermen of the City of Everett dispensed with, and the Journal was ap­ to the Committee of the Whole House on the dated April 24, 1944, and subsequently passed proved. state of the Union. by the common council on May 1 and ap­ proved by the mayor on May 5, 1944, seeking MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT the abolishment of the 15 percent Little Steel PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Messages in writing from the President formula or a modification thereof in con­ of the United States were communicated • - Under clause 3 of rule XXII, · public formity with the true increased cost of liv­ ing; to the Committee on Banking and to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his bills and resolutions were introduced secretaries. · and severally referred as follows: Currency. 5692. By Mr. HALE: Petition of the Port­ CALL OF THE ROLL By Mr. MUNDT: land Central Labor Union, Portland, Maine, H. R. 4809. A bill to provide optional re­ petitioning Congtess to enact the necessary Mr. HilL. I suggest the absence of a tirement for Government employees who have measures to establish a Nation-wide broad­ quorum. attained the age of 55 years .and rendeyed ~t cast of its proceedings; to the Committee on The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will least 25 years of service; to the Committee on Rules. . call the roll. · the Civil Service. 5693. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Hil­ By Mr. MAY: dreth S. Wright and various other citizens The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the H. R. 4810. A bill to extend the provisions of New Salisbury, Ind., petitioning consid• following Senators answered to their of the Selective Training and Service Act of eration of their resolution with reference to names; 1940, as amended, to the Virgin Islands; to the enactment of House bill 2082; to the Bailey Gerry O'Da:o.iel the Committee on Military Affairs. Committee on the Judiciary. Ball Gillette O'Mahoney By Mr. MOT!': Bankhead G~een Overton H. R. 4811. A bill to supplement the Fed­ Barkley Gurney Radcliffe Bilbo Hatch Reed eral-Aid Road Act approved July 11, 1916, as Brewster Hawkes Reynolds amended and supplemented, to authorize ap­ Bridges Hayden Robertson propriations for the post-war construction SENATE Burton Hill Russell of greatly needed highways and bridges, to Bushfield Jackson Shipstead eliminate hazards at railroad grade crossings, WEDNESDAY, MA):" 17, 1944 Butler Johnson, Colo. Stewart to insure greater safety for traffic on the Byrd Kilgore Taft (Legislative day of Tuesday, May 9, 1944> Capper La Follette Thomas, Idaho public highways by providing additional Caraway Langer Tunnell facilities in connection therewith to be The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, Chandler Lucas Tydings available for the landing and take-off of air­ Chavez McCarran Vandenberg craft, to provid ~ for the immediate prepara­ on the expiration of the recess. Clark, Mo. McClellan Wagner tion of plans and acquisition of rights-of­ The Reverend Fred V. Poag, minister. Connally McFarland Walsh, Mass. Second Presbyterian Church, Alexandria, Cordon McKellar Walsh, N.J. way, to cushion the post-war conversion to Danaher Maloney Weeks peacetime economy, and for other purposes; Va., offered th_e following prayer: Davis Mead Wheeler to the Committee on Roads. Downey Millikin Wherry By Mr. KEFAUVER: 0 God Eternal, reverently we implore Eastland Moore White H. R. 4812. A bill to amend section 403 (i) Thee to transform this period of prayer Ellender Murdock Wilson (1) (B) of the Sixth Supplemental National so that it may not be the mere sounding Ferguson Nye · Defense Appropriation Act of 1942; to the of the tongue's many syllables, but Mr. HILL. I announce that the Sen­ Committe. on Ways and Means. rather that it may become the sincere ator from Washington [Mr. BoNE] .and By Mr. SHORT: gesture of hearts which need fellowship the Senator from 'Virginia [Mr. GLASs] H. J. Res. 283. Joint resolution to extend with their Heavenly Father. May we are absent from the Senate because of ·the time limit for immunity; to the Com­ not clutter this day with so much of our mittee on the Judiciary. illness. own speaking that we fail to hear Thy The Senator from Missouri · rMr. TRu­ voice. Lift the level of the thinking of MAN] and the Senator from Washington MEMORIALS these men until it has been shorn of [Mr. WALLGREN] are absent on ofilcial Under clause 3 of rule XXII, memorials sheer prejudices and opinion and be­ business for the Special Committee to were presented and referred as follows: comes based on disciplined reason and Investigate the National Defense Pro­ By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Munic­ truth. gram. ipal Council of St. Thomas and St. John, V.I., Grant to these Thy servants, and those The Senator from Utah [Mr. THOMAS] memorializing the President and the Con­ whom they represent, a deep respect for has been appointed by the President of gress of the United States to continue the work of the War Food Administration, Office the sacred. May the goodness which the United States Q.S a delegate to at­ of Distribution, rendered to the people of the they seek be not 'alone that which can tend the International Labor Organiza­ Virgin Islands; to the Committee on Insular be touched but that also which is worthy . tion Conference in Philadelphia, and is Affairs. to be lived. Grant to them so large therefore necessarily absent. measure of integrity that they may be The Senator from Nevada [Mr. ScRUG­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS couFageous publicly because they · are HAM] and the Senatoi' from Georgia [Mr. courageous privately. May the delibera­ GEoRGE] are absent on official busfness. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private tions of this· day be carried on with The Senators from Florida [Mr. AN­ bills and resolutions were introduced vision of such high ideals and great DREWS and Mr. PEPPER], the Senator and severally referred, as follows: cause that even the human mistakes and from Idaho [Mr. CLARK], the Senator By Mr. BARDEN: frailties may not impede Thy purpose for from Oklahoma [Mr. THOMAS], the Sen­ H. R. 4813. A bill for the rJ!lief of Carl Thy people. ator from Pennsylvania [Mr. GUFFEY], Lewis; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. COLE of New York: This is our dearest petition: Give us the Senators from South Carolina [Mr. · H. R. 4814. A bill for the relief of Edgar D: peace; not simply a peace which is the SMITH and Mr. MAYBANK], and the Sen­ Sebring and Jay .Purple; to the Committee cessation of conflict but a peace which is ator from Montana [Mr. MURRAY] are on Claims. symbolic of justice and right throughout detained on public business. 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4569 'Mr. WHERRY. The Senators from H. R. 4517. An act to remove restrictions on· mous consent, the second time, and re­ Vermont [Mr. AIKEN and Mr. AUSTIN], establishing post-office branches and sta-· ferred as follows: BROOKS], tions; and . the Senator from lllindis [Mr. H. R. 4793. An act to provide for emergency By Mr. BUSH FIELD: the Senator from Delaware ,[Mr. BucK], fiood-control work made necessary by recent S. 1920. A bill to authorize and direct the the Senator from Oregon [Mr. HOLMAN], floods, and for other purposes. Secretary of the Interior to issue to Corrine the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. Wright Standing Cloud, a patent in fee to REVER COMB], and the Senator from Indi­ ENROLLED BILL SIGNED certain land; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. ana [Mr. WILLis] are necessarily absent. The message also announced that the By Mr. CHANDLER: The Senator from New Hampshire Speaker had affixed his signature oo the S. 1921. A bi.ll to provide disability retire­ [Mr. TOBEY~ is absent be<:ause of illness. enrolled bill Arkan­ H. R.4404. An act to transfer Governm·ent sas Avenue, Southeast, Manor Park, North activities in connection with domestic rab­ Bills and a joint resolution were intro­ Randle community, Friendship, North Cleve­ bits to the Department of Agriculture; duced, read the :first·time, ·and, by unani- land Park, Lincoln Park, Washir.gtonians, 4570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 Fort Davis, Cathedral Heights, Cleveland • -floods, and for other purposes; ordered-to be agreed to . September 8, 1941, and Senate Park, Northwest Council, Chevy Chase, Wash~ .placed on the calendar. · -Resoluti0n 39, ·seventy-eighth 0ongress, tngton Highlands, Forest Hills, Summit Par~ agreed to January 28, 1943 (relating to the EMERGENCY FLOOD CONTRO~ investigation of tl!e use of public lands), is It also has the endorsement of the fol­ AMENDMENT hereby increased by $10,000. lowing organizations: Mr. TAFT. submitted an amendment BAYOUS PETIT ANSE, TIGRIS, AND CARLIN, Home Builders Association of Metropolitan intended to be proposed by him to the LOUISIANA . Washington; Washington Taxpayers Associa­ ·bill Yugoslavia are not, 1t seems, reaus and for bureaucrats. America just tacked a railway station near Nish, setting fire seriously engaged. Small forces, composed cannot be America with somebody always di­ to stores of petrol and destroying 3 German chiefly of Croat Ustashis, are, it seems, chiefly recting one what to do. airplanes. On the way back to their base, used against the Partisans. There is too much power being .concen­ the bombers were att aclted by 9 Heinkels. That Tito's army is 250,000 strong cannot trated in Washington, and with such con­ One of the bombers had to make a forced be true-it would be surprising if it were centration the very thing wUl happen of · landing. Two Bulgarian detachments-each much more than one-tenth of that number. which Washington warned in his Farewell of them 200 strong-were sent to cap­ So, far from having the support of the popu­ Address, "The spirit of encroachment tends ture -:.he crew. They were engaged by 500 lation, he and his men are making themselves to consolidate the powers of all the depart­ Regulars led by Colonel Keserovitch. The detested by their atrocities, by the reign of ments in one, and thus to create, whatever the Bulgarians were driven off, leaving behind terror they impose, and by their requisition­ form of government, a real despotism. A just them 17 dead and 4 prisoners. The engage­ ings. Their arrival in any township is estimate of that love of power and proneness ment was watched by the Americans, 19 in dreaded, their departure welcomed. Tito's to abuse it which predominates in the hu­ all, who, when it was over found themselves government is bogus. It does not and can­ man heart is sUfil.cient to satisfy us o~ the among friends. On the same day another not legislate, it represents no considerable truth of this position." From this state­ American heavy bomber flying from Bari to part of the Yugoslav people, it has no au­ ment it' is easy to see that George Washing­ Sofia was damaged. The crew, 10 in number, thority of any sort, it is doubtful whether it ton realized the dangers of consolidated had to bail out and were rescued by Regulars. ever meets. power. Already the different bureaus are be­ On January 26, 27, and 28, a national con­ The Partisans are controlled by Commu­ ginning to tell us that rationing after the gress was held secretly in Yugoslavia. This nists. Tito himself is a Communist of the war will have to continue. In my opinion congress is an event vf great importance, for primitive kind-he is not without ability, but this will not be necessary, and it is just a it reinforces the authority of the legitimate is narrow, ruthless, and crafty, and the docile screen for bureaucrats to hide behind so Yugoslav Government in Cairo. The Con­ instrument of B.ussia. But Ustashis, who that they may remain in power. gress also implies repudiation by serious poli­ fear an Allied victory and the retribution To keep America American we must win ticians in Yugoslavia of General Tito's gov­ which their fearful crimes (especially the this war, and after the war ts over coop­ ernment which has no constitutional status m~ssacres of Serb peasants) may 1:1ring upon erate with the other Allied Nations to pre­ and no legitimate authority. them, are joining the Partisans in growing vent another war. As a people we must take The national congress is the first sign of numbers. · the Government back to ourselves and away organized political llfe in Yugoslavia since fi'om a few who would like to govern us. the country was occupied by Germans, The Partisans have done all in their power America must remain a free country. Italians, Hungarians, Bulgars, ·and Croats. It to discredit Mihailovitch. When they oc­ Respectfully, was attended by 273 delegates. The presi­ cupied the island of Hvar, they set up the HARRI ANNE MOORE. dent of the congress was Dr. Zhivko Topalo­ usual revolutionary tribunal. One of their vitch, who is one of the leaders of the Yugo­ OUR FOREIGN POLICY WITH REFERENCE prisoners was a certain Joshko Kvac. He was slav labor movement (he represented Yugo­ ordered, under threat of torture and death, TO YUGOSLAVIA slavia in the International Labor Office at to sign a document stating that Mihailovitch Mr. WHEELER. Mr. President, we Geneva). The vice president was Radomir is a traitor. He refused. Yankovich, a leader of the Serbian Peasant Mihailovitch has an incomparably bigger hear a great deal today about censor­ Party. Members, representing all parties, ship and freedom of speech. In a demo­ following than Tito. He has become a na­ came from Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. The tional hero, in Serbia above all. cratic republic it is essential that the Communists alone were unrepresented, but people must be informed. were invited to attend future meetings. Gen­ • This·morning, I read an article in the eral Mihailovic was present as representa­ The Partisans are probably an asset to the tive of the Yugoslav Government. Germans. They belong to those forces of Washington Post which was headlined, disintegration that exist throughout south­ "Tito Reference to Mihailovic Barred The congress drafted a program for a Yugo­ slav federation in which Serbia, Croatia, and eastern Europe and are breaking up the Story." I should like to read a portion Slovenia should have equal status, and for social structure and national unity. They of that article to you: social and· constitutional reform. The con­ are destroying pro-British sympathies and TITO REFERENCE TO MIHAILOVIC BARRED STORY gress decided to form a coalition of all parties, are helping to make the German enemy ap­ to be known as the Yugoslav Democratic pear the .only defense against anarchy and An Associated Press interview with Marshal violence, all the more so as the fearful atroc­ Josip Broz (Tito), submitted to censorship National Union. A resolution was passed, expressing loyalty to King Peter, to the Yugo­ ities for which the Germans are responsible of the Allied Mediterranean Command April are perpetrated not by the regular German ' 30, still is refused clearance largely because slav Government, and to General Mihailo­ vic, who, besides being commander in the Army but by the Gestapo and the S. s. of a paragraph in which the Yugoslav Par­ In Greece there is a simllar situation. The tisan leader refers to his rival, Gen. Draja field, is Minister of War. Greetings were sent to King Peter and his Government, to Mr. villages are terrorized by Communist bands Mihailovic. who hav.e been provided with British weap­ Edward Kennedy, Associated Press chief Churchill, President Roosevelt, Marshal Stalin, to the Polish, Greek, and Czechoslovak ons. Many peasants are seeking refuge in in the Mediterranean theater, asserted yes­ the towns. For the first time, the Greek terday that suppression of this paragraph Governments, and to General de Gaulle. The delegates traveled over a g.:eat dis­ Quisling, Rhellis, has been able to form a was "purely on political consider~tions with tance to attend the congress. That so many Quisling army, simply because such an army no question of security involved" and added is a defense against the marauding bands. that he was assured by Yugoslav Partisan of them could meet secretly and remain in session for 3 days is an achievement unique The terror has greatly increased the terrible officials that Marshal Tito shared this opin­ economic distress of the Greeks. ion. in countries occupied by the enemy. King Peter and his Government now have what In Yugoslavia, as in Greece, the general· I call that matter to the attention of they lacked hitherto-an effective political misery is deepened by perplexity and disil­ the Senate because of the fact that there organization in the country itself, an organi­ lusionment over the attitude of Great seems to be so much confusion about our zation that will help to unify all the forces Britain. The broadcasts in the Serbo-Croat of resistance under the legitimate Govern­ language transmitted by the B. B. C. have foreign policy, and because so much in­ ment and against the common foe. so disastrous an effect-they consistently formation with reference to purely polti­ THE EDITOR. favor the Partisans and consistently mis­ cal matters in Europe, rather than mat­ represent the situation-that the Germans ters which affect only the war effort, is I also ask unanimous consent to have take special care to make these ·broadcasts being withheld from the American peo­ printed in th~ RECORD at this point as a accessible to all. Broadcasts in other lan­ ple. part of my remarks portions of an article, guages are "jammed,'' but not those in In this connection, I wish to call at­ entitled "Mihailovic," published in the Serbo-Croat-the "jamming" stops when tention to an article printed in a British same magazine for April 1944. they begin and is resumed when they end There being no objection, the portions (as listeners even in London can hear for magazine called The Nineteenth Cen­ themselves). Some of these broadcasts are tury and After, to which I have hereto­ of the article referred to were ordered recorded by the Germans and are retrans­ fore referred. The article is a short to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: mitted by the German-controlled station at one. It is entitled by the editor "Yugo­ MIHAILOVIC Belgrade for the benefit of Yugoslav listen­ slavia." Events have disproved and continue to dis­ ers. Mr. Churchill's disparaging remarks It reads in part as follows: prove the picture which the daily press and about General . Mihailovic in the House of the wireless paint of the situation in Yugo­ Commons on February 22 were reproduced tn YUGOSLAVIA slavia. A study of reports appearing in the a leaflet which the Germans have disseml· The B. B. C. continues to magnify the ex­ German press show that the Germans do not nated in vast numbers by aeroplane in Ser­ ploits of the Yugoslav Partisans and to ignore regard "Marshal" Tito M a serious opponent bia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Montenegro, and those of the Regulars commanded by Gen- in the field. The armed forces at the dis- Herzegovina. 4574 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE Nevertheless, there are signs of -political · The motion was agreed to; and the Aer-onautics," on page 59, line 6, after consolidation. The authority of General Senate proceeded to consider · the bill · the word "automobiles'', to strike out Mlhallovic is greater than ever. No Yugo­ division is proposed to be made. amendment. This matter has been brought to the at­ Mr. DANAHER. I shall be happy to The PRESIDING OFFICER. An tention of the department in letter after point out to the Senator from Georgia. amendment to the amendment is in letter written not only by me but by my It commences in line 24 with the words order. colleagues and others throughout my sec­ "or engaging in activities designed to in­ Mr. DANAHER. The amendment tion of the country, and by Representa­ fluence the action of Congress," and so which I now otier will read, commencing tives and Senators from ditierent States forth. It will be my purpose first to in line 11: of the Union. move that the Senate concur in the com­ Provided further, That no part of the funds Mr. VANDENBERG. Mr. President, mittee's recommendation in that par­ appropriated or made available to the Agri­ will the Senator yield? ticular, once we vote that the question cultural Adjustment Agency or to any other Mr. WHERRY. I yield. be divided. I move that the amendment bureau or agency of the Department of Mr. VANDENBERG. I want to sup­ be divided. Agricui ture shali be used ·to pay the salary plement what the Senator has said by The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen­ of any full-time employee unless such em­ endorsing every word of it, and add,ing ploye shall certify that ~e has not engaged ator has that right, and the amendment in any political activity including but not that I am among those who have pre­ will be divided. limited to making or soliciting contributions sented repeated evidences of this sort.of Mr. DANAHER. I now move that the to campaign funds of political parties or to political outrage at Government expense. Senate concur in the committee amend­ ally organization, association, corporation, or Mr. WHERRY. I want to thank the ment commencing in line 24 with the individual for the purpose of aiding or influ­ senior Senator from Michigan for his words "or engaged in activities designed encing the election or defeat of any candi­ statement because it corroborates exactly to influence the action of Congress", date for political omce; distribution of, or what I am saying. solicitation of subscriptions to, or contribu­ down to and including line 10, on page 67. tions for, the distribution of publications and Mr. President, I do not like to use a Mr. RUSSELL. I think we can reach other literature designed to influence or aid letter which came to me, because I have the objective- the Senator has in mind by in the election or defeat ·of any candidate for no taste for going info personal equa­ proceeding in an orderly manner. The public office. ,. tions when it comes to l_)Olitics. I never 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4581 have done so, and for that reason I -dis­ The writer goes on respecting her per­ 1944, held at the W.atkins school house, Gar­ like to mention any names now; but after sonal health. The letter is signed "Sin­ field precinct, Frontier County, we were ad­ vised by the A. A. A. that unless we signed up I had repeatedl-y called this matter to the cerely yours, Claude H. Gunn." :(or the A. A. A. farm program, we would not attention of the Secretary of Agriculture, Claude H. Gunn, Mr. President, as I be allowed any gasoline or fuel oil for our after officials simply rode the circuit in am advised, is the district farm debt ad­ farming operations. Nebraska within the past 12 months tell­ justment specialist of the Farm Security I never have approved of this farm pro­ ing the triple ,A men and those who be­ Administration at Lincoln, Nebr. \Ve are gram, a.nd do not now, but I did sign this year long to the program, to go out and say paying that man a salary to write on for the reason that I could not farm my 800 that Senator WHERRY did not support the Department of Agriculture stationery acres, there being about 400 acres under culti­ program, and that they should use their suggestions as to how to go out and raise vation, unless I did sign up so as to have the necessary fuel. I am sorry that I signed up, influence to see that I did, and bring all money for political campaigns, and yet allowed myself to be forced to do so, I feel the pressw:e they could to bear upon me, the statement is made on the :floor of the that one should not be forced to do so and I we now finG that that was not enough. Senate that such things will be taken would sure appreciate your advising me real Here is a letter that was found after I had care of. soon if one can be forced to sign up and if made the request that the Hatch Act be Mr. President, I cannot guarantee the this is the only manner in which I can ob­ complied with and enforced. This letter authenticity of what is on the yellow tain the necessary fuel to farm. was found-or it came to my hands, I If it is not necessary for me to sign so as sheet which I hold ih my nand, but this to farm, I would like very much to have the will put it that way. The letter purports yellow sheet accompanied the letter which papers I signed returned and have nothing to be addressed to James C. Quigley, the came to my office, and it is stated that a whatever to do with the program. Thanking Democratic National Committeeman for copy of the letter was sent to the Secre­ you, I am, Nebraska. It apparently was written to tary of Agriculture and a copy was sent Your very truly, him under date of December 17, 1943, to Attorney General Biddle pointing out C. A. COTTON. and I shall read the letter into the REC­ this gross violation of the Hatch Act, I wish to say to you, Mr. President and ORD at this point so that Senators will and yet nothing has been done about the Members of the Senate, that if the Hatch understand why I am so anxious to see matter, and nothing apparently is being Act were enforced as the distinguished that the amendment is adopted. The done about it. Senator from Georgia has said it should letter is written on stationery of the I wish to give the Senate some further be-l would agree with him. I have a · United States Department of Agriculture, information. I have in my hand an af­ profound respect for the judgment of the Farm Security Administration, and is fidavit signed by several farmers ·of Polk Senator from Georgia, and I agree with dated Lincoln, Nebr., December 17, 1943, County, Nebr. i wish to read the affidavit him that if the Hatch Act were enforced and is as follows: into the RECORD at this pofnt: there would be no difficulty. DEAR FRIEND JIM: After talking to you We, the undersigned farmers of Polk Coun­ But I wish further to say that from my yesterday, I called Jim Lawrence concerning ty, Nebr., do hereby state that a member of State I have received a great many letters a blast at Butler as per his suggestion. the county agriculture· committee has told relating to the matter. I do not wish to He apparently is becoming anxious to start us, each individually, that before we could clutter up the REcORD, but I can submit something in a political way. He feels that get our tractor fuel for the year for farm operation we would have to sign up for the letter after letter similar to the one writ­ so many things have been done wrongly by farm program. ten by the triple-A man whose letter I Butler, Mil,ler, Buffet, and qthers, including have read, stating that the farmers had Griswold- • We further sta.ie that we have signed this statement in the presence of David c. De­ to do thus and so, or else. That is using He left me out of the picture, and I am Turk and with the understanding that it be an office for political purposes, and there at least grateful for that, but note-no sent to members of the Nebraska delegation is no question about it. reasons given, just blast- in Congress. I had hoped the Senator from G€orgia DAVID· C. DETURK. at least would think about this matter a. that we have sufficient ammunition to PAUL ROSENBERRY. little further. To insure the success of awaken the people of the State to the re­ • ARTHUR LONGHAMMER. the farm program and the success of the actionary policies of the G. 0. P. at this W. E. BAHR. time. He is going to outline a program in MARCH 2'(', 1944. triple A I think it is necessary to have the rough for a series of broadcasts to be strict ·adherence to the policy of prohibit­ spotted between now and May which he feels Immediately upon receipt of this peti­ ing such activities as are complained of. is necessary. I mentioned the money angle, tion I took the matter up with the De­ I received a letter from Secretary and told him that the idea was good, if we partment of Agriculture. I had taken Wickard. He said he would take up the could find the money to carry it on. the matter up before that time as well. . matter and would see that those who had In line with his thinking, I feel that pos­ I wish to submit other letters for the done the things complained of would not sibly some pep could be built up by a couple RECORD. One is dated April 1, 1944, and continue to do them. But they are con­ of good _lambasts at BUTLER right now. Our states that the policy referred to is still tinuing to_do them. This letter shows people are quick to react favorably after they being pursued. The letter, which comes how far they are goin~:; in their efforts to see someone start some action, but are slow from Cambridge, Nebf., and which is ad­ use the triple A organization as a politi­ to reach into their pockets before they hear cal organization for the New Deal in the or see something that looks like it might do dressed ~o me by C. A. Cotton, is as fol-· lows: State of Nebraska. ·some good. There is no question of shortage Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will of funds in the pockets of most people right CAMBRIDGE, NEBR., April 1, 1944. now. That is self-evident in the amount of Hon. KENNETH S. WHERRY, the Senator yield. fur coats, jewelry, and everything that is Washington, D. C. Mr. WHERRY. I yield. available that is being purchased by all DEAR SENATOR WHERRY: In reply to your re­ Mr. DANAHER. Does not the Senator people. It isn't true so much of white-collar quest as to record, in the .A. A. A. matter,·you apprehend that the amendment I have workers, but the farmer, merchant, and war­ certainly are at liberty to make use of same offered will go right to the heart of the plant worker have more cash than they know In any way you see fit. situation? As it is drawn, the indi­ what to do with. It might be well to figure The three members of the committee were vidual employee.simply will certify, over out some way to get s<1me of this surplus Earl Williams, acting chairman, and Clifford Crampton, and Oscar Joseph. his signature-just as the 44,000,000 per­ into the treasury of the party for political sons who file tax returns do-under purposes this spring and fall. It is worth If I can a·ssist in any other way to stop the dictating of this A. A. A. outfit which I have penalty of perjury, that he has not en­ thinking about anyway. no use for, let me know. gaged in political activity. Your friend McBride has made some per­ Thanking you, I . am, No special formality would · be re­ tinent remarks about an offensive campaign. Very respectfully, quired. The statement could be put on Win or lose, it is easier to be on the offensive C. A. COTTON. than to defend, either in business or pol­ the back of the check at the point where itics. If you and others feel that the. errors He refers to a previous letter dated the endorsement is required. The only of ·BUTLER and others have reached a high March 14, 1944, from Cambridge, Nebr., requirement would be that the state­ enough point to start after them, Jim Law­ addressed to me, as follows: ment be made; that is all. But in the rence may be right in getting started right CAMBRIDGE, NEBR., March 14, 1944. event there is a violation we have the away while the press is still carrying the Hon. KENNETH ·s. WHERRY, - Hatch Act, as the Senator from Georgia news as front-page items. United States Senator. has pointed out. The certification can ·r am certainly happy to learn that Mrs. DEAR SENATOR WHERRY: At a recent A. A. A. be put on the back of the check with Quigley is gaining. precinct meeting on or a.bout February 16, the endorsement of the individual payee, 4582 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE MAY l7 Mr. WHERRY. I am speaking in sup­ Mr. RUSSELL.- · Mr. President, if the Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will the port of the amendment offered by the Senator will yield; I think in justice to Senator yield? Senator from Connecticut. · When I had Mr. O'Neal it should be said that he Mr. WHERRY. I yield. reference to the amendment offered in stated that Secretary Wickard "fired this Mr. BARKLEY. The question of the House committee, I was giving its fellow who was in charge of the A. A. A.'' lobbying cannot be left out of considera­ history, hoping that the Senate com­ So the man did lose his job. The Sen­ tion by the Senate, because the Senate mittee would accept it. ator from South Dakota read down to committee amendment strikes it out. When the Senator from Georgia makes that point. The Senator is offering a substitute for his final remarks, I shall ask him to Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, let me it. That still leaves the question of answer this question: What difference point out that what the Senator from lobbying before the Senate, for consider­ would it make if the amendment of the South Dakota has read pertains to lob­ ation. Senator from Connecticut were adopted? bying activity, not to the amendment I Mr. WHERRY. Mr. Preside_nt, I ap­ It might be said that it is unnecessary, have offered. preciate the remarks of the Senator from but it certainly would do no harm. If Mr. BUSHFIELD. That is correct. Kentucky, but the amendment in itself it would help the triple A to say to them Mr. WHERRY. I yield now . to the has been divided, and lobbying will be that they must adhere to th~ policy that Senator fro111 Missouri. taken up in the next section of the the Secretary says .he has already out­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ amendment. I had hoped there would lined, the amendment would be just that dent, I should like to ask the Senator be no controversy about this amendment. much of .an advantage. I cannot see from Nebraska a question. He has. al­ I cannot understand whJ the Senate of anything wrong with the amendment ready admitted that the activities about the United States should object to writ­ offered by the Senator from Connecticut. which he has talked are prohibited by ing in the bill the amendment offered by or any reason why . it should not be the Hatch Act. I am opposed to mur­ the Senator from Connecticut. adopted. I have pointed out construc­ der. It is forbidden by the laws of my I should like to have had the original tively what I think is required. State. I do not think it is necessary to amendment which came from the House. I do not want to take too much issue. adopt a Senate resolution to declare I cannot see any objection to it. This If the Hatch Act were being enforced, against murder. activity is not being reached by the Hatch there would be no need for the amend­ Mr. WHERRY. I will say to the Sen­ Act. Certainly, I haV.e given the Senate ment in this particular case. But I ator from Missouri that I answered that ample evidence of the actual situation. wished to call the attention of the Sena­ question when he was not on · the floor I see the junior Senator from Kansas tor from Georgia to the fact that some­ of the Senate. If we can insert at this [Mr. REED] on his feet. I do not know thing must be done. The situation is point ih the bill the amendment of the how he feels about this matter. But I not being handled under the Hatch Act. Senator from Connecticut, so that all the have received a letter about the situa­ It is not being handled by the Secretary Triple A men will have to certify that tion in Kansas, and I s_hall read one para­ of Agriculture. Some of the triple A they have not engaged in political graph from it. It is dated March 20, men are going throughout my State, activity, I think it will put teeth in the 1944: using that organization as a political law which will prevent this kind of po­ This evening' over WIBW, Topeka, K-ans., organization. The letters I have read litical activity in Nebraska, which no radio the announcer, or, rather, newscaster, are merely samples. I have many other doubt is also taking place in the State stated that Governor Schoeppel, ot Kansas, letters which show how far they have of the Senator from Missouri. Every is receiving pomplaints from far~er:;; in coun­ ties that ~hey, when going to. the A. A. A., gone in the attempt to work in a political United States attorney appointed by the are told they have to sign and take out land way for what I call the New Deal organ­ President would help enforce this pro­ from production or else no gasoline for farm- iZation in the State of Nebraska. vision. ing. · · Mr. BUSHFIELD. Mr. President-­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Let me ask Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ the Senator from Nebraska why he does That word conies from Kansas. The dent, will the Senator yield? not come forward with another amend­ man who made the statement on the Mr. WHERRY. I yield first to the ment covering every other activity · in radio does not live in Nebraska. But. if Senator from South .Dakota, and then violation of the Hatch Act? Senators wish to have more evidence along that line, I can present hundreds I will yield to the Senator from Missouri. , Mr. WHERRY. That would be all Mr. BUSHFIELD. Mr. President, sup­ right with me. of letters showing that certain Triple A plemental to what has been said in the officials are riding the circuit, using their Mr. CLARK of Missouri. We all know office for political purposes. I think debate, I wish to call attention to the that the postal employees lobby here con­ hearings on this bili before the commit­ that is a violation of the Hatch Act. I stantly-the postmasters, the postal car­ think it is not being handled under the tee. On page 257, I find the following riers, and everyone else. Why does the language: Hatch Act. Senator from Nebraska undertake-- I have taken it up with the Depart­ Senator RussELL. Mr. O'Neal, there is one Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, the other question I want to ask you. ment of Agriculture, and I think the Do yoti know what brought forth this Senator from Misso~ri is talking about only result we _have had is what the amendment here? I notice you endorse it 'lobbying. That comes in the next Senator from Georgia mentioned. One in your report--to put the Hatch Act on amendment. Lobbying is not covered in or two men were discharged; but the lobbying activities in here. I was just curi­ the _amendment which we are dis­ practice is still being continued. Per­ ous to know what occasioned that amend- cussing. We are talking about the first haps the time has arrived when we ment. · amendment, and it is now under con­ should say, when we enact a law, what Mr. O'NEAL. 1 will tell you what it was. sideration. I think it was last year, the A. A. A. com­ is in the act, and then, as the Senator mitteemen got very active out in the mid­ Mr. BARKLEY. The word "lobbying" from Ohio [Mr. TAFT]· has suggested, western area particularly, and I know they appears in the amendment. · add a postscript and tell the people of wrote to Congressmen ang threatened Con­ Mr. WHERRY·. It is not in the amend­ the world that that is what we mean. gressmen, and they got really politically very ment offered by the Senator from Con­ I mean that the A. A. A. should not en­ active. There is certainly plenty of proof necticut. gage in political activities at the expense of that. The House Members themselves · Mr. CLARK of Missouri. The same of the Government, riding up and down showed me more than I realized, and our principle is involved. leaders would tell me. Nebraska and forcing its will on the In Michigan, Illinois, Minnesota, Iowa, un­ Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President-­ people. der the auspices of the A. A. A., they would Mr. WHERRY. I yield to the Senator Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ have these big mass meetings and call in from Connecttcut. dent, will the Senator yield? necessary A. A. A. representatives. So what Mr. DANAHER. The pending question Mr. WHERRY. I yield. they were trying to do with this amendment ii on agreeing to my amendment. My Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Let me say is really put the Hatch Act into effect. amendment has entirely eliminated the to the Senator that charges such as he It looked like the Hatch Act was not very effective against lobbying. words ''or lobbying." They are not in has been making are very easy to make. the amendment. There is no question Similar cl;larges have been made in my Mr. WHERRY. I thank the Senator. about lobbying, so far as my amendment own State with regard to the 0. P. A., · I now yield to the senior Senator from is concerned. It refers only to political which was set up under the sponsorship Missouri. activity, of a Republican Governor·. In my own 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4583 county, St. Louis County, where I have troller and the financial agents of the partment because, forsooth, three or four lived for 20 years, it is freely charged Government administering this pro­ employees may have violated the Hatch that the local rationing board, set up vision under the language as it came Act, any more than it would be fair to under the responsibility of Governor over from the House. That would be ut­ indict all the residents in a certain Donnell, will not give anyone any addi­ terly impossible. An employee could not apartment house because someone in tional gasoline unless he can show his receive his pay until every possible ques­ that house might be guilty of murder. Republican connections. I believe that tion or finding of fact had been resolved, Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will the proper way to handle that matter is which would be an impossible situation. the Senator yield? · to make a complaint to the responsible Mr. President, I agree with the Senator Mr. REED. I yield. agency, Which I have done. I do not from Connecticut that the committee Mr. DANAHER. As the Senator from believe the Senator is justified in under­ amendment ought to J:.e divided into two Georgia stated in answer to my earlier taking to make a blanket indictment of parts, which has been done. Obviously question, he has no evidence of any of the Democratic Party by something the part of the amendment beginning in these persons being prosecuted at any which he cannot prove. line 24 relates to another subject, which time under the Hatch Act, in which he Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I have will doubtless be dealt with when we voices such pride. presented the evidence to prove what I reach it. Mr. REED. Mr. President, I believe have said. The Senator has no evidence. Upon the question immediately before that in the main the Hatch Act covers He is merely making a bald statement. the Senate, I appeal to my good friend all the thi-ngs complained of. I also Mr. CLARK of Missouri. The Sena­ the Senator from Georgia. This is a so­ believe that the Hatch Act has J·een ob­ tor presented three or four letters from lution that we can and should accept, served more in the breach than in the partisan Republicans. That is all he and I hope he will agree. I share his enforcement. If a simple certification has done. That is all he can do. feelings that it is a little embarrassing by the ·employees that they have not Mr. WHERRY. I presented a letter at times to single out any agency and ap­ engaged in any political activities-and from the director of the A. A. A. organi­ ply this test. The other side of the ques­ such certification would require no par­ zation in the State of Nebraska, written tion is that in my section of the country ticular efiort on the part of anyone­ to the Democratic national committee­ the A. A. A. has been very active. I have would meet the objection of the Senator man, Mr. James Quigley, of Valentine, no doubt that in Nebraska it· has com­ from Connecticut, as well as the one Nebr. If that is not evidence, I do not mitted all the sins the Senator from Ne­ which I made in the committee that it know what it should be called. I also braska says it has committed. The Sen­ would be impossible to administer this presented a letter from C. A. Cotton, of -ator from Missouri will remember that law as it was written, I think a very fair Cambridge, Nebr., and, in addition, an 4 years ago some question arose with re­ solution of the problem would be reached. affidavit signed by four men from in and gard to the activities of the A. A. A. in It would meet the rather widespread and around Osceola, Nebr. Similar facts Missouri and Iowa. I happened to be undesirable criticism which has attached were also reported over a Kansas radio on the so-called Gillette committee that to some of the activities which have station. How much more evidence is year, dealing · with campaign expendi­ been referred to. The criticism has been needed to satisfy even a reluctant mind? tures. made to my deep regret, because I wish Mr. REED. Mr. President- No one has a greater concern that I the best of success to the persons who Mr. WHERRY. I yield to the Sena­ over the agricultural activities being car­ have to administer the important duties tor from Kansas. ried out; but I wish to see them carried which come to them. Mr. REED. I thank the Senator out fairly, freely, without bias, and with­ So, Mr. President, I shall conclude with from NP.braska. I' wish to obtain the out partisanship. Therefore, Mr. Presi­ the statement that I find no objection to floor in my own right. dent, I urge upon my friend the Senator the amendment which has been ofiered Mr. WHERRY. I yield the floor to from Georgia, in charge of the bill, that by the Senator from Connecticut. I the Senator from Kansas. ·he, on behalf of the committee, agree to think it is a solution of the difficulty. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. The . the amendment ofiered by the Senator meets the objection which has been Senator cannot yield t:'1e floor to an­ from Connecticut. raised, and I hope the amendment will be other Senator. Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, I must adopted. · Mr. WHERRY. I beg the Chair's say to my friend from Kansas that I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The pardon. I yield the floor. would have no right to agree to . any question is on agreeing to the amend­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The change in what the committee has done ment offered by the Senator from Con­ Senator from Kansas [Mr. REED] is rec­ even if I were disposed to do so. necticut as a substitute for the first ognized. Let me say further that I cannot sup­ branch of the committee amendment on Mr. REED. Mr. President, I think port this amendment because I think it page 66, line 11. this is a question that could be very would indict all the employees of the De­ Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, I ask readily resolved. There is no great dif­ partment of Agriculture for what may for the yeas and nays on this question. ference between the Senator from Geor­ have been done by a very few employees. The yeas and nays were ordered. gia [Mr. RussELL], the Senator from I wo-..:ld not favor such a provision. I do Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ Connecticut [Mr. DANAHER], the Sena­ not believe in singling out any one de­ dent, I have consulted v·ith the Senator tor from Nebraska [Mr. WHERRY], the partment in this manr.er because two or from Georgia [Mr. RusSELL] who is in Senator from South Dakota [Mr. BusH­ three of its employees may have been charge of the pending bill, and I have FIELD], the Senator from Missouri [Mr. - guilty of some abuses, and indicting the obtained his consent to bring up another CLARK], and myself. whole department by putting such a lim­ matter provided unanimous consent of Let me say to the Senator from Con­ itation upon it. I could not vote for it. the Senate can be obtained. I refer to necticut and the Senator from Nebraska I voted for the Hatch Act. I am proud House bi114793, which has been messaged that, as a member of the subcommittee of the fact that the Hatch Act origi­ to the Senate from the House of Repre­ of the Committee on Appropriations nated with a Democratic Senator, and sentatives. It provides for emergency dealing with this subject, we discussed was passed during a Democratic admin­ flood-control work made necessary by the question at some length in the sub­ istration, to tie the hands of Democratic recent floods, and for other purposes, committee. employees in political activities. I say Mr. ·president, the other day I intro­ As the Senator from Georgia has said, that as one who has tried his best to duced an identical bill which was report­ there was no evidence of any conse­ keep this bill free from any partisan ed from the Committee on Commerce quence before us of any violations. We discussion ever since I have been in and is now on the calendar. The occa­ had newspaper reports, and whatever is charge of it. I very much regret any sion for such a bill, Mr. President, is the of common knowledge, but there was no discussion which has the tinge of par­ fact that an extraordinary flood has oc­ evidence before the subcommittee. tisanship in connection with the agri­ curred in the Mississippi Valley, in the As the Sen a tor from Georgia may re­ cultural appropriation bill, because I Illinois Valley, and in certain other val­ call, in the subcommittee we first dis­ have never considered that it should be leys in the Midwest. The floods have cussed the proposal submitted by the a political or partisan bill. I do not broken some very essential levees, and Senator from Connecticut. We recog­ think it is fair to the Department of unless those levees can be repaired before nized the impossibilit~' of the Camp- ~griculture to single out that one De- the occurrence of the usual floods which 4-584 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 take place in the latter part of June or Mr. REED. Mr. President, will the purposes. I should like to have my friend the first of July, millions of acres of the Senator yield? read the speech of Fourth Assistant Post­ most productive farm lands in the United Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. master General Philp on the responsi­ States will be rendered unproductive Mr. REED. Mr. President, I wish to bility of Republican postmasters to get this year. say that I have served with the Senator out and get busy-it being in violation Representatives of the Corps of Engi­ upon the subcommittee of which he is of the civil-service laws--or be discharged neers have advised the Flood Control chairman. I wish to confirm and em­ from their places. Committee of the House of Representa­ phasize everything the Senator has said. Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will tives, as well as the Commerce Commit­ I am a Republican, and he is a Democrat. the Senator yield? tee of the Senate; that there will be a I never heard a partisan note from him, Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. race against time as . to whether the and I never observed a single partisan Mr. DANAHER. Allow me to point levees can be repaired in time to prevent act on his part. out to my distinguished friend from Mis­ the destruction of all the land which will Mr. RUSSELL. I thank the Senator souri that the amendment which came be planted in the meantjme before the for his testimony. ever to us from the House was adopted ordinary floods take place in June and I wish to say, Mr. President, that I do by the whole House in which a majority July. Therefore I feel justified, with the not believe that it can be said that this of the administration party is in control; permission of the Senator from Georgia, amendment is entirely without political that the House amendment not only for­ in asking unanimous consent that the significance. I wish to invite the atten­ bade all A. A. A. activity to a far greater pending bill be temporarily laid aside and tion of .Senators to the language of the degree than my proposed amendment, that the Senate proceed to the consider­ amendment. In the first place, it at!ects but the amendment even barred all lob­ ation of House bill 4793. only the full-time employees of the De­ bying activity by the same persons. So, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there partment of Agriculture. We all know if the Senator from Missouri finds any objection to the request of the Senator that the committeemen to whom refer­ comfort in his statement, very well. from Missouri? ence has been made, who are riding up Mr. RUSSELL. I do not know that Mr. WHITE. Mr. President, will the and down the roads, as it has been stated the Senator from Connecticut is any less Senator yield? here, are elected by farmers within the zealous in promoting political legislation Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I yield. several counties. Therefore, in a Re­ than same Member of the other body. Mr. WHITE. Reserving the right to publican county where there was a However, even he admits that the amend­ object, is the Senator from Missouri ask­ Republican committeeman, the commit­ ment which was adopted by the other ing for the consideration of Senate bill teeman could proceed in any way he House was unconstitutional, and he is 1887? wished and he would not be at!ected by now attempting to keep as much of it Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I am asking the pending amendment, because the which may prove to be constitutional as unanimous consent that the Senate pro­ amendment purports to deal only with he can. ceed to the consideration of House bill the full-time employees of the Depart­ Mr. President, I want to say that we 4793, which is an identical bill. ment of Agriculture. hear about all this activity in politics Mr. WHITE. Mr. President, with re­ Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will from our friends on the other side of the gret I must object at this time. I do so the Senator yield? aisle only in years when they are out of because a Senator on this side of the Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. power. I do not recall that the Republi­ Chamber wishes to ot!er an amendment Mr. DANAHER. Would such a man can Senators ever endeavored to secure to the bill. I know nothing as to his as the one to whom the Senator has re­ the adoption of an amendment or the ultimate attitude. ferred come within the Hatch Act? passage of a bill that would prevent po­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Does the Mr. RUSSELL. I cannot answer the litical activity on the part of any em­ Senator object to disclosing the identity Senator's question. I do not remember ployees of the Federal Government so of the Senator to whom he refers? It the Hatch Act clearly enough to give an · long as they were in the majority, and might be that we could work the matter answer. However, the Hatch Act has had charge of the Government and the out. been abandoned by the Senator from power of appointment. Whatever may Mr. WHITE. The Senator from Ohio Connecticut. Why should he refer to be the defects of the Hatch Act, if this [Mr. TAFT] has said to me that he was the Hatch Act when he has walked ot! . matter is to be discussed on a partisan obliged to be absent from the floor for a and left it? He says it is not effective, basis, as a party man I must observe that while, and I therefore make the objec­ and therefore, by proposing restrictions, the D'emocratic Party is entitled to credit tion at his suggestion. the like of which has never been seri­ for passing an act which attempted to Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I may say to ously proposed before, he seeks to apply deal with political activities of Federal the Senator from Maine that if what he them only to the employees nf the De­ employees at a tim~ when that party was states is the situation I do not believe partment of Agriculture. in power and had control of the appoint­ there is any chance of us being able to Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will ment of the employees. So much cannot agree. the Senator yield? be said for our friends on the other side Mr. WHITE. As I have said, I know Mr. RUSSELL. Yes. of the aisle. nothing of the ultimate attitude of the Mr. DANAHER. The Senator's ex­ Now, let us look at this amendment for Senator from Ohio, but at his request I treme statement indicates the weight to a moment. In the first place, it goes far object to the present consideration of the which his argument is entitled. beyond the Hatch Act. Under the amend­ bill. Mr. RUSSELL. The Senator may ment if an employee of the Department The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec­ draw any conclusion he chooses. of Agriculture who is a personal friend tion is heard. Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ of a Member of Congress or a member of The question is on agreeing to the dent, will the Senator yield? the State general assembly or of the amendment of the Senator from Con­ Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. county clerk should contribute volun­ necticut as a substitute for the first Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I can re­ tarily, without solicitation so much as 5 branch of the committee amendment on member back to the Hoover adminis­ cents to a campaign fund he would be page 66, line 11. tration when the Fourth Assistant Post­ immediately and summarily discharged Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, as I master General, Mr. Philp, came to Mis­ from his position. I submit that the . observed a few moments ago, I regret souri and made a speech to the post­ Congress of the United States is going too that anything of a partisan nature has masters of Missouri in which he in­ far wh~n it undertakes to say to an indi­ arisen in connection with the agricul­ formed them that if they did not get vidual in this country "You cannot hold tural appropriation bill. So far at least busy and carry the State for the Re­ public office if you contribute as much as as the committee is concerned, which has publicans they would all be dismissed. a dime to a political party or to an indi­ dealt with this bill in the Senate, never It seems to me that it comes with bad vidual, regardless of the office fo-r which in the 10 years I have handled these mat­ grace from my dear friend, the Senator he may be a candidate." ters has a single question ever been de­ from Connecticut, to undertake to make Mr . . DANAHER. Mr. President, will termined by the committee on anything it appear that the Democrats are using the Senator yield? even approaching a partisan basis. such things as the A. A. A. for political Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4585 Mr. DANAHER. Let me point out to Mr. WHERRY. There were rather the Government of the United States and the Senator that if the individual em­ extensive hearings held in the House on by all the people of the United States. ployee in fact can be spared from the this measure, were there not? Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will necessity of making such political con­ Mr. RUSSELL. I have not been able the Senator yield? tributions he will surely thank us. to find them. Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. Mr. RUSSELL. There is nothing in Mr. WHERRY. I was asking the Sen­ Mr. BARKLEY. Some of the in­ the Hatch Act-and that matter was ator a question. stances referred' to by the Senator from discussed when the Hatch Act was here­ Mr. RUSSELL. No; there were not. Nebraska involved county committees, as which prohibits a man from contributing It was only referred to by the president I understand. They would not come voluntarily to a person in a political cam­ of the Farm Bureau Federation. either under the language of the House paign. That is not a criminal activity Mr. WHERRY. Does the Senator feel bill or the language of the amendment of and there is no penal provision in the that the action of a triple A county of­ the Senator from Connecticut. They law affecting it. ficial demanding that farmers join the are not full-time employees of the Gov­ The Congress is going a long way when triple A program in order that they may ernment and the Department of Agricul­ it undertakes to segregate a particular get fuel oil is a violation of the law? ture at all; they are members of the employee from all his fellows and say if Mr. 3-USSELL. I should like to have county committees. So any county he even contributes to the campaign for the Senator explain what he means by committeeman, under any proposal that member of the council in the city where joining a triple A program. I do not is now pending, could indulge in the very he lives, when the candidate may be a understand it, and I should like to have practices to which he referred and we personal friend or even a near relative the Senator explain to me what he means could not do anything about it, because that he shall forfeit or be discharged by a farmer joining the program. they are not included in the full-time from his position. Mr. WHERRY. Does not the Senator employees of the Department of Agri­ The activities which have been ad­ know what a triple A program is? culture. verted to here on the floor occurred some Mr. RUSSELL. Yes; but there is no Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will time ago, as I understand; I do not know such thing now as joining a triple A pro- the Senator yield to me to ask the Sen­ how recent any of them were. I know gram. · ator from Kentucky a question? that Senators did not bring any of the Mr. WHERRY. For the last 2 or 3 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the evidence before the subcommittee. · The years they have been endeavoring to Senator from Qeorgia yield? only witness before the subcommittee have the farmers join, especially when Mr. RUSSELL. Tbe Senator from who mentioned this provision was Mr. they had limited acreage, even if they Wisconsin, I think, was on his feet first O'Neal, the president of the Farm Bureau did not like the program. Whether I and I yield to him, and then I shall yield Federation. Mr. O'Neal stated that the am a Republican or a Democrat is beside to the Senator from Nebraska. man that he was principally concerned the question; this is not a political mat­ Mr. LA FOLLETI'E. Mr. President, I about who had been active in politics in ter. What I want to see is that a farmer, do not have a copy of the amendment of the West had been discharged from his regardless of his party, may farm his the Senator from Cvnnecticut; I under­ position. farm the way he wants to farm it, and stand copies are. not available; but as I A number of witnesses appeared in not have his activities directed from heard the amendment read and as I un­ opposition to this measure and employees Washington. That is the program that derstand its terms, even if triple A com­ of the Department of Agriculture and the I am opposing; and I say that neither mitteemen were full-time employees, the employees' organizations of the Depart­ a triple A chairman nor the Director in activities about which the Senator from ment of Agriculture, which I believe are Washington has the right to make a Nabraska has complained would not be not conducted on a strictly partisan basis, farmer of Nebraska subscribe to such covered by the '1mendment. It has came before the committee and pro­ a regimented policy. nothing to do with the prevention of any tested as they had a right to protest, Mr. RUSSELL . . The Senator from Ne­ alleged coercion to induce other farm­ against being singled out, put in a spe­ braska can kick a dead horse around ers to join any kind of a program. cial category of Federal employees, and with more sound and fury than any man Mr. RUSSELL. Not the pending condemned without a hearing, without I have ever known. There has been no amendment, but there is a subsequent evidence having been submitted to the compulsory program in Nebraska for 2 amendment. proper committees of the Congress on years. Yet the Senator talks of forcing Mr. LA FOLLETTE. But it is not in which to predicate a verdict of condem­ farmers to join a triple A program. the pending amendment. nation. They are entitled to be treated Mr. WHERRY. I want to say that on Mr. RUSSELL. No; not at all. It as are all other Federal employees. We Ja!mary 1, :942, there was provided a would not be effected by this provision. ought not to stigmatize the great mass of penalty on wheat farmers if they did not Mr. LA FOLLETTE. That is my un­ employees of the Department of Agricul­ enter into the incentive program under derstanding. ture because, perhaps, in ~ebraska or the triple A. I _say to the Senator that Mr. RUSSELL. I think this amend­ some other State some one of them has is one case where compulsion was tried. ment ought to be voted down and be violated the Hatch Act. Am I right or not? dealt with in a normal legislative way. If the Hatch Act needs to be strength­ Mr. RUSSELL. I just observed that I appeal to Senators to adopt that pro­ ened it should be done by statute. If the Senator from Nebraska was kicking cedure. we are going to change the law to pro­ a dead horse, for the program has not Mr. BARKLEY. I suggest the absence hibit a man from even contributing to a been in effect for more than 2 years, and of a quorum. campaign in a county or a township, it when it was in effect it was approved by The PRESIDiNG OFFICER. The­ ought to be done by amending the stat­ three-fourths of the farmers producing clerk will call the roll. ute, and not in such a fashion as this, the particular. commodity, otherwise it The legislative clerk called the roll, when no evidence has been produced, would never have gone into effect. The and the following Senators answered to other than letters which have been read program, I repeat, has not been in effect their names: on the floor by Senators, to sustain a for 2 years and, therefore, I say the Bailey Danaher McClellan wholesale indictment of the employees of statements in the amendment are en­ Ball Eastland McFarland the Department of Agriculture. I think tirely beside the question. The question Bankhead Ellender McKellar Barkley Ferguson Maloney it is infringing on the rights and liberties boiled down is, whether the Senate of Bilbo Gerry Millikin of the individual American citizen, the United States wants to single one Brewster Gillette Moore whether employees or not, when it is pro­ agency of the Government and indict all Bridges Green Murdock Burton Gurney Nye posed to enact a law that they cannot the employees of that agency and con­ Bushfleld Hatch O'Daniel even express their opinion in political vict them without a hearing, without Butler Hawkes Overton campaigns and cannot contribute even having an opportunity to defend them­ Byrd Hayden Radcliffe Capper Hill Reed to local elections. I think the amend­ selves, without pursuing the normal Caraway Johnson, Colo. Robertson ment should be rejected. channels of legislation, but by attaching Chandler Kilgore Russell Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will the a rider to an appropriation bill and thus Chavez La Follette Shipstead Clark, Mo. Langer Stewart Senator yield? depriving them Of the rights and liberties Connally Lucas Taft Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. which are enjoyed by other employees of Cordon McCarran Thomas, Uaho 4586 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 Tunnell Walsh, Mass. Wherry Mr. DANAHER. I ask unanimous con­ very much in earn ... st, because I think Tydings Walsh,N. J. White Vandenberg Weeks Wilson sent that the amendment be further voting is a political activity. So strongly Wagner Wheeler modified so to make certain that it will did the various committees of the Con­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Sixty­ have no retroactive effect~ The Senator gress, both of the House and of the Sen­ five Senators having answered to their from Colorado [Mr. JoHNSON] has very ate, entertain that belief tha.t in each one names, a quorum is present. " aptly pointed out to me that it would of the bills which was passed language Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I have not be advisable to have a cut-off date, was included setti,. g fo:·th that nothing just come onto the floor, and have been because everyone ·has engaged in po­ in the act should be ronstrued to affect somewhat interested in the debate now litical activity at some time or other. the right of an employee to vote as he might choose. There is, h~wever, no such rroceeding. I have read with much in­ I therefore ask unanimous consent to terest the amendment now being con­ modify the amendment by inserting the exception in the language of the pro­ sidered, but have just read it for the words "since June 1, 1944." posed amendment. I very sincerely be­ first time, and I am a little confused as The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen­ lieve that very likely it would prohibit to what it means. I should like to ask ator has a right to modify his amend- an employee of the Department of Agri­ the Senator from Georgia a question, if I ment. · culture from voting in an election, and may. I know he has given consideration Mr; DANAHER. I ask that the amend- · I was asking for information. I wanted and study to the amendment. ment as modified be restated. to know if the language would have that I notice that under the terms of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The effect. If the Congress is about to do proposal any political activity is forbid­ Clerk will state the amendment as modi­ such a thing as that I would like t0 know den under penalty of the person being fied. what the frame of mind of Congress is. deprived of salary. "Political activity" The CmEF CLERK. In lieu of the. lan­ We might have m: re such legislation one is not defined. I take it the casting of a guage proposed to be stricken out, down of these days. vote in the coming election would be a to and including the word "office" on Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will line 24, page 66, it is proposer. to insert the Senator yield? political activity under the pending bill. 1 Am I correct? I am asking for infor­ ((Provided further, That no part of the Mr. HATCH. I yi( d. mation. funds appropriated or made available to Mr. BARKLEY. As I recall, the Hatch Mr. RUSSELL. I thank the Senator ·the Agricultural Adjustment Agency or Act, YJhich I supportr 1, as the Eenator for the suggestion. I do not think there to any other bureau or agency of the De­ knows, not only did not deprive an em­ is any question that under the amend­ partment of Agriculture shall be used to ployee of the right to vote, but it ex­ ment, if a man should exercise the right pay the salary of any employee unless pressly accorded to him the right to ex­ of suffrage, he would be denied the right such employee shall certify over his sig­ press his views. to receive his compensation. Casting a nature that he has not engaged since Mr. HATCH. Oh, yes; and I never vote is certainly political activity. ' June 1, 1944, in any political activity nt o.r this nar.ure, are properly considered we went much knowingly pass a law depriving citizens if it has any merit at all, could well come too far in passing the Hatch Ac.;. of the right to vote. But, Mr. President, in the ::-orm of a bill which would be re­ Mr. HATCH. Mr. President--- I think that perhaps we are about to do ferred to the proper comr11ittee, where Mr. LUCAS. I say that with all due that thing unknowingly and unwittingly, hearings would be held upon it, so that deference to my good friend the Senator That is the reason I raised the question. the full force and effect of the measure from New Mexico. Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ could be understood. Mr. HATCH. I was just going to recall dent, will the Senator yield? Regardless of what the Senator from spme of the arguments the able Senator Mr. HATCH. I yield. Missouri has said to the effect that the from Illinois made on the floor of the Mr. CLARK of Missouri. It seems to so-called Hatch Act may have been a Senate at the time the Senate considered me there has been a great deal of discus:­ mistake, I wish to reiterate my faith and the measure, that it was unconstitu­ sion among Senators who have never belief in that act. :..: do not think it was tional. read the regulations promulgated by the a mistake. I think it has served a very Mr. LUCAS. .I still think so, ~ . nd if the various departments under the Hatch useful purpose, and is serving one today. act ever comes before the Eupreme Court Act. The Hatch Act does not deprive Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ I am confiient with respect t) what the any citizen, whether he is a Government dent, will the Senator yield? Court will do with the Hatch Act. employee or not, of the right of belong­ Mr. HATCH. I yield. Mr. President, much politics has been · ing to a political organization, of attend­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I did not thrown into tl1is whole matter. During ing a political meeting, of contributing, mean to intimate that I thought the all the years the Republicans were in if he so desires, to a political campaign, Hatch Act was a mistake. As the Sena­ power in Congress they never sought or of expressing his opinions freely in . tor knows, I suiJported it very actively .. through the adoption of such a measure any way he may see fit, so long as he Mr. HATCH. And very ablY. as the Hatch Act to deprive the individ­ does not do it in a public meeting. Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I did not ual citizer~ C'f the inherent right given to It seems to me, Mr. President, that a mean to say that I thought it was a him by the Constitution of the United great deal of the heat and the agitation mistake. I say that irrespective of States. Now they come alcng in an elec­ against the Hatch Act comes about by whether the Hatch Act was a mistake, tion year with this sort of proposal that reason of the fact that a great many per­ people should understand what is in it. strikes primarily at honest and respon­ sons have never read the Hatch Act and Mr. HATCH. I also think it is en­ sible farmers. I shal~ be intere:::ted to have never read the regulations promul­ tirely constitutional. I would welcome a see what the Republican Party will do at gated under the Hatch Act. It may be test in the courts. I would welcome a its convention to be held in Chicago, with decision by the Supreme Court of the respect to the triple A. that the Hatch Act was a mistake and should be repealed, although I fought United States as to the powers of the Mr. WHERRY. The Sf'nator pointed very strenuously, as the Senator from Congress to legislate with respect to em­ at me. New Mexico knows, in behalf of its pas­ ployees of the Government. Mr. LUCAS. Yes; I have t.he right sage. But if any attack is to be made on Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will under the Senate rules to point to the the Hatch Act, we certainly should know the Senator yield? Senator if I V'ant to, V'ithout·asking him what the Hatch Act provides and what Mr HATCH. I yield. a question. the regulations under it have meant. Mr. DANAHER. Earlier in the day I Mr. WHERRY. I thank the Senator. asked· a question of the Senator from Mr. LUCAS. I know . what was done Mr. REED. Mr. President, will the Georgia. He could not give me an recently in Chicago with respect to the Senator yield? answer to it. Perhaps the Senator from farm program, and I know what some of Mr. HATCH. I yield. New Mexico can. This is the question: the farm leaders said to the Republicans Mr. REED. In the first place, Mr. Has there been any prosecution, any­ with respect to the triple A. The Re­ President, I promise the Senator from where, under the Hatch Act? publicans are not going to disturb the New Mexico that I shall not make a Mr. HATCH. Yes. triple A in their platform when they speech on his time. I merely wish to call Mr. WHERRY. Where? meet in convention iP Chicago. TheRe­ attention as a member, first, of the sub­ Mr. HATCH. One in the State of Ari­ publicans are not going to turn the black committee, and secondly, of the full com­ zona, and one in the State of Illinois, acres loose forever, as some of them mittee which had charge of the bill, that as I recall. I understand that some of would seem to suggest. The Senator the Senator from Illinois treated the those cases are on appeal. from Nebraska conveniently forgets that question as one in connection with which Mr. DANAHER. The Senator knows when the black acres were turned loose -the Senate committee had nothing before of only two cases; does he? prior to 1933 tt.e more that was produced it-something coming out of thin air or Mr. HAr:..'CH. I think there have been the less was obtained for the product. the blue sky. more than that. The American farmer is in excellent The Senate committee had llefore it Then, Mr. President, I wished to point financial condition. His progress can be this amendment, which had been agreed out another matter. Unless the pro­ traced dir ' 0tlY to the triple A. to by a coordinate body of the House of posed legislation goes much further than Mr. President, I am anxiously awaiting Representatives. In my judgment, this perhaps some persons think, it does, it the tinie wl.er. the Republicans will hold amendment reached us in impossible is absolutely unnecessary. If it is de­ their convention at Chicago, to see what shape; that is all. signed to prohibit only the ordinary po­ they will do with the fundamentals of The Senate has a duty to pass upon litical activities of employees of the the triple A. The act is on the statute this question. I have regarded the Department of Agriculture, those areal­ books to stay. No leaders of agriculture, amendment offered by the Senator from ready prohibited by the Hatch Act. The whether they be Democratic in their Connecticut as·a fair adjustment of the amendment does not enlarge in any way

• 4588 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 upon the penalties provided by the Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Does the include, although it was not limiting its Hatch Act. Under that act any person Senator think there is any justification definition to. that- employed in the Department of Agricul-­ on earth for us to discriminate against making or soliciting contributions to cam­ ture-because it is a branch of the exec­ farmers who happen to be members of paign funds of political parties or to any or­ utive departments-who engages in po­ some. of the local committees, as against ganization, association, corporation, or indi­ litical activity is automatically dis­ all -the other Government employees in vidual for the purpose of aiding or influenc­ charged; or should be, just as he would the country? ing the election or defeat of any candidate for be denied .his salary -in this instance. Mr. HATCH. Oh, the Senator knows political office. · The penalty is the same. that I think, and have long believed, they They knew very well what that meant. Again, even without the . Hatch Act all should be on exactly the same basis. Mr. President, the House found the sit­ and without this bill, when the distin­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I am sure the uation in the country to be such that it guished Vice President was the Secre­ Senator does. , even said that no part of these funds was tary of Agriculture, rules and regula­ Mr. HATCH. I do not think we can to be used to pay the salary of any full­ tions were adopted in that _particular lay down any rule which discriminates time employee of the Department of-­ Department, if I am not mistaken-and and still be fair or just to anyone. Agriculture or any of its branches, who they are in force and effect today-abso­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I was very engaged in any lobbying activity; the lutely prohibiting political activity by sure that was the opinion of the Senator House went that far. those employees and by members of the from New Mexico, but I wished to bring Mr. President, we have divided the A. A. A.; and, further, those rules and out from him an expression as to the question. We have confined ourselves regulations~ provided -for the discharge of pending amendment, which does dis­ solely at the present time to the first 10 persons engaging in the prohibited ac­ tinctly discriminate against any farmer or 12 lines of the House language. The tivities. who happens to be a member of the local Senate Committee on Appropriations has If .the thought behind the amendment brought in a committee amendment is to prohibit political activities by em­ committees. Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will which would strike out that House lan­ ployees of any branch of Government, guage. The proposed substitute now at I am in thorough accord and sympathy the Senator yield? Mr. HATCH. I yield. the desk does no more than say that any with that thought. But I am not will­ Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President­ such employee shall certify, at the time ing to go to the length of denying to he is paid, that he has not engaged in any citizen employed in any branch of Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Even a Con- necticut farmer. the political activity mentioned. There the Government the right to exercise is no question about the denial of the the right of suftrage. Mr. DANAHER. I shall be happy to continue to yield to the Senator from right to vote. We could even put on the Mr. RUSSELL. Or expression of back of the check, as Senators who are opinion. Missouri if he wishes to have me do so. Mr. President, let me now point out lawyers have seen time and time again Mr. HATCH. Or expression of opin­ · in their experience, a statement which, ion. that we are dealing primarily with a House bill on which the whole House of when the endorsement of the payee ap­ Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, if the pears, constitutes an agreement or cer­ Senator will yield to me, I may say there Representatives has acted. The House is no question that the amendment is of Representatives took account of the tification. being leveled solely at the Department situation. That was done by a House of Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, will the of Agriculture because today the Senate Representatives composed of 435 Mem­ Senator yield? has already passed an appropriation bill bers. The Members of the House of Rep­ Mr. DANAHER. I yield. for the Departments of State, Justice, resentatives acted with full knowledge of Mr. HATCH. The Senator says there and Commerce. That bill was passed the situation in their respective districts. is no question of the denial of the right by tfie Senate in just a few moments, In the House of Represen..tatives the ma­ . of a man to vote. Why does the Senator and no question was raised in reference jority finds its adherents among the ad­ say that? Does he think that voting is to it. No such amendment was offered ministration forces. The Speaker of the not a political activity? to that bill. House of Representatives is a member of Mr. DANAHER. We know that voting The amendment is offered to single the Democratic Party. Every committee is the exercise of the right of franchise. . out the employees of the Department of in the House of Representatives is or­ We know that political activity in con­ Agriculture, to indict and convict all of ganized under the leadership of the Dem­ nection with stimulating people to vote them, including county committeemen ocratic Party. in a given way, lawfully or unlawfully, working for a few days at $3 a day, and There is no question about what is in­ or soliciting campaign funds, or trying to deny them the right even to e:lq>ress volved in this amendment. Undoubtedly to bring about the defeat or the election their opinion in the local communities in some States there are Republicans who of a given candidate-all such things are or townships or counties in which they are members of the A. A. A. Undoubt­ political activity. Surely the Senator live. edly in some States there are Democrats from New Mexico knows that. Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will who are members Of the A. A. A. The Mr. HATCH. I know that those things the Senator yield? House of Representatives provided- are political activities; but I do not know Mr. HATCH. I yield. That no part of the funds appropriated or that voting is not a political activity. Mr. DANAHER. Of course, in the ap­ made available to the Agricultural Adjust­ That is the reason I asked the Senator propriation bill for the Departments of ment Agency or to any other bureau or agency the question. State, Justice, and Commerce, no such of the Department of Agriculture shall be Mr. DANAHER. It is not political ac­ used to pay the salary of any full time em­ tivity within the meaning of the language question arose, because in connection ployee who engages in any political activity with those departments no such notorious or lobbying activity. here proposed. condition exists. That is why we did Mr. HATCH.. Does the Senator think not offer to that bill such an amend­ The House of Representatives knew that is clear? ment. what it was 'talking about. We know Mr. DANAHER. I not only think so, Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I wish to what it was talking about. The House of but I so assert. The legislative history draw the attention of Senators to the Representatives was not denying those back of an act of Congress is looked to provision on which they are about to vote. persons the right to vote. The House of by the courts when they seek to interpret If Senators wish to say they desire to Representatives knows very well that it. If there should ever be a question go to the length to which this amend­ Congress has no power to deny anyone about it, I am willing that any court may ment possibly does go, and probably does the right to vote. The House of Repre­ look at the RECORD of this very date and go, that is for them to say. But I think sentatives knows very well that this see what I have said. . we should know and understand the measure would not deny anyone the Mr. HATcH. The Senator also knows effect of the. legislation we vote to enact. right to vote. that it is the practice. of courts not to Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ The House of Representatives said, look at the debates on the ·floor of the dent, will the Senator yield? when it referred to political activities or Senate in ascertaining the CongressionaJ Mr. HATCH. I yield. lobbying activities! that it also meant t~ interpretation. ·· · 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4589 Mr. DANAHER: The S:mator from activities· which are to be prohibited, the activity, and even the word "pernicious'' New Mexico knews very well that there words "including but ·not limited to" is dropped from this amendment. -is no question of the denial of the right have been inserted in order that the lan­ I wish to say further that when the to vote involved in this language. guage may not be · construed as having Senator points out the danger of enact­ Mr. HATCH. I have stated that the limited the application of tbese two un­ ing legislation involving the loss of the Senator had no such intention. What defined words. freedom of speech and the right to vote, I wish to know is, Are we doing some­ Mr. President, we are entering upon it is lightly brushed aside by some in thing we do not intend to do? dangerous ground when we attempt to this Chamber as though we could not pass Mr. DANAHER. Oh, no. deny to citizens of the United States such legislation. It is easy to see that no Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, no their inherent right to freedom of speech act of Congress can limit the right of a Member of the Senate is more anxious and freedom of expression. It is my in­ citizen to speak freely. That right is than I to see effective legislation adopted terpretation of this language that if guaranteed by the Constitution. That is to prevent pernicious political activity any employee of the Department of Agri­ true. However, there are decisions of on the part of Government employees, culture were to muke a statement con­ our courts whiCh say that while we recog­ or any other citizens of this Republic, cerning any candidate. for office, he nize constitutional limitations this and and to prevent any abuse of power on the would be subject to the charge that lie similar legislation does not at all restrict part of any employee of the Government. has engaged in political activity, and the right of the individual to speak as he I supported the Hatch Act. I agree woulrl be liable to be discharged from his may choose to speak. No one can pre­ with the Senator from New Mexico that position. In this day and age is . the vent him. However, we can say to him, it was wise legislation. I 'think it has Government of the United States to "You cannot work for the Federal Gov­ had a very salutary effect in restraining adopt a provision which would deny to ernment if you engage in such activities." the activities which it was designed to citizens employe j in one of the branches Mr. LA FOLLETTE. That is the point. prohibit. But let us be frank. We are of the Federal Government the right to Mr. HATCH. The limitation is on the dealing here with precious rights of freedom of expression? If we have right of persons who work for the Fed­ citizenship. We should not enact any reached that stage, Mr. {'resident, we eral Government, and thereby the Con­ legislation which would impinge upon have come to a pretty pass. stitution is upheld even in those extreme the rights of citizens of this country, It seems to me that this is a proposal cases. whether they be employees of the Gov.: to burn down the barn l.n order to get Mr. LA FOLLETI'E. It is a condition ernment or not. rid of a few rats. It is proposed to deny of employment. The Senator from Connecticut is not to thousands of upstanding American Mr. HATCH. Yes. the author of the language. He 9,sserts citizens employed by the Department of Mr. LA FOLLETTE. And not an ab­ that it is the language adopted by the Agriculture under penalty of loss of their solute abridgment of the right per se. House. It is no comfort to me to nave employment, rights which are guaran­ Nevertheless, the effect will be the same him state that the language does not on teed ta them under the Constitution of on the individual. its face 'deny to a citizen employed by the the United States. Mr. HATCH. The Senator is abso­ Department of Agriculture the right to If this amendment were adopted, I lutely correct. vote. think very effective use could be made of Mr. LA FOLLETTE. My only point is So far as I can ascertain, Mr. Presi­ it by our enemies in exposing our hypoc­ that the rights and privileges of citizens dent, there was little consideration given risy in advocating the fundamental in a democracy are so precious, and have to this provision in the House of Repre-· principles of democracy and being will­ been won only after such great sacrifices, sentatives. There was very little testi­ ing to defend them on the battlefield, we should not enter into the delicate field mony before the House committee on the while at the same time, because it is of legislating with a meat ax. We should subject; and yet we are now being urged alleged tha.t some employees have been operate on this political problem with a to accept language adopted by the House guilty of some political activity, we deny scalpel and with full knowledge of what of Representatives under those circum­ to a large group of citizens rights guar­ we are doing. stances. I think it could clearly be con­ anteed to them by the Constitution of Mr. President, I believe the Hatch Act strued to deny to employees of the De­ the United States. If certain employees was carefully framed. I felt that I could partment of Agriculture not on1y the have been guilty of pernicious political support it because it defined the type of right to express their opinions concern­ activities, let them be prosecuted under activity to be prohibited. It retained the ing candidates or issues in campaigns, the Hatch Act. Let an investigation be fundamental rights of the citizen. I as­ but also the right to vote; for it is made, and let the persons charged with sert that a reading of the language which obvious that the language does not con­ such activities have an opportunity to fs here proposed will show that it is not tain any definition of the term "political defend themselves. If it be found that drawn with the care with which the activity." The particularized activities they have indulged in any such activity Hatch Act was framed. There is no contain a statement which is designed to I shall join with the Senator from Con­ defin'ition of terms. There is no deline­ prevent them from being taken as a limi­ necticut, or with any other Senator, in ation of the specific activities to be pro­ tation upon those two words. The lan­ seeing that effective action is taken to hibited as ·a condition of employment. guage is as follows: separate them from the pay rolls, or to As a matter of fact, the framers of this see that they are prosecuted under the proposal were careful to provide that it Provided further. That no part of the funds .. appropriated or made available to the Agri­ Hatch Act. should not be limited to . the activities cultural Adjustment Agency or to any other · I again assert, Mr. President, that we which are specified. bureau or agency of the Department of Agri­ are treading upon dangerous ground. Mr. President, I assert that it would culture shall be used to pay the salary of We are moving in the direction of deny­ be shocking at this time for the Senate any full-time employee who engages In any ing to citizens at this time, when they of the United States to go on record in political activity or lobbying activity (in­ are making tremendous sacrifices in both favor of denying to citizens of this coun­ cluding but not limited to making or solicit­ ·blood and treasure in order to defend try the right to exercise their legitimate ing contributions to campaign funds of political parties or to any organization, as­ the country, the right of freedom of ex­ political rights. I repeat that it would sociation, corporation, or Individual for the pression, or, perhaps, even under a tech­ be shocking. It could be utilized as a purpose of aiding or influencing the election nical interpretation of this language, charge that we were hypocritical in our or defeat of any candidate for political office; the rigfit to vote. espousal of those precious rights and lib­ distribution of, or solicitation of subscrip­ Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, will the erties. So I hope, Mr. President, that tions to, or contributions for the distribu­ Senator yield? the Senate will not adopt this ill-consid-· tion of publications and ·other literature Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I yield. ered proposal. If there are abuses such designed to influence or aid in the election or defeat of any candidate for public office. Mr. HATCH. The Senator referred to as the Senator from Nebraska has out­ bills relating to pernicious activities. I lined, and such as have been presented · It is clear, Mr. President, that there is think he will find that the word "perni­ in an ex parte manner, I will join with no definition of the warps "political ac­ cious" appears in all legislation, and in him in doing all in my power to secure tivity" contained in this amendment. It the civil-service rules forbidding political an investigation, or a prosecution of is further clear that in delineating the activities. It all relates to pernicious those involved. 4590 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 However, Mr. President, let us not, in was not had, but that does not change the fundamental rights of employees of a moment of haste, at a time when we the situation. I wish to protect the the Department of Agriculture that the · have not given proper consideration to farmers against being coerced into doing Senator from Connecticut did not want. this important question, rush in ·and do things which they do not wish to do. to sponsor it. something which may make us ashamed Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, as Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. Pre~ident, I after we have had full opportunity to I said before, I will go as far as the Sen­ merely wish to say a word or two about contemplate the effect of our actions. ator from Nebraska, ·if the evidence is the pending amendment. The Senator Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, will the adduced that such practices are being in­ from Nebraska has said that this amend­ Senator yield for only a moment? dulged in, to take whatever action may be ment was put in the bill by the House, Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I yield. necessary to bring them to an end. But and therefore by analogy we ought to Mr. HATCH. The Senator has spoken . I wish to point out that the amendment ke.ep it in the bill. The S.enate is not of investigations. Unfortunately I was under consideration does not affect either bound by anything the Hcuse does in a not present, and I did .aot hear what the directly or indirectly the cases about bill. Time after time the Senate has re­ Senator from Nebraska said on that sub­ which the Senator is talking; they are jected and will no doubt continue to re­ ject. However, judging from some of the not touched by this amendment, and no ject, language put int0 a bill by the remarks which have been made, there effort is made by it to reach them. I say, House of Representatives. That is what must have been an element of coercion Mr. President, once more that this is a we are here for; we are supposed to re­ on the part of persons in authority, about field into which the Congress should tread consider what has· been done by the whom the Senator was complaining. If very cautiously and only after the most House of Representatives and the House that be true, no congressional investiga­ careful consideration. It is a field into has the same right to deal with amend­ tion is needed. All that need be done is which we have no right to enter until ments or original legislation proposed by to go to the district attorney in the par­ we have carefully considered the conse­ the Senate. I think the Committee on ticular district in which the act is al­ quences insofar as the citizens to be af­ Appropriations wisely struck out this leged to have occurred, because a viola­ fected are concerned. I certainly hope whole provision. tion of the provisions of the Hatch Act that the amendment will be rejected. The Senator from Connecticut, with are criminal offenses punishable by in­ Mr. GREEN. Mr. President-- his usual skill, has drawn a substitute dictment and prosecution in the courts of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the which requires any man who draws his the land. Senator from Wisconsin yield to the Sen­ salary either once a month or twice a Mr. LA FOLLETTE. The charges in ator from Rhode Island? month to makE a certificate and sign it · connection with the correspondence re­ Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I yi.eld. that be has not done any of the things ferred to by the Senator from Nebraska Mr. GREEN. In connection with the prohibited by this language. were, as I understand, twofold: First, argument made by the able Senator from Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, will the · the exercise of coercion on the part of Wisconsin, with which I am cordially in Senator yield? persons in the triple A in utilizing their accord, as a member of the committee Mr. BARKLEY . . I yield. ability to obtain gasoline for farmers in which reported the Hatch Act with the Mr. RUSSELL. I should like to ask order to induce them to join some pro­ recommendation for the elimination of the Senator how long it will be necessary gram. Secondly, there was the charge this language, I should like 'to call the to keep the certificates. They would that someone connected with the Farm Senator's attention to one further illus­ have to be kept until after the statute Security Administration had written a tration of how much further the provi­ of limitations had run out and some letter in which he urged the solicitation sion proposed goes than the existing law. . charge had been brought for violation of money to raise a campaign fund with It provides that no one shall be paid any of the act. I presume there would be which to carry on political activities salary if he engages in certain political millions of certificates all the way down against the senior Senator from Ne­ activities. As the able Senator has point­ to the lowest committeeman in the braska, and some other persons whom I ed out, numerous activities are enumer­ United States. assume to be Republicans in the State of ated, but it is expressly stated that the ·Mr. BARKLEY. Of course, the Sena­ -Nebraska. political activities may include others tor's question emphasizes the ridiculous Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will than those enumerated. It particularly situation in which the Senate finds itself. the Senator yield? · forbids such employees to engage in ac­ If it adopts this amendment, before any Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I yield. tivities designed to influence the action employee could draw his pay he would Mr. WHERRY. I should like to invite of Congress with respect to appropria­ be required to sign a certificate that he the attention of the· distinguished Sen­ tions or legislation of any kind. Why iS had not engaged in any political activi­ ator from Wisconsin to the fact that it that not in direct conflict with the first ties. was not only the administration of the amendment of the Federal Constitution, The Senator from Connecticut, who is triple A and its instructions to see to it which provides that Congress shall make a good lawyer, says all the employee that farmers joined the triple A program no law abridging the right of the people would need to do would be to sign his in order to obtain gasoline, but in the to petition the Government for a redress name on the back of his check and it past 6 months representatives of the of grievances? would be assumed that that was a com­ triple A have made a circuit in Nebraska Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, pliance with the law. He would never and required farmers to take member­ the Senator from Connecticut has offered have a chance to sign his name on the · ship in the triple A organization. They an amendment in lieu of the committee bacK: of the check, until he made the cer­ have also suggested in letters which have amendment. The Senator having called tificate that he had not done any of these come to me that the farmers take up with attention, however, to the further dras­ things, because he would not get a check their Senators and Representatives the tic and sweeping effect of the second por­ to endorse until he had given such a cer­ matter of supporting the consumers sub­ tion of the House language reminds· me tificate. sidy. Such activities have been con­ that I wished to say when I rose to my The Senator from Nebraska com­ ducted on the time of the men in the feet, but forgot to say, that all the as­ plained awhile ago of many of the coun­ Department of Agriculture, and on De­ surances given by the Senator from Con­ ty committees going around and trying partment of Agricultural stationery. necticut as to the careful manner in to coerce farmers to join the program or I wish to suggest to the distinguished which this language had been drawn ap­ else denying them gasoline. That is the Senator from Wisconsin that I appre­ ply only from line 11 to line 24, which first I ever heard of anything like that. ciate the defense he has made against he has now with a slight modification They must have a peculiar brand of taking away rights of people to vote. I sponsored himself. The Senator from county committees in Nebraska. Cer­ do not wish to have the franchise of the Connecticut rejects the remaind~r of the tainly no county committeemen chosen people taken away. This matter was amendment which was adopted by the by the farmers in my State have ever thoroughly considered in the House of same committee and by the House of undertaken to coerce anybody to join a Representatives. As in the case of hear­ Representatives, which is the language program, and the committeemen do not ings held by committees upon which I r-eferred to by the Senator from Rhode have anything to do with the rationing have served with the distinguished Sen­ Island, which I think every Senator will of gasoline, anyway. There are entirely ator from New Mexico, it is possible that admit is so palpably unconstitutional different boards, working without com­ a full attendance of committee members and goes so far in denying and abridging pensation all over the United States that 1944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4591 decide how much gasoline a man may of thing. I do not know to what extent Johnson, Colo. Murdock Tunnell Kilgore - Nye Tydings obtain. any citizen. who has such a complaint La Follette O'Daniel Vandenberg In order to carry out that sort of a has been before a Federal grand jury and Langer Overton Wagner program the county committee, under asked to be heard. Certainly citizens Lucas Radcliffe Walsh, Mass. McCarran Reed Walsh, N.J. the triple A selected by the farmers, have that right, and no one can deny McClellan Robertson Weeks would have to go to the members of the them that right. So far as the Hatch Act McFarland Russell Wheeler board that disposes of gasoline and in­ is concerned, the remedy does not alto­ McKellar Shipstead Wherry gether lie with the head of a department. Maloney Stewart White timidate them and induce them to in­ Millikin Taft Wilson timidate the farmers who come in and The criminal courts are open to anyone Moore Thomas, Idaho tell them that unless they joined the who has a case. program they could not get any gasoline. If the pending amendment should be The PRESIDING OFFICER. Sixty­ But, even so, the language of the amend­ agreed to, there is not an employee "of five Senators have answered to their ment offered by the Senator from Con­ the Department of Agriculture who names. A quorum is present. necticut does not deal with that sort of lives in Maryland or in Virginia, who The question is on agreeing to the thing. It cannot be claimed that that is has any number of children eligible for modified amendment of the Senator from a political activity. It may be an over­ attendance in the common schools of Connecticut [Mr. DANAHER] to the first enthusiastic agricultural activity, but those States, who has a next-door neigh­ branch of the committee amendment on certainly it cannot be described as a bor who is a candidate for school trustee, page 66, line 11. The yeas and nays have political activity. to form the board of education for a been ordered, and the clerk will call the Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will the county which would employ teachers roll. Senator yield? to teach the children of such employee The legislative clerk proceeded to call Mr. BARKLEY. I yield. of the Department of Agriculture, who the roll. Mr. WHERRY. The facts are that in could, without violating the law, speak Mr. BRIDGES pressure, with respect to the time of public property. I do not believe that­ ning can be decided fundamentally and when the post-war problem must be the program which I have outlined would basically by the Senate. The Senate has actually confronted. in any way interfere with the larg~r pro­ a special committee which was created The question of public works in their gram. Using diligence in getting to work to function in that precise behalf. various phases has not yet been fully through the appropriation of a small Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, I thank canvassed. We have had some testi­ amount of money in a matter which af­ the Senator for his statement; but, once mony on the phase of public-works plan­ fects every individual in the country in a while, I became a little impatient­ ning, related, for example, to public would not interfere with the larger pro­ and I know that the Senator will pardon roads. We have had testimony in other gram. The third of the area of the me for saying so-about proposals which aspects of post-war public-works plan­ United States about which I am speak­ are awaiting the appropriate time. ning, but we are not as yet ready to make ing belongs to all the people of the United Many sins have been committed by wait­ a general recommendation on the sub­ States, and I think we have quite a re­ ing for the appropriate time to do some­ ject. sponsibility in connection with it. If we thing. How many times have we neg­ I have the feeling, with great respect accept that responsibility now, we in no lected to do our duty by ·waiting for the for the argument made by the Senator way interfere with the idea which the appropriate time? I think the time is from New Mexico, that it would be a Senator from Michigan has in mind, and now. Why lock the barn after the horse v~ry unfortunate thing if we were to to which I agree. has been taken away? The time to lock start by piecemeal legislation to deal Mr. VANDENBERG. Mr. President, I it is when the horse is inside. The time with the subject of post-war planning in think there is- no disagreement between to get ready for the future is now. In the field of public works, because the us regarding the ultimate problem. I my opinion, respectfully submitted with whole purpose of the Senate in creating referred to the primary emphasis which the Senator's permission, the time to this clearinghouse and in initiating the the George committee has placed upon take care of public property is now. effort which the so-called George com­ private enterprise with respect to post­ Mr. VANDENBERG. Mr. President, I mittee is making, has been to minimize war planning merely to indicate why we am sure the Senator's conscience is en­ public works as much as possible as a have not as yet reached conclusive tirely clear with respect to the amend­ reliance in the post-war period, so that program in respect to public works. We ment which he submitted, and I again the major reliance can be placed upon have taken the problems in the order­ say to him that I have no quarrel with private enterprise to provide normal jobs in our view-recommended by the im­ him over the importance which he at­ in normal private enterprise on regular portance of the various factors. What taches to post-war planning for fores­ pay rolls. We accept the conception I am now saying is that when we reach try. Forestry is one of perhaps 20 ma­ that there will be an interim need for the point where there is post-war plan­ jor divisions of post-war planning, the public works; but, Mr. President, we re­ ning for public works, it should be ap­ sum total of which the Senate had bet­ ject the premise that public works · proached with an over-all view in re­ ter take into account before it starts to should be the primary reliance of the spect to all phases of public works which make any special allocations of funds United ~tates in respect to post-war are related to post-war plahning. without knowing what the sum total is. planning. Therefore we have under- · I concede that everything the Senator ·After all, there is a limit to the re­ taken the constructive effort to release · says about the importance of forestry in sources of the American people which private enterprise to the creation of respect to post-war planning is true. I the Senate can commit to post-war post-war employment first. That does simply suggest that there are other planning, at home, abroad, or anywhere not rule out the necessity for creating a equally important factors in post-war else. We had better have a conception reservoir of essential public works, to public works planning which should be of our total obligations before we start take up any lag or sag in the interim be­ part of the decision which the Senate to build up that obligation witheut the fore private enterprise can again get in makes in respect to post-war public essential knowledge regarding the over­ motion. works planning. all problem. . However, I respectfully submit to my I invite the attention of the Senator So, Mr. President, I am reluctantly able friend from New Mexico that the to the fact that his own amendment forced to make the point of order against public-works problem in respect to post­ says: the amendment so that at least a two­ war planning should be taken up as a For the preparation, either independently thirds vote shall be required in order to whole, and canvassed as a whole. Its or under cooperative arrangements, of de­ pass it at this time. Then I shall join segments should be allocated in respect tailed project plans for post-war public works, the Senator from New Mexico in the to appropriations with a view to · the including, but not limited to' • • • re­ proper forum in order to achieve the over-all picture, and we should not pro­ forestation- results for which he has asked. ceed piecemeal to deal with it now. And so forth. In other words, my able Mr. CHAVEZ. I thank the Senator. M.r. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, will the friend is presenting an amendment I think we have made progress. Senator yield? which on its face presumes to cover the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. VANDENBERG. I yield. entire post-war public works planning. point of order is sustained. Mr. CHAVEZ. I do not disagree with Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, I am Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. President, I ask the Senator from Michigan that, if at all afraid the Senator from Michigan mis­ unanimous consent that the vote by possible, private enterprise should take understands the meaning of the words which the committee amendment on care of unemployment. I agree with him "but not limited to" in the amendment. page 53, in line 10, was agreed to, be re­ completely. But I insist that, whether They refer to activities such as reforesta­ considered, so that I may offer an amend­ we call it piecemeal or not, the respon­ tion and revegetation. There might be ment. sibility of the Conr-ress of the United some other classes of work to be done The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Rtates in taking care of a third of the within the forest areas. The amend­ objection to the request of the l)enator area of the United States is our responsi­ ment has nothing to do with the con­ from Utah? The Chair hears none, and sibility, and it is just as important as the struction of a building which the Gov­ the vote is reconsidered. The committee idea of having private enterprise take ernment might need in New York, Den­ amendment is before the Senate. c:1re of unemployment, because it affects ver, Albuquerque, or Detroit. It has Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. President, on all the people. nothing to do with schools. It has to do page 53, line 10, I move that the amount 1944 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-SENATE 4601 of $298,475 be increased to $323,475, titled 'An act to amend the Agricultural farmers of the Northwest, but it has which is an increase of $25,000 over the Adjustment Act, and for other purposes,' been practically impossible." amount determined upon when the .com­ approved August 24, 1935 (49 Stat. 774) ." To make matters worse, Mr. President, mittee amendment was first _agreed to. Mr. OVERTON. Mr. President, I am those in control in Washington announce I appeared before the subcommittee directed by the committee to offer this they will continue these exports, not only and made quite a lengthy statement on as a committee amendment. The amend­ during the war but after the war. These a very important problem which con­ ment explains itself, unl~ss Senators de­ exports of farm machinery so badly fronts Utah, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, sire further information with reference needed by the farmers have been made Ari:z;ona, and several other Western to it. under lend-lease. The farmers are pay­ States. The problem has been caused by Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, how much ing taxes to send farm machinery to other an overcrowding of our forest ranges, as money is involved? countries, where after the war the ma­ well as the pUblic ranges of the States Mr. OVERTON. About $5 ,000. chinery will be used by farmers who will to which I have referred, by an overpop­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The be in competition with our own farmers. ulation of big game, principally deer and question is on agreeing to the amend­ In my opinion, lend-lease was never in­ elk. Something must be done to relieve ment offered by the Senator from Loui­ tended for any such purpose. The farm­ the overpopulation. While I was in siana [Mr. OVERTON]. ers of America are perfectly willing, in Utah in April I was consulted by a group The amendment was agreed to. my opinion, to have this country under of livestock men, a delegation of sports­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill . lend-lease send to our allies munitions men, State officials, and grazing service is before the Senate and open to further and articles to be used under purposes of officials, telling me of the importance of amendment. If there be no further war, because they know that in the ma­ the problem and the fact that it was be­ amendment to be offered, the question is jority of cases our allies are getting it. coming progressively worse. on the engrossment of the amendments, But our farmers certainly never contem­ Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, will and the third reading of the bill. plated that they would be taxed to supply the Senator yield? • The amendments were ordered to be foreign lands with binders and combines, Mr. MURDOCK. I yield. engrossed, and tfie bill to be read a third drills and harrows, tractors and disks, Mr. RUSSELL. The Senator from time. and other farm machinery and farm tools Utah appeared before the committee The bill

4602 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 Leaders of the national farm. organizations, under lend-lease. They are not satisfied plication of _payments, the department with suspecting that the.New Deal agencies were about the action of our Government in wpich any such waive:t: is filed shall notify hiding something in their farm-machinery building dams for irrigation purposes in· _ the Veterans' Administration of the · receipt production figures, Thursday sent Edward J. of such .waiver, the amount waived, and the O'Neal; American Farm Bureau Federation many sections of the world where, after effective date of the reduction in retired president, to call on his friend, Administrator the war, farmers will raise agricultural pay. Jones, to ."get the low down." )roducts which will be in competition with the products raised by our own farmers. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I move DISHING OUT GLAMORIZED REPORTS th&.t the Senate concur in the House According to the Washington Farm Report­ Road machinery, paid for by our tax­ er, a publication of the National Grange writ­ payers, has been sent and is being sent amendment. ten by Agricultural Service Associates, a group to the four corners of the globe, to build Mr. WHITE.. Mr. President,. will the of writers that work closely with-leaders of all roads. Some of the roads so built ar,e Senator indicatE> what the House amend­ the major farm organizations, this is what so wide that four automobiles can travel ment is? took place: . abreast. All that is being done to de­ Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. "Couid it be that the Farm Machinery Divi­ velop . agricultural areas where farmers President, the hill provides that a per­ sion of W. P. B. wasn't going to fulfill its pro­ gram?" _O'Neal demanded of Jones. - "Could · of foreign lands will raise products which son who is eligible to receive retirement it be that it was dishing out glamorized re­ will be in competition with those raised pay or pension may designate whether ports?" by our own farmers. he wishes the payment credited to It not only could be, but was, said Jones. Once more, Mr. President, in behalf pensions or to retirement pay. He does He called in one of. his specialists to ,prove i.t . . of the farmers of our country, I protest : not receive both. He must take the one Saying that he would do everything_ in h ~ s against these actions on the part of the or the other, but he is given the oppor­ power to "needle'' W. P. B. into action, Jones administration. I repeat that they were tunity of choice. flatly refused O'Neal's demands that he do something about it immediately. never contemplated when the original Mr. WHITE. Is that all that is in­ He let it be known that the White House Lend-Lease Act was passed. They were volved in the Senator's motion to con­ had strictly forbidden any interagency squab- · not contemplated when lend-lease was re­ cur in the House amendment? bles between now and November 7, and that newed, or when appropriations were made Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. That .is it wasn't going to be the one to disobey White for additional funds for lend-lease. all . . House orders. Once more, on behalf of the farmers The PRESIDING OFFICER. The O'Neal, according to the Farm Reporter, of ou~ country, I protest .these actions _ question is on agreeing to the· motion came away from-W. F. A. bo111ng. He called an on the part of the administration, and immediate conference of the uther farm-or- · of the Senator from Colorado. ganization leaders: · . repeat that they were never contem­ The motion was· agreed to. "A joint statement blasting the whole rot- . plated when the original Lend-Lease.Act . . . . . ¥ESSAGE FROM THE; HOt!SE-ENROL~ED ten mess wide open to the public view should was passed; they were not contemplated be issued sooner than immediately," O'Neal when lend-lease was ren~wed, nor when Blf'LS reportedly told .the farm men. appropriations have b.een made for addi- A message from the House of Repre­ "Not so fast," retorted the other_ leaders. ·tional funds for len.d-lease. . , sentatives by_Mr. Maurer: one of its read­ "Do~ald Nelson has been about the only big This policy, if continued, will _wreck ing clerks, announced that the Speaker shot in the administration high command to agriculture in the United St_ates. I know give the farmers a break. Now, let's have a · had affixed his signature to the-following cozy chat with Mr. Nelson before we blow the of no way to stop it, in v~ew of the over­ enrolled bills: wind." . whelming vote given for the extension of . H. R. 3176. An act to regulate t:Qe furnish­ And that's what happened. They visited lend-lease last week without any steps ing of artificial limbs or other appliances to Nelson's ctfice Friday. According to their being taken to limit the amount of lend­ retired officers and enlisted men of the Army, reports, he didn't beat about the bm.h. He lease to war materials; but on behalf of Navy, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard, and to heard the farm men describe the situation the farmers, I protest, and protest, and . certain civilian employees of the military and as they knew it. He li.stened to O'Neal ac-· protest again against this Government naval forces of the Regul~r Establishment; cuse theW. P. B. Farm Machinery Division of giving away farm machinery to our com­ H. R. 3356. An act to increase the service­ falsifying production ~gures by reporting - petitors under the guise of lend-lease at connected disability rates of compensation or output i;n dollar value rather than in num­ pension payable to veterans of World War No. bers of machine units. You can't raise corn · the v.ery time when o1,ir farmers are. 1 and World War No. 2 and veterans entitled with dollar signs, O'Neal reportedly shouted.- asked to produce the greatest crop in to wartime rates based on service on or after MACHINERY TRUST BLAMED history and find they have little but old, September 16, 1940, for service-connected dis­ The farm leaders claimed the Big Eight worn-out machinery to do it with, and abilities, and to increase the rates for widows among 'the manUfacturers of farm machin­ when the Selective Service System re­ and children' under Public Law 484 .. seventy­ ery, referred to by W. F. A. specialists in · fuses to defer blacksmiths' assistants to third Congress, as amended, and to include their conversations as the Machinery Trust, help repair th_e worn-out machinery widows and children of World War No.2 vet­ are actually responsible for the failure of the that our farmers so badly need. era;ns for benefits under the latter act; and farm-machinery industry to meet the an­ H. R. 3377. An act to increase the rate of nounced production goals. PENSIONS AND COMPENSATIONS TO CER· pension for World War veterans from $40 to The farm men claim that last fall, when TAIN PERSONS RECEIVING RETIRED $50 per month, to $60 per month in certain farm-machinery quotas were being estab­ PAY specified cases, and for other purposes. lished, the big manufacturers, in an attempt · The PRESIDING OFFICER