Shabbos Motzoei Shabbos
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Shabbos, 14 Nissan, 5781 - For local candle Your complete guide to this Friday, lighting times visit week's halachos and minhagim. 20 Nissan, 5781 Chabad.org/Candles such as through flushing it down the toilet, or placing it in a public area (in a location with an Shabbos eruv) with the intention of making it hefker. 14 Nissan, 5781 | Parshas Tzav, • Before the end of the fourth halachic hour, clean Shabbos Hagadol, Erev Pesach your teeth of chametz. • Before this time, recite the second Kol Chamira (usually recited immediately after biur chametz), On this day nullifying any remaining chametz. Today is the birthday of the Rambam. Rest of the Day • We don’t say Av Harachamim and Tzidkas’cha. Things to do • After Minchah, recite part of the Haggadah, from Avadim hayinu until lechaper al kol avonoseinu.5 • This Shabbos is called Shabbos Hagadol, in • After Minchah but before shekiah,6 recite the commemoration of the miraculous civil war in Seder Korban Pesach. which the firstborn Egyptians fought against their • Preparations for the Seder may not be started on parents and Pharaoh.1 Shabbos. After Shabbos, one must say “Baruch • It is forbidden to eat matzah today (as opposed to hamavdil bein kodesh le’kodesh” before until now, when it was merely customary to refrain commencing preparations. from eating it).2 It is our custom to also refrain from eating any of the ingredients included in the charoses and maror (namely: apples, pears, walnuts, lettuce, and horseradish) until tomorrow night after korech.3 Motzoei Shabbos 15 Nissan, 5781 | First night of Pesach Disposal and Nullification of Chametz • We get up early to daven.4 Things to do • All chametz must be consumed—and the Shabbos meal concluded—before the end of the • After Shabbos is over, and saying “Baruch fourth halachic hour of the day. For the exact time hamavdil bein kodesh le’kodesh” (or davening in your location, visit www.chabad.org/zmanim. Maariv), light Yom Tov candles. • Any leftover chametz should be disposed of in a • When bentching licht, the berachos of Lehadlik manner which renders it out of your possession, Ner Shel Yom Tov and Shehecheyanu are said. Maariv ,Say the Shemoneh Esrei for Shalosh Regalim • 1 שו"ע אדה"ז סי' תל ס"א. וראה לקו"ש חל"ז ע' 7 בארוכה הדיעות בזה. 2 שו"ע אדה"ז סי' תעא ס"ד. 3 ספר המנהגים ע' 37. ולכאורה בליל הסדר הראשון בחו"ל אין חשש לאכול חרוסת ומרור ב'שולחן עורך' כמו שאין איסור לאוכלם בליל ערב-פסח )וכן משמע בשוע"ר סי' תעא סי"א שחילק את אי-האכילה בע"פ וביום א' דפסח לשני 5 ספר המנהגים ע' 37. הרבי נהג לאומרה עם הציבור, בישיבה על מקומו. עניינים( – הרב שבתי פרידמן, צפת. 6 סידור אדה"ז. 4 שו"ע אדה"ז סי' תכט סט"ז. adding the paragraph of Vatodi’einu. Place the charoses beneath the zeroa, the karpas • This is followed by the complete Hallel. beneath the beitzah, and the chazeres beneath • Hallel is followed by Kaddish Shalem and Aleinu. the maror.14 The Seder Kadesh • Begin the Seder as soon as possible, so the • For Kiddush we do Yakneha”z (yayin, kiddush, children will not fall asleep.7 neir, havdalah, and zman): Begin with Borei Pri • The Rebbe Rashab once told the Frierdiker Hagafen and the berachah of Asher bachar banu, Rebbe: “During the Seder, and especially when and then continue with Borei Me’orei Ha’eish the door is opened, and Hamavdil bein kodesh lechol. Conclude with we must think about “The Haggadah Shehecheyanu. being a mentch, should be said • When saying the berachah of Borei Me’orei and Hashem will loudly, with great Ha’eish, look at the Yom Tov candles (do not joy and much help. Don’t ask for kavanah.” join the candles together, and do not look at gashmiyus; ask for (Siddur HaArizal, cited your fingernails as is usually done on motzoei ruchniyus.” (The in Likkutei Sichos vol. 22, Shabbos). Rebbe’s Haggadah) p. 179 fn. 40) • See below, “Hosafos,” for what to do if you forgot to make havdalah during Kiddush. Preparing the Kaarah • Women who have already said Shehecheyanu • The kaarah is assembled at night, before when lighting the Yom Tov candles should not beginning the Seder.8 say this berachah in their Kiddush.15 • If possible, choose concave (bowl-shaped) • Drink the first cup, leaning to your left. It is matzos for the Seder plate.9 preferable to drink the entire cup in one shot.16 • To avoid any similarity to the korban pesach, the • For more on drinking the arba kosos and leaning, Frierdiker Rebbe would remove almost10 all the see below, “Hosafos.” meat from the zeroa bone (although it was from a chicken, which is invalid for a korban to begin Urchatz17 with).11 • Wash your hands, pouring water three times on • It is our custom to use both lettuce and horseradish the right hand and then three times on the left for both maror and chazeres.12 To prevent the hand, but do not say a berachah. matzah from becoming wet (sheruyah), the • See below, “Hosafos,” for what to do if you chazeres should be completely dry. accidentally made a berachah when washing for • We use a raw onion (or cooked potato) for Urchatz. karpas.13 • Place the zeroa on the top of the kaarah to the Karpas right, and the beitzah opposite it to the left. • Take a piece of onion (or potato) less than Place the maror beneath them in the center. a kezayis and dip it into salt water.18 Say the berachah of Borei Pri Ha’adamah, having in mind that the berachah also applies to the maror and chazeres. Eat the karpas without leaning.19 7 שו"ע אדה"ז סי' תעב ס"א-ב. 8 הגש"פ עם ליקוטי טעמים ומנהגים. הרבי היה מסדר את הקערה מעומד. בשעת סידור הקערה, לפני הנחת כל דבר בקערה, היה הרבי אומר את הכתוב בסידור בעניין זה, ואחר סידור הקערה אומר את כל סימני הסדר יחד, כפי שהם כתובים בהגדה. וכשמגיע זמנו של כל 'סימן', חוזר ואומר 'סימן' זה לפרטיו. כל האמירות האלה היו בלחש. 9 ספר המנהגים ע' 39. 14 הגדה. 10 אבל מעט בשר צריך להשאיר עליה, שכן עצם ללא בשר אינה נקראת 'תבשיל', שו"ע אדמוה"ז סי' תעג סכ"ב. 15 כף החיים ס"ס תקיד. ולענין עניית אמן אחר ברכת שהחיינו של האיש, ראה 'שבח המועדים' ע' 215 בהערה. 11 ספר המנהגים ע' 39. 16 ספר המנהגים ע' 39. 12 ספר המנהגים ע' 39. 17 הרבי קרא לפני נטילה זו גם את האמור בסידור על 'כרפס' )כדי שלא להפסיק אחרי הנטילה(. 13 ספר המנהגים ע' 39. ב'רשימות' חוב' צ )יומן ניסן תרצ"ה, וורשא( עמ' 14: "לכרפס – היו לוקחים בצל, ורק אח"כ 18 הרבי הטבילו ג' פעמים במי מלח. כשנחלשו הדורות, לקחו ]-הנשים, 'המלך במסיבו' ח"א עמ' קלא. 'אוצר' עמ' קלד[ תפוחי אדמה, אבל אדמו"ר 19 הגדה, הגש"פ עם ליקוטי טעמים ומנהגים. מהר"ש לא היה שבע רצון מזה". 29 Yachatz the words al shum for the second time. • Break the middle matzah into two. (This should • When saying Maror Zeh, place your hands on be done when it is in its place inside the kaarah.) the maror and chazeres until saying the words al 30 Set aside the larger piece for the afikoman, and shum for the second time. leave the smaller piece between the other two • Before reciting Lefichach, cover the matzah and matzos.20 lift your cup of wine, holding it until the words 31 • The Rebbe Rashab would break the afikoman venomar lefanav halelukah. into five sections.21 • When reaching the berachah of Asher Ge’alanu, • It is not our custom for the children to “steal” the lift the cup again and hold it until the end of the 32 afikoman.22 berachah. • In the berachah of Asher ge’alanu (at the end Maggid of Maggid), say min hapsachim umin hazvachim • Before saying Hei Lachma Anya, uncover part of (instead of min hazvachim umin hapsachim). the matzah.23 • Recite the berachah of Borei Pri Hagafen and • After Hei Lachma Anya, move the kaarah to the drink the second cup, leaning to the left. It is side24 and pour the second cup of wine. This is preferable to drink the entire cup in one shot. followed by Mah Nishtanah. 33 • The children ask the Mah Nishtanah, saying it with Rachtzah the Yiddish translation. Afterwards, say it (along • Wash your hands, pouring water three times on with the Yiddish translation) quietly yourself as the right hand and then three times on the left well.25 hand, and say the berachah of Al Netilas Yadayim. • Next, bring the kaarah back to its place and • From this point until after korech, refrain from continue with Avadim Hayinu. saying anything unrelated to eating the matzah 34 • The matzah remains partially uncovered until Vehi and maror. She’amadah. Before saying Vehi She’amadah, Motzi-Matzah cover the matzah and then lift your cup of wine. • Hold all three matzos and say the berachah of When finished, put down the cup and then Hamotzi. Next, let the bottom matzah slip from uncover the matzah.26 your hands and recite the berachah of Al Achilas • We pour a bit of wine from the cup sixteen times: Matzah while holding the top two matzos. Have three times when saying dam va’eish vesimros in mind that this berachah also applies to the ashan, ten times when saying the ten Makos, and matzah that will be eaten by korech and to the another three times when saying Detzach adash afikoman.35 be’achav.