8 CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK in Order to Discuss
CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK In order to discuss and analyse the research, this chapter provides several essential theories needed about Scrabble, Zyzzyva, and Morphology. 2.1 SCRABBLE This section will introduce more about Scrabble to give readers deeper view and insight. Furthermore, this section will be discussing the history of Scrabble, explaining the game details, and finally elaborating the rules of playing the game. 2.1.1 The History of Scrabble Alfred Mosher Butts, an out-of-work architect from Poughkeepsie, New York, invented Scrabble during the Great Depression. Butts divided games into three categories: number games (dice and bingo), move games (chess and checkers), and word games (anagrams). He enjoyed anagrams and crosswords a lot that he created a game with both feature and named it LEXIKO, the game was later called CRISS CROSS WORDS (National Scrabble Association, 2012). 8 9 Figure 2.1 Alfred Mosher Butts Originally, the game was played by forming words using letter tiles and placing them on a crossword-concept board, the length of the word determined the score. After Burr studied the letter occurrence on the front page of the New York Times, the point of each letter tile was valued based on the frequency of the letters appeared in that newspaper (Halpern & Wai, 2007). 10 Figure 2.2 Criss Cross Words,an early version of Scrabble game Butts’ invention has been rejected by several established game manufactures until he met James Brunot, a game-loving entrepreneur who liked the concept and the idea of the game. They both finally made some refinements on the rules and the name SCRABBLE was created.
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