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Diciembre 2019 REUNIÓN ERFEN DICIEMBRE 2019 Estaciones Datos obtenidos por boyas ARGO y 10millas. ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón Temperatura Superficial del Mar Datos obtenidos por boyas ARGO y 10millas. ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón 18 Octubre – 1 Noviembre 1 – 15 Noviembre Temperatura Superficial del Mar Datos obtenidos por boyas ARGO y 10millas. ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón 15 – 29 Noviembre 29 Noviembre – 13 Diciembre Temperatura Superficial del Mar ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón Distribución Vertical Temporal (10MI) PUERTO LOPEZ PUERTO Anomalías PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Distribución Vertical Temporal (10MI) SALINAS Anomalías PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Distribución Vertical Temporal (10MI) SALINAS ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón PUERTO LOPEZ PUERTO Distribución Temporal CM y Z20 (10MI) SALINAS 0,00 5,00 10,00 15,00 20,00 25,00 30,00 35,00 Profundidad 40,00 45,00 50,00 55,00 MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC CAPA DE MEZCLA (m) 6,98 19,18 8,71 15,20 20,27 16,78 32,53 29,32 23,34 23,40 4,90 11,57 22,34 20,18 18,83 10,36 27,16 19,63 25,84 8,45 NIVEL Z20 (m) 23,23 33,90 23,40 24,05 32,52 19,92 36,88 39,20 50,51 41,39 12,78 29,42 45,16 34,81 29,23 15,73 40,73 26,69 41,93 37,94 PUERTO LOPEZ 0,00 5,00 10,00 PESCA 15,00 • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA 20,00 • Maricultura 25,00 • Merluza 30,00 • Cangrejo • Camarón Profundidad 35,00 40,00 45,00 50,00 MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC CAPA DE MEZCLA (m) 12,27 11,22 10,53 20,47 29,26 18,61 37,48 28,05 20,91 3,34 9,38 19,90 28,30 23,88 19,08 12,77 25,20 30,21 16,73 NIVEL Z20 (m) 20,23 24,05 33,46 29,51 32,34 23,09 43,64 44,10 46,64 10,96 21,63 39,27 34,26 34,25 33,39 32,64 29,18 43,51 33,34 Salinas PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Puerto LópezPuerto PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Salinas Octubre vs Noviembre vs Diciembre 2019 PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Puerto López Octubre vs Noviembre vs Diciembre 2019 PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón RESUMEN TSM ATSM CM Z20 Noviembre 24.3 +0.8 25.8 41.9 SALINAS Diciembre 24.3 +0.6 8.5 37.9 PUERTO Noviembre 24.4 +0.4 30.2 43.5 LOPEZ Diciembre 24.5 -0.3 16.7 33.3 ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón QUIMICA Diciembre 2019 PTO LOPEZ SALINAS Se registraron concentraciones de oxígeno disuelto entre 5.0 y 5.5 ml.l-1 hasta aproximadamente los 20 metros en ambas localidades , a nivel subsuperficial la isolínea de 2.0 ml.l-1 Se ubicó alrededor de los 60m en Pto López y Salinas. PTO LOPEZ SALINAS En la capa superficial se registraron concentraciones de aproximadamente 2 unidades y un aporte constante de nutrientes desde las capas subsuperficiales para ambas localidades que llegó hasta los 20m. PTO LOPEZ SALINAS Intensos procesos fotosintéticos se generaron en ambas estaciones de acuerdo a la UAO (-0.9) y una marcada remineralización entre 20 y 50 m PTO LOPEZ SALINAS FITOPLANCTON Diciembre 2019 Puerto López Redes Botella (0 – 100 m) 600000 Noviembre Diciembre 500000 400000 /l 300000 Cél 200000 100000 0 0 10 25 42 55 64 Puerto López Superficie Columna de agua Puerto López Salinas Especies más abundantes de diciembre del 2019 600000 500000 (BOTELLA 0 – 100m) Nitzschia longissima 400000 Rhizosolenia hebetata Leptocylindrus danicus 300000 Cél/l Guinardia striata Scrippsiella trochoidea 200000 Thalassiosira subtilis Dactyliosolen fragilissimus 100000 0 0 10 30 50 75 100 SALINAS (A. SUPERFICIAL) SALINAS (A. VERTICAL) Leptocylindrus danicus Rhizosolenia hebetata Chaetoceros pendulus Ceratium massiliense Leptocylindrus danicus Chaetoceros lorenzianus Rhizosolenia setigera Climacodium frauenfeldianum ACUACULTURA Proboscia alata Chaetoceros coarctatus • Maricultura Guinardia striata Ceratium trichoceros • Camarón Ceratium trichoceros Rhizosolenia hebetata Chaetoceros coarctatus Thalassiosira subtilis 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 Cél/m3 Cél/m3 Unidad de Recursos, Oceanografía y Cambio Climático PUERTO LÓPEZ VARIACIÓN INTERANUAL (DICIEMBRE) 25000 20704 ) 20000 3 - 18890 16564 15000 9383 10775 10000 11416 5878 ABUNDANCIA (ORG.M ABUNDANCIA 5437 5000 ACUACULTURA1095 2750 3575• Maricultura 3211 0 • Camarón 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2016 2017 2018 2019 PUERTO LÓPEZ VARIACIÓN MENSUAL 2019 Sup Vert 16000 CN ? 14000 ) 3 - 12000 10000 CN 8000 6000 Abundancia Abundancia (org.m 4000 2000 0 Feb Mar Abr Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic PUERTO LÓPEZ GRUPOS Y ESPECIES DOMINANTES Penilia avirostris Creseis sp. SUPERFICIAL Oithona plumifera Oncaea media Oikopleura sp. Microcalanus sp. Otros Candacia curta <1% Oithona setigera Calanoida Evadne tergestina Sapphirina nigromaculata Branchiopoda 59% 4% Calanus sp. Hexanauplia Canthocalanus pauper Sagittoidea 87% Temora discaudata 9% Sagitta sp. Cyclopoida Subeucalanus sp. 12% Copepodito Subeucalanus pileatus 16% Centropages furcatus Undinula vulgaris 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Abundancia (org.m-3) Undinula vulgaris COLUMNA DE AGUA (50-0m) Candacia curta Calanus sp. Furcilia Otros 14% Oithona plumifera Copepodito Oikopleura sp. Malacostraca Calanoida Hexanauplia 23% 8% 25% 58% Subeucalanus pileatus Hydrozoa 6% Temora discaudata Sagittoidea Cyclopoida 10% 9% Sagitta sp. Subeucalanus sp. Appendicularia 5% 0 50 100 150 200 Abundancia del zooplancton en la estación de Salinas de febrero a diciembre del 2019 diciembre PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón ICTIOPLANCTON Diciembre 2019 Puerto López Superficie Columna de agua ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón Salinas Superficie Columna de agua ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón Puerto López Superficie Columna de agua PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón Salinas Superficie Columna de agua PESCA • Peces Pelágicos Pequeños ACUACULTURA • Merluza • Maricultura • Cangrejo • Camarón CONCLUSIONES DICIEMBRE FISICA En el mes de diciembre 2019, a diez millas costa afuera frente a las poblaciones de Puerto López y Salinas, la estructura vertical térmica y halina, fue observada ligeramente recuperada con respecto al mes anterior, pero aún con anomalías cálidas entre los 30-50 metros de profundidad. QUIMICA El flujo de nutrientes hacia la superficie fertilizó la columna de agua generando procesos de consumo y regeneración, que fueron más intensos en Puerto López, condiciones optimas para los primeros niveles tróficos y consecuentemente en la productividad del sistema. FITOPLANCTON Puerto López, en diciembre se caracterizó por presentar las mayores concentraciones de los grupos fitoplanctónicos en la columna de agua, con dominio de las diatomeas. En tanto que a nivel superficial sobresalió Rhizosolenia imbricata y Chaetoceros coarctatus, esta última presente en ambos arrastres. CONCLUSIONES DICIEMBRE FITOPLANCTON En los diferentes estratos de la columna de agua (0 a 100m) se observó cambios en la dominancias de las especies, encontrando de 0 a 30 m, a Dactyliosolen fragilissimus, Guinardia striata y Nitzschia longissima (especies cosmopolitas, de aguas enriquecidas y templadas a cálidas) como las más representativas. Mientras tanto que, en los demás niveles sobresalió Meuniera membranacea. En Salinas, el fitoplancton registró densidades muy bajas. Las especies con abundancias representativas fueron las diatomeas; Dactyliosolen fragilissimus, en botella, Thalassiosira subtilis botella y columna; Chaetoceros coarctatus, y el dinoflagelado Ceratium trichoceros en superficie. Especies marinas, neríticas, cosmopolitas en aguas templadas y tropicales a excepción de T. subtilis que es de aguas subtropicales. ZOOPLANCTON Las concentraciones del zooplancton en Puerto López, aumentaron 5 veces con respecto al mes anterior, con presencia de especies de afinidad tropical con predominancia de aguas oceánicas. Tanto en superficieACUACULTURA como en la columna de agua se observó gran cantidad de copépodos calanoida• Maricultura y estadio de copepodito. Los copépodos mas representativos fueron Undinula• Camarón vulgaris , Centropages furcatus, Subeucalanus pileatus, Temora discaudata, además del grupo de las sagittas y apendicularios. La presencia de radiolarios de la familia Aulosphaeridae fue mínima. CONCLUSIONES DICIEMBRE ZOOPLANCTON En la segunda quincena de diciembre en Salinas, disminuyo la abundancia del zooplancton en el nivel de 0m, pero se incremento en la columna de agua con respecto a noviembre, contribuyendo en mayor grado los copépodos Eucalanus pileatus y Oncaea venusta, especies de aguas costeras y oceánica, respectivamente. Lo que indicaría una mezcla de masas de aguas tropicales oceánica con aguas costera. ICTIOPLANCTON En Puerto López, se observó una mayor abundancia de huevos y larvas de peces con respecto al mes anterior tanto a nivel superficial como en columna de agua. En tanto que en Salinas, se registro bajas densidades en los dos niveles de estudio en comparación con noviembre. Las especie representativas fueron los pelágicos menores, con la presencia de huevos de Scomber japonicus (macarela) y Etrumeus teres (sardina redonda), y larvas de Botella (Auxis sp), ACUACULTURA • Maricultura • Camarón Gracias… Instituto Nacional de Pesca Instituto Nacional de Pesca InpEcuador [email protected] .
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