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Russell of What to Do with the Pups
with their lives. To meet that challenge, At first most trips were north to the Gorman Texas A&M College (as it was then called) Falls area and surrounding counties; soon offered Bill’s father a teaching position in adventurous cavers realized there was great the Geology Department. He accepted the potential in West Texas. Edwards County offer, and the family—father, mother, Bill, with caves like the Devil’s Sinkhole, Dunbar, and newly arrived little brother Philip, moved and Felton became a common objective. [. .] to Bryan, which would be Bill’s home until It was great fun and we were hugely creative he graduated from high school. with our equipment, primitive though it now Home life was tranquil, both emotion- might seem. […] ally and acoustically. The acoustics resulted At the Carlsbad NSS convention in from Bill’s parents not buying a TV until both 1960, Texans discovered SRT [single rope brothers went off to UT. There was, however, technique], and the world changed. A vicious no lack of stimulus since, with no TV, family fight rocked the UT Grotto as the more members could actually read. In between conservative denounced the unsafe new meals, there was a living room lined with methods. But the word was out: a small books, not to mention a set of Compton’s group could push the deepest caves then Encyclopedia. known; elaborate expeditions were no longer Bill’s parents, rather than being heli- necessary. copter parents, were helipad parents, who Then we discovered Mexico. Cars, launched the brothers out the door for parts trucks, third class Mexican busses, and unknown. -
Part 2 Markings Colonial -1865, Which, While Not Comprehen- Sive, Has the Advantage of Including Postal Markings As by Len Mcmaster Well As Early Postmasters6
38 Whole Number 242 Hampshire County West Virginia Post Offices Part 2 Markings Colonial -1865, which, while not comprehen- sive, has the advantage of including postal markings as By Len McMaster well as early postmasters6. Previously I discussed a little of the history of Hamp- Thus I have attempted to identify the approximate shire County, described the source of the data and the location and dates of operation of the post offices es- conventions used in the listings, and began the listing of tablished in Hampshire County, explaining, where pos- the post offices from Augusta through Green Valley sible, the discrepancies or possible confusion that ex- Depot. The introduction is repeated here. ists in the other listings. Because of the length of the material, it has been broken up into three parts. This Introduction part will include the balance of the Hampshire county Several people have previously cataloged the Hamp- post office descriptions starting with Hainesville, and shire County West Virginia post offices, generally as the third part will include descriptions of the post of- part of a larger effort to list all the post offices of West fices in Mineral County today that were established in Virginia. Examples include Helbock’s United States Post Hampshire County before Mineral County was split off, Offices1 and Small’s The Post Offices of West Vir- and tables of all the post offices established in Hamp- ginia, 1792-19772. Confusing this study is that Hamp- shire County. shire County was initially split off from Virginia with Individual Post Office Location the establishment of many early post offices appearing in studies of Virginia post offices such as Abelson’s and History of Name Changes 3 Virginia Postmasters and Post Offices, 1789-1832 Hainesville (Haines Store) and Hall’s “Virginia Post Offices, 1798-1859”4; and that Hampshire County was itself eventually split into all or Hainesville was located near the crossroads of Old parts of five West Virginia counties, including its present Martinsburg Road (County Route 45/9) and Kedron day boundaries. -
Caving Humbles the Soul. Underground I Find Myself Doing Things That Are Unimaginable Topside,” Says Mark S
“Caving humbles the soul. Underground I find myself doing things that are unimaginable topside,” says Mark S. Cosslett, adventurer and photographer. 26 163/2003 Mark S. Cosslett Photographer/Adventurer IntoAdventure Canmore, Alberta Canada Reaching Uncharted Caves with the Aid of Accurate Carbon Dioxide Measurement What started as a faint vision nearly five years ago became a reality for our team of three cavers from Canmore, Alberta last January. The karst landscape of Northwest- ern Thailand holds vast treasures of uncharted cave passages, many of which, howev- er, are guarded by high concentrations of carbon dioxide. It was the nemesis of my previous expedition back in ’98 to explore new cave passages: our team invariably got turned around by carbon dioxide. After a lot of research into bad air in caves, we set out to Thailand better equipped this time, carrying lightweight oxygen bottles and a Vaisala CARBOCAP® Hand-Held Carbon Dioxide Meter GM70. arbon dioxide (CO2) is a made us turn back, happy to deadly gas in high con- reach the surface alive. C centrations, which dis- places oxygen and results in rap- If you get into bad air, id asphyxiation. When entering you turn around uncharted passages, high carbon Upon returning home from our dioxide concentrations are one ’98 expedition, all I could think of the risks that cavers face, since about was what was around that an elevated CO2 level can also next corner in the depths of impair one’s judgment. Howev- Thailand. Within 24 hours of er, reliable methods to measure getting off the plane, I was at the CO2 on cave expeditions have library researching carbon diox- been scarce. -
Lucan's Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulf
Lucan’s Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2014 Reading Committee: Catherine Connors, Chair Alain Gowing Stephen Hinds Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Classics © Copyright 2014 Laura Zientek University of Washington Abstract Lucan’s Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Catherine Connors Department of Classics This dissertation is an analysis of the role of landscape and the natural world in Lucan’s Bellum Civile. I investigate digressions and excurses on mountains, rivers, and certain myths associated aetiologically with the land, and demonstrate how Stoic physics and cosmology – in particular the concepts of cosmic (dis)order, collapse, and conflagration – play a role in the way Lucan writes about the landscape in the context of a civil war poem. Building on previous analyses of the Bellum Civile that provide background on its literary context (Ahl, 1976), on Lucan’s poetic technique (Masters, 1992), and on landscape in Roman literature (Spencer, 2010), I approach Lucan’s depiction of the natural world by focusing on the mutual effect of humanity and landscape on each other. Thus, hardships posed by the land against characters like Caesar and Cato, gloomy and threatening atmospheres, and dangerous or unusual weather phenomena all have places in my study. I also explore how Lucan’s landscapes engage with the tropes of the locus amoenus or horridus (Schiesaro, 2006) and elements of the sublime (Day, 2013). -
“A People Who Have Not the Pride to Record Their History Will Not Long
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE i “A people who have not the pride to record their History will not long have virtues to make History worth recording; and Introduction no people who At the rear of Old Main at Bethany College, the sun shines through are indifferent an arcade. This passageway is filled with students today, just as it was more than a hundred years ago, as shown in a c.1885 photograph. to their past During my several visits to this college, I have lingered here enjoying the light and the student activity. It reminds me that we are part of the past need hope to as well as today. People can connect to historic resources through their make their character and setting as well as the stories they tell and the memories they make. future great.” The National Register of Historic Places recognizes historic re- sources such as Old Main. In 2000, the State Historic Preservation Office Virgil A. Lewis, first published Historic West Virginia which provided brief descriptions noted historian of our state’s National Register listings. This second edition adds approx- Mason County, imately 265 new listings, including the Huntington home of Civil Rights West Virginia activist Memphis Tennessee Garrison, the New River Gorge Bridge, Camp Caesar in Webster County, Fort Mill Ridge in Hampshire County, the Ananias Pitsenbarger Farm in Pendleton County and the Nuttallburg Coal Mining Complex in Fayette County. Each reveals the richness of our past and celebrates the stories and accomplishments of our citizens. I hope you enjoy and learn from Historic West Virginia. -
Cave Diving in the Northern Pennines
CAVE DIVING IN THE NORTHERN PENNINES By M.A.MELVIN Reprinted from – The proceedings of the British Speleological Association – No.4. 1966 BRITISH SPELEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION SETTLE, YORKS. CAVE DIVING IN THE NORTHERN PENNINES By Mick Melvin In this paper I have endeavoured to trace the history and development of cave diving in the Northern Pennines. My prime object has been to convey to the reader a reasonable understanding of the motives of the cave diver and a concise account of the work done in this particular area. It frequently occurs that the exploration of a cave is terminated by reason of the cave passage becoming submerged below water (A sump) and in many cases the sink or resurgence for the water will be found to be some distance away, and in some instances a considerable difference in levels will be present. Fine examples of this occurrence can be found in the Goyden Pot, Nidd Head's drainage system in Nidderdale, and again in the Alum Pot - Turn Dub, drainage in Ribblesdale. It was these postulated cave systems and the success of his dives in Swildons Hole, Somerset, that first brought Graham Balcombe to the large resurgence of Keld Head in Kingsdale in 1944. In a series of dives carried out between August 1944 and June 1945, Balcombe penetrated this rising for a distance of over 200 ft. and during the course of the dive entered at one point a completely waterbound chamber containing some stalactites about 5' long, but with no way on above water level. It is interesting to note that in these early cave dives in Yorkshire the diver carried a 4' probe to which was attached a line reel, a compass, and his lamp which was of the miners' type, and attached to the end of the probe was a tassle of white tape which was intended for use as a current detector. -
Interview with John Ackerrman July, 2003
Interview with John around, which was about 1987. By The Stewartville will lead you effec- then the land had changed owners tively down to the water table Ackerrman July, 2003 three or four times and the current because that's about as low as you owner had invited me out to this will go. You'll usually find a stream Aaron: John, please tell us how you property, not only to visit this cave or a river at that level and so, in got into cave digging in Minnesota? once again because he was natural- most of my seventeen caves that ly curious, but to also determine if I've discovered on my property, you John: O.K. Well that's a good ques- any other caves could be found in will find a river or stream passage tion. I guess the reason why I got one of forty-five or fifty sinkholes on down below them. into cave digging in Minnesota is his property. So I ended up buying because there are very few caves roughly half the farm from him back Aaron: What age are these rocks? that have been discovered in this then and expanded Spring Valley area. So really, cave digging Caverns from a half a mile to over John: 400 - 600 million years old. became a necessity to find caves. five and a half miles. Ordovician aged. Aaron: How many caves did Aaron: Was that all from one Aaron: Are there formations in these Minnesota have naturally before entrance or did you dig open other caves? people started digging? entrances? John: Oh yeah, we have one forma- John: Well, you know, even though John: I found over five miles by tion that was found recently that's we may have thousands and thou- sticking to one project within the considered the largest column in this sands of sinkholes, we have very cave for almost a year. -
National Speleologi'c-Al Society
Bulletin Number Five NATIONAL SPELEOLOGI'C-AL SOCIETY n this Issue: CAVES IN WORLD HISTORY . B ~ BERT MORGAN THE GEM OF CAVES' . .. .. • B DALE WHITE CA VE FAUN A, with Recent Additions to the Lit ture Bl J. A. FOWLER CAT ALOG OF THE SOCIETY LJBR R . B)' ROBERT S. BRAY OCTOBER, 1943 PRJ E 1.0 0 . ------------------------------------------- .-'~ BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Issue Number Five October, 1943 750 Copies. 64 Pages Published sporadically by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 510 Scar Building, Washington, D. c., ac $1.00 per copy. Copyrighc, 1943, by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. EDITOR: DON BLOCH 5606 Sonoma Road, Bethesda-14, Maryland ASSOCIATE EDITORS: ROBERT BRAY WILLIAM J. STEPHENSON J. S. PETRIE OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN *WM. ]. STEPHENSON J. S. PETR'IE *LEROY FOOTE F. DURR President Vice·Prcsidet1l & Secretary Treasurer Pina~iaJ Sect'eIM"J 7108 Prospect Avenue 400 S. Glebe Road R. D. 3 2005 Kansas Avenue Richmond, Va. Arlin-glon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Richmond, Va. Archeology Fauna Hydrology Programs &. Activities FLOYD BARLOGA JAMES FOWLER DR. WM. M. MCGILL DR. JAMES BENN 202·8 Lee Boulevard 6420 14th Street 6 Wayside Place, University U. S. Nat. Museum Arlington, Va. Washington, D . C. Charlottesville, Va. Washington, D. C. Bibliography &. Library Finance Mapping PubliCity *ROBERT BRAY *l.EROY FOOTB GBORGE CRABB *·Lou KLBWEJ.t R. F. D. 2 R. F. D. 3 P. O. Box 791 Toledo Blade Herndon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Blacksburg, Va. Toledo, Ohio BuIletin &. Publications Folklore Metnbership DON BLOCH "'CLAY PERRY SAM ALLBN RECORDS 5606 Sonoma Road East Acres 1226 Wel.Jesley Avenue *FLORENCE WHITLI!Y Deorhesda, Md. -
Caving “Mystery, Adventure, Discovery, Beauty, Conservation, Danger
33104-24.jo_iw_jo 12/11/03 1:28 PM Page 392 33104-24.jo_iw_jo 12/11/03 1:28 PM Page 393 24 Caving “Mystery, adventure, discovery, beauty, conservation, danger. To many who are avid cavers and speleologists, caves are all of these things and many more, too.” —David R. McClurg (caver, subterranean photographer, caving skills instructor, and longtime member of the National Speleological Society), The Amateur’s Guide to Caves and Caving, 1973 Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a magnificent realm darker than a moonless night. No rain falls. No storms rage. The seasons never change. Other than the ripple of hidden streams and the occasional splash of dripping water, this underground world is silent, yet it is not without life. Bats fly with sure reckoning through mazes of tunnels, and eyeless creatures scurry about. Transparent fish stir the waters of underground streams, and the darkness is home to tiny organisms seldom seen in broad daylight. This is the world of the cave, as beautiful, alien, and remote as the glaciated crests of lofty mountains. Just as climbers are tempted by summits that rise far above familiar ground, cavers are drawn into a subterranean wilderness every bit as exciting and remarkable as any place warmed by the rays of the sun. Water is the most common force involved in the creation of caves. As it seeps through the earth, moisture can dissolve limestone, gypsum, and other sedimentary rock. Surf pounding rocky cliffs can, over the centuries, carve out sea caves of spectacular shape and dimension. The surface of lava flowing from a volcanic eruption can cool and harden while molten rock runs out below it, leaving behind lava tubes. -
Memorials of a Half-Century: a Machine-Readable Transcription
Library of Congress Memorials of a half-century 2194 War Department RECEIVED July 25, 1887, LIBRARY. MEMORIALS OF A HALF-CENTURY BY BELA HUBBARD “I have been a great feast, and stolen the sraps.” Love's Labor Lost.— SHAKES. “...various, that the mind Of desultory man, studious of change, And pleased with novelty, might be indulg'd.” The Task.— COWPER. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS NEW YORK & LONDON G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS The Knickerbocker Press 1887 copy 2 F566 .-87 copy 2 COPYRIGHT BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS 1887 By transfer OCT 9 1915 Press of G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS New York “The notes of a single observer, even in a limited district, describing accurately its features, civil, natural and social, are of more interests, and often of more value, than the grander view and boarder generalizations of history. “In a country whose character and circumstances are constantly changing, the little facts and incidents, which are the life history, soon pass from the minds of the present generation.”— Anon v PREFACE. War Department LIBRARY. Memorials of a half-century http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.21049 Library of Congress The writer came to Michigan, a youth, in the spring of 1835, and settled in the town of Springwells, two miles from the western limits of Detroit, then a city of less than 500 inhabitants. On or near the spot of his first abode, upon the banks of our noble river, he has dwelt for half a century, and until the spreading city has absorbed the intervening farms. Even a few years ago his present residence was so completely in the country, that the familiar rural sights and sounds were but little banished. -
Guide to Responsible Caving
Published by the National Speleological Society Photo by Ryan Maurer 1 A Guide to Responsible Caving National Speleological Society 6001 Pulaski Pike Huntsville, AL 35810-1122 256-852-1300 • [email protected] www.caves.org Fifth Edition, 2016 Text: Cheryl Jones Design: Mike Dale/Switchback Design Photos: Selected from those accepted for show in the 2015 NSS Photo Salon Printing: Terry Raines Copies of this Guide may be obtained through the National Speleological Society website. www.caves.org © Copyright 2016, National Speleological Society FOREWORD aving can be a rewarding, safe, and fun activity when you are properly trained, equipped, and Cprepared. But there is more to being a “real” caver than having the correct skills and gear: you also must be a responsible caver. This means you show respect for the cave, and its challenges, environment, and creatures, as well as for cave owners and their property. This is critical to preserving the cave wilderness and keeping caves open to cavers for years to come. In this booklet, the National Speleological Society (NSS) provides an introduction to becoming a responsible caver. We hope these guidelines will help make your ventures underground safe and enjoyable, and pave the way for you to become a respected member of the caving community. I encourage you to join a local chapter of the NSS to develop your skills and knowledge with experienced cavers and speleologists, and become a part of the caving community. This is the fifth edition of my original booklet, A Guide to Responsible Caving. A special thank-you to my fellow cavers for their hard work and dedication: Cheryl Jones for revising and editing this publication and Michael Dale for the design and layout. -
The Wessex Hut Sinking Fund - Aubrey Newport
Wessex Cave Club Journal 352 October 2019 145 Wessex Cave Club Journal Volume 35 October 2019 President: Donald Thomson Page Contents Vice Presidents: Sid Perou Derek Ford 147 Editorial James Hanwell 147 Library Additions 148 - 150 Red De Silencio Chairman: Les Williams 150 - 152 Painting Wookey Hole 51 Churchill Road East 152 - 154 Another Well WELLS 154 - 155 Vurley Swallet Part 3 BA5 3HU 155 - 156 Viaduct Sink 01749 679839 157 The Wessex Club Hut Sinking Fund [email protected] 157 - 158 Snake Pit Secretary: Frank Tully 158 2nd Saturday Trips 16 Bedminster Road 159 –160 Caving where it’s cold Bedminster 160 - 161 Fred Remembers BRISTOL 162 - 163 The Cave that didn’t want to be found BS3 5PD 164 - 167 Cantabria Log Book Extracts 07890 862709 [email protected] Treasurer: Becky Varns [email protected] Diary Journal Editor: Richard M Carey 2nd Saturday 12th October Singing River Mine [email protected] October 19th AGM & Dinner Hut Administration: Colin Shapter 2nd Saturday November 9th Digging Special HQ Warden: John M Cooper 2nd Saturday December 14th Xmas Special Membership Secretary: Paula Grgich-Warke 24 – 26 January 2020 Devon Meet Caving Secretary: Wayne Starsmore Sales Officer: John Osborne Tackle Officer: Paul Wilman Ordinary Members: Hut Bookings Michael Kousiounis Tom Thomson Thanks to Ali Moody for all her work keeping the hut Hut bookings: Ali Moody bookings well managed. For details please refer to Librarian: Phil Hendy Diary page on the Website. Webmaster: Mike Kousiounis ISSN 0083-811X Membership News Headquarters Welcome to: Upper Pitts, Eastwater Lane, Louise Hull Matt Randall Priddy Nejezchleb Vladimir Ing Rocio Luna Vital WELLS (Vlad) Simon Kay BA5 3AX 01749 672 310 Opinions expressed in this journal are not necessarily =================== ====================== those of the club or any of its officers.