South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document

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PUBLICATION PLAN RESPONSE

SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE SITE ALLOCATIONS DOCUMENT

LAND OFF ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD

ON BEHALF OF BLOOR HOMES

TOWN & COUNTRY PLANNING ACT 1990 (AS AMENDED) PLANNING AND COMPULSORY PURCHASE ACT 2004

Prepared by: Pegasus Group

Pegasus Group

©Copyright Pegasus Planning Group Limited 2011. The contents of this document must not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part without the written consent of Pegasus Planning Group Limited

Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

CONTENTS:

Page No:

1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 2 3. METHODOLOGY AND SITE SELECTION 10 4. BREWOOD 11 5. LAND AT ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD 12 6. CONCLUSION 18

APPENDICES:

APPENDIX 1: ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS & OPPORTUNITIES REPORT APPENDIX 2: ACCESS TECHNICAL NOTE APPENDIX 3: FLOOD RISK STATEMENT APPENDIX 4: HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT APPENDIX 5: ILLUSTRATIVE MASTERPLAN

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 These representations are made by Pegasus Group on behalf of Bloor Homes Limited to the South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document (SAD) Publication Plan. This representation relates to land at Engleton Lane, Brewood (Site Ref: 054).

1.2 These representations respond to the emerging policies and allocations, having regard to the national and local policy context. The representations also provide comment in respect of the evidence base that underpins the emerging Site Allocations Document and the methodology and approach to site selection, making reference to representations submitted on behalf of Bloor Homes at earlier stages in the formulation of the Plan.

1.3 The representations are framed in the context of the requirements of the South Staffordshire SAD to be legally compliant and sound. The tests of soundness are set out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), paragraph 182. For a Plan to be sound it must be:

 Positively Prepared – the plan should be prepared on a strategy which seeks to meet objectively assessed development and infrastructure requirements, including unmet requirements from neighbouring authorities where it is reasonable to do so and consistent with achieving sustainable development;

 Justified – the plan should be the most appropriate strategy, when considered against the reasonable alternatives, based on proportionate evidence;

 Effective – the plan should be deliverable over its period and based on effective joint working on cross boundary strategic priorities; and

 Consistent with National Policy – the plan should enable the delivery of sustainable development in accordance with the policies in the Framework.

1.4 The representations also have regard to the Government’s recently published White Paper which places emphasis on planning for the right number of homes in the right places, in particular making enough land available and assessing housing requirements.

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2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.1 It is recognised that the SAD is intended to deliver the spatial strategy set out in the Core Strategy, adopted by the Council in December 2012. The Core Strategy sets out a hierarchy of settlements and a spatial strategy of dispersing growth across the District, with the majority of development being focussed to the Main Service Villages, including Brewood.

2.2 Within these villages a choice of housing will be delivered to meet local needs, whilst recognising the constraints that impact upon the District, including affordable housing, with extra care and specialist housing being regarded as a priority. The Core Strategy recognises that development to meet the District’s housing need will be required outside the existing development boundaries of a number of settlements. Core Policy 1 of the Core Strategy confirms that Green Belt release will be required around some of the villages to deliver the Council’s housing requirement 2006 to 2028.

Housing Requirement

2.3 The Core Strategy identifies, through Core Policy 6 (Housing Delivery) a minimum requirement to deliver 3,850 net new homes within the District between 2006 and 2028. This equates to delivery of 175 new homes per annum. Core Policy 6 then provides greater detail as to how the housing requirement will be delivered across the Locality Areas. This includes the provision of a minimum of 129 dwellings within Locality Area 2 between 2010 and 2028 within which Brewood is located. The Housing Background Topic Paper published alongside the Publication Plan has identified 12 commitments in the period 2010 to December 2015, leaving a residual requirement of 53 dwellings to deliver within the Plan period.

2.4 It is recognised that net housing completion rates within the Plan period have often exceeded the annual minimum requirement established through the Core Strategy, however site opportunities outside of the Green Belt are becoming significantly diminished.

2.5 In addition to the reduction in deliverable supply, concern is raised that the housing requirement contained within the Core Strategy has not been informed by the consideration of the full objectively assessed housing need (FOAN) for the District. Instead, the Core Strategy requirement has been derived from the West Midlands Regional Spatial Strategy (WMRSS) Phase Two Revision Panel Report.

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2.6 The Government’s imperative to boost significantly the supply of housing is set out clearly in paragraph 47 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). This requires local planning authorities to ensure their local plans meet the full, objectively assessed needs for market and affordable housing in the housing market area, consistent with the policies set out in the Framework.

2.7 In relation to establishing a housing requirement, paragraphs 50, 158 and 159 of the NPPF set out a number of matters which should be taken into account. Local Planning Authorities should ensure that their assessment of, and strategies for housing, employment and other uses are integrated and they take full account of relevant market and economic signals. In order to assess full housing needs, there is a need to take account of evidence of current and future demographic trends, market trends and the needs of different groups in the community. Paragraph 159 explains that this means:

 Meeting household and population projections, taking account of migration and demographic change;

 Addressing the need for all types of housing including affordable housing and the need of different groups in the community;

 Catering for housing demand and the scale of housing to meet this demand.

2.8 On 6 March 2014 the Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG) launched the Planning Practice Guidance (PPG). This was accompanied by a Written Ministerial Statement which included a list of the previous planning practice guidance documents cancelled when the website was launched.

2.9 The PPG seeks to explain further elements set out in the NPPF. With respect to the objective assessment of housing need, it makes the following points amongst others:

 Household projections provide the starting point of overall housing need;

 They may require adjustment for example to reflect previously suppressed household formation rates;

 It is relevant to take account of the likely change in job numbers.

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2.10 The recently published White Paper recognises that over 40% of local planning authorities do not have a plan that meets the projected growth in households in their area. South Staffordshire District Council falls into this category.

2.11 It is understood that the Council, in conjunction with the Black Country Authorities, has now undertaken a SHMA to consider the Full Objectively Assessed Need (FOAN) for the period 2016 to 2036, however this work remains unpublished and the FOAN remains unestablished. It is noted that the Council is instead seeking to rely on the minimum housing requirement of 175 dpa identified through the adopted Core Strategy. Whilst there is likely to be a significant level of criticism raised that this element of the evidence base is missing, it is clear that land needs to be taken out of the Green Belt as soon as possible to boost and enable a continuous supply of housing to meet needs in the short term. Therefore, the production of the SAD provides the most expeditious route to significantly boosting housing land supply in line with Government policy.

2.12 Whilst the production of this second tier Local Plan is supported as a mechanism by which to remove land from the Green Belt and boost housing land supply within the immediate future, progression of the SAD should not delay the publication of the Joint SHMA or be at the expense of an early review of the Local Plan. It is necessary for the SAD to set out a clear commitment in policy to establishing the FOAN and reviewing the spatial development strategy for meeting this requirement and clear milestones for undertaking this work.

2.13 Proposed Policy SAD 1 provides a commitment to undertake an early review of the Local Plan. This review is to be informed by the consideration of the FOAN and the distribution of any housing shortfall across the wider Housing Market Area. This approach is supported by Bloor Homes, however, the policy itself needs to provide clarity and certainty in respect of the following:

 The date for when the FOAN is to be established;

 The date by which a Memorandum of Understanding to deal with the distribution of growth and unmet need for the Greater Birmingham Housing Market Area will be signed; and

 The date for adoption of an updated Local Plan.

2.14 Whilst paragraph 6.11 of the Publication Plan establishes an ‘aim’ to adopt a New Local Plan for South Staffordshire by 2022, this commitment should be

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strengthened and incorporated within a redrafted version of Policy SAD1 to ensure that the FOAN is established and any unmet housing need that is determined through a review of the appropriate housing requirement can be delivered expeditiously.

2.15 It is not considered necessary to link the timescales of the Local Plan review as a whole to that of the Black Country Core Strategy as set out at paragraph 6.14. Whilst it is appropriate to work collaboratively with other authorities in the preparation of an evidence base, the South Staffordshire District Council Local Plan Review should be brought forward without delay and should not be constrained by the timing of other emerging plans, the timing of which is outside the control of South Staffordshire District Council.

2.16 The timescales for such a review should instead be aligned to the evidence that exists of unmet needs across the Greater Birmingham Housing Market Area (including South Staffordshire) and the adopted Birmingham Development Plan (BDP).

2.17 Council’s reference to the emerging cross boundary evidence being undertaken in respect of the Birmingham Housing Market Area is welcomed. It is relevant that there will be a shortfall in housing provision within the Greater Birmingham Housing Market Area (HMA), within which South Staffordshire falls. This is clearly evidenced in the Joint Housing Study commissioned by the GBSLEP and Black Country Authorities.

2.18 The issue of housing need arising in Birmingham which cannot be met within the city’s boundaries is not a new issue historically. In its recent iteration, it has been clear for at least 5 years that there is a significant level of unmet housing need arising in Birmingham for which provision should be made. This unmet need is the single largest component of housing growth in the West Midlands, and is a key driver in the growth of the region generally.

2.19 The scale of the unmet need, whilst not confirmed until very recently, has been known for some time. This situation led to the agreement between Birmingham City Council and those Councils in the Housing Market Area (HMA) whose emerging plans were under examination at the time, that the matter could be dealt with subsequent to the adoption of these plans. The use of a policy which promised an early review of the plans from those Councils that might contribute

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to meeting the unmet need became the accepted method of dealing with the emerging issue of the unmet housing needs of Birmingham.

2.20 The Birmingham Development Plan (BDP) was adopted on 10th January 2017. Its adoption has given very significant weight to a housing deficit in terms of un-met need of 37,900 dwellings over the period 2011-2031. The BDP also commits Birmingham City Council to working actively with neighbouring Councils through the Duty to Cooperate to ensure that appropriate provision is made elsewhere within the HMA to meet the shortfall of 37,900 dwellings.

2.21 The BDP also places detailed and significant requirements on the City Council, in Policy TP48, setting out how this active involvement in the provision and delivery of the 37,900 should be satisfied. It states:

The Council will also play an active role in promoting, and monitor progress in, the provision and delivery of the 37,900 homes required elsewhere in the Greater Birmingham Housing Market Area to meet the shortfall in the city. This will focus on:

. The progress of neighbouring Councils in undertaking Local Plan reviews to deliver housing growth to meet Birmingham’s needs.

. The progress of neighbouring Councils in delivering the housing targets set out in their plans.

. The extent to which a 5 year housing land supply is maintained in neighbouring areas.

2.22 Policy TP48 from the BDP then spells out the consequences of the failure of neighbouring Councils to plan for this unmet need, in terms of the potential implications for the City itself:

If it becomes clear that progress is falling short of the level required, the Council will undertake a review of the reasons for this, and if this indicates that it is necessary to reassess the capacity for housing provision in Birmingham, a full or partial review of this Plan will be undertaken.

2.23 Finally, Policy TP48 sets out key indicators which would trigger this, including:

Failure of a relevant Council to submit a replacement or revised Local Plan, providing an appropriate contribution towards Birmingham’s housing needs, for examination within 3 years of the adoption of this Plan.

2.24 Therefore, it is fundamentally important that Policy SAD 1 be redrafted to explicitly commit the Council to submit a replacement or revised Local Plan for

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examination by January 2020 and to incorporate an appropriate contribution towards Birmingham’s housing needs, to align with the recently adopted BDP. This commitment will also assist in ensuring that homes can be delivered within South Staffordshire to meet the identified unmet housing needs by 2031 as set out in the currently drafted Policy SAD1.

Housing Supply

2.25 Policy SAD2 (the Housing Allocations) identifies the proposed housing allocations that are intended to deliver the housing requirement and spatial distribution of housing established within the Core Strategy.

2.26 The Housing Background Topic Paper that accompanies the Publication Plan sets out the housing land supply position at 1st April 2016, identifying completions of 2,450 new homes since 2006; a committed supply of 1,006 new homes; and a residual requirement to identify land for the delivery of 394 homes to 2028.

2.27 The proposed allocations set out in Policy SAD2 are assumed to be capable of delivering a minimum of 891 homes. Taken at face value, the proposed allocations provide an oversupply of 497 dwellings over the Plan period, however in reality some of these allocations may not result in a start or could be delayed to such an extent that delivery is pushed back beyond the Plan period. For example, landowners may not be willing to sell a site as the price that can be achieved is not what they want; a developer cannot secure finance or meet the terms of an option; there are supply chain constraints that hinder a site; or, there are unexpected constraints that render a site undeliverable.

2.28 The SAD provides an opportunity to provide a robust contingency to not only ensure delivery of the housing requirement established through the Core Strategy, but also to provide an uplift in housing delivery, over and above the minimum requirement established in the Core Strategy. This opportunity would provide the benefit of identifying additional housing land at a much earlier point in time than that which would result through a review of the Local Plan, providing much needed flexibility in the supply and ensuring a plan led approach can be maintained within the District upon publication of the SHMA and establishment of the FOAN.

2.29 Such flexibility could be provided through the introduction of reserve sites. This is an approach that has been endorsed by Inspector’s elsewhere, including within

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the Stratford on Avon Core Strategy. The Stratford on Avon Core Strategy makes provision, through Policy CS16 (Housing Development) to identify ‘Reserve Housing Sites’ through the Site Allocations Plan that have the capacity to deliver up to 20% of the total housing requirement within the Plan period. Bloor Homes consider this to be a pragmatic approach in providing flexibility to ensure housing needs are met and provides additional resilience in the Plan in case slippage is experienced through the Local Plan review process.

2.30 It is noted that the Council is currently unable to identify a five year housing land supply and this is highlighted in the Policy Team’s response to the recent planning application at Hobnock Road, Essington:

Whilst 5 years’ worth of housing supply can be demonstrated against the Core Strategy housing requirement, and as at 31st March 2016 the Council had oversupplied its target by 700 dwellings, this requirement figure is not based upon an assessment of the full objectively assessed needs of the housing market area, as required by NPPF paragraph 47. Therefore, with regard to the PPG and NPPF, it cannot be considered an up-to-date housing requirement for the purposes of measuring housing supply. As a result, the Council is unable to robustly demonstrate a 5 year supply of housing land to meet the requirements of paragraph 47 of the NPPF.

2.31 The scale of uplift should be informed by the evidence that is available. The most up to date information that is currently published is that which is contained within the GBSLEP and Black Country Joint Housing Study. This identifies, based on demographic projections alone, a requirement for 208 dwellings per annum. Bloor Homes consider that this level of uplift can be provided within the District, without undermining the spatial development strategy set out in the adopted Core Strategy. This would provide an approximate 20% uplift on the current Core Strategy requirement.

Green Belt

2.32 The spatial strategy for South Staffordshire requires the removal of land from the Green Belt. Green Belt release is required as soon as possible to ensure a continuous supply of housing land is available. Without Green Belt release in the immediate future, the Council’s ability to demonstrate a rolling five year supply of housing land (including appropriate buffer) will be significantly diminished. Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood is a site that is available now and deliverable.

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2.33 In addition, the Core Strategy, through Policy GB2, identifies the requirement to allocate safeguarded land to meet the longer term needs of the District beyond the current plan period (post 2028). This equates to the equivalent of 10 years supply of dwellings (based on the Core Strategy requirement of 175 dwellings per annum). The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) makes it clear that changes to the Green Belt boundary can only be made through the review of a Local Plan, as such it is entirely appropriate for the Council to be considering the Green Belt through the SAD. Paragraph 83 of the Framework is clear that should Green Belt boundaries be changed regard should be had for their permanence in the long term, so that they are capable of enduring beyond the current plan period. For these reasons the principle of identifying safeguarded sites, as set out in Policy SAD3, is consistent with national policy and supported. However, evidence suggests that an uplift should be applied to the housing land supply and this should also be reflected in any longer term requirements.

2.34 The Publication Plan rectifies the flawed calculation utilised by the Council at Preferred Options stage in determining the quantum of safeguarded land required to ensure the delivery of 175 dwellings per annum over a ten year period beyond the Plan. Bloor Homes supports the revised approach in assuming 30dph on a net developable site area of 70% in calculating the quantum of safeguarded land identified within the SAD. This approach is now consistent with the assumptions utilised for calculating the housing yield that will be achieved within the proposed housing allocations within the Plan period, having regard to the necessary open space, highways and drainage infrastructure that would be required to support residential development.

2.35 It should be noted that the White Paper sets out the Government’s proposals to amend national policy to make it clear that plans and development proposals should make efficient use of land. Whilst an assumption of 30dph on a net developable site area of 70% is supported as a sensible and conservative approach in calculating the potential housing yield that can be achieved, this should not prevent a higher density being realised, particularly with the Council’s current emphasis on the provision of smaller homes.

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3. METHODOLOGY AND SITE SELECTION

3.1 South Staffordshire District Council have published, alongside the Publication Plan, a Methodology Paper and a Site Selection and Discounted Sites Paper which demonstrates how the proposed allocations have been selected.

3.2 The Methodology Paper details the approach that has been taken by the Council to arrive at its proposed allocations. The process has been robust and allowed a number of opportunities for stakeholder consultation and evidence gathering which has supported the emergence of the selected sites.

3.3 Bloor Homes generally support the methodology as set out in the SAD Methodology Paper. Each site has been scored against a number of criteria as part of the tier 1 site selection, then those sites with the best scores have been progressed to tier 2 where a qualitative assessment has been undertaken to identify the proposed sites. This has resulted in the higher scoring sites in Brewood being identified, including land at Engleton Lane, Brewood (identified as site 054).

3.4 Land at Engleton Lane is included within the ‘Site Assessment and Discounted Sites’ paper at page 12, identified as site 054. The assessment confirms that the site progressed through the first tier of assessment. Following the tier 2 assessment it is concluded that the site should be allocated for residential development to meet the allocated housing need for Brewood within the Plan period. It is noted safeguarded land to meet longer term needs is also proposed adjacent to the village.

3.5 Whilst the Site Assessment and Discounted Sites paper considers that for Brewood no one particular site outperformed another through the tier one assessment it is clear from the RAG (Red-Amber-Green) assessment that site 054 scored well in comparison to other sites, with the highest number of Green (most favourable) scores. This provides a clear evidence-based illustration that the site has been selected as the Council’s preferred allocation. This demonstrates that the process thus far has been positively prepared, justified and effective.

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4. BREWOOD

4.1 The Core Strategy splits the District into a number of locality areas with each locality area having its own vision.

4.2 Brewood is identified as a Main Service Village within locality area two. These villages represent the highest order settlement within the Council’s settlement hierarchy and are ‘the main focus for housing growth, employment development and service provision’ as established by Core Policy 1 (The Spatial Strategy). These settlements are identified as delivering approximately 90% of the District’s housing growth within the Plan period. Bloor Homes support this proportion of growth being focussed to the Main Service Villages.

4.3 The Main Service Villages are considered to be the most sustainable locations in terms of the level of services and facilities that are present within the settlements. These locations are considered to represent the best opportunity for delivering growth that utilises and consolidates existing physical, social and green infrastructure.

4.4 Chapter 7 of the Publication Plan provides detail on the proposed allocations which will meet the identified housing numbers for each settlement. The Core Strategy allocated the provision of a minimum of 65 dwellings for Brewood between 2010 and 2028. The Publication Plan document refines this requirement taking account of completions and commitments which have been achieved between 2010 and December 2015. For Brewood this results in a refined minimum requirement of 53 dwellings. It is important however that the requirements continue to be expressed as a minimum given that the Core Strategy housing requirement is based on historic evidence which does not reflect the FOAN.

4.5 Following the site selection process, as detailed within the Methodology Paper and Site Assessment and Discounted Sites Topic Paper, Policy SAD2 ‘The Housing Allocations’ details the allocations which are proposed to meet the residual housing requirement within South Staffordshire. In terms of the allocation for Brewood, it is confirmed that the land at Engleton Lane is deliverable and can deliver the identified minimum requirement of 53 dwellings.

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5. LAND AT ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD

5.1 Bloor Homes are in control of Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood which is being promoted for residential development. As has been detailed above the site represents the Council’s proposed allocation for residential development at Brewood.

5.2 The site is located to the north-east of Brewood, adjacent to the current development boundary. The site is bounded to the north by Engleton Lane which provides good access opportunities. To the east and south the site is bounded by existing field boundaries and to the west is the existing built up area of the village.

5.3 Through the Preferred Options consultations, representations were submitted that sought a number of minor changes to the allocation identified at Engleton Lane. The requested change sought to extend the northern boundary of the proposed allocation for the reasons:

 To provide certainty that the minimum housing requirement can be delivered within the allocation; and

 To ensure that the revised Green Belt boundary reflects existing physical features.

5.4 In extending the allocation, it was recognised that a robust north eastern boundary to the allocation would be required and that this should reflect the existing hedge line that is present to the field boundary to the west of Engleton Lane. This is an existing physical feature that can be carried through to the eastern side of Engleton Lane through proposed vegetation.

5.5 Bloor Homes welcome the revised allocation boundary set out in the SAD Publication Document which aligns with that promoted at the preferred option stage.

5.6 The Site Selection and Discounted Sites Paper Bloor Homes has commissioned further technical assessment to consider the suitability of the site for development, to supplement the assessment undertaken by the Council to date. Further consideration is therefore given to elements of the Council’s scoring matric below.

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Natural Environment

5.7 The Site Assessment and Discounted Sites Paper demonstrates, on page 12 (site 54), that the site has a low/medium impact upon the natural and historic environment. Included at Appendix 1 is an Ecological Constraints and Opportunities Report covering this site. The report sets out a number of recommendations which include retention and enhancement of hedgerows, trees, pond and ditches through any development proposals to provide a retained habitat for a range of wildlife. The creation of new green corridors and areas of open space throughout the study area as part of any development proposals, along with the creation of new areas of species-rich grassland, new native hedgerow planting, new tree planting, and the creation of new ponds would provide new opportunities for a range of wildlife.

5.8 The report states that taking account of the recommendations, with an appropriate scheme/design any potential impacts on habitats and protected species could likely be mitigated/compensated. The report sets out that it may be possible to demonstrate a net gain for biodiversity within the study area where appropriate enhancement measures can be implemented. As such, there is not deemed to be any overriding ecological constraint to allocation of the site for development purposes.

Highways

5.9 In the Council’s assessment the site has scored a low/medium impact upon highways and access. Included as Appendix 2 is a technical note on highway access for this site. With regards to the proposed access strategy, it is considered that for a development of a minimum of 53 dwellings, a single vehicular access on Engleton Lane with a spine road into the site would be sufficient. Traffic data also suggests that existing traffic flows on Engleton Lane are modest and it is therefore considered that a simple priority junction would be sufficient. The proposed access would be in a location that minimises the impact upon mature trees. Engleton Lane would also be widened between the site access and the existing developed section to the west and a new 2m wide footpath would be provided to connect this access with the existing footway at the edge of the built up area. Pedestrians and cyclists would therefore be able to reach the development via the proposed vehicular access point.

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5.10 The proposed development also provides an opportunity to reduce vehicle speeds at the entrance to the village on Engleton Lane with an extension of the 30mph speed limit along the site frontage beyond the site access. Visibility splays of 2.4m x 59m are therefore proposed.

5.11 With regards to highway capacity, the technical advice note states that the proposed site access junction would be more than capable of accommodating future traffic flows. Traffic flows arising from the development would not be expected to give rise to adverse impacts on the operation of the adjacent highway network.

5.12 The technical advice note concludes that satisfactory vehicular access to the site can be achieved in a manner that would enable the proposed development to be accessed in a safe and satisfactory manner by vehicles and sustainable travel modes such as public transport, walking and cycling, subject to local enhancements to the local network.

Surface Water Flooding

5.13 A technical note on Flood Risk has been provided at Appendix 3. The assessment of external flood risks finds that there is a very low risk of fluvial flooding on site, with the site being located wholly within Flood Zone 1. There is a medium risk of pluvial flooding and so therefore the technical note recommends that the design of the external levels and drainage systems for the development will need to ensure that any potential flood route from rainfall does not compromise the proposed dwellings or the development drainage system. There is also a low risk from groundwater flooding.

5.14 The technical note also sets out how an appropriate development drainage strategy for surface water could work on site, this includes the incorporation of SUDS. In summary, there are no overriding flood risk constraints to the allocation of this site for development.

Accessibility to Amenities

5.15 It is noted that the site assessment states the site is some distance from village amenities, however it should be noted that no alternative site outperformed the site at land off Engleton Lane in this regard. In any case the score reflects that the site is still accessible on foot and by car to local amenities and has not been scored to reflect that amenities in the village are inaccessible by foot. Appendix 2

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of the SAD (page 71) identifies that the site is approximately 0.7km from the village centre and facilities, approximately 1km from Brewood Church of England Middle School and 1.1km from St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Primary School, all distances of which are considered accessible by foot.

Impact on Historic Environment

5.16 Included at Appendix 4 is a heritage impact assessment with provides detailed information on the archaeological potential of the site and an assessment of the potential impact development may have on the significance of Scheduled assets within the wider landscape.

5.17 The assessment has established that no designated heritage assets are recorded on the site. The nearest designated heritage asset is a Scheduled Monument located within 1km of the site which is one of a number of Scheduled Monuments within the wider landscape (between 1.5km and 2.5km from the site). The heritage impact assessment finds that it is considered that the proposed development would not alter the setting of these assets, resulting in no harm to their significance.

5.18 A geophysical survey was carried out across the study site as part of the assessment. It has identified below ground remains related to agricultural activity. There was no evidence for any other activity underlying the agricultural activity. Therefore, on the basis of the available evidence, the study site is considered to have a low potential for significant remains from any period. Any below-ground remains relating to former Medieval and Post-Medieval agricultural activity would be of limited archaeological significance and are not considered a constraint to development.

Tier 2 Criteria

5.19 The summary of the sites second tier assessment highlights that land at Engleton Lane is of an appropriate size to meet all of the allocated housing requirement for Brewood and provide significant benefits in terms of open space provision and opportunities for community infrastructure. The site is located adjacent to the village boundary and in close proximity to the existing playing fields.

5.20 It is for these reasons that the Council has concluded that land at Engleton Lane is the preferred housing allocation within Brewood. This conclusion is endorsed by Bloor Homes.

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Deliverability

5.21 In terms of the sites deliverability, the Framework requires that a site is available, in a suitable location for development, viable and be achievable within the next five years if it is considered to be considered as a deliverable site. Bloor Homes is in control of the site and have a clear intention to bring forward a residential scheme as is illustrated on the Indicative Masterplan (Appendix 5). The Indicative Masterplan has been informed by technical and environmental work including transport which demonstrates that the site is deliverable. This technical evidence is summarised below. For the avoidance of doubt, Bloor Homes is a major national housebuilder with no funding or capacity constraints that would delay the delivery of development on this site.

Indicative Proposal

5.22 The Indicative Masterplan demonstrates that a residential development of a minimum of 53 dwellings can be accommodated within this site. The scheme is proposed to be served by a new vehicular access off Engleton Lane. The plan proposes a new footpath network linking together the residential areas and landscaped green spaces. The existing residential building line has been continued along Engleton Lane, logically extending the settlement edge eastwards. There is also a tapering residential frontage and soft development edge, addressing the entry point into the village. The masterplan also proposes a fully accessible and inter-connected green infrastructure network, including a central green corridor retaining existing landscape features. It is considered that the planning requirements set out in the housing site proforma for this site, Appendix 1 SAD Publication Plan, can be delivered as demonstrated by the indicative masterplan submitted as part of these representations (Appendix 5).

5.23 In addition, to reflect the approach taken on a number of other proposed allocations within the emerging SAD, including proposed allocations in Great Wyrley, Featherstone, Kinver and Perton, it is requested that land to the north of this proposed allocation is identified as land for open space provision as illustrated on the Indicative Masterplan (Appendix 5). This provides an opportunity not only for the provision of new public open space, but for the provision of new landscape planting in additional to Sustainable Urban Drainage features that would provide a soft edge to development and a more rural approach to the village to be realised. The provision of open space to the north of

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Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

the proposed allocation is entirely consistent with national Green Belt policy, preserving its openness.

5.24 It is anticipated that development can be brought forward in the short term to assist in meeting the District’s housing requirement.

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Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

6. CONCLUSION

6.1 Bloor Homes is in control of land off Engleton Lane, which is identified as a proposed allocation for residential development of a minimum of 53 dwellings within the Council’s Publication Plan. The site is sustainably located adjacent to Brewood which is identified as a Main Service Village within the adopted Core Strategy and as such is the focus for a significant proportion of the Districts growth.

6.2 The proposed allocation of this site is soundly based, having been selected through the process detailed within the Council’s Methodology Paper, the process of which Bloor Homes generally support. This has demonstrated that the site at Engleton Lane is a sustainable option for the future growth of Brewood. The site scores favourably against alternative options for the growth of Brewood and as such its selection as a proposed allocation is entirely justified by the evidence.

6.3 However, as presently drafted, the Site Allocations Document contains areas of unsoundness and Bloor Homes wish to express the following key points in respect to the Publication document:

 Policy SAD1 is unsound as currently drafted. To rectify this unsoundness and to ensure the effectiveness of the plan making process, this policy should be redrafted to explicitly commit the Council to submit a replacement or revised Local Plan for examination by January 2020 and to incorporate an appropriate contribution towards Birmingham’s housing needs, to align with the recently adopted BDP.

 It is necessary to provide an uplift in housing delivery, over and above the minimum requirement established in the Core Strategy, to ensure flexibility in supply and to allow for changes in circumstances.

 The scale of the uplift should be informed by the evidence that is available now. The GBSLEP and Black Country Joint Housing Study identifies, based on demographic projections alone, a requirement for 208 dwellings per annum. Bloor Homes consider that this level of uplift can be provided within the District, without undermining the spatial development strategy set out in the adopted Core Strategy. The identification of Reserve Sites capable of delivering up to 20% of the housing requirement would represent a pragmatic solution to ensure flexibility and resilience.

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Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

APPENDIX 1

ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS & OPPORTUNITIES REPORT

FEBRUARY 2017 | NC | BIR.4959

Farncombe House Farncombe Estate Broadway Worcestershire W R12 7LJ

Tel: 01451 870767 Fax: 01451 870060 Email: [email protected] W eb: www.ecologysolutions.co.uk ______

ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD: 6112

ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS & OPPORTUNITIES REPORT ______

Introduction

1. Ecology Solutions was commissioned by Bloor Homes to undertake an ecological appraisal, including desktop study and an Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey of the proposed development at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire.

2. The Engleton Lane study area assessed by Ecology Solutions includes the SAD2 054 housing site for 53 dwellings (minimum), as identified in the latest allocation plans for South Staffordshire, and is illustrated on Plan ECO1. The study area is situated to the north-east of Brewood and is bound by existing residential development, Engleton Lane, open countryside and an existing football ground.

3. The purpose of this document is to explore ecological features that may act as constraints should a formal planning application be made with respect to the potential allocations.

Survey Methodology

4. An Extended Phase 1 habitat survey was carried out in August 2016 to ascertain the general ecological value of the land within the study area and to identify the main habitats and associated plant species, with notes made on any fauna utilising the study area. An appraisal of the suitability of ecological features for use by protected species was also undertaken.

5. In order to compile up to date background information on the study area and their immediate surroundings Ecology Solutions contacted the Staffordshire Ecological Record (SER). This information is referred to where appropriate.

6. Further information on designated sites and Priority Habitats from a wider search area was obtained from the online Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC)1 database.

1 http://magic.defra.gov.uk

6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 1

Desk Study

Designated sites

Statutory

7. The nearest statutory designated site is Belvide Reservoir Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), which lies approximately 1.7km northwest of the study area. This SSSI is designated for its waterbody and woodland habitats. It is an important breeding site for several species of waders as well as being an important site for a large number of breeding and wintering birds.

8. This SSSI is well separated from the study area by minor roads, the Shropshire Union Canal and open countryside. However the study area is located within the Impact Risk Zone for the SSSI, which suggests potential impacts from ‘Any residential developments with a total net gain in residential units’.

9. Given the above, consideration would need to be given to mitigate for any impacts that may arise from recreational pressure, to ensure that there would not be any adverse impacts from any development proposals on the Belvide Reservoir SSSI. This is likely to involve ensuring an adequate design of public open space on site that would discourage new-residents visiting the SSSI, e.g. for dog walking. However the condition assessment table for the SSSI does not cite recreational effects as being a specific issue, and rather suggest a need for acquisition of more data on bird interest to adequately assess SSSI condition.

Non-statutory

10. The next nearest Local Wildlife Site (LWS) is Barnfield Sandbeds LWS that lies approximately 0.5km west of the study area. This LWS is designated for its predominantly Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus woodland. This LWS is separated from the study area by Engleton Lane, existing residential development and open countryside and as such it is not considered there would be any adverse effects, either direct or in-direct on this LWS from any proposed development.

Habitats Overview

11. The following habitats were identified during the surveys:

 Semi-improved Grassland;  Hedgerows and Scrub;  Trees;  Ditches; and  Pond.

12. The locations of habitats are shown on Plan ECO2.

13. The majority of the study area comprises semi-improved grassland fields separated by hedgerows and ditches. The grassland fields are generally species-poor, in botanical terms, and mainly sheep grazed. The hedgerows are also generally species-poor, gappy in parts and unmanaged.

6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 2

Semi-improved Grassland

14. The semi-improved grassland fields include species such as Perennial Rye- grass Lolium perenne, Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata and Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus within the sward, with Soft Rush Juncus effusus present in damper areas. Herbaceous species are limited and generally restricted to species such as White Clover Trifolium repens, Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg., Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata, Red Clover Trifolium pratense, Ragwort Senecio jacobaea and Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, with Black Medick Medicago lupulina, Rough Hawkbit Leontodon hispidus and Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis which are indicative of less improved grassland only found very rarely within some fields.

15. Any losses to the species-poor semi-improved grassland fields would be of limited ecological significance and retained areas / proposed public open spaces (informal) would provide an opportunity for significant ecological enhancements, such as through (over)sowing with a species-rich wildflower grassland mixture and implementation of an appropriate management regime.

Hedgerows and Scrub

16. Hedgerows within the study area form the field boundary features. The hedgerows are all species-poor, their structure is generally the same being fairly wide, although some are gappy and leggy (lacking suitable management).

17. The hedgerow on the western boundary has developed into a tree line and separates the study area from existing residential development (hedgerow H8 on Plan ECO2).

18. Species present in the hedgerows include Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Dog Rose Rosa canina and Bramble. Species associated with the ground flora include Hedge Woundwort Stachys sylvatica, Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense, Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris, Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium and Common Nettle Urtica dioica.

19. It is recommended that hedgerows, be retained wherever possible within any development proposals. Losses to any hedgerows, if applicable, would therefore be of limited ecological significance and opportunities would exist within the study area for mitigation and enhancements to this habitat through replacement / new native hedgerow planting of a length / area equal to or greater than that lost together with implementation of appropriate management to improve structure.

20. There are small areas of scrub associated with hedgerows H2 and H3. This habitat is of limited ecological value in terms of its species content, generally comprising Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. However, it is considered that this habitat provides some suitable foraging and nesting opportunities for a range of birds and cover / foraging opportunities for Badgers Meles meles.

21. Any losses to this habitat would be of limited ecological significance. However, it is considered that any losses would be relatively simple to offset and the opportunity exists for ecological gains through new native shrub planting.

6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 3

Trees

22. There are a number of trees associated with the boundary features and the pond. These trees are generally semi-mature / mature and comprise species such as Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum, Elm Ulmus procera, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur, Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Field Maple Acer campestre, Goat Willow Salix caprea, Hazel Corylus avellana, Whitebeam Sorbus aria agg., Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa and Crab Apple Malus sylvestris.

23. Species found within the tree belt on the western boundary (labelled H8 on Plan ECO2) include, Poplar Populus alba, Aspen Populus tremula, Silver Birch Betula pendula, Whitebeam, Cherry Prunus avium, Rowan Sorbus aucuparia, Silver Maple Acer saccharinum and Apple Malus pumila.

24. These trees are of some intrinsic ecological value, and are considered to offer suitable nesting and foraging opportunities for birds and foraging / navigational opportunities for bats.

25. It is recommended that the mature and semi-mature trees be retained wherever possible within any development proposals. Losses to trees, if applicable, would be of some ecological significance although opportunities would exist within the study area for mitigation and enhancements through replacement / new native tree planting (including large standard trees if necessary).

Ditches / Ponds

26. There are some ditches running through the study area associated with the pond and hedgerows (see Plan ECO2). All of these ditches were recorded as being dry during the surveys.

27. There is one pond within the study area, along with a number of ponds within 250m of the boundary of the study area. All off-site ponds are separated by Engleton Lane and some are separated by dispersal barriers such as the houses/built form of Deacons Field. The pond was also recorded as being dry during the habitat survey.

28. It is recommended that the pond and ditches be retained and protected from any adverse impacts during the construction or operational phases of any development proposals. In addition, the pond could be enhanced through appropriate management e.g. reduction of over-shading, de-silting to create a permanently wet feature, and inclusion of new aquatic planting undertaken, which would provide a biodiversity gain for the study area.

29. Other wetland features are likely to be required for drainage purposes, and these could be designed to maximise biodiversity benefits.

Desk Study

30. The SER returned no records of any notable plant species from within the study area itself. A record of Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta (a Schedule 8 species, protected from sale only) was returned from approximately 1.2km southwest of the study area in 2010.

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Faunal Species Overview

Bats

31. During the habitat survey one tree was identified as having potential to support roosting bats, in the form of Woodpecker holes, along the southern boundary hedgerow, (hedgerow H4, see Plan ECO2). This tree would likely be kept as part of any proposals for the study area.

32. It is considered that the hedgerows and trees within the study area offer suitable foraging and navigational opportunities for bats. However there is deemed little merit in conducting further surveys if existing opportunities at the boundaries are maintained.

33. Information returned as part of the desk study exercise shows that no records of bats have been recorded within the study area itself. The nearest record of a roost returned by the SER was from 0.6km west of the study area in 2009. The nearest field record returned was of a Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus from 0.5km southwest of the study area in 2010.

34. Consideration should be given to the retention of ‘dark-corridors’ for bats within any development proposals. Enhancements to retained habitats and creation of new habitats (as listed above) would likely benefit foraging bats. The provision of bat boxes would also provide further roosting opportunities for bats.

Badgers

35. There were no signs of confirmed Badger activity recorded during the surveys. However there were signs of digging and several holes recorded along the southern boundary hedgerow (hedgerow H4).

36. No records of Badger were returned from within the study area itself as part of the desk study exercise. The nearest record of a Badger sett was returned from approximately 0.3km west of the study area in 2009. This sett would be unaffected by the proposals as it is located on the opposite side of a road to the study area, (Engleton Lane).

37. Monitoring for Badger activity is recommended in order to determine whether there is any use of the entrances noted within the study area by this species. This will ascertain if any mitigation would be required for Badger, as part of any development.

38. Consideration should be given to creation of green corridors through the study area to allow safe dispersal of Badgers through the study area, should it be discovered that this species use the study area for foraging.

Otter and Water Vole

39. No records of Water Vole Arvicola amphibius (a Schedule 5 Species and Priority Species) or Otter Lutra lutra (a European Protected Species, Schedule 5 Species and Priority Species) were returned by the SER from within the study area itself or the wider search area.

40. The SER returned a record of Otter from approximately 0.2km south of the study area in 2005. 6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 5

41. It is not considered that the ditches / ponds within the study area offer suitable habitat for Otter or Water Vole, given that they have all been recorded as dry.

Other Mammals

42. No evidence of any other mammals was recorded within the study area during the surveys. It is considered that the hedgerows, grassland and scrub offer suitable opportunities for a range of small mammals.

43. The SER returned a record of Polecat Mustela putorius (a Priority Species) from approximately 1.4km northwest of the study area in 2015. It is considered that the hedgerows and scrub within the study area offer some suitable foraging and shelter opportunities for Polecat, but this species is not considered to represent a development constraint, as the Polecat would not be reliant on the study area in any event, and existing opportunities would largely be retained or additional opportunities created.

Birds

44. It is considered that the hedgerows, trees and scrub offer suitable habitat for foraging and nesting birds, while the semi-improved grassland fields offer potentially suitable foraging opportunities.

45. Species recorded within the study area during the habitat survey undertaken include Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis, Woodpigeon Columba palumbus, Wren Troglodytes troglodytes, Jackdaw Corvus monedula, Robin Erithacus rubecula, Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus, Great Tit Parus major, Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ribibundus and the Red List species Herring Gull Larus argentatus flying over.

46. The SER returned no records of notable birds from within the study area itself.

47. The SER returned a number of records from 2 grid squares northwest of the study area (largely coinciding with the Belvide reservoir SSSI), including Barn Owl Tyto alba a Schedule 1 species (in 2014), Redwing Turdus iliacus a Schedule 1 and Red List species (in 2015), Lesser Redpoll Acanthis cabaret a Priority and Red List Species (in 2016), the Priority Species Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus and the Red List and Priority Species Curlew Numenius arquata (in 2015). Marsh Tit Poecile palustris a Priority and Red List Species (in 2015), Lesser-spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor a Priority and Red List species (in 2013), Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes a Priority and Red List species (in 2005), and the Red List and Priority species Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella and Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava, the Schedule 1 Species Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus, Brambling Fringilla montifringilla and Kingfisher Alcedo atthis, (in 2016).

48. A number of other records of notable birds were also returned including, Linnet Linaria cannabina a Priority species from 1.1km west of the study area (in 2016), Fieldfare Turdus pilaris a Schedule 1 and Red List species from 0.7km northwest of the study area (in 2008). Species returned from the grid square containing the study area include Dunnock Prunella modularis a Priority species (in 2013), the Red List species Starling Sturnus vulgaris (in 2008) and the Red List and Priority Species Song Thrush Turdus philomelos (in 2008).

6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 6

49. It is considered that the hedgerows, trees and scrub within the study area offer suitable foraging and nesting opportunities for the majority of the above species, while the semi-improved grassland offers suitable foraging opportunities. However, it is not considered any of the above species would be reliant on the habitats present within the study area. It is not considered the ditches (even if wet) within the study area offer suitable opportunities for Kingfisher.

50. As all species of birds receive general protection whilst nesting, to avoid a possible offence, it is recommended that any clearance of suitable nesting vegetation (including any tree felling) be undertaken outside of the main breeding season (March to July inclusive) or that checks be made for nesting birds by an ecologist immediately prior to removal.

51. New native planting associated with any proposals would likely provide additional nesting and foraging habitats for a range of bird species and nest boxes could be erected as part of any proposals to further increase the nesting opportunities within the study area. All nest boxes should be situated out of direct sunlight and out of the reach of predators, particularly cats. In addition, the creation of areas of rough grassland within areas of open space will provide suitable areas for ground nesting birds.

Reptiles

52. The main areas of the semi-improved grassland fields do not have high potential to support reptiles, however there are rough margins running along several hedgerows behind a fence line with potentially suitable habitat to support this faunal group.

53. The SER returned no records of reptiles from within the study area itself. The nearest record returned was for Common Lizard Zootoca vivipara from approximately 2.8km west of the study area.

54. For any planning application it would be recommended that specific reptile surveys be conducted within the study area to determine the presence / absence of this faunal group.

55. Should reptiles be recorded, dependant on the extent and location of reptile populations, a translocation exercise may be required prior to the commencement of development, lest an offence be committed. It is likely that an area of public open space within the proposed development, could be used as a receptor area for this group, if found to be present.

Great Created Newts and other Amphibians

56. The pond within the study area was recorded as being dry during the habitat survey, and as such would not represent suitable breeding habitat for Great Crested Newts Triturus cristatus. The rough grassland margins and hedgerows within the study area provide suitable terrestrial habitat for this species.

57. The SER returned no record of Great Crested Newts from within the study area itself, a record was returned from approximately 170m west of the study area (in 2013). In addition, a record of Common Toad Bufo bufo was returned from approximately 0.6km west of the study area (in 2007).

6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 7

58. As a precaution Great Crested Newt surveys will be undertaken on all ponds within 250m of the study area boundary (subject to obtaining access) and, if seen to hold water, the pond within the study area would also be surveyed. If necessary, appropriate mitigation could include the enhancement of the existing pond and the creation of informal open spaces with new ponds, linked by green corridors of rough grassland and hedgerows, which will create terrestrial habitat dispersal routes for amphibians between ponds.

Invertebrates

59. It is considered that the study area is likely to support a range of common invertebrate species.

60. The SER returned a number of records of Priority Species of moth from the wider search area including, Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi and Dusky Thorn Ennomos fuscantaria from 1.8km northwest of the study area (in 2006), and Ghost Moth Hepialus humuli and Buff Ermine Spilosoma lutea returned from 2 grid squares west of the study area (in 2005).

61. The retention and enhancement of the hedgerows network, trees, scrub, and pond within the study area will provide habitat for a range of invertebrates. The opportunity exists to enhance the study area for invertebrates through the creation of new areas of species-rich grassland, new hedgerow and tree planting, the enhancement of the existing pond and ditches, and the creation of new ponds within any development proposals, which would provide new opportunities for a range of invertebrates.

Summary and Conclusions

62. Surveys were carried out in August 2016 to ascertain the general ecological value of the study area. The study area was surveyed based around extended Phase 1 survey methodology, as recommended by Natural England. In addition an appraisal of the suitability of ecological features for use by protected species was also undertaken.

63. The majority of the study area comprises semi-improved grassland fields separated by hedgerows, fences and ditches. The grassland fields are generally species-poor in botanical terms, and of low ecological value. The hedgerows are also generally species-poor.

64. However, any development in the study area could easily retain the areas of relatively greater ecological value (in the context of the study area), such as hedgerows, trees, pond and ditches. With significant enhancements possible to these features, e.g. through management.

65. There were no records of bats returned by the SER from within the study area itself, the nearest record of a roost was returned from 0.6km west of the study area in 2009. One tree within the study area has been identified as having potential to support roosting bats, while the hedgerows at the boundaries and within the study area, and trees, offer suitable foraging and navigational opportunities for this faunal group.

66. There were no confirmed signs of Badger activity recorded during the surveys undertaken, although there were signs of digging and several holes present within the study area. 6112 Briefing Note.vf February 2017 Page 8

67. A small number of notable birds were recorded within the study area during the surveys undertaken. However there were no records of notable birds returned from within the study area itself as part of the desk study exercise.

68. There are areas of rough grass margins within the study area that offer suitable habitat for common reptiles. There were no records returned from within the study area itself, the nearest record returned was of a Common Lizard from 2.8km west of the study area.

69. There is one pond within the study area (recorded as being dry at the time of the surveys), and a number of associated ditches (also dry). The SER returned a number of records of Great Crested Newts from approximately 170m west of the study area during the desk study exercise.

70. Further specific surveys would be recommended in respect of Badgers, reptiles and Great Crested Newts. If such species are identified as being present during the survey work, Natural England licences (where applicable) may be required ahead of any works likely to disturb the species or its habitat. Furthermore, suitable mitigation / enhancement measures would be required such that no adverse impact on the species results from the development proposals.

71. There appears little merit in conducting any further work with regard to bats, as any trees potential could easily be retained and existing foraging and navigational opportunities enhanced.

72. The retention of the majority of the hedgerow network, trees, pond and ditches within any development proposals would provide retained habitat for a range of wildlife. The creation of new green corridors and areas of open space throughout the study area as part of any development proposals, along with the creation of new areas of species-rich grassland, new native hedgerow planting, new tree planting, and the creation of new ponds would provide new opportunities for a range of wildlife.

73. It is considered that taking account of the recommendations in this report and with an appropriate scheme / design any potential impacts on habitats and protected species could likely be mitigated / compensated. Indeed, it is likely to be possible to demonstrate a net gain for biodiversity within the study area where appropriate enhancement measures can be implemented. As such, there is not deemed to be any overriding ecological constraint to allocation of this land for development purposes.

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Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

APPENDIX 2

ACCESS TECHNICAL NOTE

FEBRUARY 2017 | NC | BIR.4959

Bloor Homes Ltd

LAND AT ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD, STAFFORDSHIRE

TECHNICAL NOTE 1: HIGHWAY ACCESS

1. Introduction Travis Baker is appointed by Bloor Homes Ltd to advise on the transport, highways and civil engineering issues relating to the proposed development of land at Engleton Lane, Brewood for residential use.

Travis Baker has undertaken an access feasibility study to determine how the site could be accessed from and connected to the existing local highway network. This Technical Note provides a brief summary of the study’s findings and presents preliminary proposals for access to the site.

2. Location The site, shown below, is located at the north-eastern edge of Brewood village and is proposed for allocation to provide a minimum of 53 dwellings (SAD2 054). The site is bound to the north by Engleton Lane.

Engleton Lane is a local access road and links the A5 to Brewood via Ivy House Lane. The centre of Brewood lies within 800m of the site’s south-western boundary. Along the site frontage, Engleton Lane is a single carriageway road of rural character, with a width of less than 5m, and is subject to the national speed limit (60mph). There is currently no footway along the site frontage, but a narrow grass verge of varying width is provided.

Page 1

A 30mph speed limit comes into force just south of the site’s south-western corner, where the existing built-up area starts. To the south of this point, a footway is provided on the south-eastern side of Engleton Lane, which connects with the village centre.

Data on existing traffic flows and speeds was obtained from Automatic Traffic Counter (ATC) surveys undertaken on Engleton Lane during 2015, which have been used to inform the design of the proposed site access strategy.

3. Proposed Access Strategy It is currently anticipated that the site would provide a minimum of 53 dwellings, for which a single vehicular access would be sufficient. The scheme could be served by a spine road to the standards specified in the Staffordshire County Council (SCC) Residential Design Guide for a “Residential Minor Access Road” and thus having a minimum carriageway width of 5m and footways to either side.

The available traffic data suggests that existing traffic flows on Engleton Lane are modest and it is therefore considered that a simple priority junction is likely to be sufficient to serve the development.

The proposed access strategy is shown on Drawing T15033/002, which is appended to this Technical Note. The proposal would create a new access in the centre of the site frontage in a location that minimises impact on mature trees. Engleton Lane would also be widened between the site access and the existing developed section to the west and a new 2.0m wide footway would be provided to connect the access with the existing footway at the edge of the built-up area to the south-west. Pedestrians and cyclists would therefore be able to reach the development via the proposed vehicular access point, which would be connected to new footways within the site.

The ATC surveys undertaken in 2015 showed that 85th percentile speeds on each approach to the site frontage were between approximately 43mph and 45mph. However, it is considered that the proposed development provides an opportunity to reduce vehicle speeds at the entrance to the village. It is therefore proposed that the existing 30mph speed limit would be extended north-east of its existing location and along the site frontage to a point beyond the site access. A new gateway feature would be provided at this location.

In combination with extension of the urban frontage, it is considered that such measures would assist in reducing vehicle speeds to within an acceptable range for a 30mph speed limit. Accordingly, visibility splays of 2.4m x 59m are proposed, which are in accordance with the Manual for Streets requirement for a 30mph speed limit. The required visibility splays would be provided within land that is either part of the site or the adjoining public highway corridor.

4. Highway Capacity The highway network adjoining the site carries relatively modest traffic flows and it is considered that the site access junction as shown would be more than capable of accommodating future traffic demands.

The scale of development proposed would generate relatively modest traffic flows, which would not be expected to give rise to adverse impacts on the operation of the adjacent highway network, subject to further investigations and confirmation by means of a formal Transport Statement.

5. Summary

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Satisfactorily vehicular access to both the site can be achieved in a manner that would enable the proposed development to be accessed in a safe and satisfactory manner by vehicles and sustainable travel modes such as public transport, walking and cycling, subject to the local enhancements proposed above.

Travis Baker 22 February 2017

Page 3

APPENDIX A

SITE ACCESS STRATEGY

Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

APPENDIX 3

FLOOD RISK STATEMENT

FEBRUARY 2017 | NC | BIR.4959

Flood Risk Statement 15082 Engleton Lane, Brewood Date: 16/2/17

Site Location

The site is approximately 3Ha in gross area, and is proposed for residential development with associated infrastructure and amenity spaces.

The site is to be accessed from Engleton Lane on the northern boundary. The site falls generally from west to east with a height difference of approximately 4m from its highest to lowest level.

It is currently undeveloped pasture land with shallow field ditches discharging to a small depression near the eastern boundary of the site, which has no definable outfall.

Assessment of External Flood Risks

Fluvial Flood Risk Existing Flood to the Site Environment Agency flood mapping indicates the site lies wholly within Flood Zone 1, ie. With an annual probability of flooding from seas or rivers of less than 1 in 1000

VERY LOW

Pluvial Flood Risk Environment Agency flood mapping indicates the site lies within a perceived pluvial flood route and has an annual probability of flooding from rainfall of up to 1 in 30. Design of the external levels and MEDIUM drainage systems for the development will need to ensure that the potential flood route does not compromise the proposed dwellings or the development drainage system.

Flood Risk Statement 15082 Engleton Lane, Brewood Date: 16/2/17

Groundwater Flood Risk South Staffordshire Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SS-SFRA) indicates elevated potential for ground water flooding in the South Staffordshire area, although there are no recorded incidents near the site. LOW Development proposals shall take reasonable design measures to mitigate groundwater breaches to ensure no flood risk to any new properties.

Flooding from Artificial Sources There are no canals or impounded waterbodies within the vicinity of the site that pose a flood risk in the event of a catastrophic breach. VERY LOW

Flooding from Sewers SS-SFRA records no flooding incident due to sewers within the vicinity to the site, however the exact location, nature and severity of any incident is not recorded, for data protection reasons. VERY LOW Severn Trent Water (STW) are responsible for the maintenance of sewerage network in this area and existing blockage or capacity issues are resolved as part of their ongoing capital improvements programme.

Development Drainage Strategy

Surface Water Drainage Strategy BGS Borehole data obtained under Open Government License indicates very limited potential within subsoils to discharge run-off to ground via infiltration.

Surface run-off from the development shall be restricted to greenfield equivalent discharge rates and sufficient space afforded in the masterplan to accommodate open SUDS features to provide flood protection upto the 100year (plus climate change) critical storm event(s).

The outfall from the site will either be made to the River Penk, with third party agreement or under requisition by STW to their existing sewerage network.

Surface levels will be designed to ensure pluvial flood routes do no compromise thresholds to new properties or the development drainage system.

Foul Water Drainage Strategy On-site sewers are to be designed and constructed to standards adoptable by STW. Gravity sewers are to discharge to a new adoptable pump station located near the natural low point of the site.

Pumped wastewater is to be lifted to a new outfall into the existing STW network at chamber 7302. Pumped flow rates are subject to agreement with STW further to an impact assessment of the new development on their existing network.

Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

APPENDIX 4

HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

FEBRUARY 2017 | NC | BIR.4959

HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

ENGLETON LANE BREWOOD STAFFORDSHIRE

Planning ● Heritage SEPTEMBER 2016 Specialist & Independent Advisors to the Property Industry

Local Planning Authority: SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL

Site centred at: 388925,309494

Author: SARAH JAGO BSC, MSC, MCIfA

Approved by: CATHY PATRICK BA, DipArchaeol, MPhil, MCIfA

Report Status: FINAL

Issue Date: SEPTEMBER 2016

CgMs Ref: CP/SJ/22631

No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent.

Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report.

CONTENTS

Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Site Conditions, Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological/Historical Background and Assessment of Significance 5.0 The Proposed Development and Impact on Heritage Assets 6.0 Summary and Conclusions

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig. 1 Site location Fig. 2 1775 Yates Map of Staffordshire Fig. 3 1808 Map of Brewood Parish Fig. 4 1838 draft Tithe Map Fig. 5 1883-1884 Ordnance Survey Map Fig. 6 1903 Ordnance Survey Map Fig. 7 1924 Ordnance Survey Map Fig. 8 1967-1968 Ordnance Survey Map Fig. 9 1980-1989 Ordnance Survey Map Fig. 10 2006 Ordnance Survey Map

LIST OF PLATES

Plate 1 View north-east along the north-western boundary of field A Plate 2 View south-east along the south-western boundary of field A Plate 3 View north-east along the south-eastern boundary of field A Plate 4 View south-east along the north-eastern boundary of field A Plate 5 View south-west across field A Plate 6 View north-east across field B Plate 7 View north-east from the north-eastern boundary of the study site within field B Plate 8 View north-east from the north-eastern boundary of the study site within field C Plate 9 View north-east along the north-western boundary of field C Plate 10 View south-west towards the study site from the Scheduled Roman Villa (NHL 1006082) Plate 11 View south-west towards the study site from the lane to the south of the Scheduled Roman Camp (NHL 1006120) Plate 12 View south-west towards the study site from the Scheduled Roman settlement (NHL 1006121)

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Staffordshire Historic Environment Record entries and maps Appendix 2: Magnitude Surveys 2016 Geophysical Survey

No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however CgMs limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence AL100014723

Executive Summary

This heritage impact assessment has been researched and prepared on behalf of Bloor Homes and assesses the archaeological potential of land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire and the potential impact development may have on the significance of scheduled assets within the wider landscape. This report forms the desk-based assessment required by paragraph 128 of the NPPF to identify the presence of heritage (archaeological) assets and, where present, to assess any impact on their significance. This report specifically focuses on archaeological remains.

No designated heritage assets are located within the study site. The assessment has considered the setting of the designated heritage assets located within the search area and has established that there would be no impact on the significance of the Scheduled Monuments.

One undesignated archaeological asset is recorded within the study site. This is a Medieval find of a Lead Bulla (HER MST16201). This was recovered during metal detecting and is no longer present; it therefore has no remaining archaeological significance within the study site.

A geophysical survey was carried out across the study site as part of this assessment. It has identified the below ground remains related to agricultural activity. There was no evidence for any other activity underlying the agricultural activity. Therefore on the basis of the available evidence, the study site is considered to have a low potential for significant remains from any period. Any below-ground remains relating to former Medieval and Post-Medieval agricultural activity would be of limited archaeological significance and are not considered a constraint to development.

It is considered that, in the context of the NPPF, this assessment represents a proportionate response in this instance. It is possible that the Planning Archaeologist may require a programme of archaeological investigation as a condition of consent to confirm the absence of significant archaeological remains from the study site.

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY

1.1 This heritage impact assessment has been researched by Nathan Thomas and prepared by Sarah Jago of CgMs Consulting on behalf of Bloor Homes.

1.2 The assessment considers land at Engleton Lane, Brewood (also referred to as the study site) which is currently being considered for residential development. The study site includes the proposed allocation site boundary and an area of proposed open space. These have a combined area of approximately 3.9 hectares and are centred at NGR 388925,309494 (Fig. 1).

1.3 In accordance with government policy on archaeology within the planning process (Section 12 of the National Planning Policy Framework), and the South Staffordshire Core Strategy (adopted 2012), this assessment draws together the available archaeological, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the archaeological potential of the study site.

1.4 Additionally, in accordance with the ‘Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessments’ (Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) 2014), it incorporates an examination of evidence in the Staffordshire Historic Environment Record (HER) and Staffordshire Archives, incorporates published and unpublished material and charts historic land-use through a map regression exercise. A site inspection was undertaken in August 2016.

1.5 As a result, the assessment enables relevant parties to assess the significance of any designated and non-designated heritage assets within the study site, assess the potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological assets and enables potential impacts on assets to be identified, along with the need for design, civil engineering or archaeological solutions.

2.0 PLANNING BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK

2.1 Statutory Framework

Ancient Monument’s and Archaeological Areas Act 1979

2.1.1 The Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Areas Act 1979 (as amended) protects the fabric of Scheduled Monuments, but does not afford statutory protection to their settings. Relevant policies relating to the protection of the setting of scheduled monuments are contained within national and local development plan policy, and guidance for assessing and managing change within the setting of heritage assets is set out Historic England’s Good Practice Advice Note 3 ‘The Setting of Heritage Assets’ (Historic England 2015).

2.2 Policy Background

National Planning Policy Framework

2.2.1 In March 2012, the government published the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). More recently (March 2014) Planning Policy Guidance (PPG) has been published online.

2.2.2 Section 12 of the NPPF, entitled Conserving and enhancing the historic environment provides policy for planning authorities, property owners, developers and others on the conservation and investigation of heritage assets. Overall, the objectives of Section 12 of the NPPF can be summarised as seeking the:

 Delivery of sustainable development  Understanding the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits brought by the conservation of the historic environment  Conservation of England's heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, and  Recognition that heritage contributes to our knowledge and understanding of the past.

2.2.3 Section 12 of the NPPF recognises that intelligently managed change may sometimes be necessary if heritage assets are to be maintained for the long term. Paragraph 128 states that planning decisions should be based on the significance of the heritage asset, and that the level of detail supplied by an applicant should be

proportionate to the importance of the asset and should be no more than sufficient to review the potential impact of the proposal upon the significance of that asset.

2.2.4 Heritage Assets are defined in Annex 2 of the NPPF as: a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions. They include designated heritage assets (as defined in the NPPF) and assets identified by the local planning authority during the process of decision-making or through the plan-making process.

2.2.5 Annex 2 also defines Archaeological Interest as a heritage asset which holds or potentially could hold, evidence of past human activity worthy of expert investigation at some point. Heritage assets with archaeological interest are the primary source of evidence about the substance and evolution of places, and of the people and cultures that made them.

2.2.6 A Designated Heritage Asset comprises a: World Heritage Site, Scheduled Monument, Listed Building, Protected Wreck Site, Registered Park and Garden, Registered Battlefield or Conservation Area.

2.2.7 Significance is defined as: The value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.

2.2.8 In short, government policy provides a framework which:  Protects nationally important designated Heritage Assets (which include World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Listed Buildings, Protected Wreck Sites, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields or Conservation Areas).  Protects the settings of such designations.  In appropriate circumstances seeks adequate information (from desk based assessment and field evaluation where necessary) to enable informed decisions.  Provides for the excavation and investigation of sites not significant enough to merit in-situ preservation.

2.2.9 In considering any planning application for development, the planning authority will be mindful of the framework set by government policy, in this instance the NPPF, by current Development Plan Policy and by other material considerations.

Local Planning Policy Framework

2.2.10 South Staffordshire County Council have produced a collection of local planning documents containing a range of policies and land allocations, collectively called the Local Plan, will replace the 1996 Local Plan and deliver the local planning strategy for the District. The new Local Plan will be made up of two documents, which are the adopted Core strategy (2012) and Site Allocations Documents. The following policy relates to the historic environment and is pertinent to the study site:

Policy EQ3: Conservation, Preservation and Protection of Heritage Assets

THE CONSERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE’S HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT WILL BE ACHIEVED BY A NUMBER OF MEANS:

A) THE COUNCIL WILL ESTABLISH, REVIEW AND MAINTAIN RECORDS OF KNOWN HERITAGE ASSETS INCLUDING:  LISTED BUILDINGS  SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENTS  CONSERVATION AREAS  REGISTERED PARKS AND GARDENS  BUILDINGS OF SPECIAL LOCAL INTEREST (A ‘LOCAL LIST’)  UNDESIGNATED HERITAGE ASSETS  OTHER HISTORIC LANDSCAPES AND WILL SUPPORT AND ENCOURAGE EVER GREATER APPRECIATION, KNOWLEDGE AND ENJOYMENT OF THE DISTRICT’S HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT AND HERITAGE ASSETS THROUGH:  JOINT WORKING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND INTEREST GROUPS SUCH AS  CIVIC AND HISTORICAL SOCIETIES;  THE CONTINUAL DEVELOPMENT AND REFINEMENT OF THE LOCAL LIST; AND  INTERACTION WITH THE COUNTY COUNCIL’S HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RECORD  (HER). B) THE COUNCIL WILL SUPPORT AND ENCOURAGE MEASURES WHICH SECURE THE IMPROVED MAINTENANCE, MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE REUSE OF HERITAGE ASSETS, PARTICULARLY THOSE WHICH ARE IDENTIFIED NATIONALLY OR LOCALLY AS BEING AT RISK. WHERE NECESSARY AN ASSESSMENT WILL BE MADE OF WHETHER THE BENEFITS OF A PROPOSAL FOR ENABLING DEVELOPMENT, WHICH WOULD OTHERWISE CONFLICT WITH PLANNING POLICIES BUT WHICH WOULD SECURE THE FUTURE CONSERVATION OF A HERITAGE ASSET, OUTWEIGH THE DISBENEFITS OF DEPARTING FROM THOSE POLICIES. C) THE COUNCIL WILL ENSURE THAT DEVELOPMENT WHICH AFFECTS A HERITAGE ASSET OR ITS SETTING WILL BE INFORMED BY A PROPORTIONATE ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ASSET, INCLUDING ITS SETTING, WHICH IS LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED BY THE PROPOSALS. THESE WILL BE JUDGED BY CONSIDERING THE EXTENT TO WHICH AN ASSET’S ARCHAEOLOGICAL, ARCHITECTURAL, HISTORIC OR

ARTISTIC INTEREST WILL BE HARMED, INCLUDING ITS CONSERVATION, IN THE INTEREST OF PRESENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS. D) IN THE CASE OF DEVELOPMENT IN A CONSERVATION AREA PROPOSALS WILL BE CONSIDERED AGAINST ANY MANAGEMENT PLAN AND APPRAISAL ADOPTED FOR THAT AREA. E) THE COUNCIL WILL CONSIDER THE SIGNIFICANCE AND SETTING OF ALL PROPOSED WORKS TO HERITAGE ASSETS, INFORMED BY RELEVANT GUIDANCE THAT IS SUPPORTED BY ENGLISH HERITAGE. IN ADDITION THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES WILL BE ADHERED TO:  MINIMISING THE LOSS AND DISTURBANCE OF HISTORIC MATERIALS  USING APPROPRIATE MATERIALS, AND  ENSURING ALTERATIONS ARE REVERSIBLE F) THE COUNCIL WILL REQUIRE ALL WORKS PROPOSED TO HERITAGE ASSETS, OR SITES WITH THE POTENTIAL TO INCLUDE ASSETS, TO BE INFORMED BY A LEVEL OF HISTORICAL, ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE PROPORTIONATE TO THEIR SIGNIFICANCE. WHERE APPROPRIATE, THE COUNCIL MAY ALSO REQUIRE HISTORICAL RESEARCH AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDING TO BE UNDERTAKEN BEFORE WORKS TO A HERITAGE ASSET COMMENCE.

HERITAGE ASSETS INCLUDING LISTED BUILDINGS (AND THOSE ON A LOCAL LIST) REGISTERED PARKS AND GARDENS (AND OTHER HISTORIC LANDSCAPES) CONSERVATION AREAS AND SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENTS ARE IDENTIFIED ON THE POLICIES MAP AND INSET PLANS.

DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS SHOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH THE NPPF, THE ADOPTED VILLAGE DESIGN GUIDE SUPPLEMENTARY PLANNING DOCUMENT (OR SUBSEQUENT REVISIONS) AND OTHER LOCAL PLANNING POLICIES.

2.2.11 This assessment therefore seeks to comply with the NPPF and Local Plan Policy by establishing whether archaeological remains are likely to exist on the study site and by providing the required assessment.

3.0 SITE CONDITIONS, GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

3.1 Site Conditions

3.1.1 A site visit was made on the 26th of August 2016 (Plates 1-9). The study site covers three pastoral fields (fields A-C). Field A is completely located within the study site. The north-eastern boundary transects fields B and C, meaning that only half of these fields are located within the study site. The field boundaries surrounding these fields are formed by mature hedges interspersed with trees.

3.1.2 The village of Brewood extends up to the south-western boundary of the study site. The study site is bound to the north-west by Engleton Lane. A football ground is located along part of the south-eastern boundary, with agricultural fields located adjacent to the rest of this boundary and to the north-east of the study site.

3.1.3 No earthworks were visible on the study site.

3.1.4 Several Scheduled Monument are located within the wider landscape. These designated heritage assets were visited during the site visit in order to assess potential impacts upon them (Plate 10-12).

3.2 Geology

3.2.1 The solid geology across the stud site comprises Mudstone and Halite-stone of the Mercia Mudstone Group. Superficial Diamicton Till deposits are recorded across the study site. Superficial Glaciofluvial sand and gravel deposits are located immediately to the north and south of the study site. These superficial deposits were both formed up to 2 million years ago during the Quaternary Period in an environment dominated by ice age conditions (Geology of Britain Viewer accessed September 2016).

3.2.2 No geotechnical information for the study site is currently available.

3.3 Topography

3.3.1 The study site is relatively level at c.100m Above Ordnance Datum (AOD).

3.3.2 The closest watercourse is the River Penk which is located c.500m east of the study site. The wider landscape is relatively flat although it gently slopes down towards the River Penk reaching c.90m AOD.

4.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND, INCLUDING ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The timescales used in this report are as follows:

Prehistoric Palaeolithic 800,000 - 12,000 BC Mesolithic 12,000 - 4,000 BC Neolithic 4,000 - 1,800 BC Bronze Age 1,800 - 600 BC Iron Age 600 - AD 43

Historic Roman AD 43 - 410 Saxon/Early Medieval AD 410 - 1066 Medieval AD 1066 - 1485 Post Medieval AD 1486 - 1800 Modern AD 1800 - Present

4.1 Introduction

4.2.1 This assessment is based on a consideration of evidence in the Staffordshire Historic Environment Record (HER), Historic England Archive (HEA) and the National Heritage List (NHL) for the study site and a zone 1km in extent surrounding its boundary. Only those entries with direct relevance to the study site are considered within this report. The Staffordshire Archives were also visited in order to examine any available historic maps relating to the study site.

4.2.2 Non-designated heritage assets recorded by the HER (i.e. archaeological finds/features) are reviewed below and their distribution is illustrated in Appendix 1.

4.2.3 This chapter reviews existing archaeological evidence for the study site and the archaeological/historical background of the general area and, in accordance with the NPPF, considers the potential for as yet undiscovered archaeological evidence on the study site.

4.2.4 This chapter also identifies Scheduled Monuments within the wider landscape (up to 2.5km) which have the potential to be impacted by the proposed development in line with Historic England’s five step approach set out Historic England’s Good Practice Advice Note 3 ‘The Setting of Heritage Assets’ (Historic England 2015).

4.2.5 Chapter 5 subsequently considers whether the theoretical potential identified in this chapter is likely to survive and assesses the impact upon the significance of the Scheduled Monuments located within the wider landscape.

4.2 Previous Archaeological Investigations

4.2.1 A geophysical survey was carried out across the study site as part of this assessment (Magnitude Surveys 2016 included as Appendix 2). The survey results were characterised by agricultural activity and the remains of a pond or similar feature. There was no evidence for any other activity underlying the agricultural activity.

4.2.2 There has been a number of archaeological investigations carried out across the wider search area, mainly within Brewood to the south-west of the study site. These include several archaeological watching briefs and evaluations which predominantly identified Post-Medieval features. Unstratified Prehistoric finds were recorded during one of the watching briefs (HER EST1729).

4.2.3 An historic character assessment of Brewood has been carried out as part of the extensive urban survey of Staffordshire (HER EST2328) (Staffordshire County Council 2013).

4.2.4 These investigations will be further discussed where relevant below.

4.3 Prehistoric (Palaeolithic – Iron Age)

4.4.1 No Prehistoric assets are recorded within the study site.

4.4.2 The only Prehistoric remains recorded in the wider search area are unstratified finds recorded during an archaeological watching brief carried out in Brewood c.725m south-west of the study site (HER EST1729).

4.4.3 Environmental information recovered during an archaeological excavation at 'The Pavement' suggested that the immediate area around Brewood was wooded. There was some limited evidence for cultivation in the Iron Age/Roman period (Staffordshire County Council 2013).

4.4.4 Evidence suggests that there was no activity foci located within the wider search area and that the area was largely wooded throughout the Prehistoric period. No Prehistoric features were identified during the geophysical evaluation carried out across the study

site. A low/ nil potential has therefore been identified for significant Prehistoric activity within the study site.

4.4 Roman

4.4.5 No Roman assets are recorded within the study site.

4.4.6 The Roman Conquest (AD 43) brought a significant growth in urbanisation with the establishment, for the first time, of a network of towns, linked by well-constructed roads (Historic England 2011). Watling Street (now the A5), a principal Roman road running from Dover to Wroxeter, runs on an east-west orientation c.1.2km north of the study site (beyond the wider search area).

4.4.7 Several forts and marching camps were established to the north and south of Watling Street. An enclosed settlement, Pennocrucium, was built straddling the road. All of these Scheduled sites are located beyond the wider search area to the north-east of the study site.

4.4.8 Provincial economy remained essentially agrarian during the Roman period; with an estimated 90 per cent of the population living in rural settlements such as farmsteads, villas and villages (Historic England 2011). A Scheduled Roman villa is recorded at Engleton c.0.7km north-east of the study site, it was excavated during the early 20th century when it was discovered during quarrying (HER MST217 and NHL1006082).

4.4.9 These various Roman sites were served by a network of roads in addition to Watling Street, one of which, Pennocrucium Roman Road (HER MST1889) is located c.455m east of the study site, running across the eastern part of the wider search area on and north-east/ south-west orientation.

4.4.10 Evidence suggests that Roman activity was predominantly located over 1.5km north- east of the study site within the vicinity of the principal Roman road, Watling Street. A Roman villa is located c.0.7km north-east of the study site, on the periphery of the main focus of Roman activity. The geophysical survey carried out across the study site did not identify any potential Roman features. The study site would have possibly continued to have been wooded throughout the Roman period, or potentially used as agricultural land. A low/ nil potential has therefore been identified for significant Roman activity within the study site.

4.5 Saxon - Early Medieval

4.5.1 No Early Medieval assets are recorded within the study site.

4.5.2 Although Brewood is first mentioned in Domesday Book (1086) some researchers suggest that it may have originated as the focus of a Mercian (aristocratic or Royal) estate as early as the 7th or 8th century. The church certainly held Brewood by the early 11th century and it is possible that it had been granted by a Mercian dynasty and became a minster church (Staffordshire County Council 2013).

4.5.3 The plan form of Brewood reveals two possible enclosures which may have been associated with Early Medieval activity. The larger, rectilinear, area fossilised by the roads comprising Market Place, Sandy Lane, The Pavement and Dean Street, may have enclosed the area of the minster. The second, less regular area, formed by Bargate Street and Newport Street, to the west may have originated as a farm or possibly a green around which settlement was focused (Staffordshire County Council 2013). These enclosures are located c.700m south-west of the study site around the area recorded by the HER as the historic settlement of Brewood (HER MST2334).

4.5.4 The study site is likely to have lain within agricultural fields on the periphery of the settlement during this period. A low/nil potential for significant Early-Medieval remains is therefore identified for the study site.

4.6 Medieval

4.6.1 One Medieval asset consisting of an unstratified find is recorded within field A of the study site (HER MST16201). It was recovered during metal detecting in Brewood parish before March 2006 and consists of a complete cast lead papal bulla of Innocent IV, dating from AD 1243 to AD 1254.

4.6.2 It is likely that the principal plan form of Brewood comprising the large triangular Market Place and its burgage plots were laid out in the early 13th century and may be associated with a market charter of this date (Staffordshire County Council 2013).

4.6.3 There is good documentary evidence for the economic composition of Brewood during the Medieval period which reflects its status as a small Medieval market town (Staffordshire County Council 2013). This evidence has been supported by an archaeological excavation to the east of The Pavement which revealed evidence of several industrial activities including tanning which occurred here from the 13th to the early 16th century (Cuttler and Dingwall 2001).

4.6.4 Historic England’s Historic Environment Character Assessment has identified that Brewood was surrounded by an open field arable system which comprised at least

three large hedge-less fields which were farmed on a rotational basis between arable, fallow and other crops. The fields were divided into strips which individual landholders held across the various fields. These open fields were an essential part of the economy of Brewood during the Medieval period. The study site is identified as being located within part of the Medieval open fields surrounding Brewood (HEA BWHECZ 2).

4.6.5 Evidence suggests that the study site was located within undeveloped agricultural land surrounding the Medieval settlement of Brewood. Therefore, a low/ nil potential has been identified for the presence of significant Medieval remains within the study site.

4.7 Post-Medieval and Modern

4.6.6 The majority of assets recorded by the HER date to this period and consist of houses and structures located within the village of Brewood dating from the 17th to the 19th century (Appendix 1).

4.6.7 There is limited evidence for growth during the 18th and 19th century beyond the historic core of Brewood. The greatest period of growth occurred in the mid-20th century when large-scale housing development was constructed to the north and north east of the historic core (Staffordshire County Council 2013).

Map regression

4.6.8 In this period, understanding of settlement, land-use and the utilisation of the landscape is enhanced by cartographic and documentary sources which can give additional detail to data contained within the HER and HEA.

4.6.9 The 1775 Yates Map of Staffordshire (Fig. 2) does not show the study site in detail, but it demonstrates that it is located within undeveloped farmland adjacent to a road and to the north of the settlement of Brewood.

4.6.10 The 1808 Map of Brewood Parish (Fig. 3) demonstrates that the study site remains located within undeveloped land. This map details that the study site covers several strip fields.

4.6.11 The 1838 Draft Tithe map (Fig. 4) shows that one field boundary has been removed from the southern part of the study site. Two ponds are depicted within the study site, between the fields. Apart from this little else has changed.

4.6.12 The 1883-1884 Ordnance Survey Map (Fig. 5) shows that two field boundaries have been removed from within the study site. The remnants of hedgerows are, however, still visible within the location of the previous boundaries.

4.6.13 The 1903 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 6) shows the removal of another field boundary from within the study site. The north-east/ south-west field boundary has been extended to join the north-west/ south-east field boundary transecting the study site. The present day field layout within the study site has been formed by this time. The remnants of hedgerow along the old field boundaries have been removed. Two ponds are still present within the study site.

4.6.14 The 1924 (Fig. 7) and the 1954 (not illustrated) Ordnance Survey maps show little change.

4.6.15 The 1967-1968 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 8) shows that one of the ponds within the study site has gone and the south-western part of the study site is being used as ‘playing fields’. Brewood has undergone considerable development by this time, with houses extending up the south-western boundary of the study site.

4.6.16 The 1980-1989 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 9) shows no change within the study site. A football ground has, however, been developed to the south-east of the study site by this time.

Summary

4.6.17 Historic mapping demonstrates that the study site was located within an area of agricultural land on the periphery of Brewood throughout the Post-Medieval period and Modern period. Medieval strip fields were preserved within the study site as field boundaries until they were gradually removed during the 19th and into the 20th century. Part of the study site was temporarily used as a playing field in the latter half of the 20th century.

4.8 Historic Landscape

4.8.1 The Staffordshire Historic Landscape Characterisation records that the study site is located within an area of piecemeal enclosure (HST27672). This type refers solely to those areas which had previously been open arable fields from the Medieval period onwards. These are identified through map evidence by the reverse ‘S’, curvilinear and sometimes dog-leg field boundaries which indicate that the enclosure has followed the

earthworks of the former Medieval strip fields (or open fields) (Staffordshire County Council 2008).

4.8.2 Piecemeal enclosure is a process which documentary sources suggest had begun in Staffordshire by the early 16th century, with the last fields appearing to have been enclosed during the 18th century. The enclosure was carried out incrementally by means of informal, verbal agreements between farmers who wished to consolidate their holdings (the individual strips spread across the open field system) (Staffordshire County Council 2008).

4.8.3 The Historic England Archive has recorded the Historic Environment Character Zones on the outskirts of Brewood. The study site largely falls within one of these zones: BWHECZ 2- North of Brewood (see Appendix 1). The HEA states that this zone is dominated by a field system identified as being ‘Piecemeal Enclosure’. Historically there has been little settlement within the zone and the extant buildings comprise two historic farmsteads, a late 20th century detached house and a late 20th century industrial estate. It is clear that from at least the Medieval period the zone was principally in agricultural use.

4.8.4 Medieval strip fields were preserved within the study site as field boundaries until they were gradually removed during the 19th and into the 20th century. The external boundaries and the central north-west/ south-east boundary have been present since the 1803 Map of Brewood Parish (Fig. 3). The north-eastern part of the field boundary between field B and C has also been present since this time. The south-western part of this boundary, which joins it with the field boundary for field A, was extended to connect to it in late 19th/ early 20th century.

4.9 Designated Heritage Assets

4.9.1 There are no designated assets (Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens and Registered Battlefields) identified within the study site or within the immediate vicinity of the study site.

4.9.2 There are 58 listed buildings and one Conservation Areas located within the wider 1km search area. The majority of listed buildings are grade II listed and are located within the Conservation Area. A plan showing the location of these buildings is included in Appendix 1.

4.9.3 The only listed building located outside of the Conservation Area, is the closest listed building to the study site. It is the grade II listed Somerford Bridge (NHL 1295192) and is located c.495m east of the study site. The Brewood Conservation Area is located c.500m south-west of the study site. Late 20th century development on the outskirts of Brewood is located between the study site and the Conservation Area.

4.9.4 All of the listed buildings and the Conservation Area are screened from the study site by intervening modern development. The study site is not considered to form part of their setting.

4.9.5 One Scheduled Monument is located within the wider 1km search area. This is a Roman Villa and is located c.700m north-east of the study site (NHL 1006082). A further five scheduled monuments are located within the wider landscape (between 1.5km and 2.5km from the study site). These consist of a number of Roman military sites which have been identified in the vicinity of Stretton Mill and Water Eaton (Table 1).

Table 1: Scheduled Monument located within the wider landscape Name NHL reference Distance from Site (km) Roman villa 270m north-west of Engleton Hall 1006082 0.7

Site of Pennocrucium, east of Stretton Bridge 1006121 1.6

Roman fort west of Eaton House 1006098 1.7

Roman Camp north-east of Stretton Mill 1006120 1.6

Two Roman camps north of Water Eaton 1006097 2

Roman camp, Kinvaston 1006104 2.5

Scheduled Roman Villa (NHL1006082) 4.9.6 Roman villas consist of a range of sites that are most likely high status farming estate centres demonstrating wealth and intrusive structural types (Historic England 2011). Villas can be classified as either major or minor on the basis of size and embellishment, but there is also what may be termed palatial sites (Historic England 2011).

4.9.7 The partial excavation of this Roman villa has shown that it survives well. The asset includes the buried remains of a villa situated on a slightly elevated position on the eastern bank of the River Penk. Excavation in the 1930s revealed a winged courtyard layout facing east, including at least four principal rooms, a bath house wing and portico. There were also traces of a defensive boundary including a bank and ditch surround the villa complex. At least three building phases were identified and the artefacts recovered suggest occupation at the site from at least the 2nd to 4th century.

Setting

4.9.8 The villa site is situated on a raised terrace next to the River Penk.

4.9.9 The immediate setting of the villa site is characterised by its position next to the River Penk and surrounding agricultural land.

4.9.10 The wider setting of the villa site comprises its relationship with Watling Street which is located just over 450m to the north and the Roman town of Pennocrucium which is located situated just over 700m to the north-east (NHL 1006121).

Scheduled Roman Military Sites 4.9.11 A number of Roman military sites have been identified in the vicinity of Stretton Mill and Water Eaton, near to the where Watling Street crosses the River Penk. They include the defended settlement of Pennocrucium, a large Vexillation fortress, forts, and a number of camps. They are discussed in detail below.

4.9.12 The military sites all survive as buried archaeological features and deposits and they will contain archaeological and environmental evidence relating to their construction, layout, and use.

4.9.13 The NHL details that the relationship between these Roman military sites is of great significance to Roman military strategy, and Roman occupation and settlement during the Romano-British occupation period.

Scheduled Site of Pennocrucium (NHL 1006121) 4.9.14 Pennocrucium is a small Roman town. The site consists of an agricultural field with no upstanding remains. Despite ploughing, the site survives well and is known from excavation to possess particularly well-preserved archaeological remains relating to its occupation, use and abandonment.

4.9.15 Five types of town are known to have existed in Roman Britain: coloniae, municipia, civitas capitals, Roman provincial capitals and Roman small towns. The first four types can be classified as `public towns' because each had an official status within the provincial administrative system. Roman small towns are settlements of urban character which lack the administrative status of public towns, but which are nevertheless recognisably urban in terms of morphology, features and function. They tend to lack the planned rectangular street grids, public buildings and well-appointed town houses of the public towns and instead are generally characterised by mainly insubstantial timber or half-timbered structures. Some small towns possess an enclosing wall, while others have masonry or earthwork defences. Additional features include temples, bath houses, ovens, kilns and cemeteries.

4.9.16 Some small towns had their origins in earlier military sites and developed into independent urban areas following the abandonment of the forts. Others developed alongside major roads and were able to exploit a wide range of commercial opportunities as a result of their location. There are over 130 Roman small towns recorded in England; these are mainly concentrated in the Midlands and central southern England. Some examples have survived as undeveloped `greenfield' sites and consequently possess particularly well-preserved archaeological remains.

4.9.17 The scheduled area of Pennocrucium includes the part of a small Roman town surviving within a rectangular defended enclosure situated on the eastern side of the Penk Valley. In total it covers an area of up to 5 hectares. The site was originally identified through aerial photography. Archaeological excavations through the north and south defences revealed three ditches enclosing an area of up to 2.5 hectares astride Watling Street. The Roman road appears to enter the site through the centre of its southern defences. Excavations in the interior have identified timber buildings fronting onto Watling Street with gardens and rubbish pits to the rear, cobbled lanes, a well and pottery dating from late first to the fourth century AD.

4.9.18 Ribbon development outside the defences was noted during the widening of Watling Street in 1956 but does not form part of this scheduling. The Roman fort to the south- east of the monument (NHL 1006098) is the subject of a separate scheduling and the relationship between the two sites has not been confirmed.

Scheduled Roman forts (NHL 1006098, 1006120 and 1006104) 4.9.19 Roman forts served as permanent bases for auxiliary units of the Roman Army. In outline they were straight sided rectangular enclosures with rounded corners, defined by a single rampart of turf, puddled clay or earth with one or more outer ditches. Some forts had separately defended, subsidiary enclosures or annexes, allowing

additional storage space or for the accommodation of troops and convoys in transit. Although built and used throughout the Roman period, the majority of forts were constructed between the mid-first and mid-second centuries AD. Some were only used for short periods of time but others were occupied for extended periods on a more or less permanent basis. In the earlier forts, timber was used for gateways, towers and breastworks. From the beginning of the second century AD there was a gradual replacement of timber with stone. Roman forts are rare nationally and are extremely rare south of the Severn Trent line. As one of a small group of Roman military monuments, which are important in representing army strategy and therefore government policy, forts are of particular significance to our understanding of the period. All Roman forts with surviving archaeological potential are considered to be nationally important.

4.9.20 Four Roman forts are located within the vicinity of Watling Street and in close proximity to one another. They are covered by three separate designations, details of these Scheduled Monuments are provided within Table 2 below.

Table 2: Description of the Scheduled Roman forts NHL Ref. Description 1006098 This Roman fort is located c.1.7km north-east of the study site. The Roman fort is situated on slightly elevated ground to the east of the Penk valley.

The fort survives as cropmarks known from aerial photography. The fort is square in plan with two or more ditches and measures externally up to 160m across occupying an area of just over 2 hectares. Pottery scatters included rusticated ware, an amphora neck, mortaria fragments, Samian and quern.

The fort lies to the south of Watling Street. In the later Roman period a small defended settlement called Pennocrucium was laid out astride Watling Street, which lies just to the north-west of the monument. 1006120 Although named a camp this monument consists of a Roman fort. It is located c.1.6km north-east of the study site.

The fort is known from cropmarks identified on aerial photographs and survives as a rectangular enclosure with rounded corners aligned north west to south east enclosed by double ditches on its north west, north east and south west sides and a single ditch on its south east side. It

NHL Ref. Description measures externally 150m in length (north-west – south-east) and 130m in width (south-west – north-east), covering a total area of approximately 2 hectares. Further ditches located to the south-east appear as an extension to the fort enclosing an additional area of approximately 0.4 hectares. Excavations have confirmed the location of the ditches and pottery fragments from its internal ditch date from AD 50–200.

Earthworks to the north-east of the monument may represent the site of an annexe to the fort but are not included in the scheduling as they have not been formally assessed.

The fort is situated on slightly sloping elevated ground overlooking the River Penk valley to the east. The fort lies 250m north of Watling Street. 1006104 This monument consists of two Roman forts located c.2.5km north-east of the study site.

The two Roman forts are situated on gentle sloping ground to the west where it meets the River Penk and to the south where a stream runs approximately 50m from its southern boundary. The forts lie 650m north of Watling Street. The monument is known from cropmarks visible from aerial photographs and survives as two double ditched rectangular enclosures with rounded corners.

Excavation indicates that the larger enclosure is earlier in date, and finds including Samian, coarse ware and fragments of amphora suggest a mid-1st century date for construction of the earlier fort with occupation continuing until the early Flavian period. A rubbish dump has also been identified at the western limit of the monument by the river containing charcoal, daub, pottery, bone and large stones.

The earlier fort has been identified as a possible vexillation fortress. This enhances the significance of the monument. Vexillation fortresses - campaigning bases holding a mixed detachment of between 2500 and 4000 legionary and auxiliary troops - are rare nationally with less than 20 identified examples, most of which are situated in the Midlands.

Scheduled Two Roman camps north of Water Eaton (NHL 1006097) 4.9.21 Roman camps are rectangular or sub-rectangular enclosures which were constructed and used by Roman soldiers both when out on campaign or as practice camps; most campaign camps were only temporary overnight bases and few were used for longer periods. They were bounded by a single earthen rampart and outer ditch and in plan are always straight-sided with rounded corners. Normally they have between one and four entrances, although as many as eleven have been recorded. Such entrances were usually centrally placed in the sides of the camp and were often protected by additional defensive outworks. Roman camps are found throughout much of England, although most known examples lie in the midlands and north. Around 140 examples have been identified and, as one of the various types of defensive enclosure built by the Roman Army, particularly in hostile upland and frontier areas, they provide an important insight into Roman military strategy and organisation. All well-preserved examples are identified as being of national importance.

4.9.22 The two Roman camps c.1.5km north-east of the study site survive as buried archaeological features. The monument includes two Roman camps situated on the eastern bank of the River Penk. Both camps have been discovered from cropmarks on aerial photographs. The most northerly of the camps is visible as a single ditch roughly rectangular in plan with rounded corners. It measures externally up to 165m south- west to north-east and up to 100m north-west to south-east enclosing an area of approximately 1.5 hectares. The northern corner of another camp appears to be located just under 50m to the south-east. A single ditch appears to extend 200m in length on its north-west side, and its north-east side appears to extend 175m in length, taking advantage of a pronounced crest at the south east corner of the field. Its south-west and south-east sides cannot be currently traced but the camp is estimated to be rectangular in plan enclosing an area of approximately 3.5 hectares. The two camps lie just over 320m north of Watling Street.

Setting of the Roman Military Sites

4.9.23 This group of Roman military sites is located near to the where Watling Street crosses the River Penk. They occupy a strategic location and a nodal point in the Roman road system with roads leaving Watling Street for Chester, Wroxeter, Greensforge, and perhaps Metchley.

4.9.24 The immediate setting of the Roman Military sites is characterised by their relationship to Watling Street along which they are located and their relationship to one another, which appears to have been strategic. The immediate setting of the military sites is

also characterised by their relationship to the River Penk, with which they are situated within close proximity to.

4.9.25 The wider setting of these heritage assets comprises an extensive agricultural landscape, interspersed with hedgerows, woodlands, roads, farms and small settlements. The study site is located over 1.5km from these assets within agricultural land on the edge of the settlement of Brewood.

4.10 Assessment of Significance

Undesignated Archaeological Assets 4.9.1 One undesignated archaeological asset is recorded within the study site. This is a Medieval find of a Lead Bulla (HER MST16201). This was recovered during metal detecting and is no longer present; it therefore has no remaining archaeological significance within the study site.

4.9.2 Geophysical survey carried out across the study site has only identified the below ground remains related to agricultural activity. On the basis of the available evidence, the study site is considered to have a low potential for significant remains from any period.

4.9.3 The geophysical survey results support the documentary and cartographic evidence that the study site has been agricultural land since at least the Medieval period. No extant ridge and furrow is visible within the study site. Any archaeological remains dating to these periods are likely to derive from agricultural practices (i.e. the remains of field boundaries and plough furrows). Any below-ground remains relating to former Medieval and Post-Medieval agricultural activity would be of limited archaeological significance.

Historic Landscape 4.9.4 The study site is located within the Historic Environment Character Zones BWHECZ 2- North of Brewood. The HEA states that historic field pattern forms the basis of the character of the whole zone. The Medieval origin of this landscape is still coherent in the form of the surviving field boundaries. Many of the hedgerows contain mature vegetation and are testimony to this early enclosure. The field system is associated with the Medieval origins of Brewood and therefore forms an important element of the historical development of the settlement. The historic landscape within which the study site is located therefore has a high historical value.

4.9.5 The north-west/ south-east field boundary transecting the study site (the north- eastern boundary of field A) and the external field boundaries retain the highest historical value as they appear to preserve boundaries of the Medieval strip fields and have been present on the historic mapping since the 1808 Map of the Brewood Parish (Fig. 3). The north-east/ south-west boundary (transecting fields B and C) has partially been present since this time, but the south-western part of this boundary, which joins it with the field boundary for field A was extended to connect to it in late 19th/ early 20th century. This part of the field boundary within the study site retains less historical value.

Designated Archaeological Assets

Scheduled Roman Villa (NHL1006082) 4.9.6 The significance of the Roman villa predominantly derives from its evidential (archaeological) values. These comprise of buried archaeological remains and environmental evidence relating to its construction, development and use over a period of at least 200 years. This information is also important for the study of Roman villa sites and settlement patterns. The evidential value of the villa would not be harmed by the proposed development.

4.9.7 It is likely that the villa was situated in this location because of its proximity to the River Penk. Its contextual and aesthetic relationship to the River Penk therefore contributes to its historical value and is an aspect of its significance. This relationship is best appreciated from the immediate setting of the asset. The immediate setting of the villa site therefore contributes to its significance. The study site is located c.0.7km to the south-west of the villa, beyond the River Penk, so this aspect of the immediate setting of the villa would not be harmed.

4.9.8 The relationship between the asset and Watling Street and a number of Romano- British sites to the north-east including the Roman town of Pennocrucium make an important contribution to the historic and aesthetic value of this asset. The wider setting of the villa to the north-east therefore contributes to its significance. The study site is located to the south-west of the villa so this aspect of the wider setting of the villa would not be harmed.

4.9.9 Historically the villa would have been surrounded by agricultural land. The historical and aesthetic values of the agricultural landscape surrounding the villa are therefore important aspects of its significance (i.e. view of surrounding agricultural land).

4.9.10 The agricultural landscape immediately surrounding the villa would not be harmed by the proposed development. The study site is located over c0.7km south-west of the villa and only forms a small and distant part of the wider agricultural landscape. This is a very minor aspect of the setting of the villa, it therefore only makes a very minor contribution to the aesthetic value of the villa. Given this, the study site makes more than a negligible contribution to its overall significance.

Roman Military Sites (NHL 1006121, 1006098, 1006120 and 1006104 and1006097) 4.9.11 The significance of the Roman military sites predominantly derives from their evidential (archaeological) values. These comprise of buried archaeological features and deposits which will archaeological and environmental evidence relating to the monument’s construction, layout, and use. This would not be harmed by the proposed development.

4.9.12 It is likely that these assets are associated within Watling Street and one another. Their contextual relationship to Watling Street and one another therefore contributes to their historical value and is an aspect of their significance. Another reason for siting these assets within this location would have been their proximity to the River Penk. Their contextual and aesthetic relationship to the River Penk therefore contributes to their historical value and is an aspect of their significance. These relationships are best appreciated from the immediate setting of these assets. The immediate setting of the Roman military sites therefore contributes to the significance of these assets.

4.9.13 Historically these assets have been surrounded by agricultural land in order to supply the populations within the military sites. The historical and aesthetic values of the agricultural landscape surrounding the Roman military sites are therefore an important aspect of their significance (i.e. view of surrounding agricultural land).

4.9.14 The agricultural landscape immediately surrounding the monuments would not be harmed by the proposed development. The study site is located over 1.5km from these monuments and only forms a small and distant part of the wider agricultural landscape. This is a very minor aspect of the setting of the Roman military sites; it therefore only forms a very minor contribution to the aesthetic value of the military sites. Given this, the study site makes more than a negligible contribution to the overall significance of these monuments.

5.0 THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT ON HERITAGE ASSETS

5.1 The Proposed Development

5.1.1 The proposed development will comprise a minimum of 53 dwellings with vehicular access taken from Engleton Lane. Public open space (including drainage features) will be accommodated in the northern extent of the study site providing an opportunity for the provision of new landscape planting that would provide a soft edge to development and a more rural approach to the village.

5.2 Impact on Heritage Assets

Undesignated Archaeological; Assets 5.2.1 The proposed development consists of small-scale residential development. Construction will involve the excavation of trenches for building foundations, service runs and larger areas of topsoil stripping for new road construction.

5.2.2 These operations have the potential to damage or remove any surviving buried archaeological remains. However, there are no significant archaeological assets recorded on the study site and, on the basis of the available evidence, the study site is considered to have a low potential for any significant archaeological remains.

5.2.3 One undesignated archaeological asset recorded within the study site. This is a Medieval find of a Lead Bulla (HER MST16201). This was recovered during metal detecting and is no longer present on the site. The proposed development would therefore have no impact upon this asset.

5.2.4 The proposed development would impact on the below ground remains of Medieval and Post-Medieval agricultural activity (such as field boundaries and unstratified finds). However, this is not considered a constraint to development.

Historic Landscape 5.2.5 The field boundaries would be largely retained as part of the proposed development. The south-western part of the field boundary which transects fields B and C would be removed. This part of the field boundary was, however, added in the late 19th/ early 20th century and is not part of the Medieval strip fields. There would be some additional planting along the north-eastern boundary of the study site. There would be some impact upon the historic landscape, but it would be minimal as the historic boundaries would be retained. This should therefore not preclude development.

Designated Archaeological Assets

Scheduled Roman Villa (NHL1006082) 5.2.6 The study site is located within agricultural land to the north of modern settlement within Brewood c.07km south-west of the villa. Intervening topography and vegetation screen the study site from this asset (Plate 10).

5.2.7 The study site comprises only a small and relatively distant part of the wider agricultural setting of the villa. Additionally the value/ experience of the wider agricultural setting only forms a minor contribution to the overall significance of the villa.

5.2.8 Given the above, the lack of intervisibility between the villa and the study site, and the distances involved, it is considered that the proposed development would not alter the setting of the villa, resulting in no harm to the significance of this designated heritage asset.

Roman Military Sites (NHL 1006121, 1006098, 1006120 and 1006104 and1006097) 5.2.9 The study site is located within agricultural land to the north of modern settlement within Brewood over 1.5km south-west of the Roman military sites. Intervening topography and vegetation screen the study site from all of these assets (Plates 11 and 12).

5.2.10 The study site comprises only a small and relatively distant part of the wider agricultural setting of the Roman military sites. Additionally the value/ experience of the wider agricultural setting only forms a minor contribution to the overall significance of these assets.

5.2.11 Given the above, the lack of intervisibility between the Roman military sites and the study site, and the distances involved, it is considered that the proposed development would not alter their setting, resulting in no harm to the significance of these designated heritage assets.

6.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

6.1 This report addresses archaeological issues as required by the NPPF. It provides detailed information on the archaeological potential of the study site and an assessment of the potential impact development may have on the significance of Scheduled assets within the wider landscape.

6.2 The assessment has established that no designated heritage assets are recorded within the study site. One undesignated archaeological asset recorded within the study site. This is a Medieval find of a Lead Bulla (HER MST16201). This was recovered during metal detecting and is no longer present; it therefore has no remaining archaeological significance within the study site.

6.3 One Scheduled Monument is located within the wider 1km search area. This is a Roman Villa and is located c.700m north-east of the study site (NHL 1006082). A further five Scheduled Monuments are located within the wider landscape (between 1.5km and 2.5km from the study site). These consist of a number of Roman military sites. The relationship between the military sites is of great significance to Roman military strategy and Roman occupation and settlement during the Romano-British period.

6.4 This assessment has established that the study site comprises only a small and relatively distant part of the wider agricultural setting of these designated heritage assets. Additionally the value/ experience of the wider agricultural setting only forms a minor contribution to the overall significance of these assets. Given this and the lack of intervisibility between the Roman military sites and the study site, it is considered that the proposed development would not alter their setting, resulting in no harm to the significance of these designated heritage assets.

6.5 A geophysical survey was carried out across the study site as part of this assessment. It has identified below ground remains related to agricultural activity. There was no evidence for any other activity underlying the agricultural activity. Therefore on the basis of the available evidence, the study site is considered to have a low potential for significant remains from any period. Any below-ground remains relating to former Medieval and Post-Medieval agricultural activity would be of limited archaeological significance and are not considered a constraint to development.

6.6 It is considered that, in the context of the NPPF, this assessment represents a proportionate response in this instance. The Planning Archaeologist may require a programme of archaeological investigation as a condition of consent to confirm the absence of significant archaeological remains from the study site.

SOURCES CONSULTED

General Staffordshire Historic Environment Record Staffordshire Archives British Geological Survey National Planning Policy Framework South Staffordshire Core Strategy (adopted 2012) Historic England Archive Historic England Archive Historic Environment Character Zones Historic England National Heritage List

Bibliographic Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (2014) Standards and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessment

Cuttler, R. Dingwall, L (2001) The Pavement, Brewood, Staffordshire Archaeological Investigations 1999-2000. Post-Excavation Assessment and Research Design.

Historic England (2011) Introductions to Heritage Assets: Roman Settlements

Historic England (2015) Good Practice Advice Note 3 'The Setting of Heritage Assets'

Margary, I. D. (1967) Roman Roads in Britain

Staffordshire County Council (2008) Methodology for the refined HLC for Staffordshire.

Staffordshire County Council (2013). Staffordshire Extensive Urban Survey: Brewood Historic Character Assessment

Williams, A. and Martin, G. (2003) Domesday Book: A Complete Translation

Cartographic Sources 1775 Yates Map of Staffordshire 1808 Map of Brewood Parish 1838 draft Tithe Map Ordnance Survey, 1884 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1902 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1924 1:2500

Ordnance Survey, 1962 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1977-1988 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1991 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1993 1:2500 Ordnance Survey, 1883-1884 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1903 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1924 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, 1954 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 1967-1968 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 1980-1989 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 2000 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 2006 1:10000 Ordnance Survey, 2016 1:10000

Cheshire

Derbyshire

Staffordshire

Leic Shropshire

West Midlands

Worcestershire Warwickshire

C B A

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Location N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 1: Site Location Planning • Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right [2013] M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\Corel JT/ Sept 2016

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 2: 1775 Yates Map of Planning • Heritage Staffordshire www.cgms.co.uk

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\Corel JT/ Sept 2016

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 3: 1808 Map of Brewood Planning • Heritage Parish www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 4: 1838 Draft Tithe Map Planning • Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 5: 1883 - 1884 Ordnance Planning • Heritage Survey 1:10,560 www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 6: 1903 Ordnance Survey Planning • Heritage 1:10,560 www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 7: 1924 Ordnance Survey Planning • Heritage 1:10,560 www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 8: 1967 - 1968 Ordnance Planning • Heritage Survey 1:10,000 www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 9: 1980 - 1989 Ordnance Planning • Heritage Survey 1:10,000 www.cgms.co.uk

Not to Scale: Illustrative Only Legend

Site Boundary N Engleton Lane Brewood

Figure 10: 2006 Ordnance Survey Planning • Heritage 1:10,000 www.cgms.co.uk

© Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 © CgMs M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\Corel JT/Sept 2016

Plate 1: View north-east along the north-western boundary of field A Plate 2: View south-east along the south-western boundary of field A

Plate 3: View north-east along the south-eastern boundary of field A Plate 4: View south-east along the north-eastern boundary of field A

Plates 1 - 4 © CgMs M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\Corel JT/Sept 2016

Plate 5: View south-west across field A Plate 6: View north-east across field B

Plate 7: View north-east from the north-eastern boundary of the study site within Plate 8: View north-east from the north-eastern boundary of the study site within field B field C Plates 5 - 8 © CgMs M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\Corel JT/Sept 2016

Plate 9: View north-east along the north-western boundary of field C Plate 10: View south-west towards the study site from the Scheduled Roman Villa (NHL 1006082)

Plate 11: View south-west towards the study site from the lane to the south of the Plate 12: View south-west towards the study site from the Scheduled Roman Scheduled Roman Camp (NHL 1006120) settlement (NHL 1006121) Plates 9 - 12 Heritage Impact Assessment Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire

Appendix 1

Staffordshire Historic Environment Record entries and plans

Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

1006082 ROMAN VILLA Site Boundary 1km Radius Scheduled Monument Conservation Area

310000 Listed Buildings !( Grade I !( Grade II* !( Grade II

SHROPSHIRE UNION CANAL 309500

!( 1295192 SOMERFORD BRIDGE 1039334 Grade II RC CHURCH OF ST MARY 1374049 Grade II 4, SHOP LANE Grade II

1039317 !( IONA 309000 !( Grade II !( !( !( !( !( !( !( 1039316 !( !(!( 15, STAFFORD STREET !( !( !( !(!( !( Grade II !( !(!( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( BREWOOD !(!( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( ± 1060197 1060202 !( !( 1039313 CHURCH OF ST MARY AND ST CHAD !( WESTGATE !( !( AGRICULTURAL BUILDING Grade I !( Grade II* !( !( Grade II !( Scale at A3: 1:9,000 !( 0 250 !(!( m !(!( !( 1039312

308500 !( SHROPSHIRE UNION CANAL !( BREWOOD HALL Grade II Engleton Lane Brewood

Appendix 1: Designated Heritage Assets within 1km 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16 312500

!( 312000

!( Planning ● Heritage !( !( !( !( www.cgms.co.uk !( !( 1180222 STRETTON HALL 1006104 Grade II* ROMAN CAMP !( !( KINVASTON 1374085 CHURCH OF ST JOHN Site Boundary Grade II* 311500 2.6km Radius 1006104 ROMAN CAMP !(!( !( KINVASTON Scheduled

1006120 1006097 CAMP NE STRETTON MILL TWO ROMAN CAMPS Monument

!( Designated !(

311000 Parks and !( !( 1006121 SITE OF PENNOCRUCIUM Gardens

!(!( !( 1006121 SITE OF PENNOCRUCIUM Conservation Area 1006098 ROMAN FO RT Listed 310500 !( !( Buildings

!( 1252181 1006082 SHROPSHIRE UNION CANAL ROMAN VILLA BELVIDE ROUND HOUSE AND RETAINING WALL, BELVIDE RESERVOIR !( Grade I Grade II* !( Grade II*

310000 !( Grade II

SHROPSHIRE UNION CANAL 309500

1295192 SOMERFORD BRIDGE 1039334 Grade II RC CHURCH OF ST MARY 1374049 Grade II 4, SH OP LAN E Grade II

1039317 IO NA Grade II 309000

1039316 15, STAFFORD STREET Grade II

BREWOOD !(

!( 1060197 1060202 CHURCH OF ST MARY AND ST CHAD 1039313 WESTGATE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING Grade I Grade II* !( Grade II 1039352 SOMERFORD HALL Grade II*

1039312 SHROPSHIRE UNION CANAL BREWOOD HALL Grade II 308500 !(

!( !( !( !( !(

!( !( !( 308000

1001164 CHILLINGTON Grade II*

!( !( ±

!( !( 307500 !( Scale at A3: 1:22,000 !( 0 650 !( m

Engleton Lane

307000 Brewood

Appendix 1: Designated Heritage Assets within 2.6km 385500 386000 386500 387000 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 390500 391000 391500 392000 392500 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16 310500

Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

Site Boundary 1km Radius HEA Historic Environment Character Zones 310000 309500

BWHECZ 2 Brewood - North of Brewood 309000

BWHECZ 3 Brewood - Four Ashes Road ±

Scale at A3: 1:9,000 0 250 m BWHECZ 4 Brewood - Hill Top and Tinkers Lane 308500 Engleton Lane Brewood

Appendix 1: Historic Environment Character Zones 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16 310500

EST151 Engleton Roman Villa Planning ● Heritage Exc www.cgms.co.uk

Site Boundary 1km Radius HER Events 310000 309500

EST2328 Historic character assessment of Brewood Extensive Urban Survey of Staffordshire

EST1729 St. Dominic's School WB 309000

EST2366 EST2599 Bargate House 1 Sandy Lane DBA WB

EST1723 Land at No.3 Newport Street WB ± EST752 EST814 8 Market Place Land south of The Pavement Ev Ev Scale at A3: 1:9,000 0 250 EST593 m Church of St Mary and St Chad EST2091 EST850 WB Dean House 308500 The Pavement, Brewood WB Exc and WB Engleton Lane EST2385 EST2183 Brewood The Admiral Rodney, 21 Dean Street Medieval Tanning and Retting at Brewood WB Exc Appendix 1: HER Events 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16 310500

Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

Site Boundary 1km Radius HER Monument Polygons - Buildings only

01071 MST1069 310000

56315 MST20443

56316 MST20444 56308 MST20436 55506 MST19275 56302 MST20430 56309 MST20437 56262 MST20390 56513 MST20641

309500 12323 MST8781 12392 MST8888 10009 MST8777 56264 MST20392 12393 MST8889 09038 MST10444 56263 MST20391 12375 MST8879

56303 MST20431 09080 MST8955 09081 MST8956 55505 MST19274 58469 MST22335 55504 MST19273

56509 MST20637 56292 MST20420

55498 MST19267 55503 MST19272

55499 MST19268 56515 MST20643

55500 MST19269 55482 MST19251

55501 MST19270 55502 MST19271 12394 MST8954 309000 56310 MST20438 55494 MST19263 09035 MST10445 56293 MST20421 09037 MST8779 56294 MST20422 02277 MST2267 09053 MST8862 58465 MST22331 09054 MST8863 56290 MST20418 55507 MST19276

12368 MST8871 55484 MST19253 53559 MST17325 56512 MST20640 12373 MST8877 12391 MST8887 ± 56289 MST20417 55568 MST19337 12367 MST8870 09034 MST5172 Scale at A3: 1:9,000 55493 MST19262 09065 MST8778 0 250 56304 MST20432 m 55497 MST19266 01827 MST1819 56307 MST20435 12366 MST8869 308500 Engleton Lane 09060 MST8867 09033 MST5171 12372 MST8876 Brewood 55478 MST19247 09055 MST8864 56510 MST20638 55492 MST19261 56291 MST20419 Appendix 1: 56507 MST20635 56265 MST20393 09059 MST8866 HER Monuments 12365 MST8868 09057 MST8865 09033 MST5171 - buildings only 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16

55185 MST18954 Ridge and Furrow, Horsebrook 310500

Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

00217 MST217 Engleton Hall Roman Villa Site Boundary 55186 MST18955 Ridge and Furrow, Horsebrook 55187 MST18956 1km Radius Ridge and Furrow, Horsebrook 53969 MST17738 HER Marl Pit, East of Broom Hall, Brewood 55012 MST18781 Water Meadow Monument 61274 MST16119 !( Dagger Guard Findspot Points - excluding

!( 55011 MST18780 Buildings 310000 Ridge and furrow, Engleton Hall HER Monument 61273 MST16018 Medieval Purse Bar Findspot Lines 61279 MST17041 55477 MST19246 Crucifix Findspot Site of mill race, Engleton Mill HER Monument 60587 MST16120 Possible Lead Weight Findspot 61277 MST17039 Regions - Medieval Brooch Pin Findspot excluding 56012 MST20130 61278 MST17040 Finger Post, Engleton Lane Buildings Toy Cauldron Findspot !( !( !( 61276 MST16927 Figurine (Spoon Terminal) Findspot

61272 MST16485 !( !( Roman Finds 61271 MST16434 !( Jews Harps Findspot !( 309500 61270 MST15936

Late Medieval-Early Post-Medieval Finds

51583 MST12994 !( 56013 MST20131 Post-Medieval Features Finger Post 58468 MST22334 61275 MST16201 North of Somerford Bridge Garden Wall, Dawscroft Lead Bulla Findspot 51583 MST12994 Post-Medieval Features !( 52345 MST13778 Cropmark Feature !( 51586 MST12997 55481 MST19250 !(!( Hammerstone Find Site of Deansfield House 56312 MST20440 52344 MST13777 58467 MST22333 Ridge and Furrow 51587 MST12998 Driveway / Walk Finger Post, Shop Lane Unstratified Finds The Beeches 01070 MST1068 56516 MST20644 Somerford Bridge 60816 MST16217 Trough And Hand Pump Harness Pendant Findspot 56313 MST20441 12344 MST8808 Finger Post, Market Place Somerford Bridge 13023 MST8780 !( 309000 Telephone Kiosk 01069 MST1067 !( 01072 MST1070 Site of Bishop's Manor House !(!( Market Cross 61121 MST16200 !( 02344 MST2334 Silver Shilling Findspot 58466 MST22332 Brewood (Settlement) Gate Piers !( 32-34 Newport Street 12336 MST8800 John Bile Memorial !( !( 51561 MST12972 !( !( 12343 MST8807 52739 MST14173 Robert Walker Memorial Medieval and Post-Medieval Features !( Brewood Hall Farm Newport Street The Pavement !(!( !( !(!( !( 55479 MST19248 !( ± Site of National School !( !(

55480 MST19249 Site of vicarage, Church Road 55483 MST19252 Scale at A3: 1:9,000 !( Site of Congregational Chapel 0 250 54162 MST17931 m 12339 MST8803 Ridge and furrow earthworks Joseph Phipps Memorial 01616 MST1608 308500 Roman Coins and Pottery Finds Engleton Lane 12341 MST8805 Brewood Turner family Memorial 56776 MST20904 12335 MST8799 Rubbish Pits 12342 MST8806 Anslow Memorial 21 Dean Street Appendix 1: Thomas Vaughton Memorial 12338 MST8802 HER Monuments Memorial 12337 MST8801 - excluding buildings 387500 388000 Lewis Lawrence388500 Memorial 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16 310500

Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

Site Boundary 1km Radius Historic Urban Character Areas 310000 309500

Brewood HUCA 7

Brewood HUCA 6

Brewood HUCA 9 Brewood HUCA 8 309000

Brewood HUCA 10

Brewood HUCA 5 Brewood HUCA 1 Brewood HUCA 4 ± Brewood HUCA 11 Brewood HUCA 3 Scale at A3: 1:9,000 0 250 Brewood HUCA 2 m

308500 Engleton Lane Brewood

Appendix 1: Historic Urban Character Areas 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16

HST36503 309500 Planning ● Heritage www.cgms.co.uk

HST36523 Site Boundary

HST36504 1km Radius

HST36518 Historic Landscape Character Type - Urban HST36537 HST36521 HST36507 Burgage Plots HST36572 Church or Chapel Detached HST36519 Property HST36569 HST36544 Educational HST36541 HST36570 HST36571 HST36520 Facility HST36522 High Status Site HST36505 HST36548 HST36542 HST36546 HST36540 Irregular Historic HST36577 Plots HST36545 HST36547 HST36506 HST36543 Market Place HST36535HST36534 HST36576 HST36532 HST36539 Miscellaneous 309000 HST36533 HST36574 Floodplain Fields HST36575 HST36573 HST36549 HST36527 Open Air Car HST36557 HST36508 Park HST36529 HST36596 HST36582 HST36530 HST36526 Other Non- HST36579 Residential HST36578 HST36528 Development HST36597 HST36509 Paddocks and HST36598 HST36531 HST36587 Closes HST36581 HST36589 Sports Fields HST36595 HST36588 HST36525 Suburb HST36584 HST36568 Suburb - Terraces HST36550 HST36591 HST36564 Suburban HST36593 HST36590 HST36510 HST36580 HST36552 Redevelopment HST36594 or Infill HST36558 HST36536 HST36586 HST36566 HST36512 Workers Cottages HST36559 HST36567 Workhouse HST36565 HST36517 HST36551 HST36511 ± HST36516

308500 HST36524 HST36538 Scale at A3: 1:5,000 HST36585 HST36513 0 150 m

HST36563 Engleton Lane HST36562 Brewood HST36560 Appendix 1: Historic Urban Character Types 388000 388500 389000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. M:\Birmingham\Cathy Patrick Archaeology Files\22631 - Engleton Lane, Brewood\Graphics\GIS\Map\HER A3 Landscape.mxd JT / 19.09.16

HST27066 310500

HST27064 Planning ● Heritage HST27060 www.cgms.co.uk

Site Boundary HST27037 1km Radius Historic Landscape Character Type Historic 310000 Settlement Core Industrial Complex HST27068 Miscellaneous Floodplain Fields HST27672 Other Parkland HST27067 HST27846 Other Plantation Piecemeal Enclosure 309500 Planned Enclosure

HST33298 HST27033 Post-1880s Settlement HST27028 Pre-1880s Settlement

HST27664 HST27843 Reorganised

HST27065 Piecemeal

HST27663 Enclosure

HST27031 Sports Fields

309000 HST27032 HST27842

HST27660

HST27662

HST27034 HST27029 ± HST27673 HST27027 HST27841 Scale at A3: 1:9,000 0 250 m HST27661

308500 Engleton Lane Brewood

HST27030 Appendix 1: Historic Landscape Characterisation 387500 388000 388500 389000 389500 390000 © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Contains, or is based upon, English Heritage's National Heritage List for England data © English Heritage. $SSHQGL[0DJQLWXGH6XUYH\V*HRSK\VLFDO6XUYH\

For CgMs Consulting

On Behalf Of Bloor Homes

Magnitude Surveys Ref: MSSJ44

September 2016 Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

Unit 17, Commerce Court

Challenge Way

Bradford

BD4 8NW

01274 926020

[email protected]

Report Written by:

Chrys Harris, BA MSc

Figures Produced by:

Leanne Swinbank, BA

Report Checked by: Finnegan Pope-Carter BA MSc FGS Report Issued: 22 September 2016

Abstract Magnitude Surveys was commissioned to assess the subsurface archaeological potential of a c. 4.3 ha area of land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire. A cart-based fluxgate gradiometer survey was successfully completed and no anomalies of a probable or possible archaeological origin were detected. The magnetic results primarily reflect agricultural activity and ferrous material of a modern origin.

1 | Page

Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report Contents Abstract ...... 1 List of Figures ...... 3 1. Introduction ...... 4 2. Quality Assurance ...... 4 3. Objectives...... 4 4. Geographic Background ...... 4 5. Archaeological Background ...... 5 6. Methodology ...... 6 Data Collection ...... 6 Data Processing ...... 6 Data Visualisation and Interpretation ...... 7 7. Results ...... 7 Qualification ...... 7 Survey Considerations ...... 7 Discussion ...... 8 Interpretation...... 8 General Statements ...... 8 Magnetic Results - Specific Anomalies ...... 8 8. Conclusions ...... 9 9. Archiving ...... 10 10. Copyright ...... 10 11. References ...... 11

2 | Page

Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report List of Figures Figure 1: Site Location 1:25,000 @ A4

Figure 2: Survey Area 1:10,000 @ A4

Figure 3: Magnetic Greyscale 1:1500 @ A3

Figure 4: Magnetic Interpretation 1:1500 @ A3

Figure 5: Magnetic Interpretation—Satellite 1:1500 @ A3

Figure 6: Magnetic Interpretation—Historic 1:2500 @ A3

Figure 7: Magnetic Interpretation—LiDAR 1:1500 @ A3

3 | Page

Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

1. Introduction Magnitude Surveys Ltd (MS) was commissioned by CgMs Consulting (CGMS) on behalf of the Bloor Homes (BH) to undertake a geophysical survey on a c. 4.3 ha area of land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire (SJ 8887 0946).

The geophysical survey comprised hand pulled, cart-mounted fluxgate gradiometer survey.

The survey was conducted in line with the current best practice guidelines produced by Historic England (David et al., 2008), the Charted Institute of Field Archaeologists (CIfA, 2014) and the European Archaeological Council (Schmidt et al., 2015).

The survey commenced on 14 September 2016 and took one day to complete.

2. Quality Assurance Project management, survey work, data processing and report production have been carried out by qualified and professional geophysicists to standards exceeding the current best practice (CIfA, 2014; David et al., 2008, Schmidt et al., 2015).

Magnitude Surveys is a corporate member of ISAP (International Society of Archaeological Prospection).

Director Graeme Attwood is a Member of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA), the chartered UK body for archaeologists, as well as a member of GeoSIG, the CIfA Geophysics Special Interest Group.

Director Finnegan Pope-Carter is a Fellow of the London Geological Society, the chartered UK body for geophysicists and geologists, as well as a member of GeoSIG, the CIfA Geophysics Special Interest Group.

All MS managers have postgraduate qualifications in archaeological geophysics. All MS field staff have relevant archaeology degrees and fields supervisors have at least three years field experience.

3. Objectives The geophysical survey aimed to assess the subsurface archaeological potential of the survey area.

The survey forms part of the archaeological evaluation required by Staffordshire County Council and shall be used to inform further investigative work.

4. Geographic Background The underlying geology comprises Mercia Mudstone Group—Mudstone and Halite-stone. Glaciofluvial and Devensian – sand and gravel superficial deposits have been recorded at the

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 4 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

western end of site and till, Devensian—Diamicton superficial deposits have been recorded at the eastern end (BGS, 2016).

The majority of the site’s soil consist of slightly acid loamy and clayey soils with impeded drainage. The northeast corner of the site consists of slowly permeable, seasonally wet, loamy and clayey soils (Soilscapes, 2016).

The site is located at the northeastern edge of Brewood. The survey area consisted of three small, flat fields, bounded by Engleton Lane on the northern edge and a housing development on the western edge. The two easternmost fields were being used for pasture at time of survey; although plough lines are visible in satellite imagery, indicating the site has been under modern agricultural usage.

5. Archaeological Background The following archaeological background forms the summary of significant heritage assets returned from a 1 km search radius around the site on Heritage Gateway (2016).

Within the survey area itself, a find spot for a Norman bulla has been recorded in the Staffordshire HER (HER No. MST16201). No other assets are recorded. In the fields directly north of the survey area, further find spots has been recorded of a Norman to post-Medieval figurine (HER No. MST16927) and a potential Roman lead object (HER No. 60587). In the field directly east of the survey area, post-Medieval agricultural activity has been identified, in the form a post-Medieval water meadow, through surviving earthworks of the head and main drains (HER No. 55012).

A number of additional find spots have been recorded in the greater landscape. An additional Roman find spot, recorded as a brooch (HER No. MST16202), has been recorded. However, the majority of these find spots are primarily Medieval to post-Medieval in age and include a purse (HER No. MST16018), crucifix (HER No. MST17041), brooch (HER No. MST17039), toy (HER No. 17040), dagger (HER No. MST16119), coin (HER No. 61121), key (HER No. 608908), scabbard and sword (HER No. 05019).

Medieval activity has also been identified in the greater landscape in the form of ridge and furrow ploughing (HER No. 55187, 55011, 54162) and marl pits (HER No. 53968).

Possible Victorian activity has been recorded as linear earthworks in the form of a former field boundary (HER No. MST13778).

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 5 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report 6. Methodology Data Collection

Geophysical prospection comprised the magnetic method as described in the following table.

Table of survey strategies:

Method Instrument Traverse Interval Sample Interval Bartington 200 Hz Instruments Grad-13 Magnetic 1 m reprojected to Digital Three-Axis 0.125 m Gradiometer

The magnetic data were collected using MS’ bespoke hand-pulled cart system.

MS’ cart system was comprised of Bartington Instruments Grad 13 Digital Three-Axis Gradiometers. Positional referencing was through a Hemisphere S321 GNSS Smart Antenna RTK GPS outputting in NMEA mode to ensure high positional accuracy of collected measurements. The Hemisphere S321 GNSS Smart Antenna is accurate to 0.008 m + 1 ppm in the horizontal and 0.015 m + 1 ppm in the vertical.

Magnetic and GPS data were logged on a USB flash drive housed in MS’ bespoke data- logger and transferred to a laptop computer for processing.

A series of temporary sight markers were established in each survey area to guide the surveyor and ensure full coverage with the cart. Data were collected by traversing the survey area along the longest possible lines, to ensure that the data was efficiently collected and processed.

Data Processing

Magnetic data were processed in bespoke in-house software produced by MS. Processing steps conform to Historic England’s standards for “raw or minimally processed data” (see sect 4.2 in David et al., 2008: 11).

Sensor Calibration – The sensors were calibrated using a bespoke in-house algorithm, which conforms to Olsen et al. (2003).

Zero Median Traverse – The median of each sensor traverse is calculated within a specified range and subtracted from the collected data. This removes striping effects caused by small variations in sensor electronics.

Projection to a Regular Grid – Data collected using RTK GPS positioning requires a uniform grid projection to visualise data. Data are rotated to best fit an orthogonal grid projection and are resampled onto the grid using an inverse distance-weighting algorithm.

Interpolation to Square Pixels – Data are interpolated using a bicubic algorithm to increase the pixel density between sensor traverses. This produces images with square pixels for ease of visualisation.

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 6 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

Data Visualisation and Interpretation

This report presents geophysical results as greyscale images. Multiple greyscales images have been used for data interpretation; these were at different plotting ranges and show different components of the vector magnetic field. This report presents the gradient of the sensors’ total field data. Greyscale images should be viewed alongside the XY trace plots, which visualise the magnitude and form of the geophysical response, aiding in anomaly interpretation. XY trace plots are included on the archive disk.

Geophysical results have been interpreted using greyscale images and XY traces in a layered environment, overlaid against open street mapping, satellite imagery, historic mapping and LiDAR data.

7. Results Qualification

Geophysical techniques are not a map of the ground and are instead a direct measurement of subsurface properties. Detecting and mapping features requires that said features have properties that can be measured by the chosen technique(s) and that these properties have sufficient contrast with the background to be identifiable. The interpretation of any identified anomalies is inherently subjective. While the scrutiny of the results is undertaken by qualified, experienced individuals and rigorously checked for quality and consistency, it is often not possible to classify all anomaly sources. Where possible an anomaly source will be identified along with the certainty of the interpretation. The only way to improve the interpretation of results is through a process of comparing excavated results with the geophysical reports. MS actively seek feedback on their reports as well as reports of further work in order to constantly improve our knowledge and service.

Survey Considerations

Survey No. Surveyed Ground Conditions Further notes: Area Survey Y/N Blocks 1 3 Y Flat fields. Long grass Sheep grazing in the two easternmost over the westernmost fields. field. Shorter grass over the easternmost fields. Refer to Figure 2 for survey area locations.

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 7 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

Discussion

The geophysical results, both greyscale images and XY traces, were interpreted in consideration with satellite imagery (Bing, 2016; Figure 5), historic mapping (Ordnance Survey, 6” 2nd edition c.1882-1913; Figure 6) and LiDAR data (Environment Agency, 2016; Figure 7).

The magnetic survey has responded well to the survey area’s environment. No anomalies of a probable or possible archaeological origin were detected. The geophysical results primarily reflect agricultural and modern activity, which correlates with features visible on satellite imagery (Figure 5) and historic mapping (Figure 6). These features will be discussed in further detail in Section 7.4.2.

Interpretation

General Statements

7.4.1.1. Geophysical anomalies will be discussed broadly as classification types across the survey area. Only anomalies that are distinctive or unusual will be discussed individually. Specific anomalies discussed within the text have been assigned numbers, which are emboldened within square parenthesis e.g. [1].

7.4.1.2. Undetermined – Anomalies are classified as Undetermined when the anomaly origin is ambiguous through the geophysical results and there is no supporting or correlative evidence to warrant a more certain classification. These anomalies are likely to be the result of geological, pedological or agricultural processes--although an archaeological origin cannot be entirely ruled out. Undetermined anomalies are generally not ferrous in nature.

7.4.1.1. Ferrous (Discrete/Spread) – Discrete ferrous-like, dipolar anomalies are likely to be the result of modern metallic disturbance on or near the ground surface. A ferrous spread refers to a concentrated scattering of these discrete, dipolar anomalies. Broad dipolar ferrous responses from modern metallic features, such as fences, gates, neighbouring buildings and services, may mask any weaker underlying archaeological anomalies should they be present.

Magnetic Results - Specific Anomalies

7.4.2.1. Ferrous (Spread) – A discrete area of concentrated strong, dipolar responses in the south-eastern field correlates with a circular feature denoted on historic mapping (Figure 6) and a depression in the LiDAR data (Figure 7). The geophysical responses suggest this feature, most likely a former pond or pit, has been deliberately infilled and contains a mixture of metallic debris or similar material. Weak, curvilinear anomalies around this feature are indicative of ploughing action.

7.4.2.2. Ferrous (Spread) – Further discrete areas of concentrated dipolar responses have been identified in the westernmost field; although these areas do not correlate with any features on the historic mapping or satellite imagery (Figure 5). These

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 8 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report

areas therefore likely represent modern refuse deposition on the field, potentially related to the management of livestock on site.

7.4.2.3. Agricultural – An 1838 tithe map (CgMs, 2016) depicts the survey area’s easternmost fields segmented into a greater number of boundaries than exist in their current form (Figure 5). A linear anomaly [1] running WSW-ENE roughly correlates with the extent of a former field boundary in the tithe mapping. Ploughing activity is evident across the easternmost fields as a series of parallel, linear anomalies. Given the limited extent of these anomalies, it is difficult to determine whether they are bounded by the former field boundaries. However, these anomalies lack the magnitude and patterning of typical ridge and furrow type responses. Furthermore, their alignment with modern ploughing lines evident in satellite imagery (Figure 5) makes interpreting a relative age for these features difficult through the geophysical results. The boundaries of the westernmost field remain comparatively consistent through the historic mapping; as a result, the agricultural anomalies in this field align with both current and historic field boundaries. However, the patterning and strength of response for these anomalies indicates a modern origin.

7.4.2.4. Undetermined – A number of weak, linear anomalies are evident across the site. These anomalies occur in isolation and are not parallel to the evident ploughing. Given their lack of occurrence with other features and a lack of distinct archaeological patterning, an Undetermined classification has been ascribed. A particular anomaly [2], appears to roughly correlate with the position of a former field boundary in an 1838 tithe map (CgMs, 2016). However, given the weak magnitude and poorly defined form of the magnetic response, an agricultural origin cannot be confidently ascribed.

8. Conclusions The magnetic survey has responded well to the survey area’s environment. The presence of weak anomalies associated with ploughing activity suggests the technique has worked successfully on site. No anomalies of possible or probable archaeological origin have been identified. A pond or pit feature denoted on historic mapping has been detected as a discrete area of mixed metallic debris, which points to a deliberate infilling of this feature.

Agricultural activity has been detected across the site in the form of a potential former field boundary and parallel, linear anomalies representing ploughing. The magnitude of response and patterning of the ploughing anomalies do not explicitly indicate ridge and furrow regimes.

Modern activity has been detected across the site in various forms. Discrete, dipolar point responses are caused by metallic material on or near the ground surface. Broad ferrous responses around the perimeter of the fields are generally caused by fences and gates. In the westernmost field, isolated areas of mixed dipolar point responses are likely caused by the deposition of modern refuse or material associated with livestock management.

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 9 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report 9. Archiving MS maintains an in-house digital archive, which is based on Schmidt and Ernenwein (2013). This archive stores the collected measurements, minimally processed data, georeferenced and un- georeferenced images, XY traces and a copy of the final report. A copy of this archive will be included in a disk with the final printed report.

MS contributes all reports to the ADS Grey Literature Library subject to any time embargo dictated by the client.

Whenever possible, MS has a policy of making data available to view in easy to use forms on its website. This can benefit the client by making all of their reports available in a single repository, while also being a useful resource for research. Should a client wish to impose a time embargo on the availability of data, this can be achieved in discussion with MS.

10. Copyright Copyright and the intellectual property pertaining to all reports, figures, and datasets produced by Magnitude Services Ltd. is retained by MS. The client is given full licence to use such material for their own purposes. Permission must be sought by any third party wishing to use or reproduce any IP owned by MS.

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 10 | Page Land at Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire MSSJ44 - Geophysical Survey Report 11. References Bing, 2016. Engleton Ln, Brewood. 52.682776, -2.1659017. ©Bing. [Accessed 15/09/2016]. British Geological Survey, 2016. Geology of Britain. ST19 9JE. [http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html/]. [Accessed 16/09/2016]. CgMs, 2016. Heritage Impact Assessment. Engleton Lane, Brewood, Staffordshire. Unpublished report by CgMs Consulting. Charted Institute for Archaeologists, 2014. Standards and guidance for archaeological geophysical survey. CIfA. David, A., Linford, N., Linford, P. and Martin, L., 2008. Geophysical survey in archaeological field evaluation: research and professional services guidelines (2nd edition). Historic England. Environment Agency, 2016. LIDAR Composite DSM – 2m [https://data.gov.uk/dataset/lidar- composite-dsm-2m1]. 52.682776, -2.1659017. [Accessed 15/09/2016]. Heritage Gateway, 2016. SJ 8887 0946. [http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/]. [Accessed 15/09/2016]. Olsen, N., Toffner-Clausen, L., Sabaka, T.J., Brauer, P., Merayo, J.M.G., Jorgensen, J.L., Leger, J.M., Nielsen, O.V., Primdahl, F., and Risbo, T., 2003. Calibration of the Orsted vector magnetometer. Earth Planets Space 55: 11-18. Ordnance Survey, 6” 2nd edition c.1882-1913. National Library of Scotland, 2016 [http://maps.nls.uk]. [Accessed 15/09/2016]. Schmidt, A. and Ernenwein, E., 2013. Guide to Good Practice: Geophysical Data in Archaeology. 2nd ed., Oxbow Books, Oxford. Schmidt, A., Linford, P., Linford, N., David, A., Gaffney, C., Sarris, A. and Fassbinder, J., 2015. Guidelines for the use of geophysics in archaeology: questions to ask and points to consider. EAC Guidelines 2. European Archaeological Council: Belgium.

Soilscapes, 2016. 52.682776, -2.1659017. Cranfield University, National Soil Resources Institute [http://landis.org.uk]. [Accessed 15/09/2016].

Magnitude Surveys Ltd 11 | Page

www.cgms.co.uk Bloor Homes Land off Engleton Lane, Brewood South Staffordshire Site Allocations Document Publication Plan

APPENDIX 5

ILLUSTRATIVE MASTERPLAN

FEBRUARY 2017 | NC | BIR.4959

KEY

PROPOSED ALLOCATION SITE BOUNDARY

88.7M GP

PROPOSED OPEN SPACE DELIVERY apply.

RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT conditions rights

PUBLIC OPEN SPACE licence OS Standard EXISTING VEGETATION

5 9 0100031673 10 PROPOSED VEGETATION number www.pegasuspg.co.uk Licence

641717 4 SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE 9 01285 EmapSite T

use. EXISTING FOOTBALL CLUB ACCESS such 100020449. to

number 7 3 RESIDENTIAL PRIMARY ROADS agreement Licence 11 8 express Promap RESIDENTIAL SECONDARY ROADS Pegasus’ 100042093.

following POND OPEN VIEWS OF COUNTRYSIDE or number client,

Licence 1 original KEY PRINCIPLES the 7

or 1. PROPOSED VEHICULAR ACCESS VIA ENGLETON LANE; 2. PRINCIPAL STREET; Survey 2 43 3. SOFT DEVELOPMENT EDGE RETAINING EXISTING

purpose, HEDGEROW; 39 4. HOUSING SET BACK TO ADDRESS VIEWS INTO THE Ordnance DEVELOPMENT UPON ARRIVAL INTO VILLAGE; original 5. SOFT DEVELOPMENT EDGE INCORPORATING SUDS; its 14 6 55 6. LINEAR RESIDENTIAL EDGE OVERLOOKING EXISTING for reserved. SPORTS AREA;

than 16 7. MAIN STREET MIDPOINT WITH FOCAL POINT

rights 35 67 BUILDINGS;

All LANE other 8. STREET WITH OUTWARDS VIEWS TOWARDS WIDER FIELD LANDSCAPE CONTEXT; 9. NEW WOODLAND PLANTING; ENGLETON copyright.

document DEACONS6 10. SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE; AND 22 11. SUPPLEMENTARY LANDSCAPE BUFFER TO BOLSTER this Crown

of GREENBELT BOUNDARY. use 25 Ltd. 2 61 5 any Group for 5 FOOTBALL GROUND 11 1 liability Planning no

19 9 1 Pegasus

accepts 17 32

6 Copyright Pegasus WESTGATE

REVISION E: 01.02.2016 9 RED LINE BOUNDARY AMENDED. REVISION F: 02.02.2016 KEY AMENDED.

LAND OFF ENGLETON LANE, BREWOOD - PROPOSED ILLUSTRATIVE MASTERPLAN