Sites and Monuments
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Staffordshire County Council Historic Environment Record Monument Full Report 08/08/2011 Number of records: 53 PRN NumberSite Name Record Type 00052 - MST52 Greensforge Roman Fort and Annexe / Kinver Monument Roman Camp A scheduled unencumbered rectangular camp considered to have been the size suitable for an Auxiliary Cohort or Ala. Monument Types and Dates FORT (Late Iron Age to ROMAN - 1 AD to 100 AD) Evidence DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE TEMPORARY CAMP (Late Iron Age to ROMAN - 1 AD to 100 AD) Evidence DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE Description and Sources Description MARCHING CAMP/FORT: GREENSFORGE ROMAN FORT AND ANNEXE. EXCAVATIONS IN THE 1920'S IN THE SE CORNER INDICATED A RAMPART COMPOSED OF A DOUBLE ROW OF TURF FILLED WITH SAND AND GRAVEL. BURNT WATTLE AND DAUB WAS FOUND IN THE INTERIOR PRESUMABLY INDICATING TIMBER BUILDINGS. POTTERY IN QUANTITY INCLUDED CLAUDIAN SAMIAN WARE. ALSO FOUND, PENNANULAR BROOCH AND FIBULA. AP INDICATES THAT THERE WERE AT LEAST TWO DITCHES AND MORE THAN ONE PERIOD OF OCCUPATION. <1> COINS OF VESPASIAN AND NERO FOUND NEAR TO THE SITE. <3> AP SHOWS TWO FORTS AT GREENSFORGE, AND PROBABLE EARLIER MARCHING CAMPS. <4> This [fort] may have commanded a crossing of the Smestow Brook, and stood at the junction of three Roman roads- heading north-east towards Watling Street near Penkridge, north-west towards Roughtown, Bridgenorth and the Severn, and southwards towards Droitwich. It consisted of double-ditched turf-revetted defences, enclosing an area of some 2.2ha containing timber buildings. It may have housed a cavalry ala or a mixed force of infantry units. [3/2/03] <12> The excavation of three trial trenches within the north-east corner of the fort identified that little damage appeared to have been done during the conversion of this area of the monument into a riding school manege. The three trenches were similar in stratigraphy and revealed similar artefactual information. The single sherd of pottery supports the current accepted date of the fort and the scarcity of finds suggests that the archaeology is not intensive on the site. It was noted that no layers of stratigraphy existed between the topsoil and the natural in the excavated trenches, suggesting that Roman surfaces or deposits have either been lost or severely truncated within the area of the manege. (SB, 06-Oct-2004) <13> Sources Drawn: ? Bob Meeson (Staffordshire County Council). ?1990. The Western Orbital and Archaeology at Greensforge. Drawn: ? Trust for Wessex Archeaology. ? 1985. Cropmark Complex at Greensforge. Other Report: Adrian Tindall (Sarah Hughes & Associates). 2002. Mile Flat, Wall Heath, Staffordshire Environmental Statement: Section 3 - Archaeology. Written: Clive Westwood (Wulfrun College Field Archaeology Course). ?. The Romano-British Settlement at Greensforge. (1) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 (J.R.S. Vol 43, 1953 'Air Reconnaissance of Southern Britain' by J.K. St. Joseph, p85) (2) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 ('Collections for a History of Staffordshire' 1927, pages 185-206 by G.P. Mander) (3) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 ('Collections for a History of Staffordshire' 1928, pages 271-272 by T.C. Cantrill) (4) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 (Authority 7. Letter - Graham Webster - 28-Feb-1964 - AO/C/W.7/118) (5) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 ('Stourbridge and its Vicinity' 1832, page 334, by William Scott) (6) Aerial Photograph: National Monument Record. 1970s-1980s. National Monument Record Aerial Photograph Collection. By W.A. Baker - SO8688 (1960-1970) 1,10-1,13-4,17,22,30,45 zMonFullWithDesigLegDe Report generated by HBSMR from exeGesIS SDM Ltd Page 1 PRN Number 00052 - MST52 Site Name Greensforge Roman Fort and Annexe / Kinver Roman Camp (7) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 (Authority 7b (Letter - Graham Webster - 28-Feb-1964) Plan A.O. Archives No. 2189) (8) Aerial Photograph: Cambridge University. Ongoing. Cambridge University Collection of Aerial Photographs (CUCAP). AV 24 & 26, CJ64 & J34 by J. K. St Joseph (Some 1956 - Other dates unknown) (9) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 1 (J.R.S. Vol. 19, 1929, page 194 'Roman Britain in 1929') (10) Published Book: The Victoria History of the Counties of England. 1908. (VCH volume 1) A History of the County of Stafford, Volume I. Page 190 & Page 344 (11) Descriptive text: FRERE S. 1978. BRITANNIA. P96:PL19A (13) Evaluation Report: Richard Stone (Marches Archaeology). 2004. Greensforge Roman Fort, Mile Flat, Kingswinford, Staffordshire: A Report on an Archaeological Field Assessment.. Whole Report Location National Grid Reference Centroid SO 86351 88650 (MBR: 262m by 231m) SO88NE Dispersed Administrative Areas Parish Kinver, South Staffordshire District Designations, Statuses and Scoring Associated Legal Designations Scheduled Monument - ST036 Kinver Roman CampActive DST5878 Other Statuses and Cross-References Ordnance Survey Card number - SO 88 NE - 1 Active Primary Record Number - 00052 Active Management Agreement (Section 17) - AA/90666/4 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded Related Monuments 01721 Greensforge Roman Fort / Ashwood Enclosure Chronological 01722 Greensforge Roman Camp / Ashwood Chronological Enclosure Associated Finds FST9 UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (ROMAN - 43 AD to 409 AD) GLASS FST10 SHERD (Large quantity) (ROMAN - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FST11 PENANNULAR BROOCH (1) (ROMAN - 69 AD to 79 AD) BRONZE FST12 BROOCH (1) (ROMAN - 43 AD to 409 AD) BRONZE FST13 BODY SHERD (1) (ROMAN - 65 AD to 134 AD) POTTERY FST14 COIN (Small quantity) (ROMAN - 54 AD to 79 AD) METAL Associated Events/Activities EST209 (Event - Intervention) EST1087 A desk-based archaeological assessment of the proposed Western Orbital Road at Greensforge, Swindon. (Event - Survey) EST1447 A desk-based assessment and field work carried out at Mile Flat, Wall Heath. (Event - Survey) EST1364 An archaeological field assessment at Greensforge Roman Fort, Mile Flat, Kingswinford. (Event - Intervention. Ref: Marches Archaeology Series 350) Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded zMonFullWithDesigLegDe Report generated by HBSMR from exeGesIS SDM Ltd Page 2 PRN Number 01151 - MST1149 Site Name Greensforge Mill, Swindon. PRN NumberSite Name Record Type 01151 - MST1149 Greensforge Mill, Swindon. Building A four storey 18th century brick mill built over the site of a Post Medieval forge. Monument Types and Dates FORGE (POST MEDIEVAL - 1486 AD to 1799 AD) Evidence DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE CORN MILL (Built, (Circa) Georgian - 1765 AD to 1799 AD) Evidence EXTANT BUILDING Description and Sources Description FORGE: SITE OF GREEN'S FORGE WHICH SMELTED IRON USING COAL SINCE 1618. <1> BLACK EARTH AND IRON SLAG ON EITHER SIDE OF SMESTOW BROOK. NO TRACES OF FORGE BUILDINGS SURVIVE, PROBABLY AS A RESULT OF BEING BUILT OVER BY THE LATE C18 CORN GRINDING MILL. <2> THE MILL CONSISTS OF A 4 STOREY BRICK STRUCTURE WITH A SLATE ROOF, IRON FRAMED WINDOWS AND A LOADING DOOR FOR EACH FLOOR. UNDERSHOT WHEEL DROVE FOUR PAIRS OF STONES. The forge at Greensforge was built by Lord Dudley in the late 16th centurylater belonging to the Foley family from at least 1625 (DAL 08/09/2009) <3>. Sources Written: Robert Sherlock (and others). c1985. Staffordshire Mills Survey. (1) Index: Ordnance Survey. See cards. Ordnance Survey Card Index. SO 88 NE - 3 (Dud Dudley's 'Mettallum Martis' 1665 (Edition of 1851), pages 47-48) (2) Geophysical Survey Report: Adrian Butler (University of Leicester Archaeological Services). 2002. A Geophysical Survey at Land opposite the Hollybush Inn, Seighford, Staffordshire. SO 88 NE - 3 (V.J. Burton - Ordnance Survey Field Inspector - 27-June-1958) (3) Serial: Staffordshire Archaeological and Historical Society. 1996-1997. Staffordshire Archaeological and Historical Society Transactions 1996-1997 Volume XXXVIII. p.64 Location National Grid Reference Centroid SO 8614 8878 (MBR: 11m by 14m) SO88NE Dispersed Administrative Areas Parish Swindon, South Staffordshire District Designations, Statuses and Scoring Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References Primary Record Number - 01151 Active Ordnance Survey Card number - SO 88 NE - 3 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded Related Monuments - None Recorded Finds - None recorded Associated Events/Activities zMonFullWithDesigLegDe Report generated by HBSMR from exeGesIS SDM Ltd Page 3 PRN Number 01151 - MST1149 Site Name Greensforge Mill, Swindon. EST1087 A desk-based archaeological assessment of the proposed Western Orbital Road at Greensforge, Swindon. (Event - Survey) Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded zMonFullWithDesigLegDe Report generated by HBSMR from exeGesIS SDM Ltd Page 4 PRN Number 01234 - MST1229 Site Name Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal (Swindon to Whittington Section) PRN NumberSite Name Record Type 01234 - MST1229 Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal (Swindon to Monument Whittington Section) The course of the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal (between Swindon and Whittington). The canal was designed by the engineer James Brindley and opened in 1772. Monument Types and Dates CANAL ((Circa) Georgian - 1772 AD) Evidence COURSE OF Evidence STRUCTURE Description and Sources Description Canal: The Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, which was designed by engineer James