Comsat Laboratories Technical Library

July-August 1979 Volume 4 Number 4

COMSAT LABORATORIES TECHNICAL LIBRARY

C..^r•,^MSAT ^/ COMSAT GENERAL CORPORA770NPPOAAT7ON SA TELL ITE ftt/hwys

July- ku gust 1979 Volume 4 Number 4 CONTENTS Page Equipment Integration Group: Door to Ncw Opportunities I PATHWAYS is published eser\ other month by the Communications INTELSAT Board Elects Chairman/Vice Satellite Corporation's Office of Chairman: Adopts New Antenna Guidelines 7 Public Affairs: Robert It . Schssartz. Vice President; Dar:, I N. Crampton. Satellites Play Ke\ Role in Manager, Publications. Decade of Manned Space Flight 8 The editorial office of PATH- WAYS is located in the COMSAT Australia's Payne and COMSAT's Goldstein Building, 950 L ' Enfant Plaza, S.W., Elected to I lead INTEt.SAT Board 10 Washington , D.C. 20024. Phone: 202, 554-6104. Global Satellite Traffic Predicted to Double by 19213 10

EDITOR Labs' Torus Antenna Experimental Design I I John J . Peterson Projects New Image for Future Earth Stations 12 PHOTOGRAI'II1 CEA Picnic: 1979 M1lichael K. Glasbs Bill \legna Net" - rk Bits 14

STAFF CONTRIBI TORS Service Anniversaries 17 Anne A rmentrout 5,%illiam L . Brobs( AI)DFNI) 17 Edgar Bolen Daniel N . Crampton Allan Galfund Group (EIG) James T. M cKenna Cover. Creation of the new Equipment Integration Stephen A. Saft has consolidated diverse activities of C'O%ISAT into a single organization in order to better serve the telecommunications user. PI BLICATION ADVISORS Shown on the cover are scenes of FIG employees and some of the COMSAT equipment they work with or have designed and built : at center, television display monitors to be installed in the EIG-designed Joseph A . Charyk the innovative earth President and Launch Control Center ; and, at lower right , Chief Executive Officer station for seismic data transmission in McMinnville. Tennessee, Lucius 1) . Battle designed and built under subcontract to Sandia Laboratories. Senior Vice President. Corporate A ffairs Judith S. Finicki \Luiager. Med ia Relations and Information scniccs

CONISAI GENERAL Hale Montgomer Director . Business Promotion

A member of the International Association of Business Communicators.

COMMUNICATIONS S.ATEI.LITE CORPORATION 1979 IN I F LJAT V ('PA .c1NTX]^_'k--

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PLEUiftFUR•BOQgCJ, FRANCE SA9 aATr LUTE W__9_ //YTFLSq r Y 7-7--e CONTROL FAG\L.•TY C UP+3RA 0E CLAFt KB BU O. u % LANG FL/rG%NO. , z iz v INTE LSAT T CSM CONSOLE /iYTELSAT p' 7 7 C UPriRAOE ZAMENOOE CAME%z(ÔN Awl .' '41441 f/4Wd// //YTEZ.SgT INTELSAT Y CSM CONSOLE Y T^s C UAC'RADE ,V; TANGUA. BRAZ\L C^!/TiY.4.4!!îty /1USTRA/L /A /ylf' W F / 14 IN TE LSAT Y CSM CONSOLE pIGRAOE PLEUME U R - BODOU . FR ANGE 101V Z/V&P- E!s,41p^,. , . - ! INTELSAT Y CSM CO^1SÂSL ` UPGRADE BERCENAY EN-OTHE ,FRANGE SBS TTE C BEACON SS A\ \ON CASTLE ROCK . CO \k c Some idea o.1 the breadth of activities o/ the New Equip- the TT&C and CS.11 equipment to work with the new Ia'- ment Integration Group is provided through the display of' TELSAT V satellites and TT&C and Satellite Control Fa- signs at SIG's Monitoring & Control Engineering Division cility equipment for .SBS-these are just some of the jobs facility in Rockville, Maryland. New SPADE equipment , being designed , engineered, assembled and installed by FIG.

Equipment Integration Group: door to new opportunities

S YOU WALK OUT OF THE This new COMSAT enterprise, es- is under the direction of Dr. Terrence COMSAT Building on the tablished a little over a year ago, P. McGarty. Explaining how his divi- A south side of L'Enfant and fully operational since October, sion differs from other parts of the Plaza, you may notice on your left, is largely the result of a reorganiza- Corporation, Dr. McGarty com- through the plate glass windows, an tion within the COMSAT family. It mented: assortment of ducts, pipes , and wires. consolidates formerly disparate cor- "While COMSAT Laboratories pro- Before Christmas comes this year, porate efforts within one group. duces highly sophisticated system those fixtures and the machinery will While it retains many of COMSAT'S components and the new TeleSystems be in place, the new Launch Control established services, EIG has ex- subsidiary of COMSAT GF\I RAI manu- Center will be complete-designed panded to serve outside customers, factures communication products and built by COMSAT to accommodate utilizing the latest management in some volume, EIG designs, en- the expanding needs Of IN-1 VI -SA-1 V. techniques, such as computerized gineers, assembles, installs, and The LCC is only one of the impres- planning, budgeting, and controlling tests one-of-a-kind systems. When sive number of projects currently systems. Combining these systems EIG's work is done, the system is under construction through the ef- with modern business methods, EIG fully operational. The customer forts of one of COMSAT ' s newest will considerably diversify the revenue unlocks the door, and he's in additions, the Equipment Integra- base of the Corporation. business." tion Group (EIG). The Equipment Integration Group IContinued on ne.Lt page)

JULY -AUGUST 1979 1 Such products are sometimes referred to as "turn-key" sophisticated equipment packages employed to meet a customer's unique needs. As an example, EIG is currently re- viewing prospects for a project on behalf' of the U.S. Geological Survey of the Department of' Interior. This project concerns the development of a global earthquake-monitoring system which would transmit data via Dr. Terrence P. McGarry is Divi- satellite. The technical and geo- sion Director of Equipment Integra- graphic dimensions of the task are tion. Dr. McGarty and two of the considerable: "This is a large-scale three division s reporting to him are network problem," Dr. McGarty based at L 'Enfant Plaza in Wash- notes. "involving end-to-end data ington, D.C. processing and computer communications, large-storage capability for data, and small-terminal development." Two other extensive efforts, currently in the fabrication and assembly phases, are under way in connection with the INTFI.SAT v generation E!G designs, engineers, as- of satellites. EIG is involved in the design, engineering, assembly. and sembles, installs and tests one- installation of both a tracking, of-a-kind systems. When EIG's telemetry, and command system work is done, the system is fully (TT&C) as well as a communications operational. The customer un- system monitoring (CSM) system. locks the door, and he's in Both the TT&C and the CSM net- business. works are being engineered to continuously deliver data to a central processing location. One result of the efforts will be the notification of system operators when problems are detected. Additional EIG efforts in support of' the INTELS.AT v program include: modifications in order to increase the data display capability of the Brian J. Williams is Director of INTEI.SAT Satellite Control Center the Control Systems Engineering Di- (located on the first floor of the vision. Plaza facility) and the replacement of the SP.ADF terminal at the Etam, West Virginia earth station. Further- more, as previously indicated, the Equipment Integration Group has responsihility for the development of' the C oNISAT Launch Control Cen- ter (LCC), at which the various INIFLSAI launches will he monitored in the future. It will receive data from the eight 'I'T&C stations from the moment an INTFI SAT \ is launched to the time it is on-line, when control of the satellite will he

2 PATHWAYS passed to the INTELS .AT Satellite Con- trol Center. As this article is published, even more projects will he underway. How will they he handled within the EIG organization ? The Equip- ment Integration Group encom- passes three divisions within COM- SAT: Equipment Design, headed by Walter J . Gribbin: Control Systems Engineering, headed by Brian J. Williams , and Monitor and Control Engineering , headed by Richard S. Walter J. Gribbin is Director of Cooperman. the Equipment Design Division. Determining system feasibility (both technical and non -technical aspects ). blocking out network designs. and conducting trade-off studies for specialized applications of satellite communications is the responsibility of Walter J. Gribbin and his staff, who make up Equip- ment Design . Grihbin's division has already completed several studies of data collection networks for a varict^ of U.S. Government agencies It is clear that the Equipment including the Department of Defense, Integration Group offers COM- the Department of Energy, and the SAT a promising future through PHOTOS BY BILL MEGNA AND MIKE GLASSY State Department. The determination of system opening up new opportunities feasibility and the like is only the and expanding our business in first step for EIG. Secondly. the the communications satellite necessary equipment ( hardware) and related fields. for the project needs to be engineered . The type of equipment needed , performance requirements. and system specifications must he determined . This is the job of "Ben" Williams and his staff of 19 in Con- trol Systems Engineering (CSE). Currently Mr. Williams' division is assembling the I.CC, modifying the Richard S. Cooperman is Director INTE.LSAT Satellite Control Center, of the Monitoring & Control Engi- and, as well, holding overall proj- neering (MCE) Division. MCE is ect responsibility for the INTEt.SAT N' located at 5 Choke Cherry Road in TT&C equipment . It is Mr. Williams' Rockville , Maryland. division which also handled the mod- ification of the SPADE equipment at the Etam earth station. Realization of "turn-key" systems is performed within the Mon- itor & Control Engineering Group (MCE). under the guidance of Richard S . Cooperman . MCE is the largest group within EIG and is (Continued on next page)

JULY- AUGUST 1979 3 (Continued from page 3) has its own software development He points with pride to the de- located in its own facility in and engineering capabilities in ad- sign and installation of TT&C equip- Rockville, Maryland. Essentially, dition to its fabrication and assem- ment for MARISAT at the earth sta- MCE translates a system from a bly functions. tion in Fucino, Italy. "From the paper design to an operating network Richard Cooperman describes moment we started putting that for the customer . To convert system the activities of MCE as follows: system together until the moment designs and engineering specifica- "We deliver on time, within the we were finished, it took us 90 days, tions into an operating system, MCE budget, and the equipment works!" and we were under budget."

The new Launch Control Center, which is a project of EIG's Control Systems Engineering Division, is shown during an early stage of its construction on the ground floor of the L'Enfant Plaza headquarters building. The three men in the left foreground are, from the left, Gene E. Christensen, Manager, Facilities and Off ice Services; Brian J. Wil- liams, Director of EIG's Control Systems Engineering Division; and Edward J. Sanderson, Director, General Services. The two men in the rear are outside contractors.

INTELSAT V CSM DATA CENTER

Bill Woods, standing foreground. and Charles Conahee, right /)re- ground. have the responsibility for developing system test procedures. Technicians, rear, are shown assembling GSM equipment.

4 PATHWAYS Cooperman says that the biggest installed and operating at earth sta- temporary exception. With such an challenge for MCE at the moment is tions all over the world prior to the outlook, it is clear that the Equip- its responsibility for the computer- introduction of the INTEI.SAI V ment Integration Group offers controlled INTELSAT V Communica- satellite. COMSAT a promising future through tions System Monitor (CSM) whose During the next few years, MCE opening up new opportunities and function is to insure maximum usage engineers will be installing systems expanding our business in the of the new satellites. This state-of- on even continent of the earth ex- communications satellite and related the-art monitoring system will be cept Antarctica, probably only a fields.

A view of the Microwave .Systems Department of the Monitoring & Control Engineering Division: clockwise beginning with left foreground, Joe Bruno , Rick Walton, Jack Ehrmann, Roger W. Bowen, and Dave Woodward.

Jerry Barnett , Manager, Micro- wave Systems, left, and Arthur Standing , Senior Staff Scientist, of the Monitoring & Control Engineer- ing Division , operate the INTE/_SAT V CSM test bed. The test bed simu- lates the communications traffic of a satellite and is an essential tool in the design of the C:SM equipment.

(Additional photos on Next Page) JULY- AUGUST 1979 5 People at EJG's Monitoring & Control Engineering Division at work: clockwise beginning upper left, Tim Deblois building a satellite range processor, Betty Morris assembling power strips; Ron Kuezli wire wrapping; Joe Bruno testing with a network anal yzer; and Carolyn Faulkner at the drafting board. The Thirty-eighth Meeting of the INTELSAT Board of Governors was held in June in Hambur,_. Germany, at the invitation of the German INTELSAT Board elects Chairman/Vice Signatory. Twenty-six Governors representing 80 of the 102 Signa- Chairman; adopts new antenna guidelines tories were present. Among its key actions the Board: Organization and . dnlinistratise Matters Committee on Technical Matters to network , provided that thev are • Elected by acclamation Mr. review the technical aspects of the operated in accordance with the Randolph Payne of Australia and program iniprovenments, and report special provisions agreed in the Mr. Irving Goldstein of the United to the Board's Thirty-ninth Meeting. consultative meeting. States as Chairman and Vice-Chair- • 1-he Board after extensive dis- • Approved changes to the perfor- man respectively of the Board of cussion took a series of decisions mance specification for TV-associ- Governors, for one near terms on matters relating to system plans, ated sound program transmission beginning June 13. IN IF ES,xI v procurement options. utilizing the FM subcarrier tech- • Appointed Dr. Kunishi Nosaka of TDMA, and launch vehicles. These nique. as recommended by the Japan as Chairman and Mr. George were designed to assist in ensurin Advisory Committee on Technical Paget of France as Vice-Chairman that the necessary information will Matters. of the Advisory Committee on be available for the satellite pro- • Decided to tender advice to the Technical Matters, and Mr. Geoffrey curement and operational decisions Meeting of Signatories that service Hall of the U. K. as Chairman and which will need to be taken in late in Colombia's leased one-quarter Mr. Neil Tuckwell of Australia as 1979 and 1980. transponder between Bogota and Vice-Chairman of the Advisory • Adopted non-mandatory guide- Leticia meets the requirements for Committee on Planning. lines to assist earth station owners consideration on the sane basis as • Approved INTELSAT participation. in the planning of new antennas. international traffic under Article with the Signatory of Italy, as co- The guidelines suggest that addi- II I(b)(ii) of the INTEI SAT Agree- sponsor of the Fifth International tional antennas he considered to ment. The Board approved in prin- Conference on Digital Satellite provide path diversity, earth station ciple lease to Australia on a pre- Communications which will he held back-up capability and operational emptible basis of an iNFLiSA7 IV in Genoa, Italy, in March 1981. flexibility. In the INTEt.SAT V tirne- spot beam transponder , to be con- Technical and Operational frame earth station owners should verted when the INTELSAT IV-A \latters consider provision of a second becomes available in the Pacific to • Authorized the Director Gen- antenna when their forecast traffic two IN] Et SA r tv-A hemispheric beam eral to amend the IN TEISAT v conis in the range of 300-400 circuits, transponders. tract to include it new delivery pen- and a third antenna when forecast Approved the U. S . Automatic alty and incentive scheme which traffic is in the range 800-1000 Seismic installation terminal at re-establishes penalties for delivery circuits. McMinnville, Tennessee. for access of iNIEI.SAF y (F-I) after December • Authorized the Director Gen- free of charge for two weeks during 8, 1979 and provides incentives for eral to enter into negotiations with the period I July-30 September 1979: early delivery of INTELS.AT V (F-1), iNSIARSAT for the provision of mari- approved the Leticia , Colombia (F-3), (F-4) and (F-5). It also au- time space segment services by non-standard station for access to thorized amendments of the con- I N I u s s r, on the basis of the draft Colombia's quarter transponder and tract to incorporate provisions for: contract the Director General had for reception of occasional TV: and a revised apogee motor program prepared and in consideration of the approved the French Trou Biran non- with a cost reimbursement scheme: views expressed by the Governors. standard station for access from inclusion of a $1.875 million • Noted that following informal July I to August 31, 1979, subject cancellation option associated with consultation the Director General to review by the Advisory Com- the apogee motor program which is and the Advisory Committee on mittee on Technical Matters of the valid until September 15, 1979: 1-echnical Matters have concluded station's technical acceptability. and improvement in performance of that the ARARSAT I and fI networks the receivers for both fixed and would be technically compatible maritime service throuah inclusion with use of the radio frequency The preceding report was prepared by ./av S. /ra,ger, I.\iELSA7 .4.1/air'. of field effect transistor amplifiers. spectrum and orbital space by the I nternational Communications. The Board requested the Advisory existing and planned INTELSAT

JULY - AUGUST 1979 7 Satellites play key

role in decade of

manned space flight

In May of 1961, President John F. Kennedy went before the Congress of the United States and charged the government and the American people with landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to earth before the decade was out. Age-old dream realized . On Jul ), 20. 1969 , Astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to set foot on the moon. In the photo above, Armstrong descends Ten wars ago in July, this com- from the Lunar Landing Vehicle on to the surface of the moon. Taken from a mitment was met when America TV monitor, this epic event was flashed around the world, via satellite, to an landed the first man on the moon. audience estimated at one-/fifth of the world 's population. The world was able to witness this historic event as the result of another technological achievement of the Twentieth Century the development of communications satellites. Today, a quarter of a million miles in space, there remains a small memento of man's landing on this lunar planet in the form of a steel plaque bolted to a landing leg of the Lunar Module Eagle and which bears a map of the world and this inscription: Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the ;Moon, Jnlr 1969 A. D., We came in peace for all Mankind. And it was as Apollo II Com- mander Astronaut Neil Armstrong descended from the Eagle to place man's first footprint into the lunar dust that cameras recorded and carried the historic event live by television to a waiting world via the global communications satellites. At 10:56 p.m., Sunday. July 20. 1969, as he steadied himself on the Final ascent from the moon . In December 1972, Apollo /7, the sixth and final lunar landing mission approaches its conclusion . Televised live to a waiting moon's powdery surface, Armstrong's world, the Lunar Module "Challenger" ascent stage lifts off from the lunar image and message was beamed to surface to rejoin the Command Module "America" orbiting the moon. With the world, "That's one small step for the successful completion of the Apollo flights, NASA moved on to SKYLAB. man, one giant leap for mankind". It g PATHWAYS "Though barely begun, the communications satellite program has tied the nations and peoples of our planet together in a way never before possible and it promises the benefits of intercommunity contact to the most remote and isolated areas. "

Dr. Robert .1. Frosch, :\.'l SA . I clnriaistrutor

was estimated that more than one- fifth of the world's population had watched the lunar landing sequence. As man ventured out into the unknowns of near "outer space", COMS.AT'S and INTFI SAT's network of The era of SK\ LAB. Less than six months after the last of the Apollo missions communications satellites and earth the era of orbiting workshops began with the launch of SKYLAB I. Three stations. encompassing the globe, pro- SKYLAB missions were successfully carried out. In the photo above, NASA vided the eyes and cars of the world Astronaut "Pete" Conrad ventures outside the spacecraft to retrieve solar tele- as man explored the moon, manned scope film canisters. Such Extra Vehicular Activity was carried live by sat- earth orbiting laboratories and com- ellite. NASA PHOTO pleted an international space "first" with the joining of an American Apollo spacecraft and a Soviet Soyui space vehicle. As man more daringly probed the unknowns of space flight, the global satellite system provided operational links between spacecraft and mission controllers and commercial links to bring live reports of space exploration to a viewing world "via satellite." In recognition of the important part communications satellites have played in space flight, Dr. Robert A. Frosch, NASA Administrator, said. I hough barely begun, the corn- munications satellite program has tied the nations and peoples of our planet together in it way never before possible and it promises the benefits of intercommunity contact to the most remote and isolated areas.'' On this and the following page are photos of some of the highlights of this period of manned exploration of space during which the COMSAT- International link-up . Shortly hcfore noon Saturday , July 19, 1975, the American managed global system played an Apollo spacecraft and the Soviet Soyu; spacecraft separated to conclude the important role in providing a link first space link - up between two countries and temporarily terminating the between men and machines, the earth American era of manned spaceflight. The l]nited States plans to resume manned and a world audience. flights usin g its Space Shuttle.

JULY- AUGUST 1979 9 ness Development, International Australia's Payne and COMSAT 's Goldstein Operations. Mr. Goldstein joined elected to head INTELSAT Board COMSAT, Office of General Counsel, in 1966 after three years with the

1974 has represented Australia at many INTELSAI Board meetings. He is currently Director (Marketing) of the Overseas Telecomm unications Commission (Australia) which he joined shortly after its inception in 1946. From 1946 to 1964 he served with OTC in technical and manager- ial capacities at cable stations throughout the Pacific, Indian Ocean and Far Fast regions, and from 1964 to 1973 he worked with OTC's In- ternational Relations Department in Sydney where he became involved with a number of International organizations. He became Director (Commercial) in 1973 and Director Irving Goldstein (Marketing) in 1977. Randolph Panne Mr. Goldstein has been involved Randolph Payne of Australia and with the Board of Governors for over FCC. In 1972 he was named Director Irvine Goldstein of the United States five years, first serving as the Alter- of Coy1SAT's European Office, with were elected by the INTFISAT Board nate U.S. Governor and then moving responsibility for corporate interests of Governors to one year terms as to the U.S. Governor's position and activities in Europe, Africa, and Chairman and Vice-Chairman, re- this past February. In March of this the Middle East. In July 1974, he spectively, at the Board's recent year, Mr. Goldstein was elected was appointed Director of Inter- meeting. Vice-President and General Man- national Affairs and in April 1977, Mr. Payne, the Australian Gov- ager, International Communications; he became Assistant General Man- ernor, has been Vice-Chairman of he had been Assistant General Man- ager, External Relations and Busi- the Board for the past year and since ager, External Relations and Busi- ness Development.

Global satellite traffic oceanic telecommunications. In the near future, INTELSAT will predicted to double by 1983 begin placing in orbit its new high- capacity iNTEI SAT \ series satellites, which will be capable of' carrying Global international telecom- to determine, by taking into account 12,000 simultaneous phone calls munications via satellite will increase the traffic requirements of individ- plus two television channels double by about 100 percent by 1983. ual countries. short, medium and the capacity of the satellites in the This was one of the predictions long terra demand forecasts for the present system. And planning is of the 1979 Global Traffic Meeting, telecommunications services pro- already advancing for future satel- sponsored by the International vided by the INTLISAT global satellites of up to 40.000-circuit Telecommunications Satellite Or- lite system. Data from these fore- capacity. ganization ( INTELSAT), which con- casts Will he used by I`rlIS.T in Data from the meeting show that cluded in Washington , D.C., recently. planning its system to meet user the most concentrated growth can More than 200 delegates representing requirements with maximum effici- be expected in the Atlantic Ocean over 100 countries , attended the ency, and in projecting future satel- region where traffic should climb week - long INTELSAT Global Traffic lite systems. The INTEI.SAT system by as much as 114 percent to a Meeting. is currently carrying about 60 percent total of 23.253 equivalent telephone The purpose of the meeting was of the world's international trans- circuits-by year-end 1983.

10 PATHWAYS Seeking to provide better connections between the growing number Labs ' Torus antenna experimental design of domestic satellite systems and the projects new image for future earth stations international I N IFISAT system, COMSAT has asked the f=ederal Com- munications Commission (FCC) for pang) offering services through seven the same three satellites at a cost permission to construct a new, orbiting satellites. Launch application of only about S IA million a money saving communications an- for two more domestic satellites, savings of more than $ I million at tenna which can receive and trans- SArc'oM-3 and WESTAR-3, are pend- each site or about $3 million in mit messages with at least seven ing before the FCC. Two new domes- savings at all three sites. satellites simultaneously. tic systems- an advanced WFSTAR Additional millions of dollars The new "torus" antenna, named system and a system by Satellite would be saved by increasing the after its nearly flat and almost Business Systems (a joint venture number of satellite feeds to at rectangular toroidal shape. has been of COMSAT GFNFR.Ai, IBM and Aetna least seven on the torus rather developed by COMSAT Laboratories. Life & Casualty) are now under than building up to seven separate The first torus antennas are being construction, and at least one more Cassegrain antennas. proposed for location at three of the new system (the AT&T system to Operating and maintenance ex- COMSAT-operated INTELSAT earth sta- succeed CONSTAR) is in the advanced penses would he also substantially tions at Etam, West Virginia, An- planning stage. lower with the torus, resulting in dover, Maine and Jamesburg, California. A torus prototype has been used at COMSAT Laboratories at Clarksburg, Maryland with INTEI.SAT satellites on an experimental basis since 1973. In addition to its multiple satellite access capability, the torus offers two major cost advantages. When access is to he gained to more than one satellite, a torus is significantly less expensive to build and, over the life of a torus, much more economical to operate than the traditional, dish- shaped Cassegrain antenna which will work with one satellite only. COMS,yr filed its application for permission with the FCC on behalf of itself and the other owners of the three earth stations. COMSAT holds The Torus antenna at COMSAT Laboratories is a full-size engineering work- interest in a 50 percent ownership ing model showing the shape of things to come for earth stations of the satellite these stations. The other owners, communications network. It has been used on an experimental basis since 1973. U. S. international communications carriers, share the remaining owner- To provide adequate connections savings of hundreds of thousands of ship interests. with the INTELSAT system using the dollars over the life of the torus. The torus is needed because to- traditional Cassegrain antennas, each In addition to avoiding the pro- day's Cassegrain antennas cannot domestic system would require the liferation of Cassegrain antennas. "efficiently and effectively" inter- construction of at least one Casse- the torus also would offer reduced connect the growing number of grain antenna at each of the interference on congested frequen- domestic systems and their satellites major international earth stations cies, high reliability and superior with the INTELSAT international COMSAT operates in Maine, Califor- service. system. nia and West Virginia. The proposed torus with dimen- For access to the three existing sions of 32 feet by 55 feet is less There are already three U.S. domestic satellite systems. construc- than half the size of the approximate- domestic satellite systems COMSFAR tion of three Cassegrain antennas at ly 100 feet-in-diameter Cassegrain (leased by COMSAT GENERAL to an earth station would cost approxi- antennas which provide internation- AT&T), SATCOM (RCA) and WFSTAR mately $2.3 million. But a torus al service at the three COMSAT (Western Union Telegraph Com- antenna would provide access to operated earth stations. JULY- AUGUST 1979 - 11 CEA Picnic:

This year' s annual CEA picnic held at Smokev Glen Farm was attended by an all-time high nearly 900 adults and more than 400 children. Enter- tainment was provided by a Bavarian folk dance group with picnickers joining in the dancing with members of the troupe. New activities included a beer drinking contest, tug- of-war, a pie eating contest and horse-drawn hayrides. 1979

Food and drink consumed included S38 pounds of chicken, 20 kegs of beer, 1,000 hot dogs and 2,400 assorted ice cream treats. The total cost of the picnic was in excess of $9,000 averaging a little more than $7 per picnicker. Congratulations are extended to Gene Barrett and Claudette Tucker for arranging a very successful picnic.

PHOTOS BY BILL MEGNA AND MIKE GLASBY Former Andover employees interested Ken Dixon is spending his vacation in acquiring the book may do so by time building a two-story log home, Network Bits writing to the Andover Friday Club, 30 by 24 feet, nestled on 160 acres of Field Correspondents P.O. Box 237, Andover, Maine, wooded land. In fact, all of the Andover 04216. The price of the book is $15 lumber being used in his new home lournre Ii hers plus $1.50 for postage and handling. came from his land and was milled at Brewster We have a neophyte when it comes a local sawmill in Andover. Ken and Dorotht But, /,iii,ltaw to the care and maintenance of a his family expect to move into their Caves swimming pool. Our Station Man- new home this fall. Elfren V. Castro ager, Don Fifreld , is beginning to find Shaun Arness, Da'e Berry, Al Elam out how much work goes into the up- Briggs and Da'e White did some fish- Bet Conner keep of his swimming pool and some ing recently at Sechoomak, in the Jamesburg of its problems -pumps, filters and north woods of Maine. catching ( B. Marshall hoses are just a few of those he's en- plenty of salmon and trout . Joining Labs countered and conquered since his our station staff as a Junior Techni- :Norma Brnue'hman return to Andover. To "get away cian is Mark Irish , a resident of West Joan Prince from it all" Don heads into the Peru, who recently completed a tour Blaine Shat_er mountains or along the coast on his with the Air Force . Jack and Andrea Y1 & S Center "full dress" 1,000cc Ronda. Gerry Conner are the parents of a new Darleerr Jerre) Michaud and Dick Plantier, along daughter Janet Elizabeth , weight New York with AT&T 's Ken Fields, took a seven pounds. eight ounces. .ti'tc'phrrt A elic'r motorcycle trip to the coast taking in -Joanne \L itas Paumalu a clam and lobster feed in Belfast. Bcc/ L iurraca/a Don Fifield was supposed to go on BREWSTE R. Wallace C. (Wallyt Plaza the trip also but was too busy with his Lauterbach has retired as Station Mart' Lane pool. So he wouldn't feel entirely left Manager. He has been replaced by Santa Paula out, the guys brought him back a J. R. Sihius, formerly Manager. M&S Terri Af vers clam and Maine lobster (just the Service Center. The Brewster CEA Southbur empty shells of course). sponsored a retirement party for L :ilc-c'rt Jilt ?)hNCll Due to the energy situation our Wally and wife Doris at the Elks staffers are sticking pretty close to Club in Omak. Wally, Brewster's home for vacations, with nearby original Manager, has been at Brew- ANDOVER. Andover celebrated its ponds and lakes becoming increas- ster since 1966. As "going away" 175th birthday August 4. A history ingly popular. Others are trying to gifts, WaIIy was presented with a book entitled Andover, The First 175 find means of conserving fuel for the digital watch and an engraved silver Years. was released during the cele- winter. One of the latter is Jim Fogg. tray was given to Wally and Doris hration. Compiled by the Friday During the energy crunch of '73-74. (photos below). We are pleased that Club. a member of the General Fed- .Jim installed a 1,500 gallon fuel tank the I.auterhachs plan to make their eration of Women's Clubs, the book underground for storing #2 fuel. In retirement home here in Brewster. is the result of the work of' many of the meantime he has added a gasoline I the Club's members and interested storage tank- underground of course. citizens in gathering the material and In addition, Jim has converted his donating the numerous pictures oil-fired hot air furnace to two wood scattered throughout the 350-400 stoves, which will provide all the heat pages. his home will need with one of the The hardbound publication touches two also providing all the hot water upon the legends of the earliest year.,, required. At present, Jim has ac- of Andover, contains much historical cumulated 10 cords of wood, split into fact taken from public records. 16-and 24-inch pieces, which he ex- "town" stories and anecdotes as pects should last between 18 and 24 well as the collections of senior months. To store the wood, Jim is citizens. COMSAT, of course, is men- displaying his talent as a carpenter tioned along with the town's early and is constructing a 20-by-24-Foot reactions to satellite communications shed. Jim. also a novice mason, re- in general. Sprinkled with Andover constructed one chimney and built flavor and character, the book makes a new one. Ills Project 1980: a solar for light, hrcezy and fun reading. hot water system.

14 PATHWAYS We would also like to welcome below, Mr. Carroll signs the Visitors married recently and spent their Jim Silvius, his wife Jean and son Register as Station Manager A. .I. honeymoon backpacking in the J.C. to Brewster. They are presently Stotler looks on. Rockies. Colleen Sensabaugh and in the process of buying a house and Bill McGrady are also among the getting settled. Wayne Colpitts has newlyweds as were James P. ltlc- departed for his new assignment as Rorie's daughter Monica Anne and Station Engineer at the Samoa Sta- Robert E . Lester. tion row under construction. Anne Speare appeared in public -Dorothy Buckingham wearing a cast on her foot, the result of a recent accident. Ken Stuart r 1i ETAM. Mike Britner and family toured the General Atomic Nuclear recently vacationed in Nashville. Don Fission Experimental Breeder Re- Gaston and friends made a fishing actor while attending a training con- trip to the Chesapeake Bay. under - J - ference in San Diego. The system, sail most of the time. John Haller called Doublet 111, is a prototype of spent a week leading his Boy Scout the next generation of nuclear re- troop to Camp Mountaineer. Among actors for generating electric power, his scouts was Mark Everly, son of which operate at temperatures of Senior Technician Spencer Everly. from 60 to 100 million degrees. A Paul Helfgott used a week's vacation new parking lot with a capacity of 60 time as a Counselor at a 4-H camp cars has been constructed cast of the near Kingwood. existing employees parking lot. C&P Telephone held an "Open As of mid-July. standings in the I louse" at the station for all telephone Labs Intramural Softball League subscribers in the Rowlcsburg ex- were: (Division 1) MCE, one win and change. Exhibits were displayed by three losses: Shop. tour wins and no C&P. AT&T, Telephone Pioneers and In the photo above, Senior Elec- losses; and Drafting, three wins and COMSAT. Tours of the station were tronic -1 echnician Mark L. Seaman two losses. Division 2 standings were: conducted by Etam' s Mike Britner (at left) receives his five-year Service Sliders, one win and four losses: while Henry Bulk showed a COMSAT Award from Station Manager Stotler. Blue Streaks, two wins and three film in a tent loaned by the National -C'ambrel Marshall losses; and Spacecraft. three wins Guard unit from Camp Dawson. and two losses. Most of our staff are involved in In the Upper Montgomery County gardening but the growing season is B-League, the Labs team is in first late. Consequently. there are no ripe LABS. Ground-breaking for the place in the seven-team league with tomatoes as of now to go with our new SBS TT&C station is scheduled nine wins and two losses. The 15- hamburgers. Robert Grimm, with the for the end of August or early Sep- game regular season ends early in station for but a short time, has tember. Construction is nearly com- August with the top four-team playoff terminated employment with COMSAT. pleted in the Personnel and Procure- later in the month in Lavtonsville. [tam has three new hires: Jim ment Departments, while Facilities is Bert Collins and Jerry Creamer are Benedum , who, with his wife and now occupying new space at the the 1979 team managers. daughter, resides in Bridgeport: Ken Labs. Kim Bittle, a former Co-op Patent Incentive Awards were pre- Smith, who lives with his wife and student has returned to the Signal sented to Ali Atia , William Baker. daughter in Weston: and Reggie Processing Department. Work study Arnold Berman , Otakar Horna, Thackeray , who transferred from student Debbie Loy has departed and Randall Kreutel, Christoph Mahle, Tangua, Brazil. and presently lives been replaced by Sue Russell in the Michael Onufry. Smith Rhodes, with his wife and two children in Library. Ronald Stegens, Kenneth Stuart, Kingwood. - Bev Conner Vacationing were H. C. Suyder- Vasil t' zunoglu and Chester Wolejsza. houd and wife in Florida: Debbie and Safety Award receivers were Lorrin Jeff Widerman in Myrtle Beach: Rodgers, Henri Suyderhoud and Claudette Tucker at Daytona Beach. William Schaefer. JAMESBtTR(:. 'William B . Carroll, then touring South Carolina; Jo Ann Terminating employment with Assistant General Manager, Interna- Wagner at Rehoboth Beach: and CONIS.AT were David Kennedy , Ronnie tional Communications, recently Hank Mueller in California. Rosa Zak, Brij Agrawal and Britt Orrison. visited the station. During his stay he Liu took a trip to Hawaii and the Included among the new hires at the held an open discussion with avail- West Coast. Labs are George Walker, Harry able staff members. In the photo Phyllis Book and Ron King were Reese , Barbara Wenschhof, Gary JULY -AUGUST 1979 15 Barber, Fred Natschke. Michael proximately 75 employees, family Finally, the end of summer means Simms, Barre Lankford , Robert members and guests attending. With back to school not only for children Johnson , Mark Seddon, James CF.A President Robert Makizuru but for the schoolteacher ssivcs of Dunnington , James Williams, serving as head chef, assisted by Tom Tom Akimoto ( Joyce(, Joe ( how Catherine Painter, David Meadows, Akimoto , the picnickers were treated ( Marian (, Paul Koike (Hazel I and Hoi Chong , William Osborne, Richard to a menu which included charcoal- Ronald \tiyasato (Amy ). Rose , Alfred .Jaques, Roy SValdt, broiled chicken, barbecued meat, fish, -Bob Kumasaka William Render , Linda Mikisits, hot dogs, it variety of salads and John Lane, William Morgart. many other snacks. While the adults PLAZA . Robert D . Jackson , Super- Ronald Coyle. Lynn Horowitz and displayed their prowess in volleyball visor of the COMSAT GENERAL Telex Glenn Harnion . -B.1'.S. and ping pong, there were organized Switching Center, has been elected games and swimming for the young. and installed as the Grand Knight 11 &S. A farewell luncheon was held By the end of the day, all were in of the Sacred Heart Council. at the Washingtonian for Jim Silyius agreement that the picnic committee. Knights of Columbus, Bowie, Mary- prior to his departing for his new as- chaired by CEA Secretary-Treasurer land. The Council has almost 900 signment as Brewster Station Man- Lily Miram and assisted by Eddie members and is involved in commu- ager. Jim Vinneau conducted Cryo Mivatake and Ken Yamashita , did its nity, youth, church and social action training for AT&T employees Anton usual outstanding job. programs. Matesi of Hanover, Illinois. and Recent transfers to the Satellite Arnie Crow of Three Peaks. Cali- Orbital Control and Monitoring De- fornia. Calibration Team members partment are Lorrin Rodgers and Charles Andersen and Andy Brunk Billie Martin , formerly of the Corn- recently completed visits to earth puter Center at the Labs, and Butch stations at Los Grotos, Jamesburg, Kehl. from the COMSAT General Con- Santa Paula and Brewster. trol Center. George Robertson 's wife Ellen Among the participants in the spent three weeks in China taking 3,000-meter Interagency Jogging part in an education study program Competition around the Tidal Basin conducted by George Washington held recently were COMSAT's Kent University. During her trip she Visitors to the Paumalu Earth S tation Linnebur (finish position 21), Vic visited a variety of schools through- are now greeted by a new sign painted Slabinski (position 37), Frank Graves COMSAT blue with white lettering at the out Kwangchow, Nanning (near Viet- (position 91 ), Bernie Coleman (po- station 's main entrance. Seen erecting the sition 92) and Billie Martin. One nam) and Peking. Highlights of her sign are Bill Romerhaus and Jeff Doran of visit included a tour of the Nanning the Facilities crew. hundred and six runners crossed the Art Institute, Peking University, a finish line. Then, when it conies to walk along the Great Wall of China, It was a near tragedy for the nerve, there's Ron Jennings the gas Westlake Park and a trip on the Edward Clarke family when fire shortage didn't stand in the way of Pearl River. According to Ellen, food destroyed their rented home to the his vacation to Southwest Texas. was plentiful and good and the peo- ground. Fortunately, the Clarkes, Lieutenant Elizabeth Susan Peter- ple and children were fascinated by with their five children, were away son, daughter of PATHWAYS Editor the "Westerners", especially Ameri- on a picnic at the time. Arson is John Peterson , called home with two cans, whom sonic had never met suspected and local police are investi- pieces of good news recently: she has before. gating. Station employees donated been notified of her promotion to Vacationers included Judy Ahalt money, clothing and household items Captain in September and received to Florida. Bob Riblet and son to to the stricken family. orders transferring her to an air med- Ohio, Turk and Betty Hall to West The Control Building has received ical evacuation wing flying out of the Virginia and Floyd Thompson to his its second coat of paint since being Philippines . - Mary Lane annual fishing waters in South Car- built Gulf blue. Our station painter olina. Among our new employees are Cas Corpuz , assisted by Ed Clarke, SOLTHBURY. Congratulations are Gary Barber , James Johnson, Paul completed the project in three weeks. in order for Rich Vasko and wife M1cGranahan , Michael Sims and Masao Nakano has joined our staff Margaret on the birth of a daughter Andy Brunk . - Darleen Jones as a part-time custodial employee. Elizabeth . Congratulations also to our The Mark Kolbs, parents of Tim new Maintenance Technician Denis Kolb from Crown Point, Indiana, Bouchard and Station Engineer PAL MALL. The annual Paumalu recently spent some time in Hawaii Ronnie Hicks. Ray Sprong , Jr., re- CEA picnic was held early in July on visiting Tim and Ruth and their cently joined our station stall' as an a private beach in Ilaleiwa with ap- grandchildren. Electronic Technician . Constance

16 PATHWAYS Sarles, one of our original MARISAT Operators, has resigned to take a position with Data Products. Service vi i urwersaries Bruno Sadys recently tried his luck in Atlantic City and reports he returned a poorer but wiser man. May Celebrating COMSAT anniversary Scott spent a week vacationing in dates in July 1979 were: Arkansas visiting family and friends. 15 years Summer seems to have brought on Hqtrs. Carl .1. Reber a spurt of vehicle activity among our l0 years staff: Eileen Jacobsen has undergone Hqtrs. Charlotte E. Barlow, T 1 1 ' , 17 -, an image change, discarding her old, Ronald S. Kos, Paul D. Rankin, green Jeep for a sleek, black and Marion A. Timmons. silver Grand Prix: Annabelle Lyle is Labs. Richard A. Arndt. Ali E. attempting to master the art of Atia, John W. Bowles, Howard L. COMSAT weighs manipulating a four-speed transmis- Haines, Barbara C. Hutchens. Samuel satellite-to-home sion without getting caught in the K. Jones, Don S. Kutch. Dirk M. subscription TV gate: and Ronnie Hicks is considering VanDerLoo. disposing of his antique station wagon 5 vears COMSAT has confirmed that it is collection after many years spent in Hqtrs. Donald FL Bambeck, Melvin considering development of a system to restoring these vehicles. B. Bohne, Alethea M. Liptak. Robert provide subscription TV service b% -Dolores Raneri J. Oslund, William R. Schnicke. satellite directly to millions of Ameri- Labs. Frederick L. Frey, Julia V. can homes. Editor 's note. In this issue we welcome a Gabor, Charles A. Jenkins, Joseph E. COMSAT said it is involved in dis- new addition to "N"etwork Bits"-MCE Kasser, Johann U. Tyler. cussions with other companies on ROCKVIl. I./, a division of the newly established Equipment Integration Group. possible arrangements for providing Celebrating COMSAT anniversary the serv ice. NICE ROCKV'IL.LE. The Monitor dates in August 1979 were: The satellite 'I'N service would offer and Control Engineering Division 15 years programming over several channels located just off Shady Grove at 5 Hgtrs. Gene E. Christensen, Alan simultaneously . The programs would Choke Cherry Road was established R. Coburn, Donald E. Greer, Edward he broadcast via satellite directly to in August 1978. Starting with 23 em- J. Martin, Hans J. Weiss, William D. small antennas on the roof-tops of ployees, we have grown in just II Young. subscribers' homes. months to approximately 60. We in- Labs. Arnold L. Berman. Subscribers would pay a monthly vite visitors, at any time, to visit 10 tears charge that would cover the total ser- what we consider our efficient and llqtrs. Albert Mark. Joyce K. Mc- vice, including the use and mainte- progressive surroundings. Kenzie. nance of the roof-top antenna. The Our softball team competes with Labs. Daniel F. DiFonzo, Ronald monthly charge could be less than the best with the players wearing K. Garlow, Darleen L. Jones, Ray- many families now pay for a single their green, silk-screen T-shirts em- mond L. Joyner, Wayne W. Moore, night out at the movies. bellished with our logo, the "Choke William K. Sones, Pierce C. Stine. Programming -with no commercial Chicken." Frank Dabrowski -affec- Palo Alto. Hokan T. Holm, Fred S. interruptions -could consist of first tionately known as the Godfather Osugi. run movies , sports events, educational actually MCE's Quality Assurance 5 years and cultural programs , data and text Manager, is the team's Executive Hqtrs . Joel R. Alper, Thomas M. transmissions and other telecasts. Manager. Team Captain Danny Mc- Barr, Betty G. Bentz, Chester C. "The technology for such a system Auliffe prides himself with the repu- Braham, Cynthia R. Clarke, Doris already exists, and we are insestigat- tation that everyone who shows, M. Lee, Sandra M. Palmer. ing the business potential for satellite- plays. Draftsperson Carolyn Faulkner Labs. Ignace G. Atohoun, Eugene to-home TV service," said Dr. Joseph is looked upon as the team's out- H. Bainbridge, Charles E. Barrett, V. Charyk, President and Chief standing player. Ilwai-Huang Chang, James B. Executive Officer of COMSAT. Don Fietkiewicz recently received Collins, John C. Hsing, Raymond F. the corporation's Ten-Year Service Kessler, Robert F. Riblet. Award with Kurt Boehm, Gene Jamesburg. Marco A. Treganza Guenthner and Danny McAuliffe Paumalu . Leonard M. Nagashima receiving Five-Year Service Awards. New York. Mary L. Ward Shari Properzio

JULY- AUGUST 1979 17 1 • • 6 1 JA • 1, •1, Sau i Samo le COMSAT. org EARTH STATION UPDATE TULAGA 0 LE GALUEAIINA 0

Construction is on schedule at the earth station near Tatuna LE NOFOAGA This earth station and its big, dish-shaped antenna will make possible a wide range of communications services around the O loo ua gasologa manuia pea le fausia o le nofoaga o le clock, seven days a week beginning this tall satelaite, i Tafuna 0 lenei Pale, faatasi ma ona anetena lapopo a pei The earth station is being built by COMSAT. the Communi- ni sasa o le a taatagofie ai tesoota iga eseese i soo se taimi i soo cations Satellite Corpation Working with a sophisticated satellite se aso, amata i le faawga o le tausaga nei more than 22,000 miles above the Pacific, it will provide high O lenei Pale satelaite o loo fausia e le COMSAT, le quality and reliable telephone telegraph, telex, data and Faalapotopotoga mo Fesoota iga i Satelaite Latou to galulue facsimile services as well as television reception from anywhere faatasi ma se satelaite o loo tealua'i pe 22.000 maila i luga ae o le in the world Vasa Pasef ka. E ala mai ai sna fesoota iga lelei ma le manino mo Through this new window on the world. Samoa will join the telefoni. uaealesi , masini telekarafi, atoa ma isi lava ituaiga international network of more than 120 countries that are using fesoota iga e aofia ai ma ata o televise, ma soo se itu o le talolagi satellites to make the world just a phone call away Mai lenei faamatama o lea sisi i Samoa. o le a w atu ai Samoa COMSAT is proud to join with the Government of American i se fesoota iga ma atunuu e silia i le 120 i le lalolagi o loo latou Samoa to bring you these improved communications services faaaogaina to i is lava satelaita e faanofo lalata ai latou uma Watch for future updates about your new earth station. Were O se mitamitaga tele i le COMSAT Iona galulue faatasi ma le COMSAT. the company that will be your link to the world via Maio o Amerika Samoa e faaoo atu i tagata nei gaoioiga tou ma le satellite. maoae mo tesootalga Faafofoga mai pea mo nai tala o taualumaga o le galuega o le Pale satelaite O i matou o le COMSAT. le kamupani o lea avea ma ou fesoota iga ma le lalolagi atoa e ala i satelaite

Ct7 MSAT CO M M UN/C A 770N8 SA TELL / r E CORPORA T /O N

1 September-October 1979 Volume 4 Number 5 SA TELL I TE ift1h IF vsI

" 0,11FRA COMMON/CATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION CONijg' A%4.SAT COMSAT GENERAL CORPORATION SA TEL L ITE

^t^/ 101 ! ye?

CONTENTS September -October 1979

Volume 4 Number 5 Page General Services Program Saves Energy I

PATIIWAI' S is published eiery ERT Heavily Involved with Environmental 4 other month by the Communications Assessments of' National Energy Projects Satellite Corporation's Office of Public Affairs: Robert B. Schwartz. INTEI.SAT Board Approves Two-Satellite Indian Vice President; Daniel N. Crampton. Ocean Services; Procurement of Additional IN rH sn I v Spacecraft 7 Manager. Publications. The editorial office of PATH- WAYS is located in the COMSAT Satellites "Talk to Each Other" Through 8 Building, 950 L'Enfant Plaza, S.W., Intersatellite Links Washington , D.C. 20024. Phone: Architects to Compete for INTELSAT Building 202, 554-6104. Design 8

New Satellite to Carry Maritime Packages 8 EDITOR John J . Peterson Zimmer Appointed General Counsel for ERT 8

PHOTOG R.\l'Il\ New Earth Station Proposed for Cayey 9 Michael K . Glasb^ Bill Megna Engineers and Scientists from More Than 15 Countries Participate in INTELSA^T Assignee SfAI.I. CON" I RIBI 1 OR-. Program 10 Anne Armentrout V illiam L. Brobst Notes from Personnel 13 Edgar Bolen Daniel N. Cramplon Allan (.alfund Labs Open House 14 James T. McKenna Stephen A. Saft COMSAT Volunteers Participate in WETA-TV 17 Pt BLICATION ADVISORS Fund Drive COMSAT Service Awards Presented at Labs Is .Joseph \ . ('hank President and 20 Chief F\eeuIive Officer COMSTARS Shine in '79 Lucius D. Battle Senior Vice President, Labs Intramural Softball Concludes Corporate %ffairs Enthusiastic Season 22 .Judith S. E:Inicki Manager. Media Relations 24 and Information services Network Bits

Service Anniversaries 26 COMSAT GENERAL Hale \iontgomen Director, Marketing Services Cover. COMSAT President and Chief Executive Officer Joseph V. Chan'k addresses the Governor of'American Samoa and guests during ceremonies marking the dedication of the COMSA T earth A member of the International Association Pago. A feature will appear in of Business (' ommunicators. station near l'ago special inaugural the November-December issue.

COMMUNI( AT IONS SATELLITE CORPORATION 1979 J General

Services

Program

saves

energy As part of its continuing energy- savings program , CO.M.SAT's General Ser- vices staff intends to replace the rotary cup burner system on its two boilers with the more fuel-efficient air atomizing type. Here Bob Hudspeth, left, and George Houchens of L'Enfant Plaza 's Building Engineering staff are shown working on a rotary cup burner.

131 SI L\ I SAI I

The recent oil crisis, the second cri- A FLARL' SAVI\GS FOt IVA- electric-load reduction is worth to sis of its type in the 1970s, has made lent to 122,000 gallons of them in terms of fuel they do not the goal of f reduced consumption of oil or 723 tons of coal have to burn to produce electricity. fossil ,fuels and the exploitation of al- that's shat COMSAT has achieved as It's a significant savings and one of ternative energy resources something a result of a recently-completed which employees can all he proud in akin to a national obsession. The arti- change in the lighting system of the these energy-short times. cles that follow deal with two aspects headquarters building in L'Lnfant For the Corporation, the reduction of the involvement of the COMSAT Plata. in the building's electric load shows family with the energy issue. The arti- The program. proposed and car- up in reduced electric hills every cle beginning on this page focuses ried out by the General Services month. Given the current cost of' on CO;'4SAT's own successful efforts Division, called for the replacement electricity in the Washington area, to reduce the energy consumption at of' approximately 28,000 fluorescent we're talking about an annual sav- the headquarters building in I'Enfant lamps with more energy efficient ings of' $88,300. That averages out Plaza, and the article which follows types in the close-to-14,000 lighting to $7,350 a month or per electric bill. tells about the long-standing involve- bays in the ceilings on nine floors of For a frame of reference, look at a ment of COMSAT's new subsidiary, the building, the turning off of some typical electric bill for the head- Environmental Research and Tech- hays completely, and the cleaning of quarters building. The bill for the nology, Inc., with matters concerning all light diffusers. period July 17 to August 15. 1979. the clash of energy and environmental The 122,000 gallons of oil or 723 (Continued on next page) concerns. tons of coal is what the Potomac Mr. Saft is Editor, External Publica- Electric Power Company (PEPCO) tions . Office of Public Afairs. PHOTOS BY MICHAEL GLASBY figures the 1.736,650 kWh in annual

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 1 i Continued %rom page 11 To be perfectly fair to ourselves, $80,204. (How the new 65-degree we have to balance the extra heating winter standard for public buildings for example, was $64,829.60, of oil burned in the winter against the will affect actual fuel usage for heat- which $21,651.69 was fuel adjust- reduced load on the air conditioning ing is still not known as of this ment cost and 53,087.12 was sales system in the summer. The same writing.) tax. lighting system that puts more of a It must be quickly added that the strain on the heating system because net savings in terms of either dollars it produces less heat is a boon to the egun in July 1979 on the eighth or fuel is in reality not quite as high air conditioning system for that very B floor, the rclaniping effort took as it first appears. Lights produce reason. Edward .1. Sanderson, Direc- three months to complete. It in- heat, and in a well-insulated structure tor of General Services, computes the volved replacing the two fluorescent like the headquarters building, that annual air conditioning load reduc- lamps in each of the lighting has on heat helps to reduce the load put tion as amounting to 100 tons or a each floor. The greatest reduction in on the heating system in the colder savings of S10,044. A spokesman for electricity load was effected in those months. The Corporation's new, PEPCO, power company I'or the city areas where high light levels are not more efficient lighting system pro- of Washington and its Maryland required on a^continuing basis (f'or duces less heat. Hence, the heating suburbs, says the 100-ton air condi- example, conference rooms and cor- system must work harder than before tioning load reduction means a sav- ridors). to maintain an adequate temperature ings of another 8,000 gallons of oil In place of one of the conventional in the building. In fact, because of they don't have to burn. 40-watt, four-foot-long fluorescent the lighting change, the heating Thus looked at from the point of lamps on a ballast, the relamping system will now have to burn 30,000 view of total energy saved and using crew inserted either a Sylvania more gallons of oil. At the current oil as the standard-COMSAT's Thrift/Mate TM33 or Thrift/Mate price of 60.41 cents per gallon and relamping effort amounts to an im- TM50, depending on the lighting still soaring we're talking about an pressive 100,000 gallons and, in terms intensity required in the area. The added annual cost of 518,123. of cost, a more-than-respectable other lamp was replaced by a standard type. Thrift/Mate TM33 and Edward J. Sanderson , Director, General Services, demonstrates the operation TM50 fluorescent lamps are the same of lumps to Valli M. Agent, Senior of a meter for measuring the light output length as their conventional counter- Clerk, Facilities and Office Services. parts, but three and a half inches at one end of' the tubes consists of wattage-reducing circuitry in a cylindrical plastic housing. The Thrift/Mates require 33 percent or 50 percent less wattage than the conventional fluorescent lamp, hence the designations TM33 and TM50. In some areas, ballasts have been turned off. For example, in the ele- vator lobbies on each floor, 13 ballasts are now no longer used. The areas are noticeably darker than they used to he, but these are not places where a lot of light is required. An important part of the relamping effort was the cleaning of each of the close-to-14,000 light diffusers on the nine floors involved, a job that Mr. Sanderson says he intends to schedule approximately every four years. The advantage of replacing all the lamps in one fell swoop is the sub-

2 PATHWAYS stantial reduction it should bring about in the time required later for day-to-day lamp replacement. And. as Mr. Sanderson points out, the cost in terms of people's time for an activity like lamp replacement is not insignificant. "Labor for day-to-day relamping equates to one man-year." he explains. In all, the effort cost S80,172. but in a memorandum sent to Donald E. Greer, Assistant Vice President. Gen- eral Services and Headquarters Ex- ecutive Officer and the man who approved the relamping program Mr. Sanderson shows that the ex- penditure was worth every penny.

For the next four years, the energy Assistant Vice President Donald E . Greer and Rosemarie Haines , secretary savings resulting from the program to Senior Vice President Richard S. Rodman , demonstrate the use of new vertical will amount to $328,175, for a net blinds being installed in the headquarters building in COMSA T's energy-.caving savings of S248,003. In fact, it will efforts. take less than a year for the program programs into effect. The two boilers to pay for itself. used to heat the building, which, along with the air conditioning sys- Utilitvman Curtis Lloyd installs a ri an interview. during which Mr. tem, are located in the penthouse new energy-saving lamp . In the head- Sanderson provided details on I above the eighth floor, will soon be quarters relamping effort , appro-ri- the relamping effort, he also dis- getting more efficient burners. The mately 28,000 fluorescent lamps were cussed Covis:\ is overall energy-sav- old rotary cup burner system is being installed. ing activities. The Corporation first replaced by a new air atomizing type. instituted an energy savings program Why? Because the air atomizing sys- just after the first oil crisis in 1973. tem has been found to be a much The headquarters building, a product more economical user of fuel. of 1960s architecture (when oil was Another effort will involve paint- still cheap), was designed for 24- ing the roof with an aluminized coat- hour-a-day lighting and 24-hour-a- ing. The reflective surface will mini- day heating or air conditioning. The mize heat absorption during the General Services staff discovered, warmer months and hence should however, that by insisting that lights benefit the air conditioning system. be turned off after the cleaning crews The third effort being planned departed the building at night and by also should take some of the load off cutting off' heating or air conditioning the air conditioning system. Installa- at 5:30 p.m. weekdays, substantial tion of vertical blinds on all the savings could he realized. windows on the floors throughout Since 1973, Mr. Sanderson esti- the building will begin shortly. When mates, the kilowatt consumption of closed, the blinds will substantially the headquarters building has been reduce the sun's heating of interior reduced 24 percent and fuel oil con- air. One of the interesting features sumption has been cut 46 percent. of the blinds is their generous use of And, he asserts, new energy savings small perforations. Even when closed, programs are being studied and will the blinds still permit the outside be instituted in the future. world to be seen, thanks to the in- For example, the General Services clusion of these hundreds of tine staff is planning to put three new holes. (Continued on page 6)

SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1979 3 B1' BARBARA J. GO[ DS\IITII

I'RI' ENFR(;l DFVELOPNIFNI project has environmental E consequences, and during the 1970s, a series of environmental ERT heavily involved with laws has helped bring about a careful review of all major projects which are proposed throughout the country. environmental assessments These laws generally reflect the con- tention that the majority of development projects could be built as long of national energy projects as moderate environmental controls were included early in design, construction and operation plans. Now, however, as President Carter signalled in his mid-July address dards (designed to protect vegetation, energy-related projects. In the case outlining the oil import reduction property and other benefits), should of coal projects in particular, the program, the nation must face up to the plant be allowed to he built? complexity of the procedures in- the difficult choices between energy HOW \I(('11 FNFRGI LSE CAN wE volved in obtaining permits, includ- and the environment. (Y)MMIT FOR FNVIRONMENTAL CON- ing the development of supporting The national policy question is not TROLS? For example, is a 10-20 data and public hearings, has created a simple tradeoff of "environmental percent reduction in gasoline mileage major planning uncertainties. Where quality for energy development". justified for all automobiles operated the question of eventual compliance but can be phrased in two parts: in the United States in order to meet with environmental laws has intro- How' MUCH CAN WF ALLOW FN- air quality standards in certain major duced too great a risk, businesses VIRONMFNTAI ('ONTROIS TO BLOCK cities in the country? have in some cases had to forego FNERGV DEVELOPMENT'? For example, Since its founding, ERT has been potential development opportunities. if a needed major power plant could heavily involved in performing the The President's proposed energy be built in conformance with the preconstruction and post-construc- initiatives have greatly accentuated primary air quality standards (de- tion environmental assessments for a the interrelationship between envi- signed to protect public health), but large number of energy projects, in- ronmental consideration and the would exceed the secondary stan- cluding oil refineries, oil and gas objective of energy self-sufficiency. pipelines, coal-fired electric power It is now clear that both these na- plants, surface mines, coal-hauling tional goals will represent a directly rail lines, synthetic fuel plants. coal conflicting challenge to this country slurry lines, and oil shale and mineral over the next decade. drilling operations. In most cases, permits to construct were successfully issued once it was demonstrated I n the last few years, ERT has that the necessary controls would be become increasingly involved in adopted to ensure compliance with the national policy issues concerning applicable federal, state and local tradeoffs of these goals. A recent environmental laws and regulations. project of the Policy Analysis Divi- As environmental control require- sion required that ERT identify the ments (particularly those embodied principal provisions of federal en- in the Clean Air Act Amendments vironmental laws which could he of 1977) have become increasingly viewed as candidates for substantive stringent, however, the cost of achiev- and procedural waivers under the Ms. Goldsmith is Manager. New ing the required levels of control (in- proposed Energy Mobilization Board Program Development , ERT's Policy cluding the permit process itself and Analysis Division which has recently (EMB). The creation of an Energy established an office in Washington. accompanying delays) has in some Mobilization Board is a major com- cases forced the abandonment of ponent of the President's energy pro-

4 PATHWAYS gram. The purpose of the Board is energy-related facilities: electric util- • the energy use impact (whether to eliminate delays in the granting of' ity generators, coal gasification imposition of the subject section permits for "critical" energy facilities plants, oil ports, refineries, liquid would create a significant demand by cutting through federal and state synfuel plants, mining activities, pipe- for energy use in the respective fa- government red tape. This proposal lines, ground transportation systems cility type). recognizes that important constraints (rail), hydro-electric plants and on- This comprehensive analysis, in- on expanding domestic energy pro- shore/offshore drilling. volving II senior professional staff duction are the procedures required The significance of possible con- members, is expected to serve as an to receive government approval to straint of each environmental law on important part of the information proceed with a project and that many each of these energy production fa- base while legislation to create the of the required approvals are asso- cilities was assessed. In determining Energy Mobilization Board is under ciated with environmental laws. the relative need for a waiver (for development. ERT's Policy Analysis Division each section of the applicable law enlisted the assistance of experts and for each facility type), ERT con- nothcr example of' ERT's work throughout the company on each of sidered: A in the energy-environment the principal federal environmental • the magnitude of constraint policy area involves the Department laws: The Clean Water Act, The (the importance of the requirement, of Energy (DOE). Since September National Environmental Policy Act, and the economic, time and/or tech- 1977, F.RT has served as a principal The Powerplant and Industrial Fuel nology resources needed to meet the contractor to DOE in performing Use Act, and The Surface Mining requirement), technical and policy analysis of na- Control and Reclamation Act. For • the frequency of imposition of tional air quality issues which impact each law, ERT briefly described the the constraint (the frequency with energy development and use. Each significant sections (or related groups which the subject section would in1- of the analyses that the staff of ERT of sections) which could affect con- pose a significant substantive or has undertaken has involved the struction of 10 different types of procedural requirement) and (Continued on next page)

T'RT studies the war's in which environmental pollution , clash with laws aimed at increasing laws, one ol'whose goals is the elimination of air the nation 's energy output.

SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1979 5 Fuel Use Act (FUA) Amendments to Endangered Species Act

Implementing Amendments to FWPCA regulations still Amendments to CAA in process of Surface Mining Control & Reclamation Act (SMCRA) promulgation. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Amendments to FIFRA Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Energy Supply and Coordination Act (ESCA) Endangered Species Act Coastal Zone Management Act (CZM) Ocean Dumping Act

Noise Control Act (NCA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

Amendments to Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) Clean Air Act (CAA) National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

ivlajor environmental legislation ENERGY (Continued from page 3) Mr. Sanderson makes clear that the Corporation has no intention of ER'f ceasing its energy saving programs (Continued from page It is clear that a sinele solution to with the completion of these three assessment of possible conflicts be- the energy-environment conflict will new programs. As new energy-saving tween DOE plans and programs and not be found. The issues will need to technology becomes available and is environmental control requirements. be carefully worked out through many proven cost effective, it too will be- ERT's projects for DOE have in- analyses of the problems at specific come part of Co\ts^\T's continuing cluded : preparation of a briefing sites and general policy studies over effort to keep energy usage and costs book ( with periodic updates) on air a period of many years. ER'h will down. quality regulatory issues for the as- continue to be heavily involved in With the second oil crisis in less sistant - secretary level Environmental both types of activities. than a decade behind us, all of us Issues Committee ; technical issues During the next several years ERT have come to realize that the world's related to visibility protection under expects to bring the resources of its supply of the precious hydrocarbon the Clean Air Act: assessment of air extensive technical experience and is limited and that energy conserva- quality impacts associated with strip its involvement in the regulatory tion efforts must be made. Thus it mining activities, and technical eval- process to bear on the national pol- should be reassuring to know that uation of the new source (emission icy choices which must be made as Cols\T has been aggressively pur- limitation ) performance standards efforts to develop energy resources suing an energy savings effort of it, for electric utility steam generators. in this country escalate. own for several years.

6 PATHWAYS The "Thirty-ninth Meeting of the INTELSAT Board of Governors was held in September in Washington, INTELSAT Board approves two-satellite D.C. Twenty-five Governors representing 69 of the 102 Signatories at- Indian Ocean service ; procurement of tended all or part of the meeting. Among its actions the Board: additional INTELSAT V spacecraft

Technical and Operations Matters • Approved the introduction of full • Decided that IN rEi.SAI would of- Organizational and Administrative two-satellite operation (primary, nma- fer preemptible short-term trans- Matters jor path, plus spare) in the Indian ponder leases to meet domestic re- • Decided that contributions to the Ocean Region at year-end 1982, as quirenments, for it minimum period of INTELSAT retirement plan shall in- recommended by the Director Gen- three months, extendable in one clude provisions for full pre-funding eral. month increments to a maximum of of cost-of-living increases to pensions, • Authorized the Director General to one year. The charge established is and the employees' contribution shall exercise by September 21, 1979, the $450,000 for the initial three months. be increased commencing January 1, option to procure one additional and $120,000 for each additional 1980 from 6.5 percent to 7 percent INTELSAT V spacecraft (F-8) including month for lease of a global beam of remuneration as defined in the a maritime communications subsys- transponder: twice these amounts for plan with the employers' contribution tem and Ariane compatibility, at a spot beam; 1.2 times these amounts increased so as to achieve full pre- an estimated option price of $27,- for a hemispheric beam; propor- funding. x00,000. tionate adjustments for half' or quar- • Authorized the Director General to • Authorized the use of an uncon- ter transponders: and appropriate adjust the INTEI SAT salary struc- strained trajectory for Atlas Centaur charges for early termination. The ture effective January I. 1980. to re- launches of INTELSAT v spacecraft, at Board approved short-term allotment flect the estimated increase in the an estimated additional cost of agreements with Australia incor- Washington CPI to November 1979 $500,000 per launch, in order to porating these terms and conditions and to adjust individual salaries to achieve the associated increase of for lease of one-half global beam and reflect a maximum of 90 percent of approximately four months in each one-half' spot beam in a Pacific movement in this index. satellite's expected station-keeping Ocean Region satellite. Services are • Approved urgently needed staffing lifetime. expected to commence in November for the Executive Organ, consisting of • Requested the Director General to 1979. new positions in the Spacecraft Con- continue future system studies on the • Approved it Cameroon non-stan- trol Center. INTEI SAT Operations assumption that domestic services dard earth station for access to Center, Planning and Studies De- will he provided on a planned basis. INTELSAT iv and IV-A satellites in partnmcnt, and Communications Engi- • Approved extension of the existing the Atlantic Ocean Region, it Phil- neering Department. cost-reimbursement contract with the ippine non-standard earth station for British Post Office for the provision access to INTELSAT iv satellites in of TOCC support services until end- the Pacific Ocean Region, and a Financial and Legal Matters 1980 at an estimated cost of $220,000 United Kingdom non-standard earth • Authorized the Director General in 1979 and $285,000 in 1980. station to be located in Hong Kong to obtain liability and launch failure • Approved Brazil's request for lease for access to INTELSAT Iv satellites insurance coverage for Atlas Centaur on a preemptible basis of one global in the Pacific Ocean Region, each launches of INTELSAT V satellites. beam transponder, which may be subject to specified operating condi- • Established charges for provision converted during 1980 to a hemis- tions. These four stations will he used Of INTELSAT TT&C facilities to sup- pheric beam transponder, and an to provide service while standard A port non-INTELSAT launches of agreement for the preemptible lease antennas are being retrofitted for $180,000, S200,000 and $220,000 to Australia of an INTELSAT IV spot INTELSAT v operation. The Board for each launch in 1982, 1983 and beam transponder, which will he also approved the United Kingdom 1984 respectively. converted when an INTELSAT IV-A earth station for the purpose of con- becomes available in the Pacific, to ducting further cross polarization ex- The preceding report was prepared two INTELSAT IV-A hemispheric beams, periments and extended approval for by Ingrid Kollisi of the INTELSAI with a corresponding increase in the Liberian Sinkor non-standard 4/fairs Division. space segment charges. earth station until January 31, 1980.

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 7 Satellites "talk to each other" New satellite to carry through intersatellite links maritime packages

A significant part of INTFi SAT's generations of satellites. "The aver- INTEI.SAT will order an eighth sat- Research and Development program age R&D contract takes about three ellite in its next-generation IN t H SA t is focusing on the technology of in- or four years to complete," Mr. v series to meet operational needs in tersatellite links for satellite com- Sachdev said, "so we are constantly the Atlantic Ocean Region. munication systems of the future. involved in other near-term projects The INTEI SAT Board of Governors "If you look at the global satellite while keeping an eye on the future." at its recent meeting in Washington, network as a jigsaw puzzle, I would In fact, I`rt,i sAi's Research and De- decided to go ahead with its option say that the use of intersatellite links velopment team has already begun to place an order with Ford Aero- is the last missing piece," said plans for its 1980 program. "We will space and Communications Corpora- I\tt-tsAt's Manager of R&D. Mr. he continuing intense activity on tion for another spacecraft in addi- D. K. Sachdev. intersatellite links, while putting in- tion to the seven already on order. "Intersatellite links will allow sat- creased emphasis on technologies It is estimated that the extra satellites to 'talk to each other,' thus that could be applicable to iNTFl.SAT ellite will cost about $38 million. permitting a signal to he beamed yl and beyond," Mr. Sachdev said. The new satellite will provide more from an earth station to a satellite capacity in the Atlantic Ocean Re- Among the projects being pro- and then routed through any number gion than the INTEL SAT ]V-A which posed for 1980 are studies on the use of satellites before being beamed it will eventually replace. Indications of multiple beam antennas for more back to earth. Of' course, while parts are that demand for satellite commu- extensive use of the available fre- of this technology may he in use by nications capacity in this region will quency spectrum as well as the de- the late 1980s, it will take longer increase by 114 percent by the end velopment of larger spacecraft which before it is in use on a worldwide of 1983. could be accommodated by increased basis," he said. The eighth INTEISAT V will be one launcher capabilities. Within the intersatellite link cate- of four carrying maritime packages gory, there are four specific tech- "But the technology of the near to perform ship/shore/ship com- nologies that are currently under future, say the next five to ten years, munications in addition to their study: wideband FM modem, travis the all digital network," Mr. normal international communica- elling wave tubes, tracking antennas Sachdev said. "We are currently tions roles, beginning in the 1981-82 and low-noise receivers. working on hardware for both space- timeframe. In addition to this long-term proj- craft and earth stations to adapt the The first of the INTEL SAT vs is ect, IvrEi xvi R&D is covering a full existing networks to Time Division scheduled to he launched in 1980 range of research activities, from Multiple Access (TDMA), and even- over the Atlantic Ocean. purely exploratory research and stud- tually to Satellite-Switched TDMA. ies to specific, fixed-time development We hope to make digital technology Zimmer appointed General projects aimed at providing neces- development one of our prime ob- Counsel for ERT sary technology for the next few jectives in our 1980 R&D program." Thomas M. Zimmer, Esq., Assis- tant General Counsel of COMSAT GENERAL Corporation since July Architects to compete for 1976, has been appointed Assistant INTELSAT building design General Counsel for Environmental Services Matters and will serve as Architects from five countries Erickson Architects , Canada, Raili the General Counsel for Environ- have been selected to take part in a & Rcima Pietila, Finland ; Hellmuth, mental Research & Technology, competition to design a new head- Ohata & Kassabaum , P.C., U.S.A.; ERT, located in Concord, Massa- quarters building for INTELSAT. Con- Holabird & Root , U.S.A.: and chusetts. struction of the new building is Hendrich, Petschnigg and Partner Before Joining COMSAT GENERAL scheduled to begin as soon as feasi- KG, West Germany. in August 1974. Mr. Zimmer was ble after final architectural plans INTELSAT will ask these architects Manager, Policy Development De- have been developed. to produce preliminary concept department, COMSAT. Joining COMSAT The six finalists, chosen from a signs for its headquarters . The final in 1972, he had previously served in total of 93 architects from 23 coun- architectural contract will be awarded the Judge Advocate General's Corps tries, are: John Andrews, Interna- on the basis of these designs, prob- of the U.S. Army in positions in tional Pty., Ltd., Australia; Arthur ably early next year. Europe and the Far Fast.

8 PATHWAYS COMSAT has asked the Federal Communications Commission fur authority to construct a new. S7.7- New earth station million earth station in Cavev, Puerto Rico. to operate with the INIFiSAi proposed for Cayey international communications satellite system.

CoxtsA i pointed out in its applica- and had been part owner of an in- CO\tsAT proposed that it be "pro- tion filed recently that Puerto Rico's ternational earth station in Cayey. cessed under the assumption" that international message volume unex- However, in the early 1970s COMSAT other U.S. carriers would wish to pectedly shot up approximately 65 signed an agreement to transfer op- share the ownership of the new sta- percent between 1976 and 1978 and eration and ownership to All :Amer- tion and that COMSAT would operate that projected service will more than ica Cable & Radio, Inc. after the the station. Under this arrangement double from 1979 to 1985. It also FCC said traffic between the U.S. Costs.xT would manage the day-to- noted that Puerto Ricans today have mainland and Puerto Rico could be day operations and own 50 percent no direct access to the INTFLSIT sys- carried via a domestic satellite sys- of the station just as it does with tem, and that the new facility is re- tem rather than via the IN FH s \ i the other international stations in quired to assure Puerto Ricans the system. That transfer was completed Andover, Maine; Etam, West Vir- same benefits of direct access as in March 1979. ginia; Jamesburg, California; mainland U.S. citirens now enjo%. When COMSAT signed the transfer Brewster, Washington, and Paurnalu, "There is an existing and growing agreement, it appeared that future Hawaii. If other carriers are not in- need for an international commu- traffic from Puerto Rico to inter- terested in owning the remaining 50 nications earth station in Puerto national points would not justify percent, Cois i would propose to Rico to provide residents with di- continued operation of a Puerto assume full ownership of the new verse, reliable and low-cost commu- Rican earth station as part of the station. nications world-wide," said Joseph IN 1 i-i SAT system. But substantial in- The proposed international earth V. Charyk, President and Chief Ex- ternational traffic has developed and station, a Standard A type with a ecutive Officer Of COMSAT. "The Coxts,vi said in its application that dish-shaped antenna 105 feet in di- earth station we propose will put "current analysis shows that an in- ameter, would be built near the ex- Puerto Ricans in better touch with ternational station can now be isting domestic earth station in Cayey, their neighbors around the world." justified." which is about 35 miles south of San CoMSnT previously had operated In submitting its application, Juan.

R&D Committee visits Labs The R & D Committee of the COMSAT Board of Directors visited COMMSA T Laboratories recently and was taken on a tour of research and development activities by Labs' Director John V. Harrington and Lou Pollack , Executive Director. Here the group is briefed on the communication' system monitor test bed by Chris Afahle (right), Manager, Transponders, Micro- wave Lab. Interested listeners are: (left to right) Jerome W. Breslow, Corporate Secretary; Board Chairman , John D. Harper (partially hidden ); Charles J. Pilliod, Jr.; John V. Harrington ; Joan F. Tobin ; Bruce G. Sundlun ; Melvin R. Laird; Lou Pollack; and William W: Hagerty. Other Labs activities visited by the R & D Committee were: TDMA, digital television, regenerative repeater, microwave integrated circuit technology, bearing signature analysis , electronic mail test bed, multibeam antenna , nickel- hydrogen bat- tery for space applications, optical fibre transmission link and the new IBM 3032 computer.

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 9 Engineers and scientists from more than 15 countries participate in INTELSAT Assignee Program

B, A i i .\. Gm i t.,, i>

The INTELSAT Assignee Program and the United Arab Republic. While assigned to the System Applications is an I NTFI S.\T-sponsored program the majority (56) has been assigned and Simulation Department of the for Signatories to allow engineers to Co\ISAT Laboratories or other Transmission Systems Laboratory. and scientists an opportunity to work technical functions in Co\ts-\T, five During the two years Mr. Perillan with the COMSAT staff, generally for have been posted to Operations, and worked in the labs, he made signifi- a period of up to two years. one to Finance. cant contributions in the area of Since 1965. more than sixty assign- The assignees are detailed to per- computer modeling of communica- ees from fifteen countries have par- form their duties on INTFi sAT- tions satellite systems, more specifi- ticipated in the program: fifteen supported projects alongside regular cally in the implementation of the from Japan: eleven from France: Co:Nism employees. Over the years, Satellite Transmission Impairments eleven from the United Kingdom; assignees have made notable con- Program (STIP). He also partici- five from Italy: four from Germany: tributions to the development of the pated in the implementation of a three each from India and Spain: KT F I SAT System. computer program to assess tele- two each from The Netherlands and Luis Perillan, a nominee from the vision transmission performance. Sweden: and one each from Brazil, Compatiia Telefonica Nacional de Mr. Perillan is now a full-time em- Denmark. Israel, Korea, Norway, Espana, the Spanish Signatory, was ployee with Isrttswi. Another nominee who received high marks during his two-year tour Toshitake Noguchi, a nominee from Nippon Electric Company, Ltd.. Japan , has been assigned to the Modulation Techniques Department since June 1977. He has been active of duty at the Labs was Dr. Takuro in the study of the nonlinearities associated with the satellite transponder channel and Muratani of Kokusai Denshin Denwa with earth stations. His studies have contributed to the development of computer simula- Co.. LTD., of Japan, who was as- tion of adaptive equali zation , a technique which holds promise for reducing the effect signed to the Communications Pro- of linear distortion on digital carriers. cessing Laboratory. While in the Multiple Accessing and Digital Con- trol Department. Dr. Muratani worked on the development of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) system concepts with particular emphasis on study and experi- I mental evaluation of satellite- switched TDMA. fie developed concepts important to routing TDMA traffic through the satellite and produced several technical papers on the subject. Dr. Muratani organized and performed tests on synchronization of a TDMA earth terminal with a satellite switch; this involved two 1 DMA

Mr, Gal/und is Manager , Technical Information . COMS;I T Laboratories.

10 PATHWAYS terminals, a model of the on-board satellite switch and an earth terminal to satellite and return path. He successfully completed this important experiment which established that Roger Colby came to accurate synchronization was achiev- COMSAT Labs as a nomi- able. nee of the United Kingdom from the British Post Of- A nominee from France, Dr. Bruno fice and ha s been assigned Blachier. from Thompson. CSF, to the Communications P) spent two years in the Microwave Processing Labs' technical Lab and gained recognition for his staff since early 1978. He a outstanding work in microwave was a major contributor to V_ the I;S'TELSAT TDMA circuit design. He contributed sig- field trials as the principal nificant knowledge to the design of technical investigator re- phase-equalized microwave filters sponsible for analysis q/ and initiated work in microwave field trial data. Colby also integrated circuits. generated many of the recommendations which re- During his assignment as a Staff sulted in improved TD'NA Scientist on the Technical Project system performance. Staff at Co is\1 Labs, Dr. Jonathan Mass, nominee from the National Committee for Space Research. Israel, was highly regarded for his work in the analysis of, and research into, the effects of rain on microwave propagation. To his assignments at the Labs he brought an excellent understanding of electromagnetic The examples cited are typical of Benefits from the program accrue phenomena, and lie contributed to the high caliber of scientists and to all of the participants: IN t i i sA i the analysis of rain statistics. engineers who have taken part in the benefits from the advances in the Dr. Heinz Haeherle, a nominee program. Unfortunately, space does space segment capability made pos- from Germany's Standart Elektrik not permit recording the individual sible by successful research pro- Lorenz A.G., made noteworthy con- accounts of all of those who have grams; Cu sis s r benefits from the tributions in the development of made meaningful contributions to new ideas and fresh talents each as- TDMA systems and scanning beam the advancement of satellite com- signee brings to the Laboratories: concepts at COMSAT Labs during the munications technology. the assignees' careers are enhanced two years he was assigned to the Since January 1, 1979, the pro- by their work in the INT1 i SAT R&D Communications Processing Lab. gram has been administered by the Program and by their close associa- He is now a member of the Board Executive Organ of I\uLLSAT. Candi- tion with the staff at the Labora- of Directors of the Deutsche dates meeting the qualifications for tories. Additional benefits are real- l orschungs-und Vcrsuchsanstalt fuer an assignee position may be nomi- ized from the continuing friendly Loft-und Raumfahrt e V. nated by their Signatory_ The selec- associations of Labs personnel with Dr. Ettorc 1-ariello, an I \ t ttsA r tion of individuals in the Program assignees after they return to their assignee from Telespazio, Italy, had from available candidates is made home countries. a two-year assignment in the Nlodu- by the Director General of INiLLSAT Illustrating the close associations lation Technique, Branch of the with the concurrence of Costs s i. which have developed among former Communications Processing Labora- INFELSAT is responsible for the ad- assignees and Labs personnel is a tory. During that time, Dr. Fariello ministration of the Assignee Pro- letter from Pierre Neyret, a nominee made significant contributions to the gram, including announcements of from the French Signatory, who was advancement of digital satellite com- vacancies, liaison with Signatory assigned to the Microwave Lab from munications technology. He invented organizations with regard to nomi- 1975 to 1978. a digital speech detector which led nations for assignee positions, and to the development of a simple, low- extensions of assignments, payment cost and highly effective digital echo of salaries and administration of suppressor. benefits. (Continued on nest page)

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 11 NOMINEES (Continued from page H) "... I am happy to tell you that in my opinion, my own assignment has been a success, as well professionally as for my private life. It has been so because the people I had to work with are not only bright and compe- tent , they are also very friendly. and they did provide me with all the help I could hope for. As a result. I was given the opportunity to learn a lot about re- flector antennas for satellite and earth stations. This indeed filled a gap in my own experience, and I now have some background on almost all aspects of the RE portion of a communication satellite payload. I hope that my contributions during these three years did result in Yohtaro Yatsuzuka has joined the Signal Processing Department of the Communica- some benefits for IA'TELSAT and tions Processing Lab as an l TELSAT nominee from Japan. lie will he working on COMSAT, but the people I worked projects involving digital source encoding and multiplexing techniques. Prior to his selec- for are in a better position than my- Lion as an L\'TELSAT assignee, Yatsuzuka was employed by Kokucai Denshin Denwa self to evaluate them. Mr employer Co., Ltd., in Tokyo, Japan , as a research engineer. is making a good use of these contributions , since after participating .for a while in the definition of a communication repeater for a proposed European Direct TV Broadcast Sat- ellite, I am now participating in the design of a shaped beans antenna with high polarization isolation and low sidelobes. As for my private li/e, these three Dr. Rene Bonetti, an years in the COMSA T Labs have INTELSAT nominee from been a very enjoyable time, and the Brazil, has joined the tech- people I had to work with soon be- nical staff of the Circuits came my friends. I was given the Department of the Micro- opportunity of a real life discovery wave Laboratory . His as- the investiga- of the United States. I could do some signment is tion of dielectric resonators touring in your country and I was and their applications to welcomed everywhere ... microwave filters. Prior to / do think that this program his selection as an INTEL- benefits everybody: I A TELSA T. SAT assignee, Dr. Bonetti CO:LIS.4T, the .'assignee himself and was employed at the In- his employer, and that it contributes stituto de Pesquisas E.s- to give to the COMSAT Labora- paciais (Space Research tories an open. international char- Institute), Sao Paulo, Bra- acter which is a perfect illustration zil, as a research engineer. of the very purpose of international communication satellites ... "

Who could say it better'

12 PATHWAYS B1IIUII' PRYATEL

ovember is the time for Thrill Nand Savings Plan participants to decide if they want to take advantage of the partial distribution option of the Plan. NVW From I fOMt4EL I Once a year, in November, the Plan allows participants to withdraw the value of contributions (both yours and matching Corporate) that were recent magazine article on not only did physically active people made two plan years ago, without A health insurance stated that have fewer medical bills, but also penalty of suspension of future con- spending on health care goods and they were more emotionally stable tributions. The contributions are services has exceeded $200 billion a and less tense. That might be an in- those made during 1977. year in the United States. This aver- centive to exercise after reading how If you are a Thrift and Savings ages to a health bill of S930 a person. high medical costs are! Plan participant, in October you or 53,720 for a family of four. The should have received a statement of cost of health care services has in- Y ^u may wonder why it takes a your account. The statement shows creased since the late 1960s faster while for a decision to he made the value of your thrift and savings than any other type of personal ex- about closing the building during a contributions as of September 30, pense one and one-half times the snowstorm or at such times as when 1979. The actual amount you can rate of rise in our overall cost of liv- the air conditioner broke at the Plaza withdraw without penalty and nor- ing. Hospital charges alone jumped last August. Whenever the building mally without incurring an ordinary four times as fast as the consumer is closed hut salaries are being paid, income tax liability will he valued as price index: physician's fees were the company is paying money hut of December 31. 1979. three time,,, higher. getting nothing in return. That is. You can make this election any Basically this means that you can- your salary is paid in return for your time in November, with the deadline not afford not to have health insur- ef'f'orts on the job. However, when being November 30, 1979. If you ance. Costs AT provides coverage that you are out but still being paid, choose to make this election, send is not available to you as an individ- CostsAi, or any company, is losing your Disbursement Form to the Di- ual, at no cost to you for your cover- money. Last year. the total pay for rector of Treasury Operations. fifth age and at a minimal cost for your time not worked (vacations, holidays, floor at the Plaza. dependents. If you were able to ob- personal absences. etc.) was 12 per- If you are not a participant in the tain comparable coverage, it would cent of the payroll expense, or almost Thrift and Savings Plan. you may cost you approximately an average $4,100,000. This is the single highest want to think again about joining. of $56 monthly per person. cost item in the benefits program. Nowhere else will you have the In 1978. medical benefits cost The next two highest costs are pen- amount you save matched by 50 per- Co\tsA i S1,108,000, and the cost for sions and employee insurance. cent. For every dollar you save. the entire employee insurance, in- When you're suffering from heat CosISAT contributes 50e. cluding medical, dental, life, and exhaustion or worried about getting You can invest in either Fund A, accidental death and dismemberment, home safely in the snow, however, which is a guaranteed interest fund, in 1978 was approximately keep in mind that although the de- or Fund B. which is a common stock S 1,674,000, or 4.9 percent of payroll. cision to close early is a costly one, fund, or a combination of the two. The total cost of all fringe benefits employee health and safety is the Last year each fund grew Fund A extended to you by COMSAT for 1978 major Factor in making such a de- by 8.7 percent and Fund B by 8.6 was S10,880,926, or 32 percent of cision. percent. As of August I. 1979. Fund payroll. This is expected to increase A has earned 7_2 percent interest, to 34 percent of payroll for 1979. On If you have a specific issue that while Fund B has earned 6.6 percent. the average, the company spends you'd like to read about, feel free to For more explanation, read your almost 57,900 a year on each em- send me your suggestion at Room Handbook Savings Section or ask ployee for all benefits. 7199 at the Plaza. I'm sure you real- your supervisor or Stephanie Smith A SIIOR I \()I t: According to an ize I may not be able to answer all in Personnel, article in the August 19, 1979, issue questions, such as those dealing with of Parade magazine, medical hills salaries. But, if your question is of' Ms. Prt'atel is an Employee Rela- for people who exercise are only half general interest to most employees, tions Specialist in the Personnel Office. as much as those for people who I'll see what can be written on the don't exercise. A study showed that subject.

SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1979 13 PATHWAYS 14 0

COMSAT Laboratories in Clarks- burg, Maryland, celebrated their Tenth Anniversary in September with an Open House for employees, their families and friends. The photos on these pages show some of' the activities and events of the Open H ouse.

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 15 m d Forty-seven Costs.. r volunteers participated in the recent WETA COMSAT volunteers participate "on-air" Summer Membership Drive, manning telephones for four evening in WETA-TV fund drive hours, and receiving 536 pledges for a total of more than $18,000. Ac- cording to WETA officials, this represented a 33 percent gain over the expressed the corporation's desire to ticipation with Wl'.TA, the enthusi- average evening's pledges during the be a responsible corporate citizen in asm of the COMSAT volunteers greatly 10-day fundraiser. its operating communities. impressed the station management Mr. Lucius D. Battle, Senior Vice According to Jacqueline Wakeling with the volunteers expressing the President for Corporate Affairs, pre- and Joyce McKenzie, who arranged desire that "COMSAT Night at sented the corporate contribution to for and coordinated employee par- W ETA" become an annual event. W ETA during the broadcast, along with his own personal pledge. He

CO MS,t T volunteers recentlY assisted in a fund drive sponsored by Puhlic Tele- vision Station WETA. .Shown on these pages are the volunteers manning the banks of telephones accepting pledges from contributors . Seen in the photos on the opposite page in front of some of the C'ONISAT volunteers are Station WRC"s Martin Wyatt and Gwenn Thompson. In the photo at right are CO%IS l T's Senior Vice President Lucius D. Battle and Ms. Thompson.

SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1979 17 Service awards

presented at Labs

Presenting the 15 -Year A ward to Arnold L . Berman ( center) are John V. Harrington , {'ice President, Research & Engineering, (left), and Louis Pollack, Executive Director, Communications Satellite Research (right).

Receiving 10-Year . wards are, seated from left to right , D. Jones, B. Linthicum, and B. Hutchens ; standing from left to right , D. ('hontos, J. Kaiser, 1). an Der- Loo, J. Bowles, J. Mol:, B. AgraK•al, S. Jones, A. IMorell, M. Grossman, W. Moore, R. Jol•ner, D. DiFon:o, R. Garlow, P. Stine and F. Esch; and award presenters at extreme right , J. Har- rington , L. Bollinger, L. Pollack and E. Rittner.

Receiving Five-Year Awards are, seated from left to right, 1. Atohoun , K. Updike and J. Hsing; standing left to right, W. Chang, C. Barrett , R. Bass, J. Kasser, R. Kessler, R. Smith, R. Riblet , V. Riginos, E. Bainbridge, C. Jenkins, J. Harrington, M. Roberts. L. Pollack and L. Bollinger. Harrington, Smith, Pollack and Bollinger made the presentations.

PATHWAYS IEEE exhibit

COMSAT L aboratories recently provided an exhibit at the IEEE Interna- tional Conference on Communications held in Boston (ICC 79). The ex hibit featured a demonstration of the high power switch and rotarj• combiner, a display of the Labs-developed echo canceller and advanced lightweight microwave wave- guide filter technology developed by the Labs. Briefing visitors to the exhibit were Janakai Potukuchi of the Microwave Lab and Michael Onufry of the Com- munications Processing Lab.

IEEE award Patent awards

Dr. Pier L . Bargellini, Senior Scientist Patent Incentive Awards were recently presented to Labs' employees. Receiving the at COMSAT Labs, has recently been awards were, seated, 0. llorna (left) and Vice President J. Harrington who made the nominated to Life Member of the Institute presentation ; and, standing left to right, C. Wolejsza, Al. Onufry, R. Kreutel. P. Karmel, of Electrical and Electronic Engineers . Executive Director Louis Pollack who made the presentation , S. Rhodes and K. Stuart. Dr. Bargellini became affiliated with IEEE as a Student Member in 1 936, main- taining his membership through the years, progressing to Associate Member, Full Member and Senior Member and nominated to Fellow (Member in 1975. Both the Fellow and Life Memberships are by election from the Institute and based on distinguished services and seniority respectively.

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 19 B l B tl.l BROBST COMSTARS shine in '79 The COMSTARS, Coyts.vT's women's softball team, had the best season in modern memory this year. They went undefeated in league play, and won two playoff games before losing in the city-wide competition. They even beat C oyts.v is male- dominated legal department team. The COMSTARS' success was at- tributed to talent, hard work, brains and a little luck. Co-managed by Bill Wannisky and Ann Younger the team was organized early last spring and prac- ticed faithfully throughout the summer. The mixture of experienced and new players blended well, and they teamed up to beat opponents nine times in their Monday night league. Due to a 10-run rule, COMST:AR games were usually over by the fourth inning. By then the slugging power of the COMSTARS had bat- tered the opposing pitcher for at least i a 10-run margin, while the COM- STARS had given up few runs be- Priscilla and her supporting cast . Priscilla Murphree earned some well deserved sym- pathy for her season -ending injury when several C 'OM.STA R.S (clockwise from left) hind the impressive pitching of Linda Angie Contreras , Claudia Top, Ruth Adams, Gail Dunagan , Nancy Weber and COa1- "Iron Arm" Korthawi Rinker and STAR fun Marion Timmons autographed her cast. the smooth catching of :Mable "Daredevil" VandergritT. Other members of the team were Angie "Bruises " Contreras, Priscilla ''Popcorn" Porter, Claudia "Slug- "Pegleg" Murphree , Cindy "10(1 ger" '1o;., Ruth "Barefoot " Adams. Percent" Clarke, Harriet "Lefty" Kathy "Pigtails" Miller, Nancy "Big Mr. Brobst is an Information Officer in C'O ,%1.SA I's Office O t Public .l Haire. Biddle, Gail "The Lip" Dunagan, Mitt'' Weher, Yvonne "Hot Corner" Ella "The Screamer" Owens. Pier Briggs and Dede "Sweet Sixteen"

We'll make more next time . TheCO;Lf- ST-tRS bake sale in the Plaza lobby last spring was an appetizing and financial success. Angie Contreras, Debbie Fall, Gail Dunagan, Ruth A dams and Ann Younger (not shown) helped sell out the goodies before the lunch hour was over. More bake sales are planned to help cover expenses for the coming season.

20 PATHWAYS Contreras. pickup game by Pier Porter (by tier Priscilla found she could not stand The coaching staff included John hatted ball, of course), the ranting, on her "twisted" ankle. Later the Berres, Bill Brobst, Dave Bushlack, and ravings of an unnamed coach ankle, according to an apropos anal- Kent Linnehur and Fred Weber. who repeatedly threw his cap to the ogy from Priscilla, swelled up to the All of the above contributed to a ground during a rainy practice and size of a softball. It was then that successful season that continued into the never-say-quit spirit of Priscilla Priscilla headed for the doctor's and the playoffs with the COMSTARS M urph rec. was put in a cast up to her knee for blowing by the Bureau of Alcohol, Priscilla was an improved player a month with torn ligaments. Tough. Tobacco and Firearms and ACTION throughout the season. In the next those COMSTARS! before bowing to an awesome group to the last game she stepped in a hole The COMSTARS will be starting called "Satan's Children." and twisted her ankle in an early early next year to build on this year's Highlights of the season included inning as she hustled off the field. success. Because of the loss of some one 19 to 2 stomping in which even Encouraged by her coaches to shake key players the COMSTARS encour- player scored at least once, a slick it off. Priscilla failed to let her pain- age all interested women rookies or double play begun by a pirouetting ful injury force her out of the contest. experienced players to contact Ann Claudia Toy at second, a bruised eye It was only after the game, the last Younger at 6192 for information on for Charles Lewis after being hit in it the COMSTARS were to win, that next year's plans.

They play softball don't they? The ama zing C'OMSTAR team and coaches included (back Porter, Linda Korthawi Rinker, Kathy Finnegan, Angie row left to right) Bill Wannisky, Harriet Biddle, Ella Contreras, Kathy Miller and Yvonne Briggs. Other mem- Owens, Bill Brobst, Cindy Clarke, Ruth Adams, Gail bers of the team and coaches were Ann Younger, Nanc_, Dunagan , Claudia Toy, Priscilla Murphree and John Weber, Dede Contreras , Dare Bushlak , Kent Linnehur Berres; (front row left to right) Mable VandergriJf, Pier and Fred Weber.

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 21 By HI \k\ Mt;t:i i LK

One of the CEA's most successful Labs Intramural Softball ventures, labs Intramural Softball. was a big hit during this past summer: six teams with more than one concludes enthusiastic season hundred enthusiastic participants composed the ever-growing league this year. John Gerace and his facilities team Game spectators got the ball rolling again, early in the spring, with their minds and heart, bent. on avenging last year's defeat by the Model Shop, and four other teams joined in with the same goal in mind: "Beat Bert Collins Shop M icros"' Mary Penrose and Olivia Piontek formed the Spirited Sliders. Bob Cool and Pat Weaver brought on the Spacecraft Space Charger, while Doug Steward challenged with his strong Drafting team. And Dan McAuliffe entered one of the most fun loving and devil-may-care teams the Labs League has ever had, MCE's Choked Chickens. The League was split into two divisions with three teams each. Each team would play every other team twice in the season that spanned .June to late August. The division winners would play for the championship in late August. The Blue Streaks The Shop Micros walked away with their division, going undefeated during regular league play. They appeared to be invincible. However, the other division was a very different story. The Facilities Blue Streaks struggled in the early going and in the final weeks a three-way tie was a definite possibility in that division. But the Blue Streaks made a late season surge. winning their division and heading into the trophy game with the momentum that could bring them final victory. As the season progressed the Labs Co-ops formed a seventh team which, though unable to enter the league because of scheduling difficulties, provided the League teams with extra games.

hfr Mueller is a 'I echnical Specialist at C'U;tf,SA / I ahoratnrie'.

22 PATHWAYS Championship Game League invited all Labs personnel On behalf of all the Intramural "One Of T he Best her" to the final championship game and League members I wish to express provided lots of goodies to go along gratitude to the following people The Facilities Blue Streaks came with the game, with funds collected for their help during the year: Bill to play ball and one hundred plus from each League player at the sea- Fallon for his support and enthu- spectators came to cheer them on. son's beginning. There were lots of siasm, Clarence Crane for providing Clearly the underdogs , they were the hot dogs, beans and potato salad the League with support and mate- crowd ' s favorites. along with an ample supply of liquid rials to keep CoxtsAr field an excel- The Blue Streaks ' determination refreshment. Mary Pen rose, Don lent ball park, and to Howard Haynes and desire hung in the air as Bill Wenworth and Oliva Piontek pre- and Pete Dorsey for a fine grounds- Fallon threw out the honorable first pared the food. keeping Jo h. ball. With the Shop coming to bat in the sixth inning , Facilities held a Lots of Action 2-0 lead and the feeling of an up- coming upset was in the minds of all at COMSAT Field. Two Blue Streak miscues allowed the first two Shop batters to reach base in the home half of the sixth, then John Kisner tied the game with a triple . Bert Collins sent a third run home with a sacrifice fly. With two outs Clagget Thompson hit his second triple of the evening , and Gary (Boomer ) Zimmerman slammed a 280-foot drive over the left field fence, giving the shop 5 -2 lead. Facilities scored twice more in the seventh and eighth innings. With a 5-4 lead in the bottom of the eighth the Shop was breathing hard and knew it had better do something in a hurry . Bert Collins singled, Jerry Creamer doubled and Clagget Thompson capped a perfect batting night with an RBI - producing sacri- The Micros fice fly. Clagget's father Jessie Thompson added another run with a single . With the Shop winning 7-4 in the ninth, Facilities got two men on base with one out and everyone was on his feet, but the game ended with them still there . Shop won 7-4. Facilities had given it all they had and fought all the way giving the evening's crowd a thriller of a ball game . Not since Blaine Shatzer's Slammers battled Drafting to a 2-1 final in 1971 had a championship game this exciting been played at CO\IS\T field. Said Blaine of this game, "One of the best ever." Said Shops' Bert Collins "It was too !! close," but in the end the best team won. Congratulations to the Shop Micros. As in other years the Intramural

SEPTEMBER -OCTOBER 1979 23 BREWSTER . The last three months Bill Mayes was selected to repre- have certainly been a busy period of sent the Moose Lodge of (irallon at Network Bits changes here . Wally Lauterbach, the Northeastern Conference, held Field Correspondents Brewster's original Station Manager, at Morgantown, W.Va. Andover retired. Jim Silvius transferred from We were sorry to lose Paul Helf- Joanne N'itus M&S to become our new Station gott , Station Engineer, to Head- Brewster Manager. Wayne Colpitts, Senior quarters, where he has accepted a Dorothy Buckingham Technician, who joined COMMS,\T at position in the R.F. Earth Station Cagey Brewster in 1967. transferred to Engineering Division. El/ren V. Castro Samoa. Darrell Nelson , Operations Sam St . Clair, former Facilities Etam Supervisor, who has been Bev Conner continu- Maintenance Supervisor, has been Jamesburg ously at Brewster since he came to promoted to Station Engineer. C. B. Marshall Coytssr in 1966, has resigned to take Jim Stout, our newest hire, is sin- Labs a position with SBS in McLean, Va. gle and resides on a farm on the out- :\'ornza Broughman The new security fence has been skirts of Clarksburg, W. Va. Joan Prince installed, as has the new COyISAT Etam employees are preparing for Blaine Shaver sign at the station access road. Fall Festival harvest events. One MCE Rockville Everyone was extremely busy and Coyfs \ r family getting ready is the Shari Properrio a bit edgy getting ready for the Feathers - Ronnie, Marion and Lesa. M & S Center Jamesburg restoration. From all in- Lesa (photo below) made her fam- Darleen Jones dications, the hard work and long ily very proud by being selected New York hours paid off everything went Queen's Train Bearer for the 34th Stephen Keller quite well. Paumalu Annual Preston County Buckwheat Bob h uma.caka Jim and Jean Silvius have pur- Festival, held September 27 through Plaza chased a home on River Plaza, 19arn lane Brewster, and are getting settled. Santa Paula Even though Jean has been very Terri tf.vers busy, she has found time to write Southbury several articles for the local paper Eileen Jacobsen she says that, with all the wind, dust, spiders and rattlesnakes (which she hasn't seen), she loves it here. ANDOVER. Congratulations to -Dorothy Buckingham Larry' White on his recent marriage to Nancy Fusaro . The marriage took ETAM. With the onset of fall, place in Scottsdale, Ariz. Nancy is a vacations have been numerous. Mike graduate of Katharine Gibbs School and Elfriede O'Hara journeyed to of Business, Boston. Larry and Knoxville, Iowa, to see the Sprint Nancy will make their home in Car National Races; Mike and Linda Andover. Britner and son went to Nashville, Al Robichaud of the TTC&M where they visited Op'ryland and function was recently promoted to various other sites of interest; Paul /.eva Feathers Technician. and Connie Mauzie and daughter The CEAA held its annual picnic made a trip to Disneyworld. Fla., 30. Lesa is seven. Ronnie is a Senior at Black Mountain during August. with stops at St. Augustine. Daytona Facilities Mechanic. Lynn Rector and The weather was good and every- Beach and Cocoa Beach; Betty Bell your correspondent will he helping body enjoyed steaks with all the went to Saratoga, N.Y., to attend prepare Buckwheat dinners. Last year fixings. the races and spent some time at St. CosiSA r President Charyk crowned Bobby Richardson is home recov- George and Ticonderoga. the Buckwheat Festival Queen. ering from a heart attack. We all Spencer and Becky Everly and Bev Conner wish him a speedy recovery. boys relaxed at Myrtle Beach, S.C.; The energy situation had its effect John and Joan Formella and family on the number of visitors who toured visited Canada where they, were able JAMESBL R(;. The station has the site this summer. Through August to enjoy their boat, fish and relax; recently welcomed three new em- 31 the total number was 10,658, a and your correspondent and her ployees. drop of roughly 3,000 from last vicar. husband, Leon , made a trip to Ocean Stephan Lamont, formerly Chief -Joanne Witas City. Md., and Nag's Head, N.C. Engineer at Monterey radio station

24 PATHWAYS KIDD, is now Electronic Technician Henry Williams and Bob Sorbello CoMSA i. having spent 12 years at a with Team C. He is a bachelor, re- went on a CEA-sponsored white variety of earth stations. sides in Monterey, and came origi- water raft trip down the Great Gorge Other new personnel joining us nally from Antioch, Calif. of the Youghiogheny River in early recently arc: Paul Blough , Dick Rose, Jeffrey B. Johns , Facilities Me- September, and report the ride ex- Don Ressler, Bob Johnson, Jim chanic, lives in Salinas with his wife, citing but uneventful (except for Williams, Bill \allo, Darrell Riddle, Cindy. A native of the Salinas Valley Bob's falling overboard). Chris Grant . Robert Wilson, Vicki area, he was formerly Supervisor Charlotte Scott vacationed for Iiarner and Terry MIcCollough. of Maintenance & Transportation, a week at Deep Creek Lake in Au- -Shari Properzio Gonzales High School, Gonzales, gust and for two weeks in Pensa- Calif. cola. Fla.. in September. Our most recent newcomer, Elec- Brenda Gray joined the Personnel tronic Technician Paul W . Linser, is Officc on September 4. New em- now working in the Electronic Main- ployees at the Labs included Dana tenance Shop. He resides in Seaside Cheney, Herbert Ingraham , J. Mark with his wife, Shirley . They have Kappes. T homas Inukai , Prabha Ku- three daughters, Cynthia, Kimberly mar, Richard Lindstrom , J ames Tren- and Beverly. Paul is an Army re- nepohl, David Quinones , Joseph tiree with more than 21 year's ser- Walker, Andrew Spencer, Dennis vice. Fruhwirth (a rehire ), John Kisner, Roy Scheiter, Senior Facilities Debbie Moore (a rehire), and David Mechanic, is retiring after more than Mowen (M&S Center). ten years with COMSAT. At a retire- Clarissa " Cris" Inman, Mctallog- ment party for Roy and his wife, rapher in the Applied Sciences Lab- NICE Rockville softball team players in- Betty, at the Rancho Canada Golf oratory, recently retired from Cosi- clude from left to right : front ro)4,, Paul Coelho and Tim Deblois and Country Club, CEA presented SAT. She was one of the first to leave ; center row, Don Hessler , Roger Miner, Rich Thorne, Roy an electronic fuel consumption COMSAT after passing her sixty-fifth Bob Pritchard, Ron Kuen:li, Carolvn meter and a tune-up kit. Betty was birthday. Cris now resides in Cape Faulkner and Larry White; and back row, given a three-in-one silver locket. Cod, Massachusetts, - B. P. S. Frank Dahrowski, Danny Mc,-luliffe and Senior Electronic Technician David Lew Parker. N. Bulk and wife Victoria began their move to Washington on the Labor Day weekend, where Dave will become a Staff Engineer in CoMSAr's MCE Rockville . The M(E softball U.S. Plant Department. Marco team munched its way through the Treganza , Electronic Technician, August 29th picnic following the M &S. Five year awards have been received a five-year Service Award. world championship series playoffs presented to Charles Jenkins, Robert Jarnesburg CEA held its annual of the COMSAT softball league (see Riblet and Michael Roberts. Ten year Summer Picnic at Royal Oaks Park, photo). Although our team has pro- awards went to Pierce Stine, Darleen near Prunedale. At a picnic drawing, gressed from amateur to professional Jones, and Barbara Hutchens. Thelma Neu , wife of' former James- quality status over the weeks of play- Vacationers this time of the year burg Administrator, won a water ing, now that winter approaches, are Pierce and Ann Stine , on a trip to filter. Facilities Engineer Walter D. Team Captain Danny McAuliffe Hawaii, and George Robertson and Robinson demonstrated CPR pro- says he has instituted a winter train- family on a camping jaunt through cedures, aided by "Re-Susci-Anne." ing program to combat the blahs and Tennessee. Other pastimes included horseshoe ensure that the team maintains its Paul MacGranahan became a pitching and pelanque (a French current dignity. Details of the pro- proud grandfather on the arrival of howling game). gram are classified. granddaughter Heather Lynn. -C'ambrell B . Marshall Hank Schutzhier will he leaving Our Calibration Team of Frank us to begin working for INTEI.SAT as a Sandel and Charles Andersen are Senior Engineer/TTC&M Supervisor completing the Eastern U.S. stations at the Yamaguchi Earth Station in of Poughkeepsie, N.Y.; Southbury, LABS. Congratulations to Bob and Japan. Hank has worked for ('oM- Conn.: and Andover, Me. Lynn Groner, who were married SAT for over 13 years and his cheerful M&S Center welcomes David August 12, and to Fred and Brenda personality will be missed. Terry Mowen to the Supply Section as a Frey, whose wedding date was Au- McCollough is the newest member Material Controller. gust 25. of NICE, although he is not new to -Darleen M. Jones SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1979 25 PAUMALU. The Station hosted pledges were from COMSAT employ- We're happy to see the cast finally one INTFis:vt and five KDD per- ees for varying amount of five or ten off and Gary back on station. sonnel for on-site FT&C training for cents per pin. Nancy howled three The 4th Annual SESEA picnic a three week period in August. The games with a grand total of 401 finally was held after four rain dates. training program was under the di- points. Thus far Nancy has collected Frank Makray 's team lost the volley rection of Ken Yamashita , Station SS40. ball tournament again. Agnes Tom- Engineer, assisted by Senior Tech- Congratulations to Mr. and Mrs. linson and May Scott visited the nician Tim Kolb . The training con- Terrence Powell on the birth of their QE2 this summer and were given sisted of an intermix of classroom son, Terrence, Jr., on August 5. a royal tour. - Dolores R. Raneri work and OJT sessions. Paumalu Terry works in the Covts.xr GENERAL employees assigned to the TT&C Control Center. Celebrating COMSAT anniversary section assisted in the training during Keith Dorrell , first son of Mr. and dates in September 1979 were: the OJT sessions. Photo shows a Mrs. James Randolph, weighed 7 lbs. 10 vears classroom session with Tim Kolb 4; oz. when he arrived July 29, 1979. Hqtrs. John J. Peterson conducting the class for the six train- Frank Graves recently hosted a Labs. James F. Allison, John A. ees. department picnic at his new home. Allison, Raymond A. Curtis, Edith Paumalu employees who took out- Present were Billie Martin, Lorrin G. Ford, Brent Jacocks, Rockwood of-state trips in recent months in- Rodgers, Carol Smith , Gayle Garrett. E. Lee, Young S. Lee, Bernard A. cluded: Joe Chow , to Toronto, Can- Butch Kehl , Bob Farrell , Ron Jen- Schmcll, Istvan Szabo, Richard C. ada, to visit with his parents. Eddie nings, Terry Lowe, and Beazie Trushel. Miyatake and Paul Koike , to Rock- Keebaugh , along with their families. Choke Cherry. John W. Ehrmann ville. Maryland, for TT&C training A great time was had by all, what 5 Years session: Bob Kumasaka , to Califor- with the crabs, keg of beer, chicken, Hqtrs . Byron L. Brooks, Margaret nia, in connection with his son's hot dogs, and so on. Bob Farrell and Conkling, Nicholas D. Diavatis. enrollment in college: Lily Miram, Frank Craves visited Andover Earth Louise W. Langley, Pearl B. Lucien, to Las Vegas, for a high school class Station in August on a familiariza- Alfred G. Meyer, Sandra L. Morton, reunion: and Charles Wong covered tion program involving tracking and William P. Newman, Jr., Rosa M. the East Coast on his vacation with telemetry procedures. -Mary Lane Stone. his family. Labs. Karen A. Crook, Joseph H. Station Manager Glenn Vinquist SOUTH BURY. Senior Electronics Deal, Dickson D. Fang, Hing-Loi A. spent a few days in the hospital in Technician Bruno Sadys recently Hung, Smith A. Rhodes. August, and following a brief recu- took a position with SBS as a Field Choke Cherry. Roger S. Miner perative period at home, returned to Engineer. We would like to welcome Houston . Robert L. Eichberg work in good health and spirit Ann Mattrella to our staff. Ann's Celebrating CosIsAT anniversary -Bob Kumasaka M.A. in the Romance languages will dates in October 1979 were: he a plus in her position as a MARISAT 15 Years Communications Operator. Hqtrs. Alexander Ycnyo PLAZA. COMSAT employees in El Danny C. Heath our bachelor of l0 Years Segundo contributed to a benefit the month recently joined our staff. Hqtrs . Allen E. Flower, Francis softball game held on the evening Danny has spent the last 12 years in M. Klisch. of June 4th to raise money to help the USAF. Labs. Granville L. Albright. Alfred Chris Barrett , husband of CovtsAT Memories of our summer vaca- J. Barnes, Norma N. Broughman, secretary, Kathy Barrett . Chris was tions are still vivid: Annabelle Lyle, James H. Buzzelli, Charles E. Dahl, shot while on duty with the El our most optimistic motorist during Hayes W. Huffer. Jr. Segundo Police Department. The the gas squeeze, traveled to Disney El Segundo. Joseph W. Ouellette bullet caused extensive injury to his World in Florida. Eileen Jacobsen 5 Years abdomen and he is now paralyzed spent some time in Washington, D.C.. Hqtrs. Michael L. Alpert, Carolyn from the waist down. "1 heir home including a visit to Headquarters. C. Billy, John F. Capossella, Lctha will have to be modified to accom- Richard Vasko did some sunning at W. Hays, Young L. Park, Violet M. modate Chris' wheelchair. We all Musquamuit Beach, R. 1. Larry Sepper, Brenda M. Williams, Kath- hope that Chris will make a good Cohen soaked up his rays on the erine K. Wise. recovery. beaches at Cape Cod. Dennis Labs. Betty D. Hall, Sheldon H. Nancy Cavallo of Marketing en- Bouchard visited relatives in Mich- Lchowitz, Wanda V. McKinley, tered a "Bowl for Muscular Dystro- igan. Jim Nelson toured the Hudson Phillip J. McNally, Larry C. Palmer, phy" contest on August 5 and do- Valley and the Connecticut shore. A Fredric .1. Ricger, James L. Simpson nated the pledges to the Muscular broken leg cancelled Gary Firtick's Southbury . Eileen O. Jacobsen Dystrophy Association. All of the annual New Hampshire vacation.

26 PATHWAYS November-December 1979 Volume 4 Number 6

CIRCULATION COPY

COMSAT GENERAL CORPORAT/ONRPORATJON .;'yW ,1MSAMr _ SATELLITE EL dit 1 s

Nos ember -December 1979 Volume 4 Number 6

PAT1-IR%A1 'S is published eserN other month by the Communications ('ONTF\TS Satellite Corporation 's Office of Public Affairs. COMSAT IS IN SAMOA I The editorial office of I'A I H- N% Al S is located in the COMISAT A brief look at the geography and history of it Building , 950 L' Enfant Plaza , S.V., 'tropical paradise' 2 S\ashington , D.C. 20024 . Phone: 202, 554-6120 6104. Water information service is COMSAT General goal 5

EDITOR Saipan in Northern Mariana Islands is next can- Stephen A. Saft didate for satellite service 7

John Peterson relinquishes glue pot, blue pencil 8 PHOTOGRAPIII

Michael K. Glasbs INTELSAT, COMSTAR results buoy per- Bill \iegna formance 8 STAFF C'ON I'RIB1_TORS ERT opens Washington office with McNeal as Anne Armentrout head 9 Edgar Bolen Nilliam L. Brobsl Allan alfund Wife of Senior Technician ' Outstanding Young James I. McKenna Woman' 9

Pl'B1.I(A7 'ION ADVISORS Last of the INTELSAT HIS is put into retirement orbit 9

COMSA I Joseph S . (' harvk Notes From Personnel 10 President and Chief Executise Officer Lucius 1). Battle Transponder built at Labs continues to function Senior Vice President . Corporate Affairs well Robert B . Schwartz % ice President of Public Affairs VISIT TO AFRICA Judith S . Elnicki 13 Director , Public Relations Daniel N. (ramplon Network Bits 16 Manager . Publications Anniversaries CO\ISA I (;ENE:RAI. IN Hale Montgomery Director , Business Promotion Cover. The look of 4merican Samoa noxw that COMS.-1 T is there. t4 nth the exception of one on page 2, all photographs ol'. t merican Samoa and the earth station at Ta/una in this issue are hr James T. :McKenna , M anager . Marketing Support .Services, Office of Public .4/Jairc.

A member of the International Association of Business Communicators,

© COMMML Nl( A I IONS SATE( I.ITF (ORPOR Al ION 1980 The old and the new in American Samoa : The special!)'-designated village maiden prepares the ceremonial Kava drink as elders on either side of her chant. The Kava ceremony opened the day's earth station dedication festivities.

COMSAT IS IN SAMOA

Bl' STEM' SALT Samoa. To translate: "Greetings T aloja Kovana. Talo/a ali'i Governor. Greetings Ladies and Gen- mah ia,na'ita 'i. Talo/a tlemen. Greetings to all Samoans." Santoa uma. Thus with these words the era of With these words in the Samoan modern electronic communication language, Dr. Joseph V. Charyk, was introduced to a lush outpost 4,500 President and Chief Executive Offi- ocean miles southwest of San Fran- Dr. Joseph V. Charyk, COMSAT' cer, opened his speech at the dedica- cisco and 2,000 ocean miles southwest President and Chief Executive Of- tion ceremony for the COMSAT earth of Hawaii a place truly meant to be ficer, left, and Irving Goldstein, Vice captured in that once overused phrase station at Tafuna on American President and General Manager, In- from travel books, magazine articles ternational Communications , right, ,Mr. Salt is Editor chat with Mulitauaopele Tamotu, of Path wal'.% member of the American Samoan (Con tinned on page 3 1 Senate. NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 1 Staff members of the new American Samoan earth station stand with Dr. Charyk in front of the station building. From left, Dr. Charyk, William J. WWR Surber, station manager, Feodor Gebauer, Otto Haleck , Terry Pullman, Wayne C'olpitts, and Michael Walker. Staff members missing from the Governor Peter Tali Coleman makes the photograph are Lotomau Mauga and Tala Taumua, part-time secretary. first ceremonial long distance phone call

PHOTO BY IRVING GOLOSTEIN to Leo Krulitz of the Interior Department.

A brief look at the geography

o locate the Samoan Islands, T draw a line on a map of the Pacific Ocean from Hawaii to New Zealand. Two thirds of the way down the line from Hawaii are the Samoan Islands, an island chain 290 miles long and consisting of nine main islands with an east-west orientation. 'The western portion of the chain is Western Samoa. an independent country which maintains an affilia- tion with New Zealand. The eastern portion of the chain, and the smaller of the two in terms of land mass and population, is American Samoa, a territory of the United States. What follows is a brief history of the Samoan Islands in general and American Samoa in particular, as published in a booklet entitled The village of Pago Pago (pronounced Pango Pango with the "a" sounding like "American Samoa" by the Office of the "a " in 'father ") and part of its harbor as .seen from Mount Alava. On the point Tourism of the Government of .Amer- of land in the lower left center of the photograph is the Rainmaker Hotel. Pago ican Samoa. Pago harbor is the largest protected harbor in the South Pacific. The exact date is unknown and will 2 PATHWAYS (Continued from page /) six road miles south of Pago Pago on and movies, "tropical paradise." the main island of Tutuila of a $1.4 Burdened by a high frequency million Standard B earth station with communication system in which six- 42-foot diameter antenna. hour delays, frequent interruptions Under the direction of William J. and poor communications quality Surber, formerly based at COMSAT have been the rule, not the exception, headquarters, the station has a total on long distance telephone conversa- of seven full-time employees. tions, American Samoans now find According to George Lawler, Assis- themselves able to make calls all over tant General Manager, International the world almost as easily as those of Communications, and a member of us on the mainland can. And with the delegation from headquarters that more American Samoans living in attended the dedication, the earth places like Hawaii and California station is operating with six telephone than in American Samoa itself pop- message circuits to the U.S. main- ulation 30,000 the ability to call land, five message telephone circuits long distance with the assurance the to Hawaii. one leased alternate voice call will get through when the caller data (AVD) circuit to New Zealand wants it to, could not he more im- plus one record circuit to the main- portant. land. Specifically, what makes this new The dedication ceremony, at which The new earth station at Tafuna, aspect of American Samoan life pos- American Samoa, as it appeared on sible is the presence in Tafuna about (Continued on next page) the day of the dedication ceremonies. and history of a `tropical paradise'

probably remain so forever. But rediscovered in 1761. lying islands. sometime around 600 years he/ore the Out of the way of heavy shipping It was in 1831, however, that the birth of Christ, Polvnesians had a!- traffic which traversed the Pacific in first real influence ,Iron, the outside ready established themselves on the the early 19th century, Samoa es- world sailed into Samou. .4 hotne- eastern tip of the island of Tutuila caped official European interest until built ship. the Messenger of Peace, near the present day village of Tula. the 1830.c. Then, suddenly, as if its arrived carrying John Williams of the Linguistic and cultural evidence sug- potential was realized overnight, London Missionary Society along gests that the first inhabitants came Samoa became enveloped in a final with eight Tahitian teachers. Wil- from the west, possibly b.y way of wave of colonial expansion. European liams left behind his Tahitian mis- Indonesia, the New Hebrides, and powers and the United States began sionaries as well as the first influenza Fiji helore they sailed eastward to to barter among themselves for the virus. The islanders took to Chris- Tonga and Samoa. last few pieces of colonial wealth and tianity with the greatest enthusiasm. Dutchman Jacob Roggeveen hap- power. The United States, though Paramount Chief Malietoa adopted pened upon the islands in 1772. officially opposed to colonization, was the new religion, and within forty Samoa's long isolation from the nevertheless looking for suitable years Samoans were sending mission- modern world ended at that moment, harbors in the area. Finall t', in /900, aries to Melanesia. though there had been constant con- .Samoa was annexed by two colonial While German-controlled Western tact with Fiji and Tonga for at least powers. The U.S. took Tutuila. spe- Samoa reeled under political power eight hundred years prior to Rogge- cific•al/v to use Pago Pago hay as a struggles and ensuing bitter and veen's arrival. Roggeveen, however, coaling .station, and the islands of bloody civil wars, American Samoa fixed the position of the island group Manua though Manu'a didn't offi- remained quiet. Once the wars had inaccurately and sailed away without cially become ceded until 1904 ended and Germany officiallY became landing. The S'antoas remained hid- while Germany annexed the rich the colonial mother-country on the den for forty years until they were islands of Savai'i, Upolu, and out- (Continued on next page) NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 3 (Continued from page 3) attending the ceremony in addition Kenna, Manager, Marketing Support Dr. Charyk was one of several speak- to Speaker Tuia were Governor Peter Services, Office of Public Affairs, ers, was only part of the day-long Tali Coleman, President of the Sen- as well as George Lawler.) festivities, Saturday, October 27, that ate Galea'i I'. Pomele, and Aleki About 1,500 people attended the centered around the new earth sta- Sene, American Samoa Director of dedication ceremony itself, which tion. Beginning at 9:00 a.m., Dr. Communications. started at 10:30 a.m. and which took Charyk and other members of the Representing the Department of place on the earth station grounds. COMSAT delegation gathered at an the Interior, which is charged with Representatives of communication open ceremonial building, known as a the responsibility of administering companies in Japan, Fiji, Western fale, of the American Samoan Speak- American Samoa, was Dr. Gordon Samoa, and Tonga as well as from er of the House Tuan'itau F. Tuia for Law, Assistant and Science Adviser Hawaii and the U.S. mainland at- a traditional Kava Ceremony. The to the Secretary of the Interior. Other tended, and here souvenirs such as Kava Ceremony begins with the members Of COMSAT in addition to frisbees, balloons, raincoats and making of a special drink, whose in- Dr. Charyk taking part in the cere- "COMSAT Is In Samoa" buttons were gredients include a coconut extract mony were Irving Goldstein, Vice distributed. The Arts Council Choir and taro, a native starchy vegetable, President and General Manager, In- and Leone High School band per- mixed together by a specially-desig- ternational Communications, and formed, and then, introduced by nated village maiden. Sitting cross- Donald E. Greer, Assistant Vice High Talking Chief Paopaoailua legged on the floor of the Jale, the President, General Services. (The Meko, master of ceremonies, the participants make appropriate toasts delegation from COMSAT head- speakers for the occasion came each and drink from hand-carved wooden quarters also included Robert N. in turn to the podium. (In American Kava bowls. Yamazaki, Assistant Director, Cus- Samoa, the title of High Talking Some of the American Samoans tomer Relations, and Janes T. Mc- (Continued on page 19)

(Continued from page 3) acquired a new strategic importance. In 1945, the Marines left as sud- western side, they very quickly im- In 1940, the port of Pago Pago and denly as they had arrived, and once posed a no-nonsense order. But in the Samoan Islands became an ad- again Samoa returned to the quiet, Tutuila, that was not the case. Since vanced training and staging area for peaceful place it had been before the the Americans had no official coloni- the United States Marine Corps war. al machinery. President McKinley de- prior to the major advance against With the end of World War 11 clared the islands the responsibility of Japan during World War II. For four came a major administrative change the Department of the Navy. Com- years, much of the quiet, undisturbed in the territory. In 1951, President mander B. F. Tilley formally ac- lives of the Samoan people was inter- Truman declared that the Depart- cepted the Deed of Cession from all rupted by the presence of .such a ment of the Interior was to replace the principal chiefs except Tuimanu'a, large force of American military. It the Navy as the agency responsible who refused. Tuimanu'a, one of the was during the war years, however, for the administration of American most powerful chiefs in Samoa, re- that Samoa got its first taste of the Samoa. Initially, however, there were sided on the island of Ta'u. He finally American war of life. Roads, air- Jew changes other than the appoint- did sign five years later, but only so strips, docks, and modern medical ment of the Territorv'.s first civilian that his people might obtain the facilities were built. Samoans en- governor, and a period of relative privileges of Eastern Samoa's new listed in the Marine Corps. estab- quiet and slow development followed association with the United States. lishing a home-guard unit which for almost ten years. Before he died, Tuimanu'a willed that instilled an immense amount of pride The scene changed almost over- his title die with him. To this day, the in the island people. It was these night in 1961. President John F. title has not been revived. early enlistments and keen interest in Kennedy sent a new governor. H. With the Japanese empire flexing the Marine Corps during the war that Rex Lee, to American Samoa with a its muscles in the Pacific during the eventuull v led to a major outmigra- directive: get it moving. Get it moving latter half of the 1930.s, the quiet tion by the American Samoans to the he did, and American Samoa quickly Naval station at Tutuila suddenly United States. emerged into the 20th century. 4 PATHWAYS .A protective shelter for water-hei,Qht recording equipment by the Meduxnekeag River near Houlton, Maine. Gus S. Souris, Jr.. of COMSAT General checks shelter position with a compass. PHOTOS BY ELI WACHSBERG

Water information service is COMSAT General goal

In 1977 and 1978, COMSAT Gen- formation service involving 75 remote with almost 600 cooperating federal, eral in a six-month program demon- sites. state and local agencies gathers water strated the feasibility of gathering The 75-site effort is being imple- resources information from approxi- water resources data from 11 remote mented for the U.S. Geological Sur- mately 9,000 sites throughout the sites using data collection platforms vey (USGS) of the Department of the country. Instruments located in pro- (D(-Ps) and a communications satel- Interior, for whom the earlier six- tective dwellings beside streams make lite as the transmission medium. month evaluation program was per- continuous recordings of the water Now, in a new 18-month $2.2 mil- formed. Under the contract to height of the streams. Periodically, lion program, COMSAT General USGS, COMSAT General will install an employee of USGS or of one of engineers working in conjunction and maintain water stage sensors the cooperators visits the site, col- with Environmental Research and and the small self-powered data lects the information as recorded on Technology (ERT) staff will put to- collection platforms. gether a satellite-based hydrologic in- Presently, USGS in conjunction I('ontintied on next page) NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 5 (Continued from page 5) the instruments and then mails in a report to USGS. It is as a result of such a process as this that USGS is able to provide the information necessary for the annual assessment of the nation's water resources. By transmitting the information gathered at the 75 sites automatically via satellite to a central data collection point, Co`IsAT General in conjunction with ERT will be able to establish a near real-time hydrologic information service. DCPs set up at the remote sites will periodically query the stream sensors, then col- lect, arrange and transmit the resulting data via commercial com- No, these three aren 't lost and trying desperately to /figure out where they are. munications satellite to an earth taking position inlormation on a shelter along the Mad River in Vermont. station in New Jersey for retransmis- sion to ERT headquarters in Con- cord, Massachusetts. ERT will then put the data into an informational Hampshire and Maine ). 20 in Penn- f'orniat useful to USGS and transmit sylvania and 20 in Colorado, and it to USGS headquarters in Reston, 15 in Arizona. The whole system is Virginia. to be in place and operating by the The 75 DCPs will be powered by last half of 1980. batteries which will be charged by One of the benefits of the system solar cells. Their transmissions will be is that it will aid in the forecasting of from 4-foot diameter dishes. Of the floods. 75 sites, 20 are in New England (Massachusetts, Vermont, New (Continued on next page)

/his shelter on the Penohscot River in West bi /field, Maine . has the appearance o/a lighthouse.

One of the most remote slater-height sensing shelters in :Vew England is at ,Vine Mile Bridge on the St. John River in the Al/agash Wilderness of Maine. 6 PATHWAYS After the initial 18-month period, USGS will have the option to extend the service with COS1s.A r General for up to 18 additional months. T [H 4 tyfz^A COMSAT General and ERT staf'f' members are presently investigating the feasibility of including the gathering of rainfall, water quality and Saipan in Northern Mariana Islands solar intensity information at the 75 sites as well as water height data. is next candidate for satellite service In a press release that it issued The Northern Mariana Islands in Saipan," said Joseph V. Charyk, on the granting of the contract to the western Pacific Ocean will soon President and Chief Executive Of- COMSAT General. the USGS pointed be in touch with the world via satel- ficer of COMSAT. to the future that might lie ahead lite as a result of an agreement signed "The introduction of full-time for the system in this way: "Fol- recently by CoMsAr and the Microne- satellite communications services lowing the pilot program, an analy- sian Telecommunications Corpora- should answer the Northern Mari- tical study will be made to deter- tion, a subsidiary of Kentron Inter- anas' need for improved communica- mine the feasibility of eventually national Inc. tions," said Lincoln Brown, Kentron integrating virtually all of the Sur- The agreement calls for COMSAT to President and Acting President of vey's 9,000 continuous monitoring build and to own and operate an MTC. hydrologic data collection stations earth station on Saipan to bring a An overseas phone call from the into a satellite data retrieval sys- wide range of satellite communica- Northern Marianas, for example, will tem." tions services to the Northern Mari- he relayed by the MTC ground net- During the six-month evaluation anas, located about 1.700 miles east work from a home or office to CoM- program back in 1977 and 1978, the of the Philippines. SAT's Saipan earth station. From DCPs transmitted their data via COMSAT will provide its coninmuni- there it will he automatically routed the Anik satellite, operated by Tele- cations services to MTC, the autho- via the Pacific satellite to a receiving sat of Canada. For this project, rized international communications earth station anywhere in the entire RCA's SATCOM ii domestic com- carrier serving the Northern Mari- Pacific region, including Hawaii, munications satellite will be used. anas. Japan or the U.S. mainland. At the present time, a team made As soon as possible CostsAT will MTC is a corporation located in up of members of the USGS, Cost- file an application with the Federal Saipan whose majority stockholder is SAT General and ERT is surveying Communications Commission for ap- Kentron International Inc., based in sites to determine their feasibility proval to proceed with earth station Dallas, Texas. for DCP installations. In New Eng- construction. The Saipan earth sta- In addition to its earth station in land, for example, the USGS pre- tion with a large dish-shaped antenna American Samoa, COMSAT has an selected 36 sites as possible candi- would be similar to the COMSAT interest in an earth station in Guam dates for the installations. It is up owned and operated earth station near Saipan. to the team to narrow down the recently put into service near Pago number to 20. Pago in American Samoa. In making the selection, the team The new earth station will operate IMMARSAT ownership has three considerations: with an INTELSAT satellite over the shares are made known • ability to establish a line of Pacific Ocean to provide the North- sight with the satellite, ern Marianas with modern, high COMSAT has a 23.5 percent owner- • frequency coordination prob- quality telephone, telex, data and ship interest in INbt.ARSAT, the Inter- lems. television services. The station will national Maritime Satellite Organiza- • case of implementation. begin communications with Hawaii tion, as a result of action by the Some of the sites are not just re- and the U.S. mainland, with direct INMARSAT Council, which concluded mote. They are very remote - for ex- service to other Pacific points to fol- its second session on November 6 ample. 80 miles from the nearest low. in London. town as in the case of one site in The Northern Mariana Islands will COMSAT is the sole U.S. represen- Maine and team members have had become a United States Common- tative in INMARSAT. INM.ARSAT is eX- a variety of interesting experiences wealth in 1981. pected to begin providing maritime trying to reach them. The photo- "We welcome the opportunity to satellite communications service in graphs that accompany the article bring improved communications to the early 1980s in a transition from provide a good idea of what the the Northern Marianas through the the present MARISAT system, devel- sites are like. construction of this earth station in (Continued on nexa page) NOVEMBER -DECEMBER 1979 7 Republic of Germany as members of the Council. The two countries INTELSAT, COMSTAR joined INMARSAT in mid-October. results buoy performance admitted Algeria, Argentina, Bul- garia and China as members of the COSISAT has reported consolidated Council elected by the INMARSAT third quarter Net Income of INMARSAT Assembly. $10,139,000 or $1.27 per share, an (Continued from page 7) -accepted COMSAT's offer to host increase of 13 percent from oped and managed by COMSAT GFN- the Council's fourth session in $8,959,000 or $1.12 per share for FRAI. Corporation, CosiSAT's wholly Washington, May 7 through 14, the third quarter of 1978. The in- owned subsidiary. 1980. The next session, the third, crease is attributable primarily to Once the INMARSA F system be- will he held in London, February 6 greater earnings from INTFI.sA I sys- comes operational. the investment through 13, 1980. tem services and INTFLSAT-related ser- shares of all members will be ad- -set January 9 to 16 in London for vices, and from CosisrAR system ser- justed periodically to reflect each the next meeting of the Council's vices after a third CONSTAR satellite country's use of the global system. Advisory Committee on Financial was placed in service in September Twenty-nine countries now be- and Marketing Matters, and Janu- 1978. long to INMARSAT and 26 of these are ary 17 to 25 in London for its Although Net Operating Income represented on the Council. The Advisor% Committee on Technical for the third quarter of 1979 exceeded Council, the governing body of IN- and Operational Matters. that for the second quarter of 1979, M.ARSAI, first met in July after IN- third quarter Net Income decreased M.ARSAT officially came into being. John Peterson relinquishes by $467,000 or 5 cents per share During the second session, held from glue pot , blue pencil from the second quarter. The 4 per- October 30 to November 6, the Coun- cent decrease is attributable primarily cil, in addition to the decision on John J. Peterson, editor of this to an increase in the Corporation's investment shares, took the following magazine for six years, has passed share of losses relating to Satellite other actions: his blue pencil and his glue pot sym- Business Systems, which is described -elected Olof Lundberg of Sweden bols of the editor's trade--to Stephen below, and to a decrease in income as Director General, the executive A. Saft, another member of the Of- from temporary cash investments. head of the entire INMARSAT or- fice of Public Affairs. A quarterly dividend of 57.5 cents ganization. Pete, as he is known to most of the per share, payable on December 10, -concerning the space segment, de- people who work with him, first 1979 to shareholders of record on cided to discuss with the MARISAT joined the Corporation in September November 9, 1979, was declared by Consortium C OMSAT GFNFRAI, 1969. In January 1980, having com- the COMSAT Board of Directors at RCA Glohcom, Western Union In- pleted over ten years of service, he its recent monthly meeting. ternational and ITT Worldcom retires. Operating Revenues for the third appropriate transitional arrange- During Pete's tenure with the quarter of 1979 totaled $69,471,000, ments from the MARISAT system to magazine he oversaw its transforma- an increase of $16,346,000 or 31 per- the INMARSAT system, and to seek a tion from COMSAT NEWS into cent from the third quarter of 1978 lease proposal from the MARISAT SATELLITE PATHWAYS or just and $5,765,000 or nine percent from Consortium for MARISAT satellites. PATHWAYS, as it is most often the second quarter of 1979. Discussions will he held with IN- called. Operating Expenses for the third TFLSAT and the European Space Prior to joining the Corporation. quarter, including income taxes, Agency concerning their space Pete spent several years with the totaled $60,062,000, up $14,625,000 segment offers. The INMARSAT National Aeronautics and Space or 32 percent from the third quarter Technical Advisory Committee Administration, first as Chief of the of 1978, and $5,535,000 or 10 per- will develop technical and opera- News Bureau, then as Special As- cent from the second quarter of 1979. tional requirements of the 1NMARSAT sistant to the Chief of Astronauts at Net Operating Income for the third system which could be used in a the Manned Space Flight Center in quarter totaled $9,409,000, up possible Request for Proposals for Houston, Texas. His last job, just $1,721,000 from the third quarter a satellite capacity. before joining COMSAT, was as Ex- year ago and up $230,000 from the elected Luis Perrone of Brazil as ecutive Director of Big Brothers of second quarter of 1979. Council vice chairman. A.R.K. Al- the National Capital Area. Other Income for the third quarter Ghunaim of Kuwait assumed the Pete says he will keep active during of 1979 totaled $730,000, a decrease chairmanship after being elected his retirement years by pounding of $541,000 from the same quarter at the first session. typewriter keys in other words, free- a year ago. Reflected in Other In- -admitted France and the Federal lance writing. come is the Corporation', ,hare of' 8 PATHWAYS losses of and amortization of cer- the Chemical Physics Department of tain costs relating to Satellite Busi- the Laboratory Operations. Dr. Mc- ness Systems, which reduced Net In- Neal received a Ph.D. in chemistry come for the third quarter of 1979 by from Columbia University and $1,409,000; the reduction attribut- served as an NSF post-doctoral re- able to SBS for the third quarter a search fellow at Harvard University. tween ages 21 and 36. year ago was $872,000. SBS, which He is the author of numerous pub- In addition to her professional is in a preoperational phase, is the lications in chemical physics and en- achievement, Mrs. Iwamoto is active partnership formed by Aetna Life & vironnmental science, is a fellow of in community affairs. She is a mem- Casualty, IBM and COMSAT GENERAL the American Physical Society, and ber of the board of the Kailua Chris- Corporation, COMSAT'S wholly is a member of the American Geo- tian School, and a group leader and owned subsidiary, to establish a physical Union. coordinator for the Missionettcs Girls domestic communications satellite Club. She has served as secretary for system. the National Association of Social Workers and is a volunteer with the Hawaii Heart Association. ERT opens Washington Mrs. Iwamoto is a graduate of the office with McNeal as head University of Hawaii with a Master's Degree in Social Work. The Iwamoto ERT has opened an office in family resides in Kailua, Oahu. Washington, D.C., from which Dr. Robert J. McNeal will manage the Last of the INTELSAT Ills company Policy Analysis Division. is put into retirement orbit This division provides ERT clients with regulatory updates, conducts In mid December, after more technical analyses of the effects of than ten years of operation, F-3, environmental regulations on client the last of the INTELSAT ttt series operations, and evaluates the costs of satellites maintained in orbit, and benefits of environmental reg- will be retired. ulations. To put F-3 into retirement, two The location of the new office at altitude-raising maneuvers, about 1919 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., twelve hours apart, will move the Juanita I xanwlo convenient to the federal government satellite into near-circular orbit and its agencies, assures clients that Wife of Senior Technician about four to five thousand kilo- ERT can provide timely services re- `outstanding young woman' meters above synchronous orbit, lating to environmental policy issues, with a resulting westward drift according to an ERT press release. Juanita Ann Iwamoto. wife of rate of 60° to 70° per revolution. Dr. McNeal comes to ERT with an Tamotsu Iwamoto, Sr. Technician at At the above-synchronous altitude extensive background in science and the Paumalu TTC&M station, has of the retirement orbit, the decay in technical management. He was been named Hawaii's Outstanding rate is estimated to be one meter formerly the first Program Director Young Woman of 1979. She is now per year. Four to five million years for Atmospheric Chemistry at the being considered for one of 10 Out- would thus have to pass before the National Science Foundation, where standing Young Women of America satellite returns to synchronous he was involved in identifying, plan- awards. altitude. ning, and monitoring significant re- Mrs. Iwamoto, mother of two chil- The major consideration in rais- search projects in atmospheric chem- dren, is Hawaii State Department of ing F-3 above synchronous orbit istry, and where he was closely in- Health's Program Coordinator of is that the remaining on-board volved in coordinating the NSF's services for mentally disabled chil- propellant is not sufficient to atmospheric chemistry program on dren. cause re-entry and destruction in several critical environmental issues She was nominated by a state leg- the atmosphere. While the possi- with other federal agencies. Previ- islator for selection as the 50th State's bility is remote, it is conceivable ously, he was involved in research outstanding young woman for her that at a lower altitude, a retired and development in atmospheric civic and professional achievement. satellite such as F-3 could collide science at the Aerospace Corporation, The program to recognize Hawaii's or interfere with newly launched where he served in increasingly re- outstanding young women is spon- spacecraft in transfer orbit. sponsible technical and management sored by leaders of various women's F-3 was launched February 6, positions, most recently as head of organizations and honors women be- (Continued on page /8) NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 9 you are being paid for performing the work that may lead to a patent, and may use Corporate facilities in that work, COMSAT assumes ownership of N KSo EL the invention. I'll say more about vW From V NN patents later. The second part of the agreement deals with corporate proprietary information. You have agreed not to On maternity benefits, patents and divulge any information you have obtained regarding the Corporation's other matters of vital concern ... business that is not public knowledge. Upon termination of your employ-

BY HOLLY PRYATEI month. If your doctor determines ment, you may not take with you any y now everyone should know that that your or your baby's health is in drawings, documents, or reproduc- Bmaternity expenses are handled jeopardy if you continue to work, tions of corporate proprietary, confi- like any disability under our insur- advise Ms. Smith, who will explain dential, or secret information that ance plan. This covers the mother, the leave procedure under these cir- had been in your custody as an em- but what about the baby? cumstances. Any unauthorized dis- ployee. Of course, there may be ex- Our insurance does not cover a ability leave that begins prior to the ceptions given to these obligations new-horn while it is in the hospital eighth month of pregnancy must be when the written consent of an autho- unless it is ill. This means that you discussed with Ms. Smith as you may rized official of the Corporation is must handle all well baby hospital ex- risk losing your insurance coverage. obtained. This section deals not only penses such as nursery care and the Ms. Smith can be reached at 554- with technical developments, but also new-born exam. A sick baby's ex- 6353. with information regarding finances, penses are covered immediately. If you are unable to return to work customers, or fellow employees. You it' you have dependent medical six weeks after the baby is born, con- have a responsibility not to disclose coverage already. once the baby is tact both your supervisor and Ms. this information in any way beyond home it is automatically covered Smith in Personnel before that six- what is required by your COMSAT when an illness occurs. If you do not week anniversary date. If you are duties. presently have dependent medical planning on quitting work altogether, To return to the subject of patents, coverage, see Personnel before the insurance coverage stops at the end COMSAT realizes the value of all pat- baby is horn to fill out an Insurance of those six weeks, which will also he entable inventions, whether or not Coverage and Benefits Summary your termination date. they are directly related to satellite form. The cost for dependent in- communications. Patents can estab- Disability leave due to pregnancy surance is seven dollars per pay pe- lish an exclusive right, enforceable is charged to sick leave. If you don't riod. The deduction will start after by law, to new ideas or technology have any more sick leave, or when it the baby is born. which prevents the unauthorized use, runs out, the leave is charged as I f you want to add the baby as a manufacture, or sale of related in- either vacation or leave without pay. beneficiary to your other benefits, ventions. This can generate income such as ESOP or life insurance, see One of the many forms that all of for the company through royalties Stephanie Smith or Glenda Cooper in us signed on our first day of work received by licensing patent rights to Personnel at the Plaza, or your local with COMSAT is the Employment Ap- others, or COMSAT can bargain with Personnel representative at other lo- plication. On the hack of this form is other patentees for the right to use cations. a two-part employment agreement their protected technology. For women employees with normal that deals with rights in inventions Because patents are valued by the pregnancies, disability (sick) leave and patents, and with protection of company, an Inventions Incentive may start at the beginning of the corporate proprietary information. Program was established to encour- eighth month and end six weeks after To refresh your memory as to what age development and disclosure of the baby's birth. If you sign a medical you agreed to, the first part states ideas to COMSAT, and to reward release, and management concurs, that you will grant to the Corporation employees for those ideas which are you may work during the eighth ownership rights in any discoveries, patentable inventions. A cash award inventions, and improvements made of $100 is made to an inventor when his. Prvatel is an Employee Relations during your employment which relate a patent is applied for, and another Specialist in the Personnel Office. to the company's business or result $100 is made if and when the patent from tasks assigned to you. Because t Continued on page 12 10 PATHWAYS Transponder built at Labs continues to function well

BY' CHRIS MAIILF tem design parameters for comn)uni- .ANI) ALLAN GALFVND cations satellite systems operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. The As part of the NASA ATS-6/ experiment had 39 ground terminals COMSAT Millimeter Wave Propaga- transmitting at 13.2 or 17.8 GHz to tion Experiment , a 13-18/4 GHz the transponder on hoard the ATS-6 transponder was designed , fabricated, satellite. The satellite retransmit- and tested at COMSAT Labs during ted these signals at 4 GHz to a cen- 1971 and 1972 . ATS-6 was launched tral earth terminal which recorded in May 1974. Recent in-orbit tests their amplitudes once each second. of the transponder were performed Several novel features were in- and the transponders functioned corporated into the transponder de- flawlessly. sign, including six MIC 3-stage tun- The ATS-6/ ConlsA r Millimeter nel diode amplifiers (total of eighteen Propagation Experiment was de- stages), which provided the major signed to gather statistical data on (Continued on next page? the attenuation caused by rain at millimeter wave frequencies. These data are required to determine sys- Below. the transponder used on the ATS-6 satellite. Right, the M/C tunnel diode amplifier.

NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 11 t Continued Iron, page I I I rate policy forbids the purchase by employees of company stock for speculation. Purchase of shares of portion of the repeater gain. Image- stock for investment purposes is ac- terminated frequency translation ti &t From VR5oMNEL ceptable. mixers incorporating dual-mode fil- Employees or members of their ters to minimize weight and site immediate families must not buy were also employed. COMSAT stock on the margin and Following the launch of ATS-6 (Continued Irom page 10) must not sell any shares within less in May 1974. the transponder was than six months from the date they operated continuously for two years were acquired. Immediate family in- and subsequently activated for l- is issued. If there is more than one cludes spouse and minor children of and 2-day periods every few months. inventor, they will share equally in a an employee, and any other person Telemetry data obtained during $200 filing award and a $200 is- related to the employee directly or these periods demonstrated that the suance award. As of June 1979. 402 through marriage whose financial transponder continued operating patent awards totalling $565,000 affairs are substantially guided by normally. NASA provided an op- have been issued on 260 inventions. the employee or are significantly sub- portunity to perform final testing of A Patent Committee determines if ject to the employee's advice and the transponder before the space- an idea is a patentable invention that recommendations. craft was deactivated in July 1979. merits the filing of a patent applica- This does not mean that you or The Rosman, North Carolina tion. The Patent Committee consists your family can never sell your shares NASA earth station was utilized dur- of employees knowledgeable in the of COMSAT stock. It does mean that ing the test; COMSAT Labs provided legal. technical, and financial fields. you should hold the stock at least the up-link signal source, transmitter, ^If you believe you have an inven- six months, even if it was purchased and antenna mounted on a trailer. A tion that may be patentable, have before you began employment with frequency synthesizer was used as a your records witnessed and dated by the Corporation. It there were to be signal source, and a 1.83-m dish with fellow employees who can understand an unanticipated and material change exchangeable feeds was used for the the idea. 'T'hen prepare an invention of circumstances in your financial af- up-link. The downlink used was a disclosure form CSC 392, "Inven- fairs that would cause a need to sell 25.9-m dish provided by NASA in tion Disclosure Data," and send it your stock before six months have conjunction with receive, calibration, through your management to the Pa- elapsed, notify the President and and signal analysis. tent Staff in the Office of' General Chief Executive Officer by filing in The measured data indicated that Counsel on seventh floor at the Plaza. duplicate with the Corporate Secre- the transponder remains fully func- Avoid any external disclosure, use, tary a statement setting forth all pur- tional. Transponder gain may have or publication before submission of a chases of shares of stock of the Cor- decreased 2 to 3 dB compared to disclosure to the Patent Staff and poration made by you and/or prelaunch. Measurements were consult with the Patent Staff for members of your immediate family limited by inclement weather and clearance. during the preceding six month pe- the lack of' detailed calibration at cause your knowledge of the riod, the number of shares proposed Rosman. A similar trend is also ap- BCorporation 's business could give to be disposed of, and the nature of parent from the power monitoring you an advantage in the buying and and the reasons for the proposed dis- telemetry gathered during periodic selling of COMSAT stock, corpo- position. turn-on which shows about I dB of power output degradation from 1976 to 1979. And don't forget ... The equipment developed in 1971 at CONiSAT Laboratories has survived Some year-end reminders: send the orbital environment for five medical and dental claims and bills years without serious degradation. for 1979 to Lincoln Insurance as soon This represent, the first N 11C ampli- as possible (make sure to include the fier at 4 GI-Iz to he successfully flown. CoMSAr policy number G-19502); send Fall semester grades to the Human Resources Department to he processed for education reimbursement; get expense vouchers in; we return to our regular I0-day, holiday schedule in 1980. 12 PATHWAYS The presence ola+ elephant at Serena Lodge was not e ract/i welcome.

Wild elephant at the lodge and other interesting adventures on a V I S I T TO AFRICA

This past October, Vasil t unoglu Bt' V.ASIL. UZUNoGLU the Intercontinental Hotel . We paid of ('O41S.-11' Laboratories in Clarks- We left New York on Thursday. 100 shillings for the ride ($ I equals burg. Maryland, had an opportunit v October 18, at 8:30 p.m. on a Boeing 7.25 Kenyan shillings ), which lasted to travel with a friend to Kenya. 747. First stop was Dakar, Senegal, a less than half an hour. Next morning While in that country, Mr. Uatnoglu, trip that took us six hours and 40 we woke up at 7: 30 and after a nice a COMSA T employee for over six minutes. Second stop was Monrovia, breakfast for 30 shillings we joined years, went on several photographic Liberia, third stop Abadjan, Ivory the crowd outside to celebrate Ken- expeditious or safaris. The article that Coast, and fourth stop Lagos, Ni- yata Day. follows is his account o/ the trip. geria. We arrived at Nairobi, Kenya, Kcnyata was the first president of We invite other members of the at 2:00 a.m. Saturday morning. The the republic. He died a year ago. We COMSAT family to /eel free to send trip was a long one, lasting 23 hours. saw the new president of Kenya in us directly or through your designated In less than half an hour we were the parade, various military units. PATHWAYS Field Correspondent cleared through customs and took a students from high schools, nurses. accounts of interesting trips or other taxi to our hotel in the center of the and natives in their national uni- unusual rxpericncc.c. THE. EDITOR city. It was 3:00 when we arrived at (Continued on nest page) NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 13 (Continued trom page 131 forms. It was a very pleasant and enjoyable day. Our first impression of the city was very favorable. Nairobi is a clean, modern and beautiful city. After taking pictures and walking through the city and buying a few souvenirs, we started feeling the effects of our long journey. That night we had a nice dinner at the hotel for 60 shillings and were offered a wide selection of fruits and French pastry. Our room service was excellent, and we had an ample supply of fresh fruit in our room all the time. Next day we arranged a tour to the Nairobi National Park for 85 shillings per person. The park was The skn ine of downtow n Nairobi is impressive and leads one to the conclusion that this is only 10 km away from the city. The one of the most modern cities on the ..1 /rican Continent. tour lasted around four hours, and it was worth it by all means. We had the first glimpse of wild life. We saw giraffes, zebras, monkeys, ostriches, Clouds of dust filled the air behind hide-outs of the animals. He has been wildebeests and, finally, two female the vehicle. in this business for over 10 years. lions. The lions just had a fresh kill In Norak, we stopped for about 15 That afternoon, we drove for about and were waiting for us to leave the minutes to buy gasoline. There were a three hours watching the elephants area so that they could complete their few shops in shacks scattered around strolling around in herds, a dozen meal. the village, a well-built school and hippopotamuses lying along the creek, it is interesting to note that only post office, a bookstore, and a hotel. several rhinoceroses running around, female lions kill and the males help We were warned not to take any and giraffes curiously watching our themselves. Also, we noted that the pictures. While there, a native woman minibus. Zebras, wildebeests, grand lions had already eaten the cars and with rings in her nose and ears and gazelles and water buffalos were all the eyes of the kill. We learned that carrying a spear and an arrow ap- over the place. Our desire to see lions, this is how they start their meals. proached our minibus and asked in leopards and cheetahs was not ful- Next they eat the hips, and the rest of English for 350 shillings to allow us filled. the body is left to the birds and to take her picture. The price seemed We took many pictures, mostly at hyenas. too high, and we did not take advan- distances of 15 to 30 feet. That night, That night we arranged a picture- tage of her offer. we had a wonderful dinner, one of the taking safari to the Masai Mara area, Heading toward our destination, best I remember, among the roaring approximately 300 km southwest of we saw some beautiful houses outside of lions, crying of water buffalos, and Nairobi. We were told by various Norak which we were told belonged coarse sounds of elephants. Tea was groups who visited different areas to the schools of the missionaries. At served after dinner. Right after din- that at this time of year the Masai- 1:30 p.m., we arrived at Serena ner we had a most unusual experi- Mara area contains most of the wild Lodge, a beautiful motel in the mid- ence. life, whose pattern is to migrate to dle of the jungle, which was going to An elephant walked by the front of Tanzania, south of Kenya. be our home for the next two nights. our lodge while eating all the flowers Next morning we took off at 8:00 The lodge, consisting of a main build- and branches of the newly-planted a.m. heading towards Masai-Mara ing with a beautiful restaurant and 25 trees. As the main building of the country on a minibus with five pas- cabin-like buildings, was surrounded lodge was separated by 50-100 feet sengers. Our first stop was Norak, a by lions, elephants, and water buf- from the rest of the cabins, we had to small primitive village about 100 km falos. After a marvelous lunch includ- remain in the main building until the south of Nairobi. As far as Norak, ing Ouzo (a Greek drink), we left at elephant decided to leave. The next the road was paved and was in very 3:00 p.m. for the safari. day, right after lunch, we had the good shape. After Norak, we drove Our driver, David, was a very same visitor, and I took some very on a dirt road for about three hours. energetic ranger, who knew well the beautiful pictures from as close as 10 14 PATHWAYS dozen pictures. I have to admit that I have not seen a more beautiful animal in my life. I could have watched him for hours. Pleased with the results of our trip, we headed toward Nairobi on Wednesday around 10:00 a.m. The total safari trip, including lodge and meals cost us $205 per person, but was worth much more. Another animal which impressed us was the giraffe. Whenever they saw our minibus, they stopped and, in many instances, approached our minibus, thus making it easy for us to take pictures. The giraffe is very majestic and peaceful. Wednesday, late afternoon, we completed our souvenir shopping and Vasil C'zunoglu is second front the left. Third from the lcjt is David, a Kenyan ranger who were ready to leave Nairobi on Thurs- led the group on its photographic safaris through Masai-Mara country. day. Bargaining is a way of life in almost every store. Reducing the original listed price by 50-60 percent is considered a fair deal. There are feet. We discussed with the manager them. To avoid any such temptation, beautiful wood carvings of lions, ele- why the elephant was not hindered the doors of the minibus are locked phants, zebras and giraffes, which from coming so close to us. We were and opened only by the driver. sell between $2-$40 depending on told that the manager and his assis- Satisfied with the results of the the size and type of wood. They are tants did not intend to harm the day, we had another delightful din- very decorative items. Shopping in elephant by any means. If they did, ner. Next day, Wednesday, we set the hotel proved to be as economical they may have a serious consequence, out for another safari. This time we as anywhere else in town. Interested as elephants have very good memo- were determined to discover leopards in their native language, I tried to ries and may harm them at an un- and cheetahs. We were lucky to see find out its roots during my short stay expected time. One night the elephant one leopard who ran away much in Kenya. To my surprise, I found out walked by where other visitors were faster than our minibus, and we were that many words are derived from having a picnic and ate all the food not able to take any pictures. Later, Arabic and some from Greek. When on the tables. Even big fires outside we discovered a cheetah under an I read the signs at the airport "Ma- the lodge did not prevent his visit. isolated tree waiting for prey. We halli pa Mawarecki" and "Magari," Once, he was taken 50 miles away, drove as close as 25 feet and took a I knew what they meant. "Mahalli" but he returned after a few days, we in Arabic means "space, area," were told. Giraffe was photographed in Nairobi "Mawarecki" means car, and "Mag- \'arional Parl,. Next day, Tuesday, we set out for ari" means "cave" or "tunnel." I another safari. After enjoying the discovered also the meaning of "pa" view of more wild life and taking which related to a word in Greek more pictures, we were determined which means "where." By the way, to search for lions, leopards, and the official language in Kenya is cheetahs. After an intensive search English. for three hours, we finally discovered We left Nairobi on October 25, four lions three females and one and after 26 hours of air travel, we young male resting under trees near arrived in New York at 9:00 Friday a creek. We approached them to a morning, on October 26. We will al- distance of almost 20 feet and ways remember the beautiful scenery watched them for almost five minutes, of the jungle, the majestic look of taking a dozen photographs. animals and, last but not least, the Inspired by the beauty of the lions, wonderful reception we had everyone is tempted to open the door of the where we went. minibus and approach them and pet NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 15 Service Commission; Larry Wood into a house and "cleans it out." and Joanne Witas are on the Board Steve also just finished a successful of Directors for Northern Oxford run in Cole Porter's musical Kiss Me Network Bits Vocational Area, Art Haseltine and Kate in Hagerstown in which he sang Field Correspondents Larry Wood are on the Board of the show-stopper tune "Too Darn Andover Directors for School Administration Hot." ,/Dame Witas District #43; Don Verrill is a Select- Marge Moser retired as Word Brewster nman for the Town of Minot: Neil Processing Specialist on December Dororh v Buckingham Merrill is Chairperson of the Bethel Ist. Debbie Widerman is being pro- Etam moted to her position . Cindy Miller, a Bet Conner Municipal Facilities Committee: Sven former Labs employee, is filling in J amesburg Engblom is the instructor for the C. B. Marshall Basic Electricity course offered by until a new operator is hired. Bye Labs NOVA for adult education; Shaun Marge, Congratulations Debbie, and Norma Brouglnnan Arness is on the Volunteer Fire Dept. Hi Cindy! Joan Prince for Rumford Point. Francis X. Coffey recently accom- Blaine Shat_er Not to be outdone is the Costs.kT panied his daughter to Mt. Kiliman- MCE Rockville and AT&T Wives' Club. This group of jaro, Tanzania, in Africa for a two- Shari Proper:io enthusiastic volunteers once again week, all-expense-paid trip she won, M & S Center took part in the annual Rumford in a contest sponsored by Pan Am. Darleen Jones Community Hospital Fair which was (His daughter is Director of Admis- New York held recently at the Rumford Armory. sions of American College of Cardi- Stej hen Keller ology in Bethesda.) F. X. can tell you Paumalu The Wives' Club had a booth which Bob k umasaka housed a bean bag toss and sold about touring the Greater Rift Valley Plaza raffle tickets for a bike. It is expected and game preserves and flying over Mart Lane that this year's "Fair" will net the countryside in a private plane. Santa Paula S20,000. Our congratulations to all Terri :b1 t'ers employees and wives for their time Southbury and effort to get involved in local Eileen Jacobsen activities, Chet White, Security Guard, is retiring after many years of service. Chet is over 70 and has been here ANDOVER. Congratulations to since the "Early Bird" days. Tech- ..` Stan and Donna Morse on the birth nicians/Engineers at HQS will re- of their first child, a daughter, member Chet as the gentleman with Darcy, weighing in at 8 lbs. 3 oz. the kerosene TV to sell (??). Old time Bruce Nelson has joined us as Junior employees of Andover can remember Tech for TTC&M . Bruce and his wife more than one person being taken for Pauline, along with their three chil- a ride by Chet's story of the TV. At dren, reside in Mexico, (Maine, of time,, it was hard to stand by and course). Bruce was formerly em- listen without breaking out with Carl Wenrich, Labs Procurement ployed by Measurex and was on con- laughter and giving Chet's story Office, has the unusual distinction of tract to the local paper mill Bosie away. Chet is retiring, not because he having visited all of the 40 National Cascade. wants to but because of health rea- Parks in the United States. This has Employees of Andover are busy in sons. Joanne Witas taken him to every state. His next local community affairs. Chuck Le- ambition is to visit all of the 28 Na- page is on the Board of Directors for Ralph Summerton, Station Engineer, tional Parks in Canada, of which he the Rumford High School Athletic died suddenly on December 5. has been to 10-12 so far. His most Boosters Charlie Jaros is Chairman recent vacation pursuing this end of the Andover Recreation Dept.; LABS. Shirley Taylor and son took hire to Manitoba, Ontario, and Ken Dixon is on the Board of Direc- Steve Miller appeared recently on North Dakota. tors for the Andover Water District WHAG TV in Hagerstown in cooper- Danny Forrester arrived at work and is President of Western Maine ation with the police in a crime- sporting a new sweatshirt, "World's Firemen's Association; Bruce Nelson prevention series. Shirley played a Greatest Grandpa," after the proud is Registrar (voter's registration) for greedy elderly lady who gets "taken" arrival of Lauren Elizabeth, 5 lbs. 10 the Town of Mexico; Jack Conner is for her life savings by a con artist. oz., on November 2nd. on the hoard for the Rumford Public Steve played a burglar who breaks To add a little excitement to an 16 PATHWAYS otherwise routine day, Teresa Maga- Travis. Welcome aboard, gang. ha, a semi-professional dancer from Leaving the M&S is our Supervisor Hagerstown, was "caught" giving of' Technical Services, Ed Richards, disco lessons to Dirk Van DerLoo. who has rejoined his old company. You just never know what you'll run Bendix, in West Virginia. Patricia into in the Spacecraft Lab. Ross has transferred to the Labs and John and Karen Hsing announced Bob Pitta has taken a position with the birth of a second boy, Stanley, on the Technical group under Howard November 19, 1979, at 7:30 a.m. Reagan at the Plaza: we wish them Both are doing fine. John works in the best of luck. A luncheon honoring the Stabilization and Structures Dept. the three was held at the German- of the Spacecraft Lab. town Inn on Thursday, October 25th. Earl Main, Spacecraft Laboratory, Our Calibration Team comprising participated in the John F. Kennedy Donald Rounsaville and Frank Sandel 50-mile hike held November 17th. did their AT&T Wheeling, W. Va., 409 participants competed in the and Etam earth stations' test equip- event. Earl finished the rugged course ment calibration during the latter in 13 1/2 hrs. 312 entries finished. part of October and first week of Earl finished 299th. November. Lynette Duikoku Congratulations to Sharon and Jim On November 14th Frank Sandel Homecoming Queen Draper on the birth of their daughter and George Robertson will be pre- Erin Elizabeth August 10 and to the sented their 10-year service awards, feature the traditional Japanese proud grandfather Bud Bell ; and also, and Betty Hall will receive her 10- dishes with guests sitting on mats on on the purchase of their home. year award. D. Jones the floor. Exchange of gifts and Mr. & Mrs. Steven B . Gray, Sr., games are on the program. Robert announced the birth of a son at the PAL \IALU. Lynette Daikoku, Makizuru, President of the Paumalu Frederick Memorial Hospital on daughter of Mr . & Mrs. Yoshiaki CEA, along with Lily Miram, Eddie Friday, November 2. Both Steve and Daikoku of Kailua, Oahu, Hawaii, Miyatake , and Ken Yamashita, are Brenda work at COMSAT. was recently chosen Homecoming planning the parties. There was a surprise Baby Shower Queen of Kalaheo High School, and Bob Kumasaka for Karen Updike on November 8th reigned over homecoming activities of at the Labs. the school. Proud father, Yoshiaki, is SO( THBURY . Celebrating an- We would like to thank COMSAT a Sr. Electronic Tech in our TTC&M niversaries with COMSAT GENERAL for putting lights in the over-flow station. Tom Ota and Bill Osborn, Sr. recently are Ron Hicks, Eileen Jacob- parking lot at the Labs. Techs, both spent time recently in sen, and Jim Nelson, 5 years; JoAnne Recent new hires include: James American Samoa, assisting with in- May, Agnes Tomlinson, May Scott Thomas, Robert Wilson , R. Gene Au- stalling and testing of communica- and Dave Parsons, 1 year. try, Chaim Zaks, Bill McGrady, Ale- tions equipment at the new Pago Congratulations to JoAnne May this Woodfield, Jethro Shedrick, Pago Earth Station. "No luck with on her recent marriage. While Jo- Russell Eicher , Susan Derrick, Vic the slot machines," said Lily Miram, Anne and Bill were honeymooning in Schreffler, John Urciolo, Steven Scol- Accounting-Personnel Clerk, upon Bermuda, they visited on board the nik, Teresa Eppley, Thomas Acuna, her return from her vacation in Cali- S.S. Rotterdam. Chris Lester, Broma Bare, Ed Eiser, fornia, Nevada, and Texas. Station 'Trips to warm tropical climates John Wingert , Michael McCracken, Manager Glenn M. Vinquist and wife seem to be currently in fashion as James Campbell , Bernard Geller, journeyed to Paradise, California, to Rose Marie Eureka 's daughter, Carole Stitely, Bob Kroll , William visit with their daughter, Karen, and Deborah and husband Jeff Lawler, Nallo (MCE ), Don Hessler (MCE), their son-in-law, over the Thanks- also honeymooned in the Islands. William Dahlberg (MCE), and Mary giving holiday. Ron and Faye Hicks have a new Emmell (M&S). The Paumalu CEA is sponsoring a addition to their family a girl, The following have left COMSAT: gala Teahouse Party for station em- Katherine Charlie. Frank and Jose- Ed Richards (M& S), Jimmy Su, Joe ployees and guests to greet the holi- phine Makray Also added to their Jerome, Michael Curtis, and Ralph day season. Actually there will be family a boy, David. Burall. -B.P.S. two parties in order to take care of We've weathered our first snow- shift workers--the first on November storm of the season: on October 9 NUS ('ENTER. Among the new em- 30, and the second on December 14. we had 9 inches of snow dumped on ployees at M&S Center are Skip The parties will be held at the Natsu- our antenna. Stanton, Mary Lou Fmmell and Jim noya Teahouse in Honolulu and will Our most sincere good wishes go NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 17 with Eileen Jacobsen who has taken a position at the Plaza in the STS, Marketing Department. Southhury's loss is definitely a gain for Wash- ington. Dolores R. Raneri The following employees have celebrated five, ten, or fifteen- TELESYSTEMS. Our new facili- INTELSAT III year anniversaries with COMSAT: ties in Merrifield. Virginia. are al- (Continued Jrom page 9) most ready for occupancy and we In November FIFTEEN YEARS 1969, and served as Pacific Ocean look forward to all being together h` John P. McCusker (Labs), John Primary from February I5 to June the first of the year. One of our build- H. Heck, and Richard L. Ham- 2, 1969, when it was replaced by ings will contain administrative, mar- merly. the INTF-I.SAT III F-4. keting, financial and engineering was then relocated TEN YEARS The satellite facilities, and the other building will Richard J. Porter (Labs), Frank to serve as Indian Ocean Primary contain manufacturing space, as well J. Sandel (Labs), Margery G. from July 1. 1969, to July 30, 1972. as production support offices such as Moses (Labs), Ralph T. Ambrose when the INTELSAT IV F-5 was in- Production Control, Manufacturing (Labs), George A. Robertson troduced as the primary. F-3 then Engineering, Procurement, Test, and (Palo Alto), Franklin B. Graves, served as contingency satellite in Quality Assurance. Albert C. Walle, and George H. the region until July 13, 1975. We have grown to 90 employees Wootton-Wooley. For some six months in 1975 and continue to add more. Among and for two months in 1977, the FIVE YEARS our newest employees are Pam Barbara M. Hayden (Andover), satellite carried Algerian lease Drumm , Marketing: Ismael Melendez, Emma J. Kennedy (Labs), Frank service. Personnel: Gary Richard , Finance & E. Cole (Labs), Ronald D. Kuenzli Administration; and Theresa "Lipfel, (Labs), Gilmore W. House (Labs), Manufacturing. Welcome Aboard! McKenna and Luper take Elizabeth A. Christie (Labs), A late summer picnic at Lake honors at golf tournament Ashok K. Sinha, John S. Fagan, Braddock, Va. got many of the Tele- In spite of a postponement due to Ronnie L. Hicks (Southbury), and Systems people with their families rain, the CEA Fall Golf Tournament James W. Nelson (Southbury). together for the first time. Approxi- was held at Bretton Woods with 42 In December mately 140 people were present to players, including 12 guests, compet- FIFTEEN YEARS enjoy the food, swimming, dancing ing under sunny skies on a well cared- Lawrence M. Devore. and getting acquainted. Special raves for course. TEN YEARS went to George Glass's wife. Sue-lon, Telesystem's .1. McKenna took low William V. Reece (Brewster), who created delicious egg rolls that men's gross with an 82 while Paulette Allanina G. Cramer (Labs), Mar- were the hit of the food line. Luper took low women's gross with vin D. Ginsberg (Labs), Henry L. George Corbin, Manufacturing, is 101. I'aul Fleming claimed the shot Parker (MCE). Carolyn M. Van telling everyone about his 14-yr. old of the tournament, holing out a 60- Der Weele (Labs), Walter L. Mor- son Patrick , who will be dancing a yard wedge shot on Number 17 for a gan (Labs), and Charles E. John- substantial role in the Washington birdie. son (Palo Alto). Ballet's rendition of Tchaikovskv's Prizes were awarded to the men FIVE YEARS "The Nutcracker" during December. for Low Gross (.I. McKenna), First Alan T. Gerace (Andover), Patrick is a scholarship student at the Net (A. Cornfield), Second Net (J. Mary L. Penrose (Labs), Dilip D. Washington School of Ballet, and has Hall), Third Net (R. Redick), Fourth Thakkar (El Segundo), -Tomas been performing for the Rockville Net (E. Knopick), Fifth Net (P. W. Black (EI Segundo), David J. Civic Ballet for the last three years. Fleming), Longest Drive (D. Ruggori) Lee, Patricia A. Carlton, Karl H. Bill Voss , of Information Systems, and Closest to the Pin (R. Waldt). Jesinghaus, Leo Millstein, and recently honeymooned with his bride Prizes were awarded to the women Tattamangalam S. Chidambaram. Terry. Mike Hofe, Manufacturing. for Low Gross (P. L.uper). First Net wedded Kendra Smith Nov. 3 and (M. Penrose), Second Net (D. Ben- they reside in Virginia. And more net), Third Net (P. Ruddiman), wedding hells will soon ring for Pam Longest Drive (P. l.uper) and Closest Drumm, Marketing, who will he to the Pin (M. Penrose). married to Rod Richardson on Nov. Joe Donnelly and Bud Bell or- 24. Accounting' s Pramod Gupte and his ganized and coordinated the tourna- A new son was recently welcomed wife have a new daughter. ment. Jim Hall handled the computer by Rogers Glenn and his wife, while -Barbara \laddox scoring. 18 PATHWAYS AM ERICAN SAMOA

(Continued from page 4i

Chief is one of several indigenous titles of distinction.) In addition to Dr. Charyk, the speakers included Mr. Surber, earth station manager, Director of Communications Sene and Governor Coleman. In his speech, Dr. Charyk pointed out that American Samoa "now joins 25 other points throughout the Pacific and more than 100 nations around the globe which enjoy clear and efficient communications by satellite." Dr. Charyk then addressed himself to the special significance of the earth station to American Samoans. "The family plays an important role in The Arts Council Choir performed at the dedication ceremonies. Also performing every society," he said, "but the at the festivities was the Leone High School band. family tradition in Samoa is something more.... We believe satellite communications with the mainland nectcd with friends and relatives in touch. All those Samoan sons and and other points can bring Samoan Hawaii and on the Mainland, prov- daughters, uncles and aunts, grand- families closer together." ing once again that the shortest dis- mothers and grandfathers will be in Then he stated, "Starting today tance between two points is by satel- touch via satellite. Satellite communi- satellite communications will give you lite." cations will bring them home quickly the ability to talk directly, instantly Dr. Charyk added, "The improved and clearly." and clearly with your children and communications via satellite can only Gov. Coleman, the final "live" loved ones anywhere in the world. In strengthen the Samoan family. No speaker at the dedication, completed a blink of an eye you will be con- longer will family members be out of his talk with a first ceremonial long distance telephone call to Washing- ton, D.C. to Leo Krulitz, Solicitor of the Department of the Interior. The ceremony then switched to a television presentation from Wash- ington, D.C. and Hawaii, which was arranged by Dan Karasik, Director, TV and Customer Service, Interna- tional Communications. On eight television monitors placed at various locations at the earth station site, the audience of 1,500 watched a live, closed circuit telecast from CBS Studios in Washington in which four speakers greeted them. The four were Fofo Sunia, Delegate At Large, U.S. Congress, from American Samoa; Eni Honkin, Assistant Counsel, House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs; Senator Spark Mat- A Sunday outing near Pago Pago for an American Samoan family involves swimming and washing clothes in a mountain -fed .spring. (Continued next page)

NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1979 19 (Continued .from page 19)

sunaga (D-Hawaii); and Senator Henry M. Jackson (D-Washington). During this segment of the telecast, viewers were also shown the principal sights of Washington such as the White House and the Capitol. The next segment was a live television presentation from Hawaii. Speakers were Dr. Hideto Kono, Hawaiian Director of Economic De- velopment, and Reverend Pita Malae, a prominent clergyman in Hawaii who was horn in American Samoa. The third and final closed-circuit segment also came from CBS Studios in Washington a slightly delayed airing of the Saturday Evening News with Bob Schicffcr. The U.S. common carriers in addition to COMSAT providing the television segments were ITT World Communications. Inc.: Hawaiian Telephone Company, RCA Global Communications, Inc., and Western Union International, Inc. The entire proceedings, both live ceremony and telecasts, were recorded by the Sa- moan Television System for rebroad- cast Saturday evening to viewers throughout American Samoa. Later that same, quite-busy day about 250 invited guests including Dr. Charyk and the rest of the delegation from COMSAT headquarters gathered at Solis, a restaurant in Pago Pago, for good food and a Polynesian floor show. There is probably no more fitting way to end this account than by using the Samoan words that Dr. Charyk himself used in ending his speech at the dedication. Fa'aJetai tole lava. Manuia Amerika Samoa. A view of Rainmaker Mountain , eleva- Manuia C'OM.SAT. Soi/ua. To trans- tion about 1,600 feet, from Mount late: "Thank you very much. Viva Alava. The English writer William America Samoa. Viva COMSAT. May Somerset Maugham (1874-1965) did much to implant the mountain in the you live long." minds of Westerners through his short store "Rain."

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