Media and Communication (ISSN: 2183–2439) 2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages 186–197 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v7i4.2300 Article Audible Efforts: Gender and Battle Cries in Classic Arcade Fighting Games Milena Droumeva School of Communication, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; E-Mail:
[email protected] Submitted: 28 June 2019 | Accepted: 10 October 2019 | Published: 20 December 2019 Abstract Video games are demanding work indeed. So demanding that our screen heroes and heroines are constantly making sounds of strife, struggle, or victory while conducting surrogate labor for us running, fighting, saving worlds. These sounds also represent the very real demanding labor of voice actors, whose burnout and vocal strain have recently come to the fore in terms of the games industries’ labor standards (Cazden, 2017). But do heroes and she-roes sound the same? What are the demands—virtual, physical, and emotional—of maintaining sexist sonic tropes in popular media; demands that are required of the industry, the game program, and the player alike? Based on participatory observations of gameplay (i.e., the research team engaging with the material by playing the games we study), close reading of gendered sonic presence, and a historical content analysis of three iconic arcade fighting games, this article reports on a notable trend: As games self- purportedly and in the eyes of the wider community improve the visual representation of female playable leads important aspects of the vocal representation of women has not only lagged behind but become more exaggeratedly gendered with higher-fidelity bigger-budget game productions. In essence, femininity continues to be a disempowering design pattern in ways far more nuanced than sexualization alone.