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Download De COI Focus COMMISSARIAAT-GENERAAL VOOR DE VLUCHTELINGEN EN DE STAATLOZEN COI Focus SOMALIË Veiligheidssituatie in Somaliland en Puntland 5 juni 2019 (update) Cedoca Oorspronkelijke taal: Nederlands DISCLAIMER: Dit COI-product is geschreven door de documentatie- en researchdienst This COI-product has been written by Cedoca, the Documentation and Cedoca van het CGVS en geeft informatie voor de behandeling van Research Department of the CGRS, and it provides information for the individuele verzoeken om internationale bescherming. Het document bevat processing of individual applications for international protection. The geen beleidsrichtlijnen of opinies en oordeelt niet over de waarde van het document does not contain policy guidelines or opinions and does not pass verzoek om internationale bescherming. Het volgt de richtlijnen van de judgment on the merits of the application for international protection. It follows Europese Unie voor de behandeling van informatie over herkomstlanden van the Common EU Guidelines for processing country of origin information (April april 2008 en is opgesteld conform de van kracht zijnde wettelijke bepalingen. 2008) and is written in accordance with the statutory legal provisions. De auteur heeft de tekst gebaseerd op een zo ruim mogelijk aanbod aan The author has based the text on a wide range of public information selected zorgvuldig geselecteerde publieke informatie en heeft de bronnen aan elkaar with care and with a permanent concern for crosschecking sources. Even getoetst. Het document probeert alle relevante aspecten van het onderwerp though the document tries to cover all the relevant aspects of the subject, the te behandelen, maar is niet noodzakelijk exhaustief. Als bepaalde text is not necessarily exhaustive. If certain events, people or organisations gebeurtenissen, personen of organisaties niet vernoemd worden, betekent dit are not mentioned, this does not mean that they did not exist. niet dat ze niet bestaan hebben. All the sources used are briefly mentioned in a footnote and described in detail Alle gebruikte bronnen staan kort vermeld in een voetnoot en uitgebreid in a bibliography at the end of the document. Sources which have been beschreven in een bibliografie achteraan het document. Bronnen die consulted but which were not used are listed as consulted sources. In geconsulteerd maar niet gebruikt werden, staan in een lijst van geraadpleegde exceptional cases, sources are not mentioned by name. When specific bronnen. In uitzonderlijke gevallen worden bronnen niet bij naam genoemd. information from this document is used, the user is asked to quote the source Wie specifieke informatie uit dit document gebruikt, moet de bronverwijzing uit mentioned in the bibliography. de bibliografie vermelden. This document can only be published or distributed with the written consent of Publicatie of verspreiding van dit document is alleen mogelijk na schriftelijke the Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons. toestemming van het Commissariaat-generaal voor de Vluchtelingen en de Staatlozen. Ernest Blerotstraat 39, 1070 BRUSSEL T 02 205 51 11 F 02 205 50 01 [email protected] www.cgvs.be SOMALIË. Veiligheidssituatie in Somaliland en Puntland 5 juni 2019 (update) Inhoudstafel Lijst van afkortingen .......................................................................................................... 3 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................. 5 Kaarten .............................................................................................................................. 7 1. Korte geschiedenis ......................................................................................................... 8 1.1. Somaliland .................................................................................................................. 8 1.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 10 1.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 11 2. Huidige toestand van het conflict ................................................................................. 13 2.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 13 2.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 14 2.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 17 3. Strijdende partijen ....................................................................................................... 20 3.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 20 3.1.1. Veiligheidsdiensten ................................................................................................ 20 3.1.2. Terreurgroepen ..................................................................................................... 22 3.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.1. Veiligheidsdiensten ................................................................................................ 23 3.2.2. Terreurgroepen ..................................................................................................... 26 3.2.3. US AFRICOM ......................................................................................................... 29 3.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 30 4. Aard van de incidenten ................................................................................................. 31 4.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 32 4.1.1. Aantal incidenten ................................................................................................... 32 4.1.2. Aard van de incidenten ........................................................................................... 33 4.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 34 4.2.1. Aantal incidenten ................................................................................................... 34 4.2.2. Aard van de incidenten ........................................................................................... 35 4.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 38 4.3.1. Aantal incidenten ................................................................................................... 38 4.3.2. Aard van de incidenten ........................................................................................... 39 5. Doelwitten van het geweld ........................................................................................... 41 5.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 42 5.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 43 5.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 45 6. Geografische verdeling ................................................................................................. 48 6.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 48 6.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 49 6.3. De betwiste gebieden .................................................................................................. 50 7. Verplaatsingen van de bevolking .................................................................................. 52 7.1. Somaliland ................................................................................................................. 53 7.2. Puntland .................................................................................................................... 56 7.3. Betwiste gebieden....................................................................................................... 57 7.4. Bereikbaarheid ........................................................................................................... 58 Samenvatting ................................................................................................................... 61 Bijlagen ............................................................................................................................ 63 Bibliografie ....................................................................................................................... 77 Pagina 2 van 90 CG – 825 N SOMALIË. Veiligheidssituatie in Somaliland en Puntland 5 juni 2019 (update) Lijst van afkortingen ACAPS Assessment Capacities Project ACCORD Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation ACLED Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project AEI American Enterprise Institute
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