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Estudo De Ferramenta Alternativa De Captura De Movimentos De Cabeça Para Aplicações De Realidade Virtual

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Estudo De Ferramenta Alternativa De Captura De Movimentos De Cabeça Para Aplicações De Realidade Virtual CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Periódicos PUC-Rio (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro) 2 ESTUDO DE FERRAMENTA ALTERNATIVA DE CAPTURA DE MOVIMENTOS DE CABEÇA PARA APLICAÇÕES DE REALIDADE VIRTUAL. STUDY HEAD MOTION CAPTURE ALTERNATIVE TOOL FOR VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATIONS . Diego de Jesus Penaforte Parreiras1, Diego Penaforte M.Sc. (1) Escola superior de Propaganda e Marketing - ESPM e-mail: [email protected] Realidade Virtual, interatividade, computação gráfica Este trabalho utiliza uma técnica alternativa na captura de movimentos da cabeça, para navegação em cenários virtuais, voltado para experimentações para realidade virtual. Tem como resultado o aprimoramento de um sistema alternativo, para essa captura de movimentos, mais barato, e de mais fácil utilização por parte de usuários comuns. Virtual reality, interactivity , computer graphics This work uses an alternative methodology to capture head movements of a user for navigation in virtual scenarios applied in trials for virtual reality. Results in the improvement of an alternative system, for this motion capture , cheaper , and easier to use by ordinary users . 1. Introdução instituição de ensino, seja ela curso, escola ou universidade. Assim, muitas vezes o ensino resume- A tecnologia da realidade virtual (RV) vem se se a aulas expositivas o que pode causar a popularizando a cada dia. Já é utilizada com desmotivação de quem aprende. sucesso, em treinamentos, aprendizado de tarefas, aquisição de habilidades específicas. a Polícia Assim sendo, a tecnologia da RV vem sendo Militar de Santa Catarina já utiliza esta tecnologia estudada e experimentada como com sucesso incorporada ao processo de ferramenta avançada para Treinamentos e treinamento de seus policiais (Rosa 2015). Temos aprendizado. segundo Rosa (2015), "o leitor esta tecnologia aplicada em treinamento para imersivo é marcado pela interatividade, aprendendo atividades de alta complexidade, como a e ensinando, velozmente por meio da interação manutenção de redes elétricas (Buriol, 2011). constante que, também, implica em constante Simulação de rotas de fuga (Soares, 2012). inovação." Rosa (2015), também afirma, Segundo Rosa 2015(apud Demo) a realidade referenciando-se em Santaella (2004) que "a virtual apresenta um novo paradigma, uma navegação interativa no cyber-espaço promove ferramenta para o aprendizado de tarefas, e alterações no âmbito das sensações , percepções aquisição de conhecimentos mais alinhada com as e cognições, diferenciando-se das experiências novas tecnologias de informação, que supera o anteriormente propostas pela cultura literária." chamado método escolástico, que para Azevedo e Segundo Monteiro (2015) as experiências vividas Souza (2015). Utiliza-se de métodos considerados através da realidade virtual através de seus tradicionais para ensinar os conteúdos, como o HMDs, como oculus Rift, por exemplo, podem apego exclusivo ao quadro e livro didático. Para este ganhar dimensões até então inexplorados por outros autor, estas técnicas não promovem a aproximação meios. Nesse contexto vale realçar a proximidade da realidade de quem estuda, com a realidade da da realidade virtual com os jogos 1 2 eletrônicos, sendo estes últimos sido estudados e formado por uma espécie de elmo ou capacete, que analisados como potentes ferramentas de auxílio ao adapta duas pequenas telas de projeção na cabeça aprendizado. para Azevedo e Souza (2015) os do usuário, uma para cada olho. Nestas telas são jogos eletrônicos possuem para os alunos, por projetadas imagens geradas geralmente por exemplo, uma maior expressividade e são mais aplicações de computação gráfica significativos. Para estas mesmos autores, é tridimensional, que simulam desde um fundamental a utilização da tecnologia para ambiente, um local, uma cidade, e até mundos incrementar a dinâmica ensino-aprendizagem, pois inteiros. vivemos em uma era em que os dispositivos tecnológicos como celulares, tablets, e Estes capacetes são dotados de um sistema de computadores, fazem parte do nosso cotidiano, e captura de movimentos da cabeça do usuário são os principais instrumentos de aquisição de (Kirner, Siscouto, 2007), para que sempre que o informações e conhecimentos. (Azevedo e usuário girar sua cabeça, o cenário Souza 2015). Para Soares (2012) citando Weiser virtual possa interagir modificando o ponto de vista (1994), este fenômeno chama-se “computação apresentado, dando a este usuário em questão, a ubíqua”, em que os aparatos tecnológicos baseados sensação de fazer parte do cenário e em computação estão tão presentes em nossas vidas, estivesse presente fisicamente nele. e de forma tão integrada ao ser humano, que é como se fossem invisíveis. O grande problema é que este dispositivo geralmente, é extremamente caro, e este o ponto Assim sendo, temos observado um crescente central na dificuldade da popularização da interesse, principalmente da indústria dos games na tecnologia da Realidade Virtual, pois é um apropriação dos conceitos da RV e utilização, para equipamento de extrema necessidade para a uma melhor integração entre usuário e computador, sensação de imersão, que é o ponto chave da e uma maior sensação de imersão. Como exemplo RV. Também são geralmente dispositivos deste fato temos o console de vídeo game chamado complexos e de operação e configuração “Xbox One Scorpio”, da Microsoft, que é a complicada, sendo pouco amistosos para o público evolução do “Xbox One”, e apresenta melhorias leigo em geral. voltadas para aplicações em RV (http://mundovr.com.br/2016/06/15/e3-2016-xbox- O objetivo principal deste trabalho é testar e one-scorpio-e-o-xbox-para-realidade-virtual/). A aprimorar uma técnica alternativa para captura de Ubisoft, grande empresa produtora de jogos, está movimento da cabeça para aplicações de Realidade planejando o lançamento de 4 jogos, formatados Virtual, com fins educacionais. para serem jogados com dispositivos de RV, até o final deste ano(2016). Ele se justifica através da busca de meios para (http://mundovr.com.br/2016/06/15/ubisoft-planeja- popularizar, baratear e difundir a RV, para sua 4-jogos-em-realidade-virtual-para-esse-ano/) ampla utilização como ferramenta potencializadora do aprendizado, elevando o ensino-aprendizado em Temos também o projeto de desenvolvimento do nosso país, a um novo patamar, melhorando sua Chamado Oculus Rift, eficácia, e formando técnicos, profissionais, e (https://www3.oculus.com/en-us/rift/) a princípio professores de melhor qualidade. desenvolvido por Palmer Luckey, sendo apresentado a princípio na E3 - Eletronic Entertainment Expo. 2. Conceitos importantes (Monteiro, 2016) e agora mantido e aprimorado pela empresa Facebook, exatamente com o fim de 2.1.Interação popularizar e baratear a tecnologia da realidade virtual. consiste na criação de um dispositivo head Outra palavra que está presente nas definições de mounted display (HMD), que é o equipamento VR é a interação. A ideia de interação está ligada ícone da tecnologia da realidade virtual, com a capacidade de o computador detectar as 2 2 entradas do usuário e modificar instantaneamente o TORI et al., 2006; PINHO et al., 2006; BARILLI, mundo virtual e as ações sobre ele de acordo com a 2007). vontade desse usuário (ESPINHEIRA, 2004). Neste contexto, certos dispositivos conectam ações do 2.4.Free Track usuário com elementos de cena do ambiente virtual (MACHADO et al., 2006). Freetrack é um sistema de captura de movimentos baseado em sistema óptico, para plataforma 2.2.Realidade Virtual Windows, de uso gratuito, lançado sob a licença GNU- General Public License, que pode ser usado O termo Virtual Reality (VR) em português com câmeras baratas comuns. Seu foco principal é o Realidade Virtual (RV) é creditado a Jaron Lanier acompanhamento dos movimentos da cabeça, para (ESPINHEIRA, 2004; BARILLI. Concentra utilizações em simulação, jogos de vídeo game, conhecimentos de diversas áreas, e por ser uma área modelagem 3D, desenho assistido por computador e multidisciplinar, torna-se difícil de conceituar. computação de mãos-livres em geral. A câmera KIRNER, (2004) e BARILLI, (2007) citando Cunha capta um sistema de pontos luminosos usado pelo (2001), consideram RV como sendo o “nome usuário e esses pontos precisam ser isolados da luz genérico que representa uma tecnologia sobre a qual de fundo por meio de filtragem física ou de estão sendo agrupados meios através dos quais o software. É um dispositivo que permite usuário pode livremente visualizar, explorar, movimentação com seis graus de liberdade – six manipular e interagir com dados” degree of freedom (6DOF). Outra definição que cabe neste trabalho é a proposta por Kirner (2007) que considera a RV uma 3. Metodologia “interface avançada de usuário” para interação com o computador. 3.1 - Dispositivo de rastreamento da cabeça 2.3.Imersão O sistema proposto neste trabalho consiste em um “A intenção da VR mais básica, é a imersão, no dispositivo de captura de movimentos da cabeça, sentido de o individuo se sentir transportado para o disposto na própria cabeça do usuário, um cenário mundo virtual, como se estivesse, com efeito, dentro virtual 3D, que será executado em tempo real, dele, envolvido, esquecendo-se completamente do recebendo os comandos do usuário, e um projetor, mundo real” (BRAGA, 2007). projetando este cenário em um aparato, para que o navegador possa interagir com o cenário e realizar A Realidade Virtual pode ser classificada, em uma experiência imersiva. função do senso de presença do usuário, em imersiva ou não imersiva
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