Telecommunication/ICT Indicators from Administrative Data Sources

Committed to Connecting the World

ITU Regional Forum and Training Workshop on Telecommunication/ICT Indicators: Measuring the Information Society and ITU-ASEAN Meeting on Establishing National ICT Statistics Portals and Measuring ASEAN ICT targets

Bangkok, 13-16 October 2014

Telecommunication/ICT indicators from administrative data sources

Esperanza Magpantay/Susan Teltscher ICT Data and Statistics Division BDT/ ITU International Telecommunication Union © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Agenda

. ITU Handbook

. ITU indicators from administrative sources

2 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World ITU Handbook

.Covers 81 indicators on telecommunication/ICT services .Covers data collected from administrative sources (e.g. telecom operators) .Reflects the outcome by ITU Expert Group on Telecom/ICT Indicators (EGTI) .Available in six ITU languages at: http://www.itu.int/pub/D-IND-ITC_IND_HBK- 2011 . Will be revised in 2015 3 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World ITU Handbook (cont.) Groupings: .Definition . Fixed-telephone networks . Mobile-cellular networks .Clarifications and . Internet scope . Traffic . Tariffs .Method of collection . Quality of service .Relationship with . Persons employed other indicators . Revenue . Investment .Methodological issues . Public access . Broadcasting and other .Examples indicators

4 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World ITU Handbook – updates

. Revision of revenue and investment indicators

. New indicators added

. Fixed broadband and mobile QoS . Broadband Internet traffic . Pay-TV subscriptions . Mobile-broadband prices 5 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World

Context: indicators from administrative sources

81 Indicators ITU Handbook . Data per operator Indicators collected in 65 ITU administrative Administrative . Sub-national questionnaires indicators data collected by countries . Data for market Core indicators on analysis ICT infrastructure 10 and access . Data to track Partnership national ICT policies

International National 6 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World

Main ITU indicators from administrative sources

1. Fixed-telephone network

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Indicator 2: Fixed-telephone subscriptions

The sum of (active) number of:

(i)analogue fixed-telephone lines (ii)Voice-over-IP (VoIP) subscriptions (iii) fixed wireless local loop (WLL) subscriptions (iv) integrated services digital network (ISDN) voice channel equivalents (v)fixed public payphones

This indicator was previously called Main telephone lines in operation.

8 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 3: Analogue fixed-telephone lines (i112a) Definition: Analogue fixed telephone lines refers to the number of active lines connecting subscribers’ terminal equipment to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and which have a dedicated port in the telephone exchange equipment. Active lines are those that have registered an activity in the past three months. This term is synonymous with the terms ‘main station’ or ‘direct exchange line’ (DEL) that are commonly used in telecommunication documents.

9 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 4: VoIP subscriptions (i112IP) Definition: VoIP subscriptions refers to the number of voice- over-Internet protocol (VoIP) fixed-line subscriptions. It is also known as voice over broadband (VoB), and includes VoIP subscriptions through fixed wireless, DSL, cable, fibre optic and other fixed-broadband Internet platforms that provide fixed telephony using IP. It excludes software-based VoIP applications (e.g. VoIP with Skype using computer-to-computer or computer-to-telephone). Those VoIP subscriptions that do not imply a recurrent monthly fee should only be counted if they have generated inbound or outbound traffic within the past three months. 10 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World

Indicator 9: ISDN voice channel equivalents (i28c) Definition: ISDN voice channel equivalents refer to the ISDN voice channel equivalents (B-channel equivalents).

This is the sum of basic rate and primary rate voice channel equivalents. Basic rate voice equivalents is the number of basic rate ISDN subscriptions (Indicator 8a) multiplied by 2 and primary rate voice equivalents is the number of primary rate ISDN subscriptions (Indicator 8b) multiplied by 23 or 30, depending on the standard implemented.

11 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 5: Fixed wireless local loop subscriptions (i112w)

Definition: Fixed wireless local loop (WLL) subscriptions refers to subscriptions provided by licensed fixed line telephone operators that provide ‘last mile’ access to the subscriber using radio technology and where the subscriber’s terminal equipment is either stationary or limited in its range of use.

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Fixed-telephone subscriptions

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Other fixed-telephone indicators

. % fixed-telephone subscriptions that are residential

. Fixed-telephone numbers ported

14 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 10: Fixed-telephone numbers ported (i112pt) Definition: Fixed-telephone numbers ported refers to the number of porting transactions within the fixed-telephone line network that have been carried out for fixed- telephone numbers during the reference year.

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2. Mobile-cellular network

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Indicator 11: Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions

Number of subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology.

The indicator includes: (i)postpaid subscriptions; and (ii)prepaid accounts that are active, i.e. used during the last three months.

The indicator applies to all mobile-cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications.

It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.

17 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World What do we actually measure? Mobile-cellular...

• Subscriptions √ operator data

• Users household survey data

• Handsets

• Subscribers

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Other mobile-cellular indicators

. % population covered by a mobile-cellular telephone network

. % population covered by at least a 3G mobile network

. Mobile-cellular numbers ported

19 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 14: Percentage of the population covered by a mobile-cellular telephone network (i271pop)

Definition: Percentage of the population covered by a mobile- cellular telephone network refers to the percentage of inhabitants within range of a mobile-cellular signal, irrespective of whether or not they are subscribers or users. This is calculated by dividing the number of inhabitants within range of a mobile- cellular signal by the total population and multiplying by 100.

20 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 15: Percentage of the population covered by at least a 3G mobile network (i271G)

Definition: Percentage of the population covered by at least a 3G mobile network refers to the percentage of inhabitants that are within range of at least a 3G mobile-cellular signal, irrespective of whether or not they are subscribers. This is calculated by dividing the number of inhabitants that are covered by at least a 3G mobile-cellular signal by the total population and multiplying by 100.

21 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 16: Mobile-cellular numbers ported (i271pt) Definition: Mobile-cellular numbers ported refers to the number of mobile porting transactions that have been carried out during the reference year.

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3. Internet

23 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World ITU classification of broadband – revised in September 2014

(1) xDSL

(2) Cable modem

(3) FTTH/FTTB

Fixed (4) Other fixed tech (wired)

Broad (5) Satellite broadband band (6) Fixed wireless broadband

Mobile (7) Standard mobile broadband (8) Dedicated mobile broadband Active mobile

24 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World ITU classification of broadband – revised in September 2014 . Should broadband services be classified according to the fixed/mobile categorization? Old New

(1) xDSL (2) Cable modem Wired (3) FTTH/FTTB (1) –(4) (4) Other fixed wired Fixed (5) Satellite broadband broadband (6) Fixed wireless (5) –(6) broadband Wireless Mobile (7) Active mobile broadband broadband

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3a. Fixed broadband

26 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Fixed-broadband subscriptions Main features: • advertised ≥ 256 kbit/s

Breakdowns:

• ≥ 10 Mbit/s • DSL

• cable • by speed • 2 – 10 Mbit/s • by tech • FTTH/B

• 0.256 – 2 Mbit/s • other

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Indicator 19b: Fixed-broadband subscriptions (i4213tfb)

Refers to subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s.

This includes cable modem, DSL, fibre-to-the- home/building, satellite, fixed wireless, and other fixed-broadband subscriptions.

This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile- cellular networks. It should exclude technologies listed under mobile-broadband category.

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Indicator 20: Fixed-broadband subscriptions (i4213tfb), by technology

Indicator 20a: Cable modem Internet subscriptions (i4213cab) Refers to the number of Internet subscriptions using a cable modem service to access the Internet, at downstream speeds greater than, or equal to, 256 kbit/s. Cable modem is a modem attached to a cable television network.

Indicator 20b: DSL Internet subscriptions (i4213dsl) Refers to the number of Internet subscriptions using digital subscriber line (DSL) services to access the Internet (at downstream speeds greater than or equal to 256 kbit/s). DSL is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth information to homes and small businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines. It should exclude very high speed digital subscriber line (VDSL) subscriptions if these are provided using fibre directly to the premises. 29 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 20: Fixed-broadband subscriptions (i4213tfb), by technology

Indicator 20c: Fibre-to-the-home/building subscriptions (i4213ftth/b) Refers to the number of Internet subscriptions using fibre-to-the-home or fibre-to-the-building with downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This should include subscriptions where fibre goes directly to the subscriber’s premises or fibre-to-the-building subscriptions that terminate no more than 2 meters from an external wall of the building. Fibre to-the-cabinet and fibre-to-the-node are excluded.

Indicator 20d: Other fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions (i4213ob) Refers to Internet subscriptions using other fixed (wired)-broadband technologies to access the Internet (other than DSL, cable modem, and fibre) with downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes technologies such as Ethernet LAN, and broadband over powerline (BPL) communications. Ethernet LAN subscriptions refer to subscriptions using IEEE 802.3 technology. BPL subscriptions refer to subscriptions using broadband over power line services. Users of temporary broadband access (e.g. roaming between PWLAN hotspots), users of WiMAX and those with Internet access via mobile-cellular networks are excluded.

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Indicator 23: Satellite broadband subscriptions

Satellite broadband subscriptions refers to the number of satellite Internet subscriptions with an advertised download speed of at least 256 kbit/s. It refers to the retail subscription technology and not the backbone technology.

The service should provide a two-way capability to both download and upload data. If the ISP provides dial-up or broadband access via a fixed connection but uses satellite for national or domestic backbone connectivity, these are not considered satellite broadband Internet subscriptions. 31 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World

Indicator 24: Terrestrial fixed wireless broadband subscriptions

Includes: fixed WiMAX and fixed-wireless with an advertised download speed of at least 256 kbit/s. Excludes: (i) occasional users at hotspots and subscribers of Wi-Fi hotspots (ii) mobile-broadband subscriptions where users can access a service throughout the country wherever coverage is available.

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3b. Mobile broadband

33 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Mobile broadband

Mobile broadband subscriptions

Active mobile broadband subs Standard Internet + voice Internet used in the last 3 months

Dedicated Internet only Recurrent fee or Internet used in the last 3 months

Advertised download speeds ≥ 256 kbit/s

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Indicator 25: Active mobile-broadband subscriptions (i271mw)

Definition: Active mobile-broadband subscriptions refers to the sum of standard mobile-broadband subscriptions and dedicated mobile-broadband subscriptions. it covers actual subscribers, not potential subscribers even though the latter may have broadband enabled-handsets.

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Indicator 25a. Standard mobile-broadband subscriptions (i271mb_active)

Refers to active mobile-cellular subscriptions with an advertised data speed of 256 kbit/s or greater that allow access to the greater Internet via HTTP and have been used to make a data connection using Internet protocol (IP) in the previous three months.

Standard SMS and MMS messaging do not count as an active Internet data connections, even if they are delivered via IP.

This indicator refers to mobile subscriptions that use mobile- broadband services on a pay-per-use basis. It excludes mobile subscriptions with a separate monthly data plan (see Indicator 25b, Dedicated mobile-broadband subscriptions) for mobile- broadband access.

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Indicator 25b. Dedicated mobile-broadband subscriptions (i271md) Refers to subscriptions to dedicated data services (over a mobile network) that are purchased separately from voice services, either as a stand-alone service (e.g. using a data card such as a USB modem/dongle) or as an add-on data package to voice services that requires an additional subscription.

All dedicated mobile data broadband subscriptions with recurring subscription fees are included as ‘active data subscriptions’ regardless of actual use. Prepaid mobile-broadband plans require use in the last three months if there is no monthly subscription. This indicator could also include mobile WiMAX subscriptions.

37 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Active mobile-broadband subscriptions Main features:

• advertised ≥ 256 kbit/s

GPRS and EDGE excluded

1. Monthly fee paid only for Internet access • active OR 2. Accessed the Internet in the previous three months

• allows access to the open Internet 3838 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Examples

Type of plan Voice Data How counted 1 Standalone Standard Pay as you If Internet used in voice voice go the last 3 months, subscription Standard 2 3G modem No Monthly Dedicated subscription 3 Bundled voice X minutes Y MB If Internet used in and data included included the last 3 months, Standard 4 Bundled voice X minutes Unlimited If Internet used in and data included the last 3 months, Standard 5 Standalone Standard Data paid voice plan + voice separately Dedicated data add-on subscription (Y MB/month)

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Examples (II)

Type of plan Voice Data How counted

6 3G modem No Prepaid If Internet used in the last 3 months, Dedicated

7 Voice plan + Standard Pay per use If Internet used in data credits voice once credits the last 3 months, subscription are filled Standard

40 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Exercise For both years: (‘000) 2012 2013

Fixed subscriptions 5,052 5,158 PSTN/ISDN 2,604 2,549 Broadband 1,225 1,294 Pay-TV 1,223 1,315 Mobile cellular 7,598 7,896 Postpaid 2,469 2,925 Prepaid 5,129 4,971

1. Calculate the % mobile prepaid subscriptions out of total mobile cellular subscriptions 2. Provide the number of fixed broadband subscriptions 3. Provide the number of fixed telephone subscriptions 41 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World

Indicator 17: International Internet bandwidth Mbit/s

Total used capacity of international Internet bandwidth in mega bits per second (Mbit/s).

This is measured as the sum of used capacity of all Internet exchanges (locations where Internet traffic is exchanged) offering international bandwidth.

If capacity is asymmetric (i.e. more incoming (downlink) than outgoing (uplink)), the incoming (downlink) capacity should be provided.

Current discussion in EGTI

. What is feasible/relevant to collect?

 used capacity?

 purchased capacity?

 lit or equipped capacity?

 simply total design capacity (potential)?

5. QoS and traffic indicators

. Mobile-cellular services:  Mobile-cellular unsuccessful call ratio  Mobile-cellular dropped call ratio

. Fixed broadband  Service activation time for fixed -broadband service (in days)

45 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator : Mobile-cellular unsuccessful call ratio (i146u) Definition: Mobile-cellular unsuccessful call ratio refers to the ratio of unsuccessful mobile-cellular calls to the total number of mobile-cellular call attempts in the given year. An unsuccessful call is a call attempt to a valid number, while in a coverage area, where neither the call is answered nor called party busy tone nor ringing tone, is recognized at the access of the calling user within 40 seconds from the instant when the last digit of the destination subscriber number is received by the network.

46 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator : Mobile-cellular dropped call ratio (i146d) Definition: Mobile-cellular dropped call ratio refers to the proportion of incoming and outgoing mobile-cellular calls which, once they have been correctly established and therefore have an assigned traffic channel, are dropped or interrupted prior to their normal completion by the user, the cause of the early termination being within the operator's network. .

47 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Service activation time for fixed (wired)- broadband service (in days) (i147t)

Definition: Service activation time for fixed (wired)- broadband service refers to the time from the date of application to the date of service activation. The average service activation time for all new applications received within the given year should be provided.

Traffic . Fixed telephone: domestic, international minutes

. Mobile cellular: domestic, international minutes and SMS

. Data traffic (1st collection 2013):  Fixed (wired)- broadband Internet traffic (exabytes)  Mobile-broadband Internet traffic (inside country)  Mobile-broadband Internet traffic (outside, roaming out)

Measured at the end-user access point Excl. walled-garden, wholesale traffic, IPTV/CATV

7. Revenue and investment

• EGTI reviewed the definitions in 2012 + Methodological note • Chapter 4 in MIS 2012 analysed revenue and investment data

• Input from international organizations

© ITU 2014 Revenues Committed to Connecting the World Additional • Breakdowns: Total / mobile breakdowns not compa‐ • Main issues: rable because INCLUDED of ≠ revenue allocation Retail revenues from residential customers YES

Retail revenues from business customers YES

Wholesale revenues, e.g. interconnection revenues NO

Revenues from resellers and mobile virtual operators YES

VAT and excise taxes NO YES Corporate taxes and administrative fees, e.g. numbering fees (not to be deducted from total revenues) Revenues from device sales and rents NO

Revenues from added value services, e.g. premium SMS YES

© ITU 2014 Indicator 59: Revenue fromCommitted all to Connecting the World telecommunication services (i75) Revenue from all telecommunication services refers to revenue earned from retail fixed- telephone, mobile-cellular, Internet and data services offered by telecommunication operators (both network and virtual) providing services within the country during the financial year under review. It includes retail revenues earned from the transmission of TV signals, but excludes revenues from TV content creation. Revenue (turnover) consists of retail telecommunication service earnings (therefore excluding wholesale revenues, such as interconnection revenues) during the financial year under review. Revenues from device sales and rents,

Indicator 64: Revenue from mobile networks (i741)

Revenue from mobile services refers to retail revenue earned from the provision of mobile-cellular services, including all voice, SMS and data (narrowband and broadband), offered by mobile operators (both network and virtual) providing services within the country during the financial year under review.

Revenues from value-added services (e.g. premium SMS) should be included. Wholesale revenues, such as mobile termination rates, should be excluded. Revenues from device sales and rents, VAT and excise taxes should also be excluded. 54 © ITU 2014 Committed to Connecting the World Indicator 71: Annual investment in telecommunication services (i81) Annual investment in telecommunication services refers to the investment during the financial year made by entities providing telecommunication networks and/or services (including fixed, mobile and Internet services, as well as the transmission of TV signals) for acquiring or upgrading fixed assets (usually referred to as CAPEX), less disinvestment owing to disposals of fixed assets, within the country.

Fixed assets should include tangible assets, such as buildings and networks, and non-tangible assets, such as computer software and intellectual property. 55 © ITU 2014 Investment Committed to Connecting the World Difficult to allocate • Only total investment investment to services • Definition of investment ≈ gross fixed capital formation (as in SNA) investment made by entities providing telecommunication networks and/or services (including fixed, mobile and Internet services, as well as the transmission of TV signals) for acquiring or upgrading fixed assets (usually referred to as CAPEX) less disinvestment owing to disposals of fixed assets, within the country.

Investment

INCLUDED

Additions less disposals of tangible fixed assets YES

Additions less disposals of intangible fixed assets YES

Investment from national‐owned operators in the country YES

Investment from foreign‐owned operators in the country YES

Investment from national‐owned operators outside the country NO

Licence fees NO

R&D expenditures YES

Current discussions in the EGTI

. International Internet bandwidth

. Indicators on bundled telecommunication services

. Separation of subscription data on (a) individuals and (b) public and private organizations

. M2M and LTE indicators