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LEE HAU SHIK Ahli Perniagaan Dan Tokoh Politik TUN SIR HENRY LEE HAU SHIK Ahli Perniagaan dan Tokoh Politik TUN SIR HENRY LEE HAU SHIK Ahli Perniagaan dan Tokoh Politik TAN MIAU ING Diterbitkan oleh Penerbit Universiti Malaya Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia www.umpress.com.my CERTIFIED TO ISO 9001:2008 CERT. NO. :AR 2760 Ahli Pengasas Persatuan Penerbit Buku Malaysia (MABOPA) No. 196906 Ahli Pengasas Majlis Penerbitan llmiah Malaysia (MAPIM) ©. Tan Miau Ing, 2018 Semua hak terpelihara. Tiada mana-mana bahagian jua daripada penerbitan ini boleh diterbitkan semula atau disimpan dalam bentuk yang boleh diperoleh semula atau disiarkan dalam sebarang bentuk dengan apa cara sekali pun termasuk elektronik, mekanikal, fotokopi, rakaman atau Iain-lain tanpa mendapat izin daripada Penerbit. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Data Pengkatalogan-dalam-Penerbitan Tan Miau Ing, Tun Sir Henry Lee Hau Shik Ahli Perniagaan Dan Tokoh Politik / Tan Miau Ing. (eds.) ISBN: 978-967-488-006-4 1. Lee, Henry H.S, - Tun Sir, - 1900-1988. 2. Politicians-Malaysia-Biography. 3. Statesmen--Malaysia--Biography. 4. Businessmen-Malaysia-Biography. 5. Malaya-History. I. Judul. 959.505092 Dicetak oleh Penerbit Universiti Malaya Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Kandungan Senarai Rajah dan Peta ix Senarai Jadual xi Senarai Gambar xiii Prakata xvii Nota Penjelasan xix Senarai Singkatan xxiii Pengenalan 1 Kajian Sejarah Tentang H.S. Lee 3 Pembahagian Bab 9 1 Latar Belakang Keluarga dan Kehidupan H. S. Lee sehingga 15 1924 Budaya Keluarga 16 Penubuhan Kam Lun Tai 19 Pendidikan Awal yang Diterima 29 Pengalaman di Cambridge 37 2 Permulaan di Tanah Melayu, 1924-1941 49 Membina Kepentingan Perniagaannya, 1924-1928 50 Membangunkan Pengaruh Komuniti dan Politik di Selangor, 64 1929-1936 Pemimpin dalam Gerakan Anti Jepun, 1937-1941 72 V 3 Pelarian Perang di India, 1942-1945 95 Terlibat dalam Pertahanan Tanah Melayu 96 Rancangan Awal - Pergi ke China, 1942 101 Penubuhan Persatuan Cina di India, 1943 107 Komuniti Tanah Melayu di India, 1944-1945 115 4 Peralihan Orientasi Politik kepada Tanah Melayu, 1946- 133 1948 Kebangkitan Semula Sebagai Pemimpin Cina 133 Pembinaan Semula Kepentingan Perniagaan 145 Penglibatan dalam Politik Tanah Melayu 157 5 Permulaan Politik Tanah Melayu, Jun 1948-1952 177 Penubuhan MCA 179 Penglibatan dalam Darurat 189 Pembentukan Parti Perikatan (The Alliance Party) 196 6 Ke Arah Kemerdekaan, 1953-1956 215 Perancang Pemulauan Kerajaan British 216 Dalang di Belakang Pilihan Raya 1955 226 Disingkir dari MCA Selangor 231 Mewakili Tanah Melayu dalam Rundingan Kemerdekaan, 1956 235 7 Diiantik Sebagai Menteri Kewangan, April 1956-1959 249 Menteri Kewangan, 1956-1959 249 Perletakkan Jawatan, 1959 257 8 Kembali Sebagai Ahli Korporat, 1960-1988 273 Kembali Semula Sebagai Ahli Korporat, 1960-1965 273 Pengerusi Development & Commercial (D&C) Bank, 1966- 282 1985 Kesimpulan 297 Lampiran 305 vi Rujukan 313 Indeks 335 vii Senarai Rajah dan Peta Senarai Rajah Rajah 0.1: Hubungan antara Model Kapitan, Shang & Shih, 9 Realis VS Pencabar dan Model Orientasi Politik Masyarakat Cina oleh Wang (1970) Rajah 2.1: Bilangan Imigran Cina Lelaki Dewasa Mengikut 55 Pelabuhan di Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu, 1926-1937 Rajah 2.2: Bilangan Emigran Cina Lelaki Dewasa Mengikut 55 Pelabuhan di Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu, 1926-1937 Rajah 2.3: Keluaran Timah dalam Konsentrat: Dunia, Tanah 57 Melayu, Singapura dan Selangor, 1920-1941 (dalam ribu tan panjang) Rajah 2.4: Keluaran Timah dalam Konsentrat di Tanah Melayu 58 oleh Lombong Eropah dan Cina, 1929-1941 (dalam ribu tan panjang) Rajah 4.1: Harga Purata Tahunan Timah di New York, London 154 dan Singapura, 1940-1957 Rajah 8.1: Bilangan Unit yang Aktif Menghasilkan Bijih Timah 278 di Tanah Melayu, 1946-1989 (pada akhir tahun) Rajah 8.2: Untung Rugi H. S. Lee Tin Mines No.8, 1964-1987 279 Senarai Peta Peta 1: Kawasan-kawasan Utama dalam Kajian xvii Peta 2: Lokasi Xinyi di Provinsi Guangdong, China xviii ix Senarai Jadual Jadual 1.1: Peratus Taburan Eksport Utama China, 1880-1936 20 Jadual 1.2: Tempat Asal Emigran Cina di Singapura Rada Akhir 24 1900-an Atau Awal 1910-an Jadual 2.1: Tai Yau Tin Mines: Lokasi, Pemilik Tanah dan Saiz 51 Lombong Jadual 2.2: Senarai Cawangan Kam Lun Tai 52 Jadual 2.3: Harga Purata Tahunan Timah di New York, London 56 dan Singapura, 1920-1941 Jadual 2.4: Tai Yau Tin Mines: Kaedah Kerja dan Bilangan 59 Pekerja, 1928-1941 Jadual 2.5: Bilangan Orang Cina Mengikut Kumpulan Dialek 67 di Selangor Pada Tahun 1931 dan 1947 Jadual 2.6: Bilangan Pertubuhan Cina di Selangor Sehingga 70 Tahun 1942 Jadual 2.7: Persatuan dan Jawatan yang Dipegang oleh H.S. Lee 71 dalam Masyarakat Cina di Selangor Antara Tahun 1938-1941 Jadual 2.8: Ahli Jawatankuasa Tabung Bantuan China Selangor 76 1937 Jadual 2.9: Ahli Jawatankuasa Persekutuan Tabung Bantuan 78 China Laut Selatan, 1938 Jadual 2.10: Senarai Ahli Jawatankuasa Persatuan Tabung 82 Bantuan Kwangtung 1938 Jadual 3.1: Wakil-wakil Malaya Patriotic Fund cawangan 97 Selangor Jadual 3.2: Ahli Jawatankuasa Malayan Association of India 110 yang Pertama xi Jadual 3.3: Senarai Ahli Jawatankuasa Overseas Chinese 112 Association (OCA) di India Jadual 3.4: Bilangan Pelarian Perang Tanah Melayu di India, 116 Februari 1945 Jadual 4.1: Peratusan Orang Cina Mengikut Kumpulan Dialek 141 di Tanah Melayu pada tahun 1947 dan 1957 Jadual 4.2: Senarai Persatuan-persatuan Cina yang Dipimpin 142 oleh H.S. Lee Selepas Perang Jadual 4.3: Perbandingan Antara Bilangan Lombong Timah yang 148 Beroperasi in Malaya Dengan Anggaran Laporan Storke, 1941, 1946 - 1949 Jadual 4.4: Bantuan Kewangan Kepada Industri Perlombongan 148 Bijih Timah Sehingga 31 Disember 1949. Jadual 4.5: Keluaran Timah dalam Konsentrat (tan) di Tanah 149 Melayu oleh Lombong Eropah dan Cina, 1946-1957 Jadual 4.6: Senarai Lombong Bijih Timah yang Dibuka oleh H.S. 150 Lee antara tahun 1948-1957 Jadual 4.7: Senarai Persidangan Timah Antarabangsa yang 155 dihadiri oleh H.S. Lee antara 1947-1953 Jadual 6.1: Senarai Nama Empat Kumpulan Kerja 235 Jadual 7.1: Jabatan dan Subjek di bawah Kementerian Kewangan 251 1956 Jadual 8.1: Senarai Lombong Bijih Timah yang Dibuka oleh H.S. 274 Lee antara tahun 1961 -64. Jadual 8.2: Harga Purata Tahunan Timah di New York, London 275 dan Singapura, 1958-1987 Jadual 8.3: Persatuan-persatuan yang Dipengerusikan oleh Lee 281 Selepas Kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu. Jadual 8.4: Modal Berbayar, Keuntungan Sebelum Cukai, Aset 288 dan Deposit Kumpulan D&C, 1966-1984 Jadual 8.5: Senarai Ahli Lembaga Pengarah D&C Bank, 1966- 290 1984 xii Senarai Gambar Gambar 1: Bapa dan Ibu H.S. Lee, Lee Kwai Lim dan Kam Kwoo Chun Gambar 2: Isteri Pertama H.S. Lee, Dawn Kathleen Glen dan Anak Mereka, Douglas. Gambar (1923/24) Gambar 3: H.S. Lee Bersama Dengan Isteri Kedua, Kwan Choi Lin (1920/30- an) Gambar 4: H.S. Lee Bersama Ahli Keluarganya (pertengahan 1940-an). Gambar 5: Ahli Keluarga H.S. Lee (akhir 1950-an) Gambar 6: Ahli Keluarga H.S. Lee (1980-an). Gambar 7: Pelajar Baru Kolej St. John, Cambridge (1921). Gambar 8: H.S. Lee Bersama Keretanya di Cambrigde (awal 1920-an) Gambar 9: H.S. Lee (tengah) Semasa di Cambridge (awal 1920-an). Gambar 10: Kam Lun Tai Cawangan Xiying, China (26 Feb 1929) Gambar 11: Gambar kumpulan di luar Selangor Hokkien Association bersama dengan Dr Lim Boon Keng, iaitu Pengetua Universiti Amoy semasa beliau melawat Kuala Lumpur pada awal tahun 1935. Gambar 12: Iklan The Malayan Chinese Daily News di mana H.S. Lee adalah Deputy Managing Director Gambar 13: Ahli Jawatankuasa Persekutuan Tabung Bantuan China Laut Selatan, 1938 Gambar 14: Pegawai Air Raid Precautions Bahagian Selatan Kuala Lumpur, 23 November 1941 Gambar 15: Surat Pelantikan H.S. Lee Sebagai Canselor Majlis Hal Ehwal Orang Cina Seberang Laut, 19 Mei 1943. Gambar 16: Sijil Tentera H.S. Lee yang Dikeluarkan oleh Jeneralisimo Chiang Kai Shek yang bertarikh 12 Ogos 1943 xiii Gambar 17: H.S. Lee Berpakaian Uniform Tentera Gambar 18: The Baroda Open Golf Tournament 1945 Gambar 19: Majlis Mengalu-alukan Kepulangan H.S. Lee di Dewan Perhimpunan Cina Selangor, 24 November 1945 Gambar 20: Majlis Perpisahan Pegawai Perhubungan yang Dihantar oleh Negara China di bawah Perintah Jeneral Komander Pasukan Persekutuan Asia Tenggara Gambar 21: Mesyuarat Wakil-wakil Dewan Perniagaan Cina dari Seluruh Tanah Melayu di Kuala Lumpur, 19 Oktober 1946 Gambar 22: Lembaga Pengarah dan Pekerja Dewan Perniagaan Cina Selangor yang Diambil semasa Perayaan Ulang Tahun Ke-50, 7 Februari 1955 Gambar 23: Mesyuarat Agung Gabungan Persatuan-persatuan Kwangtung Malaya ke-9, 19 Jun 1955 Gambar 24: Orang Cina di Selangor Mengalu-alukan Ketibaan Konsul Jeneral China Wu Pak Sing, 4 Mei 1946 Gambar 25: Orang Cina dan Persatuan-persatuan Cina di Selangor Mengalu-alukan Ketibaan Konsul China, Xu Meng Xiong, 25 Mac 1946 Gambar 26: Meraikan Hari Kebangsaan China (Double Ten Day) di Selangor Chinese Assembly Hall. Gambar 27: H.S. Lee Menghadiri Upacara Tamat Pengajian Outward Bound School pada 6 November 1962 Gambar 28: Majlis Menandatangani Perjanjian Kemerdekaan di Lancaster House London pada 8 Februari 1956 di mana H.S. Lee duduk di sebelah Tunku Abdul Rahman dan kedua dari kiri adalah Alan T. Lennox -Boyd, Secretary of State for the Colonies Gambar 29: Gambar 29: Yang di-Pertuan Agong menghadiri majlis perkahwinan Dr Violet Lee, iaitu anak perempuan H.S. Lee di rumah Lee di Golf View Road, Kuala Lumpur pada 18 Jan 1958. Gambar 30: Gambar 30: H.S. lee berucap semasa ulang tahun ke-10 MCA pada 1 Mac 1959. Gambar 31: H.S. Lee sebagai Menteri Kewangan, Menaikan Langkahnya ke Dewan Perundangan Persekutuan untuk Mengumumkan Perbelanjawan Baru, 7 November 1956 Gambar 32: H.S. Lee Memberi Ucapan Semasa Perasmian Bank Negara pada 26 Januari 1959.
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