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Military History Operations ATP 1-20 Military History Operations June 2014 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/index.html). To receive publishing updates, please subscribe at http://www.apd.army.mil/AdminPubs/new_subscribe.asp. *ATP 1-20 (FM 1-20) Army Techniques Publication Headquarters No. 1-20 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 9 June 2014 Military History Operations Contents Page PREFACE.............................................................................................................. iii INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... v Chapter 1 THE ARMY HISTORICAL PROGRAM .............................................................. 1-1 Importance of Military History ............................................................................. 1-1 The Commander’s Responsibilities .................................................................... 1-4 Field History During Army Operations ................................................................ 1-4 Field History at Home Station ............................................................................. 1-6 Chapter 2 MILITARY HISTORY AND THE ARMY ............................................................. 2-1 The Army and the Nation .................................................................................... 2-1 The Integral Role of Military History ................................................................... 2-1 Standards of Army History .................................................................................. 2-4 Guiding Principles for Field Historians ............................................................... 2-5 Chapter 3 ORGANIZATION FOR FIELD HISTORY OPERATIONS .................................. 3-1 Field History Operations ..................................................................................... 3-1 Field History Operations Organization ............................................................... 3-1 Command and Unit Historian Duties .................................................................. 3-3 Other Army Field History Organizations ............................................................. 3-4 Other Service Historians ..................................................................................... 3-5 Chapter 4 MILITARY HISTORY DETACHMENTS ............................................................. 4-1 Military History Detachment Development ......................................................... 4-1 Military History Detachment Organization .......................................................... 4-2 Military History Detachment Employment .......................................................... 4-4 Mission Command Execution ............................................................................. 4-6 Military History Detachment Operations Planning .............................................. 4-7 Historical Collections Disposition and Reporting ................................................ 4-7 Military History Detachment Support Requirements .......................................... 4-8 Military History Detachment Mission .................................................................. 4-8 Chapter 5 HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS AND REPORTS ............................................... 5-1 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *This publication supersedes FM 1-20, dated 3 February 2003. i Contents Historical Collections and Reporting ................................................................... 5-1 Historical Documentation .................................................................................... 5-1 Oral Interviews and Histories .............................................................................. 5-4 Historical Artifacts ............................................................................................... 5-5 Historical Reports and Publications .................................................................... 5-5 Records Management ......................................................................................... 5-7 Chapter 6 FIELD HISTORY PLANNING ............................................................................. 6-1 The Operations Process ..................................................................................... 6-1 The Military Decisionmaking Process ................................................................. 6-2 Field History Operations Planning ...................................................................... 6-3 Collection Plan .................................................................................................... 6-5 Assessment ......................................................................................................... 6-6 Appendix A ACCESS AGREEMENT FOR ORAL HISTORY MATERIALS ......................... A-1 Appendix B ANNUAL COMMAND HISTORY ....................................................................... B-1 Appendix C COMMAND REPORT ........................................................................................ C-1 Appendix D OPERATIONS DATA REPORT FORMAT ........................................................ D-1 Appendix E HISTORICAL ANNEX TO OPERATIONS PLAN AND ORDER ....................... E-1 GLOSSARY .......................................................................................... Glossary-1 REFERENCES .................................................................................. References-1 INDEX ......................................................................................................... Index-1 Figures Figure 1-1. Decisive action .................................................................................................... 1-5 Figure 4-1. Structure of MHD Team A ................................................................................... 4-3 Figure 4-2. Structure of MHD Team B ................................................................................... 4-4 Figure 4-3. Structure of MHD Team C ................................................................................... 4-4 Figure 4-4. Notional deployment of MHDs ............................................................................. 4-5 Figure A-1. Sample form 7273 ............................................................................................... A-1 Figure D-1. Sample operations data report format ................................................................ D-1 Figure E-1. Sample historical operation plan format .............................................................. E-1 Tables Introductory Table-1. New Army terms ...................................................................................... v Introductory Table-2. Modified Army terms ................................................................................ v ii ATP 1-20 9 June 2014 Preface Army Techniques Publication (ATP) 1-20 discusses field history operations and provides guidance on the organization and employment of Army historians. It details the techniques and procedures for the documentation, recording, and preservation of the official history of the Army during combat and contingency operations. The principal audiences for ATP 1-20 are Army commanders, staffs, leaders, and those Soldiers and civilians assigned to historical duties. It outlines responsibilities for commanders and units and the necessary doctrinal guidance for unit historical officers (UHO), military history detachments (MHD), and other field historians to perform historical tasks across the range of military operations. ATP 1-20 helps commanders, and Army field historians assigned to them, with their responsibilities to ensure that Army operational history is captured and preserved, with particular attention to command and unit history officers and MHDs. It is applicable at all command levels of the operational Army that may deploy and perform combat and contingency operations. The doctrinal principles and procedures in this publication provide guidance and are not prescriptive. However, they reflect hard lessons learned over the course of Army history, especially when its operational history was not adequately captured or preserved. Commanders, staffs, and subordinates ensure that their decisions and actions comply with applicable United States, international, and, in some cases, host-nation laws and regulations. Commanders at all levels ensure that their Soldiers operate in accordance with the law of war and the rules of engagement. (See FM 27-10.) ATP 1-20 uses joint terms where applicable. Selected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which ATP 1-20 is the proponent publication (the authority) are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary. Definitions for which ATP 1-20 is the proponent publication are boldfaced in the text. For other definitions shown in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition. ATP 1-20 applies to the Active Army, Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated. The proponent and preparing agency for ATP 1-20 is the U.S. Army Center of Military History located at 102 4th Ave, Ft. McNair, DC,
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