A New Infra-Specific Status for Tephrocactus Geometricus (A
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What Did the First Cacti Look Like
What Did the First Cactus Look like? An Attempt to Reconcile the Morphological and Molecular Evidence Author(s): M. Patrick Griffith Source: Taxon, Vol. 53, No. 2 (May, 2004), pp. 493-499 Published by: International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4135628 . Accessed: 03/12/2014 10:33 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Taxon. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 192.135.179.249 on Wed, 3 Dec 2014 10:33:44 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions TAXON 53 (2) ' May 2004: 493-499 Griffith * The first cactus What did the first cactus look like? An attempt to reconcile the morpholog- ical and molecular evidence M. Patrick Griffith Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 N. College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, U.S.A. michael.patrick. [email protected] THE EXTANT DIVERSITYOF CAC- EARLYHYPOTHESES ON CACTUS TUS FORM EVOLUTION Cacti have fascinated students of naturalhistory for To estimate evolutionaryrelationships many authors many millennia. Evidence exists for use of cacti as food, determinewhich morphological features are primitive or medicine, and ornamentalplants by peoples of the New ancestral versus advanced or derived. -
Copyright Notice
Copyright Notice This electronic reprint is provided by the author(s) to be consulted by fellow scientists. It is not to be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research. Further reproduction or distribution of this reprint is restricted by copyright laws. If in doubt about fair use of reprints for research purposes, the user should review the copyright notice contained in the original journal from which this electronic reprint was made. Journal of Vegetation Science 7: 667-680, 1996 © IAVS; Opulus Press Uppsala. Printed in Sweden - Biogeographic patterns of Argentine cacti - 667 Species richness of Argentine cacti: A test of biogeographic hypotheses Mourelle, Cristina & Ezcurra, Exequiel Centro de Ecología, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-275, 04510 - Mexico, D.F., Mexico; Fax +52 5 6228995; E-mail [email protected] Abstract. Patterns of species richness are described for 50 cacti and (e) pereskioid cacti. Columnar species have columnar, 109 globose and 50 opuntioid cacti species in 318 column-like stems with ribs, formed by an arrangement grid cells (1°×1°) covering Argentina. Biological richness of the areoles in longitudinal rows. These species have hypotheses were tested by regressing 15 environmental parallel vascular bundles, separated by succulent paren- descriptors against species richness in each group. We also chyma, sometimes fusing towards a woody base in the included the collection effort (estimated as the logarithm of the number of herbarium specimens collected in each cell) to adults. We broadly considered as columnar cacti: estimate the possible error induced by underrepresentation in candelabriform arborescent species, unbranched erect certain cells. -
S2.3 Zimmermann Bloemfontein Talk Jan 2015
2015/02/15 Opuntioideae:Countries where serious GLOBAL INVASIONS OF OPUNTIOIDEAE: ARE THERE SOLUTIONS FOR THEIR CONTROL invasions have been recorded WITHOUT A CONFLICT OF INTEREST? HELMUTH ZIMMERMANN Genus Countries of introduction and where invasive Austrocylindropuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Spain Cylindropuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Israel, Spain Kenya, Zimbabwe. Botswana, Namibia. Opuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Ethiopia, Yemen, Ghana, Tanzania, Angola, India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mauritius, Hawaii, Canary Islands, Saudi Arabia, Reunion, Spain, Angola, Tephrocactus South Africa. Australia? Cumulopuntia Australia Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica Examples of invasions: Austrocylindropuntia A. subulata South Africa Australia Opuntioideae: Countries where serious Cylindropuntia. C. fulgida var. fulgida invasions have been recorded South Africa Genus Countries of introduction and where invasive Austrocylindropuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Spain Cylindropuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Israel, Spain Opuntia Australia, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Ethiopia, Yemen, Ghana, Tanzania, Angola, India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mauritius, Hawaii, Canary Islands, Saudi Arabia, Reunion, Spain, Angola. Tephrocactus South Africa. Australia? Cumulopuntia Australia 1 2015/02/15 Cylindropuntia. C. fulgida var. fulgida Cylindropuntia. C. fulgida var. mamillata Zimbabwe Australia Cylindropuntia: C. pallida (Australia) Cylindropuntia: C. pallida : South Africa Cylindropuntia: C. spinosior (Australia) Total number of Opuntioideae that have been listed as invasive at a global level. Genera in the Number of Number of Opuntioideae species invasive species Austrocylindropuntia 11 2 Cylindropuntia 33 8 Opuntia 181 25 Tephrocactus 6 1 Cumulopuntia 20 1 2 2015/02/15 Opuntia: O. stricta var. stricta Opuntia: O. humifusa Ghana (South Africa) Ethiopia Opuntia: O. aurantiaca (South Africa/Australia) Opuntia: O. salmiana (South Africa) Opuntia: O. -
Experimental Hybridization of Northern Chihuahuan Desert Region Opuntia (Cactaceae) M
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 20 | Issue 1 Article 6 2001 Experimental Hybridization of Northern Chihuahuan Desert Region Opuntia (Cactaceae) M. Patrick Griffith Sul Ross State University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Griffith, M. Patrick (2001) "Experimental Hybridization of Northern Chihuahuan Desert Region Opuntia (Cactaceae)," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 20: Iss. 1, Article 6. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol20/iss1/6 Aliso, 20( IJ, pp. 37-42 © 200 I, by The Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden. Claremont. CA 9171 1-3157 EXPERIMENTAL HYBRIDIZATION OF NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT REGION OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) M. PATRICK GRifFITH Biology Department Sui Ross State University Alpine, Tex. 79832 1 ABSTRACT Possible natural hybridization amo ng II taxa of Opuntia sensu stricto was inve stig ated in the nonhero Chihuahuan Desert region through the use of experimental hybr idization. Established plant s representing specific taxa gro wing in the Sui Ross State University Opuntia garden were used for all experiment s. Reciprocal crosses were made between putative parental taxa of field-observed putative hybrids. and each experimental cross analyzed for fruit and seed set, For each taxon . test s were performed to control for possible apo mictic, autogamous. and ge itonogamous seed set. Several ex perimental crosses were found to set seed in amounts expected for natural pollination events. Data gathered from the tests also provided basic information regardin g the breeding systems of the taxa inve stig ated . Data presented here provide support for several hypoth esized hybridization events amo ng Opuntia. -
Some Tephrocacti in Flower Caudiciform Plants
Essex SucculentReview Volume 51 Number 4 December 2014 The magnificent flower of Stapelia gigantea See the article on page 9 Also in this issue: Some Tephrocacti in flower by Tony Roberts Caudiciform plants by Paul Shirley British Cactus and Succulent Society – Zone 15 Newsletter Editorial Zone 15 Mini-convention 2015 Welcome to the third on-line Sunday 22 March 2015 Essex Succulent Review. As this is Christmas, more or 12.00noon to 5.00pm less, I have added a Christmas Capel Manor item to this issue – a reflection on Bullsmoor Lane the unsuitability of traditional Enfield Christmas gifts in this modern Mddx EN1 4RQ age. Nothing to do with cacti or succulents but I hope you will Bullsmoor Lane is just off J25 of the M25. find it amusing. Details of how to find it can be found on the Lea Valley Branch website www.leavalley.bcss.org.uk/contact.html Just a reminder that an on-line ‘subscription’ is completely free. Speakers Just send me an email to the Graham Charles address below and I will add you ‘Gymnocalyciums’ to the notification list. You can of course stop this at any time David Neville simply by telling me to do so. ‘Highlights of South Africa and Namibia’ And another reminder that, like all Both our speakers will bring sales plants editors, I am always keen to Tickets, to include a buffet lunch, are priced at £13.00 receive contributions, and are available from suggestions or comments. If the Eddy Harris, gloomy days of winter prompt 49 Chestnut Glen, Hornchurch, Essex RM12 4HL you to get out your keyboards Tel: 01708 447778 email [email protected] then do please feel free to The ticket also includes free entry to Capel Manor’s extensive contact me. -
South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) Lendel, Anita Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-93287 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Lendel, Anita. South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae). 2013, University of Zurich, Faculty of Science. South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) _________________________________________________________________________________ Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr.sc.nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Anita Lendel aus Kroatien Promotionskomitee: Prof. Dr. H. Peter Linder (Vorsitz) PD. Dr. Reto Nyffeler Prof. Dr. Elena Conti Zürich, 2013 Table of Contents Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 1. Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the tribe Cereeae s.l., with particular focus 15 on the subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae – Cactoideae) Chapter 2. Floral evolution in the South American tribe Cereeae s.l. (Cactaceae: 53 Cactoideae): Pollination syndromes in a comparative phylogenetic context Chapter 3. Contemporaneous and recent radiations of the world’s major succulent 86 plant lineages Chapter 4. Tackling the molecular dating paradox: underestimated pitfalls and best 121 strategies when fossils are scarce Outlook and Future Research 207 Curriculum Vitae 209 Summary 211 Zusammenfassung 213 Acknowledgments I really believe that no one can go through the process of doing a PhD and come out without being changed at a very profound level. -
Tephrocactus
THE SUBGENUS TEPHROCACTUS O. darwinii Fig. 1. A historical survey with notes on cultivation by Gilbert Leighton-Boyce and James Iliff Published by the Succulent Plant Trust 63 The Drive, Morden, Surrey, England Copyright © G. G. Leighton-Boyce and James Iliff, 1973 Printed in Great Britain by Smart & Co. (Printers) Ltd., Brackley, Northants. ILLUSTRATIONS The photographs in this book were taken by S. L. Cooke, R. F. S. Dale, James Iliff, Gilbert Leighton-Boyce, Mrs. B. Maddams and Colin Waldeck. The reproduction of the Henslow drawing (engraved by Lizars) of O. darwinii is by courtesy of the Kew Herbarium, and the reproduction of Sanzin’s drawings of O. platyacantha and O. ovata is by courtesy of the British Museum (Natural History). The illustration of a plant near O. sphaerica was specially drawn for this book by Celia Palmer, and that of O. platyacantha (Fig. 77) by James Iliff. THE SUB-GENUS TEPHROCACTUS A historical survey with notes on cultivation by Gilbert Leighton-Boyce and James Iliff The Succulent Plant Trust 1973 CONTENTS page Preface and Acknowledgements … … … … … … 1 Introduction … … … … … … … … … 2 How the Tephrocacti got their name … … … … … … 2 The Lemaire Position … … … … … … … … 3 The Main 19th Century Foundation … … … … … … 3 Later and Greater Confusions … … … … … … … 4 The Historical Approach … … … … … … … 5 How to cultivate the plants … … … … … … … 7 The plants discussed in detail … … … … … … … 8 Illustrations: (Figs. 1-76) … … … … … … … … 10 O. floccosa group … … … … … … … … 44 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 46 O. pentlandii group … … … … … … … … 46 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 52 O. glomerata group … … … … … … … … 52 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 62 O. diademata group … … … … … … … … 64 Summary … … … … … … … … 75 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 76 O. sphaerica group … … … … … … … … 77 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 81 O. corrugata group … … … … … … … … 82 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 84 Unassigned Plants … … … … … … … … 85 Cultivation … … … … … … … … 97 Envoi … … … … … … … … … … … 97 Postscript and Fig. -
Molecular Phylogeny and Character Evolution in Terete-Stemmed Andean Opuntias (Cactaceaeàopuntioideae) ⇑ C.M
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (2012) 668–681 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Molecular phylogeny and character evolution in terete-stemmed Andean opuntias (CactaceaeÀOpuntioideae) ⇑ C.M. Ritz a, ,1, J. Reiker b,1, G. Charles c, P. Hoxey c, D. Hunt c, M. Lowry c, W. Stuppy d, N. Taylor e a Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, D-02826 Görlitz, Germany b Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute of Botany, Department of Systematic Botany, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 38, D-35392 Gießen, Germany c International Organization for Succulent Plant Study, c/o David Hunt, Hon. Secretary, 83 Church Street, Milborne Port DT9 5DJ, United Kingdom d Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew & Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, United Kingdom e Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569, Singapore article info abstract Article history: The cacti of tribe Tephrocacteae (Cactaceae–Opuntioideae) are adapted to diverse climatic conditions Received 22 November 2011 over a wide area of the southern Andes and adjacent lowlands. -
Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 5. Early Diverging Superasteridae
Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 5. Early Diverging Superasteridae (Berberidopsidales, Caryophyllales, Cornales, Ericales, and Santalales) Plus Dilleniales Author(s): Ying Yu, Alexandra H. Wortley, Lu Lu, De-Zhu Li, Hong Wang and Stephen Blackmore Source: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 103(1):106-161. Published By: Missouri Botanical Garden https://doi.org/10.3417/2017017 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3417/2017017 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/ page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non- commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM Ying Yu,2 Alexandra H. Wortley,3 Lu Lu,2,4 POLLEN. 5. EARLY DIVERGING De-Zhu Li,2,4* Hong Wang,2,4* and SUPERASTERIDAE Stephen Blackmore3 (BERBERIDOPSIDALES, CARYOPHYLLALES, CORNALES, ERICALES, AND SANTALALES) PLUS DILLENIALES1 ABSTRACT This study, the fifth in a series investigating palynological characters in angiosperms, aims to explore the distribution of states for 19 pollen characters on five early diverging orders of Superasteridae (Berberidopsidales, Caryophyllales, Cornales, Ericales, and Santalales) plus Dilleniales. -
Opuntia Farm in Syria by Fouad Shalghin
Vol. 57, No. 3 May-June 2020 Opuntia Farm in Syria www.hcsstex.org by Fouad Shalghin 1 Vol. 57, No. 3 May-June 2020 From the editor Karla Halpaap-Wood I want to thank everybody who contributed to this issue of the KK, especially Chaden Yafi for her interesting article. My big thanks goes also to Irwin Lightstone from NTCSS for introducing me to Zoom meetings and being very helpful with practical advice. MEMBERSHIP KATHY FEWOX & JULY OLSON Due to coronavirus social distancing, both the March and April meetings at the Metropolitan Multi-Service Center had to be cancelled. So was everything fun we had planned for this part of the year. Big Bend field trip, open gardens, Spring Sale, potting party — all gone with the pandemic. However, as disappointed as we all were, it had to be done. Nobody wants to become ill, or cause someone else to get sick. On the bright side, the April membership meeting was held via Zoom. Twelve members took part. We did not have an official program but three plants of the month were presented, one from March when the meeting was cancelled and the two plants from April. Presentations were very nice and pictures and plants could be seen clearly. Sadly, two members of the club recently lost loved ones. David Van Langen’s father, Burk, passed away on April 28, only a few months after David’s mother’s death. After an eight-year-long illness, starting with cancer and most recently vascular dementia, Liliana Cracraft’s mother Maria Angelica Treviño (Keka) passed away on March 2. -
Cactology V (Suppl I)
Supplementum to Cactology V (2014) 18 May 2015 GENERA NOVA ET COMBINATIONES NOVAE IN CACTACEIS AUSTROAMERICANIS AD SUBFAMILIAM OPUNTIOIDEAE K. SCHUMANN SPECTANTIBUS IV Mortolopuntia Guiggi gen. nov. Diagnosis: differs from Opuntia Mill. sensu stricto by its solitary, cylindrical trunk with tuberous base; primary segments normally with indeterminate growth, initially cylindrical but at maturity flattened, lingulate, lanceolate or elliptic, unsymmetrical, sometimes twisted, rarely with secondary, globose, spreading branches; fruit with dense, woolly areoles; seed tortuous with strongly recurved lateral ridges; pollen not reticulate. Typus generis: Mortolopuntia schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber) Guiggi [= Opuntia schickendantzii F.A.C.Weber]. Etymologia: named in honour of La Mortola, an alternative name for the Hanbury Botanical Gardens referring to its locality, where this plant was cultivated at the time when Alwin Berger was its curator (Berger, 1912: 235). Distributio: south- western South America, at 1000-3000 m. Mortolopuntia schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber) Guiggi comb. nov. Basionymus: Opuntia schickendantzii F.A.C.Weber, in Bois, Dict. Hort. 898 (1898). Typus: not indicated (Iliff, 2002: 227, fide K. Schumann, 1898: 688), supposedly Argentina, Tucumán-Salta border, sine data, F. Schickendantz s.n., non servatus. Neotypus hic designatus: ex cult hort. Mortolensi, 11 VI 1905, legit A. Berger s.n. [HMGBH, fl]. Synonymi: Salmiopuntia schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber) Frič, in Kreuzinger, Verzeichn. americ. and. Sukk. 41 (1935), nom. inval. (cfr. ICN Art. 35.1, McNeill et al., 2012); Cylindropuntia schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber) Backeberg, in Backeberg & F.M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC 122. 1935 (1936); Austrocylindropuntia schickendantzii (F.A.C.Weber ) Backeberg, in Cact. Succ. J. -
Rethinking Phylogenetics Using Caryophyllales (Angiosperms), Matk Gene and Trnk Intron As Experimental Platform
Rethinking phylogenetics using Caryophyllales (angiosperms), matK gene and trnK intron as experimental platform Sunny Sheliese Crawley Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Biological Sciences Khidir W. Hilu Eric P. Beers Carla V. Finkielstein Jill C. Sible December 2, 2011 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: (phylogeny, missing data, caryophyllids, trnK intron, matK, RNA editing, gnetophytes) Copyright 2011, Sunny Sheliese Crawley Rethinking phylogenetics using Caryophyllales (angiosperms), matK gene and trnK intron as experimental platform Sunny Sheliese Crawley ABSTRACT The recent call to reconstruct a detailed picture of the tree of life for all organisms has forever changed the field of molecular phylogenetics. Sequencing technology has improved to the point that scientists can now routinely sequence complete plastid/mitochondrial genomes and thus, vast amounts of data can be used to reconstruct phylogenies. These data are accumulating in DNA sequence repositories, such as GenBank, where everyone can benefit from the vast growth of information. The trend of generating genomic-region rich datasets has far outpaced the expasion of datasets by sampling a broader array of taxa. We show here that expanding a dataset both by increasing genomic regions and species sampled using GenBank data, despite the inherent missing DNA that comes with GenBank data, can provide a robust phylogeny for the plant order Caryophyllales (angiosperms). We also investigate the utility of trnK intron in phylogeny reconstruction at relativley deep evolutionary history (the caryophyllid order) by comparing it with rapidly evolving matK. We show that trnK intron is comparable to matK in terms of the proportion of variable sites, parsimony informative sites, the distribution of those sites among rate classes, and phylogenetic informativness across the history of the order.