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An Annotated Bibliography of Medical Mycology in Iraq: 1962 -2021

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An Annotated Bibliography of Medical Mycology in Iraq: 1962 -2021 Microbial Biosystems 6(1) (2021) 2021.1035 Bibliography 10.21608/mb.2021.90064.1035 Contents lists available at Egyptian Knowledge Bank Microbial Biosystems Journal homepage: http://mb.journals.ekb.eg/ An annotated bibliography of medical mycology in Iraq: 1962 -2021 Anaam F. Hussain1, Huda R. Hashim2, Teroj A. Mohamed3*, Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem4* 1Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Diyala University, Iraq 2Biology Department, College of Science, University of Al-Muthanna, Iraq 3Department of Dental Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Iraq. 4Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history Received 10 August 2021 One of the gaps in knowledge concerning diversity of fungi in Iraq is Received revised 25 August 2021 checklists and documentation of fungal data. For a country like Iraq no Accepted 25 August 2021 updated checklists of fungi at all or any mycological bibliographic studies Avaliable online 25 August 2021 up till now. We decided in our newly born Iraqi Mycologists’ Network to © Hussain et al., 2021 start a long road for documentation of fungi in Iraq by all available means. By screening of available sources of information (websites, dissertations, Corresponding Editor: A. M. G. Darwish theses, journals), it was possible to figure out a range of four hundred and B. A. Balbool fifty-five articles published since 1962 in Iraq collected from various sources all dealing with some phase of medical mycology. The value of this Keywords bibliography to students, researchers and medical mycologists in Iraq and Antifungal, Aspergillosis world-wide in this field is self-evident. It should be mentioned here that, Candida albicans although the present study will add some new data to our information Dermatophytes, Malassezia concerning medical mycology in Iraq; it must be considered as a provisional Mucoromycosis, Nanoparticles one always waiting for continuous supplementation. Published by Arab Society for Fungal Conservation Introduction Information about medical mycology in Iraq are very huge decades (2011-2021) are came first by accommodating 320 but never been the target of any bibliographic studies studies, while the two decades of 1960-1980 came at last before in which this one considered the pioneer. Based on by recording only 20 studies. Some references re-edited the data collected from previous studies as well as due to scientifically spelling mistakes and they are few. information obtained from web sites, dissertations, Some theses were in Arabic, and we were just translated published papers, patents, textbooks and compilations of the title. It should be mentioned here that, although the medical mycology in Iraq previously introduced by several present study will add some new references to our investigators it can be deduced that the number of information concerning medical mycology in Iraq, this references of medical mycology in Iraq up to the present bibliography can be considered as a provisional one that time is nearly about 455. needs continuous supplementation. For the ease of reference, studies were sorted out into four main groups since 1960. Studies in the last two * Corresponding author [email protected] (Teroj A. Mohamed)- [email protected] (Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem) Hussain et al. 2021 Microbial Biosystems 6(1)-2021 Number of Studies a number of prolific individual medical mycologists. The number of published and unpublished studies of Data concerning medically important taxa showed that medical mycology in Iraq in each decade since 1960, as Candida came first be recorded 86 entries out of 455 while recorded in our extensive survey, shows three distinct genus Aspergillus recorded 24 and genus Penicillium recorded 3 entries only. phases (Fig. 1): an ascending phase in which progress was This extensive survey which will add new data for the very slow in the 1960s to 1990s, a steep phase as different first time to our information concerning medical mycology types of studies and molecular identification came into in Iraq must be considered as a provisional one always general use in the 1990s to 2010s, and then sudden increase waiting for continuous supplementation from all from the 2010s to the present day. The partially higher researchers and medical mycologists. figures in the last decade reflect continuing exploration and Fig 1. Numbers of newly introduced medical mycology studies in Iraq for each year from 1960 to 2021 based on data from extensive survey during this study. BIBLIOGRAPHY 5. Rahim, G.F., 1966. A survey of fungi causing tinea 1960-1980 capitis in Iraq. Br J Derm 78, 213–218. 1. Akrawi, F., Rassam, R. H., 1962. Species of fungi https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12207.x which cause ringworm of the scalp in Iraq with a 6. Rahim, G.F., 1967. Favus infection in Iraq. Presented study of the action of griseofulvin on them in vitro. at the XIII Congressus Internationalis Dermatologiae, J. Fac. Med. Baghdad.4,1-3. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Munchen, Germany, pp. 837– 2. Bank, H., Shibolet, S., Gilat, T., Altmann, G., Heller, H., 839. 1962. Mucormycosis of Head and Neck Structures. Br 7. Randhawa, H.S., 1970. Occurrence of histoplasmosis Med J 1, 766–768. in Asia. Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata 41, 3. Damluji, S.F., Kotta, E.A., 1964. A Survey of 75–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02051485 Histoplasmin Sensetivity in Iraq. Bull World Health Org 8. Al-Hamdani, M., Salmo, N.A.M., Hadi, A.W. A. R., 30, 595–599. 1973. Chromomycosis of the skin: first case report in 4. Rahim, G.F., 1965. Treatment of tinea capitis: a report Iraq. Int J Dermatol 12, 354–357. on the use of a new antibiotic, griseofulvin. Journal of https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1973.tb00220.x the Faculty of Medicine, Baghdad 7, 21-26. 12 Hussain et al. 2021 Microbial Biosystems 6(1)-2021 9. Spencer H., Salfelder K., 1973.Tropical Mycotic 23. Abdullah, B.A., 1983. Atopic allergy to some prevalent Diseases. In: Tropical Pathology. Spezielle fungi in Mosul: Correlation between total serum IGE pathologische Anatomie (Ein Lehr- und label, skin test reactivity and percentage of eosinophils Nachschlagewerk), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (MSc Thesis). College of Medicine, University of 8,127-212. Mosul, Iraq. 10. Tainsh, A.R., 1975. Primary and secondary 24. Gabal, M.A., Hassan, F.K., Siad, A.A., Karim, K.A., mycotoxicosis. International Journal of Environmental 1983. Study of equine histoplasmosis farciminosi and Studies 8, 177–181. characterization of Histoplasma farciminosum. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207237508709730 Sabouraudia: Journal of Medical and Veterinary 11. Ghani, H.M., Yehia, M.M., 1977. Isolation of Mycology 21, 121–127. Cryptococcus neoformans from pigeon droppings in https://doi.org/10.1080/00362178385380191 Mosul [Iraq]. Mosul. Ann. Col. Med. Mosul, 8, 111- 25. Hay, R.J., Campbell, C.K., Marshall, W.M., Rees, B.I., 114. Pincott, J., 1983. Disseminated zygomycosis 12. Al-Omar L. Sh., 1978. Relationship between Herpes (mucormycosis) caused by Saksenaea vasiformis. simplex and Candida albicans in female urogenital Journal of Infection 7, 162–165. tract infections (MSc Thesis). Collage of Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-4453(83)90695-3 University of Baghdad, Iraq. 26. Macdonald, E., Smith, E.B., 1984. The geography of 13. Gummer, A.S., Guirges, S.Y., 1978. Survey of the dermatophytes. Dermatologic Clinics 2, 85–91. aetiological agents of fungal infections of skin. J . Fac. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8635(18)30992-6 Med. Baghdad 20, 19–29. 27. Sharquie, K., Al-Zubaidi, K., 1985. Microsporum canis 14. Philpot, C.M., 1978. Geographical distribution of the in Iraq. Saudi Medical Journal 6, 248-250. dermatophytes: a review. J Hyg (Lond) 80, 301–313. 28. Khider, M., 1985. Candida species and other 15. Abdel-Karim, A.M., Hassan, F. K., Milligy, M., Zahid, Microorganisms isolated from female Genital tract N.R., 1979. Soil of animal enclosures as reservoir of infection (MSc Thesis). College of Medicine, fungal infections with special reference to the effect of University of Baghdad. some disinfectants on the infected soil. The Iraqi J. Vet. 29. Al-Deen, I. H. S., Twaij, H.A.A., Al-Badr, A.A., Med,.3 Istarabadi, T.A.W., 1987. Toxicologic and 16. Al Dubooni, H.M., 1979. Epdimio-Clinical studies of histopathologic studies of Pleurotus ostreatus Cryptococcus neoformans in Mosul and vicinity (MSc mushroom in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 21, Thesis). College of Medicine, University of Mosul, 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378- Iraq. 8741(87)90105-X 17. AL-Zubaidi, K.A., 1979. Histopathology and serology 30. Guirges, S.Y., Al-Waili, N.S., 1987. Blastocystis of Candida albicans infection (MSc Thesis). hominis: evidence for human pathogenicity and University of Baghdad, Iraq. effectiveness of metronidazole therapy. Clin Exp 18. Al-Doory, Y., 1980. Laboratory medical mycology. Pharmacol Physiol 14, 333–335. Philadelphia, Lea and Febiger, 410 pp. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb00979.x 19. Al-Tikriti, S.K., Al-Salihi, M., Gaillard, G.E., 1980. 31. Mawlud, A. O., 1988. A survey of superficial fungal Pollen and mold survey of Baghdad, Iraq. Annals of infections of skin (Diploma Thesis). College of Allergy 45, 97–99. Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq. 20. Yehia, M.M., 1980. Studies on dermatophytes in Mosul 32. Ali, T.M., 1990. Tinea capitis: Clinical and and vicinity (MSc Thesis). College of Medicine, mycological study (MSc Thesis). College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Iraq. University of Baghdad, Iraq. 33. Yazachi, M., Al Bassam, Th. A., 1990. 1981-2000 Dermatomycosis in Iraq. Journal of the Faculty of 21. AL-Bakri, A.M., 1981. Mycological study of Medicine-Baghdad. 32, 431–47. vulvovaginal candidiasis In Mosul (MSc Thesis). 34. Yehia, M.M., al-Habib, H.M., Shehab, N.M., 1990.
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