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ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 International Olympic Committee London International Model United Nations 18th Session | 2017 Table of Content 1 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 Table of Contents Letter from the Chairs .............................................................................................. p. 3 Introduction to the Committee ............................................................................. pp.4-5 Introduction to topic A .......................................................................................... pp.6-7 History of the problem ........................................................................................ pp.8-10 Main issues ..................................................................................................................... Universal standards for the Host Cities ...................................................... pp.11-14 Future of the Olympics .............................................................................. pp.14-16 Doping ....................................................................................................... pp.16-18 Diversity and Inclusion ............................................................................ pp.18-21 Bloc Positions ........................................................................................................ p. 22 Question a Resolution Must Answer ...................................................................... p.23 Sources............................................................................................................... pp.24-26 The Bidding Process .......................................................................................... pp.27-29 2 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 Dear Delegates, Welcome to the International Olympic Committee. My name is Yeva and I currently doing Graduate Diploma in Law at University of Law. I have previously obtained BSc in International Relations and History from LSE. LIMUN will be my 19th MUN conference. I have previously been a Secretary- General, chair and a delegate at various Model UN conferences. I am looking forward to LIMUN because of the high level debate that you can expect from the largest conference in Europe. I am especially excited about the bidding process that we will have during the committee sessions and I hope the practical application of your research of issues surrounding the Olympics will help you to better understand the process. If you have any questions feel free to contact us on the following email: [email protected] Dear delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the International Olympic Committee! My name is Florian, I am French and I am currently in my third year of my bachelor in International Politics at King’s College London. I will attend LIMUN for the third consecutive year but the first time as a chair. LIMUN will be my tenth conference and my third one as a chair. I am looking forward to this conference as it is the first time LIMUN will run this committee and the first time I will be in a double- delegation committee, and to discuss about a mix of politics and sports, that are my two passions, with you all. I hope the study guide will be a useful base for your research, especially regarding the bidding process. Do not hesitate to contact us if you have any query! 3 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 http://www.lawinsport.com/sports-law-news/item/statement-of-the-executive-board-of-the-international- olympic-committee-on-the-wada-independent-person-report Introduction to the Committee Introduction to the committee The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the supreme authority of the Olympic Movement. Acting as a catalyst for collaboration between all parties of the Olympic family, from the National Olympic Committees (NOCs), the International Sports Federations (IFs), the Organising Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs), broadcast companies, United Nations agencies, sponsors, to the athletes, the IOC ensure success prosperity, progress and accomplishments for everyone through a broad range of businesses, tasks and plans. The IOC organises the Olympic Games every four year, of course, but also highly promotes Olympic values. According to the Olympic Charter, the role of the IOC is the: “Preparation, implementation and follow-up of decisions taken by the Session, Executive Board and President; 4 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 Preparation and follow-up of the work of all commissions; permanent liaison with the IFs, NOCs and OCOGs; Coordination of preparation for all Olympic Games; Organisation and preparation of other Olympic events; circulation of information within the Olympic Movement; Advice to candidate cities; Relations with many international governmental and non-governmental organisations dealing with, in particular, sport, education and culture; Liaison with Olympic Solidarity and implementation of many other tasks of an ongoing or ad hoc nature assigned to it by the President and the Executive Board.” 1 1 https://www.olympic.org/about-ioc-institution 5 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 Topic A: Olympic Agenda Introduction The topic of Olympic Agenda that IOC will be discussing this weekend is directly related to the Olympic Agenda 2020 which is a recommendation made by the IOC. It is often called the strategic road map of the future Olympic Movement.2 However aside from discussing some of the core ideas of the Olympic Agenda 2020, this committee will also touch upon principles of Olympism that need more attention and implementation. This committee will focus specifically on the four key areas of the Olympic Agenda: 1. Changes to the candidature process. The committee will discuss the new standards that the candidate cities and the host cities should adhere to in relation to political, economic, and environmental legacy of the games. 2 https://www.olympic.org/olympic-agenda-2020 6 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 2. Including more sports in the official list of Olympic sports and including more delegations that are able to participate 3. Protecting clean athletes and the integrity of the games through the discussions of the doping scandal 4. Protection of the fundamental principles of Olympism such as non- discrimination through the discussions of diversity and inclusion of the future Olympic Games. Finally the delegates will also have a chance to apply the Olympic Agenda 2020 through their official submissions of the bidding packs for the candidate host cities and the subsequent elections of the host cities of the Olympic Games 2024 and 2026. The further detail of the bidding process can be found at the end of the study guide 7 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 History of the Problem The main mission of the IOC is to promote Olympism and celebrate Olympic Games. In recent years the IOC has been redefining and broadening its agenda. In the interim and final reports it is clear that the IOC is trying to address the new challenges arising out of the Olympic Games such as need for the sustainability of the project and appeal of the games to the wider public. Several scandals such as the doping scandal before Rio 2016 and also controversies surrounding the bidding and candidature process have forced the IOC to redefine its agenda by highlighting some of the most important issues that the National Olympic Committee as well as the Olympic Movement in general should focus on. The candidature process for the host city remains one of the most controversial and important policy areas. In the past there have been concerns expressed against Beijing for instance for holding the Olympics because of the poor human rights record. There are also questions surrounding Rio given the poor state of the venues and unpreparedness of the city to host the Olympics. The Olympic Agenda 2020 highlighted the need to make the process cheaper and easier for the candidature cities. IOC also has the history of bribe scandals surrounding 2002 Winter Olympics. Therefore, given the history of the problem there is a need to pass universal standards for the host cities. The Olympics has evolved over time due to geopolitical instabilities, symbolised by national delegations, selected by National Olympic Committees (NOCs). There are more NOCs, 206, than UN member states. However there had been problems in the past with some NOCs, mainly for political reasons. The IOC authorised athletes to compete under the Olympic flag for the first time during the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. 14 NOCs wanted to participate to the Olympics despite their 8 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 governments' supporting the American-led boycott and competed under the Olympic flag. It can also be the case when the state is not yet recognised. At the 1992 Olympics, Macedonian athletes participated under the Olympic Banner because Macedonia did not have a NOC created at the time. At the 2016 Rio Olympics, a new kind of delegation appeared, the Refugee delegation. Athletes have marched behind the Olympic flag before, usually as a result of geopolitical conflict. Athletes from the new nations of East Timor in 2000 and South Sudan in 2012 competed under the flag because those countries’ formal Olympic committees had not yet been formed. The aim was for the group to be “a symbol of hope for refugees worldwide and bring global attention to the magnitude of the refugee crisis”, the International