Living with Flood

MALAYSIA WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FORUM 2012 “Time for Solutions” 26 & 27 NOVEMBER 2012

Living with Flood

by : Haji Abd. Mutalib bin Mat Hassan Flood Management Division, DID contents • Background

• Living with Floods – what is it,

why and what is being done

• conclusion

Flooding

• Our landscape has been formed over

thousand of years by natural processes such as floods • Flooding - rare event, not always possible to predict when, where or how big next flood will be

• Flood plains are flood ROW encroached by man

1926 1949

1971 1971 RECENT FLOODS: 2006/7 (JOHOR, KELANTAN, PAHANG, SABAH)

RECENT FLOODS: 2010 (KEDAH, PERLIS)

RECENT FLOODS: 2012 (Klang Valley)

Jalan Dang Wangi Lembah Jaya Utara, Ampang

Sg. Klang di Jalan Tun Perak Flood Mark at Kg Lembah Jaya Utara, Ampang Floods - the big picture

• The good – Fertilise the soil

– Rejuvenates ecosystem

– recharge groundwater and aquifers

• The bad – Risk to lives, cause human trauma – Financial/ Economic loss/damage – Disrupt services – Billions of RM spent on flood control

Year 2005 2006 2007* 2008* 2009* 2010 2011 Detail SABAH JOHOR JOHOR PAHANG PERLIS PERLIS PERLIS PERLIS MELAKA PAHANG KELANTAN KEDAH KEDAH PERAK KEDAH N.SEMBILAN KELANTAN TR’GANU PERAK KELANTAN SELANGOR PERAK SELANGOR N.SEMBILAN MELAKA KELANTAN TR’GANU MELAKA KELANTAN PAHANG KEDAH JOHOR TR’GANU JOHOR JOHOR STATE TR’GANU TR’GANU TR’GANU KEDAH PAHANG MELAKA KELANTAN PAHANG KELANTAN PERAK PERAK JOHOR NEGERI TR’GANU SABAH SARAWAK SARAWAK SABAH SEMBILAN PAHANG SARAWAK SARAWAK PAHANG SABAH SABAH SARAWAK SARAWAK

EVACUATION N/A 687 616 365 773 906 307 CENTER FAMILY 26,300 32,129 21,451 8216 18,321 57,094 7,782

VICTIMS 100,815 148,868 91,575 37,421 80,036 231,377 33,876

CASUALTIES 17 18 33 7 4 21 8

* Source: Social and Welfare Department (JKM) Flood Mitigation Projects

• Malaysia Plan 2-8 RM4.30 billion • Malaysia Plan 9 RM7.60 billion

• Malaysia Plan 10 RM2.10 billion (2011&2012)

Human interventions have worsen flooding situations

 Human activity influences the frequency and severity of floods.

 Extensive land clearing for agriculture

 Loss of flood plain/wetlands  Encroachment into flood plains

JABATAN PENGAIRAN DAN SALIRAN MALAYSIA

Flood Plain

12 Encroachment ‘Living with floods’ • recognizes that it is not possible to

completely eliminate floods • Climate change • Design limitations

• their negative impacts can be reduced through an understanding of flood risks and

by working towards modifying this risk-

generation process in a holistic manner • Presented to MSAN 2011

Integrated Flood Management (IFM) - a holistic, risk-based approach to flood management

• Aims at reducing the human and socio-economic losses

• Integrates land and water resources development • Includes the institutional components of flood management and

• Recognizes the stakeholder participation and cultural diversity.

‘Living with floods’

• Flood Mapping and Risk Assessment

• Policy and guidelines • Improve public awareness and

preparedness • Warning and forecasting • Capacity building and awareness programmes

• Preserve wetlands/water bodies

i. Inundation Map (historical events) ii. Flood Hazard Map (modelling, extent, depth) iii.Flood Risk Map (high, medium or low; dependant on input) Inundation map >>>National Flood Maps

Hazard map Risk map 16

• Reported flood-affected areas in Malaysia up to the year 2000

Sabah and Sarawak • Total Flood-affected area : 29,799 km2 (9%) • No of people affected : 4.819 million ~ 22% of the total 22.2 million population in Malaysia17 Peninsular Malaysia (Source: National Register of River Basin., 2003) Mah S ing Integrated Ind. Park Juta P erm ai Flor a Section 9 Botani c Damansara Reserve

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Sg Moyog Sabah Sg Muar Usage • Flood Risk Management • Emergency planning Strategies – Planning of evacuation centres

– Planning of management – Evacuation / access routes

measures – Road closures – Delineation of storage zones • Public awareness – Evaluation – Local information • Land -use planning • Private sector – Allocation of lands for – insurance development • Planning of public

infrastructures

FLOOD EVACUATION PLAN (SUNGAI JOHOR )

PUSAT PENEMPATAN BANJIR DAERAH KOTA TINGGI DAERAH KLUANG FH_ID NAMA JENIS FH_ID NAMA JENIS K1 Sek Keb Sg Telor, Kg Sg Telor Sekolah L1 SJK(C) Chin Chiang, Jln Hj Siraj, Renggam Sekolah Sek Men Agama Bandar Tenggara, Bandar K2 Sekolah L2 Sek. Keb Pekan Layang-layang Sekolah Tenggara L3 SMK Layang-layang Sekolah K3 Sek Agama Bandar Tenggara, Bandar Tenggara Sekolah L4 SJK(C) Thorburn, Ldg Ulu Remis, Layang-layang Sekolah K4 SMK Bandar Tenggara, Bandar Tenggara Sekolah L5 SJK(C) Sayong, Kg Baru, Sayong Sekolah K5 Sek Men Sains Kota Tinggi Sekolah

L6 Balai Polis Renggam Balai Polis K6 Sek Men Keb Agama Bandar Penawar Sekolah

L7 Balai Polis Layang-Layang Balai Polis K7 Sek Men Keb Bandar Penawar Sekolah K8 Surau Kg Baru Sg Mas Surau K9 Surau Kg Semanggar Luar, Kg Semanggar Surau K10 Dewan Teratai BT4, Kg Sepak Hulu Dewan K11 Klinik Desa Kg. Semangar Klinik K12 Poliklinik Komuniti Bandar Tenggara Klinik K13 Poliklinik Komuniti Bandar Mas Klinik K14 Klinik Desa Sg. Sayong Klinik DAERAH JOHOR BAHRU Refer Figure FH_ID NAMA JENIS J1 Balairaya REM, Kg Sg Berangan Balairaya Evacuation Map for J2 Sek Keb Nam Heng, Kg Sg Serai, Sg Tiram Sekolah Kota Tinggi Town J3 Dewan Raya Sg Tiram, Kg Sg Tiram Dewan J4 Balairaya Kg Paya Sg Redan, Kg Paya Balairaya J5 Balairaya Sg. Berangan, Kg Sg Berangan Balairaya AGENSI BERKAITAN DAERAH JOHOR BAHRU AGENCIES PHONE NUMBERS Pejabat Daerah Johor Bahru 07-2231963 / 07-2231963 Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Johor Bahru 07-2232222 Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Daerah 07-2243444 Jabatan Kerja Raya Daerah 07-2231557 Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Daerah 07-2220755 Pejabat RELA Daerah 07-2261785 DAERAH KLUANG AGENCIES PHONE NUMBERS Pejabat Daerah Kluang 07-7711305 Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Johor Bahru 07-7722222 Kawasan Banjio Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Daerah 07-7724444 Jabatan Kesihatan Daerah 07-7727633 Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Daerah 07-7723633 Pejabat RELA Daerah 07-7724332 Kawasan Banjir FLOOD EVACUATION PLAN FOR KOTA TINGGI Emergency Legend Contact in Emergency Floods Goods Fire Station Fire Station 07-8831444 Police Station 07-8831222 Community Hall Police Station 07-8831223 07-8836733 Hospital 07-8831221 School Hospital 07-8831320 Mosque Disaster Operation Centre Agency Flood Command 07-8893122 Clinic Centre 07-8893123 07-8893124 Road 07-8893125 Railway Water body Disaster Coordinating Council River District Social 07-8835536 Welfare Office

Ketua Kampung

Your Evacuation Centre

Sg. Johor Kota Tinggi Bridge In Case of 2007 Flood Extent

Rate of evacuation six hours after advice to evacuate

Rate of evacuation

30% 1.5 times

20%

10% 0% Those who did not Those who saw see the Hazard Map the Hazard Map

Source: ”Survey Report on Local Residents’ Reactions in the Rainstorm in Koriyama at the End of August 1998” Katada Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Gunma Univ.

Atmospheric Model-Based Rainfall and Flood Forecasting (AMRFF) • 3 River Basins-> Pahang, Kelantan dan Johor • Objective: to provide flood flow forecasting every 6 hours, with a 3 days lead-time, at hourly time increments.

Integrated Flood Forecasting and River Monitoring (IFFRM) for Klang Valley

• Objective: to give forecast for Klang River Basin 1 to 4 hours lead time.

Integrated Flood Forecasting and Warning System for Muda River Basin • Objective: to provide flood flow forecasting every 6 hours, for Sg. Muda with a 2 days lead-time, at hourly time increments.23 AWARENESS leads to BETTER PREPAREDNESS

24 Basement Car Parks

Flood proofing

Houses on stilt

Flood proofing

Properties are built higher than flood level

Flood proofing

Properties are built higher than flood level Flood proofing

Flood blocking panel

Preparedness

• Other Strategies – limit redevelopment

– eliminate new development – set aside specific water storage areas

CREATE / MAINTAIN WETLANDS / RIPARIAN ZONES ALONG RIVERS CONCLUSION

• LWF approach provides decision-makers with options to consider for flood risk reduction, complementary to existing structural and engineering measures

• Losses resulting from floods can be avoided or dramatically diminished by taking action to reduce people’s risk and vulnerability

Thank You

Bahagisn Pengurusan Banjir