A PDF COMPANION to the AUDIOBOOK CHAPTER 14 the Atonement and the Harrowing of Hell
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A PDF COMPANION TO THE AUDIOBOOK CHAPTER 14 The Atonement and the Harrowing of Hell 00-01_Jesus Theography FP.indd 243 10/7/15 10:16 AM ACCORDING TO THE SCRIPTURES Q indicates that the First Testament text is quoted in the Second Testament. Shadow Fulfillment His Sufferings Gen. 4:3–10 Heb. 11:4; Abel’s blood still speaks. 12:24 Gen. 37:11 Matt. 27:18 Joseph envied, just as Christ was Gen. 37:18–20 Matt. 12:14 Joseph and Jesus targeted for murder Gen. 37:28–29 Matt. Joseph thrown into a pit, Christ put in a 27:57–60 tomb Ex. 12:5–14 1 Cor. 5:7 Christ our Passover sacrifice Ex. 17:1–6 1 Cor. 10:4 Christ the smitten rock Lev. 16:27–28 Heb. 13:11–13 Suffered without the gate Num. 21:5–9 John 3:14–15 Serpent lifted up in wilderness Ps. 22:1 Matt. 27:46 “Why have You forsaken Me?” Ps. 22:6–8 Matt. “Let Him [God] deliver Him.” 27:39–43 Ps. 22:7 Matt. 27:35 His garments divided Ps. 22:9–13 Matt. 27:33ff. His sufferings on the cross Ps. 22:14–15 John 19:34 Christ’s heart “melting” Ps. 22:16 John 19:18 Hands and feet pierced (nlt) Ps. 22:17 Luke 23:35 His enemies stared upon Him. Ps. 22:18 Matt. 27:35Q Enemies cast lots for His garment. Ps. 31:5 Luke 23:46 “Into Your hands I commit My spirit.” Ps. 34:20 John 19:36Q None of His bones broken Ps. 35:11 Matt. False witnesses rise up. 26:59–60 Ps. 35:19 John 15:25Q Hated without cause Ps. 38:7–14 Mark 14:43ff. His sufferings and rejection Ps. 38:11 Luke 23:49Q His friends stood afar off. Ps. 41:5–9 Matt. Betrayed by a familiar friend 26:20–25 Ps. 69:1–4 John 15:25Q “They hated Me without a cause.” 00-01_Jesus Theography FP.indd 247 10/7/15 10:16 AM Shadow Fulfillment His Sufferings Ps. 69:7–8 John 7:5 A stranger to His brethren Ps. 69:9 Rom. 15:3Q Their reproaches fell on Me. Ps. 69:21 John 19:28– They gave Him vinegar to drink. 29Q Ps. 69:25 Acts 1:20Q Let his [Judas’s] habitation be desolate. Ps. 88:1–18 Luke 23 His rejection, suffering, and death Ps. 109:6–20 Matt. 26:24 Prophecy concerning Judas Iscariot Ps. 109:8 Acts 1:20Q Let another take His office. Ps. 109:25 Mark 15:29 They wagged their heads. Ps. 118:22 Acts 4:10–11Q The stone the builders rejected Isa. 50:6–7 Mark 14:65 Spat upon, buffeted, struck Isa. 52:14–15 Matt. His visage marred more than any man 27:26–35 Isa. 53:2–3 John 1:11 Despised and rejected of men Isa. 53:4 Mark Bore sickness and disease 8:16–17Q Isa. 53:7 Matt. “He opened not His mouth.” 27:12–14 Isa. 53:9 Matt. Buried in a rich man’s tomb 27:57–60 Isa. 53:12 Mark 15:27– Numbered with the transgressors 28Q Isa. 53:12 Luke 23:34 Made intercession for the transgressors Micah 5:1 Luke 22:64 They smote Him on the cheek. Zech. 11:12–13 Matt. 26:15 Thirty pieces of silver Zech. 12:10 John 19:37Q They look at Him whom they pierced. Zech. 13:6 John 20:27 Hands pierced Zech. 13:7 Matt. 26:31, The sheep were scattered. 56Q Jonah 1:17 Matt. 12:40Q In hades three days and nights 00-01_Jesus Theography FP.indd 248 10/7/15 10:16 AM Shadow Fulfillment His Glory Gen. 2:7 1 Cor. 15:45 Adam made alive from the dust Gen. 22:1–14 Heb. 11:17–19 Abraham receives back Isaac Gen. 39:1–6 Phil. 2:7–9 Joseph exalted after suffering Gen. 40:9–13, 22 1 Cor. 15:4 Chief butler restored on third day Lev. 23:10–11 1 Cor. The firstfruits of the resurrection 15:20–23 Num. 17:7–9 Heb. 9:1–5 Aaron’s dead rod budded. Ps. 2:7 Acts 13:33Q “Today I have begotten You.” Ps. 16:8–11 Acts 2:25– He will not see corruption. 32Q Ps. 30:3 Mark 16:9 “You brought my soul up from the grave.” Ps. 30:9–12 1 Cor. 15:17 What profit is My blood in death? Ps. 41:10–12 Acts 2:25–30 “Be merciful to me and raise me up.” Ps. 49:15 Acts 2:25-30 Redeem My soul from the grave. Ps. 68:18 Eph. 4:8Q He ascended and gave gifts unto men. Ps. 110:1 Acts 2:33– “Sit at My right hand.” 36Q Ps. 118:15–21 John 2:19–21 “I shall not die, but live.” Isa. 25:8 1 Cor. 15:54Q He will swallow up death in victory. Isa. 52:13 Phil. 2:9 He shall be exalted very high. Isa. 53:10 2 Tim. 2:8 He will see His offspring and prolong His days. Isa. 55:3 Acts 13:34Q He will be given the sure mercies of David. Hos. 6:1–2 Matt. 16:21 The third day He shall raise us up. 00-01_Jesus Theography FP.indd 249 10/7/15 10:16 AM Notes Introduction: The Jesus Story 1. References to “salvation history” to describe the Bible’s main theme did not arise until the seventeenth century. See H. W. Frei, “The ‘Literal Reading’ of Biblical Narrative in the Christian Tradition: Does It Stretch or Will It Break?” in Frank McConnell, ed., The Bible and the Narrative Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), 37–38. The Bible isn’t about salvation; it’s about Jesus Christ. Salvation is one of the things Christ does. But Jesus is far more than Savior. See our book Jesus Manifesto: Restoring the Supremacy and Sovereignty of Jesus Christ (Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2010) for an unfolding of that statement. 2. In this regard, this book is really an expansion of chapter 1 of Jesus Manifesto. In that chapter, we point out that Jesus is the occupation of the entire biblical canon, both First and Second Testaments. Jesus blows that point up into an entire volume. 3. For the history of the First, Second, and Third “Jesus Quests” as well as some of the most influential works in historical Jesus studies, see Craig Evans’s Life of Jesus Research: An Annotated Bibliography (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989) and Fabricating Jesus: How Modern Scholars Distort the Gospels (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Books, 2006); Martin Hengel’s The Charismatic Leader and His Followers (New York: Crossword, 1981) and Studies in Early Christology (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1995); Dale Allison’s The Historical Christ and the Theological Jesus (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009); Ben Witherington’s The Jesus Quest: The Third Search for the Jew of Nazareth (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1995), The Christology of Jesus (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1990), and Jesus the Sage: The Pilgrimage of Wisdom (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 1994); Scot McKnight’s Jesus and His Death: Historiography, the Historical Jesus, and Atonement Theory (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2005); Craig Keener’s The Historical Jesus of the Gospels (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009); N. T. Wright’s The Original Jesus: The Life and Vision of a Revolutionary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996), Who Was Jesus? (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1992), The Challenge of Jesus: Rediscovering Who Jesus Was and Is (Downers Grove, IL: 00-01_Jesus Theography FP.indd 335 10/7/15 10:16 AM InterVarsity Press, 1999), The New Testament and the People of God, vol. 1 of Christian Origins and the Question of God (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992), and Jesus and the Victory of God, vol. 2 of Christian Origins and the Question of God (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1996); Darrell Bock and Robert Webb’s Key Events in the Life of the Historical Jesus: A Collaborative Exploration of Context and Coherence (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010); Darrell Bock’s Studying the Historical Jesus: A Guide to Sources and Methods (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2002); Gregory Boyd and Paul Eddy’s Jesus Legend: A Case for the Historical Reliability of the Synoptic Jesus Tradition (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007); Beverly Roberts Goventa and Richard Hays’s Seeking the Identity of Jesus (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007); James Beilby and Robert Price’s The Historical Jesus: Five Views (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Press, 2009); H. J. Cadbury’s The Peril of Modernizing Jesus (New York: Macmillan, 1937); Richard Bauckham’s Jesus and the God of Israel: God Crucified and Other Studies on the New Testament’s Christology of Divine Identity (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009); Nicholas Perrin and Richard Hays’s Jesus, Paul, and the People of God: A Theological Dialogue with N. T. Wright (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academia, 2011); John Meier’s A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus (New York: Doubleday, 2001); Stephen Barton’s The Spirituality of the Gospels (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1992); Otto Betz’s What Do We Know About Jesus? (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968); Raymond Brown’s The Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave: A Commentary on the Passion Narratives in the Four Gospels (New York: Doubleday, 1994); G. B. Caird’s Jesus and the Jewish Nation (London: Athlone Press, 1965); James D. G. Dunn’s A New Perspective on Jesus: What the Quest for the Historical Jesus Missed (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2005), Christology in the Making: A New Testament Inquiry into the Origins of the Doctrine of the Incarnation, 2nd ed.