DOCSLIB.ORG

Recovery of Anterograde Amnesia in a Case of Craniopharyngioma

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recovery of Anterograde Amnesia in a Case of Craniopharyngioma OBSERVATION Recovery of Anterograde Amnesia in a Case of Craniopharyngioma Ron C. Kupers, PhD; Audrey Fortin, PhD; Jens Astrup, MD; Albert Gjedde, MD; Maurice Ptito, PhD, DM Background: Studies of the amnesic syndrome have in- months after tumor removal. A postsurgical magnetic reso- dicated that telencephalic and diencephalic structures are nance image did not show evidence of damage to the hy- critical components of the memory system. The exact role pothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, or MBs. of the mammillary bodies (MBs) in human memory re- mains elusive, since few cases of selective MB damage have Main Outcome Measures: Changes in brain imag- been reported. ing data and results of neuropsychological testing. Objective: To study a case of severe anterograde am- Results: After tumor removal, the patient showed a com- nesia due to a third-ventricle craniopharyngioma with plete recovery of memory functions. Performance on the severe MB compression. associative memory test was at chance level before sur- gery and dramatically improved postoperatively. Results Design: Case report. of the preoperative positron emission tomographic study showed no activity in memory-related structures. In con- Setting: Neurosurgery clinic of an academic hospital. trast, a significant blood flow increase occurred in the an- terior thalamic nuclei postoperatively. Patient: A 53-year old woman who developed severe anterograde amnesia due to a third-ventricle craniopha- Conclusions: These behavioral and brain imaging data ryngioma strongly compressing the MBs and, to a lesser stress the importance of the MBs in this patient’s amne- extent, the right hippocampus. sia. Our data further suggest that the clinical prognosis of decompressing the mammillothalamic tract is excel- Interventions: Surgical excision of the tumor and neu- lent, even in cases of massive compression. ropsychological testing and positron emission tomogra- phy during an associative memory test before and 2 Arch Neurol. 2004;61:1948-1952 T IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED THAT compression of the right hippocampus and the critical components of the the MBs. Tumor removal abolished the memory system are not only the functional lesion and led to a complete re- medial temporal lobe (MTL) but covery of memory functions. also diencephalic stuctures such Ias the dorsomedial and anterior thalamic REPORT OF A CASE nuclei, fornix, septal nuclei, and the mam- millary bodies (MBs), as well as the fron- A 53-year-old, right-handed woman with tal lobes.1-3 Memory loss associated with no neurologic antecedents developed acute thalamic lesions and related structures is onset of memory problems in July 1999 that described as “diencephalic amnesia”4 and turned rapidly into a full anterograde am- to a certain extent resembles amnesia in Author Affiliations: PET 5 nesic syndrome. The episode that prompted Center (Drs Kupers, Gjedde, cases of MTL lesions or Korsakoff syn- 6 her husband to take her to the hospital, be- and Ptito), Center for drome. There is controversy regarding sides her continuous forgetting of his re- Functionally Integrative which of these structures, the dorsome- quests, was preparation for their holidays. Neuroscience (Drs Kupers and dial thalamus or the MBs (or a combina- When the husband arrived home from Gjedde), and Department of tion of both), are involved in the amnesic work, the patient had completely forgot- Neurosurgery (Dr Astrup), syndrome.7 In humans, damage re- ten that they were leaving the next day and Aarhus University and Aarhus stricted to the MBs7-9 or the mammillo- nothing had been prepared. University Hospitals, Aarhus, 4 Denmark; and Ecole thalamic tract produces severe and per- The patient arrived at the neurologic d’Optométrie, Université de manent memory impairments. ward of the hospital in September 1999. Montréal, Montréal, Québec We studied a patient who developed se- She was alert, oriented for place, person, (Drs Fortin and Ptito). vere anterograde amnesia due to tumor and time, and did not show signs of de- (REPRINTED) ARCH NEUROL / VOL 61, DEC 2004 WWW.ARCHNEUROL.COM 1948 ©2004 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/29/2021 A B Figure 1. Preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), showing (from left to right) horizontal, sagittal, and coronal sections. A, Preoperative views of the craniopharyngioma from MRIs (upper row) and FDG-PET (lower row). Note the compression of the right hippocampus and mammillary bodies. B, Postoperative MRIs (upper row) and FDG-PET (lower row) showing complete removal of the tumor and normal perfusion of the brain. The left part of the brain is shown to the left. The PET data acquisition (45 minutes) started 1 hour after an intravenous bolus injection of 365 MBq (9.9 mCi) of FDG. mentia or speech impairment. A T1-weighted magnetic the third ventricle to the level of the foramina Monroi, resonance image of the brain showed a suprasellar cra- and elevating and compressing the MBs by 2.5 cm, as well niopharyngioma with a diameter of 3.5 cm extending into as the cerebral peduncles. The tumor did not reach the (REPRINTED) ARCH NEUROL / VOL 61, DEC 2004 WWW.ARCHNEUROL.COM 1949 ©2004 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/29/2021 Table 1. ROI Analysis of FDG Scans* Table 2. Preoperative and Postoperative Neuropsychological Test Results* FDG Uptake, rCMRGLc Preoperative Postoperative Region of Interest Preoperative Postoperative WAIS–Revised, mean score Hippocampus Verbal IQ (similarities) 16 (10 ± 5†) ND Right 83.2 ± 12.9 78.5 ± 7.9 Performance IQ (block design) 15 (10 ± 5†) 15 Left 83.5 ± 11.9 81.8 ± 10.6 Memory Asymmetry index 0.004 0.041 Verbal Text Abbreviations: FDG, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose; rCMRGLc, regional cerebral First immediate recall 7/18 12/18 metabolic rate of glucose. Second recall 14/18 17/18 The asymmetry index was calculated for quantitative FDG–positron * Delayed recall 4/18‡ 17/18 emission tomography (PET) metabolism, according to the following formula: [(Left−right region of interest [ROI] activity)/(left+right ROI activity)]/2. The 10-Word list ROIs for left and right hippocampus were drawn on coronal preoperative and First immediate recall 4/10‡ 7/10 postoperative magnetic resonance images, following the guidelines by After 5 recitations 7/10‡ 10/10 Watson and colleagues.10 The FDG-PET scans were coregistered to the Delayed recall 2/10‡ 10/10 magnetic resonance images by means of Automated Image Registration 3 Words (explicit memory), (AIR 3.0) software (Roger Woods, Department of Neurology, University of mean No. California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine). First immediate recall 3 3 Recall after 5 min 0‡ 3 Recall after 1 h 0‡ 3 Nonverbal left hippocampus but was impinging on the mesial sur- 3 Objects/3 hiding places face of the right hippocampus by 4 mm. The tumor was Recall after 10 min 0/3‡ 3/3 predominantly cystic but had a small solid part in rela- Recall after 1 h 0/3‡ 3/3 tion to the pituitary stalk in the suprasellar cistern. The 4 Visual figures temporal horns of the lateral ventricles were in their nor- Copy (mistakes) 9/16‡ 14/16 Immediate recall 8/16‡ 14/16 mal place on both sides, and no structural abnormali- Delayed recall 3/16‡ 16/16 ties were seen in temporal and frontal lobes, amygdalae, 12 Drawing items thalamus, or fornix (Figure 1A, upper row). This was Immediate recall 6/12‡ 9/12 confirmed by the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emis- Delayed recall 0/12‡ ND sion tomography (FDG-PET) results (Figure 1A, lower Object naming row) showing normal FDG uptake in these regions. (implicit learning) Immediate recall 7/30‡ 27/30 On October 14, 1999, the cystic tumor was surgi- Language, mean score cally removed de visu without injuring the surrounding Sentence repetition 45 ND pituitary gland or hypothalamus. A histologic examina- (Benton t score) tion confirmed the diagnosis of cystic craniopharyn- Object naming test 30 30 gioma. Two days after surgery, the patient developed poly- Problem-solving uria because of diabetes insipidus, which was treated with and attention tests Symbol-number test, 30 43 desmopressin acetate. The patient’s memory problems mean score disappeared completely, and she returned to her nor- Trail-Making Test, part A, s 35 (35 ± 11†) 30 mal occupations. Trail-Making Test, part B, s 88 (78 ± 24†) 73 A magnetic resonance image obtained 1 month after the surgery confirmed the total removal of the tumor Abbreviations: ND, not done; WAIS, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. *Data are given as mean score/total possible score unless otherwise (Figure 1B, upper row). An FDG-PET scan taken at the indicated. same time indicated normal brain metabolism in the MTL †Mean±SD for normal age-matched controls. and upper brainstem (Figure 1B, lower row). A region- ‡Significantly low score. of-interest analysis did not show differences in FDG up- take in right hippocampus before and after surgery, as evidenced by unaltered asymmetry indexes of hippo- house, and she had to learn the specific face-house pair- campal activity (Table 1). This was confirmed when pre- ings. After 4 presentations of the series, pairs of stimuli operative FDG scans were subtracted from postopera- were presented in which only 50% were correctly paired, tive FDG scans (data not shown). and she had to indicate whether the pairings were cor- Formal neuropsychological testing was performed be- rect. Twelve sequential measurements (2 conditions re- fore and 2 months after surgery (Table 2). To elucidate peated 6 times each) of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) the mechanisms involved in memory loss and recovery, a were acquired. Visual stimuli were displayed on a large PET study was performed preoperatively and postopera- monitor placed in front of the subject at a rate of 1 pair tively.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Brain Energy 2013 – Current Advances in Brain Maintenance
    Brain Energy 2013 – Current Advances in Brain Maintenance The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters 29 August 2013 Cover: The lactate receptor GPR81 (green) is located in neurons, shown here in hippocampal cortex CA1. The receptor is concentrated in the pyramidal cell somatodendritic compartment including spines (white arrows in closeup), and to a lesser degree in vascular endothelium. Neurons were labelled for MAP2 (red), nuclei with DAPI (blue). Electronmicroscopy shows lactate receptor labelling (10 nm immunogold, red arrowheads) at the postsynaptic membrane (between black arrowheads), Illustrated by a synapse between a nerve terminal (t) and a dendritic spine (s) in stratum radiatum of CA1. See: Lauritzen KH, Morland C, Puchades M, Holm-Hansen S, Hagelin EM, Lauritzen F, Attramadal H, Storm-Mathisen J, Gjedde A, Bergersen LH (2013) Lactate Receptor Sites Link Neurotransmission, Neurovascular Coupling, and Brain Energy Metabolism. Cereb Cortex Epub 2013 May 21. Brain Energy 2013 – Current Advances in Brain Maintenance When: Thursday 29th August 2013 – Where: The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Drammensveien 78, Oslo Why: Understanding mechanisms that keep the brain in good repair and able to adapt to new challenges, at all ages, will help address a major challenge facing mankind: how to retain an individual’s autonomy towards the end of life. Organized by: Linda H Bergersen, Vidar Gundersen, Jon Storm-Mathisen; Dep Oral Biology, and Inst Basic Medical Sciences, UiO Supported by: The Medical Faculty (equal opportunity grant
    [Show full text]
  • The ORGAN No. 37 (July 2010)
    The ORGAN No. 37 (July 2010) ►►► Message from the Secretary Dear ISCBFM Members: The purpose of this issue of The Organ is to inform the members regarding the progress and status of the ISCBFM-sponsored meetings: the Gordon Research Conference on “Brain Energy Metabolism and Blood Flow”, being held August 22-27, 2010, in Andover, New Hampshire, USA; and our biennial conference, “The XXVth International Symposium on Cerebral Blood Flow, Metabolism and Function and the Xth InternationalConference on Quantification of Brain Function with PET” to be held in Barcelona, Spain, May 24-28, 2011. With respect to the latter, the conference organizers have provided preliminary programmatic information and tentative key dates. It is time to start thinking about your abstract submissions. Sincerely, Dale A. Pelligrino ISCBFM Secretary ►►► August 22-27, 2010 - Gordon Research Conference on Brain Energy Metabolism & Blood Flow Brain blood flow and metabolism are vital to the normal mammalian nervous system and provide the basis of functional brain imaging. Over the last decade, dramatic progress has been made in molecular biology, biophysics and genetics that impact on the understanding of brain energy metabolism, neural organization, cell signaling and vascular regulation. In addition, new technologies now enable measures to be made of blood flow and metabolism in the brain with high spatial and temporal resolutions. The stage is set for the use of the methodological progress to address fundamental issues related to the organization of brain function, blood flow, and metabolic activity. We strongly believe that progress in this field will drive new discoveries in the experimental and clinical neurosciences and impact on the diagnosis and treatment of stroke and other neurodegenerative disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebc Annual Report 2018 Improving Brain Knowledge and Advocacy
    EBC ANNUAL REPORT 2018 IMPROVING BRAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ADVOCACY 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter from EBC President, President Elect & Executive Director 05 EBC Mission 07 Research & Innovation agenda 08 • Political Agenda 08 • Research & Innovation Agenda 10 EBC Highlights 12 Brain Awareness Week 2018 13 Brain Mission & ‘Counting down to zero’ statement 14 “Brain Research in Europe: Shaping FP9 and Delivering Innovation to the Benefit of Patient’s” Event 15 The Value of Innovation Series Event: “Enhanced engagement through public-private partnerships” 16 Projects & Initiatives 18 EU-Funded Projects • EBRA 19 • MULTI-ACT 20 • AD Detect-Prevent 21 • ASCNT-Training 21 EBC Projects 22 Value of Treatment 23 • Dissemination 23 • Publications 25 • Case studies 27 Advocacy & Outreach 28 Visibility 29 #ILoveMyBrain 30 Mental Health in Elite Sport 31 #Move4YrBrain 32 COST Connect event 33 Global Burden of Disease Summit, Auckland 33 Team Visit to VIB 34 EBC’s eHealth Agenda 35 “New Approaches to Brain Disorders” Event, 21st november 2018 36 “Uncorking the Brain” Networking Reception 37 2 Collaboration 38 Academy of National Brain Councils 39 Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Policy White Paper 40 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Policy White Paper 41 “Brexit” Healthcare 42 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Policy Report and National Brain Plans with a focus on MS 43 Scientific Congresses 44 • 27th European Congress of Psychiatry 44 • 4th Congress of the European Academy of Neurology 45 • 11th FENS Forum of Neuroscience 46 • 31st ECNP Congress 48 EBC Members & Partners 50
    [Show full text]
  • J Exp Clin Neurosci, 2020, 7(1): 1-2
    J Exp Clin Neurosci, 2020, 7(1): 1-2 J E & C NS Journal homepage : www.JECNS.com SwSwedishedish ScScienceience Pioneers Editorial The Current Crisis of Neuroscience Albert Gjedde a,b,c,d,e aDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark bDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark cDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada dDepartment of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States eNeurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ©2020 Swedish Science Pioneers, All rights reserved The term neuroscience was coined by Francis O. Schmitt in 1963, these methods, and they saw themselves suddenly elevated to to introduce a new research discipline focused on the functions the status of magicians, capable of deducing the inner workings and properties that made brains the special organs that we all of mammalian brains that the psychologists had failed or refused suspect they are. The discipline was born and started to grow at the to uncover, and doing so simply by observing the events taking time after the Second World War when psychologists abandoned place in brain tissue itself. the biological brain, in apparent recognition of the failure, on Now, 60-70 years later, the party is over for the theoretical as well practical grounds, of understanding what neuroscientists, and we sit back, forced to acknowledge our brains do and how they do it, using tools that mostly consisted inability to test hypotheses of brain function that would allow in interviews of clients. While this recognition happened in us to explain how brains do what they evidently evolved to do.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Brain Mapping Under Increasing Cognitive Complexity
    DOCTOR OF MEDICAL SCIENCE only initially, as speed of data acquisition and repeatability is impor- tant determinants (Raichle 2000). Thus, shorter-lived rCBF PET tracers such as oxygen-15 labelled water (H 15O) are preferable. Human brain mapping under 2 METHODOLOGY: rCBF MEASURED BY PET increasing cognitive complexity 15O-LABELLED WATER AS A rCBF PET TRACER Accurately quantifiable rCBF measures using both tomographic and using regional cerebral blood non-tomographic techniques have had great importance in the un- derstanding of the pathophysiology of the brain, e.g. in cerebrovas- flow measurements and positron cular disease, particularly acute ischemic stroke. Thus, much inter- est has been directed at characterizing the “penumbra”, a zone of emission tomography non-functioning, but viable, neural tissue with a rCBF of around 0.20 ml•min-1•g-1 surrounding the irreversibly damaged ischemic Ian Law core (Astrup et al. 1981; Baron 1999; Lassen 1990; Trojaborg and Boysen 1973). The penumbra may progress to infarct in hours to days, but is potentially salvageable if reperfused, e.g. by thrombo- This review has been accepted as a thesis together with six previously pub- lytic therapy, within this time window with important implications lished papers, by the University of Copenhagen, February 5, and defended for long-term clinical outcome. on August 31, 2007. The most widely applied rCBF PET tracer both for quantification Research Centre for brain and blood vessels, Akita, Japan, and clinical Physio- and in activation studies is H 15O. This is because of the short half- logic/Nuclear Medical Department, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 2 life (123 sec) that allows sequential studies, the ease of production Correspondence: PET & Cyklotron enheden, Afsnit 3982, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    [Show full text]
  • Expanding Brain Research in Europe Education, Behaviour and Brain Development Brain Awareness Week – Outreach Event
    I MY Expanding brain research in Europe Education, Behaviour and Brain Development Brain Awareness Week – Outreach Event 15 March 2018 European Parliament (Room LOW N3.3), Strasbourg #ILoveMyBrain #BAW2018 1 SUMMARY Agenda 4 European Brain Council EBC - who we are 5 Brussels Office Brain Awareness Week 6 Rue d’Egmont, 11 Brain Awareness Week – Past and Current Events 8 BE-1000 Brussels Tel: + 32 (0) 2 513 27 57 Biographies 10 [email protected] Speakers abstracts 12 @EU_Brain #BAW2018 #ILoveMyBrain Partner Organizations 14 www.braincouncil.eu 2 3 AGENDA EBC - Who we are 08:30 – 09:00 Registration The European Brain Council (EBC) is a non-profit organization gathering patient associations, major brain-related societies as well as industries. Established in 09:00 – 09:15 Welcome address by hosts Ms Anne Sander & Ms Daciana Sârbu, MEPs March 2002, its mission is to promote brain research in order to improve the quality Introduction of the European Brain Council by Prof. Monica Di Luca, of life of those living with brain disorders in Europe. 165 million Europeans are living EBC President & Ms Joke Jaarsma, EBC Treasurer with a brain disorder, causing a global cost (direct and indirect) exceeding Introduction of Brain Awareness Week by Prof. Roland Pochet, 800 billion euros for the National Health budgets. EBC’s main action areas are: EBC-BBC Liaison Officer • Fostering cooperation with its member organizations 09:15 – 09:30 Professor Albert Gjedde, Professor of Neurobiology and Pharmacology • Promoting dialogue between scientists, industry and society at the Faculty of Health Sciences and Department of Neuroscience at • Interacting with the European Commission, the European Parliament and other the University of Copenhagen, Denmark relevant international institutions • Raising awareness and promoting education on the brain The predictive brain • Disseminating information about brain research and brain diseases in Europe The future: How to boldly go where no one has gone before 09:30 – 09:45 Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 34-December 2007
    The ORGAN No. 34 (Dec. 07) Dear ISCBFM Member, I want to say how honored I am to have been selected to be President of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. I have attended all of the biennial meetings over the past 30 years and feel that the ISCBFM is my scientific home. Over the next two years I will do my best to serve our Society so that it can continue to remain the premier society for the study of the cerebral circulation. Approximately 40 years ago, in 1965, the 1st International Symposium on Cerebral Blood Flow was held in Lund, Sweden. This meeting was organized by David Ingvar and Niels Lassen, two pioneers in the study of the cerebral circulation, and was chaired by Seymour Kety, the father of CBF. There were 42 participants and all of the presentations dealt with either the techniques of regional cerebral blood flow measurement, or the physiology and pharmacology of cerebral blood flow, with a smattering of clinical studies. This should be contrasted with our most recent meeting in Osaka with approximately 1000 participants and 800 presentations encompassing dozens of topics including mechanisms of ischemic cell death, pharmacogenomics and proteiomics, immunity in stem cell therapies, and mapping of neuroreceptors. However, our biennial meetings and our journal still have remained centered around a study of cerebral blood flow, with continued and intense interest in cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic regulation, and pathophysiology of the cerebral circulation. Over the past several years I have heard rumblings about the challenges that our society faces in the future in order to retain members, to attract young investigators, and to remain on the cutting edge scientifically.
    [Show full text]
  • Group Name: Ucar Contents Venue
    VENUE GROUPCONTENTS NAME: UCAR Conference room Department of Nuclear Medicine, OUH 4 Program 71 Larsen Group 5 Meeting attendees 74 Meyer Group 7 Strategy 80 Nielsen 17 BRIDGE 83 Neuroepidemiology 22 Asgari Group 89 Neuroimmunology 27 BWK Brain Cancer Research Group 94 Neurosurgical research Group 31 Cellular Neurobiology 98 Owens Group 37 Child and Adolescent Psychiatric 103 Peripheral Neuropathy 41 The Danish Aging Research Center 108 T-Pemf and parkinsonism Group 45 Department of epilepsy genetics and 114 TRANSIC personalized medicine 123 Translational neuroscience Group 51 Finsen Group 128 UCAR 59 Focused Research Group in neurology 133 Posters 63 Gerlach Group 66 Lambertsen Group 4 VENUE PROGRAMGROUP NAME: JUNE UCAR 12TH Conference room Department of Nuclear Medicine, OUH TIME SESSION 1: INTRODUCTION – KIM BRIXEN, MEDICAL DIRECTOR, OUH 09:00-09:10 PRESENTER 09:10-09:20 Brain Cancer – Bjarne Winther Kristensen 09:20-09:30 Neuroimaging – Poul Flemming Højlund Carlsen and Albert Gjedde 09:30-09:40 Alcohol– Anette Søgaard Nielsen 09:40-09:50 Psychiatry - Tanja Michel 09:50-10:25 DISCUSSION PANEL Bjarne Winther Kristensen, Poul Flemming Højlund-Carlsen, Anette Søgaard Nielsen, Tanja Michel, Frantz Rom Poulsen, Albert Gjedde, Kate Lykke Lambertsen 10:25-10:35 BREAK SESSION 2: INTRODUCTION - OLE SKØTT, DEAN HEALTH SCIENCE SDU 10:35-10:45 PRESENTER 10:45-11:00 Neuroinflammation - Trevor Owens 11:00-11:10 Stem cells and neurodegenerative diseases - Morten Meyer 11:10-11:20 Neuroepidemiology - David Gaist 11:20-11:30 Demyelinating diseases - Zsolt Illes 11:30-12:00 DISCUSSION PANEL Trevor Owens, Morten Meyer, David Gaist, Bente Finsen, Zsolt Illes, Åsa Fex-Svenningsen, Søren Sindrup, Kate Lykke Lambertsen 12:00-13:00 LUNCH AND POSTER SESSION 5 VENUE MEETINGGROUP NAME: ATTENDEES UCAR Conference room Department of Nuclear Medicine, OUH THE LUNDBECK • Professor Kim Krogsgaard, Managing Director, The Brain Prize, FOUNDATION The Lundbeck Foundation • Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • New Approaches to Functional Neuroenergetics
    Meeting Report New Approaches to Functional Neuroenergetics Susan M. Fitzpatrick Downloaded from http://mitprc.silverchair.com/jocn/article-pdf/11/4/467/1758540/089892999563454.pdf by guest on 18 May 2021 James S. McDonnell Foundation Douglas Rothman Yale University glucose metabolism. Depending on the form of the la- INTRODUCTION beled tracer used, PET either directly measures the re- gional rate of glucose metabolism (CMRglc) or the The coupling between brain energy metabolism and coupled parameters of the cerebral metabolic rate for neuronal activity has, for more than a century, allowed oxygen (CMRO2), and the cerebral blood ºow (CBF) rate. researchers to monitor brain function (Roy & Sher- The fMRI blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) rington, 1890; Siesjo, 1973; Sokoloff, 1981). A break- signal is sensitive to both CMRO2 and CBF (Ogawa et al., through in this effort, and one that made human studies 1998). routine, was the development 20 years ago of positron In a functional imaging study, a subject performs ex- emission tomography, or PET (see Raichle, 1998). In perimental tasks while the signal is acquired. Most cog- combination with experimental paradigms and models nitive neuroscience imaging studies rely on the PET CBF developed in cognitive psychology, PET allowed the ªrst or the BOLD fMRI measurement. The acquired signal is high-resolution metabolic maps of functionally special- analyzed to provide images of the spatial distribution and ized regions of the human brain. A drawback of the PET temporal dynamics of CBF or BOLD contrast. The func- technology was its reliance on cyclotron-generated tional image is an image of the increment in signal short-lived radioisotopes.
    [Show full text]
  • PET Data MR Physics Dendrite Music Scanning Tensor Statistics Cognition
    2006 ANNUAL REPORT Center ofFunctionallyIntegrativeNeuroscience The DanishNationalResearchFoundation’s cognition PET statistics data tensor MR physics scanning music dendrite neuroanatomy Introduction - 2006 in words by Leif Østergaard In 2006 The Danish National Research Foundations Center of Func- In January 2006, CFIN hosted the symposium Brain Storm 2006, a tionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) entered its second funding celebration of Albert Gjedde’s 60th birthday and the inauguration of period. With the hard work of founding CFIN scientists, PhD projects SFINX. The symposium brought a long list of esteemed and interna- initiated during the first funding cycle have now fostered exciting tionally recognized researchers within neuroscience to Aarhus. The results and promising young talent, just as CFIN cross-disciplinary symposium was very well attended. research profile has attracted prominent scientists and grants to Read more at: http://www.cfin.au.dk/brainstorm develop exciting neuroscience. In 2006, CFIN continued to work on establishing pre-graduate In early 2006, an application from Andreas Roepstorff to The Danish cross-disciplinary teaching at the University of Aarhus. In 2005, National Research Foundation led to the granting of one of five CFIN coordinated courses and teaching from all five faculties at the Niels Bohr Guest Professorships to CFIN. This guest professor- university and introduced a course catalogue called NEUROVIDEN ship has made it possible to attract two unique researchers to the 2005/2006. This catalog offered teaching in neuroimaging, cognition, University of Aarhus – Chris Frith, professor of neuropsychology brain research and similar topics. In 2006/2007 the course catalogue at Welcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience in London and has become web-based.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE Lisbeth Marner, MD, DMSc, PhD Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET University Hospital, Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej 9 DK-2100 Copenhagen O Phone (+45) 3545 0968 Mail: [email protected] Date of birth: November 16 th 1974 Education 2011 Doctoral degree at the Faculty of Healt and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen. Communication among neurons. Quantitative measures in aging and disease. Dan Med J. 59(4):B4427 (2012). Evaluated by Professor Albert Gjedde, Professor Ramin Parcey and Jørn Hounsgaard. Defended September 16 th 2011 2009 PhD degree at the Faculty of Healt and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen. Molecular Brain Imaging of the Serotonin System: Reproducibility and Evaluation of PET Radiotracers. Evaluated by MD Lars Friberg, professor PhD Richard Carson, and MDSc, PhD Ian Law. Defended March 13 th 2009 2002 Graduated in Medicine at University of Copenhagen. Authorized as a doctor Employments: 2013- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET at University Hospital, Rigshospitalet 2013 6 mo. at Department of Oncology, in the Neuroteam at University Hospital, Rigshospitalet 2010-2012 21 mo. at Department of Clinical Physiology at Herlev Hospital 2010 5 mo. post doc position at Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet. 2009 Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET at University Hospital, Rigshospitalet 2007 As part of my PhD, I worked 1 month at Clinical Imaging Center, GlaxoSmithKline, London supervised by PhD Roger N. Gunn. 2005-2008 Ph.D. study at Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet. Supervised by Professor DMSc Gitte Moos Knudsen and Professor DMSc Steen G. Hasselbalch. 2005 1 mo.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Impact of Global Mean Normalization on Regional Glucose Metabolism in the Human Brain
    Hindawi Neural Plasticity Volume 2018, Article ID 6120925, 16 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6120925 Research Article Impact of Global Mean Normalization on Regional Glucose Metabolism in the Human Brain 1,2 2,3 1 1 Kristian N. Mortensen, Albert Gjedde , Garth J. Thompson, Peter Herman , 1 1,4 2 2,3,5,6 Maxime J. Parent , Douglas L. Rothman, Ron Kupers, Maurice Ptito , 2,7 7 8 9 Johan Stender, Steven Laureys, Valentin Riedl, Michael T. Alkire, 1,4 and Fahmeed Hyder 1Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 2Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 3Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Research, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 5Chaire de Recherche Harland Sanders, School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 6Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Psychiatric Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark 7GIGA-Consciousness, Coma Science Group, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium 8Departments of Neuroradiology, Nuclear Medicine and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, München, Germany 9Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Fahmeed Hyder; [email protected] Received 7 December 2017; Revised 20 February 2018; Accepted 3 April 2018; Published 12 June 2018 Academic Editor: J. Michael Wyss Copyright © 2018 Kristian N. Mortensen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Because the human brain consumes a disproportionate fraction of the resting body’s energy, positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of absolute glucose metabolism (CMRglc) can serve as disease biomarkers.
    [Show full text]