DOCSLIB.ORG

Social Movements. Identity, Culture and the State, Edited

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Social Movements. Identity, Culture and the State, Edited Social Movements: Identity, Culture, and the State David S. Meyer Nancy Whittier Belinda Robnett, Editors OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Social Movements This page intentionally left blank SOCIAL MOVEMENTS Identity, Culture, and the State Edited by David S. Meyer, Nancy Whittier, & Belinda Robnett 1 2002 3 Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi São Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto and an associated company in Berlin Copyright © 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Social movements : identity, culture, and the state / edited by David S. Meyer, Nancy Whittier, Belinda Robnett. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-514355-8; ISBN 0-19-514356-6 (pbk.) 1. Social movements. I. Meyer, David S. II. Whittier, Nancy, 1966– III. Robnett, Belinda, 1956– HM881 .S63 2001 303.48'4–dc21 2001036973 9876 5 4 32 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Zena, Jonah, David and Jonah This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments We are grateful to a number of people and institutions for their help in this project. The workshop that led to this volume was partly supported by a small grant from the American Sociological Association/National Science Founda- tion Fund for the Advancement of the Discipline and was organized under the auspices of the American Sociological Association Section on Collec- tive Behavior and Social Movements. Manisha Desai, Rob Kleidman, Paul Lichterman, and Jo Reger helped organize that workshop. We appreciate the excellent services provided by Teresa Brown, Coordinator of the UC-Davis Conference and Event Services, without whom the workshop could not have taken place. We had research and clerical assistance from Meg Chilton and Morgan Lynn at Smith College, supported by the Smith College Committee on Faculty Compensation and Development, and from Jeanne Batalova Treigherman and Yuki Kato at the University of California–Irvine. We are also grateful to the Center for the Study of Democracy, at the University of California–Irvine, which provided help when it was most needed. Finally, we appreciate the efforts of the contributors, many of whom not only wrote their own chapters but provided useful comments that helped to shape the book. This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors xiii part i. introduction 1. Opportunities and Identities: Bridge-Building in the Study of Social Movements 3 David S. Meyer part ii. states and policies Introduction to Part II 25 2. State Repression and Democracy Protest in Three Southeast Asian Countries 28 Vincent Boudreau 3. Mobilization on the South African Gold Mines 47 T. Dunbar Moodie 4. Multiple Mediations: The State and the Women’s Movements in India 66 Manisha Desai 5. The Contradictions of Gay Ethnicity: Forging Identity in Vermont 85 Mary Bernstein 6. Creating Social Change: Lessons from the Civil Rights Movement 105 Kenneth T. Andrews x Contents part iii. organizations and strategies Introduction to Part III 121 7. The “Meso” in Social Movement Research 124 Suzanne Staggenborg 8. Strategizing and the Sense of Context: Reflections on the First Two Weeks of the Liverpool Docks Lockout, September–October 1995 140 Colin Barker and Michael Lavalette 9. Factions and the Continuity of Political Challengers 157 Mildred A. Schwartz 10. More Than One Feminism: Organizational Structure and the Construction of Collective Identity 171 Jo Reger 11. The Development of Individual Identity and Consciousness among Movements of the Left and Right 185 Rebecca E. Klatch part iv. collective identities, discourse, and culture Introduction to Part IV 205 12. Toward a More Dialogic Analysis of Social Movement Culture 208 Marc W. Steinberg 13. Materialist Feminist Discourse Analysis and Social Movement Research: Mapping the Changing Context for “Community Control” 226 Nancy A. Naples 14. From the “Beloved Community” to “Family Values”: Religious Language, Symbolic Repertoires, and Democratic Culture 247 Rhys H. Williams 15. External Political Change, Collective Identities, and Participation in Social Movement Organizations 266 Belinda Robnett Contents xi part v. conclusion 16. Meaning and Structure in Social Movements 289 Nancy Whittier References 309 Index 347 This page intentionally left blank Contributors Kenneth T. Andrews is assistant professor of sociology at Harvard Uni- versity. His research examines questions about the impacts of social move- ments. He is completing a book, “Freedom Is a Constant Struggle”: The Dynamics and Consequences of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement, that traces the development of the movement and its impact on electoral politics, educational institutions, and social policies. He is beginning a project on contemporary environmental politics in the United States. Colin Barker teaches in the sociology department at Manchester Metro- politan University. An active socialist, he organizes the annual “Alternative Futures & Popular Protest” conference series each Easter and convenes the British Sociological Association Study Group on Protest and Social Move- ments. Publications include Festival of the Oppressed: Solidarity, Reform and Revolution in Poland (1986) and Revolutionary Rehearsals (1987). Mary Bernstein is assistant professor of sociology at the University of Con- necticut. Her research, which has appeared in the American Journal of Sociol- ogy and the American Sociological Review, focuses on sexuality, social movements, and the law. Her recently published edited book Queer Families, Queer Politics, Challenging Culture and the State (Columbia University Press) connects the microdynamics of gender, sexuality, and the family with the macrodynamics of politics and the law. Currently, she is completing a book on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender political strategies and legal change. Vincent Boudreau is associate professor of political science at the City Col- lege of New York. He is the author of At the Margins of the Movement: Grassroots and Cadre in a Philippine Socialist Network and has written more generally about political contention in Southeast Asia, especially in the Phil- xiii xiv Contributors ippines. His current research investigates how established patterns of repres- sion and state violence shape political contention, but this project is part of a larger program to broaden and deepen the theoretically informed study of social movements outside of the global north. Manisha Desai is associate professor of sociology and chair of the Depart- ment of Anthropology and Sociology at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York. Her research and teaching have focused primarily on social movements in India, international women’s movements, international development, women and globalization, feminist theory, and human rights. She is currently completing an edited book with Nancy Naples, Women in Glo- balization from Below: Multiple Sites of Women’s Activism (forthcoming, Routledge), and starting work on an edited book, Globalization and Human Rights: Women’s Interventions in Asia, to be published by Greenwood. Rebecca E. Klatch is professor of sociology at the University of Califor- nia–San Diego. She is author of Women of the New Right (Temple Univer- sity Press, 1987) and A Generation Divided: The New Left, The New Right, and the 1960s (University of California Press, 1999), as well as numerous articles on social movements, gender, and family politics. Michael Lavalette teaches in the sociology, social policy and social work studies department at Liverpool University. He writes on child labor, Marx- ism and social policy, and collective action. Among his publications on so- cial movements are Leadership and Social Movements (edited with Colin Barker and Alan Johnson, forthcoming), Solidarity on the Waterfront (1996), and Class Struggle and Social Welfare (2000). He is an active member of the Socialist Workers Party in Britain. David S. Meyer is associate professor of sociology at the University of Cali- fornia, Irvine. In addition to numerous articles on social movements, he is author of A Winter of Discontent: The Nuclear Freeze and American Poli- tics, coeditor, with Sidney Tarrow, of The Social Movement Society, and coeditor, with Thomas Rochon, of Coalitions and Political Movements. He is most interested in the connections among social movements, public policy, and institutional politics. T. Dunbar Moodie is professor of sociology in the Department of Anthro- pology and Sociology at Hobart and William Smith Colleges. He is the author of The Rise of Afrikanerdom and Going for Gold, as well as numerous articles. His early work dealt with the origins of the Afrikaner ethnic movement and its impact on the development of apartheid ideology and the attainment of politi- Contributors xv cal power. He now writes mostly about black South African gold miners, with special attention to modes of survival and resistance in their everyday lives in the context of wider South African economic,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ffl K'^ Y L^^£C'^@(I3 Tgiem Dcran
    irmtaa'i'iriiiMiiiiiiiniffiiiitFiiiEiiM.WjiiNiiiiiiiininici fflk'^ y l^^£C'^@(i3 TGiem Dcran s a historian, I have spent the past five years The civil rights movement was the cmcible in looking for anti-racist Jewish women role mod- which, during my own lifetime, racism was contest- A els, hoping to place them in a radical Jewish ed and "second wave" feminism forged. Despite the tradition to which I could feel connected. Rather than general consensus that Jews were well represented simply writing theoretically about racism, sexism and among those fighting for racial equality in America, anti-Semitism, I wanted to portray women who took IVJl Jewish women were barely visible in movement his- action in a decisive moment in American history. So I tories. I felt driven to find them, talk to them, and began to study Jewish women who went South for the record their stories. I began to search for Jewish civil rights movement. women civil rights veterans to interview. I discovered that in the decade between the terrors Their stories fill gaps in several historical narra- of the McCarthy yeai's (the 1950s) and the beginning tives: American Jewish women's history, civil rights of the women's liberation movement (the late 1960s), history, and the history of Jewish radicalism. The sto- Jewish women's experiences in the Southern civil ries invoke a long tradition of Jewish women's rights movement had nearly disappeai^ed from histo- activism. Finally, the women's lives demonstrate that ry. And even in the burgeoning field of Jewish there are many ways of being Jewish, including fight- women's history, Jewish women's experiences in the ing for social justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Justice" 9:00 A.M
    THE VIRGINIA FRESE PALMER CONFERENCE WOMEN’S HISTORY MONTH 2015 WOMEN, TECHNOLOGY, AND INTERNET CULTURE Monday March 16, 2015 9:00 a.m. – 2:00 p.m. th 4 Floor, Student Union, Queens College 9:00 a.m. – 12:00 Panel Discussion Anitha Raj: “STEP UP to Tackle the Myths.” Anitha Raj is President of ARAR Technology, a technology management consulting firm, and Board Director of Women in Technology. She holds degrees in Computer Science and Business Management, and has published white papers on a variety of technology topics. She is an ambassador for women and girls in the Tech industry—STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math). Katherine Cross: “Ethics for Cyborgs.” Katherine Cross does research on gender in virtual space, focusing on the social dynamics that animate online harassment. Her work has appeared in Women’s Studies Quarterly, Loading: The Journal of the Canadian Games Studies Association, and First-Person Scholar. She has a weekly column in Feministing, and her popular writing and criticism of gaming and gaming culture have appeared there, in Bitch magazine, Kotaku, Polygon, AutoStraddle, and the feminist gaming website The Border House. Her latest peer-reviewed paper, “Ethics for Cyborgs: On Real Harassment in an ‘Unreal’ Space” was published by Loading. She currently serves on the board of Feminist Frequency. Amanda Filipacchi: “Wikipedia’s Gender Problem.” Described by the New York Times as a “lovely comic surrealist,” Amanda Filipacchi is the author of three previous novels: Nude Men, Vapor, and Love Creeps. Her writing has appeared in the New York Times, the New Yorker, the Wall Street Journal, and the Atlantic, and has been included in Best American Humor and other anthologies.
    [Show full text]
  • Jews Step Forward
    The Link www.ameu.org Page 1 Published by Americans for The Link Middle East Understanding, Inc. Volume 52, Issue 1 Link Archives: www.ameu.org January-March 2019 Jews Step Forward By Documentary Filmmaker Marjorie Wright The Link www.ameu.org Page 2 AMEU Board of Directors Jane Adas, President About This Issue Elizabeth D. Barlow Earlier this year I was invited to a showing of the documentary film Edward Dillon Jews Step Forward. Henrietta Goelet John Goelet At the end, with the film credits running, I recall whispering to the Richard Hobson,Treasurer person next to me that it was the most powerful documentary I had Anne R. Joyce, Vice President seen on the subject of Jewish-American support for Palestinian rights. Janet McMahon This was not yet another “talking heads” shoot. Rather, it wove the John F. Mahoney, Ex. Director biographies of the individuals interviewed with historic footage of the Darrel D. Meyers events that shaped their lives: from the Holocaust to the Nakba, from Brian Mulligan Kristallnacht to Israel’s military occupation. Daniel Norton Thomas Suárez And not only had I not heard of the film, I didn’t recognize the name of the filmmaker. All the more surprising since, as Google President-Emeritus would later enlighten me, Marjorie Wright, in 2008, wrote and co- Robert L. Norberg produced “Voices from Inside, Israelis Speak,” which received the Arpa Foundation’s Armin T. Wegner award for its promotion of social AMEU justice and human rights. And, again, in 2013, Marjorie was executive National Council director of “Voices Across the Divide,” that chronicled the Palestinian Kathleen Christison narrative of loss, occupation, statelessness and immigration to the Henry Clifford Paul Findley United States.
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 OAH Annual Meeting • New York 1
    Welcome ear colleagues in history, welcome to the one-hundred-fi rst annual meeting of the Organiza- tion of American Historians in New York. Last year we met in our founding site of Minneap- Dolis-St. Paul, before that in the national capital of Washington, DC. On the present occasion wew meet in the world’s media capital, but in a very special way: this is a bridge-and-tunnel aff air, not limitedli to just the island of Manhattan. Bridges and tunnels connect the island to the larger metropolitan region. For a long time, the peoplep in Manhattan looked down on people from New Jersey and the “outer boroughs”— Brooklyn, theth Bronx, Queens, and Staten Island—who came to the island via those bridges and tunnels. Bridge- and-tunnela people were supposed to lack the sophistication and style of Manhattan people. Bridge- and-tunnela people also did the work: hard work, essential work, beautifully creative work. You will sees this work in sessions and tours extending beyond midtown Manhattan. Be sure not to miss, for example,e “From Mambo to Hip-Hop: Th e South Bronx Latin Music Tour” and the bus tour to my own Photo by Steve Miller Steve by Photo cityc of Newark, New Jersey. Not that this meeting is bridge-and-tunnel only. Th anks to the excellent, hard working program committee, chaired by Debo- rah Gray White, and the local arrangements committee, chaired by Mark Naison and Irma Watkins-Owens, you can chose from an abundance of off erings in and on historic Manhattan: in Harlem, the Cooper Union, Chinatown, the Center for Jewish History, the Brooklyn Historical Society, the New-York Historical Society, the American Folk Art Museum, and many other sites of great interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Teaching About Climate Change
    Radical Teacher 102 Teaching About Climate Change MAN EATING TREES COURTESY OF JOHN SOKOL ISSN: 1941-0832 In Memoriam: Pepi Leistyna by Editorial Board 1963-2015 RADICAL TEACHER 1 http://radicalteacher.library.pitt.edu No. 102 (Summer 2015) DOI 10.5195/rt.2015.213 ~ Remembering Pepi Leistyna ~ We mourn our Radical Teacher colleague, beloved educator, admired scholar and friend, Pepi Leistyna. Pepi’s work and passionate commitment to progressive politics are our cherished legacy, joined with many others. Pepi’s students’ blog comments regarding news of his death are heartfelt in their grief but also in love and admiration for him—for his compassion, wisdom, vast knowledge, and wit. The passion which fed his teaching also nourished his writing, lectures, his film Class Dismissed: How TV Frames the Working Class, which won the Studs Terkel Award for Media and Journalism (2007), and his winning the Peace Maker Award for photography in Palestine (2013). Teaching, researching, and activism were all of a piece for Pepi. He was a founding member of the International Institute for Critical Pedagogy and Transformative Leadership, and published widely, including the books Breaking Free: The Transformative Power of Critical Pedagogy, Presence of Mind: Education and the Politics of Deception, Cultural Studies: From Theory to Action. Pepi brought to Radical Teacher the same unflagging energy and commitment to social justice that inspired all he did. Among other things he compiled for Radical Teacher an excellent filmography on social class (RT 81) and he co-edited the cluster “Teaching Post-Colonial Literatures in the Age of Empire” (RT 82).
    [Show full text]
  • Students Respond to the Kemp Protest 4 in Too Deep: Student Unions In
    HONI SOIT Students respond to the Kemp Protest 4 In Too Deep: Student Unions in Myanmar 6 Interrogating the Chancellor 10 We Called Psychic TV So You Don’t Have To 17 The editors of Honi Soit and the SRC acknowledge the traditional owners of this land, the Gadigal people of the Eora nation. Honi Soit is written, printed, and distributed on Aboriginal land. If you are reading this, you are standing on Aboriginal land. Please recognise and respect this. We acknowledge both our privilege and our obligation to redress the situation as best we can: to remember the mistakes of the past, act on the problems of today, and build a future for everyone who calls this place home, striving always for practical and meaningful reconciliation. Contents 4-5: News & Analysis 8-9: Perspective 14-15: Feature Fahad Ali, Elias Visontay and Clare Fester on the Leigh Nicholson on a transgender DC comics character. Andy Mason, Dom Bowes and Evelyn Corr on Kemp Protest. Cameron Gooley attends his first Mardi Gras. Indigenous rights and land management. Max Hall and Timothy Scriven provide an Julia Clark on student literature. update on SSAF negotiations. Adam Chalmers attends a fan fiction party. 16-19: Flotsam Samantha Jonscher on the International Max Hall explores the koala’s battle with Student’s Welcome. 10-11: Profile chlamydia. Christina White interrogates the Chancellor. Sam Langford on Grafitti Tunnel’s ‘artist’. 6: In Too Deep Samantha Jonscher on clubbing in China. Naaman Zhou calls up Psychic TV. Bebe D’Souza on Myanmar’s student activism. Aidan Molins revisits the bible of his pubescence.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 22, Full Contents
    Midwest Social Sciences Journal Volume 22 Issue 1 Article 20 2020 Volume 22, Full Contents MSSJ Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/mssj Part of the Anthropology Commons, Business Commons, Criminology Commons, Economics Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Gender and Sexuality Commons, Geography Commons, History Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, Psychology Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Staff, MSSJ (2020) "Volume 22, Full Contents," Midwest Social Sciences Journal: Vol. 22 : Iss. 1 , Article 20. Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/mssj/vol22/iss1/20 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Midwest Social Sciences Journal by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Staff: Volume 22, Full Contents ISSN 1522-7030 (print) ISSN 1937-7770 (online) MIDWEST SOCIAL SCIENCES JOURNAL Volume 22 (2019) www.iass1.org Formerly Journal of the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences Anthropology • Business • Criminology • Economics • History Political Science • Psychology • Sociology • Environmental Studies Gender Studies • International Studies • Urban Studies SENIOR EDITOR IN CHIEF Kenneth D. Colburn, Jr., PhD Butler University DEPUTY EDITOR Nirupama Devaraj, PhD Valparaiso University MANAGING EDITOR Mary C. Moore, PhD Julie Cripps University of Indianapolis COPY EDITOR Stephanie
    [Show full text]
  • References Gmhc
    1 REFERENCES Goddess in Myth, History and Culture Edited by Mary Ann Beavis and Helen Hye-Sook Hwang Mago Books (2018) (Editorial Note: Chapters 3, 4, 11, 14, 17, 22 are not included.) CHAPTER 1 MAGO, THE CREATRIX FROM EAST ASIA, AND THE MYTHO-HSTORY OF MAGOISM Helen Hye-Sook Hwang Primary Sources Budoji Damingyitongzhi Handan Gogi Samguk Sagi Samguk Yusa Sinjeung Dongguk Yeoji Seungram Zizhi Tongjian Secondary Sources Birrell, Anne. Chinese Mythology: An Introduction (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993). Cahill, Susan. “Sublimation in Medieval China: The Case of the Mysterious Woman of the Nine Heavens.” Journal of Chinese Religions 20 (1992): 92-96. Chang, Maria Hsia. Falun Gong: The End of Days. Melbourne: Scribe Publications, 2004. “Chilseongsin (the Seven Star Divine)” in Munhwa Contents (Culture Contents). http://www.culturecontent.com/content/contentView.do?search_div_id=CP_THE 002&content_id=cp022401520001. 2 Choe, Gwangsik. Uri Godaesa-ui Seongmuneul Yeolda (Opening of Our Ancient History. Seoul: Hangilsa, 2004. Deuchler, Martina. The Confucian Transformation of Korea: A Study of Society and Ideology. Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University; Distributed by Harvard University Press, 1992. Eberhard, Wolfram. The Local Cultures of South and East China. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1968. Fowler, Jeananne D. An Introduction to the Philosophy and Religion of Taoism: Pathways to Immortality. Sussex Academic Press, 2005. Gage, Matilda Joslyn. Woman, Church and State. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company, 1983. Ghaffurian, Mary Ann. “Through a Darkened Door—Light” in Return to Mago E-Magazine. https://www.magoism.net/2012/11/through-a-darkened-door-light- part-2-by-mary-ann-ghaffurian-phd/.
    [Show full text]
  • Who's Who and Where in Women's Studies. INSTITUTION State Univ
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 135 678 SO 009 616 AUTHOR Berkowitz, Tamar, Ed.; And Others TITLE Who's Who and Where in Women's Studies. INSTITUTION State Univ. of New York, Old Westbury. Coll. at Old Westbury. Feminist Press. SPONS AGENCY Ford Foundation, New York, N.Y. PUB DATE 74 NOTE 322p. AVAILABLE FROMThe Feminist Press, Box 334, Old Westbury, New York 1156E ($7.50 paperback) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 Plus Postage. HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS College Programs; *Courses; Curriculum; Directories; Educational History; Educational Innovation; Females; Feminism; Guides; Higher Education; *Teachers; *Universities; Womens Education; *Womens Studies ABSTRACT This guide to people, courses, and institutions concerned with women's studies provides a view of the movement's size and scope and a record of the moveMent's history. Designed to provide an overview of the institutional development of courses, the pioneering instructors, and the sponsoring departments, the guide is intended for use by feminist scholars/teachers and historians. The guide lists courses at accredited undergraduate and graduate higher education institutions in the United States only. It includes 4,658 ccurses and 2,964 male and female feminist teachers at 885 universities and colleges. The guide is a:ranged in three sections. The first section lists institutions, arranged alphabetically, and their faculty.members involved in women's studies with their respective courses and dates offered. The second section lists persons involved in women's studies with information about field, institutions, courses, and years the courses were offered. The third section is arranged by discipline or topic. Under each, related courses are listed alphabetically with their instructors.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading the Autobiography of American Communism*
    IRSH 53 (2008), pp. 395–423 doi:10.1017/S0020859008003532 r 2008 Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis Was the Personal Political? Reading the Autobiography of American Communism* J AMES R. BARRETT SUMMARY: Taking the communist memoir as a sub-genre of working-class autobiography, the article analyzes, first, the characteristics of the communist autobiography, the conditions under which such works were produced, and their intended functions. Second, the article considers some personal dimensions of American communist history and how this more subjective side of the history relates to the more familiar political narrative of the movement. Recent feminist and other theory of autobiography are employed to analyze approximately forty communist autobiographies and other personal narrative material to analyze personal love and marriage, child rearing and family life, and self-identity within the party. INTRODUCTION Amid calls for global approaches to the study of history, some labor historians have turned to the more personal dimensions of working-class life through the study of biography and autobiography. While an emphasis on social process, collective experience, and material conditions has largely defined social history for a generation, recent theory, the decline of the labor movement, and political transformations have encouraged some to consider the more subjective aspects of working peoples’ lives. At the same time, the history of American communism has enjoyed a renaissance, with a new generation of anti-communist scholars
    [Show full text]
  • The Mask of the Southern Lady: Virginia Foster Durr, Southern Womanhood, and Reform
    THE MASK OF THE SOUTHERN LADY: VIRGINIA FOSTER DURR, SOUTHERN WOMANHOOD AND REFORM By STEFANIE LEE DECKER Bachelor of Arts in English/History Texas Christian University Ft. Worth, Texas 1995 Master of Arts in History Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1998 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2007 THE MASK OF THE SOUTHERN LADY: VIRGINIA FOSTER DURR, SOUTHERN WOMANHOOD AND REFORM Dissertation Approved: Dr. Laura Belmonte Dissertation Adviser Dr. James Huston Dr. Linda Leavell Dr. Joseph Byrnes Dr. A. Gordon Emslie Dean of the Graduate College ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank my advisor, Laura Belmonte, for her patience, guidance, and suggestions. Her knowledge of women’s history and her original ideas were invaluable. I also wish to thank the other members of my committee, Dr. Joseph Byrnes, Dr. James Huston, and Dr. Linda Leavell, for their patient reading and helpful suggestions. The History Department at Oklahoma State University provided me with the knowledge and the resources to complete this project. I also wish to extend my gratitude to the staffs at the Alabama State archives, the Schlesinger Library, the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, and the archives at Tuskegee University. Nan Kemp at Amarillo College tirelessly interlibrary loaned material and found numerous bits of research for me. Most importantly, I want to express my extreme appreciation to my family. My mother not only proofread numerous drafts, but also assisted in research and research trips. Her help and her belief in me was priceless.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippi Freedom Summer, 1964 Fifty Years Later — the Old Jim Crow, the New Jim Crow
    Mississippi Freedom Summer, 1964 Fifty Years Later — The Old Jim Crow, the New Jim Crow The Editorial Board Heather Booth, Freedom Summer volunteer (with guitar), with Fannie Lou Hamer, vice-chair of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party and field organizer for SNCC. Photo by Wallace Roberts 4 JEWISH CURRENTS SPRING-SUMMER 2014 5 n the books, there was the Fourteenth been the poorest in the nation since the Civil War. Amendment, in force since 1868, guar- The majority of blacks in Mississippi worked as anteeing that “No State shall make or farm laborers or as domestic workers, with typical Oenforce any law which shall abridge the privileges wages of $3 per day. Labor unions did not exist. or immunities of citizens of the United States . nor Imprisonment at hard labor was used by Missis- deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal sippi’s authorities as a tool of social control of protection of the laws.” There was the Fifteenth the black population. Efforts by black churches, Amendment, guaranteeing the right to vote since activist groups, and national civil rights organiza- 1870. There was Brown v. Board of Education, the tions to change these conditions were met with 1954 Supreme Court decision that racial segregation legal repression as well as terrorist violence by the in education violated the Constitution — and there Ku Klux Klan, the White Citizens Council, and was about to be a new Civil Rights Act, signed by the state police — while the federal government President Lyndon Johnson on July 2nd, 1964, which provided no protection. would make segregation in all public facilities, na- Into this environment, in the summer of 1964, tionwide, illegal.
    [Show full text]