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Christianity Vocabulary Christianity Vocabulary Amaiya, Sky, Marshall, John Hell - a realm that evil people go after death - Usually thought of as below earth - Prominent in Christian teachings, as well as many other religions - Unlike many other religions who view hell as the “underworld,” which is not a place of punishment (however it is not a place one would choose to be either), Christianity views hell as the place where the unredeemable wicked go to be externally tormented - “The Christian concept of hell means the opposite of heaven: the total absence of God. More graphic Christian notions of heaven and hell borrowed Greco-Roman religious motifs from the bliss of the Elysian Fields and the torture and torment of Hades.”(Flinn) Hell Figure 1. Hell. Engraving by B. Baldini after Buonamico di Cristofano. By: Buonamico Di Cristofanoafter: Bartolomeo Baldini Incarnation - Latin: in, "en" + carnatio, "fleshment." - “The Christian doctrine of the Incarnation asserts that the second person of the Trinity, the Son of God, took human flesh when he was miraculously conceived in the Virgin Mary of Nazareth, his human mother, by the power of the Holy Spirit (Luke 1:35). In the historical Jesus Christ, the divine nature of the eternally begotten Son is united with human nature of Jesus so that he is "fully God and fully Figure 2. The blessed Mary of the man”(Flinn) Incarnation. Engraving by G. Carattoni - Celebrated on Christmas after G. Callani. Judgement Day - “Judgement day, also known as the Rapture, is the belief that both living and dead believers will ascend into heaven to meet Jesus Christ at the second coming.” - (The Rapture) - Judgement day is the second coming of Jesus. On that day he will judge the living and the dead. (Rapture) Nicene Creed ● The Nicene Creed was a statement declaring the basic beliefs of the Catholic Church as dictated by the Council of Nicea in 325. ● The Council of Nicea “repudiated Arianism, and orthodox Christian principles were upheld”(Adkins) ● The Nicene Creed rejected the heretical teachings of Arias, who claimed that Christ’s divinity did not exist and was in fact inferior to God. ● The Nicene Creed’s controversy led to a second Figure 4. The First Ecumenical reaffirming of orthodoxy at the Second Council of Nicea, presided over by the Roman Emperor Ecumenical Council of Constantinople. Constantine. Original Sin - “Original sin is the condition or state of sin in which each human being is born.” - The origins of original sin is in the book of genesis. It comes from the story of Adam and Eve. - (Original Sin) - Adam and Eve brought original sin upon the rest of the human race. Original sin is the idea that all humans are born in a state of sin and can be saved from original sin by Jesus. (Expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden) Pentecost ● Christian holiday that observes the descent of the Holy Spirit upon Jesus’ apostles and the early Christians about 50 days(seven weeks) after Easter and 10 days following Ascension Thursday ● Pentecost is derived from the Greek word pentekoste, which means fiftieth ● Some Christians regard this as the beginning of the Christian Church and the start of the spread of Christianity ● Symbols of the festival are wind and flames (Dennis) Figure 6. The Holy Spirit Initiates the Pentecost. Predestination ● the belief that God, being all-knowing and all-powerful, has already foreseen how people will ultimately act and has destined some to salvation and some to be denied entrance into God's kingdom (Melton) Figure 7. God. Works Cited Adkins, Lesley, and Roy A. Adkins. “Arianism.” Dictionary of Roman Religion, Facts On File, 1995. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/217562?q=Arianism. Accessed 2017. Adkins, Lesley, and Roy A. Adkins. “Council of Nicaea (325).” Dictionary of Roman Religion, Facts On File, 1995. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/217735?q=Nicene Creed. Accessed 2017. Alles, Gregory D., and Robert S. Ellwood. “Hell.” The Encyclopedia of World Religions, Revised Edition, Facts On File,2006.World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/249688?q=Hell. Accessed 2017. The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Original Sin." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 04 Jan. 2007. Web. 17 Apr. 2017. Dennis, Matthew. “Pentecost.” Encyclopedia of Holidays and Celebrations, Facts On File, 2006. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/419717?q=Pentecost. Accessed 2017. Flinn, Frank K. “Heaven and Hell in Catholicism.” Encyclopedia of Catholicism, Second Edition, Facts On File, 2016. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/235497?q=Hell. Accessed 2017. Flinn, Frank K. “Incarnation.” Encyclopedia of Catholicism, Second Edition, Facts On File, 2016. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/263275?q=Incarnation . Accessed 2017. Melton, J. Gordon. “Predestination.” Protestant Faith in America, Second Edition, Chelsea House, 2013. World Religions, online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/415670?q=Predestination. Accessed 2017. Stefon, Matt. "The Rapture." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 31 Aug. 2015. Web. 18 Apr. 2017. Works Cited (images) (Figure 2)The blessed Mary of the Incarnation. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. quest.eb.com/search/125_1219923/1/125_1219923/cite. Accessed 18 Apr 2017. God. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. quest.eb.com/search/125_1221355/1/125_1221355/cite. Accessed 15 Apr 2017. (Figure 1)Hell. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. quest.eb.com/search/125_1229194/1/125_1229194/cite. Accessed 17 Apr 2017. NICAEA COUNCIL, 325 A.D. - The 1st Ecumenical Council, convoked by Emperor Constantine, in Nicaea (modern Iznik, Turkey), in 325 A.D. Wood engraving, 19th century.. Fine Art. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. The Holy Spirit initiates the Pentecost. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. quest.eb.com/search/125_1221659/1/125_1221659/cite. Accessed 15 Apr 2017. Expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. Shutterstock. 94224787. World Religions. Web. 17 Apr. 2017. <http://online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/ImageDetails/22?imageId=120577>. Rapture. Wikimedia Commons. File:Teachings of Jesus 40 of 40. the Rapture. One in the Bed. Jan Luyken Etching. Bowyer Bible.gif AND File:Teachings of Jesus 39 of 40. the Rapture. One at the Mill. Jan Luyken Etching. Bowyer Bible.gif AND File:Teachings of Jesus 38 of 40. the Rapture. One in the Field. Jan Luyken Etching. Bowyer Bible.gif. World Religions. Web. 18 Apr. 2017. <http://online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/ImageDetails/22?imageId=121046>..
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