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Traditional Uses of Plants by Indigenous Communities for Veterinary Practices At

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Traditional Uses of Plants by Indigenous Communities for Veterinary Practices at Kurram District, Pakistan Maroof Ali, Ali Aldosari, David Y. P. Tng, Manzoor Ullah, Wahid Hussain, Mushtaq Ahmad, Javid Hussain, Ajmal , Khan, Hidayat Hussain Hassan, Sher Rainer W. Bussmann and Jian-Wen Shao Research Correspondence Abstract Maroof Ali1,2, Ali Aldosari3, David Y.P. Tng4, Background: In Kurram district of Pakistan, people Manzoor Ullah5, Wahid Hussain6, Mushtaq use medicinal plants to cure a variety of livestock Ahmad1, Javid Hussain7, Ajmal Khan7, Hidayat diseases. This study was conducted with the aims to Hussain8, Hassan Sher9 and Jian-Wen Shao1 * document the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used in veterinary practices in the district. 1College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000. Methods: Ethnoveterinary data were collected 2Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam through semi-structured interviews with 97 University, Islamabad, Pakistan participants that were purposely chosen at random 3Department of Geography, King Saud University, locations and data was quantitatively analyzed using Saudi Arabia relative frequency of citation (RFC) and use value 4Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, R. (UV). Barão Jeremoabo, Ondina, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Results: In total 81 plants belonging to 43 families 5Department of Botany, University of Science & were recorded. Asteraceae and Lamiaceae were the Technology Bannu, Pakistan most cited botanical families. The plants were used 6Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate to treat 28 livestock diseases. Among the plant parts, College Parachinar, Kurram, Pakistan leaves were the most used parts (38 %) followed by 7Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, the flowers (13 %), seeds (10 %), stem (10 %), fruit University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al (8 %), and roots (7 %). The results showed that (22) Mauz, Nizwa, Oman plants were used for digestive diseases, (10) for skin 8Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie: Halle, problems, (8) against flatulence, (7) as anthelmintic Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany and as refrigerant, and (4) to treat diarrhea and as 9Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity anti-inflammatory. University of Swat 10Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Conclusions: The study provides an inventory of Ilia State University, Tbilsi, Georgia traditional ethnoveterinary plants from Kurram *corresponding author: email: district of Pakistan for further phytochemical and [email protected] pharmacological studies in order to explore their active ingredients. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 18:24 (2019) Published: 10 July 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.18.24.1-19 Ethnobotany Research and Applications 2 وزﻧوﺗﺳ ﻟ ﭘ هرﺎ (10 )د دﻠﺟ د وزﻧوﺗﺳ ﻟ ﭘ ،هرﺎ (8 )د وﻧوﻣﻧ ﺿرﭘ ،د (7 )د ,Keywords: Quantitative study, Folk knowledge ﺳو ﻠ و دﺿ ا و رﺳ د ا و ، ) 4 د( ﻧس ﻧ ﯥﺗﺳﺎ وا يروﻓ ﻠﻣرد ﯥﻧ ﮫﭘ وګﺗ .Livestock, Ethnoveterinary medicines, Pakistan :ﻠﯾﺎﭘﮫ اد ﮫﻧړﯾ’ د وزﯾدود ﯾفﻗوﺗ وﻧوﯾﺎ• هرﺎﭘﻟ وﻧﺎﯾﺷﯾوﻣ ﻏو•رﺎﻧ ﺳﯾتﻟ وﺗﻣﭼ ؛يوﮐ وا د ﻓ ﯾﮏﻣﯾﮑﯾﺳﺎ وا ﻓ ﻲﮑﯾژوﻟوﻣﻣرﺎ ﺎطﻣ وﻌﻟ رﻓﺗﺻ وﻧو ﻟ ﭘ هرﺎ ہﻼﺧﺻ ﯥﭼ د یود ﺎﻌﻓ ﮫﻟ اوﺗ ﻧ ﺎ ﺊﯾ فﺷﮐ .يړﮐ اد ﮫﻧړﯾ’ مھ ﮫﭘ ﮫﺗو‹ يوﮐ ﯥﭼ د سﭘ ﻣ ﻧ ظ ر : ﮐﺳنﮯ ﺿ ﻊﻠمﺎﺗﮐﺎﭘﮐر گﯾںﻣ ﺗفوﻟﻣﺧ ﯽوﯾںﯾﺷوﻠﻣ ﮐ ﮐ ﯽوﯾںﯾﺷوﻠﻣ ﺗفوﻟﻣﺧ گﯾںﻣ ﻊﻠمﺎﺗﮐﺎﭘﮐر ﺿ ﮐﺳنﮯ ﻠﻲادﺧ وﻧﺎﯾﺷﯾوﻣ ﻏو•رﺎﻧ ويﺎھوﭘ وﻠﺗﺎﺳ ﮫﻟ رﻟېا د ﻧ•روﮐ روﺗﻠﮐ لورﺎﮐ وںﯾﺎرﯾﺑﻣ ﻋﻼﺎجﮐ رﮐﮯﮯ ﻟﮯﻧﮐ وںدﮯوﭘﺋ ﺳ ؤںاود ﻋﻼﺎجﮐ رﮐﮯ ﺗ رﮐﮯ ﻋﻼﺎجﮐ ؤںاود ﺳ وںدﮯوﭘﺋ ﻟﮯﻧﮐ رﮐﮯﮯ ﻋﻼﺎجﮐ وںﯾﺎرﯾﺑﻣ . ﺎﺳ لﺗ يد ﮭﺗ.ﮯ ہﯾ ہﻌﻟﺎطﻣ او ه دﻌﻧﻘﻣ ﯾﮐ ﺎ ﯾﮔ ﺎ سﺎﮭﺗ ﺟ ﺎﮐ دﻘﺻﻣ ﭘ نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎ ﮐﺿﮯ ﻊﻠ ﻊﻠ ﮐﺿﮯ نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎ ﭘ دﻘﺻﻣ ﺎﮐ ﺟ سﺎﮭﺗ رﮐ م ںﯾﻣ ﻗﻼﺧا ﯾ ﺎ ﯽﺗ ﮯﮐ ﯾرط ںوﻘ ںﯾﻣ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ﮯﻧوﮨ او ﯽﻟ ںؤاود ﮯﮐ ﮯﮐ ںؤاود ﯽﻟ او ﮯﻧوﮨ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ںﯾﻣ ںوﻘ ﯾرط ﮯﮐ ﯽﺗ ﺎ ﯾ ﻗﻼﺧا ںﯾﻣ م رﮐ Background . ﻘﻣ ﯽﻣﺎ مﻠﻋ وﺟ ﭘ نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎ ﮐﮯ مرﮐ ﮐٹرﭨﺳڈ ںﯾﻣ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ﯾﮐ ﺎ ﺎﺟ ﺗ ﺎ ﮨﮯ ۔ ﮨﮯ ﺎ ﺗ ﺎﺟ ﺎ ﯾﮐ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ںﯾﻣ ﮐٹرﭨﺳڈ مرﮐ ﮐﮯ نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎ ﭘ وﺟ مﻠﻋ ﯽﻣﺎ ﻘﻣ رط ﯾ ﻘ ہ : داوﻣہﯾ ﯾﻗﻼﺧا ﺎ ﯽﺗ دادﻋا و رﺎﻣﺷ روا ﻧ مﯾ ﺧﺎﺳ ہﺗ ا ﻧ وﯾورﭨ ﮐﮯ ﮐﮯ وﯾورﭨ ﻧ ا ہﺗ ﺧﺎﺳ مﯾ ﻧ روا رﺎﻣﺷ و دادﻋا ﯽﺗ ﺎ ﯾﻗﻼﺧا داوﻣہﯾ Folk knowledge on to the use of medicinal plants as ﯾرذ ہﻌ ﻊﻣﺟ ﮐ ﮯﯾ ﮔ ﮯﺋ ﮨ ںﯾ وﺟ 97 رﺷ ﮐ ﺎ ء ﮯﺳ ﻟ ﯽ ﮔ ﯽﺋ. ﺗرﺗ بﯾ ںوﮩﮕﺟ ںوﮩﮕﺟ بﯾ ﺗرﺗ ﯽﺋ. therapies for humans and animals is thousands of دﺎﺻﻘﻣرﭘ ﯽﮐ ﺑ ﻧ ﯾ ﺎ د ﻧﻣرﭘ بﺧﺗ ﯾﮯﮐ ﺋﮯﮔ ﮨ ںﯾ روا ادﻋا د و رﺎﻣﺷ وﮐ وﮐ رﺎﻣﺷ و د ادﻋا روا ںﯾ ﮨ ﺋﮯﮔ ﯾﮯﮐ بﺧﺗ ﻧﻣرﭘ د ﺎ ﯾ ﻧ ﺑ ﯽﮐ دﺎﺻﻘﻣرﭘ years old. Documentation of folk knowledge has وار ﻣتﯾﻗ (RFC) ﮯﮐ ﻗ ر ﯾ ﺑ ﯽ ﺗ ﻌ د د (RFC) وﺣ ا ﻟ ہ د ﯾ ﮯﺗ ﮨ و ﮯﺋوﮨﮯ ہﻟاو gained substantial importance around the world . )وﯾ(یو ﺎﮐ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ﺗﮯرﮐ ﺋﮯوﮨ ﻓﯽﺎﮐ رادﻘﻣ ںﯾﻣ ہﯾزﺟﺗ ﺎﯾﮐ ﺎﯾﮔ ﮨﮯ ﺎﯾﮔ ﺎﯾﮐ ہﯾزﺟﺗ ںﯾﻣ رادﻘﻣ ﻓﯽﺎﮐ ﺋﮯوﮨ ﺗﮯرﮐ لﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳا ﺎﮐ )وﯾ(یو especially with the ratification of the Nagoya Protocol . in order to maintain cultural heritage (Ayeni and :ﺋﺞﺎﺗﻧ ﯽﻋوﻣﺟﻣ روط ﭘ ،ر 81 ںووﭘد وﮐ ڈرﺎﮑﯾر ﯾﮐ ﺎ ﯾﮔ ،ﺎ ﺟس ںﯾﻣ 28 Basiri, 2018). The Convention on biodiversity ںووﭘد ﮯﺳ ںوﯾﺷﯾوﻣ ﯽﮐ ںوﯾرﺎﻣﯾﺑ ﺎﮐ جﻼﻋ ﺎﯾﮐ ﺎﯾﮔ .ﺎﮭﺗ ارﺎﺗ ارﺎﺗ .ﺎﮭﺗ ﺎﯾﮔ ﺎﯾﮐ جﻼﻋ ﺎﮐ ںوﯾرﺎﻣﯾﺑ ﯽﮐ ںوﯾﺷﯾوﻣ ﮯﺳ signifies to preserve and maintain knowledge, ،نﺎﻣﺟﻧ(ﮭﭘلو ود اد ہﻟ ﮯںودوﭘ ﺳ قﻠﻌﺗ ﻧﮯﮭﮐر ﻟﮯاو ںودوﭘ ﺎﮐ ﯾﮏا ﯾﮏا ﺎﮐ ںودوﭘ ﻟﮯاو ﻧﮯﮭﮐر قﻠﻌﺗ ﺳ ﮯںودوﭘ ہﻟ اد ود ،نﺎﻣﺟﻧ(ﮭﭘلو innovations and practices of indigenous communities ﺎﺧ ﻧ د )نا روا ﯾﻣﻻ ﯽﺳﺎ بﺳ ﺳﮯ ﯾز ﺎ د ه اوﺣ ﻟ ہ ﺎﺟت او ﻟﮯ ﺑ اوﺟﺎ ﯽﻧ ﺎﺧ ﻧ د نا نا د ﻧ ﺎﺧ ﯽﻧ اوﺟﺎ ﺑ ﻟﮯ او ﺎﺟت ہ ﻟ اوﺣ ه د ﺎ ﯾز ﺳﮯ بﺳ ﯽﺳﺎ ﯾﻣﻻ روا )نا د ﻧ ﺎﺧ embodying traditional lifestyle relevant for ﮭﺗ.ﮯ ںودوﭘ ﺻﮐﮯ ںوﺣ ،ںﯾﻣ ﭘ ﺗ ںوﯾ ںﯾﻣ ﮯﺳب ﺳ ﯾز هدﺎ لﺎﻌﺗﻣﺳا هدﺷ هدﺷ لﺎﻌﺗﻣﺳا هدﺎ ﯾز ﺳ ﮯﺳب ںﯾﻣ ںوﯾ ﺗ ﭘ ،ںﯾﻣ ںوﺣ ﺻﮐﮯ ںودوﭘ ﮭﺗ.ﮯ conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity وﺻﺣ ں (38 )٪ ﺗ ﮯﮭ سﺟ ﮯﮐ ﻧ ﺗ ﮯﺟﯾ ﻣ ﯾ ں ﭘ وﮭ ﻟ ںو ٪( 13 ،) ﺑ ﺞﯾ ﺞﯾ ﺑ ،) Salgotra et al. 2018).The knowledge is normally) ٪( 10 ،) ﻧﮯﺗ ٪( 10 ،) لﮭﭘ ٪( 8 ،) روا ںﯾڑﺟ ٪( 7 )ﯽﮐ ف ﮯرط .ﺳ .ﺳ ﮯرط ف )ﯽﮐ passed down through generations via word of mouth ںووﭘد ،ںﯾﻣ ﻧ ﺗ ﺎ ﺞﺋ ﺳﮯ ﺎظ رﮨ ﺗوﮨ ﺎ ﮨﮯ ہﮐ (22 ) ںودوﭘ ﮐﮯ روط رﭘ لﻣﻋ لﻣﻋ رﭘ روط ﮐﮯ ںودوﭘ ) ,Hussain et al. 2018), in stories, poems, proverbs) ﮩموطرﺎﮯﺿ ﻧا ﭘرﮐ ﺎلﻣﻌﺗاﺳ ﺎﯾﮐ ﺎﯾﮔ ﺎﮭﺗ (10 )ﺟ دﻠ ﮐﮯ لﺋﺎﺳﻣ ﮐﮯ ﮐﮯ لﺋﺎﺳﻣ ﮐﮯ دﻠ )ﺟ and songs. The transmission of traditional ,ﮯ ﺋﻟ( 8 ) نرﭨﯾﭘ فﮐﮯ ,ﻼﺧ (7 ) ا ﯽﭨﻧﯾ ﯾﮭﺗﮨ رﺎ روا دیرﺳ ﮐﮯ روط ،رﭘ ،رﭘ روط ﮐﮯ دیرﺳ روا رﺎ ﯾﮭﺗﮨ ﯽﭨﻧﯾ ا ) knowledge through oral methods is however وار (4 ) لﺎﮩﺳا روا ا ﯽﭨﺳﻧ وٹﯾﭨ ﮐﮯ جﻼﻋ ﮐﮯ روط رﭘ روط ﮐﮯ جﻼﻋ ﮐﮯ وٹﯾﭨ ﯽﭨﺳﻧ ا روا لﺎﮩﺳا ) unreliable, and preservation through documentation ﯾﺗﻧ:ہﺟ ﺎطﻣ ہﻌﻟ اور ﯾ ﯽﺗ ﻗﻼﺧا ﯾ ﺎ ﯽﺗ ا ﯾود تﺎ ﯽﮐ ا ﮏﯾ تﺳرﮩﻓ ارﻓ مﮨ ﺗرﮐ ﺎ ﺎﺗﮐم ر ﺳﮩ ﯾاﯽ ﺎﯾداﯽ ﻼاﯽ و ﻌ ط .(is needed (Ullah et al. 2013 ﮯﮨ؛ روا نا ﯽﮐ ﻌﻓ لﺎ ﯾﺣﻼﺻ ںوﺗ وﮐ شﻼﺗ رﮐ ﮯﻧ ﮯﮐ ﻟ ﮯﺋ ﯾزﻣ د ﯽﻧﺷور ﯽﻧﺷور د ﯾزﻣ ﮯﺋ ﻟ ﮯﮐ ﮯﻧ رﮐ شﻼﺗ وﮐ ںوﺗ ﯾﺣﻼﺻ لﺎ ﻌﻓ ﯽﮐ نا روا ﮯﮨ؛ Ethnoveterinary medicines have the ability to fight ﮯﺳ ﯽﺋﻻ ﯽﺋﮔ ﺗ ﯾدﺑ ﻠ ںوﯾ روا نﻓ زﺎﺳاود ی ﮯﮐ ﺎطﻣ ہﻌﻟ ﮯﮐ اوﻣ .ﻊﻗ سا سا .ﻊﻗ اوﻣ ﮯﮐ ہﻌﻟ ﺎطﻣ ﮯﮐ ی زﺎﺳاود نﻓ روا ںوﯾ ﻠ ﯾدﺑ ﺗ ﯽﺋﮔ ﯽﺋﻻ ﮯﺳ .different kinds of animal disorders (Bullitta et al ﺎطﻣ ہﻌﻟ وﮐ ﯽﮭﺑ ﻘﻣ ﯽﻣﺎ ﯽﺑط ا ﯾود تﺎ وار ﻠﮏﺳﻧﻣ مﻠﻋ ﯽﮐ ظﺎتﻔﺣ ﯽﮐ ﯽﮐ ظﺎتﻔﺣ ﯽﮐ مﻠﻋ ﻠﮏﺳﻧﻣ وار and have several advantages over synthetic (2018 رطف ﮯﺳ ﻘﻣ ﺎ ﯽﻣ ﺛ ﻘ ﺎ تﻓ وﮐ ﻣﻌﺗﺳا لﺎ ﮯﻧرﮐ ﮯﮐ ﻟ ﮯﺋ ﯽﮭﺑ ﺢﺿاو ﮯﮨ ﺢﺿاو ﯽﮭﺑ ﮯﺋ ﻟ ﮯﮐ ﮯﻧرﮐ لﺎ ﻣﻌﺗﺳا وﮐ تﻓ ﺎ ﻘ ﺛ ﯽﻣ ﺎ ﻘﻣ ﮯﺳ رطف ,drugs. Ethnoveterinary medicines are easy to use ﯾﺗﻧ:ہﺟ ﺎطﻣ ہﻌﻟ اور ﯾ ﯽﺗ مررﮐ ﻊﻠﺿ ﮯﺳ اور ﯾ ﯽﺗ ﻗﻼﺧا ﯾ ﺎ ﯽﺗ ا ﯾود تﺎ ﯽﮐ ﯽﮐ تﺎ ﯾود ا ﯽﺗ ﺎ ﯾ ﻗﻼﺧا ﯽﺗ ﯾ اور ﮯﺳ ﻊﻠﺿ مررﮐ ﯽﺗ ﯾ اور ہﻌﻟ ﺎطﻣ .(cheap, and readily available (Lans et al. 2007 تﮏ ﯾاﮨامﮩﻓررﺳﻓ ؛ﮯﺎﺗﮐر وارﮨ ﯽان ﺣﮐ شﺎولﺗںﻌﺻﯾﻓﻼ ﮐ و ﺗﻼ و ﮐ شﺎولﺗںﻌﺻﯾﻓﻼ ﺣﮐ ﯽان وارﮨ ؛ﮯﺎﺗﮐر ﯾاﮨامﮩﻓررﺳﻓ تﮏ Ethnoveterinary medicines are now gaining ﮯﻧرﮐ ﮯﮐ ﻟ ﮯﺋ ﯾزﻣ د ﯽﻧﺷور ﮯﺳ ﯽﺋﻻ ﯽﺋﮔ ﺗ ﺑ د ﯾ ﻠ ںوﯾ روا نﻓ ود زﺎﺳا ی ی زﺎﺳا ود popularity in both developed and developing ﮯﮐ ﺎطﻣ ہﻌﻟ ﮯﮐ اوﻣ ﻊﻗ ارﻓ مﮨ ﺗرﮐ ﺎ .ﮯﮨ ﺎ ﺗرﮐ مﮨ ارﻓ ﻊﻗ اوﻣ ﮯﮐ ہﻌﻟ ﺎطﻣ ﮯﮐ countries, as they are easily obtainable and can be دیﯾﻠﮐ ا :ظﺎﻔﻟ رادﻘﻣ ﺎﮐ ﺎطﻣ ،ہﻌﻟ وکﻟ ،مﻠﻋ ﺎﺟ ،ںوروﻧ ﺎتﯾﻗﻼﺧا ﮐﮯ ﮐﮯ ﺎتﯾﻗﻼﺧا ،ںوروﻧ ﺎﺟ ،مﻠﻋ وکﻟ ،ہﻌﻟ ﺎطﻣ ﺎﮐ رادﻘﻣ collected from farmers at a very low cost (Njoroge ،ﺎتﯾداو نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎﭘ ،ﺎتﯾداو and Bussmann 2006). Indigenous people including دیﯾﻠﮐ ا :ظﺎﻔﻟ رادﻘﻣ ﺎﮐ ﺎطﻣ ،ہﻌﻟ وکﻟ ،مﻠﻋ ،یرﭨﺳوﯾﺋﻻ ا ﯾ ﯾرﺗوﮭﺗ ﭨﮏﻧ ﭨﮏﻧ ﯾرﺗوﮭﺗ ﯾ ا ،یرﭨﺳوﯾﺋﻻ ،مﻠﻋ وکﻟ ،ہﻌﻟ ﺎطﻣ ﺎﮐ رادﻘﻣ pastoral societies living both in urban and remote ،ﺎتﯾداو نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎﭘ ،ﺎتﯾداو regions of less developed countries rear animals as زﯾﻧﻟډ : an important source of food, income, and social سﭘ ﻣ ﻧ ظ ر : د ﭘ نﺎﺗﺳﮐﺎ دﮐ مر ﮫﭘ اوﺳﻟو ﻲﻟ ،ﯥﮐ وﮑﻠﺧ ﺎﯾﺷﯾوﻣ وﻧ ﻧ •ﻏورﺎ د د •ﻏورﺎ ﻧ وﻧ security (Pica-Ciamarra et al.
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    Initial Environmental Examination Report ________________________________________ Project Number: 47021-002 Loan Number: 3239 PAK: Federally Administered Tribal Areas Water Resources Development Project Initial Environmental Examination Report for Tabai Small Dam, District Khyber Prepared by Project Management Unit, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan For the Asian Development Bank Date received by ADB: Jan 2020 NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and its agencies ends on 30 June. (ii) In this report “$” refer to US dollars. This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project Management Unit PMU FATA Water Resources Development Project FWRDP Merged Areas Secretariat FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) TABAI DAM (KHYBER DISTRICT) SEP, 2018 FATA WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT CONSULTANTS House # 3, Street # 1, Near Board Bazar, Tajabad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Tel: +92 91 5601635 - 6 Fax: +92 91 5840807 E-mail: [email protected]
  • Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

    Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

    GOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Qabail Led Community Support Project (QLCSP) Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized December 21, 2019 To be executed By Planning & Development Department (GoKP) Through Public Disclosure Authorized Directorate of Projects under the Merged Areas Secretariat (MAS) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (GoKP), through Directorate of Projects Planning & Development Department (DP&DD), intends to implement “Qabail Led Community Support Program (QLCSP”) in Khyber district of merged areas (MA) – the erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)1 – and Peshawar and Nowshera districts of KP with the proposed assistance of the World Bank (WB).2 This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared to meet requirements of national legislation of Pakistan and World Bank environmental and social policy requirements to address potential negative impacts from the proposed project. Project Overview Background The Central Asia-South Asia Electricity Transmission and Trade Project (CASA1000) aims to facilitate electricity trade between Central Asia and countries in South Asia by putting in place transmission infrastructure. As part of CASA1000 project, each participating country3 is implementing Community Support Programs (CSPs) to share the benefits associated with the project and to generate support among local communities. Project Area In Pakistan, the CASA1000 transmission line (TL) will pass through approximately 100 kilometer long territory passing through various parts of KP province. The project area accordingly lies in/includes Peshawar and Nowshera districts and Khyber district4 of merged areas (MA). Project Components The Project has four components as briefly described below; and its Project Development Objective (PDO) is “improve access to local infrastructure and strengthen community engagement in the project areas”.
  • Gathered Wild Food Plants Among Diverse Religious Groups in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan

    Gathered Wild Food Plants Among Diverse Religious Groups in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan

    foods Article Gathered Wild Food Plants among Diverse Religious Groups in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan Muhammad Majeed 1, Khizar Hayat Bhatti 1, Andrea Pieroni 2,3 , Renata Sõukand 4 , Rainer W. Bussmann 5 , Arshad Mahmood Khan 6 , Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari 7, Muhammad Abdul Aziz 2 and Muhammad Shoaib Amjad 8,* 1 Department of Botany, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (K.H.B.) 2 University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo/Bra (Cuneo), Italy; [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (M.A.A.) 3 Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil 4401, Iraq 4 Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy; [email protected] 5 Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia; [email protected] 6 Department of Botany, Govt. Hashmat Ali Islamia Degree College Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; [email protected] 7 Department of Botany, Sargodha Campus, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; [email protected] 8 Department of Botany, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh 12500, Pakistan * Correspondence: [email protected] Citation: Majeed, M.; Bhatti, K.H.; Abstract: Recent ethnobotanical studies have raised the hypothesis that religious affiliation can, in Pieroni, A.; Sõukand, R.; Bussmann, certain circumstances, influence the evolution of the use of wild food plants, given that it shapes R.W.; Khan, A.M.; Chaudhari, S.K.; kinship relations and vertical transmission of traditional/local environmental knowledge.
  • Contribution of the Wild Food Plants in the Food System of Tribal Belt of Pakistan; the Pak - Afghan Border Region Abdullah and Shujaul Mulk Khan*

    Contribution of the Wild Food Plants in the Food System of Tribal Belt of Pakistan; the Pak - Afghan Border Region Abdullah and Shujaul Mulk Khan*

    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 19 September 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0454.v1 Article Contribution of the Wild Food Plants in the Food System of Tribal Belt of Pakistan; The Pak - Afghan Border Region Abdullah and Shujaul Mulk Khan* Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The tribal belt of Pakistan-the Pak-Afghan border region is famous for its unique culture, ethnography and wild food plants and traditional knowledge. People of these regions gather wild plants for number of purposes including plants or plant parts for direct use, use it in the traditional cuisines and selling in local markets. However, there is huge lack of documentation of food system particularly the Wild Food Plants (WFPs). In current study we have focused on the uses and contributions of the WFPs in the tribal traditional food system. The ethnobotanical data were gathered through questionnaire surveys with Eighty-four informants 69 men and 15 women belonging to 21 different villages. We documented Sixty-three WFP species belonging to 34 botanical families, of which 27 were used as vegetables, 24 as fruits, 6 in different kinds of chutneys (starters) formation and six as fresh food species. Fruits were the mostly used part (40%) followed by leaves (24%), aerial parts (24%), seeds (7%), stem (3%), legume (2%) and young inflorescence (1%). Use of Carthamus oxycanthus & Pinus roxburghii seeds and Marsillea quadrifolia leaves were the novel reports for the gastronomy of Pakistan. The results elucidate that WFPs have a significant contribution in the Tribal Food Systems.
  • Pakistan Humanitarian Fund Annual Report 2018

    Pakistan Humanitarian Fund Annual Report 2018

    1 PAKISTAN HUMANITARIAN POOLED FUND ANNUAL REPORT 2018 2 PHPF 2018 ANNUAL REPORT THE PHPF THANKS ITS DONORS FOR THEIR GENEROUS SUPPORT IN 2018 CREDITS This document was produced by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) PaKistan. OCHA PaKistan wishes to acKnowledge the contributions of its committed staff at headquarters and in the field in preparing this document. The latest version of this document is available on the PHPF website at https://www.unocha.org/pakistan/about-phpf Full project details, financial updates, real-time allocation data and indicator achievements against targets are available at gms.unocha.org/bi. All data as of 31 December 2018. For additional information, please contact: Pakistan Humanitarian Pooled Fund [email protected] Tel: +92 0518354859 Front Cover Credit: PVDP The designations employed and the presentation of material on this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 FOREWORD 5 2018 IN REVIEW 6 HUMANITARIAN CONTEXT 9 PHPF AT A GLANCE 11 ABOUT PAKISTANHUMANITARIAN FUND 13 DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS 15 ALLOCATION OVERVIEW 17 FUND PERFORMANCE 18 INCLUSIVINESS 21 FLEXIBILITY 22 TIMELINESS 23 EFFICIENCY 26 ACCOUNTABILITY AND RISK MANAGEMENT 28 ACHIEVEMENTS BY CLUSTER 29 CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT 30 EDUCATION 31 HEALTH 32 NUTRITION 34 PROTECTION 35 SHELTER & NON-FOOD ITEMS 36 WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE 38 ANNEXES 39 ALLOCATIONS BY RECIPIENT ORGANIZATION 40 PHPF-FUNDED PROJECTS 41 PHPF ADVISORY BOARD 42 ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS 44 REFERENCE MAP 4 PHPF 2018 ANNUAL REPORT FOREWORD It is a pleasure to share with you the annual report of the jointly deliver and respond to the highest priority needs on Pakistan Humanitarian Pooled Fund (PHPF) for 2018.
  • Initial Environmental Examination Report ______

    Initial Environmental Examination Report ______

    Initial Environmental Examination Report ________________________________________ Project Number: 47021-002 Loan Number: 3239 PAK: Federally Administered Tribal Areas Water Resources Development Project Initial Environmental Examination Report for Command Area Development of Raghagan Dam, District Bajaur Prepared by Project Management Unit, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan For the Asian Development Bank Date received by ADB: October 2019 NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and its agencies ends on 30 June. (ii) In this report “$” refer to US dollars. This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project Management Unit • PMU FATA Water Resources Development Project FWRDP Merged Areas Secretariat FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) COMMAND AREA DEVELOPMENT OF RAGHAGAN DAM SUB PROJECT (BAJAUR DISTRICT) 2019 JOINT VENTURE: FATA WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT CONSULTANTS House # 3, Street # 1, Near Board Bazar, Tajabad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Tel: +92 91 5601635 - 6 Fax: +92 91 5840807 E-mail: [email protected] Initial Environmental Examination: FATA Water Resources Development Project CARD Sub Project TABLE OF CONTENTS S. No. Description Page No.
  • Initial Environmental Examination Report ______

    Initial Environmental Examination Report ______

    Initial Environmental Examination Report ________________________________________ Project Number: 47021-002 Loan Number: 3239 PAK: Federally Administered Tribal Areas Water Resources Development Project Initial Environmental Examination Report for Ganjyano Danish Kool Lift Irrigation District Mohmand Prepared by Project Management Unit, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan For the Asian Development Bank Date received by ADB: July 2019 NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and its agencies ends on 30 June. (ii) In this report “$” refer to US dollars. This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project Management Unit PMU FATA Water Resources Development Project FWRDP Merged Area Secretariat FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) GANJYANO DANISH KOOL LIFT IRRIGATION (MOHMAND TRIBAL DISTRICT) July 2019 JOINT VENTURE: FATA WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT CONSULTANTS House # 3, Street # 1, Near Board Bazar, Tajabad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Tel: +92 91 5601635 - 6 Fax: +92 91 5840807 E-mail: [email protected] Initial Environmental Examination: FATA Water Resources Development Project Ganjyano Danish Kool subproject TABLE OF CONTENTS S. No. Description Page No. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................
  • ADP 2021-22 Planning and Development Department, Govt of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Page 1 of 446 NEW PROGRAMME

    ADP 2021-22 Planning and Development Department, Govt of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Page 1 of 446 NEW PROGRAMME

    ONGOING PROGRAMME SECTOR : Agriculture SUB-SECTOR : Agriculture Extension 1.KP (Rs. In Million) Allocation for 2021-22 Code, Name of the Scheme, Cost TF ADP (Status) with forum and Exp. upto Beyond S.#. Local June 21 2021-22 date of last approval Local Foreign Foreign Cap. Rev. Total 1 170071 - Improvement of Govt Seed 288.052 0.000 230.220 23.615 34.217 57.832 0.000 0.000 Production Units in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. (A) /PDWP /30-11-2017 2 180406 - Strengthening & Improvement of 60.000 0.000 41.457 8.306 10.237 18.543 0.000 0.000 Existing Govt Fruit Nursery Farms (A) /DDWP /01-01-2019 3 180407 - Provision of Offices for newly 172.866 0.000 80.000 25.000 5.296 30.296 0.000 62.570 created Directorates and repair of ATI building damaged through terrorist attack. (A) /PDWP /28-05-2021 4 190097 - Wheat Productivity Enhancement 929.299 0.000 378.000 0.000 108.000 108.000 0.000 443.299 Project in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Provincial Share-PM's Agriculture Emergency Program). (A) /ECNEC /29-08-2019 5 190099 - Productivity Enhancement of 173.270 0.000 98.000 0.000 36.000 36.000 0.000 39.270 Rice in the Potential Areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Provincial Share-PM's Agriculture Emergency Program). (A) /ECNEC /29-08-2019 6 190100 - National Oil Seed Crops 305.228 0.000 113.000 0.000 52.075 52.075 0.000 140.153 Enhancement Programme in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Provincial Share-PM's Agriculture Emergency Program).
  • Un Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Merged Districts Support Programme Qualitative Research Finding

    Un Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Merged Districts Support Programme Qualitative Research Finding

    UN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA MERGED DISTRICTS SUPPORT PROGRAMME QUALITATIVE RESEARCH FINDINGS LOCAL GRIEVANCES AND COMPLAINT REGISTRATION MECHANISMS May – June 2019 Verso ConsultIng Pvt. Ltd 1 General FindIngs The UNRCO team has undertaken a research exercise to inform the back-end structure of the programme’s Grievance Redress Mechanism. The qualitative enquiry has been conducted in a selection of 15 tehsils/sub-divisions across 5 NMDs (Khyber, Kurram, Orakzai, North Waziristan, and South Waziristan) with three tehsils selected per district. Through 30 focus group discussions (15 male and 15 female) and 30 key informant interviews the research team has investigated the following: a) status of mobility for different target groups; b) patterns of vulnerability and exclusion; c) access to social and economic services; d) various types of grievances; e) channels of registering complaints; and f) perceptions of the forthcoming transition in rule of law. The research found that mobility is generally problematic for a majority of the population due to lack of transport facilities and fuel service points, however mobility for women is disproportionately restricted across 4 of 5 districts (Khyber being the exception). Additionally in areas with active sectarian conflict (Orakzai and Kurram) mobility is severely restricted for religious minorities and women. While most respondents reported monthly household income under PKR 15,000/- and high poverty remains an excluding factor, exclusion from social and public participation is also a function of gender, disability, and age. Similarly, in access to services, schools, hospitals, rural and remote populations are disproportionately excluded. Local health centers/ BHUs are mostly unreliable in terms of service capacity – those who can afford the travel expense rely on health centers in the district headquarters or travel to big cities.
  • E-Newsletter on COVID-19 Contents……

    E-Newsletter on COVID-19 Contents……

    E-Newsletter on COVID-19 Vol. 02, No, 18 Issue: 27 February to 01 March, 2021 …..About Newsletter Contents…… Subscribe In order to keep abreast of emerging issues at the National/International and Op-Eds local level, the SDPI brings Articles/Editorials/News comments …………………………….…...02 out a Bi-weekly E-Newsletter on “COVID-19”. National News It carries reference • Islamabad • Punjab information’s to the News • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa • Gilgit Baltistan items/Comments/Op-Eds • Sindh • AJK appearing in leading • Balochistan • National/International dailies. International News Newspapers Covered: • Countries News • Donors News • Dawn • The News SDPI Engagements • The Express Tribune • Webinars News • Researchers Articles • The Nation • Urdu Newspapers coverages • SDPI: Other Engagement • Business Recorder • SDPI Related News • Daily Times • Pakistan Observer • Pakistan Today • Urdu Point A Product of ASRC-SDPI Sustainable Development Policy Institute, SDPI Team: Data Managed by: 10-D West, 3rd Floor, Taimoor Chamber, Fazl-ul-Haq Road, Shahid Rasul , Abid Rasheed Blue Area, Islamabad. Pakistan, Compile & Layout Design by: Tel: +92.51. 2278134, Fax: 2278135, Ali Aamer Javed COVID _19: E-Newsletter Op-Eds/Articles/Editorials Op-Eds/Articles/Editorials Violence during a pandemic Source: Benazir Jatoi, The News, International , 2021-02-28 The global pandemic has fuelled a parallel contagion of violence against women and girls. A recent Aurat Foundation research report titled,Violence Against Women and Girls in the Time of the COVID pandemic, documents over 2,000 reported cases of violence, in the year of the pandemic. Out of these cases, over 600 were of murder, “honour” killings and suicide. Most reported crimes agains.....more >> A marathon ahead Source: Brendan Vickers & Dr Salamat Ali & Neil Balchin, The News, International , 2021-02-28 The world marked a historic milestone on February 3, when the number of Covid-19 vaccinations globally surpassed the number of confirmed cases on that day.
  • Pakistan Annual Country Report 2020 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 Table of Contents

    Pakistan Annual Country Report 2020 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 Table of Contents

    SAVING LIVES CHANGING LIVES Pakistan Annual Country Report 2020 Country Strategic Plan 2018 - 2022 Table of contents 2020 Overview 3 Context and operations & COVID-19 response 7 Risk Management 8 Partnerships 10 CSP Financial Overview 11 Programme Performance 13 Strategic outcome 01 13 Strategic outcome 02 15 Strategic outcome 03 17 Strategic outcome 04 19 Strategic outcome 05 21 Cross-cutting Results 23 Progress towards gender equality 23 Protection and accountability to affected populations 24 Environment 25 Data Notes 25 Figures and Indicators 27 WFP contribution to SDGs 27 Beneficiaries by Sex and Age Group 28 Beneficiaries by Residence Status 28 Beneficiaries by Programme Area 29 Annual Food Transfer 29 Annual Cash Based Transfer and Commodity Voucher 29 Strategic Outcome and Output Results 31 Cross-cutting Indicators 49 Pakistan | Annual Country Report 2020 2 2020 Overview When it rains it pours. 2020 for Pakistan was a true embodiment of this phrase, both literally and figuratively. The country has had to brave extreme winter snowfall, locusts and monsoon flooding alongside the global COVID-19 pandemic in a context where over a third of the population was food-insecure. The situation was further complicated by the volatile security situation in certain parts of the country. WFP continued to work with national and provincial authorities, donors and other partners to ensure that vulnerable populations had access to an adequate and healthy diet. Keeping in view the continued humanitarian needs arising from the multiple hazards and shocks in 2020, WFP revised its Country Strategic Plan (CSP) to accommodate the increased needs of affected population groups.