GOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Qabail Led Community Support Project (QLCSP) Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized December 21, 2019 To be executed By Planning & Development Department (GoKP) Through Public Disclosure Authorized Directorate of Projects under the Merged Areas Secretariat (MAS) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (GoKP), through Directorate of Projects Planning & Development Department (DP&DD), intends to implement “Qabail Led Community Support Program (QLCSP”) in Khyber district of merged areas (MA) – the erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)1 – and Peshawar and Nowshera districts of KP with the proposed assistance of the World Bank (WB).2 This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared to meet requirements of national legislation of Pakistan and World Bank environmental and social policy requirements to address potential negative impacts from the proposed project. Project Overview Background The Central Asia-South Asia Electricity Transmission and Trade Project (CASA1000) aims to facilitate electricity trade between Central Asia and countries in South Asia by putting in place transmission infrastructure. As part of CASA1000 project, each participating country3 is implementing Community Support Programs (CSPs) to share the benefits associated with the project and to generate support among local communities. Project Area In Pakistan, the CASA1000 transmission line (TL) will pass through approximately 100 kilometer long territory passing through various parts of KP province. The project area accordingly lies in/includes Peshawar and Nowshera districts and Khyber district4 of merged areas (MA). Project Components The Project has four components as briefly described below; and its Project Development Objective (PDO) is “improve access to local infrastructure and strengthen community engagement in the project areas”. COMPONENT 1: Community Outreach and Communications for CASA1000: This component will finance community outreach and awareness campaign, key stakeholders’ workshops, seminars etc. pertaining to the CASA1000 Transmission Line (TL). It will target the communities located within a four-kilometer-wide Corridor of Influence (CoI) along the route of 1 Subject to availability of resources, success of the CSP and contingent on criteria to be specified in the Operations Manual, the project may support activities in adjoining communities or districts of the MA over time, as part of the rollout of the Qabail-Led Community Support Program (QLCSP). 2 “Qabail” is an Urdu and Pushto word that translates as Tribes/Tribal. 3 Participating countries include: (i) Kyrgyz Republic, (ii) Tajikistan, (iii) Afghanistan, and (iv) Pakistan 4 The districts of Newly Merged Areas are: Khyber, Orakzai, Kurram, South Waziristan (SWZ), North Waziristan (NWZ), Bajaur; and Mohmand districts of erstwhile FATA. These districts will interchangeably be referred to as Merged Districts (MDs), Merged Areas (MA) or simply districts in this report. Draft ESMF CSP Page i the TL. The activities will aim to create the conditions for a smooth construction of CASA1000 by establishing two-way communication with communities which may experience inconvenience during construction but will not benefit directly from the transmission line. COMPONENT 2: Community Mobilization and Capacity Building: This component will facilitate community participation in the planning, implementation, and Operations and Maintenance (O&M) of basic community infrastructure schemes in the project areas. In addition, it will include citizen engagement activities to mitigate the risk of conflict, promote social cohesion, and build trust between citizens and the state. The activities will be structured under two sub-components summarized below. Sub-Component 2.1: Mobilization for Implementation of Infrastructure Schemes: This subcomponent will mobilize communities to undertake small-scale infrastructure subprojects financed under Component 3 and build capacity for Qabail led community- driven development in the project areas. It will ensure that communities actively participate in local decision-making and in the use of project sub-grants. This will be achieved through the formation of Community Development Councils (CDCs), which will be the main mechanism for community participation and oversight of project investments in each community. Sub-Component 2.2: Mobilization for Citizen Engagement: This subcomponent will establish citizen engagement activities to promote community participation and mitigate the possibility of conflict in the project areas. In addition, it will promote youth participation in local development activities. The activities will focus on engaging the youth in community affairs to build trust and address state-citizen relations with social activities that go beyond the infrastructure-focused participatory process outlined under Subcomponent 2.1. The trust-building and conflict resolution activities will be spearheaded by the Youth Sub-Committees (YSCs) and will be carried out in close collaboration with existing/ traditional conflict resolution mechanisms in the project communities. COMPONENT 3: Community Investments in Local Infrastructure: This component will provide sub-grants for local infrastructure schemes to address local development priorities, as identified through a participatory needs assessment and selected through participatory decision- making processes outlined above. The activities will support three types of work: (a) rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure; (b) construction of new infrastructure; and (c) Operation & Maintenance (O&M) of the rehabilitated/constructed infrastructure. All such schemes have to be a part of the public infrastructure available (or for provision of access to it), which would benefit multiple number of beneficiaries. As discussed under the previous component, community-led decision making for identification and implementation of infrastructure schemes would be a key principle for this component. Prior to the funding of Sub- projects, each community will provide evidence through the Social Mobilization Partners (SMPs) that the social mobilization process and participatory selection of the Sub-projects have Draft ESMF CSP Page ii been undertaken genuinely. The eligible subprojects may include, but not be limited to5: i. On-grid and off-grid electricity infrastructure, including renewable energy technologies (e.g. solar, wind, biogas, smokeless stoves, micro-hydro plants, etc.); ii. Street Lighting; iii. School and Health Facility Improvements; iv. Water Supply and Sanitation Infrastructure; v. Rehabilitation of Tertiary Roads and Farm-to-Market Access Roads; vi. Local Farm Irrigation Systems; vii. Local Economic Infrastructure that serve a public purpose, including small-scale processing facilities for horticultural products, cold storage facilities, farm machinery workshops, fruit polishing and packaging units, milk collection and chilling units, and other similar infrastructure. The selected subprojects, including their O&M plans, will need to be technically viable according to a checklist and demonstrate sustainability according to criteria that will be detailed in the project’s Operations Manual. Based on experience from previous community-based projects in the area, most of the schemes are expected to be small scale, costing less than US$ 30,000. On environmental and social safeguard aspects the activities under this Component include civil works and as such are more relevant. COMPONENT 4: Project Management and Monitoring and Evaluation: This component will finance the operational expenditures incurred by the Project Implementation Unit for overall project coordination, management, and supervision of the implementation of subprojects. In addition, it will also finance systems for Procurement and Financial Management, Environmental and Social Safeguards, Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E); and activities including project audits and technical studies. Project Beneficiaries The project beneficiaries are the communities located within a four-kilometers-wide Corridor of Influence (CoI) along the route of the CASA1000 transmission line after it enters Pakistan at Torkham and culminates at the Nowshera Grid Station, as well as selected communities in the other districts of the Newly Merged Areas after identification. Project Implementation Arrangements 5 The menu will include a “positive list” (schemes eligible for support under the project) and a “negative list” (schemes ineligible for support under the project) to maintain fairness and consistency in the size and complexity of the infrastructure schemes financed by the project. The detail will be provided in the project’s Operations Manual Draft ESMF CSP Page iii A dedicated “Project Management Unit (PMU)” will be established by the Directorate of Projects Planning & Development Department (P&DD) for CASA CSP. The PMU will be responsible for project implementation as well as coordination with involved line directorates of agriculture, livestock, irrigation, public health, and works and services department etc. The PMU will further establish two Field /Sub-offices as proposed below: (i) Sub-office (Peshawar and Nowshera): This Sub-office will oversee project activities in the section of the CoI in KP; (ii) Sub-Office (Khyber District) to oversee project activities in the section of the CoI