JULY, 1929 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW 301 POSITIONS AND AREAS OF SUN SPOTS POSITIONS AND AREAS OF SUN SPOTS-Continued [Commuaicatod by Capt. C. S. Freeman, Superintendent t’. P. Sav~lOhcrvatory. Data furnished by Naval Observatory, iu cooperation with Elarvard, Yerkes, and Heliographic Mount Wilson ohservatories. The differences of loiigitude are measured from contra1 Eastern meridian, positire west. The north latitudes are PIUS. Areas ora corrected lor fore- tanBerd - shortening-and are expressed in millionths of sun’s visihle hemisphere. The total Date civil mea, including spots and groups, is given for each d3y in the last column] Diff. Longi- Lati- time long. tude tude ___-___ __- - - - __ Heliographic 3astern h. m. Landard __ -- c_ (NRral Ohserrs- 11 57 -81.5 147.3 -10.0 Date tory). -iQ.5 149.3 civil Diff. .ongi- Lati- +:. 5 time spot -33.0 19.5. n -16.0 long. tude tude -19.0 209.8 +7.0 +9.0 237. 8 f15.0 4-25.0 253. E -7.0 1929 h. m. +SO. 0 2’18. n $5. 5 (Naval Observa- 11 20 -76.5 324. 7 +lo. 0 46 +53. 0 281. n -4.5 tory). -E.0 338.2 -Y. 0 -43.5 357. I -13.0 3 (Naval Ohserra- 10 32 -84.0 132.4 f15.0 -37.0 4.2 -8.0 tory). -7s. 0 138.4 -5. 0 -35.5 5., +ii. 5 -fig. 0 147.4 +6. 5 -12.5 2s. 7 -18.0 -68.0 14s. 4 -10.0 -6. 0 35. 2 +8. 0 -20.0 196.4 -16.5 -2.5 38.7 -13.0 ...-. fly. 0 235.4 +15.5 $39.5 80.7 -16.5 123 +3n. o 254 4 -7. 0 4-66.5 82.9 -5. 0 (Naral Observa- I1 14 -66.0 322.1 +IO. 0 tory). -.IS. 5 339.6 -Y. 0 (Nsval Ohserva- 10 59 -fig. 0 133.9 $14.5 -22.0 c. 1 +e. 5 tory). -62 5 140.4 -4. 5 -20.5 8. 6 -Y. 5 -%. 0 146.9 4-65 +s. 0 3R. 1 +7.0 -54.0 14%9 -9. 5 4-11.5 39. 6 -12.5 -6.0 I(l6. 9 -16.0 f52.0 80.1 -16 5 -t32.5 235.4 +16. 0 -ti&5 281.4 -4.5 (Naval Observa. I1 3 -53.5 321.4 +lo. 0 tow). -35.5 339.4 -9. 5 (Nan1 Observa- 11 6 -69.0 120.6 -3. 5 -8.6 6. 4 +6.5 tory). -57.0 132 ti +15.0 +22. 5 3i. 4 +6. 5 .-__._._ -49.5 140.1 -4. 5 +3.0 37.9 -13.0 46 .. -. . . . . -42.5 147. 1 +6. 5 +65.0 79.9 -16.0 _._753 -40.0 149.6 -9. 5 fi.5 1Yi. 1 -16. 0 (Naval Observa. 10 4s -84.5 277. 3 +6.5 21 6 .. . . - - +45.0 234.6 Cl6.0 tory). -22 0 339. a -9.0 324 .-. -. -. +fi.5 8.3 +5. 5 139 ... ..-. . (Navel Ohwrva- 11 7 -55.5 120.9 -3.0 +35.0 30. n -13.5 31 ._._.__.tory). -44.0 132.4 +IS. 0 +i9.5 SI. 3 -16.6 ._...-.. ,449 -35.5 140.9 -4. 5 -2%. 5 14i. 9 +G. 0 (Naval Ohserva 10 51 -69.5 279.1 +6. 5 139 .-. -. . -. -2i. 0 149.4 -10.0 tory). -s. 0 340.6 -n. 5 309 .- .-...- +20.5 196.9 -16.0 +m.5 9. 1 +5.0 ._._._..._._.... +43.0 31.6 -a.5 139 ._._.. .. (Nard Otmrva- 14 17 -29. 5 131.9 + 15.0 +4&6 37.1 -14.0 15 695 tory). -20.0 141.4 -4.5 -14.0 14:. 4 4-6. 5 (Naval Obserm 10 34 44.5 251.0 -6. 5 - 13.0 148.4 -10.0 tory). -57.0 278. 5 +6.0 $36.0 197.4 -1G. 0 -16. s 319.0 +n. o 4-5. 5 341. U -9. 0 (Nard OhSerTa- 10 26 -68.0 82. 3 -15.0 3.320 2. 5 +23.0 tory). -43.5 1Ui. b 4-3.5 +32.0 ,. 5 +6. 0 -1s. 5 131. n f15.0 +56.5 32.0 -21.0 -Y. 0 141.3 -4. 0 -3. 0 147.3 3.6.5 (Naval Observa 11 3 -69.5 252. 5 -6. 5 +o. 5 Ira. 8 -9. 5 tory). -43.5 27s. 5 +6. 5 +47. 0 IYi.3 -16.0 -18.5 303.5 -7. 5 f19.5 341.5 4.5 (Naval Observa- 10 37 -69.0 0s. 0 +6.0 i-47.5 9. 5 .+e. 0 tory). -55.5 81.5 -14.5 +il. 0 33.0 -21.5 -54.6 s2. 5 +2. 5 -29.5 107.5 +3.0 July S (Naval Obserrs. 11 9 -so. 0 228.7 +16. 5 -17.5 119.5 -1 0 t,ory). -56.5 252, 2 -6.0 +4.5 141.5 -4.0 -30.0 258. i +0.5 +lo. 5 147.5 +7. 0 -2. 5 306.2 -7. 5 f12.5 149.5 -9. 5 +33.5 342.2 -8. 5 +SI. 0 io8. o -16.0 +6l. 0 9. 7 +5. 5 +no. 5 29.2 -23.0 (Naval Observe- 14 15 -54.5 67.2 +6.0 tory. -39.5 82. 2 -14.5 (Naval Obswvn. 11 10 -66.5 23.9 +16.5 -13.0 1m. 7 +3. 0 tory). -43.5 251.9 -6. 0 0.0 121.7 -3.0 -1;. 5 2ii. Y 4-6. 5 +21.o 142.7 -3. 5 -17.0 27s. 4 -6. 5 +26.5 148.2 +7.0 t47.0 342.4 --Y. 0 ..__.. +27.0 148.7 -9.0 +73.5 5. 9 +5. 5 108 +77.5 199.2 -16.0 (Naval Ohscrva 11 10 -9.0 194.2 -15.5 24i (Naval Observa- 10 39 -44.5 66. 0 +e. 5 tory). -53.0 225.2 +16.5 6 tory). -28.5 82. 0 -14.0 -29.5 252.7 -6: 5 37 +E. 0 122.5 -3. 5 --I 5 277. 7 +5. 0 12 +32.5 143.0 -3.5 -3.0 279.2 -6.0 .__.__ +3n. 0 148.5 -9.0 +BO. 5 342.7 -8.0 ._____ +38.0 148.5 +i. 0

-1 (Naval Obserra. 13 5 - 1-. 0 195.9 -16.5 Julytory). 24 (Naval Obserra- 10 45 --Bo. 0 37. 2 -21.5 tory). -38. o 229.9 +IO. 5 3 -30.5 66. 7 +e. 5 -15.0 252.9 -6. 5 31 -15.0 82. 2 -14.5 +IO. 5 2iS. 4 +5. 5 f45.5 142.7 -3. 5 +12.0 279.9 -5. 5 +51.5 148.7 +7. 5 +76.5 344.4 -n. o 3.51.5 14s. 7 -9.0 July l2,iMt. Wilsonj..-- 9 30 -60.0 196.7 -16.0 (Naval Obserra- 11 6 -48.5 35.3 -22.0 -2. 5 254.2 -7.0 tory). -1i. 0 66. 8 +S. 5 +no 27s. 7 +5.0 16 1 ._._____ -4.0 70.8 -15.5 +u.0 280. ‘ -5.0 1,112, 1,771 +66.0 149. n -9.5 (Naval Observa- 10 40 -47.5 195.3 -16.0 tory). -33.5 209.3 + 8.5 (Naval Obserra- 10 57 -36.0 34. 6 -21.5 -& 0 236. n f15.0 tory). -20.5 50. 1 -12.5 +11.0 253. n -7.0 -3.0 67. 6 +6.5 +35.0 277.8 +s 0 +9.5 80. 1 -15.5 +an. 5 81.3 -5.0 +so. 0 150.0 -9. 5

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/23/21 02:01 PM UTC 302 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW JULY,1929

POSITIONS AND AREAS OF SUN SPOTS-Continued

Heliographic Area Total Eastern - area Date standard for civil Diff. Longi- Lati- time long. i tude tude Spot Group zi Relative July, numbers f.:: JU~,,, lg~ :,ki't'

0 (Naval Observa- tOm49 -22 0 tory). 1 -12 5 +e. 5 (Naval Observa- 10 46 -12.5 tory). -12.0 4-6.5 (Naval Observa- 10 50 +Q. 5 .~~~~ r0l.Y). -21.0 -10.5 7_------79 17______470 1 27______67 +7. 5 S 73 18______70 28 ______158 9 MP5711 19 1 73 I 29 1 4 45 ______I ______.ruly 30 (Naval Observa- 10 46 +e. 0 WY). -37.0 340.8 +21.0 10______473 20 ______I73 30______E243 -30.0 347.8 -8.0 1 11 31 ______Ia 60 -4.5 13.3 +3.0 +10.0 27.8 i-30.0 +16.0 33.8 -m.5 +36.0 53.8 -10.5 Mean (31 days) =70.1. +50.0 67.8 +7.0 I=Passage of an average-sized group through the central meridian. l=New formation of a large or average-sieed center of activity: E, on the eastern part (Naval Observa- 10 46 -75.5 539.1 -3. 5 of the sun's disk: W. on the western Dart: M. in the central zone. tory). -30.0 334.6 -8.0 1=Entranca of a large or average-sized center of activity on the east limb. -23.0 341.6 +2l. 6 a= Passage group through the central meridian. +%.O 33.6 -20.5 of a large 4-50.0 54.6 -10.5 --+63.0 67.6 -+7.5 Mean daily area for July. - t- - - - - __ .-. ______AEROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS By RICHMONDT. ZOCR Free-air temperatures were below normal at all levels TABLE1.-Free47 temperatures, relative humidities, and vapor pres- at Broken Arrow and Due West and above normal at 8i~resduring July, 1929 TEMPERATURE ("C.) Ellendale and Washington. (See Table 1.) The inverse - relationshi found between the temperature and relative I I I I I I Rachinr- humidity eprtrtures is exceptionally &king. Broken Ar- Due Wmt. Ellendale, Oroesbeck, Royal Cen- ton, D E. B I row (Ikl~.1 S. C. 1 N. Dak 1 Tex I ter, Ind 1 (Nik Free-air vapor pressure departures were variable and 1233 heters) (217 mcters)l(~4meters) (141 meters) (225 meters)\ station) (7 of small magnitude. This fach is self-explanatory on account of the inverse relation of the te.mpernture and humidity departures. In agree,ment,with the small vapor pressure departures, the total precipitat,ion for the month was close to the normal at these stations, exepting Washington, where it was considerably below norma.1. In the lower levels the resultant winds were southerly iT1eltrr over practically the entire c.ountry. At the 3,000-meter S rface level the resultant winds were easterly in the ext,reme d....:: 1,ooo... .. Southern States and we.sterly over t,he re.mainder of the 1,500.. .. . 2.ooo... .. country. Above the 3,000-nietmerlevel they remained 2,500.. .-. easterly in the extreme South but changed to nort,k- 3.000.. .-. 4.ooo...... westerly in the northenst,ern part of the count,ry a.nd to 5,ooo... .. - southwesterly on the Pacific coast. The number of ohservat,ions made (see Table 3) in- cludes 4 capt8iveballoon and 10 limited-height sounding IIII,I Surface.. 72 +3' 73 -10' &3 +8 i3 +I11 gi balloon flight,s. These types of observat>ionswill proba- 500...... 71 78 59 -9 81 +4 72 +9 --: 72 +2 51 -1: 73 +6 71 +4 59 -5 bly be increasingly used. 1,5OO..... 68 +6 51 --I fa +I il +5 57 -R 2. ooo..... 62 +3 ;; +5 51 -4 52 -7 tn -1 56 -io 2. 500...-. 68 73 +a 51 -2 4; -11 55 -1 54 -10 3, 000..... 62 i5 4-6 51 0 42 -15 60 +IO 52 -7 4, ooo... -.____ -..--... M +3 47 - 3-.-... .____.45 +4 33 -17 5,000_..__ .-.....____. -..__. -- -.. - .- - .--- ..- ...___36 -17

VAPOR PRESSURE (mb.) I 24.62 +O. 59 25.00-0.15 16.13 -0.98 26. 57 +o. 94 21. 23.52 +O. 52 21.74 +o. 79 20.46 +O. 08 15.68 -0.86 23.!4+1.46 18. 1418.06+0.17 68 4-0.15 18.08 +l. os 16. !3 -0.95 12.15 -0.69 18.,6+1.75 15. 14.43 +O. 59 14. t4 +0.37 9.98 -0.31 13.44 -0.05 12. 11.91;-0.29 11.07 +0.11 12.01 +o. 29 8.27 -0.01 9.57 -1.40 9. 9.92 -0. 21 +o. 60 $08 -0.2s 6.48 -0.23 7.41 -1.62 6. 7.83 -0.30 9.40I. 17 -0.01 r.39 -0.17 5.46 +O. 06 5. 62 -1.99 5. 6.15 -0.08

_____.~ _.--.I13 -0.68 3.73+0.0?. . .- - - - - 2. 2.28 -1. !l

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