Sustainable Tourism Development Plan 2010 to 2020 Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park Region
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PEOPLE’S COMMITTEE OF QUANG BINH PROVINCE Sustainable Tourism Development Plan 2010 to 2020 Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park Region September, 2010 Prepared by Tourism Resource Consultants (TRC) Prepared for Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH As part of the Nature Conservation and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in the Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region Project ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank BMZ Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung CBT Community Based Tourism CBfT Community Benefit Tourism CPC Commune Peoples‟ Committee CTMB Community Tourism Management Board DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development DED Deutscher Entwicklungsdienst DPC District Peoples‟ Committee DPI Department of Planning and Investment DCST Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism FFI Flora and Fauna International FIT Free Independent Travellers GDP Gross Domestic Product GMS Greater Mekong Subregion GTZ Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit HCMC Ho Chi Minh City HRD Human Resource Development IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau LAC Limits of Acceptable Change Lao PDR Lao Peoples‟ Democratic Republic MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MCST Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism MTCO Meking Tourism Coordination Office ODA Overseas Development Assistance/Agency PATA Pacific Asia Travel Association PNKB Phong Nha Ke Bang PNKB NP Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park PPC Provincial Peoples‟ Committee SEDP Socio-Economic Development Plan STDP Sustainable Tourism Development Plan TOR Terms of Reference TIPC Tourism Information and Promotion Centre TRC Tourism Resource Consultants UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation VFR Visiting Friends and Relatives VNAT Vietnam National Administration of Tourism WHS World Heritage Site Sustainable Tourism Development Plan - Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS II TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES VI Figures vi Tables vi INTRODUCTION 7 1. PREAMBLE 7 1.1. Introduction 7 1.2. Mandate and orientation 8 1.3. Planning vision and timeframe 9 1.4. Geographical jurisdiction 10 1.5. Structure 12 2. PLANNING CONTEXT 13 2.1. Legal background 13 2.2. Current planning situation 15 2.3. Planning approach 17 2.4. Planning methodology 18 CHAPTER ONE - ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF TOURISM SITUATION AND POTENTIALS FOR THE PHONG NHA KE BANG NATIONAL PARK REGION, QUANG BINH AND VIETNAM 19 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PNKB NATIONAL PARK REGION 19 1.1. The Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region 19 1.2. Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park 20 1.3. The Bufferzone 22 1.4. Institutional Framework of the Phong Nha Ke Bang Region 23 2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 25 2.1. Current Tourism Situation in Vietnam 25 2.2. Tourism in Quang Binh and PNKB NP Region 31 2.3. Sustainable Tourism Development Analysis for PNKB NP Region 40 2.4. Strategic Directions for Sustainable Tourism Development for PNKB NP Region 44 CHAPTER TWO - SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE PHONG NHA KE BANG NATIONAL PARK REGION 2010 – 2020 45 1. PLANNING VISION, OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES 45 1.1. Planning vision 45 1.2. Sustainable tourism planning objectives 46 1.3. Sustainable tourism planning principles 46 2. FUTURE TOURISM GROWTH AND KEY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE PNKBNP REGION 48 Sustainable Tourism Development Plan - Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region iii 2.1. Principles for sustainable tourism growth 48 2.2. Forecast of visitors to the PNKB NP Region 48 2.3. Strategies for sustainable tourism growth 50 2.4. Key strategic tourism growth indicators and targets 50 3. SPATIAL FUNCTIONAL AND TOURISM ZONING 53 3.1. Introduction 53 3.2. Description of Tourism Zones 53 3.3. Guidelines for spatial functional zones 55 4. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT PROPOSAL PROCESS 64 4.1. Tourism Development Investment: Calls for Proposals and Initial Screening 64 4.2. Sustainable tourism development criteria for the proposal review, approval, implementation and operations process 64 5. GUIDELINES AND ACTIVITIES FOR INVOLVING COMMUNITIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION AND LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 66 5.1. Introduction 66 5.2. Community Based Tourism (CBT) 66 5.3. Community Benefit Tourism (CBfT) 68 5.4. Legislative imperatives and support 72 5.5. Strategic Planning Framework 73 5.6. Development activities 74 6. TOURISM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 76 6.1. Strategic approach and development guidelines 76 6.2. Orientation of tourism products and tourism routes 77 6.3. Strategic planning framework 82 6.4. Development activities 85 7. TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION 91 7.1. Strategic approach and guidelines 91 7.2. Strategic planning framework 92 7.3. Development activities 93 8. TOURISM INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND INTERPRETATION MANAGEMENT 95 8.1. Introduction 95 8.2. Strategic approach and development guidelines 95 8.3. Strategic planning framework 96 8.4. Development activities 97 9. TOURISM HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 99 9.1. Strategic approach and guidelines 99 9.2. Strategic planning framework 100 9.3. Development activities 102 10. TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE AND INVESTMENT 104 10.1. Introduction 104 Sustainable Tourism Development Plan - Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region iv 10.2. Strategic approach and guidelines 104 10.3. Current supporting infrastructure development considerations 105 10.4. Strategic planning framework 106 10.5. Development activities 107 CHAPTER THREE - IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS, SOLUTIONS, MONITORING AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 110 1. IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS 110 1.1. Management 110 1.2. Policies 112 2. IMPLEMENTATION SOLUTIONS 114 2.1. Raising awareness on Tourism 114 2.2. Solutions for tourism development management 115 2.3. Solutions for tourism development policies 116 2.4. Promotion and marketing solutions 118 2.5. Human Resource Development Solutions 119 2.6. Financial solutions 119 3. MONITORING GUIDELINES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION 121 3.1. Introduction 121 3.2. Baselines, indicators and targets 122 3.3. Monitoring guidelines 124 3.4. STDP monitoring 125 4. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 127 4.1. Introduction 127 4.2. Short term (up to 2012) priority implementation activities 128 4.3. Medium term (2013 to 2015) implementation objectives 141 4.4. Long term (up to 2020) implementation directives 143 APPENDIX 144 Appendix 1: Description of Visitor Markets and Segments 144 Appendix 2: Current Tourism Related Construction and Investment Projects for Quang Binh Province 149 Appendix 3: Yearly Visitor Market Segment Growth Estimates 151 Appendix 4: Yearly Visitor Number Forecast 152 Appendix 5: Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria 153 Appendix 6: PNKB National Park Region Tourism Site Assessments 156 Appendix 7: List of Tourism Activities by Tourism Site and Target Market 210 Appendix 8: Tourism business operations, Concession Policies and Regulations 215 Appendix 9: Operating Agreement for Community Based Tourism in the Bufferzone 223 Appendix 10: List of Potential Tourism Development Indicators 226 Appendix 11: List of key participants in the planning process 236 Sustainable Tourism Development Plan - Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park Region v LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figures Figure 1: Map of administrative borders of the PNKB NP and communes in the Buffer zone ................... 19 Figure 2: Organisational structure of the PNKB NP ................................................................................... 21 Figure 3: Institutional framework for the PNKB NP Region ........................................................................ 24 Figure 3: International visitor arrivals to Vietnam ....................................................................................... 25 Figure 5: Tourism flows through Vietnam ................................................................................................... 29 Figure 6: Map of the GMS Region .............................................................................................................. 30 Figure 7: Seasonality of visitors to PNKB NP region .................................................................................. 34 Figure 8: Map of the tourism zones of the Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park Region........................... 62 Figure 9: Map of the tourism sites of the Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park Region ............................ 63 Figure 10: Map of the detailed tourism routes and sites of the PNKB NP Region ..................................... 80 Figure 11: Map of the detailed tourism routes and sites of the PNKB National Park Region .................... 81 Figure 12: Tourism concession system .................................................................................................... 217 Tables Table 1: Summary of jurisdictional zoning of PNKB NP Region ................................................................ 11 Table 3: Relevant national level laws ......................................................................................................... 13 Table 4: Relevant National and Regional level decisions .......................................................................... 13 Table 5: Relevant international level agreements ...................................................................................... 14 Table 6: Ethnic minorities per commune .................................................................................................... 22 Table 7: Visitor figures to Quang