228

Index

2001: A Space Odyssey, 177 Andreas, Peter, 162 Android, 170 Abt, Clark, 73 Angwin, Julia, 171 Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) 92–102 Apple, 3, 177–178, 181, 184 accountability, vii, xix, 22, 75, 84–85, 128, artificial intelligence (AI), xiii–xiv, 13, 40, 142, 143, 166, 171, 188, 191, 193, 197 124–133, 138–152, 157, 167, 171, accuracy, vii, x–xi, 5, 9, 10–12, 26, 30–32, 175, 179–184, 214–216, 224–225 57–58, 65, 66, 75, 77–79, 141, and ethical challenges, 141–152 214, 225 and ethical requirements, 143–144 Adam, 131 and workflows, 151–152 Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Tedros, 202–203 Applegren, Ester., 192 Agence France-Presse, 165, 170 Archant, 130 Aitamurto, Tanja, 59, 64 Associated Press, 13, 56, 58, 61, 64, Alexa, 176–182 125–126, 131, 139–140, 166–167 Alexander, Jeffrey C., vii–ix, 96, 99–100, Athenian political culture, 158 101–102 attachments, 34–36 algorithms, xiii–xiv, 3, 13, 124–133, audience engagement, xii–xii, 20–38 138–152, 157–172, 175, 180–184, Audrey, 176–177 204, 209, 214–216, 224–225 Automated Insights, 125–126 AlgorithmWatch, 168, 171 Automating the News, 164, 165, 171 Alibaba, 171, 179 autonomy, 8, 93, 99–100, 141, 143 Aljazeera, 74 Azure, 182 AllGenie Voz, 179 Alloa, Emmanuel, 187 COPYRIGHTEDBad News, 83 MATERIAL Almodóvar, Pedro, 120 Baidu, 179 Alphabet, 174 Ballon, P., 6–7 Amazon, 3, 171, 176, 179, 181–182, 184 Baranetsky, Victoria, 169 Amazon Prime, 3 Barnhurst, Kevin, 96 Amazon Race, The, 81 Barot, Trushar, 180 Amnesty International, 171 Belair-Gagnon, Valerie, 42, 44, 47 Amnesty Tech, 170, 171 Bell, Emily, 158 Anchorage Daily News, 162 Bell Labs, 176–177 Anderson, Christopher William, 109 Berger, Stefan, 187

News Media Innovation Reconsidered: Ethics and Values in a Creative Reconstruction of Journalism, First Edition. Edited by María Luengo and Susana Herrera-Damas. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Berry, David, 159 Carlos III University, xv, 145, 150 Bertrand, Claude-Jean, 192–193 Carlson, Matt, 111 big data, xiii–xiv, 12, 108–112, 115, 138, 164 Carlyle, Thomas, 159 Big Local News COVID-19 Global Case Carr, Nicholas, 98 Mapper, 46 Casasús, Josep María, 96 Birkenfeld, Bradley, 110 Casas Vacias, 79 Bixby, 179 Caswell, David, 133 Black Lives Matter, xiii–xiv Carey, James, 142, 159 Bleyen, V. A., 6–7 CBS, 33 blockchain technology, 3, 209, 214, 216 Cebrián, Juan Luis, 121 bloggers, 9, 116 CGTN (China Global Television Network), blogs, x–xi, 9, 23, 43, 210, 214, 216 59–60 Bloomberg, 167–168 Chadha, Kalyani, 191 Bly, Nellie See Elizabeth Cochrane Chaparro, María Ángeles, 128 Boczkowski, Pablo J., 42 Chartbeart, 99 Bogost, Ian, 85 Chouliaraki, Lilie, 62 Bolt, Usain, 82 Chul-Han, Byung, 187 Borden, Sandra L., 77 civic/il values, ix, xiv, 128, 133, 223, 226 Borges, Eddy, 108–109 citizen empowerment, 202–216 Borning, A., 82 Clerwall, Christer, 190 bots, xiii–xiv, 13, 15, 124–133, 145, 175, 225 Climate Challenge, 76 boundary work, xi CNN (Cable News Network), 94, 191 Boyd, Danah, 110 Cochrane, Elizabeth, 31 Bradshaw, Paul, 161, 167 codes, cultural x, xii, 101–102, 126 Brandeis, Louis, 190 colonialism, 42 Breese, Elizabeth Butler, vii, x–xi, 128, Colonialism, Settler, 40 194, 226 Colombia Check, 203 BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), Columbia Journalism Review, 44 10, 47, 62, 80, 85, 131–132, 140, Columna Capital, 115 180–182 computer-assisted reporting (CAR), British Press Association, xiv, 130–131, 108–109, 161, 165 166–167 convergence, 8–9, 11, 42, 73, 101 Brooks, Richard, 118 Convergence: The International Journal of Bruno, N., viii Research into New Media Burke, Edmund, 159 Technologies, 75 Buzzfeed News, 131–132, 170 Conversation, The, 195 Cordero, Nacho, 117 Cacheiro, Santiago, 126 coronavirus See COVID–19 Cairo, Alberto, 161, 166 Cortana, 179 CALO (Cognitive Assistant that Learns and Cortina, Adela, 96–97, 101 Organizes), 178 COVID-19, viii, 3–4, 13, 16, 46, 59–60, 157, Cambridge Analytica, 170, 175 161, 170, 180, 202–203, 227 Cameron, David, 115, 120 Craft, Stephanie, 190 Canavilhas, João, 96 Craig, David, 129 Can You Beat Usain Bolt?82 Crawford, Kate, 110 Can You Navigate a Day with Depression?81 creative destruction, vii–x, 223 Can You Spot the Threats?73, 76 as creative reconstruction, vii, ix–x, 223

bindex.indd 229 12-03-2021 13:18:20 230 Index

credibility, 5, 10, 28, 56, 98, 115, 142, 152, digital culture, xi, xiii 184, 189, 194, 196, 213–215 digital divide, 168–169 Crisis of Journalism Reconsidered, The, vii digitalization, x–xi, 7, 20, 41, 42–43, 46–47 ¿Crees que eres un buen conductor?85 digital media ethics (DME), 15 crowdsourcing, 12, 21, 109, 171 DigitalMinds, 168, 171 cultural change, 189 Digital News Report, 208, 215 cultural objectivity, 158 Disney +, 3 cultural performance, xi, xiii docugames, 74 cultural sociology, vii, x–xii Documentos, TV, 79 cultural structures, 99–100 Domingo, David, 6 culture(s), professional 191–193 Doyle, Gillian, viii Cushion, Stephen, 162 “Driven to Distraction,”76 Cutthroat Capitalism: The Game, 77 DuerOS, 179 Duportail, Judith, 169, 171 Daily, The, 45 Dwight, Logan, 58 Daily Mail, 85 Damasio, Antonio, 35 economic reductionism, viii, ix Darfur is Dying, 80, 84–85, 86 El Confidencial, 6, 108, 112–121, 164 DARPA (The Department of Defense of the Eldiario, 121 United States), 178 Eldiario.es, 164 Datadista, 164 El Espectador, 195 Data Journalism Awards, 163 Elias, Carlos, 111 data manipulation, 5, 12, 111 See also El Mundo, 80, 164 image manipulation El País, 164, 215 Datawrapper, 162 emotional persuasion, debunking See fact checkers emotions, xii–xiii, 12, 34–36, 61–67, 86–87, De Correspondent, 195 206, 207, 211–213, 224 De la Peña, Nonny, 60 empathy, 12, 36, 55, 61–62, 82–83, 109 Deliveroo, 168 equity of communication, 143, 147–150 Deltour, Antione, 110 ERC (Communication Regulatory democracy, 26, 27–28, 102, 109, 112, 115, Agency), 197 118, 122, 142, 191 Escape from Woomera, 80 dialogic, 27–28, 223 ESPN, 182 egalitarian, 20, 27, 30, 33–35, 37, 38 ethical boundaries, 73–87 elitist, 27 ethical codes, x, 57, 86, 95–100, 128, 132 parliamentary, 27 Ethical Journalism Network, 75, 84 participatory, 27–28 ethics, 55–68 See also professional ethics of plural/istic, 27, 37 journalism populist, 27 of ends, 5 representational, 27 individual, 4 republican, 27 of newsgames 73–87 Detroit Free Press, 160–161 prescriptive, 4 Dewey, John, 27, 32 of procedures, 5 Diakopoulos, Nicholas, 164, 167, 171 social, 4 DiarioGol, 183 of values, 5 Diaz-Campo, Jesús, 128 Eurobarometer, 213 Dickens, Charles, 35 European Council, 202

bindex.indd 230 12-03-2021 13:18:20 Index 231

Euroskepticism, 202, 204 globalization, 20, 117 event-monitoring systems, 144–147 Gmail, 170 extremism, 38 Google, 3, 41, 92–102, 161, 170–171, 174, 177–178, 179, 181–182, 184, 193, 209 Facebook, 3, 10–1, 41, 44, 92–93, 152, Google Allo, 178 170–171, 180, 192, 208, 211–212 Google Assistant, 178–179, 183 Facebook Instant Articles (IA)93, 95 Google Home, 176, 182 fact checkers, 202–216 Google Instant, 174 Factfulness, 161 Google Maps, 170 facts, 20–38, 57, 77, 79, 83, 87, 96, 141, Google News Initiative, 46, 163, 170 159–160, 165, 189, 203, 211 Google New Lab, 170 Factitious, 83 Google Now, 178 fairness, xi, 12, 22, 26, 75, 79–82, 142 Gradgrind, Thomas, 36 Fake It to Make It, 83 Graefe, Andreas, 126, 127 fake news, 10, 20, 22, 30, 41, 83–84, 93, 148, Greenhill, Kelly M., 162 183, 202, 204, 213, 215–216 See also Gregory, Sam, 61 misinformation Guardian, The, 74, 86, 108, 112–121, Fernández Such, Fernando, 205, 161, 170 206–207, 211 Guillmor, Dan, 96 Fifth Estate, 116,118 Gunlaugsson, Sigmundr David, 119 “Fight for Falluja, The,”63, 65–66 Financial Times, The, 86 Habermas, Jürgen, 143 Finkel, Michael, 78–79 “Háblame de tus fuentes,”197 Fisheye VR, 63–64 Hal 9000, 177 Flourish, 162 Half-Life, 80 Fojba 2000, 73 Hallin, Daniel C., 112 Folha de S. Paolo, 195–196 Harcup, Tony, 4 Food Import Folly, 76 Hard Times, 36 Forbes, 139 Harpy system, 177 Foreword of News, 160 HBO (Home Box Office), 3 Forsythe, Michael, 117 Heliograf, 130 Fourth Estate, 116, 118, 158, 159, 171, 172 Hellmeulier, Lea, 190 Franssen, Jens, 63–64 Heravi, Bhaerah, 163–165 Frasca, Gonzalo, 73–74, 79 Hernández, Robert, 59 French Revolution, The, 159 Hidalgo, David, 197 Freidman, Batya, 82 History of the Peloponnesian War, The, 158 Friend, Cecilia, 5 Hothead Zidane, 76, 81–82, 86 Funes, 132 Howard, Alexander Benjamin, 109 How to Survive a Nuclear Bomb, 82 Games 4 Change, 75 How Y’all, 75 García Tellez, Luisa, 197 humanity, 75, 82–84, 142 gatekeepers, 8, 116, 167 human machine communication, 175–176 GCPR (General Data Protection Regulation), 169 IBM (International Business Machines gender, 112, 168–169 Corporation), 177 Getty Images, 141 ICFJ (International Center for Gilbert, Feremy, 84 Journalists), 162

bindex.indd 231 12-03-2021 13:18:20 232 Index

ICIJ (International Consortium of artificial, 138–139 Investigative Journalists), 107, automated, 124–125, 138–139 109–110, 112–121, 140 civic engagement, 20, 25–26 IDL Reporteros, 108 community, 30 Iliffe Media, 130 computational 160, 161 image manipulation, 5, 56, 58, 64, 215 continuum of, 24–26 See also data manipulation crisis of, vii, 44–46 iMessage, 178 as cultural performance, x–xii impartiality, xix, 9, 10, 29, 36, 75, 79–82, data, vii, xv, 87, 107–121, 160–167, 142, 143, 223 171–172, 197 independence, x–xi, 5, 9, 20, 24–25, 56, 75, defining, 27–30, 41–42 84–85, 142, 143, 171, 223, 225 and democracy, 27–28, 30, 37–38, 41, 42, Independent News and Media, 130 102, 159, 214 “infodemic,”202–203 democratically engaged, xii, 20–38, 223 innovation, 3–16, 40–47, 124–125, 222 See deontology of, 75, 85–87, 141–143,147, 194 also innovation in journalism dialogic, 37 ambivalence of, 5 digital, 3–16, 40 defining, 6–7 disengaged, 24–26, 38 ethics in, 132–133 engaged, 21, 22, 24–26 See also as existential, 133 democratically engaged journalism Inspection Chamber, 181–182 entrepreneurial, 20 Instagram, 10–11, 93, 94, 97, 170, 175, 208 gonzo, 160 integrity, 15, 58–59, 56, 64, 99–100, 194, ideology of, 33 196, 225 increased, 141 Intercept, The, 170 as innovation, 40–47, 100–102, 187–198 Internet, the, x, 8, 11–12, 20, 22, 26, 41, 96, interpretive, 25–26, 30 98–99, 118, 121, 147, 159, 174–176, investigative, xi, xiii, 25–26, 30, 115, 178, 183, 204–205, 210 117–118, 122, 131–132, 162, 166, 224 Internet of Things, the, 15, 138 next, 96, 100–102 interpretation, 5, 11, 13, 25, 28–29, 31–32, new, 79 96, 111, 145 opinion, 23, 30 IOE Collective, 205–206 participatory, 20, 25–26, 43 iReporter, 83 partisan, 21, 23, 25, 32–34 irrational publics, xii, 35–36 perspectival, engaged, 25–26, 30 ISIS, 63, 65–66 professional culture of, xiv, 191–193 Is Youssof Malé a Slave?78–79 professional ethics of, vii, ix, xiii, 3–16, Izquierdo, Antonio, 212 22–23, 128, 189–191, 194, 225 as propaganda, 12, 33 Jenkins, Simon, 118–119 public funding of, 45–46 Jiménez, Roger, 14 re-signification of, x–xii Johnston Press, 130 robotic, 124–125, 138–139 Joomla, 95 slow, 100 journalism storytelling in, xii–xiii, 92–102, 129–130, 360–degree immersive, xii–xiii, 12, 132, 160, 222 55–68, 224 semi-automated, xiv, 124–133, 225 active engaged, 36–30 Journalism, Ethics and Society, 159 algorithmic, xiv, 124–125, 131, 138–139 journalistic culture, 112–121

bindex.indd 232 12-03-2021 13:18:20 Index 233

Mediterranean model of, 112 Luxembourg Leaks, 110 North Atlantic model of, 112 Lyons, Kate, 120 radical sharing model of, 116–117 Journalistic Innovation Index of Spanish Mabrook, Radwa, 56 Media, 6 “Machine Bias,”169 Journalistic Role Performance, 192 Macintyre, Alasdair, 14 Macri, Mauricio, 115, 120–121 Kammer, Aske, 42 Madary, Michael, 61 Karlsson, Michael, 190 Madrid, 76 Kayser-Bril, Nicolas, 171 Maldita, 203 Keller, Bill, 116 Mancini, Paolo, 112 Kent, Thomas, 56, 61 Marconi, Francesco, 133 KITT (acronym for Knight Industries Two Markup, The, 169, 171 Thousand), 177 Martínez-Costa, María Pilar, 7 Knight Rider, 177 Masip, Pere, 96 Koliska, Michael, 191 Materazzi, Marco, 81 Kool, Hollis, 63 Mathiesen, Kay, 188 Kovach, Bill, 5, 96, 101, 190 McBride, Kelly, 128, 191 Krach, Wolfgang, 112 McDougall, Julian, 204 Krahmer, Emiel, 127 McLuhan, Marshall, 75, 84 Küng, Lucy, 44, 47 media literacy, 38, 202–216 Kwong, Robin, 86 Media Ownership Project, 197 Mediapart, 195 La Nación, 112–121 mediatization of consumption, 174–176 “La Navaja Suiza del Reportero,”197 Mediterraneo Digital, 183 La Presse +, 44 Messenger, 170177–178, 179, 182, 184 La Sexta, 121 Messi, Lionel, 120–121 Latorre, José Ignacio, 151 Metzinger, Thomas K., 61 La Vanguardia, 14, 97 Meyer, Philip, 108, 160–161 leaktivism, 117–119, 122 Micó, Josep Lluís, 96 Lecompte, Celeste, 125 Microsoft, xiii–xiv Lehrman, Sally, 196 Midland News Association, 130 Lester, Paul Martin, 62 Migrant Trail, The, 81 Lewis, Seth C., 12, 109, 111, 122, 225 Milk, Chris., 61 L’Expresso, 108 Mindich, David, 31 Liberty and the News, 160 misinformation, xiv, 5, 10–11, 15–16, 20, Lindmark, S., 6–7 171, 195, 202–216, 226 See also fake Linfield, Susie, 66 news LinkedIn, 95, 101 Missouri School of Journalism, 161 Lippman, Walter, 160 MIT Computer Science and Artificial Little mix, xiii–xiv Intelligence Lab, 214 Lleida, Eduardo, 176 MIT Media Lab, 148 Lord, Kristin, 187 MittMedia, 13 Los Angeles Times, The, 126, 129–130, 140, Montelab, 79 145, 191 Morton, Adam, 35 Luca de Tena Foundation, 140 Mossack Fonseca, 107, 110, 113, 114–116 L’une d’elles, 81 MSN.com, xiii–xiv

bindex.indd 233 12-03-2021 13:18:20 234 Index

Mühlauer, Alexander, 107–108 Nguyen, An, 160 Mulgan, Geoff, 5 NICAR (National Institute for Computer- multimedia content, 8–9, 11, 42, 73, 79, Assisted Journalism), 161 85–86, 94, 98, 101, 121 Nichols, Bill, 59 Muñoz, Alejandro, 95 Nielsen, Rasmus K., viii, 42, 47 Muntz, Diana, 96 Nixon, Richard, 31 Murdoch, Rupert, 45 “Nobel’s Nightmare,”63, 66 Nord, Lars, 190 narrative, xii–xiii, 61, 65, 67, 74–75, 77–78, normative apriorism, 4, 226 94, 96, 99–101, 128, 211, 215 Nougayrede, Natalie, 120 analysis, 112 NPR (National Public Radio), 179–183, VR (virtual reality), 12, 56 191 Nash, Kate, 62 NPR News, 166 National Health Service (NHS), 131 Nuance, 177–178 natural language generation (NLG), 124–125 Ober, Josiah, 158–159 natural language processing (NLP), Obermaler, Frederik, 107–108 150, 179 objectivity, xv, 9, 21–22, 24, 28–29, 30, natural language understanding (NLU), 34–36, 79, 112, 142, 187, 188, 190, 176, 179 191, 225 NBC, 94, 130 pragmatic, 29, 31–32, 35–36 Negroponte, Nicholas, 148 Occupy, 118 Neiman Lab of Harvard University, 125 Ojo Público, 132, 197 Netflix, 3 O Povo, 195 New Guiding Principles for a New Era of Oregon Public Broadcasting, 126 Journalism, 128 Ortega, Alfonso.176 neutrality, 9, 21–22, 25, 28–29, 30–34, Owetschkin, Dimitrij, 187 36–37, 77, 109, 174, 183, 223 Newman, Nic, 124 Padioleau, Jean-Gustave, viii–ix newsgames, xiii, 73–87 Panama Papers, xiii, 107–123, 171, 226 serious, 73, 76–77 Panels, 141 social impact, 74 Pariser, Eli, 208, 212 Newsgames Directory, 75 Parkinson, que tiemble el camino, 81 News Lab, 131–132 Paul, Nora, 189 newspapers, 8–9, 21, 25, 41–43, 93, 95, 99, Paulessen, Steve, 46 108, 112–113, 119, 165, 166, 209 Pavlik, John V., 7. 41 Newsquest, 130 personalization of news, vii, xiv, 148–149, newsrooms, 3–16, 42–44, 47, 108–112, 174–184 125–126, 138–152, 162–163, PEW Research Center, 158 191–197 Pidoux, Jessica, 169 as communities of practice, 13–15, 16 Pinterest, 95 Newtral, 203 Pitch Interactive, 46 New York Times, The, 9, 10, 31, 33, 47, Play Our Game … Wheelchair User, 81 63, 65–66, 74, 75, 76, 86, 94, Poder 360, 196 112–121, 139–140, 161, 163, Poepsel, Mark A., 190 170, 182–183, 191 Poynter Institute International Fact- New York World, 31 Checking Network, 203

bindex.indd 234 12-03-2021 13:18:20 Index 235

Pozen, David E., 187 Richtel, Matt, 76 Points of Entry: An Immigrant Challenge, robots, xiv, 13, 15, 108, 127, 151, 175–176 81–82 Rogers, Simon, 161 populism, 202, 205 Roozenbeek, Jon, 210 Posetti, Julie, 41–42, 46, 133 Rosas, Omar, 87 post-truth, xiv, 211 Rosenstiel, Tom, 5, 96, 101, 128, 189, 191 Poverty News, 82–83 RTVE, 6 Prestashop, 95 RTVE Documentary Funds Directorate, 147 privacy, 5, 8, 12, 15–16, 107–108, 118, 122, RTVE Lab, 74 143, 168, 191 Ruiz, Carles, 96 professional values, x, 129,132, 194. See Ryle, Gerard, 114 also individual values, e.g., accountability, accuracy, Sádaba, Charo, 7 credibility, fairness, humanity, Salaverría, Ramón, 192 impartiality, independence, Salco, 131 integrity, neutrality, objectivity, Samsung, 179 responsibility, transparency, Sánchez, Gema, 210 truthfulness, veracity Sarkis, Chamsey, 66 ProPublica, 126, 132, 166, 169, 170 Schlesinger, Philip, viii Provenance project, 204–216 Schmidt, Eric, 174 Public and Its Problems, The, 32 Schudson, Michael, 187, 191 Público, 196 Schumpeter, Joseph Alois, vii–viii, Pulitzer, Joseph, 31 42, 47 Pulitzer Center, 65 Sehl, Annika, 42 Pulitzer Prize, 162 Semantic Web, The, 147 Purdy, Matt, 113–114 Sen, Arijit, 47 September 12, 73–74, 76 Qatar Company Research Institute, 214 Serious Games Classification, 75 Quattrociocchi, Walter, 215 Shoebox, 177 Quine, Willard V. O., 32 Silverstone, Roger, 62 Singer, Jane B., 5, 10, 43, 128, 190 race, xiii–xiv, 169 Siri, 178–179 racism, xiii–xiv, 22, 28, 33–34, 40 small data, xv, 164,165 RADAR (Reporters and Data Robots), xiv, Smart Audio Report, 179–182 130, 140, 166–167 Smart Media Group, 66 Ranaivoson, Heritiana, 6–7 SMART News, 63, 66 Rawls, John, 27 SMART platform (Monitoring and Alert Reelect Bush, 76 System in the Network of Spanish Refugee, The, 81 Radio and Television), 150 relativism, 5 Snapchat, 94–85, 97 Reporters Without Borders, 197 Snow, John, 160 responsibility, xiii, 10, 60–67, 84, 128, Snowden, Edward, 110 142–143, 146–150, 176, 190–191, Soccerbot, 140 194, 197, 215 social media, 10–11,15, 23, 26, 40, 43, Reuters Institute, 126 92–93, 99, 101, 152, 158, 160, Reuters Institute Digital Report, 92, 172 166, 168 Revers, Matthias, xi “Social Media Radar”145–146

bindex.indd 235 12-03-2021 13:18:20 236 Index

Solomon, Ben C., 65 Trinity Mirror, 130 Solop, Frederic, 111 Trump, Donald, 28, 33 Soria, José Manuel, 115, 120 Truong, Doris, 192 “So You Think You Can Drive, Mel?”76 Trusting News Project, 195–196 Sports Illustrated, 140 Trust Project, 196 Spotify, 3 truthfulness, xiii–xiv, 57–58, 65–67, 75, SRI International, 178 77–79, 141–143, 148–149, 208–210, “Stairway to Tax Heaven,”121 211–213 stamp story formats, xiii, 92–102, 224, 225 Túñez, José Miguel, 126 ethics of, 100–102 Twitter, xi, 10, 92, 95, 130, 152, 208 Stanford University Journalism and Democracy Initiative, 46 Uber, 168 Star Trek, 177 Uber Game, The, 78, 82–83, 86 Steinke, Allison J.42, 44, 47 UNESCO’s International Principles of Sternadel, Dalibor, 204 Professional Ethics in “Structural Stories,”130 Journalism, 57 Süddeutsche Zeitung, 107–108, Unidad Editorial, 164 110–111, 113 United Nations Universal Declaration of Suite Life, The, 64 Human Rights, 5 Sun, The, 85 University of Amsterdam, Department of Swiss Leaks, 110 Psychology, 214 Syrian Journey, 78, 81 University of Michigan, Department of “Syria’s Silence,”63–64 Computer Science and Engineering, 214 Tableau, 162 Urbs Media, 130, 166 Tapias Hernández, César Augusto, 205, user-generated content (UGC), 9 208, 211 Usher, Nikki, 42, 75–76 technological determinism, 4 US Immigration and Naturalization Telegram, 145 Service 81–82 television, 8–9, 97, 99, 179, 208 public, viii, 37, 139, 144–152 values, 34–36 Tew, Chad, 77 Varona, David, 206 Thirwall, Jade, xiii–xiv Van Dalen, Arjen, 126–127 Thomä, Dieter, 187 Van Damme, Kristin, 61–62 Thucydides, 158–159 Van der Kaa, Hille, 127 Time Magazine, 80 van der Linden, Sander, 210 Times, The, 94 van Driel, Barry, 204 Tinder, 168–169, 171 veracity, 78, 142, 146, 147, 174, 183 TJ Tool, 196–197 virtual reality (VR), 3, 12, 40, 44, 55–68, 74 Tmall Genie, 179 Vlaamse Radio-en Televisieomroep, 63–64 Toronto Star, 44 Vocento Media Lab, 140 Torres, Fabiola, 197 voice user interface (VUI), 174–184 Toural, Carlos, 126 von der Pfordten, Dietmar, 5 Toutiao, 183 Vos, Tim P., 190 Tow Center for Digital Journalism, 126 VRT Virtual Reality, 63–64 transparency, vii–viii, xiv, 5, 9, 11–13, 65, 67, 84, 107–109, 115–116, 128, 143, Walker, Marina, 114 146–150, 180, 187–198, 216, 225, 226 Wall Street Journal, The, 182, 191

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Warner, Amanda, 83, 108 Worlds of Journalism, 192 Washington Post, The, 9, 10, 13, 31, 80, 84, World Wide Web, 40, 65, 76, 108, 145, 94, 97–98, 108, 130, 140, 162, 183, 147, 176 191 open, 93, 95, 102 Wasserman, Herman, 5, 11 Wormer, Vanessa, 107–108 Webb, Andy, 182 Weiss, Amy Schmitz, 6 Xiao Ai, 179 Westlund, Oscar, 109, 111, 125, 225 Xiaomi, 179 WhatsApp, 152, 170, 178, 203, 208, 211–212 YLE, 140 White, Micah, 118–119 Yonhap, 140 Wikileaks, 110, 116, 117–119, 120, 122, 193 You Guys Talk, 75 Windschutte, Keith, 159 Youse, 75 Wolfe, Tom, 79 YouTube, 10–11, 170, 208 Wonders, Nancy A., 111 Wordpress, 95, 196 Zezulkova, Marketa, 204 Wordsmith, 125–126 Zidane, Zinedine, 81 World Health Organization, 202 Zion, Lawrie, 129

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