Descolonizandodiscursocorrupc

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Descolonizandodiscursocorrupc 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE UBERLÂNDIA FACULDADE DE GESTÃO E NEGÓCIOS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO ISABELLA CHAVES NASCIMENTO DESCOLONIZANDO O DISCURSO DA CORRUPÇÃO: uma análise do envolvimento do HSBC em corrupção transnacional UBERLÂNDIA 2018 ISABELLA CHAVES NASCIMENTO DESCOLONIZANDO O DISCURSO DA CORRUPÇÃO: uma análise do envolvimento do HSBC em corrupção transnacional Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado em Administração da Faculdade de Gestão e Negócios, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestra em Administração. Linha de pesquisa: Organização e Mudança Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Cintia Rodrigues de Oliveira Medeiros UBERLÂNDIA 2018 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFU, MG, Brasil. N244d Nascimento, Isabella Chaves, 1977- 2018 Descolonizando o discurso da corrupção [recurso eletrônico] : uma análise do envolvimento do HSBC em corrupção transnacional / Isabella Chaves Nascimento. - 2018. Orientadora: Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira Medeiros. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Modo de acesso: Internet. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.1352 Inclui bibliografia. Inclui ilustrações. 1. Administração. 2. Corrupção. 3. Administração financeira. 4. Pós-colonialismo. 5. Impunidade. I. Medeiros, Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira. II. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Programa de Pós- Graduação em Administração. III. Título. CDU: 658 Isabella de Brito Alves - CRB-6/3045 ISABELLA CHAVES NASCIMENTO DESCOLONIZANDO O DISCURSO DA CORRUPÇÃO: uma análise do envolvimento do HSBC em corrupção transnacional Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado em Administração da Faculdade de Gestão e Negócios, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestra em Administração. Uberlândia - MG, 29 de agosto de 2018. Banca examinadora ________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira Medeiros Universidade Federal de Uberlândia _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Valdir Machado Valadão Júnior Universidade Federal de Uberlândia ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rafael Alcadipani da Silveira Fundação Getulio Vargas – EAESP AGRADECIMENTOS Terminar uma etapa carrega em si uma imensidão de significados, e sou extremamente grata a cada um deles. Ciente de que não é possível nomear a todos aqueles que, de tantas formas, contribuíram para esse trabalho, me arrisco a elaborar essas palavras. À minha mãe, Maria Marta, e meu pai, João, agradeço por todo amor e incentivo em cada desafio a que me propus em todos esses anos, e nesse, em particular, por nunca deixarem de acreditar que seria possível. Ao meu esposo Reinaldo, por me ensinar o poder da presença e da ausência através do seu imenso coração, sempre presente. À minha tia Maurelice, por cada encontro e cada oração. Aos meus irmãos, Julyana e Guilherme, por serem minhas “inspirações acadêmicas” e por compreenderem, com tanto carinho, minhas ausências. À minha orientadora, Profª. Drª. Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira Medeiros, pela compreensão, sensibilidade e energia, que me suportaram, inspiraram e se tornaram um exemplo de vida que sempre terei com admiração. Obrigada por toda essa caminhada! À equipe de professores e secretários da pós-graduação da Faculdade de Gestão de Negócios da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, em especial, ao Prof. Dr. Valdir Machado Valadão Júnior, pelos ensinamentos, pela coragem no tempo que esteve à frente do programa do qual hoje tenho a oportunidade de participar, pela crença no poder da educação, por ter acreditado na minha proposta e por aceitar fazer parte dessa históra. Ao Prof. Dr. Rafael Alcadipani da Silveira pela profundidade das contribuições na banca de qualificação que me levaram a muitas reflexões, mudanças e crescimento, que espero tenham conduzido a um trabalho melhor. Aos colegas de mestrado, pelas lutas e pelo aprendizado compartilhados. Aos colegas de empresa, pelo incentivo e auxílio nas minhas ausências. Por fim, mas não o menos importante, agradeço a Deus pela vida e por colocar em meu caminho pessoas tão especiais, sem as quais eu dificilmente teria trilhado até aqui. Até que os leões tenham seus próprios historiadores, as histórias de caça continuarão a glorificar o caçador. Provérbio africano RESUMO A corrupção é um problema com um custo humano devastador, leva milhões de pessoas à pobreza e à morte, e pode ser uma ameaça à segurança nacional pelo descontentamento social que tem gerado, em diversos países. Não é um fenômeno que pode ser atribuído à atualidade ou qualquer tempo histórico específico, ou tampouco a um sistema político ou econômico, sendo repleta de exemplos em todos os cenários. Mas há países onde a corrupção alcança outras dimensões, e pesquisadores e autoridades de todo o mundo têm se esforçado, para compreender, e em alguma medida, coibir, o fenômeno que alegam prejudicar o crescimento e desenvolvimento dessas nações. Organizações, leis e convenções multilaterais com bandeiras anticorrupção surgiram nesse período, ao lado de críticas sobre a efetividade desses mecanismos, posto que atacavam, prioritariamente, o lado da demanda, e não o da oferta na equação da corrupção global. O lado da demanda é conhecido pela definição da ONG Transparência Internacional como abuso de poder concedido para ganho pessoal, remetendo aos interesses das elites políticas, mas também aos riscos e opacidade do ambiente regulatório para os negócios. Por sua vez, o lado da oferta é bem menos questionado, pois o pagamento de suborno e a lavagem de dinheiro raramente são criminalizados, paraísos fiscais continuam protegendo o sigilo bancário e uma rede de atores internacionais, com agentes do sistema financeiro, permite que traficantes e corruptos sigam negociando. Este estudo se orienta por uma perspectiva pós-colonial, que vê a construção da corrupção nos países não ocidentais como resultado de um conjunto complexo de práticas e crenças que permitiram uma ascendência singular de algumas nações em relação ao restante do mundo, compactuando com práticas capitalistas que levam à desapropriação e subjugação da vida e da dignidade humana. Com base nessa perspectiva, e reconhecendo a importância das redes transnacionais informais na perpetuação da corrupção, estabelecemos como objetivo geral desta dissertação, compreender, sob a lente pós-colonial, como a corrupção se constitui um fenômeno transnacional. Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, com a análise de reportagens, dos últimos dez anos, sobre casos de corrupção envolvendo um dos maiores bancos internacionais do mundo: o HSBC Holdings plc. Para operacionalizar a pesquisa, nos orientamos por duas questões: (1) quais os padrões e atores presentes na dinâmica de corrupção transnacional? (2) quais as relações coloniais que emergem desses esquemas? A análise temática resultou em 42 categorias e seis grupos de atores principais, que foram associados em nove temas intermediários, indicando os padrões recorrentes observados, nomeados como: manual de operações, clientes (in)desejados, desinformação, justiça autorizada, negligência, imperícia, ligações perigosas, indiferença e disrupção. Os resultados da pesquisa apresentam o mapa temático final e dois temas finais que desvelam as relações coloniais presentes nos esquemas: a cumplicidade dos agentes do sistema financeiro com os infratores; e a impunidade do colonizador com esses agentes. Palavras-Chave: Corrupção. Sistema financeiro. Colonialidade. Pós-colonialismo. Cumplicidade. Impunidade. ABSTRACT Corruption is a problem with devastating human costs, it leads millions of people to poverty and death, and it can be a threat to national security by social discontent it has generated in many countries. It is not a phenomenon that can be attributed to nowadays, or any specific historical time to a neither political nor economic system being full of examples in all scenarios. Yet there are countries where corruption reaches other dimensions then researchers and authorities has striven to understand and somehow curb the phenomenon they claim to harm national growth and development. Organizations, laws and multilateral conventions with anti- corruption flag have arisen in this period besides criticism about the effectiveness of these mechanisms, due to the fact it attacked, primarily, demands side, not the offers side in global corruption equation. Demands side is known by NGO Transparency International definition as abuse of power granted for personal gains, reflecting political class interests but also the risks and the opacity of regulatory environment for business. In turn, the offers side is less questioned because bribe payments and money laundering rarely are criminalized, tax heavens continue protecting baking secrecy and a network of international players, with agents of the national financial system, allows dealers and corrupts keeping negotiating. This study is guided by post- colonial perspective, that see corruption construction in non-western countries as result of a complex set of practices and believes that had allowed singular ascendance in some nations regarding to the rest of the world, getting along to capitalists practices that leadsto dispossession and the subjugation of life and human dignity. From this perspective, recognizing informal transnational networks importance in perpetuation of corruption, is established this thesis general objective as comprehend
Recommended publications
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020
    Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, Anne Schulz, Simge Andı, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism / Digital News Report 2020 4 Contents Foreword by Rasmus Kleis Nielsen 5 3.15 Netherlands 76 Methodology 6 3.16 Norway 77 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 3.17 Poland 78 3.18 Portugal 79 SECTION 1 3.19 Romania 80 Executive Summary and Key Findings by Nic Newman 9 3.20 Slovakia 81 3.21 Spain 82 SECTION 2 3.22 Sweden 83 Further Analysis and International Comparison 33 3.23 Switzerland 84 2.1 How and Why People are Paying for Online News 34 3.24 Turkey 85 2.2 The Resurgence and Importance of Email Newsletters 38 AMERICAS 2.3 How Do People Want the Media to Cover Politics? 42 3.25 United States 88 2.4 Global Turmoil in the Neighbourhood: 3.26 Argentina 89 Problems Mount for Regional and Local News 47 3.27 Brazil 90 2.5 How People Access News about Climate Change 52 3.28 Canada 91 3.29 Chile 92 SECTION 3 3.30 Mexico 93 Country and Market Data 59 ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE 3.31 Australia 96 3.01 United Kingdom 62 3.32 Hong Kong 97 3.02 Austria 63 3.33 Japan 98 3.03 Belgium 64 3.34 Malaysia 99 3.04 Bulgaria 65 3.35 Philippines 100 3.05 Croatia 66 3.36 Singapore 101 3.06 Czech Republic 67 3.37 South Korea 102 3.07 Denmark 68 3.38 Taiwan 103 3.08 Finland 69 AFRICA 3.09 France 70 3.39 Kenya 106 3.10 Germany 71 3.40 South Africa 107 3.11 Greece 72 3.12 Hungary 73 SECTION 4 3.13 Ireland 74 References and Selected Publications 109 3.14 Italy 75 4 / 5 Foreword Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) The coronavirus crisis is having a profound impact not just on Our main survey this year covered respondents in 40 markets, our health and our communities, but also on the news media.
    [Show full text]
  • International Press
    International press The following international newspapers have published many articles – which have been set in wide spaces in their cultural sections – about the various editions of Europe Theatre Prize: LE MONDE FRANCE FINANCIAL TIMES GREAT BRITAIN THE TIMES GREAT BRITAIN LE FIGARO FRANCE THE GUARDIAN GREAT BRITAIN EL PAIS SPAIN FRANKFURTER ALLGEMEINE ZEITUNG GERMANY LE SOIR BELGIUM DIE ZEIT GERMANY DIE WELT GERMANY SUDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG GERMANY EL MUNDO SPAIN CORRIERE DELLA SERA ITALY LA REPUBBLICA ITALY A NEMOS GREECE ARTACT MAGAZINE USA A MAGAZINE SLOVAKIA ARTEZ SPAIN A TRIBUNA BRASIL ARTS MAGAZINE GEORGIA A2 MAGAZINE CZECH REP. ARTS REVIEWS USA AAMULEHTI FINLAND ATEATRO ITALY ABNEWS.RU – AGENSTVO BUSINESS RUSSIA ASAHI SHIMBUN JAPAN NOVOSTEJ ASIAN PERFORM. ARTS REVIEW S. KOREA ABOUT THESSALONIKI GREECE ASSAIG DE TEATRE SPAIN ABOUT THEATRE GREECE ASSOCIATED PRESS USA ABSOLUTEFACTS.NL NETHERLANDS ATHINORAMA GREECE ACTION THEATRE FRANCE AUDITORIUM S. KOREA ACTUALIDAD LITERARIA SPAIN AUJOURD’HUI POEME FRANCE ADE TEATRO SPAIN AURA PONT CZECH REP. ADESMEUFTOS GREECE AVANTI ITALY ADEVARUL ROMANIA AVATON GREECE ADN KRONOS ITALY AVLAIA GREECE AFFARI ITALY AVLEA GREECE AFISHA RUSSIA AVRIANI GREECE AGENZIA ANSA ITALY AVVENIMENTI ITALY AGENZIA EFE SPAIN AVVENIRE ITALY AGENZIA NUOVA CINA CHINA AZIONE SWITZERLAND AGF ITALY BABILONIA ITALY AGGELIOF OROS GREECE BALLET-TANZ GERMANY AGGELIOFOROSTIS KIRIAKIS GREECE BALLETTO OGGI ITALY AGON FRANCE BALSAS LITHUANIA AGORAVOX FRANCE BALSAS.LT LITHUANIA ALGERIE ALGERIA BECHUK MACEDONIA ALMANACH SCENY POLAND
    [Show full text]
  • U.S.$ 7,000,000,000 Debt Issuance Programme
    INFORMATION MEMORANDUM HSBC Bank Middle East Limited (a public company incorporated with limited liability in Jersey with registered number 85600) as Issuer U.S.$ 7,000,000,000 DEBT ISSUANCE PROGRAMME On 16 November 2004 HSBC Bank Middle East Limited (the "Bank" or the "Issuer") established a Debt Issuance Programme which is described in this document (the "Programme") under which notes (the "Notes") may be issued by the Issuer. This document (the "Information Memorandum", which expression shall include this document as amended and supplemented from time to time and all information incorporated by reference herein) has been prepared for the purpose of providing disclosure information with regard to the Notes to be admitted to the Official List of the Irish Stock Exchange and trading on its Global Exchange Market. The Irish Stock Exchange's Global Exchange Market is not a regulated market for the purposes of Directive 2004/39/EC (the "Markets in Financial Instruments Directive"). This Information Memorandum constitutes listing particulars for the purposes of listing on the Irish Stock Exchange's Official List and trading on its Global Exchange Market. Investors should note that securities to be admitted to the Irish Stock Exchange's Official List and trading on its Global Exchange Market will, because of their nature, normally be bought and traded by a limited number of investors who are particularly knowledgeable in investment matters. In relation to any Notes, this Information Memorandum must be read as a whole and together also with the relevant pricing supplement (the "Pricing Supplement"). Any Notes issued under the Programme on or after the date of this Information Memorandum are issued subject to the provisions described herein.
    [Show full text]
  • The Perfin Foreign Bill Stamps of Great Britain
    THE PERFIN FOREIGN BILL STAMPS OF GREAT BRITAIN THE PERFIN FOREIGN BILL STAMPS OF GREAT BRITAIN By Jeff Turnbull THE PERFIN FOREIGN BILL STAMPS OF GREAT BRITAIN PART ONE FOREIGN BILL STAMPS © COPYRIGHT 2021 THE PERFIN FOREIGN BILL STAMPS OF GREAT BRITAIN DEDICATION This opening page is dedicated to the Late Mr. Kevin Parkhill of Rochdale, a keen Perfin Society member, who initiated this study of the perfined revenue stamps of Great Britain. I would not have been able to produce this catalogue without Kevin's notes, papers and correspondence from perfin collectors around the world. You all know who you are, so many thanks indeed for your information which has culminated in this first specialised edition of a GB Foreign Bill Perfin Revenue Catalogue. THE PERFIN FOREIGN BILL STAMPS INTRODUCTIONOF GREAT BRITAIN The following pages have been put together with the intention of helping the collector of perfinned revenue stamps, it is by no means complete, hopefully collectors who have additional information will let me know the details, and more pages will be made up as and when. As there is no present perfinned Revenue cataloguing system I am adopting a new system, using the letter followed by two numbers and two decimal places. A single letter "M" after the catalogue number indicates a Multi headed die. I.E. A 23.01. Where the perfin is already catalogued in the New Gault Illustrated perfin catalogue on postage stamps, then this catalogue number will also be alongside. At this moment in time only different Reigns will be used, with an accompanying list of stamps on which the perfin has been seen.
    [Show full text]
  • Pontifícia Universidade Católica De São Paulo PUC/SP CARLA
    Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo PUC/SP CARLA MIRANDA B. DE FREITAS A COLABORAÇÃO NO JORNALISMO: do Arizona Project aos Panama Papers DOUTORADO EM COMUNICAÇÃO E SEMIÓTICA São Paulo 2016 Carla Miranda B. de Freitas A COLABORAÇÃO NO JORNALISMO: do Arizona Project aos Panama Papers DOUTORADO EM COMUNICAÇÃO E SEMIÓTICA Tese apresentada à Banca Examinadora da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, como exigência parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Comunicação e Semiótica, sob a orientação da Prof.ª Dr.ª Cecilia Salles. São Paulo 2016 Banca Examinadora ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ Dedicado ao meu marido, Hugo, e às minhas filhas, Beatrice e Luísa, que fazem todas as jornadas da vida valerem a pena. Aos meus pais, Miranete e Laterça, que me ensinaram a ser como sou, por todo o apoio de sempre. A Mariângela e Rangner, meus mestres na busca pelas virtudes da paciência e da persistência. E a todos os familiares e os amigos queridos, em especial a meus sogros Célia e Lutegarde, pela compreensão nos momentos de ausência. AGRADECIMENTOS À minha orientadora, Cecilia Almeida Salles, que me acompanha desde o mestrado com sua generosidade, seu ânimo e seu olhar sempre atento. Sem ela esta tese não seria possível. A todos os meus colegas jornalistas, por sua companhia nas redações da vida ou por terem compartilhado comigo seu olhar sobre a colaboração jornalística. RESUMO Do Arizona Project, desenvolvido ainda nos anos 1970 e considerado o primeiro trabalho de atuação jornalística conjunta em grande escala, aos Panama Papers, investigação que reuniu quase 400 profissionais, de 76 países, em torno do maior vazamento de dados até então.
    [Show full text]
  • See Who Attended
    Company Name First Name Last Name Job Title Country 24Sea Gert De Sitter Owner Belgium 2EN S.A. George Droukas Data analyst Greece 2EN S.A. Yannis Panourgias Managing Director Greece 3E Geert Palmers CEO Belgium 3E Baris Adiloglu Technical Manager Belgium 3E David Schillebeeckx Wind Analyst Belgium 3E Grégoire Leroy Product Manager Wind Resource Modelling Belgium 3E Rogelio Avendaño Reyes Regional Manager Belgium 3E Luc Dewilde Senior Business Developer Belgium 3E Luis Ferreira Wind Consultant Belgium 3E Grégory Ignace Senior Wind Consultant Belgium 3E Romain Willaime Sales Manager Belgium 3E Santiago Estrada Sales Team Manager Belgium 3E Thomas De Vylder Marketing & Communication Manager Belgium 4C Offshore Ltd. Tom Russell Press Coordinator United Kingdom 4C Offshore Ltd. Lauren Anderson United Kingdom 4Cast GmbH & Co. KG Horst Bidiak Senior Product Manager Germany 4Subsea Berit Scharff VP Offshore Wind Norway 8.2 Consulting AG Bruno Allain Président / CEO Germany 8.2 Consulting AG Antoine Ancelin Commercial employee Germany 8.2 Monitoring GmbH Bernd Hoering Managing Director Germany A Word About Wind Zoe Wicker Client Services Manager United Kingdom A Word About Wind Richard Heap Editor-in-Chief United Kingdom AAGES Antonio Esteban Garmendia Director - Business Development Spain ABB Sofia Sauvageot Global Account Executive France ABB Jesús Illana Account Manager Spain ABB Miguel Angel Sanchis Ferri Senior Product Manager Spain ABB Antoni Carrera Group Account Manager Spain ABB Luis andres Arismendi Gomez Segment Marketing Manager Spain
    [Show full text]
  • 20 Bank Pasargad
    Experience of Iran November in Islamic Banking 2019 1 In the name of God Experience of Iran in Islamic Banking 1. Preface During the past few decades Islamic banking has grown dramatically in the world and many non-Islamic countries have welcomed it as an alternative banking system working in parallel to conventional banking and have authorized establishment of Islamic banks in their territory or Islamic banking departments within conventional banks observing Islamic banking principles and guidelines. After the Iranian revolution, contrary to many Islamic countries which carry out both Islamic and conventional banking systems, such as GCC countries, as required by the Iranian constitution, all banks in Iran, both foreign and domestic, are obliged to exclusively observe and practice Islamic banking. Henceforth, there is no relationship or cooperation between conventional and Islamic banks in Iran. Notwithstanding, all Iranian banks are free to have correspondent banking relations with conventional international banks established outside of Iran. 2. Iran Banking System The history of banking commenced in Iran in year 1888 by the British when they established the Imperial Bank of Persia. Soon after, the Russians opened the Russian Loan and Development Bank. The first Iranian bank, Pahlavi Ghoshoon (today called Bank Sepah) was opened in year 1925. Bank Melli Iran (meaning the “National Bank of Iran” in Farsi) was established in year 1928 and functioned as both a commercial and a central bank during the period 1931- 1960. 2 In 1960, the Central Bank of Iran was established according to the Banking and Monetary Law, and accordingly Bank Melli Iran became merely a commercial bank.
    [Show full text]
  • An Empirical Investigation of Corporate Social Reporting in Iran: Practices, Needs and Perceptions Ali Mohammad Yaftian University of Wollongong
    University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2011 An empirical investigation of corporate social reporting in Iran: practices, needs and perceptions Ali Mohammad Yaftian University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Yaftian, Ali Mohammad, An empirical investigation of corporate social reporting in Iran: practices, needs and perceptions, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, University of Wollongong. School of Accounting & Finance, University of Wollongong, 2011. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3239 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact Manager Repository Services: [email protected]. An Empirical Investigation of Corporate Social Reporting in Iran: Practices, Needs and Perceptions A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy From The University of Wollongong By Ali Mohammad Yaftian B.A Economics (Bus) UAT, Tehran, Iran MCom (Acc) UOW, Wollongong, Australia School of Accounting & Finance May 2011 Declaration I hereby certify that this thesis has not been submitted previously as part of the requirements of another degree and that it is the result of my own independent research. ---------------------------------------- Ali M Yaftian II Acknowledgments First of all, my thanks go to God who gave me the opportunity, strength and hope to complete this thesis. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Dr Kathie Cooper, for her guidance and support during completion of my PhD study. I am sincerely grateful for the time, effort and knowledge she has dedicated and the bright and optimistic nature that she has portrayed in pushing me ahead in this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 7. Portugal: Impoverished Media Struggling for Survival
    Chapter 7 Portugal Impoverished media struggling for survival Joaquim Fidalgo Introduction The Portuguese media landscape has been strongly influenced by its political, economic, cultural, and social evolution during the last decades of the twentieth century and the first decades of the twenty-first century. Five main factors should be considered. First, the small size of the country (with a population of 10.3 million), associated with a very low rate of news media consumption, makes it difficult for media outlets to achieve enough scale to be viable. Second, the economic weakness of the country (an annual gross domestic product per capita of EUR 18,550 compared with the EUR 28,630 average for EU/28 countries; Eurostat, 2019) leads to low purchasing power for media consumers and little advertising for the media industry. Third, there has been a rather brief experi- ence of life in a democracy, after almost half a century (1926–1974) of political dictatorship where basic rights – freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of association – were either forbidden or strictly controlled. Fourth, the long-standing tradition of a centralised society is very dependent on the state and has low levels of autonomous social dynamism and tends towards solving problems at the macro-level of the law, but not necessarily at the micro-level of actual practices. And fifth, economic, cultural, and technological development in the country has been quick in more recent years, particularly after joining the EU in 1986. The legal and regulatory framework for the media still bears marks of the revolutionary period in the country between 1974 and 1975, when democracy was reinstated and important changes occurred.
    [Show full text]
  • The Preferences of Sporting Cp Supporters: an Analysis Based on Promoted Youth Players
    ! ! THE PREFERENCES OF SPORTING CP SUPPORTERS: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON PROMOTED YOUTH PLAYERS Hugo Filipe Antunes de Abreu Master Dissertation In Marketing Supervisor: Dr. Paulo Rita, Professor of Marketing, ISCTE-IUL Business School Co-supervisor: Dr. Bradley Wilson, Senior Lecturer, School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, Australia April 2013 ! The preferences of Sporting CP Supporters: An analysis based on Promoted Youth Players ! ! ! ! ! “It’s not that I am not interested in playing for an English club, it’s more that I believe the best place for me to progress is at Sporting, where they give a lot of opportunities to young players. Maybe some players lose their heads when they go to big clubs because they think they are a big deal, I’m not sure.” - Eric Dier, 20 January 2011, www.dailymail.co.uk ! ! ! ! ! ! ""! ! The preferences of Sporting CP Supporters: An analysis based on Promoted Youth Players Thanks First of all I would like to thank to my supervisors: Dr Paulo Rita from ISCTE Business School (Portugal) and Dr Bradley Wilson from Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (Australia) for all advices they gave me and for all time they invested to make this dissertation the best as possible. Their contribution was fundamental for the quality of this dissertation. There were also two crucial people who helped me with statistical software: Maria Inês Marques, who explained me some statistical procedures on SPSS, and Fernando Afonso, who taught me how to manage SPSS AMOS. I want to thank to all 1054 people who answered to my survey. Without them this study cannot be performed.
    [Show full text]
  • Press and Profitable News. a Business Model for Online Newspapers
    Press and profitable news. A business model for online newspapers. Anabela Gradim Universidade da Beira Interior Índice 1 A declining market......................4 2 Information haute couture .................. 10 3 Digital Immigrants...................... 13 4 E-papers and the Attention Economy............. 17 5 Profiting from so many clicks: in search of a business model 19 6 Bibliografia.......................... 22 Abstract This work is a study on the Portuguese newspapers that, in the last few years, have started to offer on-line editions cumulatively with those ink- stained. It focuses, among that group, on the two paid digital papers that exist in the country: “Expresso” and “Público” online. The aim is to esteem the economical impact, or its lack, these digital versions have in the whole of the activities of the newspaper. As it is, economical losses are the rule, and online newspapers are still to find out a business model that can bring profits instead of losses. To investigate the nature and possibilities of such business model – which should be a combination of pay-per-click and click-per-view, or allow a true syndication of contents generating revenue by means of micro-payment – as well as to present the state of the art of the main Portuguese online newspapers it’s the aim of this article. 2 Anabela Gradim Online newspapers are engaged in a paradox with no way out at sight: in its great majority, they offer for free what they also sell – their news. It’s a real catch-22: newspapers know they cannot afford not having a strong presence in the Internet, but in the new medium users seem quite reluctant to pay for content.
    [Show full text]
  • Media Report
    GUESS WHAT | PUBLIC RELATIONS MEDIA REPORT MARÇO A OUTUBRO 2009| SPOT INTRODUÇÃO O presente GW Media Report refere‐se ao trabalho de assessoria e comunicação realizado entre os meses de Março e Outubro, tendo por base uma série de assuntos pertinentes relacionados com a SPOT, mais concretamente com o reforço da sua notoriedade institucional. Neste sentido, este relatório conta com uma organização pensada em função daqueles que foram os principais temas abordados pelos media, com especial enfoque para o Dia Mundial da Coluna, no passado dia 16 de Outubro de 2009 e para o Congresso Nacional de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, que aconteceu recentemente. É neste contexto que surgem várias notícias, onde o nome da Sociedade vem constantemente referido. Não obstante, outros foram os assuntos que estiveram desde o início, sob o olhar atento dos meios de comunicação social, motivo que nos levou a considerar outras categorias, para além do Dia Mundial da Coluna e do Congresso de Ortopedia acima mencionados. São elas: EPOS, Jornadas Ombro e Cotovelo na Madeira, SOLP, Registo Português de Artroplastias e a categoria Diversos, que inclui notícias sobre a Via Verde do Trauma, os malefícios do peso das mochilas para as crianças, entre outros. Assim sendo, os dados apresentados neste Report analisam, de uma forma global, a presença da SPOT, como Sociedade Médica de referência no que diz respeito às patologias em causa, tendo por base a cobertura jornalística obtida nos diversos meios de comunicação social, desde jornais diários, sites de referência, televisões e rádios. 2 GW Media Report Highlights • 183 Notícias; • 45 por cento das notícias foram publicados na Internet, 40 por cento divulgadas na Imprensa, 13 por cento na Televisão e 2 por cento na rádio; • Entrevistas a porta‐vozes da SPOT, entre os quais o Dr.
    [Show full text]