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Bush Pardons Weinberg Questions About Hill's Prerogatives Remain Weather Today: Partly sunny, windy. snow shower late. High 38. Low 25. Wind 12-24 mph. Saturday: Partly sunny, very windy. High 30. Wind 20-40 mph. Yesterday: Temp. range: 26-46. Wind chill: -1. Details on D2. a 116TH YEAR No.20 FRIDAY, DECEM1 Bush Pardons Weinberg Questions About Hill's Prerogatives Remain By Dan Morgan and Walter Pincus Washington Past Staff Writers The pardoning of former defense secretary Caspar W. Weinberger and five others leaves large, unresolved questions about the sanctions available to Congress when it is thwarted in attempts to find the truth about presidential actions in a controversial foreign policy initiative. The common denominator among all those pardoned by President Bush yesterday is that each had been charged with or convicted of lying to, misleading or withholding information from Congress. NEWS ANALYSIS They included officials of the Defense De- partment, the State Department, the Na- tional Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. Bush yesterday criticized the indictments as an at- tempt by independent counsel Lawrence E. Walsh to "criminaliz[el policy differences" that should have been addressed "in the political arena." But the real question raised by the Iran-contra affair is whether Congress can have a serious policy discussion with the Executive Branch when it is denied access to critical facts. As Walsh noted yesterday, Weinberger was indicted not for the policy positions he took, but for concealing from Congress and from Walsh notes containing infor- mation crucial to a full understanding of Iran-contra. In the most recent phase of his investigation, analysts said, Walsh indicted highly placed Reagan administra- Former defense secretary Caspar tion officials for not fully or truthfully disclosing facts to congressional investigators once the initial outlines of W. Weinberger, denouncing Walsh the arms-for-hostages deals and the secret resupply of as "lawless and vindictive," called the contra rebels had been made public. In most cases where Walsh filed indictments, the in- his indictment "a grotesque use of dividuals involved were concealing information that contradicted what the administration previously had [the independent counsel's] really told the public. None of those pardoned had been criminally charged very dangerous power." See IRAN-CONTRA, A28, Col. I A28 FRIDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1992 .n THE WASIIINGTON Pardon Leaves Questions About Con IRAN-CONTRA, From Al a covert arms supply operation in caraguan government forces cap- Central America, and the illegal pres- tured a U.S. citizen working for because of what he did during the ence of U.S. advisers in the region, North. Iran-contra affair itself. In each case, House and Senate chairmen on key At the same time, although the the alleged criminality occurred af- congressional committees made no Intelligence Oversight Act of 1980 terwards, when Congress attempted serious effort to investigate or ques- created specific guidelines for the to find out details that might have tion administration officials. Executive Branch to inform Congress contradicted or embarrassed the The result was that NSC aide Lt. of covert intelligence actions abroad, president, the CIA or the NSC. the Reagan administration took ad- Yet Congress itself is far from vantage of loopholes to withhold key blameless in the course the affair information about the other half of In the mid-1980s, the scandal—the sale of arms to Iran took. By not aggressively examin- in exchange for Iranian assistance in ing the Reagan administration ini- Congress may have the release of U.S. hostages held in tiatives toward Iran and Central Lebanon during 1985 and 1986. It America in the mid-1980s, Con- signaled it was was the money from Iran that helped gress may have signaled to the ad- fund the covert contra resupply. ministration that it was more con- more concerned Only when the policies in Iran and cerned with public posturing than Central America failed and were ex- with serious oversight. with public posed did Congress make a serious Congress passed amendments in posturing. effort to get at the truth. According 1984 and 1985 banning or limiting to a number of the indictments ob- tained by Walsh, it was then that the U.S. military aid and advice to the Col. Oliver L. North was able to contras, the guerrilla force fighting administration moved to cover up key direct a covert resupply operation aspects of the affair. the pro-communist government in for the contras from the White The alleged coverup became the Nicaragua. But despite persistent House until the U.S. cover was focus of the final phases of Walsh's news reports and other indications of blown in October 1985, when Ni- investigation, nearly three years POST gressional Sanctions after it had begun. Some, such as official Alan D. Fiers Jr., former as- New York attorney Arthur L. Li- sistant secretary of state Elliott Ab- man, chief counsel of the Senate rams, and former CIA official Duane Select Committee that investigated R. "Dewey" Clarridge, who was set to Iran-contra, criticized Walsh for not go on trial next year on seven counts immediately going after North for of perjury and making false state- destroying Iran-contra records, ments. rather than pursuing his involve- Walsh charged yesterday that the ment in a broad conspiracy. pardon of Weinberger and other North eventually was convicted officials meant that the "Iran-contra of obstructing Congress, although coverup has now been completed." the conviction was thrown out be- He said that Weinberger's "early cause the judge said key testimony and deliberate decision to conceal was tainted by information North and withhold extensive contempo- gave Congress under immunity. raneous notes of the Iran-contra On Dec. 9, former CIA deputy di- matter radically altered the official ELLIOTT ABRAMS rector for operations Clair E. George investigations and possibly fore- . • . also received pardon from Bush was convicted on two counts of lying stalled timely impeachment pro- to Congress. The jury concluded that ceedings against President Reagan George had perjured himself when and other officials." Weinberger's notes say that Pres- he went before the Senate intelli- Walsh also revealed that Bush had ident Ronald Reagan and his aides gence committee on Dec. 3, 1986, withheld notes that could shed addi- discussed trading five U.S. hostages and had made a false statement to tional light on his role and that of oth- for 4,000 TOW anti-tank missiles, the House intelligence committee on ers. according to the indictment. Oct. 14, 1986. One count added on Oct. 30 to Bush has maintained that he was Others pardoned yesterday includ- the original Weinberger indictment unaware that the United States was ed former National Security adviser said Bush attended a Jan. 7, 1986, trading arms for hostages until late in Robert C. McFarlane, former CIA meeting on the Iran initiative. 1986. Sections A News/Editorials B Style/Television/Classified C Sports/Business/Comics D Metro/Obituaries Inside: Weekend ton i Ill o Today's Contents: Page A2 Prices May Vary in Amax Outside BER 25, 1992 Metropolitan Washington (See Box on A2) 25c er in Iran-Contra Affair Five Others Involved Also Win Clemency By Walter Pincus Washington Poet Stall Writer President Bush yesterday pardoned former defense secretary Caspar W. Weinberger and five other former government officials involved in the Iran-contra affair because "it was time for the country to move on." Independent counsel Lawrence E. Walsh, who had prosecuted all six of those Bush pardoned, angrily de- clared that Bush's action meant that "the Iran-contra coverup, which has continued for more than six years, has now been completed." But Walsh gave notice that he was still not finished with his investigation, indicat- ing that he is now focusing on Bush himself. Walsh disclosed that he had learned for the first time on Dec. 11 that Bush had "his own highly relevant con- temporaneous notes" about the Iran-contra affair, which he "had failed to produce to investigators . despite repeated requests for such documents." He said Bush was still handing over these notes, a process that "will lead to appropriate action." Withholding the notes until now constituted "miscon- duct" by Bush, Walsh said in a prepared statement, and like Weinberger's withholding of his notes, was part of "a disturbing pattern of deception and obstruction that permeated the highest levels of the Reagan and Bush administrations." Last night, in an interview on PBS's "MacNeil/Lehrer Independent counsel Lawrence E. NewsHour," Walsh went further, saying Bush is "the subject now of our investigation." Walsh said the pres- Walsh said that the president's ident may have "illegally withheld documents" from Iran-contra investigations. action meant that the Sources close to the Walsh investigation said the in- dependent counsel believes Bush acted yesterday, in "Iran-contra coverup, which has part, to head off a trial of Weinberger that could have embarrassed the president. Walsh said on Mac- continued for more than six years, Neil/Lehrer that in pardoning Weinberger, Bush was has now been completed." "pardoning a man who committed the same type of mis- conduct.that he [Bush] did." See PARDONS, A26, Col. 1 PARDONS, From AI be willing to release these notes to as a response to "a profoundly trou- the public. The source would not bling development in the political Senior administration officials explain why Walsh only learned of and legal climate of our country: the denied that Bush had any self-inter- the notes on Dec. 11. criminalization of policy differences. eked motive for pardoning Wein- Bush said yesterday he would These differences should be ad- berger and five others: former na- make public a transcript of his own dressed in the political arena, with- tional security adviser Robert C.
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