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Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and Import Law Dekkhina and President U Win Myint Were and S: 25 of the District Detained
Current No. Name Sex /Age Father's Name Position Date of Arrest Section of Law Plaintiff Address Remark Condition Superintendent Myanmar Military Seizes Power Kyi Lin of and Senior NLD leaders S: 8 of the Export Special Branch, including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and Import Law Dekkhina and President U Win Myint were and S: 25 of the District detained. The NLD’s chief Natural Disaster Administrator ministers and ministers in the Management law, (S: 8 and 67), states and regions were also 1 (Daw) Aung San Suu Kyi F General Aung San State Counsellor (Chairman of NLD) 1-Feb-21 Penal Code - Superintendent House Arrest Naypyitaw detained. 505(B), S: 67 of Myint Naing Arrested State Counselor Aung the (S: 25), U Soe San Suu Kyi has been charged in Telecommunicatio Soe Shwe (S: Rangoon on March 25 under ns Law, Official 505 –b), Section 3 of the Official Secrets Secret Act S:3 Superintendent Act. Aung Myo Lwin (S: 3) Myanmar Military Seizes Power S: 25 of the and Senior NLD leaders Natural Disaster including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi Superintendent Management law, and President U Win Myint were Myint Naing, Penal Code - detained. The NLD’s chief 2 (U) Win Myint M U Tun Kyin President (Vice Chairman-1 of NLD) 1-Feb-21 Dekkhina House Arrest Naypyitaw 505(B), S: 67 of ministers and ministers in the District the states and regions were also Administrator Telecommunicatio detained. ns Law Myanmar Military Seizes Power and Senior NLD leaders including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint were detained. -
Political Monitor No.31
Euro-Burma Office 14 – 20 September 2013 Political Monitor 2013 POLITICAL MONITOR NO.31 OFFICIAL MEDIA PRESIDENT THEIN SEIN MEETS 88 GENERATION PEACE AND OPEN SOCIETY GROUP President Thein Sein held talks with the 88 Generation Peace and Open Society Group led by Min Ko Naing on 14 September. They held cordial discussions covered a wide range of issues including reconciliation, mapping of a new form of political culture, flourishing of democratic practices and promoting socio-economic status of the people and to work together in dealing with transitional challenges. Others issues included resolving land disputes, political prisoners and all inclusiveness of national races groups, political parties and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in the on-going peace process.1 CSOs, MEDIA PLAY CRUCIAL ROLE FOR FREE, FAIR ELECTIONS A media conference (2013) between the Union Election Commission and political parties, jointly organized by Myanmar Multiparty Democracy Programme and International Media Support (IMS), was held in Yangon on 14 September. In his speech, the Union Election Commission (UEC) Chairman Tin Aye said that a strategic plan is being drawn in cooperation to the holding of free and fair elections in 2015. Laws and bylaws which are being drafted and cooperation of all political parties is of prime importance for successful holding the elections. Tin Aye highlighted the crucial role of CSOs and media in ensuring a free and fair election and also called for the collaboration of all political parties, CSOs and media in the holding of elections.2 LAWMAKERS MEET TO PROTECT RIGHTS OF ETHNIC NATIONALITIES Hluttaw Speakers and officials met with Myanmar Parliamentarian Committee and Union Attorney- General and region/state advocates-general on 13 September to discuss the bill on protection of the rights of ethnic nationalities to cooperate in equalizing the different laws of Regions and States in legislative matters of the Union. -
The Sangha and Political Acts the Sangha and Political Acts Secularization in a Theravada Buddhist Society Secularization in a Theravada Buddhist Society
Internationales Asienforum, Vol. 44 (2013), No. 3–4, pp. 271–297 Internationales Asienforum, Vol. 44 (2013), No. 3–4, pp. 271–297 The Sangha and Political Acts The Sangha and Political Acts Secularization in a Theravada Buddhist Society Secularization in a Theravada Buddhist Society KEIKO TOSA* KEIKO TOSA* Abstract Abstract The secularization thesis has been influential in social thought. Most Western and The secularization thesis has been influential in social thought. Most Western and some Asian countries including Japan, seem to confirm this thesis. However, in some Asian countries including Japan, seem to confirm this thesis. However, in most Southeast Asian countries religion remains important. In this paper, I focus on most Southeast Asian countries religion remains important. In this paper, I focus on the monk demonstrations in Myanmar in 2007. First, I show the contradictions in the monk demonstrations in Myanmar in 2007. First, I show the contradictions in the confrontation between religious ideals and the institutionalization of sangha (the the confrontation between religious ideals and the institutionalization of sangha (the monastic community of ordained monks and novices) in the modern political sys- monastic community of ordained monks and novices) in the modern political sys- tem. Then I discuss the institutionalization undertaken to unify the sangha and the tem. Then I discuss the institutionalization undertaken to unify the sangha and the relationship between sangha institutions and legal system and the secular world. relationship between sangha institutions and legal system and the secular world. After this contextualization, I examine the monk demonstrations as part of a social After this contextualization, I examine the monk demonstrations as part of a social movement. -
050411.Pos Com Burma1
RELEX 11/04/2005 POSITION COMMUNE DU CONSEIL du prorogeant et modifiant les mesures restrictives à l'encontre de la Birmanie/du Myanmar LE CONSEIL DE L'UNION EUROPÉENNE, vu le traité sur l'Union européenne, et notamment son article 15, considérant ce qui suit: (1) Le 26 avril 2004, le Conseil a arrêté la position commune 2004/423/PESC 1 renouvelant les mesures restrictives à l'encontre de la Birmanie/du Myanmar. (2) Le 25 octobre 2004, le Conseil a arrêté la position commune 2004/730/PESC 2 concernant des mesures restrictives supplémentaires à l'encontre de la Birmanie/du Myanmar et modifiant la position commune 2004/423/PESC. (3) Le 21 février 2005, le Conseil a arrêté la position commune 2005/149/PESC 3 modifiant l'Annexe II de la position commune 2004/423/PESC. (4) L'Union européenne rappelle sa position sur la situation politique qui règne en Birmanie/au Myanmar et considère que les développements récents ne justifient pas une suspension des mesures restrictives. (5) En conséquence, les mesures restrictives à l'encontre de la Birmanie/du Myanmar énoncées par la position commune 2004/423/PESC, telle que modifiée respectivement par les positions communes 2004/730/PESC et 2005/149/PESC, devraient rester en vigueur. (6) Le Conseil considère que, bien que certaines mesures imposées par la position commune 2004/423/PESC visent des personnes associées au régime birmanes/du Myanmar ainsi que les membres de leur famille, les enfants en-dessous de 18 ans, ne devraient, en principe, pas être ciblés. (7) Il convient d'apporter des modifications techniques aux listes annexées à la position commune 2004/423/PESC. -
No 667/2005 of 28 April 2005 Amending Council Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 Renewing the Restrictive Measures in Respect of Burma/Myanmar
29.4.2005EN Official Journal of the European Union L 108/35 COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 667/2005 of 28 April 2005 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 renewing the restrictive measures in respect of Burma/Myanmar THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, (4) Article 12(b) of Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 empowers the Commission to amend Annexes III and IV on the Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European basis of decisions taken in respect of Annexes I and II Community, to Common Position 2004/423/CFSP (2), renewing restrictive measures against Burma/Myanmar. Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 of 26 April 2004 renewing the restrictive measures in respect of Burma/Myanmar (1), and in particular Article 12 thereof, (5) Common Position 2005/340/CFSP (3) amends Annexes I and II to Common Position 2004/423/CFSP. Annexes III Whereas: and IV to Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 should, therefore, be amended accordingly. In order to ensure (1) Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 lists the that the measures provided for in this Regulation are competent authorities to which specific functions effective, this Regulation must enter into force imme- related to the implementation of that regulation are diately, attributed. Article 12(a) of Regulation (EC) No 798/2004 empowers the Commission to amend Annex II on the basis of information supplied by Member States. HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Belgium, Hungary, the Netherlands and Sweden have informed the Commission of changes regarding their competent authorities. Annex II to Regulation (EC) No Article 1 798/2004 should, therefore, be amended. -
Burma Briefing
Burma Burma’s 2015 Elections and the Briefing 2008 Constitution No. 41 October 2015 Introduction After the election, regardless of No. 1 Elections due on 8th November are obviously who wins: July 2010 significant, but they are unlikely to be the major turning point in a transition to democracy that • Military appoint Home Affairs Minister, many hope for or have talked them up to be. controlling police, security services and Rather, they will be another step in the military’s much of the justice system. So there could carefully planned transition from direct military rule still be political prisoners. and pariah status to a hybrid military and civilian government which is accepted by the international • Military are not under government or community and sections of Burmese society. Parliamentary control, so they could continue attacks in ethnic states, and use Burma’s 2008 Constitution is designed to present of rape as a weapon of war. the appearance of democracy, while maintaining ultimate military control. It is also specifically • 25% of seats in Parliament reserved for designed for the eventuality of the National League the military ensures a military veto over for Democracy (NLD) winning elections and forming constitutional democratic reforms. a government, without this being a threat to military control. They were not prepared, however, to risk • Military dominated National Defense having Aung San Suu Kyi, the most popular and and Security Council more powerful than influential politician in Burma, head that government. parliament or government. Clauses were put in the Constitution to prevent this. • Military have constitutional right to retake A government which is predominantly made up direct control of government. -
Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar
Myanmar Development Research (MDR) (Present) Enlightened Myanmar Research (EMR) Wing (3), Room (A-305) Thitsar Garden Housing. 3 Street , 8 Quarter. South Okkalarpa Township. Yangon, Myanmar +951 562439 Acknowledgement of Myanmar Development Research This edition of the “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)” is the first published collection of facts and information of political parties which legally registered at the Union Election Commission since the pre-election period of Myanmar’s milestone 2010 election and the post-election period of the 2012 by-elections. This publication is also an important milestone for Myanmar Development Research (MDR) as it is the organization’s first project that was conducted directly in response to the needs of civil society and different stakeholders who have been putting efforts in the process of the political transition of Myanmar towards a peaceful and developed democratic society. We would like to thank our supporters who made this project possible and those who worked hard from the beginning to the end of publication and launching ceremony. In particular: (1) Heinrich B�ll Stiftung (Southeast Asia) for their support of the project and for providing funding to publish “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)”. (2) Party leaders, the elected MPs, record keepers of the 56 parties in this book who lent their valuable time to contribute to the project, given the limited time frame and other challenges such as technical and communication problems. (3) The Chairperson of the Union Election Commission and all the members of the Commission for their advice and contributions. -
Political Monitor No.21
Euro-Burma Office 6 - 12 September 2014 Political Monitor 2014 POLITICAL MONITOR NO. 21 OFFICIAL MEDIA ELECTION COMMISSION POSTPONES BY-ELECTIONS Union Election Commission Chairman Tin Aye announced in a meeting with political parties on 7 September that the by-elections to be held later this year would be cancelled citing concerns over costs and chairing ASEAN as reasons for the decision. Chairman Tin Aye explained that the Union Election Commission had initially told a parliamentary session on 20 May that the second by- elections would be held in late November or early December. However, now that the parliament is occupied with addressing constitutional and electoral reforms issues, holding by-elections would be burdensome on the political parties, some of whose representatives are members of the committees and commissions tasked with constitutional and electoral amendments. Tin Aye said that the government would have to spend over 2 billion kyats on two elections and, as a result, a second thought should be given to holding the elections as there is no telling whether the spending would benefit the country.1 PRESIDENT MAKES OFFICIAL VISIT TO SWITZERLAND President Thein Sein arrived in Switzerland on 4 September and held talks with Swiss President Didier Burkhalter and discussed a wide range of matters including improvement of vocational training schools, development of agriculture and livestock breeding sectors, capacity building for service personnel and local authorities, peace-making process, human rights promotion, constitutional affairs and holding of free and fair elections. They also exchanged views on peace and stability and the development of Rakhine State, as well as racial and religious conflict prevention and relations between ASEAN and regional countries. -
Raising the Curtain
Raising the Curtain Cultural Norms, Social Practices and Gender Equality in Myanmar 1 We, both women and men, hold equal opportunities and chances since we were born, as we all are, human beings. Most women think that these opportunities and favours are given by men. No, these are our own opportunities and chances to live equally and there is no need to thank men for what they are not doing. Focus Group Discussion with Muslim women, aged 18-25, Mingalartaung Nyunt Township The Gender Equality Network Yangon, Myanmar © All rights reserved Published in Yangon, Myanmar, Gender Equality November 2015 Network 2 Cultural Norms, Social Practices and Gender Equality in Myanmar 3 Contents Acronyms 6 Acknowledgements 7 Executive Summary 8 1. Introduction 10 1.1 Background and Rationale 12 1.2 Objectives and Study Questions 12 1.3 Methodology - In Brief 13 2. Setting the Scene 16 2.1 ‘The Problem is that the Problem is not Seen as a Problem’ 17 2.2 Historical Narratives: Women’s High Status and Comparisons with Other Countries 18 2.3 Gender Inequality and Gender Discrimination: Where is the Problem? 21 2.4 Gender Equality as a ‘Western’ Concept 25 3. Cultural and Religious Norms and Practices 26 3.1 Culture in Myanmar, and Myanmar Culture 27 3.2 The Inseparability of Culture and Religion 29 3.3 Women as Bearers of Culture 30 3.4 The Role of Nuns in Buddhism 32 3.5 Hpon, Respect and Male Superiority 34 3.6 Purity, Female Inferiority and Exclusion 37 3.7 Modesty, Male Sexuality and the Importance of Women’s Dress 38 3.8 The Construction of Ideal Masculinity 41 3.9 Letting the Birds Rest on the Pagoda: Controlling the Self, Enduring Hardship and Sacrificing 42 4. -
A History of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964)
University of Wollongong Theses Collection University of Wollongong Theses Collection University of Wollongong Year A history of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964) Kyaw Zaw Win University of Wollongong Win, Kyaw Zaw, A history of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964), PhD thesis, School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/106 This paper is posted at Research Online. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/106 A HISTORY OF THE BURMA SOCIALIST PARTY (1930-1964) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree Doctor of Philosophy From University of Wollongong By Kyaw Zaw Win (BA (Q), BA (Hons), MA) School of History and Politics, Faculty of Arts July 2008 Certification I, Kyaw Zaw Win, declare that this thesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the School of History and Politics, Faculty of Arts, University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Kyaw Zaw Win______________________ Kyaw Zaw Win 1 July 2008 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations and Glossary of Key Burmese Terms i-iii Acknowledgements iv-ix Abstract x Introduction xi-xxxiii Literature on the Subject Methodology Summary of Chapters Chapter One: The Emergence of the Burmese Nationalist Struggle (1900-1939) 01-35 1. Burmese Society under the Colonial System (1870-1939) 2. Patriotism, Nationalism and Socialism 3. Thakin Mya as National Leader 4. The Class Background of Burma’s Socialist Leadership 5. -
Acts Adopted Under Title V of the Treaty on European Union)
L 108/88EN Official Journal of the European Union 29.4.2005 (Acts adopted under Title V of the Treaty on European Union) COUNCIL COMMON POSITION 2005/340/CFSP of 25 April 2005 extending restrictive measures against Burma/Myanmar and amending Common Position 2004/423/CFSP THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, (8) In the event of a substantial improvement in the overall political situation in Burma/Myanmar, the suspension of Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in these restrictive measures and a gradual resumption of particular Article 15 thereof, cooperation with Burma/Myanmar will be considered, after the Council has assessed developments. Whereas: (9) Action by the Community is needed in order to (1) On 26 April 2004, the Council adopted Common implement some of these measures, Position 2004/423/CFSP renewing restrictive measures 1 against Burma/Myanmar ( ). HAS ADOPTED THIS COMMON POSITION: (2) On 25 October 2004, the Council adopted Common Position 2004/730/CFSP on additional restrictive Article 1 measures against Burma/Myanmar and amending Annexes I and II to Common Position 2004/423/CFSP shall be Common Position 2004/423/CFSP (2). replaced by Annexes I and II to this Common Position. (3) On 21 February 2005, the Council adopted Common Position 2005/149/CFSP amending Annex II to Article 2 Common Position 2004/423/CFSP (3). Common Position 2004/423/CFSP is hereby renewed for a period of 12 months. (4) The Council would recall its position on the political situation in Burma/Myanmar and considers that recent developments do not justify suspension of the restrictive Article 3 measures. -
Commission Regulation (EC)
L 108/20 EN Official Journal of the European Union 29.4.2009 COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 353/2009 of 28 April 2009 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 renewing and strengthening the restrictive measures in respect of Burma/Myanmar THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, (3) Common Position 2009/351/CFSP of 27 April 2009 ( 2 ) amends Annexes II and III to Common Position 2006/318/CFSP of 27 April 2006. Annexes VI and VII Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European to Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 should, therefore, be Community, amended accordingly. Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 of (4) In order to ensure that the measures provided for in this 25 February 2008 renewing and strengthening the restrictive Regulation are effective, this Regulation should enter into measures in respect of Burma/Myanmar and repealing Regu- force immediately, lation (EC) No 817/2006 ( 1), and in particular Article 18(1)(b) thereof, HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Whereas: Article 1 1. Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 is hereby (1) Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 lists the replaced by the text of Annex I to this Regulation. persons, groups and entities covered by the freezing of funds and economic resources under that Regulation. 2. Annex VII to Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 is hereby replaced by the text of Annex II to this Regulation. (2) Annex VII to Regulation (EC) No 194/2008 lists enter- prises owned or controlled by the Government of Article 2 Burma/Myanmar or its members or persons associated with them, subject to restrictions on investment under This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publi- that Regulation.