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Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2019 A Comparative Study of Piano Performance Programs at University- Level Institutions in China and the United SYutana Jitaengs Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PIANO PERFORMANCE PROGRAMS AT UNIVERSITY-LEVEL INSTITUTIONS IN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES By YUAN JIANG A Dissertation submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2019 Yuan Jiang defended this dissertation on April 6, 2019. The members of the supervisory committee were: Diana Dumlavwalla Professor Directing Dissertation David Kalhous University Representative Kimberly VanWeelden Committee Member William Fredrickson Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii To my parents, Jian Jiang and Huixia He iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I have been incredibly fortunate to have such an abundance of mentors who helped me to make this degree and this dissertation a success. I would like to first express sincere appreciation to my main professor, Dr. Diana Dumlavwalla, for not only providing valuaBle insight and direction during the completion of this dissertation but also providing guidance, encouragement, and support throughout my doctoral study. You are the role model for the type of professor I want to be in the future. I will always be thankful for everything you have done for me. Appreciation is extendeD to my committee members—Dr. Kimberly Van Weelden, Dr. David Kalhous, and Dr. William Fredrickson. The gracious gift of your time and support has meant so much to me. Dr.Van Weelden, you always made yourself available to me. Thank you for the countless hours that you have given to me. I really appreciate your patience, guidance and support throughout the dissertation process. Dr. Kalhous, thank you for being my wonderful piano professor. Your remarkable musicianship and gentle guidance will forever be inspiration to me. Dr. Fredrickson, I admire your professionalism and leadership since my very first music education class at FSU. Thank you for your input and encouragement. To my professors and colleagues, past and present, you have inspired me in ways you will never know—to be a better musician, a better teacher, a better listener, and a better person. Please accept my deepest and most sincere thanks. To those who participated in the research and survey, thank you for your time and sharing your experiences as piano professors and students. It is the information that you provideD that made this study possible. A special thank you goes to my parents, Jian Jiang and Huixia He, who, from the beginning, have supported me not only in my academic goals, but also in every aspect of my life. iv You taught me about values, hard work and determination. Thank you for never letting me give up. v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ viii Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ x 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 1 The Growing Trend of an Increasing Number of Asian Music Students in the U.S ............ 1 A Comparison of the Piano Study in China and in the United States ................................... 2 Significance of the Project .......................................................................................................... 4 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................................... 5 Research Questions .................................................................................................................... 6 Operational Definitions .............................................................................................................. 7 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................................................................... 11 University-level Piano Education in China .............................................................................. 11 The Beginning of Professional Piano Education ................................................................. 11 The Rapid Development and Expansion of Piano Programs .............................................. 13 University-level Piano Education in the United States ............................................................ 15 The History of Conservatories ........................................................................................... 15 Music Performance Degree Programs ............................................................................... 16 Cross-cultural Study in Higher Music Education ..................................................................... 17 3. METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 20 Participants ............................................................................................................................... 20 Selecting Sample Institutions ............................................................................................. 20 Selecting Student and Faculty Participants ........................................................................ 23 Dependent Measure .................................................................................................................. 24 Data Collection Sheet ......................................................................................................... 24 Questionnaires .................................................................................................................... 25 Procedures ................................................................................................................................ 26 Collecting the Data of Piano Performance Programs ......................................................... 26 Administering the Questionnaires ...................................................................................... 26 Analyzing Quantitative and Qualitative Data .................................................................... 28 Limitations ................................................................................................................................ 29 4. RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 31 Data Collection from Selected Institutions ............................................................................... 31 Research Question 1 ........................................................................................................... 31 Research Question 2 ........................................................................................................... 32 Audition Requirements in the U.S. .................................................................................... 34 Audition Requirements in China ........................................................................................ 35 The Comparison of Audition Requirements ...................................................................... 36 Research Question 3 ........................................................................................................... 40 Curriculum Requirements in the U.S. ................................................................................ 42 Curriculum Requirements in China .................................................................................... 43 vi Comparison of Curriculum Requirements ......................................................................... 44 Research Question 4 ........................................................................................................... 48 Core Course Offerings in Chinese Institutions ................................................................... 50 Core Course Offerings in American institutions ................................................................ 50 Comparison of Core Course Offerings ............................................................................... 51 Results from Survey Questionnaires ........................................................................................ 54 Survey Respondents ........................................................................................................... 54 Research Question 5 ........................................................................................................... 59 Research Question 6. .......................................................................................................... 63 Research Question 7 ........................................................................................................... 73 Research Question 8 ..........................................................................................................