2020

District Environment Plan ()

DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION, GIRIDIH NATURE TO LIFE

SAVE ENVIRONMENT – SAVE PLANET – SAVE LIVES District Environment Plan - Giridih

Index

Abstracts 2

Background 3 – 8

District Profile 9 - 13

Waste Management Plan 14 - 24

Industrial & Hazardous Waste Control 25 – 27

Sewage Treatment Plan 28 - 29

Conservation of Water bodies 20 – 34

Water Quality Management Plan 34 – 35

Air Quality Management Plan 36

Mining Activity Management Plan 37 -38

Noise Pollution Management Plan 39

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Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Summary

ThisDistrict Environment Plan is prepared in line with the instructions of the Honble National Green Tribunal under the guidance of the Deputy Commissioner, Giridih. The newly constituted District Environment Committee interacted through a consultative process with different stakeholders and line agencies to get an detailed overview of environmental management related issues, challenges and potentials to translate into a doable action plan.

The plan has duly considered various waste management rules notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change under the Environment Protection Act to manage the waste and prevent and control environmental risks.

As per the directives of honble NGT the plan has considered all the seven environmental management areas viz. waste management wrt solid waste, bio-medical waste, construction and demolition waste, hazardous waste and e-waste, water quality management plan, Domestic sewerage management plan, Industrial waste Water management plan, Air pollution management plan, Mining activity management plan and noise pollution management.

Following considerations have been made in this district environment plan –

The present plan aims for an immediate period of 2 years to make it dynamic and open for periodic review and modifications.

Community engagement and civic responsibilities needs to promoted for community ownership for effective implementation and target achievements.

Existing rules and notifications needs to further reviewed in finalization of the micro-plans for each of the component for highest level of compliance.

All responsible stakeholders are expected to report the District Environment Committee at regular intervals about the progress in their key responsibility areas.

Each stakeholder should explore adequate schemes and resources within their reach to dovetail with the Environmental action plans and strive to fully or partially adapt the recommendations in their regular business.

The planning experience has highlighted need of a robust database at micro as well as meta level and therefore adequate attention has been paid to plan a data collection process for validating the baseline and regular tracking of progress with benchmarks.

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Background

Hon’ble National Green Tribunal, New has passed an order on 15.07.2019 in O.A. No.710/2017 titled as Shailesh Singh Versus Sheela Hospital and Trauma Centre Shahjahanpur that “it is necessary to have a District Environment Plan to be operated by the District Committee with representatives from Panchayats, Local Bodies, Regional Officers, State PCB and suitable officers representing the administration which may in turn be chaired and monitored by the district magistrate. Such District Environment Plans and constitution of District Committee may be placed on the website of districts concerned. The monthly report of monitoring by the district magistrate may be furnished to the Chief Secretary and may be placed on the website of the district and kept on such websites for a period of one year.”

Further Hon’ble National Green Tribunal passed an order on 26.09.2019 in OA No. 360/2018 titled Shree Nath Sharma Vs. Union of &Ors. That “The Department of Environment of all states & Union Territories may collect such District Environment Plans of their respective States and finalize the ‘State Environment Plan’ covering the specific thematic areas. Let this Action Plan be completed by 15.12.2019 and compliance be reported to the Tribunal by 31.12.2019.”

In this regard, Principal Secretary to Government / Chairman (FAC) vide D.O. letter dated 26.07.2019 requested District Collectors to prepare District Environmental plans by constituting District Committee (as a part of District Planning Committee under Article 243 ZD) with representatives from Panchayats, Local Bodies, Regional Officers, State PCB and a suitable officer representing the administration, which may in turn be chaired and monitored by the District Collector / District Magistrate twice every month and shall host the same in the website for a period of one year on or before 01.08.2019 & furnish monthly progress report to Chief Secretary to Government every month and copy of the same earmarked to Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board accordingly.

In this regard, Principal Secretary to Government Forest, Environment & Climate Change department vide letter no. 487 dated 07.02.2020, Special Secretary to Government Forest, Environment & Climate Change department vide letter no. 4869 dated 26.12.2019 and Deputy Secretary to Government Forest, Environment & Climate Change department vide letter no. 4871 dated 26.12.2019 and letter no. 1660 dated 24.06.2020 requested Member secretary of the District Environment committee to prepare District Environmental Plans.

The plan will cover the thematic areas such as:

1. Waste Management Plan

a. Solid Waste Management 3 b. Plastic Waste Management Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

c. Construction & Demolition Waste Management d. Bio-Medical Waste Management e. Hazardous Waste Management f. E-Waste Management

2. Water Quality Management Plan

3. Domestic Sewerage Management Plan

4. Industrial Waste Water Management Plan

5. Air Quality Management Plan

6. Mining Activity Management Plan

7. Noise Pollution Management Plan

As per the directions and departmental letter 2173 dated 30-07-2020, aDistrict committee was formed in under the chairmanship of the Deputy Commissioner, Giridih comprising of following members to evolve and execute District Environmental Plan –

Sl Name 1 Deputy Commissioner, Giridih 2 Divisional Forest Officer, Giridih East Division 3 Divisional Forest Officer, Giridih East Division 4 City Comssioner, Giridih 5 Deputy Development Commissioner, Giridih 6 Director, DRDA, Giridih 7 District Agriculture Officer, Giridih 8 District Soil Conservation Officer, Giridih 9 Executive Engineer, Minor Irrigation Division, Giridih 10 District Mining Officer, Giridih 11 One NGO representative with excellent work in this sector

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PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: Perhaps the most important decision of the Supreme Court in relation to sustainable development was the Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v Union of India case. In this PIL it was alleged that untreated effluents was discharged by tanneries in the state of Tamil Nadu into agricultural field, waterways, etc which finally entered into the river and polluted its water. The Court in arguably the most significant judgment of its kind in relation to environmental law rejected the conventional doctrine that development and environmental are irreconcilable. The Court highlighted the fact that in the two decades from Stockholm to Rio sustainable development has emerged as a viable concept to balance development and the ecosystem. The Court recognized the fact that sustainable development has been accepted under customary international law as a balancing concept between ecology and development. Further the Court also referred to the precautionary principle and the polluter pays principle as having assumed fundamental principles of international environmental law. The Court also pointed out that these concepts are also implied in constitutional provisions such as Article 47, 48A and 51A(g) as well as legislations such as the Water Act.

PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE: Precautionary principle rests upon the preventive aspect of environmental law. The crux of the precautionary principle implies that, even where there is no scientific evidence suggesting that there might be potential harmful effects in respect to a particular theory, precaution should be taken. In other words, discharge of pollutants, which are potentially harmful, must be controlled, even in the absence of specific data concerning it. The precautionary principle, as applied by the Court in the Vellore Citizens’ Case imposed an obligation on every developer, industry as well as governmental agency to anticipate, prevent and attack the causes of environmental degradation. The Court also held that if there are threats of serious and irreversible damage then any lack of scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent environmental degradation. The Court also emphasized on the fact that the onus of proof will be on the actors to show that their action has no detrimental effect on the environment.

THE POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE: The Polluter Pays principle was also recognized in the Vellore Citizen’s case and this principle has been recognized in a number of international agreements including the Rio declaration. This principle can be evaluated from two main aspects. On one hand it is used as mechanism for providing compensation. On the other hand it is also used as a preventive mechanism. So this principle adopts a two pronged approach as it acts as compensatory in nature as it mandates that the polluter should pay for the harm inflicted by him on the 5 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih environment and at the same time acts as a preventive measure as the imposition of heavy penalties detracts polluters.

A lucid interpretation of the Polluter Pays principle and its application in India was given in the case of Enviro Legal Action v Union of India where the Hon’ble Court observed that ‘we are of the opinion that any principle evolved in this behalf should be simple, practical and suited to the conditions obtaining in this country. Once the activity carried on is hazardous or inherently dangerous, the polluter carrying on such activity is liable to make good the loss caused to any other affected party by polluter’s activity irrespective of the fact whether the polluter took reasonable care while carrying on his activity.”

PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE:

Another doctrine that has occupied a place within the corpus of Indian environmental jurisprudence mostly due to the initiatives taken by the apex court of the country is the Public Trust doctrine. This doctrine which has been borrowed from Roman jurisprudence dating back o ancient times stipulates that natural resources like air, seashore, rivers, etc are held by the state as trustee and the state is prohibited from breaching the trust.

This doctrine was recognized and discussed in detail in the case of MC Mehta v Kamal Nath and Others. In the instant case the flow of the river Beas was deliberately diverted because it used to flood Span Motels in the Kullu-Manali valley in which Kamal Nath’s family had a direct interest. Further the motel also encroached on protected forestland. However this encroachment was regularized by the Himachal Pradesh government. The Supreme Court applied the public trust doctrine by observing that the Himachal Pradesh Government has committed breach of public trust doctrine by leasing land which was ecologically fragile to private individuals.

While discussing the doctrine the Court referred to the article of Professor Joseph L Sax and stated that the doctrine rests on the principle that certain natural resources has great utility to the people and hence it is unjustified that such natural resources should be brought under private ownership. Finally while discussing the applicability of the principle within Indian environmental legal framework the Court observed that the English legal jurisprudence recognizes the principle of public trust doctrine. As the Indian legal system is based on the English common law so this principle also forms an integral part of Indian legal jurisprudence.

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PRINCIPLE OF ABSOLUTE LIABILITY: Finally the principle of absolute liability as propounded in the case of MC Mehta v Union of India. In this case the primary question was regarding the extent to which industries which engage in hazardous and inherently dangerous industries can be held liable. In the landmark judgment it was observed by the Court that the principle of strict liability as was propounded in the case of Rylands v Fletcher is not sufficiently adequate in the context ofpresent India environmental jurisprudence.

So the principle of absolute liability as formulated in the instant case is based on the premise that inherently hazardous industries which has a potential of threat to the health and safety of the community has an obligation of adhering to the highest standard of safety and if any harm occurs due to the activities of suchan industry then such and enterprise should have to be held absolutely liable and would have to pay compensation.So this entails that such an enterprise can be held absolutely liable and cannot evade their responsibility of paying compensation under any exceptions which was possible under the tortuous principle of strict liability. This principle was further reaffirmedin the Indian Council for Enviro Legal Action v Union of India in which it was held that industries will be absolutely liable to the harm caused to villagers due to the pollution caused to the soil and underground water and hence are bound to take remedial measures toimprove the situation.

In conclusion it can be stated that the significance of this particular doctrine lies in the fact that it acts as an ideal weapon to deal with negligent pollution causing industries and also acts as a deterrent factor to arrest the problem of environmental degradation.

This District Environment Plan envisages to develop a roadmap for the sustainable management of environment for improved human health and natural resource status over generation on the basis of identified challenges and potentials.

The operational focus of the District Environment Plan is on -

 Creating baseline information, data and evidences of climate action, pollution and environmental risks.

 Introducing specific law enforcement and intervention measures for sustainable management of environment and resources.

 Engagement of various stakeholders for local area specific planning and community participation in problem solving related to environmental issues.

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District Profile - Giridih Giridih district almost lies in the central part of the North ChotanagpurDivision in the state of Jharkhand and the district is bounded on the north by Jamui and some part of district of , on the east by the districts of , Jamtara and ,on the south by and some part of and on the west by Hazaribag and . It covers an area of about 4854.33 Sq. Km and is situated between 240 02’ and 240 45’ N latitude and 850 40’ and 860 34’E longitude. The district falls in Survey of India Figure 1 - Map of Giridih District toposheet nos. 72 H /13,14,15, 16, 72 L/ 01, 02, 03, 04,07,08, 12, 72 E/13, 72 I/1 and 5. The district which acquired the status of an independent district on 6th December, 1972, has a close linkage with the parent district . In 1999, part of it became . Giridih is the administrative headquarter and the principal town of the district. The district has been given this name for abundance of mountain and hillocks in the district. It has one sub – division which has been further divided into thirteen blocks namely – Giridih, , , , , Dhanwar, Dewri, , Gawan, Tisri, Dumri, Birni and Sariya (Fig. 1). The district has two constituencies namely and Giridih and 6 assembly seats. Giridih District is spread over an area of 4853.56 sq km.

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Page Figure 2 - Location map of Giridih District District Environment Plan - Giridih

Administrative structure Administrative units No. List Subdivisions 04 Giridih, Khorimahua,Suriya/Bagodar, Dumri Block(s) 13 Bagodar, Bengabad, Birni, Deori, Dhanwar, Dumri, Gandey, Gawan, GiridihSadar, Jamua, Pirtand, Suriya, Tisri Panchayats 363 Revenue Villages 2763 No. of Urban Local Bodies 03 Giridih Municipal Corporation - 36 Wards Dhanwar Nagar Panchayat - 11 BadkiSariya Nagar Panchayat - 12 wards Table 3 - Administrative setup of Giridih District

Demography According to the census in 2011 Giridih had a population of 143,529 which shows the rapid increase in the urban growth of the city. Demographics 2011 2001

Total Population 2,445,474 1,904,430

Male 1,258,098 960,679

Female 1,187,376 943,751

Population Growth 28.41% 27.28%

Area Sq. Km 4,962 4,962

Density/km2 493 387

Proportion to Jharkhand Population 7.41% 7.07%

Sex Ratio (Per 1000) 944 982

Child Sex Ratio (0-6 Age) 942 978

Average Literacy 63.14 44.50

Male Literacy 76.76 62.09

Female Literacy 48.72 26.62

Total Child Population (0-6 Age) 460,251 404,811

Male Population (0-6 Age) 237,056 204,686

Female Population (0-6 Age) 223,195 200,125 9 Table 2 - Demographic profile of Giridih District Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

The place is famous for the Jain pilgrimage Shikhar ji, the Parshwanath hills, the Rijukula (Barakar) river which is the place of enlightenment of lord Mahavir, the and Khandoli dam which are attraction of local as well as outstation tourists.

Physiography and drainage The physiography of the area is controlled by rock types occurring in the area, which are hard consolidated and semi-consolidated formations. The district represents a hilly and undulating terrain with an average elevation varying from 250 m to 600 mabove mean sea level. The district may be divided broadly into three natural divisions viz 1. The Central Plateau 2. The Lower plateau 3. The Damodar valley The central area of the district is occupied by the central plateau, which is surrounded by lower plateaus from all sides except in the west where a ridge connects the central plateau to the . The lower plateau with average height of 1300 ft is undulating in nature. In the north and North West the lower plateaus form tablelands until they reach ghats when they drop in height to 700 ft. The Damodar valley occurs along the southern part of the district. In the district lies the famous hill, which has the distinction of being the highest peak of the state with an altitude of 4479 ft above mean sea level. The majority of the area is occupied by plateau, which is moderately to shallow weathered, depending upon its area of occurrence. However

Fig 3 -: Drainage Map of Giridih District major portion of the

plateau area is 10 moderately weathered. Some of the linear ridges running along E-W direction occur near Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Dumaria, NaukadihiKalhamanja, Bharkatta villages and some of the residual hillocks scattered in nature, occur near Shriram nagar, Khandauli and Jonktiabad. The linear ridges and the residual hills act as run-off zone. Majority of the villages in the area occur on the inter stream divide. The major part of the district is having dendritic drainage pattern, controlled mainly by the topography the area.

The district is divided into two main watersheds viz the Barakar and the Sakri rivers. The drains through major portion of the district, enters the district near the Birni block and also flows through . The Sakri river passes through the areas of Deori and Gawan blocks. A number of small rivers also flows in the district, the most important among them being Usri. Usri fall is one of the important fall on the river Usri situated about 13 km from Giridih town. All the rivers in the district area are seasonal in nature. During summer the flow of Barakar river is minimal. One of the major river is the Barakar river, which flows in NW-SE direction. The UsriNadi, whcih flows in NW-SE direction, takes turn near RautgadiDhirabarnadi near Garatanr village and starts flowing almost in N-S direction. The UsriNadi is joined by the village. Some of the prominent streams, which flow through the district are Jaria Nala, KhakhoNadi, Chilkharo Nala etc. The drainage of the buffer zone is mainly controlled by the Barakar river and its tributaries namely UsriNadi, Dhirabarnadi, KhakhoNadi ,Jaria Nala, Chilkharo Nala etc and the Sikri river. The UsriNadi along with its tributaries meets the Barakar river near Hazaribad village.

The average elevation of the city is 289 meters or 948 ft. The city has the highest peak of the state, Parasnath Hills. Giridih is located at around 4477 ft above the sea level.

Climate and Rainfall The district belongs to one of the 13 districts of Jharkhand, which falls in the Agro climatic sub-zone-IV. The district receives less than 1300 mm of annual rainfall. The district experiences a subtropicalclimate with three well marked seasons namely winter, summer and rainy season. The winter season begins in November and continues up to February, though the first half of March remains somewhat cool. December is the coolest month of the year and the last week of the month is the coolest period. In the second half of March the temperature rises considerably and temperature goes up to 47 degree Celsius in the month of May, which is the hottest month of the area. The monsoon season starts from the middle of June and continues till end of September or middle of October. With the cessation of rains the temperature starts falling and the climate become rather pleasant.

Geology The oldest geological formation which occurs in the district is the crystalline metamorphics 11 of Archaean age, which forms the basement. The area is underlain by rocks belonging to Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Chotanagpur granite gneissic complex of Proterozoic age comprising of biotite and quartz biotite granite gneiss. These are overlain by lower Gondwana sedimentaries which were deposited in the slowly sinking faulted troughs or basins. The rocks of younger age include only quaternary sediments mixed with residual soil at places and are confined to small areas in and around drainage channels. The Archaean crystallines are formed from rock types of both sedimentary and igneous origin. The sedimentaries were converted into various grades of schists by regional metamorphism. Quartz biotite granite gneiss covers a large part of the area and seems to be intruded by granites showing porphhyroblastic texture. The Chotanagpur granite gneiss contains enclaves of metasedimentaries which are aligned in almost E-W direction. The Meta sedimentaries in the area include Amphibolite, hornblende schist and Epidiorite. The amphibolites /meta basics occur as interband with quartzofelsphatic rocks and also occur in the form of isolated bodies. The metamorphosed were then intruded by magmas of basic and acid composition. Intrusive dykes and epidiorites occur usually as prominent hillocks in and around the area.

Age Formation Lithology (Rock type) Quaternary Alluvium Sand, silt, clay Lower Gondwana Barakar Formation Sandstone, grit, shale, (Upper Carboniferous carbonaceous shale, coal to Permian) Karharbari Shale, Sandstone

Talcher Sandstone, Shale, Boulders, Conglomerates ------UNCONFORMITY ------Archaean Chhotanagpur Granite Quartz vein, breciatted (Lower to Upper Gneissic Complex quartz, pegmatites Proterozoic) Biotite and quartz biotite granite gneiss

Unclassified Meta Amphibolite, Hornblende sedimentaries schist, Epidorite Table 4 Geological formations in Giridih district

The Gondwana rocks which are exposed in trough like basins in the area is the Barakar formations only. This formation is extensively jointed, fractured and faulted, intruded by dykes and sills. The Gondwanas, unconformably overly the metamorphics and over a greater part of the area dipping southerly, thereby exposing the younger unit towards the south

adjoining the southern faulted boundary. Sandstone, shale, carbonaceous shale, coal and clays are the major litho units of the Gondwanas. Alluvium and residual soils occur only as 12 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih superficial deposit in general. Deposits of alluvium occur along the flood plains of Barakar, Sikri and the local streams namely Usri, Dhirabar, KhakhoNadi , as thin veneer.

Giridih township and the district falls in the geological formation of Archaean and Gondwana period and a clear boundary can be seen of both these formation along the township situated on Archaean terrain and nearby coal formations in Gondwana rocks.

Forest The region is covered with dense vegetation especially by Sal and Teak forests. Other commonly found species are Simul, Bamboo, Palas, Mahua, Kusum, Asan Piar, Kend and Bhelwa. Barakar and Sakri Rivers flows through Giridih and contributes immensely in the biodiversity of the region. Total forest cover area is 159160.78 ha.

The main mining activities of Giridih district is COAL and MICA. Mica mining operations are in stage of closure due to lack of export order and discovery substitute conductor in place of MICA. But there had been good growth of coal industries & mining. Therefore, a large amount of geographical area is under these industries which had to be treated well sow as to check ecological degradation. As a considerable amount of forest and non forest land are under mining operation, the population residing under mining towns had been one of the major biotic factor causing innumerable damage to the local forests. It should be mandatory for the Govt. or Nongovt. agencies engaged in mining activities to take care of raising suitable vegetation cover on the land under their jurisdiction. This will control massive dust pollution in such area which had been causing various lung diseases to the people living in and around such mines.

Majority of the forests of this division has become non-productive due to excessive biotic pressure therefore it is advisable to adopt the system of coppice selection and regeneration of species.

Mines & Minerals Giridih district is one of the mineral rich districts in India and famous for its mica and coal deposits. The mica deposits are located within the reserve forests and the coal deposits in Gondwana formations.

Apart from these there are also good reserves of beryl, feldspar, moon stone,

quartz and silica sand in the district. 13

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Action Plan

Waste Management Plan

Solid Waste Management

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India has notified the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. As per the Rules, the role of local body has been specified as per Rule 15 of Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 and as per Rule 16 of the said Rules, Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board shall enforce these Rules through local bodies.

With respect to effective implementation of Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, Hon’ble NGT had laid down several orders, of which, Hon‟ble National Green Tribunal, Principal Bench on 22nd December 2016 has passed judgment in Original Application No. 199 of 2014 filed by Mrs. Almitra Patel with regard to solid waste management.

Further, for effective implementation of the said Rules, the Hon‟ble NGT in its orders dated 31.08.2018 had constituted Apex Committee, Regional Committee and State Committee.

Solid Waste Generation in Giridih District

Giridih district presently has 3 urban local bodies, one Municipal Corporation at Giridih and two Nagar Panchayats at BadkiSariya and Dhanwar.

The Giridih Municipal Corporation covers 19533 households with 1666 non-residential premises within the city and 36 municipal wards. 55 metric tons of solid waste is generated everyday out of which 51 metric tons is collected on daily basis. 25 tons of solid waste is being processed and rest 26 tons is disposed at dumpsites/landfills. Average waste collection per capita per day is 330 gms.

92% of the total households and 94% of the non-residential premises in urban area are practicing storage of waste at source in domestic and commercial or institutional bins. 10% of the premises are segregating the waste at source, whereas 8% of households and 6% of the non-residential premises are disposing solid wase on streets.

The city has 26km length of roads, streets, lanes and bye lanes to be cleaned by sweeping on daily basis. The waste storage depot is situated near Bus Stand area in ward no. 23. Solid waste processing is presently done in 0.6 ha area. 14 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

For urban locations the solid waste management plan is as follows –

Sl Actionable Areas Outcomes Responsibility 1 Segregation of Being initiated partially Commissioner, Corporation Waste All Executive Officers 2 Door to door waste Already established in GMC, Commissioner, Corporation collection to be initiated in both Nagar All Executive Officers panchayats 3 Setting up Recycling Being initiated in GMC, Commissioner, Corporation Units to be initiated at other ULBs All Executive Officers 4 Linkage with Linkages with recyclers Commissioner, Corporation recyclers established All Executive Officers 5 Authorization of Initiated in GMC, to be Commissioner, Corporation waste collectors initiated in both NPs All Executive Officers 6 Composting of Initiated in GMC, to be Commissioner, Corporation organic wastes initiated in both NPs All Executive Officers 7 RDF (Refused To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation Derived Fuel) All Executive Officers 8 Identification of new To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation dump sites All Executive Officers 9 Reclamation of old To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation dump sites All Executive Officers 10 Linkage with To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation TSDF/CBMWTF All Executive Officers 11 Bio-Methanation To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation Plant All Executive Officers 12 Use of Sanitary To be initiated Commissioner, Corporation Landfill sites All Executive Officers 13 Domestic Hazardous Collection centre managed by Commissioner, Corporation Waste Collection Akanksha Waste All Executive Officers Centres Management Pvt Lt opened since 17-03-2017, google tagging initiated. 65 tons of waste collected and disposed on monthly basis.

For Rural locations There are 13 No. of Blocks which covers total 363 Gram Panchayats (GP) having total population of around 8,14,010 (as per census 2011). Solid & Liquid Waste Management (S&LWM) action plan is being formulated for all the 363 Gram Panchayats of the District.Initially Five Gram Panchayats per Block shall be selected for Zero waste Management and total 65 GPs shall be selected.

In the Rural Areas no need is being felt for collecting the wet waste as the wet waste of 15 thehouseholds is being fed to the cattle or is being thrown in the vermi-compost pit /cow Page District Environment Plan - Giridih dung pits, where the wet waste is converted into compost by the natural action. The Agriculture Department with ATMA and KVKs is promoting composting practice among the rural households.

Sl Actionable Areas Outcomes Responsibility 1 Solid & liquid waste To be initiated BDOs, SBM, Mukhiya management Plan 2 Promotion of Initiated BDOs, Mukhiya Composting and ATMA, KVK, NGOs waste recycle

Plastic Waste Management Plastic waste is a global concern. Plastic products have become an integral part of our daily life and a significant part of the daily waste. Once plastic is discarded after its utility is over, it is known as Plastic Waste. Presently the Municipal Corporation is collecting plastic waste through door to door collection at their own level. The plastic waste estimates are yet to be established. On annual basis the Corporation is recycling 480 tons of plastic wastes and channelizing 197 tons of plastic waste for use. 6 tons of inert or rejects are being sent to landfill sites.

In terms of Plastic Waste Management, the following action areas are planned for all ULBs in districtGiridih:

Sl Actional Areas Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Door to door collection To be introduced Commissioner, Corporation All Executive Officers 2 Prohibition of sale of carry Introduced in the Commissioner, Corporation bags less than 50 micron district vide All Executive Officers thickness notification no. 3900 dated 15-09-2017 by Govt of Jharkhand for complete ban on manufacture, import, collection, transportation, use & sale of plastic carry bags.

3 Ban on Single Use Plastic Introduced in all Commissioner, Corporation

Govt, Semi Govt and All Executive Officers

related offices and 16 institutions. Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

4 Using Recyclable Plastic in To be introduced Commissioner, Corporation Road Construction All Executive Officers 5 Using Plastic as alternative To be introduced - SPCB Jharkhand – RO, fuel in plants All fuel consuming DIC industries within a Commissioner, Corporation range of 100 km from All Executive Officers the solid waste refuse derived fuel plant shall make arrangements to replace at least 5% of their fuel requirement from refuse derive fuel. 6 Linkage with recyclers Initiated Commissioner, Corporation All Executive Officers 7 Authorization of Plastic Being introduced Commissioner, Corporation Waste Pickers All Executive Officers 8 Plastic Waste Collection To be introduced Commissioner, Corporation Centres All Executive Officers 9 Awareness and Being introduced Commissioner, Corporation Cleanliness drive with NGOs NGOs

Rural In Rural areas of Giridihdistrict, a planning process is being initiated at Panchayats to set up collection centers at village level from where this plastic will be transported to a centralized location. Collected plastic waste then will be used in road construction by mixing it with the bitumen or may be sentto Waste to Energy Plants where it can be used as a fuel.

Responsibility Framework of Plastic Waste Management (as per Rules)

Stakeholder Major Responsibilities (as per Rules) ULB Setting up and development of infrastructure for segregation, collection, storage, transportation, processing and disposal of the plastic waste by their own or outsourcing.

Operational management and coordination of waste management system to ensure seamless segregation, collection, storage, transportation, processing and disposal.

Ensuring that no damage is caused to the environment during this process. 17

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Channelization of recyclable plastic waste fraction to recyclers

Ensuring processing and disposal of non recyclable fraction of plastic waste in accordance with the guidelines issued by the CPCB.

Creating awareness among all stakeholders about their responsibilities.

Engaging CSOs and other groups working with waste pickers

Ensuring no open burning of plastic waste is taking place

The local body for setting up of system for plastic waste management shall seek assistance of producers and such system shall be set up within two year from the date of final publication of these rules in the Official Gazette of India; The local body to frame bye-laws incorporating the provisions of these rules. Panchayat Every gram panchayat either on its own or by engaging an agency shall set up, operationalise and co- ordinate for waste management in the rural area under their control and for performing the associated functions – ensuring segregation, collection, storage, transportation, plastic waste and channelization of recyclable plastic waste fraction to recyclers having valid registration; ensuring that no damage is caused to the environment during this process; creating awareness among all stakeholders about their responsibilities; and; ensuring that open burning of plastic waste does not take place Waste Take steps to minimize generation of plastic waste and segregate plastic Generators waste at source in accordance with the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 or as amended from time to time;

Not litter the plastic waste and ensure segregated storage of waste at source and handover segregated waste to urban local body or gram panchayat or agencies appointed by them or registered waste pickers, registered recyclers or waste collection agencies

All institutional generators of plastic waste, shall segregate and store the waste generated by them in accordance with the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 or amendment from time to time and handover segregated wastes to authorized waste processing or disposal facilities or deposition centers either on its own or through the authorized waste collection agency;

All waste generators shall pay such user fee or charge as may be

specified in the bye-laws of the local bodies for plastic waste

management such as waste collection or operation of the facility 18 thereof, etc.; and Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Every person responsible for organising an event in open space, which involves service of food stuff in plastic or multi-layered packaging shall segregate and manage the waste generated during such events in accordance with the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 or amendment from time to time.

All institutional generators of plastic waste, shall segregate and store the waste generated by them in accordance with the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 or amendment from time to time and handover segregated wastes to authorized waste processing or disposal facilities or deposition centers either on its own or through the authorized waste collection agency;

All waste generators shall pay such user fee or charge as may be specified in the bye-laws of the local bodies for plastic waste management such as waste collection or operation of the facility thereof, etc.; and

Every person responsible for organising an event in open space, which involves service of food stuff in plastic or multi-layered packaging shall segregate and manage the waste generated during such events in accordance with the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 or amendment from time to time. SPCB The State Pollution Control Board in respect of a Union territory shall be the authority for enforcement of the provisions of these rules relating to registration, manufacture of plastic products and multi-layered packaging, processing and disposal of plastic wastes;

The concerned Secretary-in-charge of LSG shall be the authority for enforcement of the provisions of these rules relating to waste management by waste generator, use of plastic carry bags, plastic sheets or like, covers made of plastic sheets and multi-layered packaging;

The concerned Gram Panchayat shall be the authority for enforcement of the provisions of these rules relating to waste management by the waste generator, use of plastic carry bags, plastic sheets or like, covers made of plastic sheets and multi-layered packaging in the rural area of the State or a Union Territory; and

The authorities referred to in sub-rules (1) to (3) shall take the assistance of the District Magistrate or the Deputy Commissioner within the territorial limits of the jurisdiction of the concerned district in the

enforcement of the provisions of these rules

Producers, The producers, within a period of one Year from the date of publication 19 Brand owners of these rules, shall work out modalities for waste collection system Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

based on Extended Producers Responsibility and involving State Urban Development Departments, either individually or collectively, through their own distribution channel or through the local body concerned;

Primary responsibility for collection of used multi-layered plastic sachet or pouches or packaging is of Producers, Importers and Brand Owners who introduce the products in the market. They need to establish a system for collecting back the plastic waste generated due to their products. This plan of collection to be submitted to the State Pollution Control Boards while applying for Consent to Establish or Operate or Renewal. The Brand Owners whose consent has been renewed before the notification of these rules shall submit such plan within one year from the date of notification of these rules and implement with two years thereafter;

Manufacture and use of multi-layered plastic which is non-recyclable or non- energy recoverable or with no alternate use of plastic if any should be phased out in Two years’ time;

The producer, within a period of three months from the date of final publication of these rules in the Official Gazette shall apply to the Pollution Control Board or the Pollution Control Committee, as the case may be, of the States or the Union Territories administration concerned, for grant of registration;

No producer shall on and after the expiry of a period of Six Months from the date of final publication of these rules in the Official Gazette manufacture or use any plastic or multi-layered packaging for packaging of commodities without registration from the concerned State Pollution Control Board; and

Every producer shall maintain a record of details of the person engaged in supply of plastic used as raw material to manufacture carry bags or plastic sheet or like or cover made of plastic sheet or multi-layered packaging. Retailers & Retailers or street vendors shall not sell or provide commodities to Street Vendors consumer in carry bags or plastic sheet or multi-layered packaging, which are not manufactured and labelled or marked, as per prescribed under these rules;

Every retailers or street vendors selling or providing commodities in, plastic carry bags or multi- layered packaging or plastic sheets or like or covers made of plastic sheets which are not manufactured or labelled or marked in accordance with these rules shall be liable to pay such fines

as specified under the bye-laws of the local bodies

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Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Management

It consists of unwanted material produced directly or incidentally by the construction, and has a significant waste load near construction and demolition sites such as roads, building constructions, bridges, fly overs, subway, renovation works etc. The C&D wastes mostly constitutes of inert and non-biodegradable materials like concrete, plaster, metal, plastics, wood etc. and sometimes may contain hazardous waste as well.

The C&D wastes are usually heavy materials with high density and occupies a significant storage space on roads, waste bins and containers. A quick estimate indicates 12 to 20% of the total municipal wastes is C&D waste; half of this waste needs disposal in absence of recycling process. The road deposits of such waste often lead to traffic congestion as well creating traffic jam and pollution arising out of it. Many times it is also leading to chocking of sewage and drainage systems thus creating problem of water logging as well.

Planned Strategies The district plan envisages to manage C&D waste through following approaches -

Storage at site / notified places

Collection & C&D Waste Transportation Disposal Managment at notified charges

Recycle and Reuse facility

Figure 5 - C&D waste management strategy

Within the urban locations a careful mapping should be necessary for effective use of the

construction and demolition wastes. The low lands should be mapped and tagged with the disposal and dumping plans under supervision and approval of the appropriate authorities. This will add up to the ULB revenue with charges of handling, transportation and landfills 21 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih from concerned users. This can be further streamlined by introducing pre-intimation by waste generators to concerned authorities and obtaining prior approval for the same and introducing fines in case of violations.

The emerging urban locations have high concentration of such works with new housing and infrastructure development and needs a focussed control to manage C&D wates through following manner-

Sl Action Areas Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Issuance of permission by ULBs Being introduced Commissioner, Corporation All Executive Officers 2 C&D Deposition points To be introduced Commissioner, Corporation All Executive Officers Social enterprise/ start up ventures 3 Notification of C&D waste site Process initiated Commissioner, Corporation and framing byelaws All Executive Officers 4 Notifying User Charges To be introduced Commissioner, Corporation All Executive Officers

Rural Plan In rural areas C&D waste is being managed at village level itself. C&D waste generated is generally used for levelling low lying areas in the village.

Bio-medical waste

There are 134 bedded hospitals, 180 non bedded hospitals, 16 clinics 21 path labs, 9 dental clinics and one blood bank apart from veterinary hospitals at district and block level. All these facilities are generating bio-medical waste on daily basis which needs a very careful disposal to ensure proper sanitation and human health safety. Presently there is need to establish the data base available on CBMWTFs capacity, linkages, standard compliances and captive disposal facilities of HCFs. The estimates indicate CBMWTFs are lifting around 50 kg of bio medical waste on daily basis.

The guidelines for biomedical waste management set following standards –  The biomedical waste not to be mixed with municipal solid wastes or disposed with along them,

 The biomedical waste must be disposed within 48 hours of waste generation  These waste must be disposed through CBWTF 22  CBWTF needs to collect bio-medical waste from the HCF with GPS enabled vehicles Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

 QR code is mandatory in disposal of biomedical wastes  Hospitals with more than 10 beds must instal ETP/STP

Sl Action Areas Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Linkage with CBMWIFs To be initiated Hospital Management

2 Compliance of Standards Under review and Health Authority compliance HCF

3 Barcode tracking by HCFs To be initiated Health Authority HCF

4 District Level Awareness To be initiated Health Authority Campaign CSOs

5 Daily carriage of BMW 50 kg BMW being Health Authority lifted through HCF CBMWTF CBMWTF

6 Preparation of inventory of To be initiated Health Authority biomedical waste generation HCF

7 Collection, segregation and SOP for appropriate Health Authority treatment of BMW colour coded bins, pit HCF standards, disinfection and disposal process to be developed and strictly followed

8 Authorization of HCF Each HCF will be SPCB, Jharkhand required to obtain Civil Surgeon authorization from Executive Officers of ULB SPCB Jharkhand under the Bio Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 and registered online.

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E – waste Management

The electronic waste are discarded electrical or electronic devices like computers, laptops, telephone, mobile phones, television, LED bulbs, refrigerator, washing machines, air conditioners, fluorescent lamps and mercury containing lamps etc. All used electronic equipment to refurbish, reuse, resale, recycle through material recovery or disposal are also considered as e-waste.

Presently the electronic waste management practice is at very early stage in the district and largely managed by informal trades, dismantling and recycle of e-wastes through private traders.

Sl Action Areas Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Toll Free No. for deposition of To be notified District Administration E-Waste EO of ULBs

2 Collection Centres To be initiated EO of ULBs

3 Authorized E-waste Recyclers Listing to be initiated SPCB EO of ULBs

4 District Level Awareness Campaign plan District Administration Campaign initiated ULBs, CSOs

Industrial Pollution Control GiridihDistrict is known for its TMT bars, mini steel plants and coal based industries, many of which are producing hazardous wastes and there is need to introduce stricter compliance of standards.

Major Small scale industries are located in Mohanpur area on road which has grown as the industrial area hub over past four decades.

The plan focus in generating wastewater with Effluent Treatment Plant for industrial use and the emission sources are provided checked with APC measures with stacks to control the direct emission into the atmosphere. 24 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Hazardous Waste

The hazardous waste are residues with properties that makes it dangerous and /or potentially harmful to the human health and environment. This includes any susbstance excluding domestic and radioactive wastes, which because of its quantity and/or corrosive, reactive, inflammable, toxic and infectious risks cause significant hazard to human health or environment when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed.

1.0 Waste Management Plan (v) Hazardous Waste Management Please enter Details of Data Measurable Measurable No. Action Areas Requirement Outcome Outcome for District HW1 Inventory of Hazardous Waste

No of HW Generating HW1a 22 Industry HW1b Quantity of HW 69.581MT/Annum Quantity of HW1c Nil Incinierable HW Quantity of land- HW1d 0.942 MT/Annum fillable HW Quantity of Recyclable HW1e 68.639 MT/Annum / utilizable HW HW2 Contaminated Sites and illegal industrial hazardous waste dumpsites HW2a No of HW dumpsites None Probable HW2c Nil Contaminated Sites

HW3 Authorization by SPCBs/PCCs

No of industries HW3a 22 authorized Display Board of HW HW3b Generation in front of 10 Gate HW3 Availability of Common Hazardous Waste TSDF HW3a Common TSDF None Industries linkage with HW3b TSDF

HW4 Linkage of ULBs in District with Common TSDF 25 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

ULBs linked to Common TSDFs for HW4a Nil Domestic Hazardous Waste

4.0 Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

Please enter Details of Data Measurable Measurable No. Action Areas Requirement Outcome Outcome for District

IWW1 Inventory of industrial wastewater Generation in District

No of Industries IWW1a discharging 5 nos. wastewater Total Quantity of IWW1b industrial wastewater 22074.88 KLD generated Quantity of treated IWW1c IWW discharged into 7687.6 KLD Nalas / Rivers Quantity of un-treated or partially treated IWW1d NA IWW discharged into lakes Prominent Type of Coal Mines - 2 IWW1e Industries Rice Mill - 3 Common Effluent IWW1f No CETPs Treatment Facilities IWW2 Status of compliance by Industries in treating wastewater No of Industries IWW2a 5 meeting Standards No of Industries not IWW2b meeting discharge Nil Standards No of complaints received or number of recurring complaints IWW2c Nil against industrial pollution in last 3 months

AWW4 Status of Action taken for not meeting discharge standards 26 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

No industries closed for exceeding IWW4a Nil standards in last 3 months No of industries where Environmental IWW4b Nil Compensation was imposed By SPCBs

As per SPCB data there are total 22 industries identified and authorized as generating hazardous wastes. 10 of these units are displaying board of hazardous waste generation in front of gate. Total 69.58 MT hazardous waste is generated on annual basis out of which 0.94 MT are land fillable and 68.64 MT hazardous waste are recyclable.

Sl Actional Areas Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Authorization of hazardous Initiated – 22 units are SPCB, DIC waste generating units by SPCB registered Factory Inspector 2 Industries linked with TSDF Nil SPCB, DIC (Treatment Storage and Factory Inspector Disposal Facility) 3 Illegal Transport and Dumping of To be initiated SPCB, HW – notification and District Administration – monitoring committee formation Nodal Officer to monitor and control 4 Display of hazardous waste 11 units complying SPCB, DIC generation in front of gates of rest to be followed Monitoring Committee industries generating hazardous Authorized Industries wastes (HW3) 5 Implementation and monitoring No. of ETPs required SPCB of treatment system for liquid and provided in effluent Industries – category- ULBs/PRIs wise Industries No. of STPs required and provided in the Monitoring Committee local bodies

Functional status of ETP/STPs

Monitoring of treated

effluent qualities of 27 ETPs/STPs Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Sewerage Treatment Plan

At present, GMC has storm water drains in 74.00 km out of the total road lengthwhich covers 47per cent of the Giridih town. The drains have been constructed according to the natural slopes and form the natural drainage system of the town. Capacity of drains is about 6.44 MLD and is not sufficient. Since, GMC does not have any sewerage system; effluents from septic tanks are discharged into the river. Most of the drains are open and has narrow width and disposal of solid waste results clogging and silting of the drains. Due to this, water logging and flooding are generally observed during peak rainy season in low-lying areas of the town towards Usri and Kako river. Total demands of drainage by the year 2021 is 124 km and the present 34 km are being well connected.

Sl Action Plan Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Collection and All the municipalities Commissioner Corporation treatment of sewage and Town Panchayat shall All Eos cover their entire BDOs jurisdiction area. SBM

Sewage received in STP shall be treated to the Discharge standards. 2 Periodic Monitoring of Periodic Monitoring Commissioner Corporation treated sewage from reports with parameters All Eos STP for analysis pH, BOD, TSS, BDOs TDS, COD, Total Nitrogen, SBM Fecal Coliform 3 Utilization of treated Industries located near Commissioner Corporation sewage common STP shall make All Eos MoU with the STP BDOs operator to utilize sewage SBM for their industrial Industries requirement use after Farmer organizations proper tertiary treatment.

Treated sewage from the common STPs shall be utilized for industrial use, agriculture, ground water recharge and other non domestic use.

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Phytoremediation

Some of the plant species are highly useful in treatment of Industrial waste water and helpful in getting rid of biotic and abiotic pollutants. These plants can absorb these pollutants from soil and water. On the basis of various research papers following plant identified species have been recommended to limit industrial waste through phytoremediation –

Sl Plant Botanical Name Remarks 1 Mulberry Morus alba Absorbs Zn, Hg, As, Pb, Cu and Cd from Industrial water 2 Sheesham Dalbergia sisso Absorbs nutrients from sludge 3 Castor Ricinus communis Uptake of CD & DDT from soil 4 Duckweed Cemma minor Absorbs Cr and Pb from water 5 Indian Mustard Brassica tunecia Absorbs zinc from soil 6 Poplar Polulas Alba To absorb pollutant from air 7 Accacia Cedo acacia To absorb the pollutants from air

Except a few industries algal technology is an intervention at a proper stage to improve the efficiency by avoiding chemicals and reduction in energy input and cost of operation. Biochemical parameters of the water that are generally improved through the phycoremediation technology are:

1. pH correction.

2. Colour and odour removal.

3. Sludge reduction.

4. BOD and COD reduction.

5. Nutrient removal including ammonia.

6. Better management of R/O rejects.

7. Reduction of operation costs (90%).

8. Flue gas/carbon mitigation 29 Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

Conservation of Water bodies

The Hon‟ble NGT (PB) in its order directed the States to review the existing framework of restoration of all the water bodies by preparing an appropriate action plan as per the guidelines prescribed the CPCB. Such action plans shall be prepared within three months and furnished to the CPCB which in turn will examine all such plans and furnish its comments to the Hon‟ble NGT (PB), New Delhi within two months thereafter. The Chief Secretaries of all the States/UTs in the course of undertaking monitoring exercise in pursuance of the order of this Tribunal in O.A. No. 606/2018, Compliance of MSW Rules, 2016 may also include restoration of water bodies as one of the items.

The CPCB has framed “Indicative Guidelines for Restoration of Water Bodies”. In the CPCB guidelineits has specified that, the action plan shall be prepared considering the five phases viz., i) Recognition Phase, ii) Restoration Phase, iii) Protection Phase, iv) Improvement Phase and v) Sustenance Phase.

There is a need to sync the departments governing / maintaining the water bodies to prepare an action plan indicating the number of water bodies available, number of water bodies already restored, number of water bodies which are already in good condition and water bodies those don’t require any intervention at this stage and number of water bodies which require to be restored, the concerned departments were also asked to incorporate the action plan to complete the process of restoration of water bodies within a period of next two years. Such plans should be submitted tothe Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department. It is also suggested that departments can alsoexplore the possibilities of mobilizing Public participation, CSR funds from reputed companies, NGO‟s in addition to their routine departmental schemes to complete restoration work as per the action plan.

On the basis of the waste assessments all stakeholders shall prepare their action plan for water bodies including water ways and submit the plan.

Conservation strategy In view of the increasing thrust on development of ground water resources, there is urgent need to augment the depleting ground water resources. This gets augmented through natural recharge and can be augmented in an increased scale through artificial recharge. From hydrogeological point of view, rain water conservation is needed to arrest decline in ground water levels and to improve ground water quality by dilution. The construction of water conservation structures and artificial recharge structures depends on the topographic features, hydrological and hydrogeological conditions of the area. The artificial recharge

through roof top rain water harvesting practice may be implemented in Giridih urban area 30 to arrest decline in ground water level. About 72.73% of the wells showing declining trend Page District Environment Plan - Giridih for pre monsoon period, 81.82% wells showing declining trend for post monsoon period and 73.33% wells showing declining trend for all the period.Thus, all the blocks required for artificial recharge through check dam, percolation tank, nala bandhara, gabion structures and contour bunding and trenching. Water level depends upon the storage of ground water development and variation in rainfall over a long period. Central Ground Water Board has established eleven numbers of National Hyrdograph Stations (NHS) for the study of water level behavior in the district. The water level data of each station has been analyzed. The pre monsoon and post monsoon long term water level trend has been calculated for the period of 2003 – 2012(Table 4). The

Figure 6- Pre & Post Monsoon Ground Water map of Giridih District long term water level trend is showing rising trend between 0.002– 0.197, 0.050 – 0.210 and 0.013 – 0.196 m/ year for pre monsoon, post monsoon and all period respectively. Similarly, the long term water level trend is showing declining trend between 0.016 – 0.431, 0.038 – 0.533 and 0.099 – 0.385 m/ year for pre monsoon, post monsoon and all period respectively. The CGWB study indicates increasing water crisis as72.73% of the wells showing declining trend for pre monsoon period, 81.82% wells showing declining trend for post monsoon period and 73.33% wells showing declining trend for all the period.

Artificial recharge practice is required in all the blocks of the district because the long term 31 water level trend of NHS of CGWB is showing declining trend specially for all period. In order Page District Environment Plan - Giridih to conserve run – off water during monsoon, it is suggested to construct the water conservation structures at suitable places to facilitate the ground water recharge around the water scarcity villages through check dam, percolation tank, nala bandhara, gabion structures and contour bunding and trenching.

Rainwater harvesting Giridih district has taken up rainwater harvesting to maintain the surface water and improve the ground water levels for sustainable use and conservation. In 343 gram panchayats 64% of the rainwater harvesting structures have been taken up against a target of 1720 structures. The district MIS is tracking the status on daily basis.

To facilitate subsurface water recharge 7326 dobha and farm ponds have been taken up in this year.

Under NilambarPitambar Jal Sammridihiyojna 25 nala rejuvenation plans are being taken up in upper reaches and 194 nala rejuvenation plans are taken up in lower reaches. Soil water conservation activities are further backed up with 68800 Trench-Cum-Bunds and 1116 field bunds. Block-wise status of these actions are shown below

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Water Quality As per the result of chemical analysis of water samples collected from NHS, the nitrate concentration is found more than permissible limits in shallow aquifer in villages Dhanwar, Jamua, Duri and Bandhutanr. Similarly, the chloride concentration is found in village Jamua. The long term water level trend of NHS is showing declining trend in 72.73% wells for pre monsoon period and 81.82% wells for post monsoon period. Similarly, the long term water level trend of NHS is showing declining trend in 73.33% well for all period.

The Action plan for Restoration of Water Bodies in the district needs to be finalized and updated with a timely phased manner over next three years on rolling basis.

Sl Action Plan Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Collection of Initiated DRDA Historical, Geologist geographical and ULBs and PRIs geological data of all Dept of fisheries the water bodies in the district 2 Collection of catchment and lead Executive Engineer PWD, channel encroachment PHED data, pollution data, ULB and PRIs sewage disposal

contamination data, 33 industrial effluent Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

disposal data, waste contamination data for all water bodies. 3 Digital Mapping of all To be initiated NIC collected information 4 Development of water To be initiated DRDA body conservation and ULB/PRIs pollution prevention plans 5 Dovetailing MGNREGA Introduced with DRDA for micro-climate and significant progress and JSLPS , CSOs livelihood generation impact 6 Removal of To be initiated District Administration encroachments and DRDA blockades to water BDOs bodies 7 Promoting community Initiated DRDA ownership in JSLPS, CSOs management of waterbodies through awareness, training and collectivization

Water Quality Management Plan

Central Pollution Control Board in association with State Pollution Control Boards monitors the water quality of major Rivers and Lakes under the Global Environmental Monitoring System (GEMS) and Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Resources System (MINARS) programme. District administration plans to monitor the Polluted River Stretches based on the Bio- Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values in Usri river at different points adjacent to industry and urban settlements. .

Hon‟ble NGT (PB) has directed all the States and Union Territories to prepare action plans within 31.01.2019 for bringing all the polluted river stretches to be fit atleast for bathing purposes (i.e., BOD < 3mg/l & FC < 500 MPN/100ml) within six months from the date of finalisation of the action plans.

Sl Actional Areas Outcomes Responsible

Stakeholders

Inventory of water resources 34 in district (WQ1) Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

1 Regular sampling of all the SPCB monitoring the data SPCB river water bodies and their needs to be added to the tributaries on monthly basis district website 2 Regular sampling of hand Training of Jal Sahiya on pumps/bore wells on water quality field tests half yearly basis initiated 3 installation of Continuous To be planned Water Quality Station 4 District Level Awareness Initiated under sanitation Campaign drives and world water week 5 Permission for Bore Wells Initiated have been brought under control of PHE 6 Monitoring cell for UG water To be initiated PHED & Quality Assessment SBM 7 Rooftop Water Harvesting in To be initiated with pilot ULBs Govt. Buildings of 5 units in each ULB 8 Industrial wastewater 5 Industries are presently SPCB treatment notifications and discharging waste water monitoring around 22.07 kl per day, one third of which is discharged to nala/rivers after treatment.

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Air Quality Management Plan Over the period of two decades the air quality has deteriorated in Giridih district.

In Giridih district major source of air pollution are: 1. Industrial area pollution surrounding the township mostly from steel, coal based industries 2. Vehicular Emissions 3. Stone Mining and Crushing 4. Uncovered vehicles transporting coal, sand etc. 5. Burning of solid municipal waste

Considering above the responsibility matrix is as follows: Sl Action Plan Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Install Continuous Ambient Air To be initiated DFO Quality Monitoring Station SPCB Jharkhand (CAAQMS) and maintain a record of its readings 2 Periodical check on air pollution SPCB monitoring the SPCB levels in industrial area status – data to be synced with district portal 3 Carry surprise checking In progress DTO operations to check vehicles which are non compliant according to prevalent vehicular emission rules or are overloaded (Overload vehicle emits more smoke)

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Mining Activity Management Plan

6.0 Mining Activity Management plan Please enter Details of Data Measurable No. Action Areas Measurable Requirement Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of Mining in District MI1a

River side Sand Mining] / [Iron Ore] / Sand, Stone, Coal, [Bauxite] / [Coal] Mica, Quartz, /[Quarries] /Other Feldspar, Quartzite & Type of Mining MI1a [specify] Earth Mining Activity Multiple selection in order of magnitude of operations Sand Mining - 6 Stone Mining - 80 Coal Mining - 01 No of Mining licenses MI1b Nos. Mica, Feldspar & given in the District Quartz Mining - 04 Quartzite & Earth Mining - 01 Area covered under MI1c Sq km 2.140 Sq KM mining MI1d Area of District Sand Mining - 06 MI1e Sand Mining Area - 0.414 Sq KM [River bed] / [Estuary] MI1f Area of sand Mining / [Non -river deposit]

MI2 Compliance to Environmental Conditions

No of Mining areas meeting MI2a Nos. 52 Environmental Clearance Conditions No of Mining areas meeting Consent MI2b Nos. CTO – 52 Conditions of SPCBs / PCCs Mining related MI3a environmental 37 Complaints Page District Environment Plan - Giridih

No of pollution related complaints MI3b against Mining NA Related to JSPCB Operations in last 1 year

MI4 Action against non-complying mining activity

No of Mining operations suspended for MI4a NA Related to JSPCB violations to environmental norms No od directions MI4b NA Related to JSPCB issued by SPCBs

Preventing Illegal Sand Mining

The Hon‟ble National Green Tribunal (PB), New Delhi in order dated 8.4.2019 in O.A. No. 673 of 2018 has mentioned in Para 15 (ix) that „The Task force will also ensure that no illegal mining takes place in river beds of such polluted stretches’.

Sl Action Plan Outcomes Responsible Stakeholders 1 Updating the District To be initiated Geologist Survey Report (DSR) on minor minerals 2 Identification of river Task force to be set up DFO stretches under risk of Geologist illegal sand mining BDOs PRIs/ULBs PHED 3 Surprise checks in To be initiated Task Force these river stretches PRIs/ULBs Police 4 Complete ban on sand Regularly monitored – SP mining during community engagement DMO monsoon needs to encouraged Task Force 5 District level task force In process District Administration meetings to control

illegal sand mining

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Noise Pollution Management Plan

Noise can be defined as unwanted or undesired sound and Noise pollution simply means when there is a lot of noise in the environment which is consequentially arming the environment. Like smoking, noise pollution affects active and passive recipients when noise levels cross certain safe boundaries. Noise pollution affects both human health and behaviour. Noise pollution also impects the health and well-being of wildlife.

Most activates that cause pollution are essential to meet the needs of the growing population and development. Therefore preventive measures to minimize pollutants are more practical then their elimination.

Action Plan / Mitigating measures for noise pollution management

Sl Action Areas Outcome Responsible Stakeholders 1 Ban on pressure horns Introduced Transport / Police 2 Formation of silent zones Silent zones near Industry/ JSPCB court and hospital are observed 3 Sound absorbers in Industries To be regularly JSPCB monitored and Factory Inspector updated 4 Implementation of Bylaws In place – District Administration streamlining Transport Police 5 Formation of Green Belt 2 km stretch Public Works/ already taken up Forest/Industries-CSR under CSR in Bus stand road

0.5 km stretch to be encouraged along industrial units with CSR support. 6 Proper Maintenance and Regular Transport Department / service of Vehicular engines monitoring in Police place

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