SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE KODERMA -JAMUABYPASS ROAD IN THE DISTRICT KODERMA

SUBMITTED TO DISTRICT COLLECTOR KODERMA

SUPPORT HAZARIBAG SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA BYPASS ROAD

Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES ...... 5 LIST OF TABLES ...... 5 LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS ...... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7 1. PROJECT LOCATION AND PUBLIC PURPOSE ...... 7 2. SIZE AND ATTRIBUTION OF LAND ACQUISITION ...... 8 3. ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED ...... 8 4. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 9 5. Nature, Present Use and Classification of Land ...... 9 6. Structures on the Land Proposed to be acquired ...... 9 7. Directly Affected ...... 10 8. Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Dwellers ...... 10 9. Depended on the Land being acquired as Primary Source of Livelihood ...... 10 10. Impact on Land, Livelihoods and Income ...... 10 11. Impact on Physical Resources ...... 10 12. MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 11 13. ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL COST AND BENEFITS ...... 11 DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 12 1. Background of the Project ...... 12 2. Rational for the project ...... 12 3. Approvals and Clearances Obtained ...... 13 4. Examination of the alternatives ...... 14 5. Phases of project construction ...... 14 6. Need for ancillary infrastructural facilities ...... 14 7. Work force requirements ...... 14 8. Details of SIA if already conducted and any technical feasibility report ...... 14 9. Applicable legislations and policies ...... 14 TEAM COMPOSITION, BYPASS, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE FOR SIA ...... 15 1. List of team member with qualification ...... 15 2. METHODOLOGY ...... 16 2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF FAMILY LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED ...... 16 2.2 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE ...... 17 2.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY (SES) ...... 17 2.4 FOLLOW UP SURVEY ...... 18

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2.5 FIELD SURVEY ...... 19 2.6 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ...... 19 2.7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 19 2.8 Tools Used to Collect Information for SIA ...... 20 2.9 Sampling Methodology Used ...... 20 2.10 Overview of Information/Data Sources Used ...... 20 2.11 Schedule of Consultations with Key Stakeholders ...... 21 2.12 Brief Description of Public Hearing Conducted ...... 21 LAND ASSESSMENT ...... 23 ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION OF AFFECTED FAMILIES AND ASSETS ...... 27 1. Directly Affected (own land proposed to be acquired) ...... 27 2. Tenants/Occupy the Land Proposed to be acquired ...... 27 3. Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Dwellers ...... 27 4. Dependent on Common Property Resources which will be affected due to Acquisition of Land for their Livelihood ...... 27 5. Have been Residing on any Land in the Urban Areas for Preceding 3 Years or More Prior to the Acquisition of the Land ...... 27 6. Depended on the Land being acquired as a Primary Source of Livelihood for 3 Years Prior to the Acquisition ...... 27 7. Indirectly Impacted by the Project ...... 28 SOCIO ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PROFILE ...... 29 SOCIAL IMPACTS ...... 49 1. Framework and approach to identify impacts ...... 49 2. Description of Impacts at Various Stages of the Project Cycle...... 49 (a) Pre-Construction Phase ...... 49 (b) Construction Phase ...... 49 (c) Operation Phase ...... 50 (d) De-commissioning Phase ...... 50 3 Social Impacts to Different Sections of the Society ...... 50 (a) Impact on Land, Livelihoods and Income ...... 50 (b) Employment Patterns & Income Levels ...... 50 (c) Food Security ...... 51 (d) Standard of Living ...... 51 (e) Access and Control over Productive Resources ...... 51 (f) Economic Dependency or Vulnerability ...... 51 (g) Disruption of Local Economy ...... 51 (h) Impoverishment Risks ...... 51

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD (i) Women’s Access to Livelihood Alternatives...... 52 4 Impact on Physical Resources...... 52 a) Impacts on Natural Resources, Soil, Air, Water, Forests ...... 52 b) Pressures on Land & Common Property Natural Resources for Livelihoods .... 52 5 Impacts on Private Assets, Public Services and Utilities ...... 52 a) Capacity of Existing Health and Educational Facilities ...... 52 b) Capacity of Housing Facilities ...... 52 c) Pressure on Supply of Local Services ...... 52 d) Adequacy of Electrical & Water Supply, Roads, Sanitation & Waste Management System ...... 52 e) Impact on Private Assets Such as Bore Well, Temporary Sheds, etc...... 53 6 Health Impacts ...... 53 a) Health Impacts Due to In-Migration ...... 53 b) Health Impacts Due to Project Activities with Special Emphasis on – Impact on Women’s Health and Impact on the Elderly ...... 53 7 Impacts on Culture, Social Cohesion and Gender based Impacts ...... 53 a) Transformation of Local Political Structures ...... 53 b) Demographic Changes ...... 53 c) Shifts in the Economy-Ecology Balance ...... 53 d) Impacts on the Norms, Beliefs, Values and Cultural Life ...... 53 e) Crime and Illicit Activities ...... 53 f) Stress of Dislocation ...... 54 g) Impact of Separation of Family Cohesion ...... 54 h) Violence against Women ...... 54 ANALYSIS OF COST AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON ACQUISITION ...... 55 1. Compensation Summary ...... 55 2. Final Conclusion & Recommendation on Acquisition ...... 55 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 56 1. Introduction: ...... 56 2. Measures to avoid, mitigate and compensate impact: ...... 56 3. Resettlement Measures: ...... 56 4. Bypass to mitigation of social impacts: ...... 56 5. Income restoration activity training: ...... 57 6. Placement linked training: ...... 58 7. Integration of Government schemes: ...... 58 8. Environmental Measures: ...... 58 9. Relocation of Community Properties: ...... 58

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD ANNEXURE-1 ...... 59 ANNEXURE-2 ...... 64 ANNEXURE - 3 ...... 69

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Type of land proposed to be acquire. Figure 2: Landholding details of the project affected families Figure3: District map of Kpderma Figure 4: Land use pattern of Koderma Block Figure 5: Land use pattern of Block Figure 6: Type and area of land proposed to be acquire in the project area

LIST OF TABLES TABLE 5.1: Demographic Profile of the project region TABLE 5.2: Comparative Analysis of occupational status of the project region Table 5.3: Demographic profile of the project affected villages TABLE 5.4: Age wise distribution of population in project affected households. Table 5.5: Sex wise distribution of population in project affected households. Table 5.6: Caste wise distribution of population in project affected households. Table 5.7: Religion Wise Distribution of Population in affected Households Table 5.8: Educational Status of the Adult Population of the surveyed Households Table 5.9: Educational Status of the Child Population of the surveyed Households Table 5.10: Medical facilities available in the project affected villages Table 5.11: Income Level of the surveyed Households Table 5.12: No of Children in surveyed Households Table 5.13: No of Elderly person in surveyed Households Table 5.14: No of Men headed and women headed households in surveyed Households Table 5.15: No of livestock in the surveyed household Table 5.16: Status of employment of the surveyed households TABLE 5.17: Transportation facilities available in the project village TABLE 5.18: Educational facilities available in the project affected village TABLE 5.19: Medical facilities available in the project affected village

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION

A/C : Account AG : Agricultural AH : Animal Husbandry BPL : Below Poverty Line CD : Community Development CPR : Common Property Resource CS : Census Survey CBOs : Community Based Organisations DW : Drinking Water GoJh : Government of GP : Gram Panchyat ICDS : Integrated Child Development Service SUPPORT : Society for Upliftment of People with People's Organisation & Rural Technology IP : Irrigation Pump NFS : Non Farming Sector NGO : Non-Governmental Organization NH : National Highway SC : Scheduled Cast SES : Socio-Economic Survey SHG : Self Help Group SIA : Socio-Economic Impact Assessment SSI : Small Scale Industries

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. PROJECT LOCATION AND PUBLIC PURPOSE

Department of Land Acquisition, District Koderma, Government of Jharkhand is planning to construction of bypass road in Koderma and Domchanch Block of District Koderma. For the purpose, 39.2025 Acre of land would be required. The proposed land includes private (agricultural, non-agricultural including homestead land) as well as the government land. The acquisition of agricultural, homestead and non-agricultural land may lead to socio-economic changes in the project area. Accordingly, to assess the changes, socio-economic survey in selected 19 villages of Koderma and Domchanch Block under for the proposed bypass road was undertaken.

The project will entail a multitude of benefits for the people of the selected villages and the local people of the surrounding areas. The project will have following benefits for the people: 1. Time Saving 2. Alternative way of transportation 3. Employment opportunities during the construction, operation, post construction and maintenance period of project

At the same time people also opined that certain initiative will make the project better and some people do have reservations on the land acquired due to loss of business and loss of houses. This has been case especially in the Domchanach main market. Some of the suggestion that people have are- 1. Construction of rumblers and speed breakers across the road at various places especially where the road enters the habitation and markets and near the public utility buildings 2. Construction of drains have sent a positive massage among the people 3. Loss of shops and houses will lead to loss of employment and hence alternatives should be considered before acquiring land and demolishing the constructions

The scope of the present study was to obtain the necessary details of families likely to be affected (land owner / absentee land lord, agricultural labour / other dependent on the land proposed to be acquired) such as total land, land to be acquired by the project, land left, production from the land, loss of income due to land loss or loss of indirect income, movable and immovable assets, etc. For this, we require to carry out an in-depth Socio- Economic Survey (SES) of the families likely to be affected. On the basis of the interpretation and analysis of the data and information collected through individual/family/village profiles, the study will not only provide an insight into the social and economic condition of the people likely to be affected by the proposed project and

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD its impact on them, but will also help in the preparation of an appropriate mitigation measures along with various community development activities, which will lead to mitigate negative impacts and will lead to positive development through new avenues for income enhancement through different economic activities like shops and services.

2. SIZE AND ATTRIBUTION OF LAND ACQUISITION

The approved length of the bypass road is about 3 kilo metre. The identified stretch of land is adjacent and the total land proposed to be acquired for the bypass road is 39.2025 acres. There is not any Forest Land proposed to be acquired for the proposed project. Only two such incident has been found where the homestead land is need to be acquire and that is only 0.99 acre. Rest of the land proposed to be acquired is agricultural land and road. No water body proposed to be acquired in the entire process. The detail of land proposed to be acquired is presented in Annexure-1.

3. ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED

Considering the current difficulties associated with land acquisition, mostly due to the scarcity of the land factor that increases the pressure on this resource, there is a strong need to find alternatives ways where the requirement will be minimum and losses will be also minimum to the community and natural resources. Moreover, it is possible to consider processes that encourage populations to become actors of development projects and thus, release the pressure on land ownership and pacify related disputes.

In this particular case of the land acquisition for the construction of bypass road at the selected villages bare minimum land is required. The road will pass through green field as well as acquire some homestead land. The selected land for this particular purpose has been identified after a lot of discussion with the experts and after taking into account many factors including minimal acquisition of land, contiguity of land area required etc. It was found that, no other route for the proposed bypass road was feasible wherein lesser or alternative acquisition of land could be proposed.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 4. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is helpful to identify and measure the magnitude of the social impacts or potential social impacts of the project and to identify options for mitigation. In the process of SIA both positive and negative impact of the proposed project has been considered.

The prime negative impact of the project has been assessed and identified. For the proposed bypass road construction, approximately 39.2025 Acre of land would be required and proposed to be acquired from the selected 19 village. Therefore the impact of land acquisition at village level might not be significant as it might not change the entire land use pattern at village level. The positive impacts of any infrastructural project are long-term and applicable to both affected and non-affected population. Positive impacts are the visible indicators of economic development. The positive impacts are visible from the infrastructural development itself and different income generating activities during the project period and after the completion of the project.

5. Nature, Present Use and Classification of Land

Land is the basic resource. A comprehensive estimation of land use and potentials of the fallow and wastelands is imperative for policy planning in rural development, environmental protection, wasteland development, agriculture, pisciculture etc. at village level. For the proposed bypass road, approximately 39.2025 acres of land would be required from the selected 19 villages. The analysis of land proposed to be acquired from the selected village reveals that out of total area of land of the selected villages, only 0.34% land will be acquired. Total geographical area of the selected villages is 11,459.375 acre. The land proposed to be acquired for the bypass road is being used by the project affected families for cultivation as well as residence. The homestead land within the project area identified that the people are staying there for years. The irrigation facilities are not available in the village especially for the land that has been proposed to be acquired.

6. Structures on the Land Proposed to be acquired There are no sites of archaeological importance or sacred groves within the project area which are getting totally or partially affected and for which the project authorities need to relocate in alternative site. There are only five number of household that need to be relocate from the land selected for acquisition. Identification of alternative site for the construction of new house will be done by the project authority or they can construct in other place where their own land is available. The authority will compensate for the construction of new house.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 7. Directly Affected The project will impact directly to 461 numbers of families in the selected project site. Impact of the project on the households affected due to the project is very insignificant. In the project area two such families found who are losing their homestead land and they have other homestead as well as agriculture land in the village. These population is mainly dependable on labour work and some of them sharecropper.

8. Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Out of the total 461 number of households who are directly affected due to the construction of the project, there are sixteen number of households are from Schedule Tribe community and 87 number of households are from Schedule Caste community. Rather than that, there are 198 number of family belongs to Other Backword Caste. Rest of the family (199) are from the general caste community with in the project area who will directly affect due to the land acquisition. The acquisition will not commence in any forest area.

9. Depended on the Land being acquired as Primary Source of Livelihood None of the family that is losing land due to proposed acquisition for the bypass road is depended on the proposed land as a primary source of livelihood. Although, the affected families are cultivating on the land proposed to be acquired. All the families with in the project area do have another agriculture land except the proposed land to be acquired.

10. Impact on Land, Livelihoods and Income Due to acquisition of agricultural land for the proposed project, there will not be any negative impact on the crop production of the project area as the area of land propose to be acquire is very small. The main crop of this region is paddy and different pulses. Different type of vegetable also produces in the area but very few. The agricultural lands in the project area are not very rich and fertile. Therefore, the overall impact of crop production would be insignificant. Generation of direct and indirect employment which was not available throughout the year at the pre-project days can be generating due to the project. It may be pertinent to mention here that any infrastructural development has restricted direct job opportunities per se but generates a lot of downstream employment facilitating boom in the local economy.

11. Impact on Physical Resources Some timber as well as avenue/fruit trees are likely to be affected due to proposed acquisition of land in the entire affected area. Some of these are privately owned, while others are common property as growing in Government land. The trees are either timber trees like Gamhar, Shisham, etc., or fruit trees like Jackfruit, Mango, and Guava etc. In

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD case of fruit trees, the families owning them will lose the revenue that used to come by selling the fruits. The impact on livestock of the affected population is an indirect one. Although they will not be disturbed, their grazing area due to the acquisition of land may get reduced and there might be difficulty faced by the affected people to collect their fodder from the nearby area.

12. MITIGATION MEASURES

In view of Jharkhand Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules, 2015 Government of Jharkhand is considering to formulate its Land Acquisition and Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy. The brief detail of resettlement & rehabilitation measures to be adopted for affective rehabilitation and improvement in quality of life of affected population due to land acquisition and setting up of the proposed project is presented in subsequent sections

13. ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL COST AND BENEFITS

Compensation Summary

As per the Jharkhand Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation & Resettlement Rules 2015, responsibility of dispersal of the compensation amount will be of the Office of the Deputy Commissioner of Koderma district.

Final Conclusion & Recommendation on Acquisition

From the analysis it can be concluded that the basic amenities and infrastructural facilities like education, health, electrification, banking and road networking are accessible to the people of the project area. People are mostly dependent on agriculture and daily labour work for fulfil their daily needs. Agriculture is mainly dependent on monsoon. Electricity is available in the villages, although the supply is less reliable.

As discussed in the earlier segments of the report suggestion that has come like construction of rumblers and speed breakers, considering the reservations of people to include names which has been left out but are losing land and providing training and timely and sufficient credit to start some service providing shops will help people mitigate the losses of land and assets. At the same time training by the agriculture department and providing irrigation facilities on lands that are less productive will also help in mitigating the impact. It can be done through the programmes from the main line departments like MGNREGA and Department of agriculture. This may help in people becoming part of the development process.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1. Background of the Project

Department of Land Acquisition, Koderma is planning to construct a road from Koderma Block to Domchach Block in Koderma District of Jharkhand. For the purpose, 39.2025 Acre of land would be required in from 19 no of villages from both of the block Koderma and Domchach. The proposed land includes private (agricultural, non-agricultural including homestead land) as well as the government land. The required land is proposed to be acquired from land owners. The acquisition of agricultural, homestead and non- agricultural land may lead to socio-economic changes in the project area. Accordingly, to assess the changes, Socio-economic survey in selected mouzas/villages of both of the Block for the proposed road was undertaken as per the guideline and instructions provided by the Department from time to time. Before commencement of the socio- economic survey concerned Authorities were consulted for their guidance and support and also for providing the required secondary data of concerned village/mouza/block/district, etc.

As per the suggestion of the Koderma District Authority the field survey was conducted between 14th May to 31st May, 2017 at all the selected mouzas/villages under Koderma and Domchach Block. During the socio-economic survey, structured questionnaire was used for house hold survey as well as capturing of profile of selected villages in terms of availability of basic amenities, demographic profile, land use pattern, etc. Besides the questionnaire survey, focus group discussion was also conducted to assess the community need for local area development. Various stakeholders involved in the community welfare and alternate livelihood generation were also interviewed and their opinions for the same were recorded. The sample copy of questionnaire used for the purpose is appended in Annexure 2 and Annexure 3.

2. Rational for the project

The Proposed Acquisition Serves Public Purpose

To improve mobility and achieve equitable development of the State Jharkhand, the state authority has set targets to increase road density by constructing new bypass road which is connecting two main blocks Koderma and Domchanch of the District Koderma which will improve conditions of the existing road network. Acquisition of Bare Minimum Land Needed for the Project

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

The land is mainly required for the construction of bypass road in the selected villages. For the construction of the bypass it is essential to acquire the land. The acquisition of land for the project shall displace few people from their home, livelihood base, since land is a threatened commodity in the said project area. Efforts have been made to keep land requirement to the barest minimum by so choosing the alignments that the acquisition of land and other common property is minimal. Compensation shall be paid accordingly, for relocation of residential buildings, agriculture land, open land likely to be affected due to the proposed project.

Potential Benefits Hugely Outweighs the Deemed Costs

The project will entail a multitude of benefits for the people of the selected 19 villages and the local people of the surrounding areas. The project will have following benefits for the people: The prime positive impacts of the bypass road are as follows:

a) Development of transport and communication facilities: It has been expected that the construction of the bypass will increase the number and frequency of vehicles in the area. As a result people can move frequently to the one place to other. People of the village can send their products to the market outside the village and also can bring necessary goods inside the village very smoothly.

b) Saving in travel time: It is expected that due to construction of the bypass, people will reach to the market easily. The travel time also reduce to reach the important places.

c) New Business Activities: The construction of new bypass will help the people of the village to come up with a new business. They can open new shop or can start any productive activities in the village as the transportation is the product will be easier than before. Due to the increment in the market activities the purchasing power of the population will also be increased.

3. Approvals and Clearances Obtained

According to the EIA notification, the construction of the proposed bypass road does not require prior environmental clearance from the concerned authority. The proposed bypass road is not passing through any wildlife sanctuary or ecologically sensitive area. There were some trees that will need to be felled. For the plantation in the private land, any clearance is not required from any department.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 4. Examination of the alternatives

It was taken during the detailed design of the project preparation to minimize the loss under land acquisition. Through suitable engineering design attempts have been made to confine the project area in the government land and in available Right of way where feasible. This has been done with proper consultation with the local people and affected communities. Their suggestions were taken in the project design. Measures are also followed to minimise the resettlement like selection of the project sites covering common property land, and preferred open land instead of habitation and building structures etc.

5. Phases of project construction

The construction work of the proposed bypass road is proposed to commence immediately after acquisition of the land identified and relocation of the houses of the population need to relocate due to the construction of the bypass road. The proposed bypass road would be completed as soon as possible after the completion of the acquisition process.

6. Need for ancillary infrastructural facilities For the construction of the proposed bypass road, no additional ancillary infrastructural facility required.

7. Work force requirements The proposed bypass road will be constructed using soil available in the village and ready mix materials. It is estimated that the complete construction of the proposed bypass road will take around 12 months’ time. It is envisaged that the construction of the bypass road will lead to significant generation of employment for the local population, especially the unskilled/semiskilled labour force during the construction period.

8. Details of SIA if already conducted and any technical feasibility report No SIA or EIA was done for the bypass road earlier.

9. Applicable legislations and policies This Social Impact Assessment Report has been prepared in reference to the Jharkhand Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation & Resettlement Rules, 2015.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

TEAM COMPOSITION, BYPASS, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE FOR SIA 1. List of team member with qualification The team which carried out this assignment is a team of very well qualified & immensely dedicated and experienced persons at all levels. This team has devotedly worked in a number of assignments in the fields of social impact assessment studies, resettlement & rehabilitation, CSR implementation, rural development, public health, education, renewable energy, etc. The team members have experience of several years in the development sector. Together, the team members have carried out more than 35 different assignments in consulting, research and training for different clients. These professionals have experience of working in rural and urban areas of a number of states including, Jharkhand, , Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh among other states. The team members have been involved in assignments in the past for a number of prestigious clients. They are extensively travelled persons and have experience of undertaking field work and preparation of development sector reports.

Brief profile of the team members is presented below: Table 1: List of SIA team members Sl No Name Qualification Role

1 Mr. Hemant Kumar B. Sc. Forestry Team Leader

2 Mr. Abhisek Shankar PGDRM Field Supervisor

3 Mr. Pawan Kumar Civil Engineering Field officer

4 Mr. Krishnapada Sasmal MSW Field data supervisor

5 Md. Nisar Ahmed Inter Field data supervisor

6 Md. Nayum Inter Field data supervisor

7 Md. Subhan Inter Field data supervisor

8 Sanjoy Bedia Inter Field data supervisor

Apart from the above, there were 4 Research Investigators who were involved in data collection from the field. All of them were Graduate or above and have more than 4 years of data collection work on various socio-economic indicators.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2. METHODOLOGY

The Socio-economic Impact Assessment study has been conducted using primary data as well as secondary data available with the District/Block and Revenue officials of the area, census records, land records, etc. Interview with the local people and discussions with community, Government offices, voluntary agencies of the area were an important component of the study.

For assessment of baseline social inventory for the likely to be affected village, a structural questionnaire was developed and filled in during the field survey. For individual profile of all the project affected families of the village, a structured questionnaire was developed. The same was filled up during the door-to-door field survey and the information so collected was authenticated through cross-verification and verification through other sources. A Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise with the involvement of various stakeholders in providing information about the common property resources and developmental infrastructure was an important aspect of the methodology involved. The assessment of socio-economic status and lifestyle of women and other vulnerable categories of persons viz., tribals, indigenous people, children and the aged, was given special attention and their needs were clearly brought out in the study.

All data collected through the survey were computerized on MS Office on household basis and the study as a whole. All data and information collected through the study was analysed and interpreted. The analysed data has been presented through tables, graphs and maps besides the interpreting text. In the interpretation, equal weightage was given to both the qualitative and quantitative aspects, so that a balanced view of the impact of land acquisition, need of the affected persons, and their priorities could be clearly brought out. Such a bypass not only facilitates appropriate planning but also results in the development of those affected by the project.

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF FAMILY LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED

SUPPORT was supplied the list of project affected households of the Project Affected Village delineating the tentative project boundaries for the bypass road. The socio- economic team was employed for the identification and verification exercise of families likely to be affected with the help of list provided by the department. The team initially identified the families likely to be affected. Then for each family head of household was identified and detail survey was undertaken.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2.2 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

To ascertain the socio-economic status of families likely to be affected, Census Survey (CS) as well as Socio-Economic Survey (SES) was conducted to establish the monitoring and evaluating parameters. These were supplemented by follow up survey through participatory methods.

CENSUS SURVEY (CS) A Census Survey covers all the project affected households of the selected nineteen villages. It provides a complete inventory of the households and their status. The census survey inter-alia includes collection of information about the following:

a. The resource base including land, water and forest etc., with an assessment of its ecological development in the pre-project condition.

b. Economic base of the persons likely to be affected including the modes and magnitude of production, consumption pattern, related economic institutions and allocation of various productive resources.

c. Household census covering immovable properties owned by families likely to be affected and other resources in their possession or use.

d. The social structure, norms, customs, cultural centres, traditions, patterns of leadership and institutions of social networking.

e. Identification of sharecroppers, encroachers and agricultural day labourers, and those persons who do not hold land but are dependent on it for their livelihood.

f. Identification of vulnerable groups such as old, handicapped, orphans and destitute, etc.

2.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY (SES)

This is an integral part of Socio-economic Impact Assessment (SIA) study. It was carried out through a household questionnaire. This provided data on the likely impact of land acquisition on the local economy, economic institution, land-use pattern, tenancy and share cropping, occupation and employment pattern, income and economic interdependence between households, poverty levels, local social organizations and

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD authority structure, women’s activities and income. The Socio-Economic Survey (SES) provided information on:

 Magnitude of displacement.  Full resource base of the affected population.  The extent to which the groups may lose assets – totally or partially.  Public infrastructure and social series.

SES was carried out on a total affected population present in the vicinity of the project area through a household questionnaire. The socio-economic questionnaire primarily covered the following items: social groups, family by type and size, education, ownership of structures, occupation, income, profile of women with respect to their marriage age, income, health, children and time disposition, livestock, housing details, assets, expenditure patterns and indebtedness.

2.4 FOLLOW UP SURVEY These were carried out to ascertain the opinion of the local people on certain focus area like relocation sites, vulnerable groups, income restoration, specific assistance, marginalization through participatory methods.

The methods of data collection adopted are briefly summarized as follows: Type Method /Technique Objective / Purpose Census Complete enumeration To prepare complete inventory of persons of all affected likely to be affected and their assets and population through income as a basis for compensation. household To use this inventory as check point for later questionnaire. influx. Socio- All of people likely to be To prepare socio-economic profile of families Economic affected using likely to be affected. Survey household To assess income, identify productive questionnaire. activities and plan for income restoration. To prepare resettlement and rehabilitation action plan. Follow -Up Participatory method, To update list of persons likely to be Survey focus group discussion. affected. To ascertain community development programme. To assess expectation on assistance/compensation package.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2.5 FIELD SURVEY The SUPPORT team visited the project site on 17th January 2017 and met District as well as Block officials to commence the field survey. The field survey started from 14th May, 2017 in the village and completed on 31st May, 2017. During the field visit, the FGD were conducted at the selected village to identify the need of basic infrastructure development in the affected villages.

During the socio-economic survey the discussions were held with various representatives of concerned gram panchayets as well as other government officials to assess the various developmental schemes being implemented in the project area and also to identify the thrust areas for future development.

2.6 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT After the baseline data collection, the potential social impacts have been assessed and as far as possible, quantified and prioritized. The analysis distinguished direct impacts, indirect impacts and cumulative impacts and identified significant impacts and/or particularly sensitive issues. The aim of the assessment was to analyse the nature and magnitude of the project impacts and to identify options for mitigating the social impacts that have been identified. One of the principal aims was to ensure that no unnecessary displacement or loss of livelihood occurs, the land acquisition being reduced to the absolute minimum needed for the project.

2.7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION As a part of social impact assessment, public consultation has been made with the prime focus on following stakeholders: 1. Local leaders at the panchayat level and other local opinion formers. 2. Representatives of the State Government (Collector and Block Officers). 3. Representatives of the key-line agencies (rural development, health, education, agriculture, etc). 4. Representatives of religious groups, minorities and other vulnerable groups are likely to be affected. 5. Local NGOs and other organizations (mahila mandals, SHGs, etc).

The focus group discussions/meetings were conducted with above-mentioned group of people initially during the field survey to appraise them regarding the proposed project, extent of land requirement, likely socio-economic impact on local people and measures proposed to be adopted for minimizing the same. Subsequently, the detailed interview was conducted with various local government representatives, political leaders and other stakeholders. This allowed for greater diversity and opinion, and more focused discussion on critical social issues likely to be affected and affective mitigative measures required to minimize the same.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

2.8 Tools Used to Collect Information for SIA During the data collection for the Social Impact Assessment, mainly two type of tools were used as mentioned below:

 Household Questionnaire: The household questionnaire is used for collection of the information from each and every household affected due to the construction of the project. The household questionnaire covered social groups, family by type and size, education, ownership of structures, occupation, income, profile of women with respect to their marriage age, income, health, children and time disposition, livestock, housing details, assets, expenditure patterns and indebtedness of the households.

 Village Questionnaire: The village questionnaire is used for gathering information of the project affected village including education, health, drinking water, communication facilities available with in the village and all other amenities available for the people living in the village. Village questionnaire also includes the demographic information of the project affected village.

2.9 Sampling Methodology Used As the households are preselected and very small in number, so no sampling was done while collecting data for the study. All the families in the selected village currently owning the land to be acquired for the proposed bypass road were covered during the detailed household survey.

2.10 Overview of Information/Data Sources Used Both the primary as well as secondary data were collected for the study. Before going for data collection/discussions and in-depth interviews in the field, intensive training session was organized. All issues were read out one by one and the intention of the statement/question was discussed and explained. This was done to sensitize the team members involved with the whole process of data collection and related activities on each and every question and issues in both households and village level questionnaires. Study of the secondary data was also undertaken. Secondary data of the proposed bypass road was collected from the office of the District Land Acquisition Officer (DLAO), Koderma. This data/information was studied in detail and extracts of the relevant portions have been incorporated in this report.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2.11 Schedule of Consultations with Key Stakeholders Consultative procedure has been a critical but important phase in the entire Social Impact Assessment process. The consultation process will be continued till the preparation of Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP). While social impact assessment ensured involvement of local communities through participatory planning, structured consultations and public hearing have to be conducted at village level to endorse important planning bypasses and policies. It is hoped that linkages developed during this phase will ensure the involvement of stakeholders in the implementation of the project. Following section highlights type of consultations.

Information Dissemination: The dissemination process and the type of information shared with the stakeholders during consultation are described below:-

 While undertaking the household survey, information dissemination focused on the proposed project characteristics, land width required for the construction of the proposed bypass road.

 Were consulted to inform them about, resultant impacts and possible social cultural conflict (if any) including loss of accessibility during construction.

 During these consultations it has been explained about the location of their properties with proposed bypass road. This activity helped people to understand the impact on their assets and properties.

Focus Group Discussion: At this stage of consultation a discussion was conducted with the group of local people at strategic location such as in a school building of the selected villages to understand acceptability of the project and issues related to land acquisition. In the FGD the project affected people were present along with the local body member, officials of the concerned government department and village head and other people of the village.

The overall objective of these consultations was to ensure that the local people can participate in the project specific studies and they were encouraged to express their concerns and opinions. Their suggestions/preferences which were shared by the stakeholders, local people and bodies are included in preparation of SIA report.

2.12 Brief Description of Public Hearing Conducted In order to make the implementation process transparent, a public disclosure meeting were held. The aim of the meeting was to disclose the entitlement to the stakeholders

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD for dissemination of information regarding rehabilitation process. The objectives of the consultations are:

(i) To understand the view of the project affected families on the rehabilitation issues. (ii) To make the rehabilitation process transparent to the people, and (iii) To reduce problem of institutional co-ordination.

One public consultation was held in the project affected village during the information collection process. The consultation process involved interaction with the block officials and other line departments during the meetings. The meetings were conducted by SUPPORT field staffs included the officers of block officials, local body members, the affected persons and local community based organisations. The main issues that were discussed and the feedback received from the project affected people during the consultations and the response has been summarized below.

Disclosure and Consultations Highlights

Issues raised PIU response 1 All land losers wanted additional All land losers will be getting compensation. compensation as per the land acquisition Act 2015 of Jharkhand. 2 People asked for compensation for It was explained that since the tress are in trees planted by them. their private land, the project will consider for the compensation for the trees. 3 People asked for market price of It was explained that the land losers will land. be getting the appropriate prices as the prices is fixed as per the Act. 4 Land losers asked for training Based on this requirement, the authority facilities and job opportunities in the has added a component of training for construction work. marginal and landless farmers in the entitlement matrix. It has also been added that job opportunities may be provided by the contractors depending on the requirement and the skills of the project affected persons.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD LAND ASSESSMENT

1. Information on Land Inventories & Primary Sources To get the details of the land to be acquired for the proposed project in the selected villages the following steps has been taken:

1. Get the list of the land losers from department: Before starting the assessment process, a detail list of the affected people has been collected from the concerned department. The list includes the name of the land losers with khata number and area of land is proposed to be acquired.

2. Made primary survey: Made a primary survey to get the details of the land looser and authenticate list and land lost for the project.

3. Feedback from the PAF: Got feedback from the particular project affected family about the land lost and impacts on their life and livelihood.

4. Preparation of List: After getting the feedback from the project affected families a detail list of land loser has been made based on the survey from the field.

5. Made an analysis: After preparation of the list of the affected families an analysis has been made for identify the type of land as given by the department and as said by the land owner.

6. Prepared list: After the detail analysis of the land, inventory of land has been made based on the primary survey.

After all the activities, it has been found that a total of 39.2025 acre of land proposed to be acquired. Out of this total land selected, 23.0925 acre of land is agriculture land and 0.23 acre land is homestead land from 7 village of Koderma Block proposed to be acquire. In Domchach Block there are 12 village from where land is proposed to be acquire. Total land from this 12 selected village is 16.87 acre and out of the total land 0.76 acre is homestead land and rest 12.21 acre is agricultureFigure1: Type land. of land proposed to be acquire

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2. Entire Area of Impact under the Influence of the Project

As part of strengthening the road and communication network in the Districts, State as well as the Block for smoother and safer movement of vehicular traffic and better communication, a new bypass was need to build in the area.

The major findings and magnitude of impacts of the proposed bypass road are discussed in the following sections. The project impacts have been classified into different categories such as impacts on land, impacts on the affected families and their livelihood resources, impacts on structures and impacts on the common property resources. The proposed project will have a number of positive and negative impacts. In general the proposed project shall bring following positive impacts:

 Generate Employment opportunity: During the construction phase of the project there will be need of skilled and unskilled manpower. The opportunity will be given to the project affected families as well as other people of the selected villages.

 Economic Growth: Due to new employment generation in the villages, the income as well as the expenditure capacity of the people will increase which indicates the economic growth of the villages.

 Safety in Travelling: Due to the construction of the bypass, the scope of accident will be reduce and people can travel safely.

The proposed project is not so positive for a section of people / project affected families. The negative impacts on these people include:

 Loss of Land: A total 461 number of family will lose their land that is a source of income of that family. Due to this incident, the family income will go down from the agriculture sources.

 Loss of some Residential structures: There are only two number of project affected family who are losing their house due to the construction of the road.

 Loss of livelihood: The people who are losing their agriculture land also losing their means of livelihood partly but not in fully. Because agriculture is the main source of income of the people of the village and people who are losing their agriculture land also own another agriculture land except the land proposed to be acquired.

3. Total Land Requirement for the Project For the construction of the proposed bypass a total 39.2025 acre of land is needed. As the length of the road is about 3 km and stretch of road is about 30 metre. All the land proposed to be acquired is private land.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

4. Present Use of Any Public, Unutilized Land in the Vicinity There is no land that has been acquired in the vicinity area in the past for the purpose of the proposed bypass road which remains unutilized.

5. Land Already Purchased, Alienated, Leased or Acquired Government has not purchased any land from the people of the village. The required land has been acquired as per the government act from the farmers of the selected villages. The total land proposed to be acquired is 39.2025 acre.

6. Intended Use of Each Plot of Land Required for the Project There are 829 number of plot proposed to be acquire for the projected bypass. All the plots proposed to be acquired will be used only for the proposed bypass road. No other use of any of these plots was intended.

7. Nature, Present Use and Classification of Land The stretch of land proposed to be acquired for the bypass road is being used by almost all the families for cultivation purpose as well as purpose of residence. As the land is not fertile due to its geographical location and unavailability of irrigation, the yield of the crops is very low. Except paddy, wheat and pulses also produce in the proposed land along with different type of vegetables. But the production of wheat and vegetables is very small in amount. During the household survey it has been found that all the families are doing agriculture as they are the owner of the land or sharecropper.

8. If Agricultural Land, Irrigation Coverage & Cropping Patterns Out of the total 39.2025 acre of land, near about 96.4% (26.5125) of the total land propose to be acquire is agriculture land. All the agricultural land proposed to be acquired is single copping land and paddy is the main crops of the area. Beside this, some of the people also produce some pulses and vegetable for their own uses only.

The average production of paddy in the area is 11 quintals per acre and rate of the paddy in the market is Rs.1560.00 per quintal. So the total crop production will reduce by 160.71 quintal when the acquisition will take place. Total financial loss would be Rs.250707.60 for the said construction. Normally the crop residue produce 1:2 of the total production of the crop which is used as fodder for the domestic animals. Because of the acquisition, total fodder production will residue by 321.42 quintal.

There are 357 number of farmer who will lose average land holding is only o.o4 acre and average loss will be only Rs.756.00. There are total 42 number of farmer who have average 0.16 acre of land and the average loss will be Rs. 2788.50 for the acquisition of the land for the project. 83 number of farmer found during the survey who have average land holding is 0.27 acre and average loss for the acquisition will be Rs. 4672.80. There are 41 farmer who are holding average of 0.38 acre land and the average lose for the acquisition will be Rs. 6563.70 due to the acquisition. The survey found only 2 farmer who

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD are holding 0.49 acre of land proposed to be acquire and the loss from the crop will be Rs. 8322.80.

9. Size of Holdings, Ownership Patterns, Land Distribution & number of Residential Houses

The chart is indicating the land holding details of the farmers with in the proposed project area. Out of the total 461 number of holdings, there are 357 number of holding found to hold less than 0.1 acre of land which is coming under this project. This 357 holding owns a total of 24.23 acre of land. There are 83 such holding who holds the land between 0.1 to 0.2 acre and the total area of land is 10.0425 acre of land. Rest 4.93 acre of land is under twenty one holdings. Figure 2: Land holding details of the affected families

The land is primarily owned by the male head of the family. In almost all the cases, after the demise of the land owner, the ownership of the land has not been transferred to the legal heir as per the land records available with the department. In all such cases, either the land was being used collectively by the next generation of family members of the expired land owner or there has been a verbal division of land among the next generation of family members through mutual understanding. The proposed land to be acquired is mainly the agriculture land and only 2 household have to be relocate.

10. Land Prices & Recent Changes in Ownership, Transfer & Use of Land Over the Last 3 Years Ownership of land in generally transfers to the next generation from the older family member to the young member of the family. Most of the cases change of the title of the land has not been made as per norms. Not found any recent sale or transfer of the land in the village or in the project affected families in the recent past.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION OF AFFECTED FAMILIES AND ASSETS

1. Directly Affected (own land proposed to be acquired) The land which is owned by the farmers of the selected villages is proposed to be acquired for the construction of the bypass road. Total area of land proposed to be acquired is 39.2025 acre which is owned by 461 number of farmer of the project villages who will be directed affected due to the acquisition. Out of this total 461 number of farmer, only 2 farmers found who will lose their house as well as homestead land and they need to relocate.

2. Tenants/Occupy the Land Proposed to be acquired As it was stated that the land proposed to be acquire is agriculture land and some homestead land. During the survey it was found that there are not any tenants residing in the proposed land to be acquired. People who are losing their land have their own land and some are belongs to the Government of Jharkhand.

3. Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Dwellers According to the household survey occurred in the village, there is not any Schedule Tribes family affected due to the acquisition.

4. Dependent on Common Property Resources which will be affected due to Acquisition of Land for their Livelihood No common property resource was being affected which will impact the livelihood of the affected persons due to the land acquisition.

5. Have been Residing on any Land in the Urban Areas for Preceding 3 Years or More Prior to the Acquisition of the Land None of the families from whom land was proposed to be acquired has been residing on any land in the urban areas for the preceding 3 years or more.

6. Depended on the Land being acquired as a Primary Source of Livelihood for 3 Years Prior to the Acquisition None of the family that was losing land due to proposed acquisition for the bypass road depended on the proposed land as a primary source of livelihood. Although farmers are cultivating on the land proposed to be acquired, all of them have another land. There are 2 such families who have to replace to another place also have other land to make their new houses. The yield capacity of the land is low due to its geographical location and unavailability of irrigation. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in the project

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD affected area. Beside this some of the people also migrate to another place for livelihood as they do not have much of land for cultivation or they are share croppers.

7. Indirectly Impacted by the Project There are no families which are getting directly impacted by losing their land. But there is lot of indirect impact towards the people for both who are losing the land and who are not. After the construction of the bypass the market of the village will grow up and scope of new business will open to all the villagers.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

SOCIO ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PROFILE

Demographic Details of the Affected Population

1. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT

The district is bounded by 24015’46’’ and 240 49’18’’ N latitude and 85026’01’’ and 85054’16’’ east longitude and covers an area of about 1500.00 Sq Km. It is bounded on the North by the district of Bihar, on the south by district of Jharkhand on the east by district of Jharkhand and on the west by the of Bihar. About 41% part of the Koderma district is covered with forests. The total forest area of Koderma district is 53,841.37 hectare. The per capita forest area in hectare is 0.14. The Koderma forest is rich in Khair, Sakhuwa, Semal, Gamhar, etc. The area of Figure 3: District map of reserved forest in Koderma forest division is 639.68 Sq Km. Presently the reserved forest area of Koderma district is declared as wild life sanctuary. Koderma district is rich in minerals. The Koderma district and the Lokai-Indarwa area cover the southern part of Great Mica-Belt of Jharkhand and Bihar. Previously the Mica belt was known as Bihar mica belt which extends for a distance of 160 km having an average width of 25 kms. The mica belt strenches from Gurpa in Gaya district in the west through Nawada, Koderma, Hazaribag, Giridih in Jharkhand and Jamui as well as Bhagalpur district of the Bihar state in the east. Its maximum width is about 40 km at Koderma-Hazaribagh-Nawada area. The whole belt encompasses roughly 4,000 sq. km. around area and lies on the north fringe of Chotanagpur plateau and runs in an east- north east to west-southwest direction. Once upon a time Koderma district was famous for its mica production worldwide and the district is known as “Abarakh Nagari”. But gradually excavation of low quality of mica ore and high cost of production results in closure of mica related industry The proposed project may lead to the changes in the socio-economic status of local people as well as the entire region. The existing socio-economic profile of the region has been discussed in subsequent sections. Koderma District has 6 census Blocks, 111 gram panchayets and 577 villages. Total area of Kodarma District is about 2,540 sqkm. Domchanch Block is bounded by Block in the north, , in Giridih

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD district, and Block in the east, Jainagar Block in the south and Koderma Block and Block, in of Bihar, in the west.

Domchanch Block has an area of 325.30 km2. The block has 130 villages. As per the 2011 Census of Domchanch Block had a total population of 125,387, of which 109,587 were rural and 15,809 were urban. There were 64,076 (51%) males and 61,311 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 24,576. Scheduled Castes numbered 17,547 (13.99%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 2,355 (1.88%). Domchanch is a census town in Domchanch Block with a population of 15,809 in 2011. As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Domchanch Block was 64,034 (63.52% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 39,676 (76.89% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 24,358 (49.50%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 27.40%.

Karma, a constituent town in Koderma Block, is located at 24°26′38″N 85°33′4″E. Koderma Block is bounded by Rajauli Block, in Nawada district of Bihar, in the north, Domchanch Block in the east, Jainagar Block in the south and Block in the west. Koderma Block has an area of 160.57 km2. The block has 94 villages. As per the Koderma Block had a total population of 93,240, of which 80,303 were rural and 12,937 were urban. There were 47,584 (51%) males and 45,656 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 17,645. Scheduled Castes numbered 15,428 (16.55%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 454 (0.49%). is a census town in Kodarma Block with a population of 7,184 in 2011 and Karma is a census town with a population of 5,753 in 2011. As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Koderma Block was 49,695 (65.74% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 30,607 (79.38% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 19,088 (51.54% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 27.84%.

TABLE 5.1: DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT REGION

Female

6yrs Male 6yrs Female 6yrs

- - -

Name TRU Household Noof Population Total Male Total Female Total children of Population 0 children of Population 0 children of Population 0 SC Population Male SC Population SC Population ST Population Male ST Population Female ST Population Literate Population Literate Population Male Literate Population Female Kodar Tot 116 716 367 349 132 679 644 109 553 536 69 35 33 390 238 151 ma al 155 259 222 037 375 16 59 003 46 57 03 94 09 249 780 469 Kodar Rur 916 575 293 281 110 562 537 938 475 463 61 32 29 296 184 111 ma al 93 013 595 418 025 94 31 85 09 76 52 10 42 147 511 636 Kodar Urb 244 141 736 676 223 116 107 151 783 728 75 38 36 941 542 398 ma an 62 246 27 19 50 22 28 18 7 1 1 4 7 02 69 33 Domch Tot 208 125 640 613 245 124 120 175 883 871 23 12 11 640 396 243 anch al 71 387 76 11 76 77 99 47 0 7 55 03 52 34 76 58

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Domch Rur 181 109 559 536 220 111 108 156 785 779 23 12 11 536 336 200 anch al 87 578 15 63 35 97 38 52 9 3 52 01 51 97 53 44 Domch Urb 268 158 816 764 254 128 126 189 103 602 431 anch an 4 09 1 8 1 0 1 5 971 924 3 2 1 37 3 4 Kodar Tot 349 205 106 993 349 180 169 275 141 134 11 57 56 126 746 517 ma al 26 740 429 11 51 50 01 41 18 23 37 1 6 416 52 64 Kodar Rur 131 803 409 393 151 770 743 143 725 706 38 18 20 426 264 162 ma al 48 03 63 40 42 8 4 18 2 6 9 9 0 51 06 45 Kodar Urb 217 125 654 599 198 103 946 132 686 635 74 38 36 837 482 355 ma an 78 437 66 71 09 42 7 23 6 7 8 2 6 65 46 19 Source: Census of India 2011, Series 1: India; Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

TABLE 5.2: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL STATUS IN PROJECT AFFECTED REGION

TRU

male

Male

Name

al worker al

female

Female

cultivator

Main workerMain workerMain workerMain workerMain workerMain workerMain

Tot

cultivator male cultivator

cultivator female cultivator

Agriculture labour Agriculture labour Agriculture

Total main worker main Total

Total Maleworker Total worker main Total worker main Total

Agriculture Labour Agriculture Total Female Total worker Kodarma Total 257418 173993 83425 143324 117881 25443 39007 30171 8836 24197 17377 6820 Kodarma Rural 218326 139982 78344 112536 89403 23133 38079 29303 8776 23157 16404 6753 Kodarma Urban 39092 34011 5081 30788 28478 2310 928 868 60 1040 973 67 Domchanch Total 40972 29831 11141 23765 20074 3691 5588 4628 960 4527 3779 748 Domchanch Rural 36723 26125 10598 20669 17148 3521 5332 4378 954 4081 3344 737 Domchanch Urban 4249 3706 543 3096 2926 170 256 250 6 446 435 11 Kodarma Total 61983 48965 13018 42889 37900 4989 3117 2231 886 2392 1908 484 Kodarma Rural 27140 18660 8480 15197 12348 2849 2445 1613 832 1798 1370 428 Kodarma Urban 34843 30305 4538 27692 25552 2140 672 618 54 594 538 56 Source: Census of India 2011, Series 1: India; Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

2. Demographic profile of the Block Since the people constitute the essence and focus of any socio-economic activity, it originates with reference to the underlying demographic features and trends. The Table 5.1 shows the related population distribution, sex ratio, population density and literacy rate of both of the blocks Koderma and Domchach with the district Kodarma. The population of Koderma Block is around 30.07% of total population of the District and the population of Domchach block is around 17.97% of the total population of the district Koderma. The sex ratio (number of females per thousand male) of the block Koderma is only 933 and 957 in Domchach block against 948 of country District. Population density in the Blocks is lower than the District. Literacy rate of the block Koderma is only 32.39% and 16.41% for the block of Domchanch. Whereas, the literacy rate of the district is 54.48%.

The analysis of distribution of population over different categories of workers and non- workers in the block Koderma and Domchach along with the district details is given in the table 5.2. The workers and non-workers in the District consist of 36% and 64% respectively. Koderma Block consists of 24.08% of workers and Domchach block consists 15.92% of workers (main and marginal) against 36% in the District.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Land is the basic resource. An estimation of land use and potentials of the fallow and wastelands is imperative for policy planning in rural development, environmental protection, wasteland development, agriculture, pisciculture etc.

Koderma Block: The total geographical area of Koderma Block is 23205 hac. The land use pattern of the block is presented in the chat. The analysis of land use pattern in the Block reveals that the forest area is 31.13% of the total land of the block. 10.72% of the total land area of the block is under non- agricultural use. A large portion of the block is under Net Sown are which is covering 24.49% of the total land of the block. Total agricultural land of the block is 28.15% of the total area. Out of the total area, only 12.27% land area is there where irrigation facilities are available. Figure 4: Land use pattern of Koderma Block

Wasteland is defined as that land which is degraded and is presently lying unutilized except as current fallow due to different constraints. Wastelands are classified into two categories, viz., culturable and uncultivable. Areas which come under the culturable wasteland are gullied and/or ravenous, undulating uplands, water logged land and marsh, sandy terrain, etc. The un-culturable wastelands include barren and rocky/stony wastes, steep sloping area, etc.

Domchach Block: The total geographical area of Domchach Block is 31426 hac. The land use pattern of the block is presented in the chat. The analysis of land use pattern in the Block reveals that a large portion of the block is under forest cover. Almost 55% of the block is under the forest area. From the rest of the land area around 19% is under net sown area and around 11% is under agriculture land area. Out of the total land area only 3.55% of the land is availableFigure 5: whereLand use different pattern of Domchachtypes of Blockirrigation facilities are available. Wasteland is defined as that land which is degraded and is presently lying unutilized except as current fallow due to different constraints. Wastelands are classified

Figure 2: Land use pattern of Domchach Block SUPPORT Page | 32

SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD into two categories, viz., culturable and uncultivable. Areas which come under the culturable wasteland are gullied and/or ravenous, undulating uplands, water logged land and marsh, sandy terrain, etc. The un-culturable wastelands include barren and rocky/stony wastes, steep sloping area, etc.

3. Demographic profile of the Project villages

TABLE 5.3: DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AFFECTED VILLAGES

on

6yrs 6yrs 6yrs

- - -

Name

No of Household of No Populati Total Male Total Female Total of Population 0 children of Population 0 children Male of Population 0 children Female SC Population SC Population Male SC Population Female ST Population ST Population Male ST Population Female Population Literate Population Male Literate Population Female Literate Indarwa 317 2109 1055 1054 418 221 197 261 129 132 1 0 1 1181 701 480 Maliyai 66 393 200 193 73 37 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 204 125 79 Karharia 63 359 178 181 72 33 39 62 33 29 0 0 0 93 69 24 Gendwadih Bisunpure 65 404 199 205 76 36 40 30 15 15 0 0 0 193 118 75 Kodarma 4337 24633 12941 11692 3853 1989 1864 3270 1691 1579 289 153 136 16645 9647 6998 Tetariadih 383 2319 1216 1103 404 229 175 45 24 21 0 0 0 1439 850 589 Mahthadih 726 4084 2100 1984 646 320 326 247 129 118 4 2 2 2697 1582 1115 Maheshpur 109 774 421 353 182 109 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 326 220 106 Chainpur 156 1047 535 512 223 112 111 165 85 80 0 0 0 494 322 172 Phulwaria 686 4139 2180 1959 712 378 334 371 198 173 2 0 2 2174 1378 796 Bindomoh 120 765 398 367 170 86 84 126 67 59 0 0 0 347 230 117 169 1167 597 570 222 113 109 297 150 147 1 0 1 578 332 246 Kharkhar 430 2757 1394 1363 563 292 271 365 165 200 0 0 0 1300 825 475 Nawada 95 742 371 371 137 70 67 170 86 84 0 0 0 388 230 158 Purnadih 336 2157 1108 1049 407 197 210 598 308 290 6 2 4 1102 712 390 Domchanch 2684 15809 8161 7648 2541 1280 1261 1895 971 924 3 2 1 10337 6023 4314

Total 10742 63658 33054 30604 10699 5502 5197 7902 4051 3851 306 159 147 39498 23364 16134

As per the census of 2011, Govt. of India, total number of house hold of the project affected villages from both of the block is 10742 and number of household is 63658. Out of the total population, 33.54 are male and 30604 are female. Total SC population of the project affected villages is only 7902. a) Number of Affected Families The Census and Socio-Economic Survey was conducted from 14th May to 31st May 2017 in the selected villages under Koderma and Domchanch Block of Koderma District. During the survey total 461 number of family was covered to collect socio-economic information from the household level. This 461 number of family was preselected by the district land acquisition department. Due to the land acquisition all the selected households will be directly affected by losing their agriculture land. b) Age & Sex Profile

(i) Age Wise Distribution of Population in Affected Households

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Table 5.4 indicates age wise distribution of the project affected families in the selected villages in both of the block Koderma and Domchanch. A total 2963 no of population will be affected due to the construction of the road in the selected villages. Out of this total population 0-6 year population is covering 14.58% and 7-17 years population is covering 22.24%. Mostly affected population aged between 18-40 years, which is 37.26% and out of this 561 are male and 543 are female. 16.94% of the surveyed population is covering the aged between 41-60 years which is 502 number in total and 8.77% are more than 60 years old which is 260 in number. Total 1538 no of male and 1425 no of female will be affected due to the proposed project in these selected villages. No. of No. of Sl. Classification Total % Males Females 1 0-6 Years 231 201 432 14.58 2 7-17 Years 323 342 665 22.44 3 18-40 Years 561 543 1104 37.26 4 41-60 Years 278 224 502 16.94 5 >60 Years 145 115 260 8.77 Overall 1538 1425 2963 100.00 Table 5.4: Age wise distribution of the population of project affected households

(ii) Sex Wise Distribution of Population in Affected Households

Table 5.5 is indicating sex wise distribution of family members in the selected households of the selected villages of both of the community development blocks. It is noted that out of the total population, 51.91% are male and 48.09% are female. The study has revealed that for every 1,000 males, an average of only 927 females are present being maximum ratio in the households of the project affected village. The analysis reveals that out of total heads of households of surveyed in the villages in Koderma and Domchach CD Block, 482 are male headed and remaining 18 are female headed families. Male Female No. % No. % 1538 51.91 1425 48.09 1538 51.91 1425 48.09 TABLE 5.5: SEX WISE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION IN AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS

c) Caste and Religion of the Families (i) Caste Wise Distribution of Population in Affected Households

Table 5.6 indicates caste wise distribution of total population in the selected villages. It is noted the General account for 43.17% of the surveyed population of the selected village. The second most population of the affected households of the village Other Backword Class account 36.96% of the surveyed population. Schedule Caste

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD population of the selected villages is accounting 18.87% of the total population affected. Frequency Per cent Valid Per cent General Category 199 43.17 43.17 Schedule Caste 87 18.87 18.87 Other Backward Class 175 37.96 37.96

Total 461 100 100 Table 5.6: Caste wise distribution of the population surveyed

(ii) Religion Wise Distribution of Population in Affected Households

The Table 5.7 indicates religion wise distribution of the population surveyed in the project affected village. The population affected due to the construction mainly dominating by the Hindu community. All the household surveyed are from the hindu community. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Hindu 461 100 100 Total 461 100 100 Table 5.7: Religion Wise Distribution of Population in Affected Households

d) Literacy Status (i) Literacy Status of the project affected households Adult Members of the Project affected Families (>=17 years of age)

The Table 5.8 indicating the educational status of the population of the project affected people of the selected 17 number of villages in Koderma and Domchach Community Development Blocks of the District Koderma, Jharkhand. A total 1866 no of adult population aged more than 18 years including the male and female the project affected households are representing in the table below. The literacy per cent among the adult population of the affected villages is 51.54 and illiteracy rate is 49.46%. Among the total adult population 6.59% (123) are literate but have not ant formal education. 12.21% population of the affected area have avail primary education and 11.95% population attended middle school only. 9.00% of the population have completed their Secondary education and 9.69% are Higher Secondary education. There are ten such people who has completed graduation and 5 people completed post-graduation. The survey found only 5 people having professional or technical education within the project affected population. Frequency Percent Illiterate 923 49.46 Literate without formal education 123 6.59 Primary 228 12.21

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Middle School 223 11.95 Secondary School 168 9.00 Higher Secondary 181 9.69 Graduate 10 0.53 Post Graduate 5 0.26 Professional/Technical Education 5 0.26 1866 100 Table 5.8: Educational Status of the Adult Population of the surveyed Households

Child Members of the Project affected Families (<=17 years of age)

The Table 5.9 is indicating the educational status of the school going children of the project affected population of the selected villages of the affected blocks. There are total 1097 number of population aged below 17 years live in the selected villages. No of 198 children are very little to go to school which is covering 18.05% of the total children population of the affected households. 297 number of children is attending primary school covering 27.07% of the total child population of the households affected. 168number of children is going to middle school and 163 number is going to secondary school which is covering 15.31% and 14.86% of the child population respectively. 19.33% (212) children is attending higher secondary school and only 59 students found to attending the degree collage from the affected households of the project affected villages of the selected blocks.

Frequency Percent

Infant 198 18.05 Primary 297 27.07 Middle School 168 15.31 Secondary School 163 14.86 Higher Secondary 212 19.33 Graduate 59 5.38 Total 1097 100 Table 5.9: Educational Status of the Child Population of the surveyed Households e) Health & Nutrition Status

(i) Availability of Health Services in the project affected Villages

Primary Health and Family Welfare Facilities come under the basic minimum need program of the Government. The two most important indicators to assess the status of primary health facilities in the Project Area. In the project villages, there is only one PHC (Primary Health Centre) available which is present in Phulwaria village. There are three primary health sub centre available in the project affected villages. There is an allopathic

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD hospital available in Nawalsahi village. There is only one veterinary hospital in the village Phulwaria.

TABLE 5.10 : MEDICAL FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN THE PROJECT VILLAGE (as on 2011)

- -

spensary (D)

Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital allopathic (HA) Hospital alternative medicine (HO) Di Veterinary hospital(VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Indarwa b b 1 c b b b 1 b b b

Kodarma b b a c b b b b b b b

Maliyai b b a c b b b b b b b

Karharia c c a c c c b c b c b

Gendwadih b b a c b b b b b b b Bisunpure Tetariadih a a a c c b b 1 b b b

Mahthadih c b a c c c b b b 1 c

Domchanch c c a c c c c b c c c

Maheshpur a a a c c c c a c c c

Chainpur a a a c c c c a c c c

Phulwaria c 1 1 c c c c c 1 c c

Bindomoh c c a c c c c c b b c

Nawalsahi c c 1 c c 1 c c c c c

Kharkhar c c a c c c c b a c c

Nawada c c a c c c c c c c c

Purnadih c c a c c c c c c c c 0 1 3 0 0 1 0 2 1 1 0 Source: Census of India, 2011 a- Within 5 km from the village b- Within 5-10 km from the village, c- More than 10 km from the village f) Major Health Issues in the Villages

There is not any drainage facility available in the project affected villages. Dirty water from various sources got collected in puddles which resulted in various vector borne diseases. Some of the common diseases endemic to the village were malaria, diarrhoea, dysentery and gastric problems. The situation became worse during the rainy season.

g) Availability of Anganwadi Services in the Village

Anganwadi services under ICDS is available in all the selected villages. The major attraction for the children and their parents to send their children to the Anganwadi Centre is the supplementary food provided there. Routine immunization of the children was also conducted at the Centre by the ANM with the support of the AWW.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD h) Food Habit of the People

During the interactions with the families, an effort was made to assess the consumption pattern of different food items by the members of the families. Pulses, rice, vegetables, eggs and meat were regularly consumed by these families. However, the consumption of chapatti and milk was not quite regular.

4. Income & Poverty Levels a) Family Income Levels

Out of total 461 families, more than half (56.45%) families had total annual income is up to Rs. 60000 from all the sources of income taken together. There are 123 families in the project affected households have their annual income more than Rs. 61000 but below Rs. 120000. This 123 household is covering 26.68% of total project affected families. There are 52 such household whose annual income is between Rs. 121000 to Rs. 180000 which is covering 11.28% of the total project affected household and there are 26 household found in the area which is earning more than Rs. 180000 per year. Frequency Percent Yearly Income Up to 60000 260 56.45 Yearly Income 61000-120000 123 26.68 Yearly Income 121000-180000 52 11.28 Yearly Income >181000 26 5.64 Total 261 100 Table 5.11: Income Level of the surveyed Households b) Major Sources of Drinking Water

Major sources of the supply of drinking water are public hand pumps/tube-wells and wells in the villages. Some of the households also own their personal hand pump in the house. c) Availability of Electricity Connection

In the project affected households, electricity is not available. Although the distribution line is present in the village but there is no supply available.

5. Vulnerable Groups a) Women There are 1425 number of women in the total 500 number of project affected families. This is covering 48.09% of the total project affected population of the selected villages. Women are restricted to freely go outside of the house. They are basically engaged with the household chores and take care of the children of the family. There is lack of land entitlement to the women. There is not any common place where the women can meet for discussing any issue or any entertainment. It has been found during the survey that the women of the household can take part in decision making in the matter of education

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD of the children, healthcare of the child and day to day work of the household but the financial control is still in the hand of the men member of the household. b) Children

Among the 461 families, there are 432 children aged up to 6 years, out of which 231 are male children (53.47%) and remains 46.53% (201) are girl child. Similarly, there are 665 children between age group 7-17 years, out of which 323 (48.57%) are male and remain 51.43% (342) are girl child.

Sl. Classification No. of Boys No. of Girls Total 1 0-6 Years 231 (53.47%) 201(46.53%) 432 2 7-17 Years 323(48.57%) 342(51.43%) 665 Total 554(100) 543(100) 1097 Table 5.12: No of Children in surveyed Households c) Elderly The household survey found that there are a total 260 number of people aged more than 60 years. Out of these 260 people, 145 are male who are covering 56% of the population of this category. Remaining 115 are female who are covering 44% of the population of this age group. No. of No. of Sl. Classification Total Males Females 1 >60 Years 145 115 260 Overall 56% 44% Table 5.13: No of Elderly person in surveyed Households d) Women Headed Families

There are total 13 number of women headed household found in the project affected household in the selected villages which is covering 4.6% of the total household under the project area. Rest 448 household out of total 500 household are male headed household which is covering 97.18% of the total project affected household. Sl. Classification No. % Women 1 Headed 13 2.82% Household Male Headed 2 448 97.18% Household Table 5.14: No of Men headed and women headed households in surveyed Households e) Differently Abled Persons We have not found any person with disability or differently able person in the project affected household in the selected villages.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

6. Land Use and Livelihood a) Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Use Out of the total 39.2025 acres of Raiyat Land proposed to be acquired, it was reported that agriculture was being practiced in 23.0925 acres of land in the selected villages of Koderma block and 16.11 acre in the selected villages of Domchanch block. Rest of the land proposed to be acquired is only 0.99 acre which is homestead land in both of the block. Due to lack of proper and adequate irrigation facility in Figure 6: Type and area of land proposed to be the area, people of the villages acquire in the project area were heavily dependent on rainfall for irrigation.

This was the reason why here agriculture was practiced primarily only in one season of the year, that is, kharif season. Paddy, maize and vegetables were the main crops sown in the area. b) Quality of Land – Soil, Water, Trees

The soil in the area was dry and unfertile not conducive for agriculture and thus the productivity was very poor and the people of the village cultivated paddy, maize and vegetables during the monsoon season with sole dependence on rainfall. The various benefits that the families got from the trees in the nearby areas were monetary income from sale of minor forest produce, firewood, etc. Also, the open spaces around the houses were the most common grazing place for the livestock. There were various types of trees planted on the land proposed to be acquired which included - neem, mango, mahua, sheesham, jackfruit, gamhaar, etc. c) Livestock : Families Owning Livestock

Livestock is one of the main source of income of the families of the selected villages of the project affected blocks. In the project affected households of the selected villages, the household survey found different type of livestock available. The details and number of livestock available in the households are given below.

Drought Milch Young Sheep Pigs Poultry animals animals stocks /Goats birds 237 272 67 1172 126 1715

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Table 5.16: No of livestock in the surveyed household d) Availability of Veterinary Services in the Village

Out of the total 19 number of project affected village the arrangement of veterinary hospital is available in the village Phulwaria. All the project affected village and surrounding village get the service from the hospital. Apart from that, there are few veterinary personal also available in the selected village. e) Formal & Informal Work and Employment

Out of total 1866 number of adult member of the project affected household 152 member found as cultivation is the main occupation and 343 person found as agricultural labour is the main occupation. The survey found 40 such female member whose main occupation is cultivation and 87 female member found as agricultural labour as the main occupation out of total 343 agricultural labour in the project area. It was noted during the survey that the casual labour is very small in number. Only 18 casual labour found out of which five are female. Other than that there are 18 people who are engage with the private organisation and 12 found are engage with government service and there is only one female member engaged with the private service. The survey found 26 such person who are doing kind of business in the nearby market in the project affected villages. Beside this there are some person who are engage with some secondary occupation. There are some skilled persons also found in the village like Driver and Welder. Main No of Secondary No of Sl No Male Female Male Female Occupation member Occupation member Agricultural 1 Cultivation 152 112 40 23 18 5 Labour

Agricultural 2 343 256 87 Tuition 12 12 0 Labour Casual 3 18 13 5 Driver 24 24 0 Labour Private 4 18 17 1 Tailor 11 9 2 Service Government 5 12 12 0 Welder 7 7 0 Service 6 Business 26 26 0 0 Table 5.16: Status of employment of the surveyed households f) Migration

Migration due to unavailability of the employment is a severe problem of the project affected village. The survey has found that some of the people migrate seasonally to the nearby urban areas to find jobs. The type of jobs they engage is normally non-agricultural activities or the labour works. Among the 461 surveyed family, 82 such family found who normally migrate for searching jobs. g) Food Security

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

It was reported that generally there is not any scarcity of food in the village as well as in the project affected families. Survey found that from all the household selected in the village there are more than one earning member present. The source of income is always not from the agriculture but also from other non-agricultural sources. All the households have adequate land for agriculture are able to manage their demand of food for round the year. There was not any family reported to have to go without food any day in the entire year.

7. Local Economic Activities a) Formal and Informal Local Industries

The people of the village are mainly dependent on agriculture. There is not any scope of income from the industry as there is not any informal local industries in the villages. b) Access to Credit

In case of need for any loan for purchasing assets like vehicle or for new as well as existing business, the people generally bypass to the local banks. But its need to mortgage some property and guarantor for the loan in the bank. However, in case of need for loan sundry needs like marriages & other social events, agricultural needs, medical needs, these people relied on relatives/friends. c) Wage Rates

The daily wage rate payable to the people working in the area is Rs. 250/- to Rs. 300/-, both to men and women. .

8. Factors that Contribute to Local Livelihoods a) Common Property Resources

There is not any mine or such natural resource available which can be the source of income of the people living in the project area. People are mostly dependent on agriculture and labour work. b) Roads and Transportation

The creation of an infrastructure like roads and transportation system is an essential prerequisite for the socio-economic development of an area. Although it is clear that more provision of transportation facilities by itself does not initiate development, but inadequate transport can serve to limit or restrict growth. The villages are connected with the district road of the area. The national Highway and State highway is more than 10 km away from the village. The major district road is also more than 10 km far from the

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD village. Other than the road communication facilities, the other facilities is also available in the village. Post office and sub post office is available in the village. TABLE 5.17: TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN THE PROJECT VILLAGE

Availabilit Availability Availabilit Availabilit Availabilit Availabilit Availabilit y of Post of y of y of Bus Availability of y of Sub y of y of Post & Telephone Private service Auto/Modifie post Railway office Telegraph s (Land courier (Public & d Autos office stations office lines) facility Private) Yes Yes Yes Yes C Yes B c Source: Census of India - 2011 a- Within 5 km from the village b- Within 5-10 km from the village c- More than 10 km from the village c) Irrigation Facilities

Although the people of the village are mainly dependent on agriculture but rain is the main source of water for it. There is not any irrigation facilities available for the people in the project affected area. d) Access to Markets

The villages are well accessible to the local markets. There are some daily market is there where there are some permanent shops are available. There are some temporary shops are also available in the market. Beside this, local people also sale their products as they produce time to time. e) Tourists Sites There is not any tourist spot in the village or in the immediate vicinity of the village from where the local people can generate revenue from.

f) Livelihood Promotion Programs There is not any livelihood promotional programme running in the village from the government. g) Co-operatives and Other Livelihood Related Associations

There is an agricultural co-operative society present in the village but support from the society is very poor. There are few self-help groups (SHGs) in the village but they are not involved in any income generation activities.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 9. Kinship Patterns and Social & Cultural Organizations a) Kinship Patterns and Women‟s Role in the Family

The society here was patriarchal where the head of the family was a male member. Here the families were primarily nuclear consisting of the father, mother and unmarried children. The married children separated from their parents and set up a separate house and had their own family and cooked food on a separate hearth. The females in area were hard working and were mostly engaged in household work. As such, the major occupation of most of the women in the age group 18-60 years was household work. Some women were also engaged in casual labour work. The women had the responsibility to take care of the family needs within the confines of the house which consumed most of their daily time and included, fetching water from the community hand pumps, cooking, washing, cleaning and taking care of the children b) Social & Cultural Organizations

The family of the project affected village are the smallest social unit. The family in the area are primarily nuclear. The village head of the Hindu presided over all social, religious and cultural decision making. People of the area were divided into a number of exogamous clans, thus marriage within the clan was prohibited. However, endogamy was strictly practiced by the people. The people here followed monogamy. There is a bonding among the members of the clan. The people here majorly called themselves followers of Hindu religion. People here celebrated various festivals based primarily on different agricultural seasons. They also celebrated various Hindu festivals. c) Administrative Organizations

Although traditionally, the people of the area followed the head of the village on all social, cultural and religious matters, for administrative purpose the various departments of the Government and their functionaries at the district and the block level administered the area. With the setting up of the Panchayati Raj System in the State of late, the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the area had also started making their presence felt gradually. d) Political Organizations

There are only few family of the project affected area who are directly involved in the political party ruling in the local government like Panchayet and Block level administration. Mainly the male member of the family are involve. Apart from that, other people and families are not actively part of any political party. However, they did participate in the elections that were conducted for various positions by the Government e) Community Based & Civil Society Organizations

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD There is not any civil society organizations present in the village or not any organisation working in the village from the other village. Although there are some Self Help Group present in the village but the activity of those are limited with the members of the specific group. Their activities is mainly related to the financial transaction not related to any voluntary or developmental activities. f) Regional Dynamics & Historical Change Processes

There is not any industry in the village or adjacent village where people make themselves involve for livelihood activities. Working as casual labour and agriculture is the major source of livelihood for the local population which was primarily less educated or uneducated. With no irrigation facility, irregular monsoon, small land holdings, little investment capacity, less waiting capacity for the crops to harvest played a major role in deciding the lifestyle of the people of the area.

10. Quality of the Living Environment a) Perceptions, Aesthetic Qualities, Attachments and Aspirations

The people inhabiting the village followed traditional ways of living and social habits. The people here primarily work as agricultural labours and live in abject poverty. Large numbers of adults in the village are illiterate or scarcely educated. Due to no or low level of education among them, they were not aware of several initiatives & interventions which were directly linked to their lives and wellbeing, like, awareness about health, personal hygiene, community sanitation, intake of nutritious food, importance of children's education, developmental schemes of the Government, etc. There were many youths who were educated but had no vocational training or additional skill sets to be able to become employable and become socially and economically self-dependent and have an identity of their own. As a result, they lacked confidence. Efforts were required to garner and give direction to the raw energy of the youth in the area so that their constructive contribution to the society was ensured.

b) Settlement Patterns

The villages is divided is some tolas but the tolas are not so far from each other. The houses are mainly made by concrete with roof or without roof. Houses are not so scattered but very close to each other. Houses are constructed mainly both side of the main road and connected village road of the project area. There are large open spaces left at some places. c) Type of Houses

Majority of the families have pucca house in which they live. But there are some house found during the survey is semi-pucca and kuchha. Semi pucca houses area mainly made by bricks but there is not any concrete roof. The roof is covered by asbestos sheet.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD d) Community and Civic Spaces

In the village there is a masque where the people generally people meet. However, this structures is not getting affected due to the proposed land acquisition. There is sufficient open spaces in the village outside the houses of the people as well as common grounds where people gathered on various occasions and children played around. e) Sites of Religious and Cultural Meaning

There are local places of worship in the village where people of the village visited. During the festivals, these places witnessed people coming in groups to worship. The religious sites will not be affected due to the land acquisition for the proposed construction. f) Physical Infrastructure (including water supply, sewage system, etc.) Wells and community hand pumps are the major source of water in the village. There is not any sewage system in the village.

g) Public Service Infrastructure

(i) Availability of Schools in the Village

There is a close relationship between the overall development of an area and living condition of its inhabitants. The living condition of people in an area is largely determined by the quantity, quality and spatial structure of educational institutions besides health and other such amenities. Literacy is a suitable yardstick to measure the level of education in an area. The analysis of availability of educational institutions in the selected villages shows that there are 7 number of pre-primary school in the village along with 27 primary and 12 middle school available in the village. Four secondary schools are also available but there is not any senior secondary school in the selected village. There is not any degree collage or any technical education facilities available in the village. As there is a school which is fallen under the proposed acquire land in the village, it has to shift to other place or the road has to be diversified.

TABLE 5.18: EDUCATIN AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE VILLAGE SELECTED VILLAGES

formal

ee college

-

Primary

-

Pre school(PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School(S) Senior Secondary school(SS) Degr of arts science & commerce Engineering (ASC) college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 7 27 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD (ii) Health Services

Primary Health and Family Welfare Facilities come under the basic minimum need program of the Government. The two most important indicators to assess the status of primary health facilities in the Project Area. There is only 1 primary health centre and one allopathic hospital is available in the selected villages. Maternity and child welfare centre is also available. There are three primary health sub-centre available for this 19 number of project affected village. Apart from that there is a veterinary hospital also found during the survey.

TABLE 5.19: MEDICAL FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN THE PROJECT VILLAGE (as on 2011)

allopathic alternative

y and child

- -

Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternit welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital (HA) Hospital medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) 0 1 3 0 0 1 0 2 1 1 0

Source: Census of India, 2011

(iii) Physical Infrastructure of Anganwadi Centres Anganwadi services under ICDS is available in all the selected villages. The major attraction for the children and their parents to send their children to the Anganwadi Centre is the supplementary food provided there. Routine immunization of the children was also conducted at the Centre by the ANM with the support of the AWW. h) Benefits from Government Schemes

The families were getting benefited from different Government schemes. Around 76 percent families were reported having ration card through which they are getting rice, sugar, wheat, kerosene oil, etc., from the public distribution shop at subsidized rates. Some other Government programs being implemented in the village include — ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme), Government schools for children, Mid-day Meal Program for school children, Scholarship to school children, Job card of MGNREGS, Fair Price Shop under Public Distribution System, Widow Pension Scheme, etc. i) Major Community Institutions

(i) Panchayat Buildings There is not any panchayat building in the project affected village.

(ii) Community Halls

There is not any community hall in the village.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

(iii) Fair Price Shops under Public Distribution System There is a fair price shops in the villages. The fair price shop is not getting affected for the said land acquisition.

(iv) Kirana Shops There are some kirana shop in the village that supply the goods to the people of the village which they need everyday life. All the shops are inside the market place of the village. None of the shop will be affected for the proposed acquisition for the construction of the bypass road.

(v) Ponds

There are few ponds available in the village but not getting affected due to the said acquisition.

(vi) Burial/Cremation Place There are burial/cremation place in the village but there is no superstructure built. None of them are getting affected due to the said land acquisition.

(vii) Safety, Crime, Violence The village is generally quiet place with no major safety concerns pertaining to crime or violence. In general, the society is devoid of criminal activities and there is no fear of violence. People can freely roamed around the place without any threat of crime/violence.

(viii) Social Gathering Points for Women

There are places of worship and community halls where people gathered on various occasions. There are no specific places earmarked in the village as social gathering points for women. They generally socialized by visiting each other’s houses or under the tree near to the open spaces where children played around in the vicinity.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

SOCIAL IMPACTS

1. Framework and approach to identify impacts Social Impact Assessment is an effort to assess in advance the social consequences that are likely to follow a particular action. It is a process that provides a framework for prioritizing, gathering, analyzing and incorporating social information and participation into the design and delivery of developmental interventions. It ensures that development interventions were informed and take into account the key relevant social issues and also incorporate a participation strategy for involving a wide range of stakeholders. With the help of the social impact assessment findings, efforts can be made to work out alternative mitigation measures and possible solutions to potential conflicts. It also assists in having in place a proper monitoring program/team that is capable of identifying deviations from the proposed action, any unanticipated impacts and possible solutions. This would help to track the real impacts and help to compare with the projected ones.

2. Description of Impacts at Various Stages of the Project Cycle

(a) Pre-Construction Phase Due to the construction of the bypass road, no negative impact is foreseen in this stage. As such, due to the land proposed to be acquired in the villages, only 2 families will get displaced. Rest of the families are only losing a part of their land and not their place of residence. All the families will be monetarily compensated for the land lost by them as per the prevailing Government norms. There has not been any significant sale or purchase of land in the area. As a result, the question of land speculation in the area did not arise. There is not any stress of uncertainty in the area on any issue. Adequate information dissipation and community participation from time to time had been undertaken by functionaries related to the construction of the bypass road in the area to mitigate any unfounded fear and uncertainty among the local people associated with the project.

(b) Construction Phase For a typical project, the construction phase involved clearing land, building access roads, developing utilities, etc. Displacement and relocation of people, if necessary, occurred during this phase. As has been mentioned before, there will be displacement of only 2 family due to the construction of the bypass road. As such, major occupation of more than 47 percent of the adult male population in the working age group is non-agriculture labour. There is sufficient labour force available locally and there is no need for immigration of construction work force from outside. The area has a naturally dusty

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD environment and the plants, animals and the humans here had adapted to live in these conditions. Hence, there is no new adverse health impact due to the construction of the bypass road on those who continue to live close to the construction site.

(c) Operation Phase As such, there will not be very huge manpower requirement for the construction phase of the bypass road that a large work force will be required to be brought from places far and wide. Local available manpower will be able to do the required work. There will be several new social and economic benefits that will accrue to the local people due to improved infrastructure, without any change in the social fabric of the area.

(d) De-commissioning Phase There is no question of de-commissioning the bypass road. Hence, no adverse impact on this account.

3 Social Impacts to Different Sections of the Society

(a) Impact on Land, Livelihoods and Income

(i) Level and Type of Employments The project involves construction and requires land and changes in the land use pattern of the project land and its vicinity for the construction of bypass road. In case of this project, the number of village affected is only one. The acquisition of such an area will change the land use by affecting people in terms of change of their place of residence, loss of access to agricultural field, loss of common properties like school. Loss of land may have a direct bearing upon the livelihood of the affected people as the local economy is primarily based on the labour and agriculture. In this project context, there is no much scope of livelihood loss because of the less amount of land acquisition.

(b) Employment Patterns & Income Levels The prevailing major employment option available to the people of the area is non- agriculture labour. Hence, the prevailing employment pattern also suited the total population and opportunity will be available to all in the jobs generated due to the bypass road. The women received payments at the same rate as the men in the area; hence on construction of the bypass road, equal opportunity with equal income levels will be available to all without any discrimination.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD (c) Food Security There was no scarcity of food in the area. No case of starvation was observed and the poor food habit of the area was primarily due to their typical lifestyle deprived of the pertinent awareness & knowledge level of healthy food habit. With no major in-migration expected due to the construction of the bypass road, no food scarcity of any sort was expected in the area.

(d) Standard of Living The current standard of living of the people of the area was poor. This was primarily due to limited employment opportunity prevailing in the area. The land in the area was unfertile and with no irrigation facility available and high cost of agriculture, the people did not cultivate much. Most of them were engaged as casual workers in the local industries. The construction of the bypass road was in no way adversely affecting the employment of large number of people in the area and was not impeding their income. The standard of living of none, directly and indirectly affected persons will be affected adversely.

(e) Access and Control over Productive Resources No productive resources were being taken away from the people of the area nor was anybody being rendered jobless due to the said acquisition. As such there were number of alternative non-agricultural job opportunities available to the local people and the access and control over productive resources of the area would remain unaltered.

(f) Economic Dependency or Vulnerability Since the construction of the bypass road was a relatively fair size job for a limited duration of time of 3 years, there was no major economic dependency or vulnerability due to it in the area.

(g) Disruption of Local Economy Since, the construction of the bypass road was in no way adversely affecting the local economy, there will be no disruption of the same.

(h) Impoverishment Risks There was no case of impoverishment risk due to the construction of the bypass road in the area, since no job or business interest was being adversely affected resulting in loss of only source of income for any family.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD (i) Women’s Access to Livelihood Alternatives No livelihood opportunities of the women in the area were getting adversely affected due to the proposed construction of the bypass road.

4 Impact on Physical Resources

a) Impacts on Natural Resources, Soil, Air, Water, Forests Compare with the total geographical area of the village, acquisition of the land for the construction of the bypass road is very little. So, the land proposed to be acquired for the construction of the bypass road will not impact adversely in any way the natural resources, soil, water of the area. There are not any tree which need to be felled. There is not any forest land proposed to be acquired for the said project.

b) Pressures on Land & Common Property Natural Resources for Livelihoods As stated above, the land proposed to be acquired will be used for construction of the bypass road. Hence, no adverse impact will happen on the common property and natural resources for livelihood in the area.

5 Impacts on Private Assets, Public Services and Utilities a) Capacity of Existing Health and Educational Facilities No such land was proposed to be acquired which housed a health facility in the area.

b) Capacity of Housing Facilities On 2 plots houses have been built which will be lost as they stand on the land area proposed to be acquired. However, as sated earlier, only 2 families were getting displaced. This two household also own another land where they could settle on displacement.

c) Pressure on Supply of Local Services There will be no added pressure on supply of local services as no in-migration was anticipated in the area. The local people will be deployed for the jobs required to be accomplished.

d) Adequacy of Electrical & Water Supply, Roads, Sanitation & Waste Management System Since no in-migration will take place due to the construction of the bypass road, there will not be additional burden on public services and utilities in the area like electrical & water supply, roads, sanitation & waste management system.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

e) Impact on Private Assets Such as Bore Well, Temporary Sheds, etc. There were some assets which were there on the lands proposed to be acquired. 6 Health Impacts a) Health Impacts Due to In-Migration As stated earlier, since there will not be any in-migration due to the construction of the bypass road, no adverse impact on the health of the local people was expected.

b) Health Impacts Due to Project Activities with Special Emphasis on – Impact on Women’s Health and Impact on the Elderly The land required for the construction of the bypass road would serve many public purposes like decongestion of traffic in the area, reduced air and noise pollution and reduced risks of accidents. No adverse impact on the health of any category of persons will occur due to the construction of the bypass road including to women and the elderly.

7 Impacts on Culture, Social Cohesion and Gender based Impacts a) Transformation of Local Political Structures Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no transformation of local political structures.

b) Demographic Changes Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no demographic changes.

c) Shifts in the Economy-Ecology Balance Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no shift in the economy-ecology balance.

d) Impacts on the Norms, Beliefs, Values and Cultural Life Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no impact on the norms, beliefs, values and cultural life. e) Crime and Illicit Activities Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no impact on crime and illicit activities.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD f) Stress of Dislocation Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no stress of dislocation involved.

g) Impact of Separation of Family Cohesion Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no impact of separation of family cohesion.

h) Violence against Women Since no major relocation or in-migration of people was involved in the area, there would be no impact on violence against women.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

ANALYSIS OF COST AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON ACQUISITION

1. Compensation Summary This section of the report presents the laws and regulations in the State of Jharkhand, which are applicable to the Koderma - Jamua bypass road project. A detailed understanding of the provisions mentioned in these legislations will help to identify a suitable legal framework under which rehabilitation of project affected families can be implemented. The applicable laws on land acquisition, rehabilitation, and resettlement of the proposed bypass road project is Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2015. The compensation for the land would be paid @ 400 percent of the prevailing current Circle Rate. The responsibility of distribution of the compensation amount will be of the Office of the Deputy Commissioner of Koderma district.

2. Final Conclusion & Recommendation on Acquisition As stated before, the stretch of land for the proposed bypass road has been identified after a lot of discussions with the experts and after taking into account many factors including minimal acquisition of land, contiguity of the land area required, overlapping of approved alignment of the bypass road proposed in the selected villages. There is no other route for the proposed bypass road is feasible wherein lesser or alternative acquisition of land could be proposed. As part of strengthening the road network in the block for smoother and safer movement of vehicular traffic, a new bypass road was needed to be constructed in the selected villages. This bypass road will circumvent seven village of Koderma Block and twelve village of Domchanch Block. There is no adverse social impact due to the construction of the bypass road. In fact, there are number of benefits that will accrue to all stakeholders involved. After assessing all the factors, the considered opinion of the SIA team is that the proposed acquisition of land for the construction of the bypass road should be carried out.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN

1. Introduction: This Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP) has been prepared to mitigate negative social impacts of Koderma-Jamua Bypass road according to JHLARR 2015. The social Impact Management Plan (SIMP) consists a set of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during the design, construction and operational phases of the project to eliminate adverse social impacts or to reduce them to acceptable levels. The main aim of the SIMP is to ensure that the various adverse impacts are mitigated and the positive impacts are enhanced. The SIMP shall be implemented during the various stages of the project viz. pre-construction stage, construction stage and operational stage. A description of the various management measures suggested during different stages of the project is provided in following section. This chapter deals with bypass to mitigation, measures to avoid or mitigate impacts, compensate for impacts, institutional mechanism and roles and responsibilities of agencies in implementing the social impact mitigation plan (SIMP).

2. Measures to avoid, mitigate and compensate impact: Measures have been taken to minimize the social impacts associated with land acquisition by careful design and planning of the project. To minimize negative impacts various other alignments will explore by the project authority. The present alignment was designed carefully and aligned to avoid residential structures, common properties and productive agriculture lands. However, there may be certain unavoidable impacts which needs to be addressed with a well-designed and people centric mitigation plan to reduce friction between the implementing authorities and community.

3. Resettlement Measures: • After the land acquisition skilled training may be provided to the PAFs who ever are losing their livelihood so that they can earn their living. • During the operational and other stages of this project the preference should be given to the village labour.

4. Bypass to mitigation of social impacts: Recognising the social issues that can arise due to Koderma-Jamua Bypass Road project, a SIMP has been prepared in line with national and state laws and policies. The SIMP for the project is based on: The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2015. Based on the provisions of the RFCTLARR 2015, the following principles will be adopted for mitigation of social impacts of the project: In accordance with the R&R measures suggested for the project, all displaced households and persons will be entitled to a combination of compensation packages and resettlement assistance depending on the nature of ownership rights on lost assets and scope of the impacts including socio-economic vulnerability of the displaced persons and measures to support livelihood restoration if livelihood impacts are envisaged. Unforeseen impacts will also be mitigated in accordance with the principles of the resettlement framework for this project. The displaced persons will be entitled to the following six types of compensation and assistance packages: Compensation for the loss of land, crops/ trees at their replacement cost; Compensation for structures (residential/ commercial) and other immovable assets at their replacement cost; Compensation of loss business/ wage income (temporary and permanent) and income restoration assistance; Alternate housing or cash in lieu of house to physically displaces households not having any house site; Assistance for shifting and provision for the relocation site (if required), and Rebuilding and/ or restoration of community resources/facilities. If there is any dispute between the stakeholders, then this dispute should be resolved first and make sure that the compensation is given to the legal owner. Panchayat should be helped to make programs for the meaningful and productive participation of the elderly into the village life, so that they don’t feel left out and unwanted during the whole process. The villagers fear that with the inflow of compensation money, the usage of intoxicants and drugs will increase, especially among the youngsters. Some primitive measures like social counselling and some reformatory measures like de-addiction should be taken. Efforts should be made for the upliftment of women and marginal sections like OBC categories by ensuring their participation in decision making and enhancing their traditional skills and by developing new skills. Project affected persons has requested for appropriate compensation from the market value and job for their family members.

5. Income restoration activity training: Training on Income generation activities such as tailoring, beauty parlour, computer operating, driving, mobile repair, AC and Fridge repairing, livestock farming, will be provided to the displaced families to take up their alternative livelihood for income generation.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 6. Placement linked training: Placement linked training will be useful to people who have required qualifications but do not possess necessary skills. In case of youth, who do not have qualification and skills, they should be provided with an opportunity to enhance their education qualification along with their skill set. To serve this twin objectives, the interested youth shall be enrolled in the bridge courses (preferably computer oriented) which will help them to integrate with mainstream education/skill training system. At the end of the course, students shall be able to choose their career options according to their preference.

7. Integration of Government schemes: District administration should ensure eligible basic entitlements from the government to all the affected families. The provision of these entitlements will supplement the income of the affected household. Out of 213 households, only 80 families are having MGNREGA job cards. Possession of a job card provides an opportunity for 100 days of wage employment and health card helps the affected families to access treatment from hospitals. This can supplement the income and health of a family. It is advisable to investigate other relevant schemes which can be targeted towards affected families.

8. Environmental Measures:  The policy related to the compensation of trees should be explained clearly and maximum compensation should be paid.  More and more trees should be planted, to reduce the pollution caused during construction and implementation of the project as the noise level will be increased due to the vehicle movement  Local trees should be preferred for plantation instead of alien decorative trees.

9. Relocation of Community Properties: The district administration will make appropriate measures in reconstruction of common properties.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD ANNEXURE-1 Sl No Name of the Village Thana Area of land proposed to be acquire

1 Lokai Kodarma 8.56 2 Indarba Kodarma 4.61 3 Nagarkhara Kodarma 2.51 4 Kodarma Kodarma 2.45 5 Moliyai Kodarma 0.8425 6 Karharia Kodarma 0.96 7 Gendbadiha Kodarma 3.16 8 Domchach Domchach 1.73 9 Nerpur Domchach 3.14 10 Nabada Domchach 0.08 11 Fulbaria Domchach 0.17 12 Purnadiha Domchach 0.42 13 Chainpur Domchach 1.47 14 Mahesupar Domchach 0.26 15 Mahayadiha Domchach 5.3 16 Tetriya diha Domchach 1.43 17 Bisdomoho Domchach 0.38 18 Kharkhar Domchach 1.06 19 Nabalsahi Domchach 0.67 Total area of land proposed to be acquired 39.2025

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD ANNEXURE-2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE

Schedule No.: ……………………. Date: ……………………………………

Village/Mouza: …………………… Para/Mohalla: …………………………..

Section 1: Household Profile

1.1 Name of the Head of Household: ……………………………………………………………………….. Name of Head of HH‟s Father/Husband:…………………………………………………………………

1.2 Name of the Respondent: …………………………………………………….. Relationship to Head of HH: ………………………………………………….

1.3 Religion: 1. Hindu 2. Muslim 3. Christian 4. Sikh 5. 6. Others Buddhist

1. General 2. SC 3. ST 4. OBC 1.4 Caste:

1.5 Mother Tongue: 1. Bengali 2. 3. 4. Others

1.6 Size of the family:Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10+

Male 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10+ Female 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10+

1.7 Type of Family: 1. Joint 2. Nuclear 3. Extended

Section 2: Household Composition Sl. Name of the Person EPIC RelationsSex Age Marital Education Occupational Techni Curren No. No. hip to the (yrs.) Status status cal/ t Head of Vocati Yearly the Level ContinuMain Secon onal Incom Househo completeing dary Skill e ld d (Rs.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 8. 9. 10.

Relation Code : Self – 1, Spouse – 2, Parents – 3, Son/Adopted Son – 4, Daughter/Adopted Daughter – 5. Brother – 6, Sister – 7, Son/Daughter-in-law-8, Brother/Sister-in-law-9, Father/Mother-in-law-10, Uncle/Aunt-11, Nephew/Niece – 12, Grand Parents – 13, Grand Son/daughter – 14, Cousin – 15, Others (specify):………………………………….. – 16. Sex Code : Male – 1, Female – 2 Marital Status : Married – 1, Unmarried – 2, Widow/Widower – 3, Separated/Divorced – 4 Educational Code: Infant – 1, Illiterate – 2, Literate without formal education – 3, Primary – 4, Middle – 5, Secondary – 6, Higher Secondary – 7, Graduate – 8, Post-graduate – 9, Professional/Technical – 10, Others (specify): ………-11 Occupational Status: Cultivation – 1, Agri. Labour – 2, Casual Labour – 3, Artisan – 4, Trade/Business – 5, Govt. Service – 6, Private Service – 7, Household Duties – 8, Unemployed – 9, Retired – 10, Others (specify):……………… - 11

Section 3: Housing Details

3.1 Do you own the house/house plot? (1) Yes (2) No

3.2 If yes, size of house/plot (katha): (1) <1 (2) 1 - 3 (3) 3 -5 (4) 5 -7 (5) 7 -10 (6) >10

Type of House: (1) Thatched Roof (2) Kuchha (3) Kuchha-Pacca (4) Pucca Mixed

3.4 Number of Rooms: 3.5 Overall space availability:

(1) Spacious (2) Small (3) Congested

3.6 Separate kitchen: 3.7 Toilet within / adjacent to house: (1) Yes (2) No (1) Yes (2) No

3.8 Bathroom within house: 3.9 Washing Place within house: (1) Yes (2) No (1) Yes (2) No

3.10 Livestock/cattle shed within boundary: if yes, Area (sq ft): (1) Yes (2) No

3.11 Source of lighting: (1) Kerosene Lamp/Lantern(1) Yes (2) No (2) Electricity (3) Others

3.12 Source of drinking water: (1) Well (2) HP (3) Tap (4) River/Stream (5) Other

3.13 Location of source of DW: If “2”, Distance (km):

(1) Within House (2) Outside House

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Section 4: Land Holding Pattern

4.1 Land Ownership Detail: Name of Land Mode of Mouza Plot No. Area of Land (acres) Owner/Bargada Cultivation* Agricultural Non- Total r Irrigated Non- agricultur irrigated al

* 1: Own; 2: Bargadar a) Registered, b) Non-registered/Pattadar; 3: Sharecropper; 4: Tenants/Sub-tenants

4.2 Cropping Pattern and Income from Land: Season Type of Areas Yield Total Value Cost of Net Quantity Marketable Crops* cultivated (Qt/acre) Output (Rs.) Cultivation Income consumed surplus (in acres) (quintals) (Rs.)** from (quintals) (quintals) land (Rs.) Khariff Rabi Summer * Cereals – 1 Pulses – 2 Vegetables – 3 Oilseeds – 4 Fruits – 5 Others ………… – 6 ** Including cost of seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, irrigation, hired labourers and rent of lease in land, if any.

Section 5: Possession of Livestock Sl No Category Number Sl No Category Number 1 Drought animals 5 Pigs 2 Milch animals 6 Poultry birds 3 Young stocks 7 Others (specify): ………………….. 4 Sheep/Goats

Section 6: Possession of Agricultural Assets (Equipments and Machinery) Sl No Item Number Sl No Item Number 1 Tractor 5 Sprayers/Duster 2 Power Tiller 6 Cart 3 Shallow/SMP 7 Plough 4 Thresher/Hasking 8 Others Machine (specify):……………….

Section 7: Possession of Material Assets Sl No Item Number Sl No Item Number 1 Radio 10 Bio Gas 2 T.V. 11 Telephone 3 VCD/DVD Player 12 Mobile Phone

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 4 Cycle 13 Refrigerator 5 Motor Cycle 14 Computer 6 Four-Wheeler 15 Washing Machine 7 Stove 16 Sewing machine 8 Cooking Gas 17 Mixer Grinder/Juicer 9 Micro Oven/OTG 18 Others (specify)………………..

Section 8: Details of immovable properties likely to be acquired Sl Particulars Numbe Value Sl Particulars Numb Value No r (in Rs.) No er (in Rs.) 1 Fruit trees 4 Ponds 2 Timber trees 5 Pump house/Shade 3 Wells/Bored Wells 6 Others (specify):………..

Section 9: Women and Children

9.1 Family Planning Method

9.1 Family Planning Method:(1) Permanent (2) Temporary (3) Not using

9.2 What type of work, women in household do? (1) (2) (3) Casual (4) Regular (5) Help Male (6) Help (7) Work in (8) Others Household Agricultural labour Service Member Family other Duties labour Traditional Household Work

9.3 Do any women attend literacy center:(1) Yes (2) No

If No, reason:(1) No Center in Village (2) Not Desire (3) Not allowed by (4) Others Male

9.4 Do you have any say in decision making at household level? (1) Yes (2) No

If yes, do you have any say in following matters? Sl Issues Yes -1 Sl Issues Yes -1 No No - 2 No No - 2 1. Financial matters 5. Day to day activities 2. Education of child 6. On social functions & marriages 3. Health care of child 7. Others (specify):……………….. 4. Purchase of assets

Section 10: Health Status

10.1 Where do you and your family members go for treatment of common diseases? (1) Ojha/Fakir (2) Village Quack (3) Pvt. Doctor in Village (4) PHC/Sub Center (5) Pvt. Doctor outside (6) Govt. Hospital (7) Others SUPPORTVillage Page | 67

SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

10.2 Full immunization of children below 5(1) yrs: Yes (2) No

If no, number of children: Male Female Total

Reasons for not immunization …………….

10.3 Was woman of your family given prenatal care? (1) Yes (2) No

If no, reason………………………..

Was there any death of woman/child in your family during delivery in last 3 yrs? (1) Yes (2) No

Is any member of your family handicapped or affected by any serious diseases? (1) Yes (2) No

If yes, indicate the details: Sl No Name of the Patient(s) Type of disability/disease Treatment taken

Allopathic-1; Homeopathic-2; Ayurvedic-3; Traditional-4; No treatment-5

Section 11: General Opinion

11.1 Options of family members (15 – 50 years) regarding income generating schemes/self employment and assistance desired: Sl Name of the person Training* Any other assistance required No for self-employment ** 1 2 3 * Fabrication & Welding-1; Electronic equipments repairing & maintenance-2; Sweets, snacks & food manufacturing-3; Refrigeration & Air-conditioning-4; Auto repairing/servicing-5; Garments making-6; Printing-7; Electrician-8; Beauty, culture & hair dressing-9, Soft toy making-10; Medical & nursing-11; Food processing & preservation-12; Mason-13; Plumber-14; Painting-15; Construction Work-16; Security-17; Industrial production & manufacturing-18; Information & communication technology-19; Retail-20; Hospitality-21; Spinning & weaving-22. ** Financial–1, Guidance–2, Place for Shop/Workshop–3, Others (specify):………………… – 4

11.2 What facilities your village need in order to priority for its development? (1) Link Road (2) School (3) Electricity (4) Drinking (5) Sub (6) Sanitary Water Center/PHC Facility (7) Tree (8) Pharmacy (9) Public Library (10) Adult (11) Community (12) Others Plantation Education Center

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD

11.3 Do you know that your land will be used for industrialization? (1) Yes (2) No

11.4 What do you expect from the industrialization with regard to your family and your village?

11.5 Would you like to be engaged in a non-agricultural occupation? (1) Yes (2) No

If „yes‟, then in what nature of activity? …………………………………………… 11.6 Are you willing to get trained in order to acquire new skills? (1) Yes (2) No

11.7 Are you willing to accept job opportunities outside your village? (1) Yes (2) No

ANNEXURE - 3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY

VILLAGE SCHEDULE

Name of the field investigator Date: Name of the field supervisor Date:

1.1 General Information

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a) Name of the Village/Hamlet/Para b) Name of the Gram Panchayat c) Name of the Block d) Name of the Thana e) Name of the Sub-division f) Name of the District

1.2 Location of the Village/Hamlet/Para

a) Distance from Gram Panchayat Office (in km) b) Distance from Block HQ (in km) c) Distance from Thana (in km) d) Distance from Sub-Division HQ (in km) e) Distance from District HQ (in km) f) Distance from All Weather Road (in km) g) Distance from Fair Weather Road (in km) h) Distance from Bus Stoppage/Ferry Ghat (in km) h) Distance from Railway Station (in km)

1.3 Village Demography

a) Total no. of households

c) Number of BPL Families:

b) Population composition Categories Male Female Total SC ST OBC General Minorities Total

d) Literacy Categories Male Female Total SC ST OBC General Minorities Total

1.4 Facilities Available

a) Education facilities Sl. Particulars Number No. of No. of If No, No. students teachers distance in Km

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 1 Primary School 2 Jr. High School 3 High School 4 Inter College 5 Madrasa 6 Degree College 7 Non-formal Literacy Center 8 ICDS 9 SSK 7 MSK 8 Others (specify)

b) Health facilities Sl. Particulars Number If No, No. Distance in Km 1 Health Sub-Centre 2 Primary Health Centre 3 Gramin Hospital/Sub-divisional Hospital 4 Homeopathic/Ayurvedic/ Allopathic Dispensary 5 Private Medical Practitioners: a) Allopathic b) Ayurvedic/Homeopathy 6 Veterinary Dispensary 7 Pharmacy 8 Diagnostic Center

c) Marketing/Storage facilities Sl Particulars Number If No, No Distance in km 1 Daily Market 2 Weekly Market 3 Wholesale Market 4 Cold Storage 5 Govt. Warehouse/Godown 6 Pvt. Warehouse/Godown 7 Marketing Cooperative Society

d) Food Processing facilities available in the village Sl Particulars Number If No, No Distance in km 1 Rice Hauler 2 Atta Chakki (Flour Mill) 3 Oil Crushers 4 Sugarcane Crusher 5 Others (specify)

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD e) Food Processing facilities available in the village Sl Particulars Number If No, No Distance in km 1 Coal Crusher 2 Stone Chip Crusher 3 Weaving 4 Others (specify)

f) Banking facilities Sl Particulars Number If No, No distance in km 1 Primary Agriculture Cooperative Society 2 Commercial Bank 3 Rural Bank 4 Micro Finance Institute 5 Money Lenders 6 Others (specify)

g) Drinking Water Supply Facilities Sl Particulars Number If no, No distance in km Private Public Total No of Functional 1 Public Hand Pumps/Tube Wells 2 Public Wells 3 Tanks/Ponds 4 Other (specify)

h) Bathing/Irrigation Water Supply Facilities Sl Particulars Total number No. of functional If No, No Distance in Km 1 Shallow 2 SMP 3 Canal 4 River 5 Public Wells 6 Tanks/Ponds 7 Other (specify)

i) Electricity facilities

1. Is electricity available in the village: Yes/No

2. If Yes, Sl Particulars No of households using Rate per unit No electricity 1 Domestic Light and Fan

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 2 Street Lighting (no of poles and points) 3 Irrigation Purposes 4 Commercial Purposes 5 Operation of Small Industrial Units

3. Availability of Renewable Energy: Yes/No j) Communication facilities Sl Particulars Number If No, No Distance in Km 1 Post Office 2 Telegraph Office 3 Public Call Office (STD/ISD Booth) 4 Internet Facilities k) Road facilities Sl Particulars Number If No, No Length in Km 1 Carpet Road 2 Brick Pavement Road 3 Morum 4 Kancha l) Service facilities available Sl No Particulars No. in the village Remarks 1 Barbar 2 Washerman 3 Blacksmith 4 Carpenter 5 Mason 6 Tailor 7 Potter 8 Cobbler 9 Electrician/Helper 10 Milkman 11 Newspaper Vendor 12 Doctor 13 GNM/ANM 14 Aaya/Trained Dhai 15 Lawyer 16 Engineer 17 Tea Shop 18 Pan/Bidi/Cigarette Shop 19 Retail Grocery Shop 20 Vegetable Shop 21 Fair Price Shop 22 Textile Retail Shop 23 Cycle Repair Shop 24 Automobile Repair Shop

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 25 Tractor/Pump-Spare and Repair Shop 26 Electronic Goods Repair Shop 27 Others (specify)

j) Other common property resources Sl No Particulars Number 1 Temple 2 Mancha/Mandap 3 Mosque 4 Church 5 Gurudwara 6 Chaupal 7 Cremation Site 8 Burial Ground 9 Cemetery 10 Orchard 11 Park 12 Community Hall 13 Grazing Land 14 Panchayat Bhavan 15 Club 16 Others (specify)

1.5 Land use Particulars (Data to be collected from Land Revenue Officials) Sl No Particulars Area in Acres (A) Land use Pattern 1 Total Area of the Village 2 Total Irrigated Area 3 Total Unirrigated Area 4 Total Forest Area 5 Total Area not available for Cultivation 6 Total Cultivable Waste Land including Gauchar & Grooves 7 Net Area sown 8 Area sown more than once 9 Total Cropped Area (B) Major Sources of Irrigation 1 Land irrigated by Canals/Rivers 2 Land irrigated by Tube-wells/Deep Tube Wells 3 Land irrigated by Ponds/Tanks 5 Land irrigated by Shallow/SMP

1.6 Important Crops Grown in the Village (i.e. Area under Crops) (Data to be collected from Gram Sevak/Agriculture Extension Officer) Sl No Particulars Area cultivated Irrigated Non-irrigated (in Acres) (in Acres) (in Acres) 1 Rice 2 Wheat

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 3 Barley 4 Jawar/Bajara 5 Maize 6 Arhar 7 Masoor/Moong 8 Gram 9 Peas 10 Oil seeds – Mustard/Linseed 11 Sugarcane 12 Potato/Onion 13 Others (specify)

1.7 Modern Agricultural Implements Sl No Particulars Number 1 Tractor 2 Power Tiller 3 Pumps Set 4 Sprayer/Puddlers 5 Thresher 6 Seed Drills (Bullock drawn) 7 Mould Board Plough 8 Chaff Cutter/Harvester

1.8 Farmers and Agricultural Labourers a) No. of agr. labour households in the village b) No. of marginal farmers c) No. of small farmers d) No. of big farmers e) No. of agricultural labourers f) No. of non-agricultural labourers g) Do you experience any labour shortage for agricultural operations in the village? Yes/No

If Yes, for what operation do you face such shortage? Sl No Name of the Month Prevailing Wage Rate Operation Male Female Children

1 Sowing/Transplanting 2 Interculture 3 Harvesting 4 Transportation 5 Threshing h) Do you experience any surplus for agricultural operations in the village? Yes/No

1.9 Seasonal Migration of Labour Sl No In Migration of Labour Out Migration of Labour

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD 1 No. of persons generally migrating No. of persons generally migrating Male: Male: Female: Female: Total: Total: 2 Months during which they migrate Months during which they migrate 3 Activities for which they migrate Activities for which they migrate 4 Place & distance to which they Place & distance to which they migrate migrate

1.10 Particulars of Trees in the Village Sl Particulars No. in Public Land No. in Private Land Total No 1 Mango 2 Mahua 3 Neem 4 Banyan 5 Sishu 6 Tamrind 7 Jamun 8 Others

1.11 Particulars of Industries

Does the village have any industry? Yes/No If Yes, what type Sl. No. Particulars Number 1 Food Processing Industry 2 Agro-based industry 3 Textile based industry 4 Livestock based industry 5 Forest based industry 6 Chemical based industry 7 Engineering based industry 8 General & Electrical based industry 9 Mineral based industry (Lime & Brick Klins) 10 Urban demand based industry 11 Others (specify)

1.12 Participation in the Government Sponsored Programme (Last Three Years) Sl Name of Year wise no of beneficiaries No Schemes 2005 -06 2006-07 2007-08 SC ST Minority BPL Others SC ST Minority BPL Others SC ST Minority BPL Others (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

1.13 Economic Profile

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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ………………….KODERMA JAMUA BYPASS ROAD Banks 1 No. of Banks 2 Turn over 3 Deposits 4 No. of SB Account holders 5 No. of Kishan Credit Card Holder Post Office 1 No. of Post Offices 2 Turn over 3 Deposits 4 No. of SB Account holders Insurance Agents 1 No. of agents 2 No. of Policy holders 3 Amount of policies taken Other Saving Agents 1 No. of agents 2 No. of people having savings 3 Amount saved

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