A Study of Static Border Security in an Age of Agile and Innovative Threats
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The Need for a Rights-Based Public Health Approach to Australian Asylum Seeker Health Jo Durham1* , Claire E
Durham et al. Public Health Reviews (2016) 37:6 DOI 10.1186/s40985-016-0020-9 REVIEW Open Access The need for a rights-based public health approach to Australian asylum seeker health Jo Durham1* , Claire E. Brolan1,2, Chi-Wai Lui1 and Maxine Whittaker1,3 * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract 1Faculty of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health Public health professionals have a responsibility to protect and promote the right to School of Public Health, The health amongst populations, especially vulnerable and disenfranchised groups, such University of Queensland, Herston as people seeking asylum and whose health care is frequently compromised. As at Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia 31 March 2016, there was a total of 3707 people (including 384 children) in immigration Full list of author information is detention facilities or community detention in Australia, with 431 of them detained for available at the end of the article more than 2 years. The Public Health Association of Australia and the Australian Medical Association assert that people seeking asylum in Australia have a right to health in the same way as Australian citizens, and they denounce detention of such people in government facilities for prolonged and indeterminate periods of time. The position of these two professional organisations is consistent with the compelling body of evidence demonstrating the negative impact detention has on health. Yet in recent years, both the Labour and Liberal parties—when at the helm of Australia’s Federal Government—have implemented a suite of regressive policies toward individuals seeking asylum. This has involved enforced legal restrictions on dissenting voices of those working with these populations, including health professionals. -
Exploring the Relationship Between Militarization in the United States
Exploring the Relationship Between Militarization in the United States and Crime Syndicates in Mexico: A Look at the Legislative Impact on the Pace of Cartel Militarization by Tracy Lynn Maish A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Criminology and Criminal Justice) in the University of Michigan-Dearborn 2021 Master Thesis Committee: Assistant Professor Maya P. Barak, Chair Associate Professor Kevin E. Early Associate Professor Donald E. Shelton Tracy Maish [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8834-4323 © Tracy L. Maish 2021 Acknowledgments The author would like to acknowledge the assistance of their committee and the impact that their guidance had on the process. Without the valuable feedback and enormous patience, this project would not the where it is today. Thank you to Dr. Maya Barak, Dr. Kevin Early, and Dr. Donald Shelton. Your academic mentorship will not be forgotten. ii Table of Contents 1. Acknowledgments ii 2. List of Tables iv 3. List of Figures v 4. Abstract vi 5. Chapter 1 Introduction 1 6. Chapter 2 The Militarization of Law Enforcement Within the United States 8 7. Chapter 3 Cartel Militarization 54 8. Chapter 4 The Look into a Mindset 73 9. Chapter 5 Research Findings 93 10. Chapter 6 Conclusion 108 11. References 112 iii List of Tables Table 1 .......................................................................................................................................... 80 Table 2 ......................................................................................................................................... -
Blueprint for Southern Border Security
Blueprint for Southern Border Security Chairman Michael T. McCaul Committee on Homeland Security U.S. House of Representatives Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Vision for Border Security .............................................................................................................. 3 Achieve Full Situational Awareness ........................................................................................... 3 Develop Outcome Based Metrics ............................................................................................... 5 Enforce Strong Penalties ............................................................................................................. 6 Leverage State, Local and Tribal Law Enforcement .................................................................. 7 Enhance Command and Control ................................................................................................. 7 Engage Internationally ................................................................................................................ 8 San Diego .................................................................................................................................. 10 El Centro ................................................................................................................................... 13 Yuma ........................................................................................................................................ -
In the Shadow of Saint Death
In the Shadow of Saint Death The Gulf Cartel and the Price of America’s Drug War in Mexico Michael Deibert An imprint of Rowman & Littlefield Distributed by NATIONAL BOOK NETWORK Copyright © 2014 by Michael Deibert First Lyons Paperback Edition, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available The Library of Congress has previously catalogued an earlier (hardcover) edition as follows: Deibert, Michael. In the shadow of Saint Death : the Gulf Cartel and the price of America’s drug war in Mexico / Michael Deibert. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7627-9125-5 (hardback) 1. Drug traffic—Mexican-American Border Region. 2. Drug dealers—Mexican-American Border Region. 3. Cartels—Mexican-American Border Region. 4. Drug control—Mexican- American Border Region. 5. Drug control—United States. 6. Drug traffic—Social aspects— Mexican-American Border Region. 7. Violence—Mexican-American Border Region. 8. Interviews—Mexican-American Border Region. 9. Mexican-American Border Region—Social conditions. I. Title. HV5831.M46D45 2014 363.450972—dc23 2014011008 ISBN 978-1-4930-0971-8 (pbk.) ISBN 978-1-4930-1065-3 (e-book) The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence -
An International Analysis of Governmental Media Campaigns to Deter Asylum Seekers
International Journal of Communication 14(2020), 1092–1114 1932–8036/20200005 An International Analysis of Governmental Media Campaigns to Deter Asylum Seekers SARAH C. BISHOP1 Baruch College, The City University of New York, USA In recent years, the governments of the United States, Australia, and Norway have developed and launched informational multimedia campaigns targeted at dissuading unwanted groups of asylum-seeking migrants and have disseminated these media in strategic international locales. This project investigates the visual and textual facets of these deterrence campaigns using critical narrative analysis. Asylum seekers globally occupy a precarious liminal position; this article interrogates the processes of governmentality at work in this liminal space. Specifically, I analyze the ways that government-funded deterrence campaigns offer material directives that (1) discursively bifurcate the nature of the threats posed when individuals seek asylum, and (2) omit requisite information about migrants’ human right to seek asylum, thereby advancing strategic ignorance in their audiences. Keywords: immigration, media, global communication, governmentality, migration deterrence There are currently around 3.5 million asylum seekers across the world—the highest number that the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has ever recorded. In Europe, the number of individuals seeking asylum has increased nearly 4,000% in the last decade, and the rate of arrivals is accelerating (Eurostat, 2019). Displaced individuals often flee to neighboring areas, and about 85% of displaced people reside in developing regions that are often unable to provide the material resources and long-term social services necessary for a high-functioning asylum system (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees [UNHCR], 2018b). -
Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers
Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers Updated June 15, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL30802 Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers Summary The Constitution provides Congress with broad powers over the Armed Forces, including the power to “to raise and support Armies,” “to provide and maintain a Navy,” “to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces” and “to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States.” In the exercise of this constitutional authority, Congress has historically shown great interest in various issues that bear on the vitality of the reserve components, such as funding, equipment, and personnel policy. This report is designed to provide an overview of key reserve component personnel issues. The term “Reserve Component” refers collectively to the seven individual reserve components of the Armed Forces: the Army National Guard of the United States, the Army Reserve, the Navy Reserve, the Marine Corps Reserve, the Air National Guard of the United States, the Air Force Reserve, and the Coast Guard Reserve. The purpose of these seven reserve components, as codified in law at 10 U.S.C. §10102, is to “provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may require, to fill the needs of the armed forces whenever more units and persons are needed than are in the regular components.” During the Cold War era, the reserve components were a manpower pool that was rarely used. -
Combatting Tax Crimes More Effectively in APEC Economies
Combatting Tax Crimes More Effectively in APEC Economies Tax evasion and related financial crime threaten the strategic, political, and economic interests of all countries. Recognising the threat that such illicit financial flows pose to the Asia-Pacific region, APEC Finance Ministers developed the Cebu Action Plan, a road map for a more sustainable Combatting Tax Crimes financial future, calling on all APEC Economies to build their capacity to address financial crimes. To More Effectively in support these efforts, the OECD has developed this report which describes the range of OECD legal instruments, policy tools, and capacity APEC Economies building initiatives available to enhance the fight against tax crime in the Asia-Pacific region, drawing on examples and successful practices in APEC Economies. Combatting Tax Crimes More Effectively in APEC Economies This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the OECD or APEC, or of the governments of their respective member countries. Please cite this publication as: APEC/OECD (2019), Combatting Tax Crimes More Effectively in APEC Economies, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. www.oecd.org/tax/crime/combatting-tax-crimes-more-effectively-in-apec-economies.htm. Photo credits: Cover © The elements in the main cover illustration were adapted from images courtesy of Shutterstock/r.classen and Shutterstock/Anton Balazh. -
Border Security Report
BORDER SECURITY REPORT VOLUME 24 FOR THE World’s border prOTECTION, MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY INDUSTRY MAY / JUNE 2021 POLICY-MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS COVER STORY BUILDING BETTER BORDERS IN SOUTHeast ASIA SPECIAL REPORT AGENCY NEWS SHORT REPORT INDUSTRY NEWS An Unholy Alliance: Links A global review of the Fighting trafficking in human Latest news, views and between extremism and illicit latest news and challenges beings p.26 innovations from the trade in East Africa p.14 from border agencies and industry. p.59 agencies at the border. p.36 2 COMMENT contacts EU’s Southern Borders Under Growing Pressure In its monthly report Frontex has impact on this year’s upturn in migrant Editorial: estimated that the number of illegal numbers. Tony Kingham border crossings at Europe’s external Even when Standing Corps reaches E: [email protected] borders has reached 36,100 in the full strength, ten thousand sounds like first four months of 2021. About a third a lot, but if you divide that number into Assistant Editor: higher than a year ago. three or four working shifts, take away Neil Walker This report suggests that last year, routine days off, holidays, sickness, E: [email protected] irregular migration dropped due to paperwork and training courses, you travel limitations linked to the outbreak are probably left with only hundreds Design, Marketing & Production: of COVID. actually working at any one time, Neil Walker rather than thousands. E: [email protected] But given that illegal border crossings are not subject to COVID travel So, ten thousand doesn’t seem Subscriptions: restrictions, this may not be the whole that many, given the size of the EU Tony Kingham story. -
Senate Committee on Transportation and Homeland Security Interim Report to the 80Th Legislature
SENATE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND HOMELAND SECURITY REPORT TO THE 80TH LEGISLATURE DECEMBER 2006 S ENATE C OMMITTEE ON T RANSPORTATION AND H OMELAND S ECURITY January 2, 2007 The Honorable David Dewhurst Lieutenant Governor P.O. Box 12068 Austin, Texas 78711 Dear Governor Dewhurst: The Senate Committee on Transportation and Homeland Security is pleased to submit its final report, which considers the Committee's seven interim charges and three joint charges to study and report on: · the state's overweight truck fees; · federal actions regarding the Patriot Act on homeland security activities in Texas; · the implementation of SB 9, 79th Legislature, Regular Session; · TxDOT's ability to build, maintain, and relocate rail facilities; · naming of state highways; · TxDOT's programs to increase safety on all state transportation facilities; · monitor federal, state and local efforts along the Texas Mexico border; · relocation of utilities from state owned right-of-way; · process of allocation by the TxDOT Commission through the Allocation Program; · process by which federal funding sources should be implemented by the TxDOT Commission to comply with funding reductions mandated by Congress. Respectfully submitted, Senator John Carona Senator Gonzalo Barrientos Senator Ken Armbrister Chairman Vice-Chairman Senator Kim Brimer Senator Rodney Ellis Senator Florence Shapiro Senator Eliot Shapleigh Senator Jeff Wentworth Senator Tommy Williams P.O. BOX 12068 • SAM HOUSTON BUILDING, ROOM 445 • AUSTIN, TEXAS 78711 512/463-0067 • FAX 512/463-2840 • DIAL 711 FOR RELAY CALLS HTTP://WWW.SENATE.STATE.TX.US/75R/SENATE/COMMIT/C640/C640.HTM Table of Contents Interim Charges............................................................................................................................... 1 Charge 1 -- Overweight Truck Fee Structure................................................................................. -
Managing the Risk of Asbestos at the Border
Managing the risk of asbestos at the border The health risks posed by exposure to asbestos are well known. An Australia-wide ban on the manufacture and use of all forms of asbestos took effect on 31 December 2003. Work Health and Safety (WHS) laws in all states and territories prohibit the supply and unauthorised transport, use, or handling of asbestos. In order to support the domestic ban: Importing asbestos, or goods containing asbestos, to Australia is prohibited under Regulation 4C of the Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956 unless a permission has been granted or a lawful exception applies. Exporting asbestos, or certain goods containing asbestos, from Australia is prohibited under Regulation 4 and Schedule 1 of the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958, unless permission has been granted or a lawful exception applies. Australia is one of the few countries in the Asia/Pacific region that has a comprehensive ban on all six types of asbestos. In many countries, despite the known threat to human health, local standards allow low levels or particular types of asbestos to be used for manufacturing. Goods manufactured outside Australia might be labelled “asbestos free” and still contain low levels of asbestos. Such goods will not be permitted for importation into Australia, except in very limited circumstances. Types of prohibited asbestos Asbestos means the asbestiform varieties of mineral silicates belonging to the following serpentine or amphibole groups of rock forming minerals: actinolite asbestos; grunerite (or amosite) asbestos (brown); anthophyllite asbestos; chrysotile asbestos (white); crocidolite asbestos (blue); tremolite asbestos; or a mixture that contains one or more of the minerals referred above. -
Refugees Welcome? How Germany, Canada, and Australia Respond to Contemporary Migration
Refugees welcome? How Germany, Canada, and Australia respond to contemporary migration Doctoral thesis for obtaining the academic degree Doctor of Social Sciences submitted by Lorenz Wiese (né Neuberger) at the Faculty of Politics, Law and Economics Department of Politics and Public Administration Oral examination date: 1.8.2019 1st supervisor: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Seibel 2nd supervisor: Prof. Dr. Sven Jochem Konstanz, 2019 Konstanzer Online-Publikations-System (KOPS) URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-1xsrf5ls24wry8 Abstract This dissertation studies how three different liberal democracies; Germany, Canada, and Australia, have experienced and reacted to contemporary migration, focusing on asylum seekers and refugees. Conceptually, it assumes that their admission leads to paradoxes for host states’ governmental apparatuses: If these migrants’ reasons to seek new lives outside of their home countries and regions are recognized, they need to be granted protection statuses and thus be ‘welcomed’ to stay temporarily or permanently. As a consequence of public ‘backlashes’ and anxieties, destination countries’ governments have however increasingly attempted to control and restrict their entry. To understand these phenomena, this study explains the underlying incentives and scopes for handling contemporary migratory movements primarily from a governmental top-down point of view. Historical institutionalism helps to understand the path-dependent emergence of certain policies in the context of each state’s particular actor constellations. Approaches taken from public choice theory are adopted to illuminate the connection between societal sentiments, discourses, and domestic political decision- making. Insights from delegation, blame and signaling games are used to complete this picture. Supplemented by expert interviews, the empirical part of this study deciphers the observable political developments, as well as the resulting administrative asylum/refugee regimes in 21st century Germany, Canada, and Australia. -
Bringing It Home: Op Eration Jum P Start Comes to an End
The Magazine of Operation Jump Start ~ Arizona Volume 2: Issue 03, May/June 2008 Bringing It Home: Operation Jump Start comes to an end. Volume 2: Issue 3 -May/June 2008 A desert sentinel is a “guardian of the desert.” This magazine tells the story of our Desert Sentinels, standing watch over the border and those who support Operation Jump Start - Arizona Desert Sentinel is an authorized publication for members of the Department of Defense. Contents of Desert Sentinel are not necessarily the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. Government, the Departments of the Army and/or Air Force, or the Adjutant General of Arizona. Desert Sentinel is published under the supervision of the Operation Jump Start – Arizona, Public Affairs Office, 5636 E. McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85008-3495. To submit articles, photos and content, please email: [email protected] OPERATION JUMP START - ARIZONA Chain of Command Gov. Janet Napolitano FEATURES Commander in Cheif Army Maj. Gen. David Rataczak Raven and Diamondback work together improving state infrastructure.....4 Arizona Adjutant General Medicine is her life, her passion .............................................................................10 Army Col. Robert Centner JTF-Arizona Commander One of the final engineer rotations leaves their mark on OJS...........................12 Air Force Col. Wanda Wright JTF-Arizona Deputy Commander - Air A reluctant hero.........................................................................................................16 Army Col. Don Hoffmeister