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JPM QUARTERLY Jan - Mar ’17 James Mallinson speaks during ‘ Yoga and Yogis: e History of Hatha Yoga in India’ JPM Quarterly alfway through our academic year we have much to celebrate and much to look forward to. While our year-long courses on Indian Aesthetics and Art, Criticism & Theory continue on track, we comHpleted the second iteration of the well-received quarterly Yoga & Tantra course which had renowned specialists, both national and international, sharing their current research with the participants. The second module of the Theoretical Foundations course on "Psychoanalysis: Marx, Freud, Lacan and the Slovenian School" laid the preparatory groundwork for the international conference titled "Fantasies of Capital: Alienation, Enjoyment, Psychoanalysis" which ended on a very high note on the 18th of December with three full days of rich deliberations. Nine renowned theorists and philosophers Raymond Brassier, Lorenzo Chiesa, Joan Copjec, Faisal Devji, Mladen Dolar, William Mazzarella, Aaron Schuster, Slavoj Žižek, and Alenka Zupančič spoke on the intersection of Marxian and Lacanian thought to analyse neoliberalism capital today. The conference was book-ended by seminars - Lorenzo Chiesa on "The Trojan Castle: Lacan on All-Knowledge, Surplus-Enjoyment, and the big Other" and Aaron Schuster on "Debt Drive: Norman O. Brown's Life Against Death " providing the perfect context and a grand finale. Our new Certificate Course on Islamic Aesthetics begins on January 4th when scholars and curators such as Finbarr Barry Flood, Sheila Canby, Marika Sardar, Vivek Gupta and Irina Koshoridze will engage with the diversity of Islamic thought pegging their arguments around text and image, the complexity of the narrative and geographical mobility. Close on the heels is our third iteration of Southeast Asian Art & Architecture. Core thematic issues such as early state formations, kingdoms, religious changes, artistic practice, art and identity, art and politics, kingship and temple, temple iconography and rituals will be covered during this three-month long course. We will also be welcoming the renowned author of political writing and columnist on international affairs, Prof. Timothy Garton Ash, as well as the Lebanese artist and writer Walid Sadek amidst us. All very thrilling and of course extremely satisfying, as we await your visit to our Institute. Season's greetings and A Happy New Year! Rashmi Poddar PhD. Director JPM Quarterly Jan - Mar 2017 1 Outside the Box International Seminar on ‘Symbolism in and Indian Council of Historical Research, New Indian Art, Archaeology and Linguistics’ Delhi, jointly organized an International Seminar Deccan College Postgraduate and Research ‘Symbolism in Indian Art, Archaeology and Institute (Deemed to be University) Literature’ concurrently with the 25th session of the Sponsored by the Indian Council for Historical Indian Art History Congress. The main purpose of Research this Seminar was to discuss the significance of (December 01 - 03, 2016) symbolism in art, archaeology and literature. This André Baptista (Manager | Institute Affairs, JPM) would further enable a holistic reconstruction of cultural history; one, which takes into consideration symbolling activity as envisaged in art, archaeological remains, culture, architecture and texts, as well as cultural, sociological, religious, anthropological, mythological significance with spatial and temporal contexts. Different and wide-ranging themes were discussed. These ranged from topics such as symbolism depicted in prehistoric art, epistemological analysis of ancient belief systems to symbolism of different paradigms of ancient culture, and religious meaning of ancient symbols. Also presented were the contextual analyses of decorative motifs, iconographic and iconological interpretation of architectural and art-historical heritage, symbolism reflected through iconographic and architectural elements, and historiographic analysis of symbolism, folk deities André Baptista during his presentation ‘ Prehistoric Icons and Indices: and their symbolic association. Other discussion Archaeological Evidences for Early Symbolling Activity during the Early Palaeolithic’ points included the mystery of symbols depicted on coins and seals, contextual meaning of religious The Deccan College Post-Graduate and narratives, analytical study of rituals, symmetrical Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Pune analysis of motifs on pottery, symbolic JPM Quarterly Jan - Mar 2017 2 interpretation of landscape, symbolism envisioned lithic industries contemporary to the Early through texts, etymology of symbols, and symbolic Paleolithic. The processes of tool production are interpretation of memorial stones. considered to have adhered to a defined set of Andre Baptista presented a paper Prehistoric rules (procedures) rooted in neuro-muscular Icons and Indices: Archaeological Evidences for memory, and formed a part of a mimetic culture. Early Symbolling Activity during the Early However, the variations reflected in Palaeolithic . As symbols are an inextricable part of reconstructing chaîne opératoire are not only modern human culture and society, his work indicative of general patterns involved in stone tool endeavored to document and understand the production, but also the possible existence of high- evolution of cognitive systems capable of levels of individual variability. This consideration symboling activity by juxtaposing objects from the could dictate a fresh perspective to the processes archaeological record reminiscent of such intent that drive stone tool production. In the light of against models prescribed by cognitive science. archaeological evidence representative of While there exists ample evidence of ‘artistic’ aesthetic sense, these technologies should be representation and symboling activity for the late- examined from not only the situational middle Pleistocene (~150 ka) onwards in the form (environmental, raw material availability, of beads, rock paintings, etc., investigations into requirement), but also the immediate (individual symbolic culture for the Early Palaeolithic period action and input) influences. This micro-level (~1.8 ma – 150 ka) have proven to be a tedious examination of individual knapping episodes would exercise, since the vast expanse of Early in turn signal the rich, albeit quiet, expressions of Palaeolithic cultures aren’t associated with modern the diversity in stone tool quality. humans. The application of theories of semiotics An attempt to reframe our questions from ‘ What and language to understand these cultures could were they thinking,’ to ‘ How were they thinking,’ will therefore be inaccurate. enable a better understanding cognitive evolution. However, a review of select Early Palaeolithic Then perhaps we would be better equipped to objects, with neither discernible utilitarian value, answer the questions dealing with the beginning of nor whose modified form enhances functional culture. When did it pose a challenge to the output provides an interesting alternative. These environment as the key determinant factor in objects seem to facilitate the explication of evolution, more specifically ‘cognitive evolution’? A hypothetical stages for cognitive and cultural balanced model of human cultural evolution can development. This inquiry draws from structures of only be achieved through an unbiased study of the mental modularity propounded by cognitive technological and behavioral components driving science to postulate the possible existence, and the processes of various stone tool industries vis- thereby attempt to take into consideration the à-vis associated objects reflective of aesthetically presence of aesthetic sensibilities in our study of inclined behavior. JPM Quarterly Jan - Mar 2017 3 Indian Aesthetics he Indian Aesthetics Diwali quarter moves evidence and tethering them to the importance of through Jainism, studies the principal Vira Rasa . The Jinas sought no ordinary victory; BraThmanical deities, temple architecture and with the corner stones of forbearance and penance Tantra, before beginning the exploration of Islam they conquered the senses and attained and is augmented by several scholars’ experience enlightenment leading to ‘nirvana’. Later thinkers, in the field. influenced by contemporary ideas, altered the Using images drawn from her personal doctrine of the Jinas to attract new followers. The research, Dr. Viraj Shah steered the class through Jain pantheon came to include folk and agrarian the myths, iconography and philosophy of Jainism, deities and popular heroes, moving from a non- building her lectures on texts and material theistic philosophy to one where a plethora of Detail of Adinatha Temple at Ranakpur | circa 15th cent. C.E. JPM Quarterly JNanew - sMletatre r2 O01c7t-Dec 2014 4 deities are worshipped for specific material benefits which cannot be granted by the ascetic Jinas. There is no evidence that the more esoteric tantric practices entered the faith. The individualistic goal of the non-violent Jain ascetics was to attain tranquility and detachment, which Dr. Shah related to Shanta Rasa . Dr. Kirit Mankodi explored Shiva and Vishnu, marginal gods that became principle deities. The presentation of sculptural evidence and texts covered many objects, sites and several types of iconography in tracing the multiple strands contributing to the development of each deity. The erotic, local, tribal, as well as fierce aspects of Shiva’s personality combined with yogi-like asceticism makes
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