True Flies (Insecta: Diptera) from The
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Spatiotemporal Pattern of Phenology Across Geographic Gradients in Insects
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2017 Spatiotemporal pattern of phenology across geographic gradients in insects Khelifa, Rassim Abstract: Phenology – the timing of recurrent biological events – influences nearly all aspects of ecology and evolution. Phenological shifts have been recorded in a wide range of animals and plants worldwide during the past few decades. Although the phenological responses differ between taxa, they may also vary geographically, especially along gradients such as latitude or elevation. Since changes in phenology have been shown to affect ecology, evolution, human health and the economy, understanding pheno- logical shifts has become a priority. Although phenological shifts have been associated with changes in temperature, there is still little comprehension of the phenology-temperature relationship, particularly the mechanisms influencing its strength and the extent to which it varies geographically. Such ques- tions would ideally be addressed by combining controlled laboratory experiments on thermal response with long-term observational datasets and historical temperature records. Here, I used odonates (drag- onflies and damselflies) and Sepsid scavenger flies to unravel how temperature affects development and phenology at different latitudes and elevations. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide essential knowledge on the factors driving the spatiotemporal phenological dynamics by (1) investigating how phenology changed in time and space across latitude and elevation in northcentral Europe during the past three decades, (2) assessing potential temporal changes in thermal sensitivity of phenology and (3) describing the geographic pattern and usefulness of thermal performance curves in predicting natural responses. -
Wing Polymorphism in European Species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)
ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Published 17.xii.2012 Volume 52( 2), pp. 535–558 ISSN 0374-1036 Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) Jindřich ROHÁČEK Slezské zemské muzeum, Tyršova 1, CZ-746 46 Opava, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The wing polymorphism is described in 8 European species of Sphae- roceridae (Diptera), viz. Crumomyia pedestris (Meigen, 1830), Phthitia spinosa (Collin, 1930), Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), Pullimosina meijerei (Duda, 1918), Puncticorpus cribratum (Villeneuve, 1918), Spelobia manicata (Richards, 1927), Spelobia pseudonivalis (Dahl, 1909) and Terrilimosina corrivalis (Ville- neuve, 1918). These cases seem to belong to three types of alary polymorphism: i) species with separate macropterous and brachypterous forms – Crumomyia pedestris, Pteremis fenestralis, Pullimosina meijerei; ii) species with a continual series of wing forms ranging from brachypterous to macropterous – Puncticor- pus cribratum, Spelobia pseudonivalis, Terrilimosina corrivalis; iii) similar to the foregoing type but with only slightly reduced wing in the brachypterous form – Phthitia spinosa, Spelobia manicata. The variability of venation of wing polymorphic and brachypterous species of the West-Palaearctic species of Sphaeroceridae was examined and general trends in the reduction of veins during evolution are defi ned. These trends are found to be different in Copromyzinae (C. pedestris) and Limosininae (all other species) where 6 successive stages of reduction are recognized. The fi rst case of a specimen (of Pullimosina meije- rei) with unevenly developed wings (one normal, other reduced) is described in Sphaeroceridae. Causes of the origin of wing polymorphism, variability of wing polymorphic populations depending on geographical and climatic factors, importance of wing polymorphism in the evolution of brachypterous and apterous species and the probable genetic background of wing polymorphism in European species are discussed. -
Serpentine Leaf Miner
Fact sheet Serpentine leafminer What is Serpentine leafminer? Serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza huidobrensis) is a small fly whose larvae feed internally on plant tissue, particularly the leaf. Feeding of the larvae disrupts photosynthesis and reduces the quality and yield of plants. This pest has a wide host range, including many economically important vegetable, cut flower and grain crops. What does it look like? The black flies are just visible (1-2.5 mm in length) Central Science Laboratory, Harpenden Archive, British Crown, Bugwood.org and have yellow spots on the head and thorax. Leaf The small adult fly is predominately black with some yellow markings mines caused by larval feeding are usually white with dampened black and dried brown areas. These are typically serpentine or irregular shape, and increase in size as the larvae mature. Damage to the plant is caused in several ways: • Leaf stippling resulting from females feeding or laying eggs. • Internal mining of the leaf by the larvae. • Secondary infection by pathogenic fungi that enter through the leaf mines or puncture wounds. • Mechanical transmission of viruses. Merle Shepard, Gerald R.Carner, and P.A.C Ooi, Bugwood.org Ooi, P.A.C and R.Carner, Gerald Shepard, Merle Serpentine mines on an onion leaf caused by the feeding What can it be confused with? larvae Australia has a large number of Agromyzidae flies that look similar to the Serpentine leafminer, however these rarely attack economically important species. What should I look for? A Serpentine leafminer infestation would most likely be detected through the presence of the mines in leaf tissue. -
British Museum (Natural History)
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Darwin's Insects Charles Darwin 's Entomological Notes Kenneth G. V. Smith (Editor) Historical series Vol 14 No 1 24 September 1987 The Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), instituted in 1949, is issued in four scientific series, Botany, Entomology, Geology (incorporating Mineralogy) and Zoology, and an Historical series. Papers in the Bulletin are primarily the results of research carried out on the unique and ever-growing collections of the Museum, both by the scientific staff of the Museum and by specialists from elsewhere who make use of the Museum's resources. Many of the papers are works of reference that will remain indispensable for years to come. Parts are published at irregular intervals as they become ready, each is complete in itself, available separately, and individually priced. Volumes contain about 300 pages and several volumes may appear within a calendar year. Subscriptions may be placed for one or more of the series on either an Annual or Per Volume basis. Prices vary according to the contents of the individual parts. Orders and enquiries should be sent to: Publications Sales, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England. World List abbreviation: Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (hist. Ser.) © British Museum (Natural History), 1987 '""•-C-'- '.;.,, t •••v.'. ISSN 0068-2306 Historical series 0565 ISBN 09003 8 Vol 14 No. 1 pp 1-141 British Museum (Natural History) Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD Issued 24 September 1987 I Darwin's Insects Charles Darwin's Entomological Notes, with an introduction and comments by Kenneth G. -
Recent Noteworthy Findings of Fungus Gnats from Finland and Northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae)
Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Taxonomic paper Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae) Jevgeni Jakovlev†, Jukka Salmela ‡,§, Alexei Polevoi|, Jouni Penttinen ¶, Noora-Annukka Vartija# † Finnish Environment Insitutute, Helsinki, Finland ‡ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Rovaniemi, Finland § Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland | Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia ¶ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Jyväskylä, Finland # Toivakka, Myllyntie, Finland Corresponding author: Jukka Salmela ([email protected]) Academic editor: Vladimir Blagoderov Received: 10 Feb 2014 | Accepted: 01 Apr 2014 | Published: 02 Apr 2014 Citation: Jakovlev J, Salmela J, Polevoi A, Penttinen J, Vartija N (2014) Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Abstract New faunistic data on fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea excluding Sciaridae) from Finland and NW Russia (Karelia and Murmansk Region) are presented. A total of 64 and 34 species are reported for the first time form Finland and Russian Karelia, respectively. Nine of the species are also new for the European fauna: Mycomya shewelli Väisänen, 1984,M. thula Väisänen, 1984, Acnemia trifida Zaitzev, 1982, Coelosia gracilis Johannsen, 1912, Orfelia krivosheinae Zaitzev, 1994, Mycetophila biformis Maximova, 2002, M. monstera Maximova, 2002, M. uschaica Subbotina & Maximova, 2011 and Trichonta palustris Maximova, 2002. Keywords Sciaroidea, Fennoscandia, faunistics © Jakovlev J et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
Britain's Robberflies – Diptera Asilidae
Britain’s Robberflies – Diptera Asilidae Malcolm Smart Asilidae – the BIG CATS of the Diptera World Adults exclusively carnivorous predators of other insects – mostly other Diptera Larvae where known are also believed to be predatory What distinguishes a Robber Fly (an Asilid) from other Diptera ??? Example based on drawings and photos of Philonicus albiceps notch Two primary characters: * Eyes separated in both sexes by a deep notch at the top of mystax the head. * There is a central clump of down-curved bristles on the face above the upper mouth edge (called the mystax). Typically large and robust Diptera with elongated bodies . The proboscis is rigid and adapted for piercing insect cuticle. Asilidae species count with examples World Britain VCs surrounding Bedford Bedfordshire VC 7000+ 29 18 13 World distribution of Asilidae Genera and Species (after F. Geller-Grim) An introduction to the British Asilidae fauna compiled using data primarily from the following sources Data held by the Soldierflies and Allies Recording Scheme run by & Distribution maps derived from it at October 2016 (15900 Asilidae records) Photographs of Asilidae submitted to Facebook for identification or comment by: Lester Wareham, Mo Richards, Graham Dash, Martin Parr, Graham Brownlow, Mark Welch Albums of Asilidae photographs submitted for public scrutiny by wildlife/ dipterist specialists: Steven Falk, Janet Graham, Ian Andrews, Gail Hampshire Pictures offered by or requested from: Nigel Jones, Martin Harvey, Alan Outen, Mike Taylor, Tim Ransom, Tim Hodge, Fritz -
West Palaearctic Species of the Genus Eloeophila (Diptera: Limoniidae)
Eur. J. Entomol. 106: 425–440, 2009 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1470 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) West Palaearctic species of the genus Eloeophila (Diptera: Limoniidae) JAROSLAV STARÝ Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Faculty of Science of the Palacký University, tĜ. Svobody 26, CZ-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Diptera, Limoniidae, Eloeophila, West Palaearctic, taxonomy, redescriptions, new synonymy, lectotype designation, new species, new records, distribution, key Abstract. A review of West Palaearctic species of the genus Eloeophila Rondani, 1856 is presented. Three species are redescribed, viz. E. czernyi (Strobl in Czerny & Strobl, 1909), E. laciniata (Edwards, 1928), and E. pusilla (Kuntze, 1920). A lectotype of the latter is designated. Eloeophila albofascia (Alexander, 1975) is established as a new junior synonym of E. apicata (Loew, 1871). Descriptions are provided of E. bipartita sp. n. (North Italy), E. delmastroi sp. n. (North Italy), E. lucasi sp. n. (South Italy and Sicily), E. maroccana sp. n. (Morocco, Spain), E. martinovskyi sp. n. (South Italy), E. minor sp. n. (Czech Republic, Slovakia), E. pectinistylus sp. n. (Spain), E. punctulata sp. n. [Cyprus, Greece (Crete)], E. sparsipunctum sp. n. (Bulgaria), and E. tigricosta sp. n. (Spain). A key to males of all West Palaearctic species is presented. INTRODUCTION pendicular distance between the anterior and posterior Eloeophila Rondani, 1856 is a moderately large and margins of a wing. Photographs were taken with a digital widely distributed genus of the subfamily Limnophilinae, camera attached to a stereoscopic microscope. comprising 77 species-group taxa found throughout the The following acronyms of museums and collections Palaearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental regions are used in the text: BMNH – The Natural History (Oosterbroek, 2008). -
Notable Invertebrates Associated with Fens
Notable invertebrates associated with fens Molluscs (Mollusca) Vertigo moulinsiana BAP Priority RDB3 Vertigo angustior BAP Priority RDB1 Oxyloma sarsi RDB2 Spiders and allies (Arachnida:Araeae/Pseudoscorpiones) Clubiona rosserae BAP Priority RDB1 Dolomedes plantarius BAP Priority RDB1 Baryphyma gowerense RDBK Carorita paludosa RDB2 Centromerus semiater RDB2 Clubiona juvensis RDB2 Enoplognatha tecta RDB1 Hypsosinga heri RDB1 Neon valentulus RDB2 Pardosa paludicola RDB3 Robertus insignis RDB1 Zora armillata RDB3 Agraecina striata Nb Crustulina sticta Nb Diplocephalus protuberans Nb Donacochara speciosa Na Entelecara omissa Na Erigone welchi Na Gongylidiellum murcidum Nb Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata Na Hypomma fulvum Na Maro sublestus Nb Marpissa radiata Na Maso gallicus Na Myrmarachne formicaria Nb Notioscopus sarcinatus Nb Porrhomma oblitum Nb Saloca diceros Nb Sitticus caricis Nb Synageles venator Na Theridiosoma gemmosum Nb Woodlice (Isopoda) Trichoniscoides albidus Nb Stoneflies (Plecoptera) Nemoura dubitans pNotable Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata ) Aeshna isosceles RDB 1 Lestes dryas RDB2 Libellula fulva RDB 3 Ceriagrion tenellum N Grasshoppers, crickets, earwigs & cockroaches (Orthoptera/Dermaptera/Dictyoptera) Stethophyma grossum BAP Priority RDB2 Now extinct on Fenland but re-introduction to undrained Fenland habitats is envisaged as part of the Species Recovery Plan. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa BAP Priority RDB1 (May be extinct on Fenland sites, but was once common enough on Fenland to earn the local vernacular name of ‘Fen-cricket’.) -
Diptera) Diversity in a Patch of Costa Rican Cloud Forest: Why Inventory Is a Vital Science
Zootaxa 4402 (1): 053–090 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2FAF702-664B-4E21-B4AE-404F85210A12 Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science ART BORKENT1, BRIAN V. BROWN2, PETER H. ADLER3, DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM4, KEVIN BARBER5, DANIEL BICKEL6, STEPHANIE BOUCHER7, SCOTT E. BROOKS8, JOHN BURGER9, Z.L. BURINGTON10, RENATO S. CAPELLARI11, DANIEL N.R. COSTA12, JEFFREY M. CUMMING8, GREG CURLER13, CARL W. DICK14, J.H. EPLER15, ERIC FISHER16, STEPHEN D. GAIMARI17, JON GELHAUS18, DAVID A. GRIMALDI19, JOHN HASH20, MARTIN HAUSER17, HEIKKI HIPPA21, SERGIO IBÁÑEZ- BERNAL22, MATHIAS JASCHHOF23, ELENA P. KAMENEVA24, PETER H. KERR17, VALERY KORNEYEV24, CHESLAVO A. KORYTKOWSKI†, GIAR-ANN KUNG2, GUNNAR MIKALSEN KVIFTE25, OWEN LONSDALE26, STEPHEN A. MARSHALL27, WAYNE N. MATHIS28, VERNER MICHELSEN29, STEFAN NAGLIS30, ALLEN L. NORRBOM31, STEVEN PAIERO27, THOMAS PAPE32, ALESSANDRE PEREIRA- COLAVITE33, MARC POLLET34, SABRINA ROCHEFORT7, ALESSANDRA RUNG17, JUSTIN B. RUNYON35, JADE SAVAGE36, VERA C. SILVA37, BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR38, JEFFREY H. SKEVINGTON8, JOHN O. STIREMAN III10, JOHN SWANN39, PEKKA VILKAMAA40, TERRY WHEELER††, TERRY WHITWORTH41, MARIA WONG2, D. MONTY WOOD8, NORMAN WOODLEY42, TIFFANY YAU27, THOMAS J. ZAVORTINK43 & MANUEL A. ZUMBADO44 †—deceased. Formerly with the Universidad de Panama ††—deceased. Formerly at McGill University, Canada 1. Research Associate, Royal British Columbia Museum and the American Museum of Natural History, 691-8th Ave. SE, Salmon Arm, BC, V1E 2C2, Canada. Email: [email protected] 2. -
Diptera; Diadocidiidae and Mycetophilidae)
Fungus gnats from Jostedalen, West Norway (Diptera; Diadocidiidae and Mycetophilidae) GEIR E. E. SBLI Snli, G. E. E. 1994. Fungus gnats from Jostedalen, West Norway (Diptera: Diadocidi- idae and Mycetophilidae). Fauna norv. Ser. B 41: 1-12. During a study of terrestrial invertebrates in Jostedalen in 1988, more than 3.000 specimens of fungus gnats were caught. 214 species were recognized, belonging to the families Diadocidiidae and Mycetophilidae. The number of species in Jostedalen is exceptionally high when compared to number of species recorded from other local areas in Europe. The genus Drepanocercus (Vockeroth, 1980) is recorded for the first time from the Palaearctic region. Other rare species are Mycomya simulans Vaisanen, 1984, Acnemia falcata Zaitzev, 1982, Zygom.via pseudohumeralis Caspers, 1980, Anatella aquila Zaitsev, 1989. A. fungina Plassmann, 1984, Exechia subfrigida Las- tovka & Matila, 1974. Exechiopsis dryaspagensis Chandler. 1977 and E. pseudopul- chella (Lundstrom, 1909). Twenty species could not be identified, half of which undoubtly represent undescribed species. The fauna of Norwegian fungus gnats is poorly documented, and most species recorded here are new to Norway. According to the present knowledge on the distribution of fungus gnats, the fauna in Jostedalen seems to have an affinity to the central/eastern Palaearctic fauna, and has more species in common with the Finnish fauna than with the British. Geir E. E. Snli, Museum of Zoology, University of Bergen, Musiplass 3, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. INTRODUCTION The river Jostedola has its origin in the gla- dae, Sciardae and Mycetophilidae. Fungus cier Jostedalsbreen, the largest ice cap on the gnats are distributed all over the world, but European mainland, and runs through the their taxonomy, biology and biogeography valley Jostedalen. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, Version 2018-07-24
Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2018-07-24 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff July 24, 2018 2 Cover image: map of 16,213 georeferenced occurrence records included in the checklist. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Native species 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 55 Vascular Plants........................................................ 91 Bryophytes ..........................................................164 Other Plants .........................................................171 Chromista...........................................................171 Fungi .............................................................173 Protozoans ..........................................................186 Non-native species 187 Vertebrates ..........................................................187 Invertebrates .........................................................187 Vascular Plants........................................................190 Extirpated species 207 Vertebrates ..........................................................207 Vascular Plants........................................................207 Change log 211 References 213 Index 215 3 Introduction Purpose to avoid implying