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The Standardisation of African Languages Michel Lafon, Vic Webb
The Standardisation of African Languages Michel Lafon, Vic Webb To cite this version: Michel Lafon, Vic Webb. The Standardisation of African Languages. Michel Lafon; Vic Webb. IFAS, pp.141, 2008, Nouveaux Cahiers de l’Ifas, Aurelia Wa Kabwe Segatti. halshs-00449090 HAL Id: halshs-00449090 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00449090 Submitted on 20 Jan 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Standardisation of African Languages Language political realities CentRePoL and IFAS Proceedings of a CentRePoL workshop held at University of Pretoria on March 29, 2007, supported by the French Institute for Southern Africa Michel Lafon (LLACAN-CNRS) & Vic Webb (CentRePoL) Compilers/ Editors CentRePoL wishes to express its appreciation to the following: Dr. Aurelia Wa Kabwe-Segatti, Research Director, IFAS, Johannesburg, for her professional and material support; PanSALB, for their support over the past two years for CentRePoL’s standardisation project; The University of Pretoria, for the use of their facilities. Les Nouveaux Cahiers de l’IFAS/ IFAS Working Paper Series is a series of occasional working papers, dedicated to disseminating research in the social and human sciences on Southern Africa. -
Al-Ghazali's Integral Epistemology: a Critical Analysis of the Jewels of the Quran
American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 6-1-2017 Al-Ghazali's integral epistemology: A critical analysis of the jewels of the Quran Amani Mohamed Elshimi Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Elshimi, A. (2017).Al-Ghazali's integral epistemology: A critical analysis of the jewels of the Quran [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/618 MLA Citation Elshimi, Amani Mohamed. Al-Ghazali's integral epistemology: A critical analysis of the jewels of the Quran. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/618 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. School of Humanities and Social Sciences Al-Ghazali’s Integral Epistemology: A Critical Analysis of The Jewels of the Quran A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Arab and Islamic Civilization in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Amani Elshimi 000-88-0001 under the supervision of Dr. Mohamed Serag Professor of Islamic Studies Thesis readers: Dr. Steffen Stelzer Professor of Philosophy, The American University in Cairo Dr. Aliaa Rafea Professor of Sociology, Ain Shams University; Founder of The Human Foundation NGO May 2017 Acknowledgements First and foremost, Alhamdulillah - my gratitude to God for the knowledge, love, light and faith. -
'Ja-Nee. No, I'm Fine': a Note on YES and NO in South Africa 69
Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 48, 2017, 67-86 doi: 10.5774/48-0-281 ‘Ja-nee. No, I'm fine’: A note on YES and NO in South Africa Theresa Biberauer Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Marie-Louise van Heukelum General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Email: [email protected] Lalia Duke General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Email: [email protected] Abstract This paper considers some unusual uses of NO and YES observed in South African English (SAE) and other languages spoken in South Africa. Our objective is to highlight the fundamentally speaker-hearer-oriented nature of many of these elements, and to offer a formal perspective on their use. We also aim to highlight the value of pursuing more detailed investigations of these and other perspectival elements employed in SAE and other languages spoken in South Africa. Keywords: negation, affirmation, speaker-hearer perspective, clause structure, pragmaticalisation 1. Introduction1 Our point of departure in this note is the peculiarity of South African English (SAE) illustrated in (1): (1) A: How are you? 1 This paper had its origins in a lively discussion, in which Johan Oosthuizen also participated, during the first author's 2017 Honours Syntax seminar. We thank the participants in that class and also the audience at SAMWOP 6, held in Stellenbosch (30 November - 3 December 2017) for their comments and questions on a paper with partly similar content, in particular Alex Andrason, Robyn Berghoff, Kate Huddlestone, Bastian Persohn, Johan Oosthuizen, Erin Pretorius, Kristina Riedel, Andrew van der Spuy, Tarald Taraldsen and Jochen Zeller. -
9789004165403.Pdf
The Arabic Manuscript Tradition Supplement Handbook of Oriental Studies Section 1, The Near and Middle East Editors H. Altenmüller B. Hrouda B.A. Levine R.S. O’Fahey K.R. Veenhof C.H.M. Versteegh VOLUME 95 The Arabic Manuscript Tradition A Glossary of Technical Terms and Bibliography – Supplement By Adam Gacek LEIDEN • BOSTON 2008 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gacek, Adam. The Arabic manuscript tradition : a glossary of technical terms and bibliography : supplement / by Adam Gacek. p. cm. — (Handbook of Oriental studies. Section 1, the Near and Middle East) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-16540-3 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Manuscripts, Arabic—History—Bibliography. 2. Codicology—Dictionaries. 3. Arabic language—Dictionaries—English. 4. Paleography, Arabic—Bibliography. I. Title. II. Series. Z6605.A6G33 2001 Suppl. 011'.31—dc22 2008005700 ISSN 0169–9423 ISBN 978 90 04 16540 3 Copyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS CONTENTS Transliteration table ....................................................................... -
The History of Implementation of Pilgrimage in the Pagan Era
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 2017, Vol. 7, No. 12 ISSN: 2222-6990 The History of Implementation of Pilgrimage in the Pagan Era 1Rizalman Muhammad, 2Faiz Hakimi Mat Idris, 3Kamaliah Salleh, 2Ahmad Zahid Salleh, 2Mohamad Zaidin Mohamad 1Institut Pendidikan Guru, Ipoh Campus, Malaysia 2Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, UniSZA, Malaysia 3Faculty of Law, Accountancy & International Relations, UniSZA, Malaysia Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3636 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3636 Abstract The first pilgrimage performed by the Prophet Abraham which was in the 20th century BC had eventually been mixed with polytheism and heresy elements before Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) was sent to this world. In this regard, this article aims to reveal the ritual of the hajj in the ancient Arab society which is different from the current practice of Muslims nowadays. This article is a qualitative study using content analysis. The finding reveals that although Arab community remained to believe in Allah, but in view to the long gap between the two ages of Prophet Abraham and Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.), they had mixed up the implementation of a true and wrong rituals in their pilgrimage. Keywords: Pilgrimage, Pagan Arabs, Kaaba, Mecca Introduction The term Jahiliyyah is derived from jahl which connotes a description of pre-Islamic Arab society who were ignorance of the God, the prophets, the way of life, and who were also arrogantly and imperiously proud of their lineage (Ibn Manzur n.d.). It was a dark age of the Arab history with the absence of divine light to guide their faith, and their lives were fully deviated and strayed from the religious method. -
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Mohammad Raisur Rahman certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India Committee: _____________________________________ Gail Minault, Supervisor _____________________________________ Cynthia M. Talbot _____________________________________ Denise A. Spellberg _____________________________________ Michael H. Fisher _____________________________________ Syed Akbar Hyder Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India by Mohammad Raisur Rahman, B.A. Honors; M.A.; M.Phil. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August 2008 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the fond memories of my parents, Najma Bano and Azizur Rahman, and to Kulsum Acknowledgements Many people have assisted me in the completion of this project. This work could not have taken its current shape in the absence of their contributions. I thank them all. First and foremost, I owe my greatest debt of gratitude to my advisor Gail Minault for her guidance and assistance. I am grateful for her useful comments, sharp criticisms, and invaluable suggestions on the earlier drafts, and for her constant encouragement, support, and generous time throughout my doctoral work. I must add that it was her path breaking scholarship in South Asian Islam that inspired me to come to Austin, Texas all the way from New Delhi, India. While it brought me an opportunity to work under her supervision, I benefited myself further at the prospect of working with some of the finest scholars and excellent human beings I have ever known. -
The Social Meaning of Eh in Canadian English∗
THE SOCIAL MEANING OF EH IN CANADIAN ENGLISH∗ Derek Denis University of Toronto 1. Introduction. The recent surge in sociolinguistic investigation of pragmatic markers such as general extenders (and stuff, and things like that), discourse and quotative like, and utterance final tags (right, you know) has been primarily fuelled by questions about grammaticalization and language change (D’Arcy 2005; Tagliamonte and D’Arcy 2007; Cheshire 2007; Tagliamonte and Denis 2010; Pichler and Levey 2011; Denis and Tagliamonte pear). Included in that set of pragmatic markers is eh, a very special variant (at least for Canadians). In this paper, I build on earlier work (Avis 1972; Johnson 1976; Gibson 1977; Gold 2005, 2008) and discuss the development of this very Canadian feature in terms of indexical order and indexi- cal change, along the lines of Silverstein’s seminal 2003 paper and Johnstone and Kiesling’s (Johnstone and Kiesling 2008; Johnstone 2009) work on Pittsburghese, which applies Silverstein’s framework. Although eh is well-known as the quintessential Canadian English stereo- type, there has been little research that discusses how exactly it came to hold this status. By tracking the points in time at which eh gained meanings at subse- quent orders of indexicality, a` la Silverstein (1993, 2003) and Johnstone (2009), I establish a timeline of the development of eh’s social meaning in Canada. My arguments draw on evidence based on the metadiscourse surrounding eh, perfor- mances of Canadian identity, real- and apparent-time data that tracks the usage of eh in Southern Ontario English over the last 130 years (Tagliamonte 2006; Denis 2012) and the commodification of eh. -
MEVLANA JALALUDDİN RUMİ and SUFISM
MEVLANA JALALUDDİN RUMİ and SUFISM (A Dervish’s Logbook) Mim Kemâl ÖKE 1 Dr. Mim Kemâl ÖKE Mim Kemal Öke was born in Istanbul in 1955 to a family with Central Asian Uygur heritage. Öke attended Şişli Terakki Lyceum for grade school and Robert College for high school. After graduating from Robert College in 1973, he went to England to complete his higher education in the fields of economics and history at Cambridge University. He also specialized in political science and international relations at Sussex, Cambridge, and Istanbul universities. In 1979 he went to work at the United Nation’s Palestine Office. He returned to Turkey in 1980 to focus on his academic career. He soon became an assistant professor at Boğaziçi University in 1984 and a professor in 1990. In 1983, TRT (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation) brought Öke on as a general consulting manager for various documentaries, including “Voyage from Cadiz to Samarkand in the Age of Tamerlane.” Up until 2006 he was involved in game shows, talk shows, news programs and discussion forums on TRT, as well as on privately owned channels. He also expressed his evaluations on foreign policy in a weekly syndicated column, “Mim Noktası” (Point of Mim). Though he manages to avoid administrative duties, he has participated in official meetings abroad on behalf of the Turkish Foreign Ministry. Throughout his academic career, Öke has always prioritized research. Of his more than twenty works published in Turkish, English, Urdu and Arabic, his writings on the issues of Palestine, Armenia, Mosul, and the Caliphate as they relate to the history of Ottoman and Turkish foreign policy are considered foundational resources. -
Barriers to Education for Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan
HUMAN PREVENTING A LOST GENERATION: JORDAN RIGHTS “We’re Afraid For Their Future” WATCH Barriers to Education for Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan “We’re Afraid for Their Future” Barriers to Education for Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan Copyright © 2016 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-33955 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org “We’re Afraid for Their Future” Barriers to Education for Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1 I. Background .................................................................................................................... 11 Syrian Displacement to Jordan ............................................................................................... -
Young Gamal Abdel Nasser 152
Making the Arab World Making the Arab World Nasser, Qutb, and the Clash That Shaped the Middle East Fawaz A. Gerges PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS Princeton & Oxford Copyright © 2018 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TR press.princeton.edu Jacket photograph: Burning of the Muslim Brotherhood’s headquarters in Cairo, Egypt, in retaliation for an attempted assassination of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, October 27, 1954 / AP Photo Jacket design by Faceout Studio, Charles Brock All Rights Reserved ISBN 978-0-691-16788-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018930051 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Miller Text Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 As AlwAys, for NorA Contents Preface ix Introduction 3 1 Egypt’s “Liberal Age” 35 2 The Anti-colonial Struggle and the Dawn of Underground Politics 60 3 The Free Officers and the Ikhwan 77 4 The Birth of the Deep State and Modern Radical Islamism 126 5 Young Gamal Abdel Nasser 152 6 Young Sayyid Qutb 175 7 The Lion of the Arabs 187 vii viii contents 8 The Accidental Islamist? 214 9 Qutb’s al-Tanzim al-Sirri 236 10 The Decline of the Nasserist Project 284 11 Sadat’s Coup and the Islamist Revival 314 12 The Mubarak Era: Keeping the Ikhwan in the Freezer 343 Conclusion 390 Notes 407 Index 467 Preface this book sets out to explain how the opposing forces of Arab nationalism, spearheaded by the military, and the Islamists, led mainly by the Ikhwan (the Muslim Brothers), have shaped the development of postcolonial Arab politics. -
Reply to “Abu Alqama” and His Nefarious Attacks on a Narration from Malik Alal----Dardardardar
REPLY TO “ABU ALQAMA” AND HIS NEFARIOUS ATTACKS ON A NARRATION FROM MALIK ALAL----DARDARDARDAR Praise be to Allah that is due from all grateful believers, a fullness of praise for all his favours: a praise that is abundantly sincere and blessed. May the blessings of Allah be upon our beloved Master Muhammad, the chosen one, the Apostle of mercy and the seal of all Prophets (peace and blessings of Allah be upon them all); and upon his descendants who are upright and pure: a blessing lasting to the Day of Judgment, like the blessing bestowed upon the Prophet Ibrahim (alaihis salam) and his descendants. May Allah be pleased with all of the Prophetic Companions (Ashab al-Kiram). Indeed, Allah is most worthy of praise and supreme glorification! In this reply the following narration will be analysed in refutation of a pseudo-Salafi’s claims that it is weak and contains an unknown narrator (majhûl) by the name of Malik al-Dar in its chain of transmission (isnâd). The following has been presented here (sunniforum.com) by one of the brothers in documenting the evidences used to endorse the validity of Tawassul. Imam al-Bayhaqi related with a sound (sahih) chain the following: It is related from Malik al-Dar, `Umar's treasurer, that the people suffered a drought during the successorship of `Umar, whereupon a man came to the grave of the Prophet and said: "O Messenger of Allah, ask for rain for your Community, for verily they have but perished," after which the Prophet appeared to him in a dream and told him: "Go to `Umar and give him my greeting, then tell him that they will be watered. -
Toward a New Synthesis of the God of Edom and Yahweh
Kelley, Justin Toward a new synthesis of the god of Edom and Yahweh Antiguo Oriente: Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente Vol. 7, 2009 Este documento está disponible en la Biblioteca Digital de la Universidad Católica Argentina, repositorio institucional desarrollado por la Biblioteca Central “San Benito Abad”. Su objetivo es difundir y preservar la producción intelectual de la institución. La Biblioteca posee la autorización del autor para su divulgación en línea. Cómo citar el documento: Kelley, Justin. “Toward a new synthesis of the god of Edom and Yaheweh”. Antiguo Oriente: Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente 7 (2009). http://bibliotecadigital.uca.edu.ar/repositorio/revistas/toward- new-synthesis-god-edom.pdf (Se recomienda indicar al finalizar la cita bibliográfica la fecha de consulta entre corchetes. Ej: [consulta: 19 de agosto, 2010]). TOWARD A NEW SYntHESIS * OF THE GOD OF EDOM AND YAHWEH JUSTIN KELLEY [email protected] Life Pacific College USA Summary: Toward a New Synthesis of the God of Edom and Yahweh This article deals primarily with two things: 1) the history and nature of the Edomite deity Qos, as far as these can be determined from the known archaeological and textual evidence, and 2) the similarities between Qos and Yahweh, the god of Israel, particularly in regard to the theories concerning the origins of the deities. Through the article I will consider some of the recent suggestions concerning the origin of Qos and how this may relate to the origin of Yahweh. I will suggest that both deities originated in the northwestern portion of the Arabian Peninsula and, that ultimately, the mutual origin of the deities accounts for the fact that the Bible makes no reference to Qos as the god of Edom.