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248 The Church is Christ’s Living Body

Index

Page numbers in color indicate illustrations. Titles of paintings will be found under the name of the artist, unless they are anonymous. References to specific citations from Scripture and the Catechism will be found in the separate INDEX OF CITATIONS.

A apostolic succession, 46, 50, B 111, 143, 149, 196, 240 Apostolic Tradition, 45–46, Abraham, 8, 12, 62, 84 48 Babylonian exile, 13, 59, 65, Adam and Eve, 5, 6–7, 20, 38, Apostolicam Actuositatem 240 60, 67, 76, 79, 84 (Decree on the Apostolate of Baptism Adoration of the Eucharist, the Laity, 1965), 173 Crucifixion of Jesus and, 17 217 Arianism, 110, 240 entry into Church via, 145 Against the Fundamental Aristotle, 232 of Jesus, 145 Epistle of Manichaeus (St. Ark of the Covenant, 79–81, Noah’s ark and, 61 Augustine), 157–58 81 sanctifying grace in, 203 St. Ambrose of Milan, Assumption of Virgin Mary, water as sign and efficient Exposition of the Gospel of 95, 100, 133, 202 instrument in, 214 Luke, 99 atheism, 167, 240 Barron, Robert, 38 Ananias, 37 , A Plea for the Athenagoras Bassano, Jacopo, The Good Anglicans, 152 Christians (AD 175 or 177), 41 Samaritan (ca. 1563), 217 Anointing of the Sick, 203 , 183 Attila the Hun Batoni, Pompeo, Pope St. Anthony Abbot, 184 St. Augustine of Hippo, 81 Benedict XIV presenting the Apollinarianism, 110, 240 City of God, 60 Encyclical ‘Ex Omnibus’ to the apostasy, 115, 240 Crayer, Gaspar de, St. Comte de Stainville (ca. 1737), apostles. See also specific Augustine (ca. 1655), 157 198 apostles by name Exposition on Psalm 74, 87 believers, Church in the life of, 211, 213–39 defined, 14, 246 Against the Fundamental in early Church, 48–51 Epistle of Manichaeus, additional reading, 222–25, 237–39 Great Commission to, 157–58 33–34 Sermon 259, “For the charity and love, practice of, 217, 218, 218–19 mission of, inspired by Octave of Easter,” 139–40 Holy Spirit, 33–37 authority and power in discipleship, 233–35 structure of Church, Church, 28, 32, 164, 177, 180, fellowship, 219 providing, 14–16 205 focus and reflection apostolic, Church as, 33, 103, Aztecs, 147 questions, 221, 236 143, 148–51, 156–59 Jesus’ enrichment of us Apostolic See, 178, 240 through the Church, 215–19

prayer and liturgy, role of, St. John Paul II (pope), Cavalleri, Ferdinando, Corpus 217, 227–31 Theology of the Body, 74, 85, Christi Procession with Pope salvation, Church as 197 Gregory XVI in the Vatican universal sacrament of, 161, sin viewed as wound on, (19th century), 201 213–15 130 Chalcedon, Council of (451), sin, Church providing body of Christ 115 protection from, 215–19 Church as, 74–76, 81, 128, charismatic gifts, 29–31, 240 truth about, 220, 235 164 charisms, 184, 240 Belly, Ivan Ivanovich, The in Eucharist, 76 charity, practice of, 217, 218, Bishop Serving Divine Liturgy Holy Spirit as soul of, 218–19 (1770), 107 81–82, 106 chastity, as evangelical Benedict XIV (pope), 198 mystical body of Christ, 44, counsel, 184, 191–92, 242 Benedict XV (pope), 202 69, 144 Chesterton, G. K., 38 bishops Bonaparte, Napoleon, 132 chosen people, 8, 240 canon of Scripture and, 111 Brandt, Peter, Simeon with Christ. See Jesus Christ College of, 178, 241 Infant Jesus (1725), 16 Chromatius of Aquileia, defined, 15, 240 bride of Christ, Church as, Sermon 30, 100 76–78, 128, 181, 240 governing office of, 195, Church. See also Holy Spirit 204 Brueghel, Jan, the Younger, and the Church; images of Creation of Adam in the the Church; origins and in hierarchical communion, Paradise (17th century), 6 establishment of Church; 178 Buddhism, 118 teachings of Jesus handed on in Holy Orders, 182 by Church Bufalo, St. Gaspar del, 132 Holy Spirit and, 28, 32, 33, authority and power in, 28, 34 32, 164, 177, 180, 205 infallibility, chrism of, C as body, 32–33 196–98 defined, 3, 7, 240 Magisterium, as part of, 43 Calvin, John, 111 equality but not papacy and, 204 democracy in, 31 Cana, wedding feast at, 76 in persona Christi capitis, full communion with, 182, 243 canon law, 29.195, 200–201, 145–46 240 sanctifying office of, 195, growth and persecution of, 203, 204 Carducho, Vincente, 36–37, 38, 49 teaching office of, 196, 203, Ordination and First Mass of (ca. 1634), human faults and frailties 204 Saint John of Matha 182 in, 18, 38, 129–30, 136, 189 Blessed Virgin Mary. See catholic (universal), Church indefectibility of, 199, 243 Virgin Mary as, 103, 143, 144–48, 156–59, marks or characteristics body 240 of, 103 (See also apostolic, Church viewed as, 32–33 Catholic Church, subsistence Church as; catholic, human bodies and body of Church of Christ in, 103 Church as; holy, Church as; language, 85 one, Church as) Catholic laity, 185–86, 240

St. Peter, built upon, 10, concupiscence, 215, 241 with Moses, 12, 62 14–15, 34–35, 199 Confession, Sacrament of, New Covenant, 11–12, 22, salvation only through, 143, 203, 214 244 144–48, 154, 161, 211 Confirmation, 37, 203 with Noah, 61 service, authority of consecrated life, 182–85, Old Testament covenants Church as, 28, 32, 177, 180, 191–92, 241 as images of Church, 59 181 Constantine I (Roman Crayer, Gaspar de, St. in the world, 129, 161 (See emperor), 63, 110 Augustine (ca. 1655), 157 also believers, Church in Constantinople, Fourth Creation, origins of Church the life of; divine purpose Council of (879), 208 in, 5, 6–7 and mission of Church; , 167, 241 offices or functions of the consumerism Credo of the People of God , 139 church; visible structure of conversion (apostolic letter, 1968) the Church) Christian life as constant Crucifixion, 17 Church Militant, 129, 240 process of, 67, 135 St. Cyprian of Carthage Church Suffering, 128, 241 of Constantine, 63 Epistle 62, 157 Church Triumphant, 128, 241 of Paul, 37 Epistle 75 to Magnus, 61 Cima da Conegliano, of St. Justin Martyr, 232 Coronation of the Virgin councils of the Church. See D (1490), 131 also Vatican Council II City of God (St. Augustine), Chalcedon, Council of 60 (451), 115 David, 12, 12–13, 62 Claudel, P., La vierge à midi, Constantinople, Fourth de Vigne, Félix, Prayer before 100 Council of (879), 208 Harvest (19th century), 165 College of Bishops, 178, 241 Ecumenical Councils, deacons, 15, 28, 182, 185, 241 Commodus (Lucius Aurelius defined,51, 198, 242 Dei Verbum (Dogmatic Commodus, Roman Ephesus, Council of (431), Constitution on Divine emperor), 41 115 Revelation, 1965), 55 Commonitory (Vincent of Florence, Council of (1431- democracy, Church not Lerins), 123 1449), 208 functioning as, 31 Communion. See Eucharist Jerusalem, First Council of Deposit of Faith, 150, 200, 241 Communion of Saints, 128, (AD 50), 50–51, 149 Dialogue Against the 241 Lyons, Second Council of Luciferians (St. Jerome), 61, communion of three persons, (1274), 208 70 Trinity defined as, 9, 246 Nicaea, First Council of difference, equality, and Communionis notio (325), 110 unity (Congregation for the covenants complementarity of Doctrine of the Faith, 1992), with Abraham, 8, 12, 62 women and men, 77–78, 241 100 with David, 12–13, 62 democracy versus equality community of faith, Church in Church, 31 defined, 8, 241 as, 9–11 oneness of Church and with Israel, 8, 9, 12, 22, 62 complementarity, 77–78, 241 diversity, 105, 106–8, 120 marriage as, 8, 76–78

© Sophia Institute for Teachers Index 251 dioceses, 178, 241 equality. See difference, F discipleship, 233–35 equality, and unity divine purpose and mission Ercole de’ Roberti, The faithful remnant, 65–66, 245 of Church, 161, 163–75 Institution of the Eucharist (15th century), 150 the Fall, 5, 7, 20, 60, 242 additional reading, 172–75 establishment of Church. See Familiaris Consortio in and beyond history, origins and establishment of (apostolic exhortation, 1981), 164–66 Church 192–93 evangelization as, 121, 163, Eucharist families 166–70, 172, 173 Adoration of, 217 hierarchical communion focus and reflection of, as domestic churches, questions, 171 as body of Christ, 76 179–81, 241 salvation as, 161, 164 Church compared to, 161 image of the Church, Crucifixion of Jesus and, 17 truth about, 170 family of God as, 84 God dwelling in us, at domestic church, 77, 179–81, fellowship in the Church, 219 241 reception of, 82 Fendi, Peter, Fridolin Assists mystical body of Christ Dominum et Vivificantem with the Holy Mass (1833), 66 (papal encyclical, 1986), 40–41 and, 69 Fiat of Virgin Mary, 91, 95, St. Paul on Liturgy of, 149 Donatism, 111, 241 131, 242 presence of God in, 81 Duccio di Buoninsegna, The First Apology (St. Justin Maestà (ca. 1310), 28 regular reception of, 215 Martyr), 150–51, 232, 237–38 Duns Scotus, 94 sanctifying grace in, 203, the Flood, 60–61 204 Florence, Council of (1431- transubstantiated presence 1449), 208 E of Christ in, 44, 52, 161, 246 foundation of Church. See evangelical counsels, 184, origins and establishment of Eastern Catholic Churches, 191–92, 242 Church 107–8, 185, 242 Evangelii Nuntiandi Fra Angelico (apostolic exhortation, 1975), Eastern Orthodox Churches, Christ in Limbo (ca. 1442), 172 108, 115–17, 242 146 evangelization, 121, 163, Ecumenical Councils. See Coronation of the Virgin 166–70, 172, 173, 233–34, 242 councils of the Church (ca. 1434), 134 Eve. See Adam and Eve ecumenism, 117, 242 Francis (pope), 168 ex cathedra statements, 197, El Greco, Christ Healing the Franciscans, 168 Blind (ca. 1570), 218 198, 202, 209, 242 Frías y Escalante, Juan excommunication, 116, 242 St. Elizabeth, 26, 233 Antonio de, Israelites encyclicals, 198, 242. See also Exposition of the Gospel of Celebrating the Passover specific encyclicals by title Luke (St. Ambrose of Milan), (1668), 119 99 Ephesus, Council of (431), 115 functions of Church. See Exposition on Psalm 74 (St. St. Ephrem the Syrian, offices or functions of the Augustine), 87 Hymns to the Virgin Mary, Church 100, 101

G grace, 111–12, 161, 203, 213, 214, truth about, 137 246 universal call to holiness, Great Commission, 33–34 128–29, 181 Garden of Eden, 5, 6, 60, 79 Great Schism (1054), 115–16, Virgin Mary, holiness of, St. Gaspar del Bufalo, 132 242 131–34 Gaudium et Spes (Pastoral Gregory XVI (pope), 201 Holy Communion. See Constitution on the Church Eucharist in the Modern World, 1965), Holy Matrimony. See 21, 224–25 H marriage gender Holy Orders, Sacrament of, complementarity of Heaven, Church in, 3, 14, 103, 50, 182, 203, 243 women and men, 77–78, 241 128, 161 Holy Spirit and the Church, hierarchical communion of heresy, 108–11, 243 25–41 family as domestic church additional reading, 40–41 and, 180, 181 hermits, 184 apostles’ mission inspired Gentiles Herod, 37 by, 33–37 defined, 37, 242 hierarchic gifts, 28–29, 243 charismatic gifts of, 29–31, hierarchical communion, 177, Mosaic Law, council 240 considering Christian 178–81, 243 differing gifts provided in, obligation to follow, 51, 149 hierarchy of truths, 199–200, 31–33 Paul’s mission to, 37 243 focus and reflection history Ghirlandaio, Domenico, questions, 39 Calling of the Apostles (1481), divine purpose and mission growth and persecution of 48 of Church in and beyond, Church, 36–37, 38 Gnosticism, 110, 242 164–66 hierarchic gifts of, 28–29 God. See also Holy Spirit; Salvation History, 5, 7, life of St. Stephen and, 30 Jesus Christ; Kingdom of 47–48, 67, 76, 246 God; Trinity Hodegetria, Virgin as, 99 in Old Testament, 26 actions of His goodness in holy, Church as, 103, 127–41 at Pentecost, 25, 26–27, 27, 34–36, 93, 166, 245 our lives, 155 additional reading, 139–41 presence of Holy Spirit in Duns Scotus’ argument for both divine reality and entire Church, 28–33 existence of, 94 human institution, Church human beings made in as, 129–30 soul of body of Christ, Holy Spirit as, 81–82, 106 image of, 9, 85, 243 definition of holy, 128, 243 Temple of the Holy Spirit, oneness of, 105, 106 focus and reflection as image of Church, 79–82, golden calf incident, 167 questions, 138 246 Good Samaritan, parable of, human faults and frailties truth about, 38 217 in Church, 18, 38, 129–30, Holy Trinity. See Trinity Gospels, 46–48, 242 136, 189 hours, liturgy of, 228–29, 244 governing office of the reform and renewal, Church, 195, 204 importance of, 130 saints and, 128, 134–35

Hübner, Julius, Luther truth about, 67, 85, 97 J publishes the 95 Theses (1878), as the vine and its 114 branches, 82 Jacob (Israel), 14, 62 Huguet, Jaume, Saint Vincent Virgin Mary as, 91, 93–96 Ordained by Saint Valerius St. James, 37, 51, 54, 114 imitation of Christ, 16, 77, 137 (ca. 1460), 50 Jasiński, Zdzisław, Palm Immaculate Conception of Humanae vitae (papal Sunday Mass (1891), 44 Mary, 94, 100 encyclical, 1968), 193 St. Jerome, Dialogue Against in persona Christi capitis, 182, Hymns to the Virgin Mary (St. the Luciferians, 61, 70 243 Ephrem the Syrian), 100, 101 Jerusalem, First Council of indefectibility of Church, (AD 50), 50–51, 149 199, 243 Jesus Christ. See also body I infallibility, charism of, 36, of Christ; teachings of Jesus 196–99, 202, 209, 243 handed on by Church Ingres, Jean Auguste apostles appointed to lead image of God, human beings Dominique, Pope Pius VII in , 9, 85, 243 Church by, 14–16 created in the Sistine Chapel (1814), 197 Baptism of, 145 images of the Church, 57–101 intercession, 135, 243 continuing presence in his additional reading, 69–71, inter-religious dialogue, Church, 44–45 87–89, 99–101 118–19 establishment of Church as body of Christ, 74–76, 81, St. Irenaeus of Lyons, 159 128, 164 by, 11–17 Islam, 118, 152 as bride of Christ, 76–78, Gospels and life of, 46 Israel 128, 181, 240 Great Commission to Babylonian exile of, 13, 59, as family of God, 84 apostles, 33–34 65, 240 focus and reflection heresies regarding nature as chosen people, 8, 240 questions, 68, 86, 98 of, 110, 115 covenants with, 8, 9, 12, 22, Israel as, 59, 62–66 imitation of, 16, 77, 137 62 marriage of Mary and infallibility and defined, 62, 243 Joseph as, 77 indefectibility, as source of, division, conquest, and exile in the New Testament, 199 of, 13, 65 73–89 kingdom of God preached faithful remnant of, 65–66, Noah’s ark, 59, 60–61, 61, by, 12–14 245 64, 69, 70, 244 at Last Supper, 15 golden calf incident, 167 in the Old Testament, self-giving love of, 16–17 59–71 as image of Church, 59, temptation in the desert, 62–66 pilgrims and pilgrimage, 145 92–93 kingdom of David, 12–13 washing feet of disciples, seed metaphors, 83 prefiguring and preparing 15, 31 for Church, 8–11, 22 as Temple of the Holy Jews and Judaism. See also Spirit, 79–82, 246 Israels, Isaac, Procession - Israel; Old Testament Old Catholic Church (1881), as “the Way,” 93, 247 in early Church, 36, 51 188 from tradition, 91–101

inter-religious dialogue St. Joseph, 77, 133 Libertatis conscientia with, 118–19 Joseph Barsabbas (Justus), 48 (Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, 1986), Jesus, beliefs about, 152 Juan de Juanes, The Last 99 Mosaic Law, council Supper (1562), 214 libertinism, 167, 244 considering Christian St. Juan Diego, 147 obligation to follow, 51, 149 “light of the world,” meaning Judah, kingdom of, 13, 65 Passover, 27, 119, 245 of, 235 Judas, 50 Pentecost of, 27 liturgical year, 229–31, 244 St. Junípero Serra, 168 St. John the Apostle, 47 liturgy justification by faith alone, defined, 228, 244 St. John the Baptist, 26 111–12 of early Church, 149–51 John Duns Scotus, 94 St. Justin Martyr focus and reflection St. John the Evangelist, 49, 76 First Apology, 150–51, 232, questions, 236 St. John of Matha, 182 237–38 of the hours, 228–29, 244 St. John Paul II (pope) life of, 232 in life of believers, 228–31 appointed as bishop by of the Mass, 228 Pius XII, 202 K beatification of Duns required participation in, Scotus by, 94 231 on Bl. Maria Gabriella kingdom of God Sacrosanctum Concilium (Constitution on the Sagheddu, 113 defined, 13, 243 Sacred Liturgy, 1963), 237 Dominum et Vivificantem establishment of Church Trinity, as communion (papal encyclical, 1986), by preaching of, 12–14 40–41 with, 231 mustard seed, parable of, Longhi, Pietro, The Baptism Familiaris Consortio 83 (apostolic exhortation, (1755), 203 1981), 192–93 López de Herrera, Alonso, General Audience (2001) on L The Resurrection of Christ (ca. Virgin Mary, 99–101 1625), 229 on New Evangelization, St. Louis Martin, 80 laity, Catholic, 185–86, 240 167–69 love Last Supper, 15, 26, 214 Redemptoris Mater (papal practice of, 137, 217, 218, encyclical, 1987), 99, 100 Latin/Roman Church, 107, 218–19 243 Redemptoris Missio (papal self-giving love of Jesus, encyclical, 1990), 167, Laureti, Tommaso, Triumph origins and establishment 238–39 of Christian Religion (1585), of Church in, 16–17 153 Theology of the Body, 74, 85, Lumen Gentium (Dogmatic 197 Le Brun, Charles, The Constitution on the Church, Assumption of the Virgin (17th Ut Unum Sint (papal 1964) century), 95 encyclical, 1995), 116–17 on catholicity and St. Leo I the Great (pope), 183 Vita Consecrata (post- apostolicity of Church, 144, synodal exhortation, 1996), St. Leo IX (pope), 116 146, 158–59 191–92 Leo XIII (pope), 202

on Church in the life of Familiaris Consortio Monophysitism, 110, 244 believers, 222 (apostolic exhortation, Morelli, Domenico, on holiness of Church, 1981), 192–93 Thanksgiving after Leaving 140–41 hierarchical communion of Noah’s Ark (ca. 1901), 61 on Holy Spirit and the family as domestic church mortal sin, 203, 213, 215, 244 and, 179–81 Church, 34, 40 Mosaic Law, council on images of the Church, St. John Paul II’s Theology considering Christian 88–89, 96, 99 of the Body and, 197 obligation to follow, 51, 149 on oneness of Church, Sts. Louis and Zelie Martin, Moses, 12, 62 80 124–25 Murillo, Bartolomé Esteban mutual subordination in, 78 on origins and Saint Rose of Lima (ca. establishment of Church, sanctifying grace in, 203 1670), 128 18, 20, 22–23 Trinity, as symbol of, 77 The Virgin of the Rosary on teachings on Jesus as vocation, 185 (ca. 1680), 96 handed down by Church, Martin, Sts. Louis and Zelie, Muslims, 118, 152 45 80 Mustard Seed, parable of, 83 universal sacrament of martyrs and martyrdom, 10, mystical body of Christ, 44, salvation, on Church as, 161 30, 36, 36–37, 49 69, 144 Luther, Martin, 111, 112, 114 Mary, mother of God. See mystical unity of believers, Lybaert, Theophile Marie Virgin Mary 106 François, Jesus’ Body St. Mary Magdalene, 136 Removed from the Cross (ca. 1886), 74 Mass, liturgy of, 228. See also Eucharist N Lyons, Second Council of (1274), 208 Matthias, 48, 50 Mayno, Juan Bautista, Nebbia, Cesare, The Council Pentecost (ca. 1620), 27 of Nicaea (ca. 1560), 110 M Memling, Hans, Christ with Nero (Roman emperor), 10 Singing Angels (ca. 1480), 230 Nestorianism, 110, 115, 244 men and women. See gender Magisterium, 43, 195, 196, New Covenant, 11–12, 22, 244 198, 199, 200, 204 Messiah, 13, 244 New Evangelization, 163, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Millet, Jean-François, The 167–69 (Roman emperor), 41 Sower (1865), 83 New Law, 27, 244 Mariotto di Nardo, The mission of Church. See divine New Testament purpose and mission of Stoning and Burial of St. Gospels, 46–48, 242 Stephen (1408), 36 Church Holy Spirit and, 25, 26 marriage Missionaries of the Precious images of Church in Blood, 132 , 73–89 bride of Christ, Church as, (See also images of the missionary disciples, 234, 76–78, 128, 181, 240 Church) 244. See also evangelization Cana, wedding feast at, 76 teachings of Jesus and, modern challenges to as covenant, 8, 76–78 47–48 Church unity, 114–15 defined, 243

Nicaea, First Council of (325), images of Church in, 59–71 the Fall and, 5, 7 110 (See also images of the focus and reflection Nicene Creed, 103 Church) questions, 19 Noah and Noah’s ark, 59, origins/establishment of Israel prefiguring and 60–61, 61, 64, 69, 70, 84, 244 Church and, 8, 11 preparing for, 8–11, 22 non-Catholic religions and teachings of Jesus and, by Jesus, 11–17 47–48 denominations life of St. Peter and, 10 On Modesty (Tertullian), 223 ecumenism with non- St. Peter, building of Catholic Christians, 117, 242 one, Church as, 103, 105–25 Church upon, 10, 14–15 inter-religious dialogue additional reading, 123–25 by preaching the kingdom, with non-Christians, 118–19 Bl. Maria Gabriella 12–14 value of Catholicism over Sagheddu praying for unity in self-giving love of Jesus, other religions, 152–54 of Church, 113 16–17 Nostra Aetate (Declaration on diversity, unity in, 105, structure and leadership the Relation of the Church 106–8, 120 of, from apostles, 14–16 to Non-Christian Religions, ecumenism and, 117 truth about, 18 1965), 71, 118, 119 focus and reflection Our Lady of Guadalupe, 147 questions, 122 O inter-religious dialogue, 118–19 P sources and bonds of obedience, as evangelical unity, 106 counsel, 184, 191–92, 242 papacy. See also specific Trinity, oneness of God popes offices or functions of the and Church in, 105, 106, 117 Church, 161, 195–209 Apostolic See and, 178, 240 truth about, 121 additional reading, 207–10 bishops and, 204 wounds to unity of Church, defined, 35, 245 defined, 196, 244 108–17 Eastern Orthodox focus and reflection oneness of God, 105, 106 questions, 206 Churches and, 116 oral tradition, Gospels ex cathedra statements of, governing office, 195, 204 reflecting, 46 197, 198, 202, 209, 242 sanctifying office, 195, Ordination. See Holy Orders, governing office of, 195, 203–4 Sacrament of 204 teaching office, 195, 196– organized religion, need for, Holy Spirit and, 28, 35–36 201 187–89 infallibility, charism of, 36, truth about, 205 Original Sin, 7, 94, 189 196–99, 202, 209, 243 Old Testament origins and establishment Magisterium, as part of, 43 defined, 244 of Church, 5–23 Pastor Aeternus (1870) on, Holy Spirit in, 25, 26 additional reading, 20–23 208–9 as community of faith, 9–11 as Servant of the Servants in Creation, 5, 6–7 of God, 181

as successors of St. Peter, Pelagianism, 111, 245 A Plea for the Christians 35–36 Penance, Sacrament of, 203, (Athenagoras, AD 175 or 177), papal encyclical, defined, 198, 214 41 242 Pentecost, 25, 26–27, 27, Poërson, Charles, St. Peter parental authority, 180–81 34–36, 93, 166, 245 Preaching in Jerusalem (1642), 35 parishes, 178–79, 244 persecution of early Church, St. Polycarp, 49 Passionists, 216 36–37, 38, 49 pope. See papacy Passover, 27, 119, 245 Perugino, Pietro, Delivery of the Keys (ca. 1482), 148 Pourbus, Frans, The Last Pastor Aeternus (First Supper (1618), 15 Dogmatic Constitution on St. Peter the Church of Christ, 1870), Attila the Hun’s dream of, Poussin, Nicolas, The 208–9 183 Adoration of the Golden Calf (ca. 1637), 167 St. Patrick, St. Patrick’s Church built upon, 10, Confession, 174–75 14–15, 34–35, 199 poverty, as evangelical counsel, 184, 191–92, 242 St. Paul on defending the faith, 234 power and authority of on charity/love, 218–19 false teachings combated Church, 28, 32, 164, 177, 180 on Eucharistic Liturgy, 149 by, 109 prayer as evangelizer, 166 hierarchic gifts and, 28 defined, 217 false teachings combated images of Church used by, discipleship and, 234 by, 109–10 60 focus and reflection on hierarchical life of, 10 questions, 236 communion of family as Mosaic Law, at council domestic church, 181 considering Christian for intercession of the saints, 135 on Holy Spirit, 30, 32, 37 obligation to follow, 51 in life of believers, 217, on images of the Church, at Pentecost, 34, 166 227–31 67, 76, 82 Poërson, Charles, St. Peter Rosary, 96, 217 as witness to the Gospel, Preaching in Jerusalem 54 (1642), 35 preaching St. Paul VI (pope) on role of apostles in early establishment of Church Church, 48 by preaching the kingdom Apostolicam Actuositatem of God, 12–14 (Decree on the Apostolate Rubens, Christ Giving the of the Laity, 1965), 173 Keys to St. Peter (1612), 11 Great Commission to apostles, 33–34 Credo of the People of God pilgrims and pilgrimage, (apostolic letter, 1968), 139 92–93, 245 Pentecost and, 26–27, 34 Evangelii Nuntiandi Pius VII (pope), 132, 197 Raphael, St. Paul Preaching (apostolic exhortation, Pius IX (pope), 94, 216 in Athens (1515), 32 1975), 172 Pius XI (pope), 202 teaching office of the Church and, 195, 196–201 Humanae vitae (papal Ven. Pius XII (pope), 132, 202 encyclical, 1968), 193 von Langenmantel, Ludwig, Plato, 232 St. Paul of the Cross, 216 Savonarola Preaching Against Prodigality (1879), St. Paul the Hermit, 184 109

precepts of the Church, 200, Redemptoris Mater (papal Holy Orders, 50, 182, 203, 245 encyclical, 1987), 99, 100 243 Presbyterians, 152 Redemptoris Missio (papal in life of believers, 215 Previtali, Andrea, Salvator encyclical, 1990), 167, 238–39 Penance/Confession, 203, Mundi (1519), 112 Reformation, 111–14, 245 214 priests religious and religious life, sanctifying office of the defined, 15, 245 184 Church and, 203–4 in hierarchical communion, remnant, faithful, 65–66, 245 Sacred Scriptures. See 178–79 Reni, Guido Scriptures hierarchical gifts of Holy The Assumption of the Sacred Tradition. See Spirit and, 28 Virgin Mary (ca. 1597), 133 tradition in Holy Orders, 182 The Penitent Magdalene Sacrosanctum Concilium (Constitution on the Sacred in persona Christi capitis, (ca. 1635), 136 Liturgy, 1963), 237 182, 243 Restout, Jean II, Pentecost Sagheddu, Bl. Maria sanctifying office of, 195, (1732), 93 Gabriella, 113 203 Roman/Latin Church, 107, saints. See also specific saints teaching office of, 196, 203 243 by name prophets and prophecy, 11, Rosary, 96, 217 Communion of, 128, 241 109 St. Rose of Lima, 128 defined, 128, 246 Protestant Reformation, Rubens, Peter Paul growing toward holiness, 111–14, 245 Christ Giving the Keys to 113, 128 Purgatory, Church in, 3, 14, St. Peter (1612), 11 holiness of church and, 128, 103, 128 Constantine’s Conversion 134–35 purpose of Church. See (1622), 63 intercession of, 135 divine purpose and mission The Four Evangelists (1614), of Church 47 love, as practitioners of, 137 The Sacrifice of the Old Covenant (17th century), 9 Virgin Mary as greatest of, Q 134 “salt of the earth,” meaning Quaglio, Domenico, the S of, 235 Younger, Landscape with a salvation Church (ca. 1830), 186 Sacraments. See also Church as universal Baptism; Eucharist; marriage sacrament of, 161, 213–15, 220 R Anointing of the Sick, 203 as divine mission of Church as sacrament of Church, 161, 164 our salvation, 161, 213–15, Raphael 220 only through Church, 143, 144–48, 154, 161, 211 St. Paul Preaching in Confirmation, 37, 203 Athens (1515), 32 Salvation History, 5, 7, 47–48, Crucifixion of Jesus and, 17 The Visitation (1517), 233 67, 76, 246 hierarchic gifts and, 28–29

sanctifying grace, 203, 246 venial and mortal, 203, 213, focus and reflection sanctifying office of the 215, 244, 247 questions, 53 Church, 195, 203–4 wound on the body, life of St. Polycarp and, 49 Saul of Tarsus, 30, 37 compared to, 130 Magisterium (pope and schism, 115–17, 246 wounding of unity of his bishops) as teaching Church through, 108 authority, 43 Scriptures. See also New Testament; Old Testament Sion, Peeter, Saint Francis by Scriptures, 46–48 Xavier Evangelizing the defined, 46, 245 truth about, 52 Indians (17th century), 169 Gospels, 46–48, 242 Temple of the Holy Spirit, Sixtus III (pope), 183 79–82, 246 sola scriptura, Protestant societies of apostolic life, 185, doctrine of, 111, 246 temptation of Christ, 145 246 teachings of Jesus handed Teniers, David, the Younger, sola fide, 111–12, 246 on through, 46–48 Saint Anthony Abbot Meets sola gratia, 111–12, 246 Saint Paul the Hermit (ca. Second Vatican Council. See 1660), 184 Vatican Council II sola scriptura, 111, 246 St. Teresa of Ávila, 75 secular institutes, 185, 246 Stainville, Comte de, 198 Tertullian, 192–93 secularization, 166, 167, 246 St. Stephen, 30, 36, 36–37 On Modesty, 223 seed metaphors in New Strigel, Bernhard, Christ Testament, 83 Washing the Disciples’ Feet Theology of the Body (St. John (ca. 1520), 31 Paul II), 74, 85, 197 Sermon on the Mount, 233 Summa Theologica (St. St. Therese of Lisieux, 80 Serra, St. Junípero, 168 Thomas Aquinas), 69 third orders, 185 service, authority of Church as, 28, 32, 177, 180, 181 St. Thomas Aquinas, 94 sex. See gender T Summa Theologica, 69 Simeon, 16, 16–17 St. Timothy, 166 sin Tissot, James teaching office of the The Ark Passes Over the Church providing Church, 195, 196–201. See also Jordan (ca. 1900), 81 protection from, 215–19 preaching The Flight of the Prisoners concupiscence or teachings of Jesus handed on (ca. 1900), 65 tendency toward, 215, 241 by Church, 43–55 Titian, The Holy Family with conversion, Christian life additional readings, 54–55 as constant process of, 67 a Shepherd (1510), 84 by apostolic succession, tradition human faults and frailties 46, 50 in Church, 18, 38, 129–30, Apostolic Tradition, 45–46 by Apostolic Tradition, 136, 189 45–46, 48 defined, 245 Original Sin, 7, 94, 189 continuing presence of hierarchy of truths and, Purgatory, Church in, 3, 14, Christ in his Church, 44–45 200 103, 128 early Church, role of images of the Church from, Tertullian on, 223 apostles in, 48–51 91–101 universal call from sin to oral tradition, Gospels holiness, 128–29 reflecting, 46

Protestant rejection of, 111 Apostolicam Actuositatem focus and reflection written tradition, 47–48 (Decree on the Apostolate questions, 98 of the Laity, 1965), 173 transubstantiation, 44, 52, Fra Angelico, Coronation of 246 Dei Verbum (Dogmatic the Virgin (ca. 1434), 134 Constitution on Divine Trinity as Hodegetria, 99 Revelation, 1965), 55 defined, 9, 246 holiness of, 131–34 Gaudium et Spes (Pastoral liturgy as communion Holy Spirit, conception of Constitution on the with Jesus by, 26 , 231 Church in the Modern as image of the Church, 91, marriage as symbol of, 77 World, 1965), 21, 224–25 93–96 oneness of God and Sacrosanctum Concilium Immaculate Conception of, Church in, 105, 106, 117 (Constitution on the 94, 100 truths, hierarchy of, 199–200, Sacred Liturgy, 1963), 237 St. Juan Diego and, 147 243 Unitatis Redintegratio twelve apostles. See apostles (Decree on Ecumenism, Le Brun, Charles, The 1964), 117, 144–45 Assumption of the Virgin (17th century), 95 venial sin, 203, 213, 215, 247 U marriage of Mary and Veronese, Paolo Joseph as image of The Anointing of David (ca. domestic church, 77 Unitatis Redintegratio 1555), 12 Murillo, Bartolomé (Decree on Ecumenism, Baptism and Temptation of Esteban, The Virgin of the 1964), 117, 144–45 Christ (ca. 1582), 145 Rosary (ca. 1680), 96 unity. See difference, Jesus Among the Doctors Our Lady of Guadalupe, 147 equality, and unity; one, (ca. 1560), 79 perpetual virginity of, 133 Church as La vierge à midi (P. Claudel), Raphael, The Visitation universal (catholic), Church 100 (1517), 233 as, 103, 143, 144–48, 156–59, St. Vincent, 50 240 Reni, Guido, The Vincent of Lerins, Assumption of the Virgin Upper Room, 26, 247 Commonitory, 123 Mary (ca. 1597), 133 Ut Unum Sint (papal the vine and its branches, as Simeon revealing Jesus’ encyclical, 1995), 116–17 image of the Church, 82 future sacrifice to, 17 Virgin Mary truth about Catholic V additional reading, 99–101 honoring of, 97 Assumption of, 95, 100, 133, van Orley, Bernard, The 202 Marriage of the Virgin (ca. St. Valerius, 50 Cima da Conegliano, 1513), 77 van Orley, Bernard, The Coronation of the Virgin visible structure of the Marriage of the Virgin (ca. (1490), 131 Church, 161, 177–93 1513), 77 St. Ephrem the Syrian, additional reading, 191–93 Vatican Council II (1962- Hymns to the Virgin Mary, dioceses and parishes, 1965). See also Lumen 100, 101 Gentium 178–79, 241, 244 Fiat of, 91, 95, 131, 242

focus and reflection vocations, 177, 181–86 W questions, 190 to apostolate, 151 as hierarchical of Catholic laity, 185–86 communion, 177, 178–81, Waldmüller, Ferdinand consecrated life, 182–85, 243 (See also bishops; Georg, Evening Prayer (1846), 191–92, 241 Catholic laity; deacons; 179 defined papacy; priests) , 75, 247 “the Way,” 93, 247 holiness, universal organized religion, need women and men. See gender vocation to, 181 for, 187–89 written tradition, 47–48 Holy Orders, 182 truth about, 189 marriage as variety of vocations , 185 within, 177, 181–86 (See also von Langenmantel, Ludwig, Z vocations) Savonarola Preaching Against Prodigality (1879), 109 Vita Consecrata (post- St. Zelie Martin, 80 synodal exhortation, 1996), 191–92