Black Spot Fungi on Rosaceous Hosts: Diplocarpon Represents a Unique Evolutionary Lineage Within Leotiomycetes

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Black spot fungi on rosaceous hosts: Diplocarpon represents a unique evolutionary lineage within Leotiomycetes POSTER B56 Dhanushka Udayanga1, Lisa A. Castlebury2 1Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. 2Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA Abstract The black spot diseases of rosaceous hosts are primarily caused by the species of Diplocarpon, formerly known as Marssonina. Species of Diplocarpon cause severe diseases on several economically important hosts, including garden roses, apple, pear, and strawberry. However, the precise phylogenetic placement of these species is not well understood. In the present study, we used fresh collections and herbarium specimens to infer molecular phylogenetic placement and to clarify the taxonomy and nomenclature of this poorly known group of phytopathogenic fungi. The molecular phylogeny based on 28S and ITS rDNA sequences and including the type species of the genus, Diplocarpon rosae, revealed that the genus represents a unique evolutionary lineage within the Helotiales. Two additional species, Diplocarpon fragariae, causing leaf scorch disease of strawberry, and Diplocarpon coronariae, causing black spot of apple and pear, grouped with the type species and could be distinguished using sequence data. In addition, type specimens of other species in the genus were studied and distinguished based on morphological characters. These species of phytopathogenic fungi were found to grow poorly on artificial media thus limited amounts of molecular data and cultures were available in public databases. However, this study contributes towards a stable platform for the taxonomy of obscure genera of phytopathogenic fungi. .

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