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Occasional Paper #282 Remembering Adam Ulam Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Kennan Institute Occasional Paper #28 2 Remembering Adam Ulam ••• The Kennan Inst1tute The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars The Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Stu dies is a division of the Woodrow Wilson Interna­ tional C:enter for Scholars. Through its programs of residential scholarships, meetings, and publica­ tions, the Institute encourages scholarship on the f'Jrmer Soviet Union, embracing a broad range of fields in the social sciences and humanities. The Kennan Institute is supported by contributions from hundations, corporations, individuals, and the U nited States Government. Kennan Institute Occasional Papers The !{ennan Institute makes Occasional Papers available to all those interested. Occasional Papers are submitted by Kennan Institute scholars and visiting speakers. Copies of Cccasional Papers and a list of papers currently available can be obtained free of charge by contacting: Occasional Papers Kennan Institute One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 20004-3027 (202) 691- 4100 T his O ccasional Pap er has been produced wich support provided by the Program for Research and Training on Eastern Europe and the Independent ~t a tes of the Former Soviet -J nion of the U.S. D epartment of State (funded by the Soviet and East .3uropean Research and Training Act of 1983, or Title VIII). We are most grateful to this sponsor. T he v1ews expressed in Kennan Institute Occasional Papers are those of the authors. © June 2002 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. The Kennan Institute N amed in honor of Ambassador Kennan's relative, George Kennan "the Elder," a nineteenth-century explorer of :::<.._ussia and Siberia, the Kennan Institute is corrunited to improving American exper6se and knowledge about the former Soviet Union. It is one of several area studies programs at the Woodrow Wilson Center. Woodrow Wilso::1 International Center for Scholars The Center is the nation's living memorial to Woodrow Wilson, president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. Created by law in 1968, the Center is Washington, D.C.'s only independent, wide-ranging institute for advanced study where vital current issues and their deep historical background are explored through research and dialogue. Visit the Center on the WorldWide Web at http:/ /www.wilsoncenter.org. Director Lee H. Hamilton Board ofTrustees Joseph A. Cari,Jr., Chair· Steven Alan Bennett, Vice Chair. PublicMembers: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress · John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States · William R. Ferris, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities· Roderick R Paige, Secretary ofEducation · Cohn L. Powell, Secretary ofState ·Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution· Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary ofHealth and Human Services· Private Citizen Members: Carol Cartwright· John H. Foster· Jean L. H ennessey · DanielL. Larnaute ·Doris 0. Matsui· Thomas ::-z.. Reedy · Nancy M. Zirkin The Wilson Council Charles S. Ackerman· B.B. Andersen· Cyrus A. Ansary · Charles F. Barber· Lawrence :2. Bathgate II · Joseph C. Bell · Richard E. Berkowitz · A. Oakley Brooks · Thomas]. Buckholtz · Conrad Cafutz · Nicola L. Caiola · Raoul L. Carroll · Scott Carter · Albert V. Casey · Peter B. Clark · William-:=-. Coleman, Jr. · Michael D . DiGiacomo· Donald G. Drapkin ·F. Samuel Eberts III·]. David Eller· Sim Farar ·Susan R. Farber· Barbara Hackman Franklin· Morton Funger ·Chris G. Gardiner· Eric Garfinkel· Bruce S. Gelb ·Steven]. Gilbert · Alma Gildenhom ·Joseph B. Gildenhom · David F. Girard-diCarlo ·Michael B. Goldberg· William E. Grayson· Gordon D . Griffin · Raymond A. Guenter · Gerald T. Halpin · Vema R. Harrah · Carla A. Hills · Eric Hotung · Frances Humphrey Howard ·John L. Howard· Darrell E. Issa · _,'erry Jasinowski ·Brenda LaGrange johnson· Dennis D. Jorgensen · Shelly Kamins· Edwad W . Kelley, Jr. · Anastasia D. Kelly· ChriscopherJ Kennan· Michael V. Kostiw · Steven otler · Paul Kranhold · William H. !<--remer · D ennis LeVett ·Harold 0. i-evy ·David i....ink ·DavidS. Mandel· John P. Manning· Edwin S. Marks · Jay Mazur· Robert McCarthy· Stephen G. McConahey ·Donald F. Mc~ellan · j. Kenneth Menges, Jr. · Philip Merrill· Jeremiah L. Murphy · Martha T. Muse· Della M. Newman · John E. Osborn · Paul Hae Park· Gerald L. Parsky · Michael]. Polenske · Donald Robert Quartel,Jr. · ]. Steven Rhodes· John L. ~~chardson ·Margaret Milner Richardson · Larry D. Richman · Edwin Robbins · Robert G. Rogers · Otto Ruesch · B. ?rancis Saul, III · Alam M. Schwartz · Timothy R. Scully ·]. Michael Shepherd · George P. Shultz· Raja W. Sidawi ·Deborah Siebert· Thomas L. Siebert· Kenneth Siegel · Ron Silver· William A. Slaughter· Thomas F. Stephenson · Wilmer Thomas · Norma Kline Tiefel · Mark C. Treanor · Christine M. Warnke· Pete Wilson· Deborah Wince-Smith· Herbert S. Winokur, Jr.· Paul Martin Wolff · Joseph Zappala RichardS. Ziman Kennan Institute Advisory Council Chair, Ambassador Thomas W. Simons, Jr. , Stanford University · Timothy]. Colton, Harvard Umversity · Leokadia Drob1zheva, Russian Academy of Sciences · Oleksiy Haran, University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy · Kathleen ~Zuehnast, George Washington Umversity · Catharine S. Nepornnyashchy Barnard CoLege an d Columbia University · Linda Randall, University of Rhode Island · Jane Sharp, University of Maryland, College Park · John Tedstrom, SastWest Institute · Heinrich Vogel, German InstitJte oflntemational Affain and Security and University of Amsterdam · Grace Kennan Warnecke, Winrock International, Chief of Party. Kyiv TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: Remembering Adam "Jlarr: Ange!a Stent, Georgetown University 1 Adam u:am as Historian Abbott Gleason, Brown University 3 Adam Ulam as Writer Nina Tumarkin, Harvard University 5 Adam Ulam as Foreign Policy Analyst Angela Stent, Georgetown University 8 REMEMBERING ADAM ULAM Introduction Stalin and his magisterial study of Soviet Adam Ulam was a towering fig:1re foreign policy, Expansion and Coexistence in Russian and Soviet Studies, both are still among the best available. He literally and figuratively. He inspired alsc. wrote books on British socialism, generations of students 2.t Harvard and on Tito, and on what he viewed as the scholars around the world to pursue the disastrous impact of the fermen.~ of the study of what was, for many, an intrigu­ 1960's on American academia. At the ing, exotic, and often frustrating topic of time of his death on 28 March 2000, he academic endeavor. He entertained was working on his autobiography. generations of scholars at the Harvard At the Kennan symposium, we had Russian Research Center during their two panels. The first panel discussed morning coffee hour with erudite Adam's role as historian and featured historical stories, be they about the talk:; by Professors Abbott Gleason of British empire, Russian poetry, Sovie~ Brown University, whose paper is skullduggery-or, his favorite, the reproduceci here, Professor Nina Boston Red Sox. After his death, a Tumarkin ofWellesley College, whose group of his former students gathered paper is also reproduced, Sanford together a~ the Kennan Institute to Lieberman of the University of Massa­ hono:- him by speaking about a range of chusetts, and Dr. Mark Kramer of subjects that he had encouraged them Harvard University. The second panel to pursue. Three of them are presented focused on Adam's work on foreign in this occasiona~ paper. policy and featured Dr. Carol Saivetz of Adam belonged to that great H arvard, Dr. Steven Sestanovich, former generation of Soviet scholars who Ambassador-at-Large for the Newly shaped the debate about communism Independent States, David Kramer, of and Soviet intentions for the entire the State Department's Office of Global C o!d War period. Like many of the Affairs, and myself. Our talks mixed the founding fathers of this discipline, he scholarly with the personal. Adam came ~o the United States as a refugee inspired his students with such respect in the late 1930's. Born on 8 April 1922 and affection that no scholarly presenta­ in Lvov, then part ofPoland, to an tion would have been complete without educated and prosperous family, he anecdotes about the milieu in which escaped Poland with his older brother Adam and his students operated. He was and outstanding mathematician an egalitarian professor who respected Stanislaus, literally at the last moment­ students and colleagues alike and judged two weeks before the Nazis attacked. them by their intelligence and wit, not H e completed his undergraduate degree by their status in the academic hierar­ at Brown University and his Ph.D. at chy, Harvard. Ee joined the Harvard Faculty As Adam's former students, we are in 1947 and went on to a distinguished grateful to the Kennan Institute and to academic career that included 18 books, its Director, Blair Ruble, for enabling us many of which remain classics in the to hold this symposium, and we encour­ fi eld. His biograpnies of Lenin and age you to read and reread Adam's 1 seminal works on Russia and the Soviet Union. They will enlighten you with the wisdom, imagination, and erudition of a cosmopolitan, cultured European scholar, for whom intellectual integrity, not transient academic fashion, was the basis of the life of the mind. Angela Stent Georgetown University 2 ADAM ULAM AS HISTORIAN Abbott Gleason, Brown Unive~sity Adam U1am never lost his appet~te a universe in which the sources came to for his subject. He was a man extraordi­ him, rather than his having to
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