DOCSLIB.ORG

Somatische Hybridisierungen Zwischen Vertretern Der Gattungen Petunia Und Calibrachoa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Somatische Hybridisierungen Zwischen Vertretern Der Gattungen Petunia Und Calibrachoa Somatische Hybridisierungen zwischen Vertretern der Gattungen Petunia und Calibrachoa Der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Doktorin der Gartenbauwissenschaften -Dr. rer. hort.- genehmigte Dissertation von Dipl.- Ing. agr. Lara Meyer geboren am 30.09.1974 in Hildesheim 2006 Referent: Prof. Dr. M. Serek Korreferent: Prof. Dr. T. Winkelmann Tag der Promotion: 11.05.2007 2 Kurzfassung Petunia und Calibrachoa sind ein fester Bestandteil des heutigen Beet- und Balkonpflanzensortiments. Von züchterischer Seite besteht ein großes Interesse daran, die positiven Eigenschaften beider Pflanzen, wie z. B. Farbvielfalt der Calibrachoa sowie die Toleranz der Petunia gegenüber höheren pH-Werten, zu vereinen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die somatische Hybridisierung zwischen Petunia und Calibrachoa mittels Protoplastenfusion. Hierbei wurde ein System für die Isolierung und Regeneration von Mesophyll- sowie Petalenprotoplasten für verschiedene Petunia- und Calibrachoa-Genotypen etabliert. Abhängig von Genotyp und Versuch variierte dabei die Anzahl der isolierten Protoplasten beträchtlich. So wurden für die Calibrachoa-Genotypen im Mittel Ausbeuten zwischen 1,1 und 4,2 x 106 Protoplasten je Gramm Frischmasse und für die Petunia-Genotypen zwischen 0,6 und 3,5 x 106 je Gramm Frischmasse erzielt. Die Protoplasten- sowie Kalluskultur erfolgte in verschiedenen Medien, welche zu gleichen Teilen Auxin sowie Cytokinin (1,0 bzw. 0,5 mg/l) enthielten. Für die Regeneration von Sprossen wurden verschiedene cytokininbetonte Medien getestet. Zellteilungen sowie Kallusbildung wurden mit einer Ausnahme bei allen untersuchten Genotypen beobachtet. Abhängig vom Genotyp unterschieden sich die ermittelten Teilungsraten, die für sieben Calibrachoa- und vier Petunia-Genotypen ermittelt wurden, jedoch beträchtlich. Ebenso wie bei der Teilung wurden auch bei der Sprossregeneration genotypische Unterschiede beobachtet. Vier der neun untersuchten Calibrachoa-Genotypen regenerierten auf den untersuchten Medien keine Sprosse, während bei den anderen fünf Genotypen deutliche Unterschiede in der Regenerationsrate abhängig von dem Phytohormongehalt der Medien beobachtet werden konnten. Zur Charakterisierung der aus Protoplasten hervorgegangenen Regenerate wurden 55 bzw. 70 Pflanzen zweier Calibrachoa Genotypen, sowie 85 bzw. 70 Pflanzen, regeneriert aus Mesophyll- bzw. Petalenprotoplasten eines Petunia-Genotyps, ins Gewächshaus überführt. Die Rate der erfolgreich ins Gewächshaus überführten Pflanzen lag bei 96 - 98 %. Neben zwei Pflanzen mit Chlorophylldefekten wurde für 2,3 und 5,8 % der untersuchten Pflanzen eine veränderte Ploidiezahl beobachtet. Die Selektion der Heterofusionsprodukte sollte zunächst durch die Stoffwechselinhibitoren Rhodamin 6G und Jodacetamid erfolgen. Es konnte jedoch keine Konzentration ermittelt werden bei der effektiv und reproduzierbar die Teilung der Protoplasten gehemmt wurde. Für die Protoplastenfusion wurde ein Protokoll zur Massenfusion mittels PEG etabliert. Durch die Verwendung von Petalenprotoplasten, gekennzeichnet durch ihre intensive Färbung als einer der Fusionspartner, war es möglich, die Fusion der Protoplasten sowie die Entwicklung der heterologen Fusionsprodukte während der ersten Teilungen zu verfolgen und so die Fusion zwischen Petunia- und Calibrachoa-Protoplasten nachzuweisen. Es konnten Heterofusionsraten von bis zu 17 % erzielt werden. Durch die Verwendung so genannter “Cell Finder“ Objektträger (Objektträger mit einem Koordinatensystem bestehend aus Feldern mit Buchstaben und Zahlen) auf die die Protoplasten nach der Fusion mittels Agarose plattiert wurden, konnte die Position der heterologen Fusionsprodukte auf dem Träger zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Kultur bestimmt werden. Die mutmaßlich heterologen Mikrokallusse wurden auf ein mit Agarose verfestigtes Kalluswachstumsmedium überführt. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die Sprossregeneration. Die Untersuchung der Fusionskallusse erfolgte mittels RAPD- bzw. AFLP-Analyse, dabei wiesen mehrere Kallusse aus Kombinationen verschiedener Genotypen Banden beider Eltern auf. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass es sich bei diesen um Hybridkallusse handelt. Bis zum Abschluss der vorliegenden Arbeit regenerierten zwei dieser Kallusse Sprosse. Der Hybridstatus dieser Sprosse konnte jedoch mittels RAPD-Analyse nicht nachgewiesen werden. (Schlagwörter: Petunia, Protoplasten, somatische Hybridisierungen) 2 Abstract Petunia and Calibrachoa are ornamental plants of worldwide economic importance. For breeding purposes it is interesting to combine the favourable characteristics of Calibrachoa, such as the spectrum of flower colours, and the better pH tolerance of Petunia. Somatic hybridization is a suitable method for combining these characteristics and for creating genetic variability in species that can not be hybridized by sexual crossings. Somatic hybridization between Petunia- and Calibrachoa- protoplasts was the main objective of presented PhD thesis. A system for protoplast isolation and regeneration of mesophyll and petal protoplasts was developed for different genotypes of Petunia and Calibrachoa. Depending on the genotype there was a big variation in the number of isolated protoplasts. Protoplast yield varried between 1,1 and 4,2 x 106 protoplasts per gramm fresh weight for Calobrachoa and between 0,6 and 3,5 x 106 protoplasts per gramm fresh weight for Petunia. The protoplast culture media for protoplast regeneration and callus culture contained auxins and cytokinins, both at the same proportion (1,0 or 0,5 mg/l). For shoot regeneration different media with different concentrations of cytokinins and auxins were tested. Cell division and callus formation were achieved for all genotypes, except one. Depending on the genotypes there was a big variation in cell division rates analyzed for seven Calibrachoa and four Petuia genotypes. Big differences where also observed in shoot regeneration. Shoot regeneration was only observed for four of nine analyzed Calibrachoa genotypes and was depending on phytohormon combination and concentration of the medium. Shoot regeneration was achieved only for some genotypes. A part of shoots (280 in total, originated from three different genotypes) were transferred into the greenhouse and analyzed by flow cytometry. The acclimatization rate varried between 96 and 98 %. The fraction of plants with changes in ploidy level was higher for two Calibrachoa genotypes (7,5 % and 5,8 %), regenerated from diploid base material, than for the Petunia genotype (2,3 % and 0 %), regenerated from tetraploid material. The heterofusion products should be selected by the cell cycle inhibitors rhodamine 6 G and iodoacetate. Unfortunately, no concentration for effective and reproducible inhibition of cell division was found and therefore this strategy was abandoned. A protocol for protoplast fusion applying PEG was established. The use of petal protoplasts as one fusion partner characterized by their colour allows the observation of heterofusion products during the first cell divisions. But the colour decreased with every cell division. Heterofusionrates up to 17 % could be obtained. Cell finder slides with a coordinate system offered the opportunity to identify the position of the heterofusion products which where fixed on the slide with agarose. The calluses regenerated from different fusion experiments were transferred to agarose solidified callus regeneration media. The calluses obtained where analysed RAPD analysis. Some of the amplified band pattern contained bands of both fusion parents. These calluses could be hybrid calluses. The hybrid nature of some calluses was also proven by AFLP analysis. Until the end of the presented PhD study only two of this calluses regenerated shoots but after RAPD analysis no hybrid Shoots were detected. (keywords: petunia, protoplasts, somatic hybridization) Inhaltsverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis........................................................................ Tabellenverzeichnis............................................................................. Abbildungsverzeichnis......................................................................... 1 Allgemeine Einleitung........................................................................ 1 2 Charakterisierung des Pflanzenmaterial............................................ 6 2.1 Einleitung........................................................................................................ 6 2.2 Material und Methoden............................................................................................ 7 2.2.1 Pflanzenmaterial und Kultur.................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Cytogenetische Untersuchung des Pflanzenmaterial mittels Durchfluss- cytometrie................................................................................................................. 10 2.2.3 Molekulargenetische Untersuchung des Pflanzenmaterials..................................... 10 2.2.3.1 Isolierung von Gesamt-DNA............................................................................. 11 2.2.3.2 Agarosegelelektrophorese.................................................................................. 11 2.2.3.3 Bestimmung der DNA-Konzentration............................................................... 12 2.2.3.4 RAPD-PCR........................................................................................................ 12 2.2.3.5
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Thesis (Complete)
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The evolutionary divergence of the genetic networks that control flowering in distinct species Della Pina, S. Publication date 2016 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Della Pina, S. (2016). The evolutionary divergence of the genetic networks that control flowering in distinct species. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:10 Oct 2021 THE EVOLUTIONARY DIVERGENCE OF THE GENETIC NETWORKS THAT CONTROL FLOWERING IN DISTINCT SPECIES Cover design: Daniela Lazzini, after an idea of Serena Della Pina. THE EVOLUTIONARY DIVERGENCE OF THE GENETIC NETWORKS THAT CONTROL FLOWERING IN DISTINCT SPECIES ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof.
    [Show full text]
  • A Molecular Phylogeny of the Solanaceae
    TAXON 57 (4) • November 2008: 1159–1181 Olmstead & al. • Molecular phylogeny of Solanaceae MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae Richard G. Olmstead1*, Lynn Bohs2, Hala Abdel Migid1,3, Eugenio Santiago-Valentin1,4, Vicente F. Garcia1,5 & Sarah M. Collier1,6 1 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A. *olmstead@ u.washington.edu (author for correspondence) 2 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A. 3 Present address: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt 4 Present address: Jardin Botanico de Puerto Rico, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Apartado Postal 364984, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico 5 Present address: Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. 6 Present address: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A. A phylogeny of Solanaceae is presented based on the chloroplast DNA regions ndhF and trnLF. With 89 genera and 190 species included, this represents a nearly comprehensive genus-level sampling and provides a framework phylogeny for the entire family that helps integrate many previously-published phylogenetic studies within So- lanaceae. The four genera comprising the family Goetzeaceae and the monotypic families Duckeodendraceae, Nolanaceae, and Sclerophylaceae, often recognized in traditional classifications, are shown to be included in Solanaceae. The current results corroborate previous studies that identify a monophyletic subfamily Solanoideae and the more inclusive “x = 12” clade, which includes Nicotiana and the Australian tribe Anthocercideae. These results also provide greater resolution among lineages within Solanoideae, confirming Jaltomata as sister to Solanum and identifying a clade comprised primarily of tribes Capsiceae (Capsicum and Lycianthes) and Physaleae.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Ecology of Arid-Land Wetlands; a Watershed Moment for Ciénega Conservation
    Plant Ecology of Arid-land Wetlands; a Watershed Moment for Ciénega Conservation by Dustin Wolkis A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Approved February 2016 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Juliet C Stromberg, Chair Sharon Hall Andrew Salywon Elizabeth Makings ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2016 ABSTRACT It’s no secret that wetlands have dramatically declined in the arid and semiarid American West, yet the small number of wetlands that persist provide vital ecosystem services. Ciénega is a term that refers to a freshwater arid-land wetland. Today, even in areas where ciénegas are prominent they occupy less than 0.1% of the landscape. This investigation assesses the distribution of vascular plant species within and among ciénegas and address linkages between environmental factors and wetland plant communities. Specifically, I ask: 1) What is the range of variability among ciénegas, with respect to wetland area, soil organic matter, plant species richness, and species composition? 2) How is plant species richness influenced locally by soil moisture, soil salinity, and canopy cover, and regionally by elevation, flow gradient (percent slope), and temporally by season? And 3) Within ciénegas, how do soil moisture, soil salinity, and canopy cover influence plant species community composition? To answer these questions I measured environmental variables and quantified vegetation at six cienegas within the Santa Cruz Watershed in southern Arizona over one spring and two post-monsoon periods. Ciénegas are highly variable with respect to wetland area, soil organic matter, plant species richness, and species composition. Therefore, it is important to conserve the ciénega landscape as opposed to conserving a single ciénega.
    [Show full text]
  • The 12Th Solanaceae Conference
    SOL2015 would like to thank our sponsors: The 12th Solanaceae Conference The 12th Solanaceae Conference 1 The 12th Solanaceae Conference 2 CONTENTS Scientific Committee, Conference Chairs and Speakers ..................................... 4 Map of the Conference Site ............................................................................... 5 Social Events ..................................................................................................... 6 Program at a Glance .......................................................................................... 9 Scientific Program ............................................................................................. 10 Abstract (Monday, October 26th) Keynote lecture (KL‐1) ...................................................................................... 23 Session I – Plant Growth & Development ........................................................ 24 Session II – Biodiversity .................................................................................... 27 Session III – Molecular Breeding ...................................................................... 30 Session IV – Bioinformatics and SGN Workshop .............................................. 32 Abstract (Tuesday, October 27th) Keynote lecture (KL‐2) ...................................................................................... 34 Session V – Flower, Fruit and Tuber Biology .................................................... 35 Abstract (Wednesday, October 28th) Keynote lecture (KL‐3)
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of Stockton/Port Hunter Sandy Foreshores
    Flora of the Stockton and Port Hunter sandy foreshores with comments on fifteen notable introduced species. Petrus C. Heyligers CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, AUSTRALIA. [email protected] Abstract: Between 1993 and 2005 I investigated the introduced plant species on the Newcastle foreshores at Stockton and Macquaries Pier (lat 32º 56’ S, long 151º 47’ E). At North Stockton in a rehabilitated area, cleared of *Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata, and planted with *Ammophila arenaria interspersed with native shrubs, mainly Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae and Leptospermum laevigatum, is a rich lora of introduced species of which *Panicum racemosum and *Cyperus conglomeratus have gradually become dominant in the groundcover. Notwithstanding continuing maintenance, *Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata has re-established among the native shrubs, and together with Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae, is important in sand stabilisation along the seaward edge of the dune terrace. The foredune of Little Park Beach, just inside the Northern Breakwater, is dominated by Spinifex sericeus and backed by Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae-*Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata shrubbery. In places the shrubbery has given way to introduced species such as *Oenothera drummondii, *Tetragonia decumbens and especially *Heterotheca grandilora. At Macquaries Pier *Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata forms an almost continuous fringe between the rocks that protect the pier against heavy southerlies. However, its presence on adjacent Nobbys Beach is localised and the general aspect of this beach is no different from any other along the coast as it is dominated by Spinifex sericeus. Many foreign plant species occur around the sandy foreshores at Port Hunter.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Instituto De Biociências Departamento De Genética Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Genética E Biologia Molecular
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE GENÉTICA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GENÉTICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR História Evolutiva do gênero Calibrachoa La Llave & Lex. (Solanaceae) JÉFERSON NUNES FREGONEZI Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da UFRGS como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências. Orientação: Loreta Brandão de Freitas Porto Alegre, junho de 2009. O presente trabalho foi executado no Laboratório de Evolução Molecular do Departamento de Genética da Universidade Federal no Rio Grande do Sul. As reações de sequenciamento foram realizadas no Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular da Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Fontes Financiadoras: - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES) - Fundação Biodiversitas/Fundo de Parceria para Ecossistemas Críticos (CEPF) - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) - Programa de Apoio a Núcleos de Excelência (PRONEX) - Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (PROPESQ - UFRGS) “Ali, nos mirantes mais altos do Rio Grande do Sul, com as forças milenares da erosão a trabalhar diante dos olhos, com os temerosos abismos dos canhões aos pés, com o pinhal, a mata branca e o campo, tão rio- grandenses, em derredor, com o oceano no horizonte, as gerações do futuro nos hão de agradecer a piedade e reverência com que conservamos as mais grandiosas paisagens da nossa terra.” (Pe. Balduíno Rambo) AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a todos que contribuíram na elaboração deste trabalho, em especial: À minha orientadora, Loreta Brandão de Freitas, pela grande oportunidade oferecida, por todo apoio e orientação ao longo de todo o trabalho, e principalmente pela paciência nos momentos finais.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Federal Da Fronteira Sul Campus Cerro Largo Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ambiente E Tecnologias Sustentáveis
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA FRONTEIRA SUL CAMPUS CERRO LARGO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AMBIENTE E TECNOLOGIAS SUSTENTÁVEIS SUZANA DOS SANTOS DE SOUZA BIOLOGIA FLORAL E REPRODUTIVA DE Petunia interior T. Ando & Hashim. (SOLANACEAE) CERRO LARGO 2020 SUZANA DOS SANTOS DE SOUZA BIOLOGIA FLORAL E REPRODUTIVA DE Petunia interior T. Ando & Hashim (SOLANACEAE) Dissertação de Mestrado, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Tecnologias Sustentáveis da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ambiente e Tecnologias Sustentáveis. Linha de Pesquisa: Qualidade ambiental Orientadora: Profª Drª Mardiore Pinheiro Coorientadora: Profª Drª Carla Garlet de Pelegrin CERRO LARGO 2020 RESUMO O gênero Petunia Juss é representado por espécies herbáceas caracterizadas, principalmente, por possuir flores hermafroditas com diferentes cores (brancas, vermelhas e tons púrpuros) e interações com diferentes grupos de polinizadores (mariposas, beija-flores e abelhas). Considerando a existência de interações especializadas entre espécies de Petunia e abelhas oligoléticas, e que a sobrevivência destes insetos depende da conservação de suas plantas preferidas, evidenciamos a necessidade de conhecer e divulgar informações sobre a biologia floral e reprodutiva de Petunia interior, uma espécie, cujas flores são polinizadas por abelhas. O estudo foi realizado em uma área pertencente a Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, no município de Cerro Largo (28°08'29.5"S; 54°45'42.2"W), Rio Grande do Sul,
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature and Photoperiod Influence Flowering And
    HORTSCIENCE 45(3):365–368. 2010. native to temperate and subtropical South America. Wild relative species may hold po- tential for improvement of the cultivated Temperature and Photoperiod petunia (P. ·hybrida). Petunia ·hybrida is derived from a cross between P. axillaris and Influence Flowering and Morphology P. integrifolia (Stehmann et al., 2009), and Petunia spp. are generally cross-compatible of Four Petunia spp. (Ando et al., 2001; Watanabe et al., 1996, 2001), although fertility varies widely between Ryan M. Warner1 parental species combinations. Little informa- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, A234 Plant and Soil tion is available concerning the influence of Science, East Lansing, MI 48824 light and temperature on floral timing and crop quality characteristics of wild Petunia spp. Additional index words. development rate, photoperiodism, Petunia axillaris, Petunia exserta, Therefore, the objectives of work presented Petunia ·hybrida, Petunia integrifolia here were to: 1) determine the photoperiodic response group for P. ·hybrida ‘Mitchell’ and Abstract. Flowering and morphology of four Petunia Juss. spp. [P. axillaris (Lam.) Britton three wild relative species; and 2) evaluate the et al., P. exserta Stehmann, P. integrifolia (Hook.) Schinz & Thell., and P. ·hybrida Vilm.] influence of photoperiod and temperature on were evaluated in response to photoperiod and temperature. Photoperiod responses were crop timing and quality parameters. evaluated under 9-h short days (SD), 9-h photoperiod plus 4-h night-interruption lighting (NI), or a 16-h photoperiod supplemented with high-pressure sodium lamps (16-h HPS). Materials and Methods All species flowered earlier under NI than SD and were classified as facultative (quantitative) long-day plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report
    Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report By Dr. Terri Hildebrand Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT and Dr. Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting, Kanab, UT Colorado Plateau Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit Agreement # H1200-09-0005 1 May 2012 Prepared for Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Southern Utah University National Park Service Mojave Network TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Introduction . 4 Study Area . 6 History and Setting . 6 Geology and Associated Ecoregions . 6 Soils and Climate . 7 Vegetation . 10 Previous Botanical Studies . 11 Methods . 17 Results . 21 Discussion . 28 Conclusions . 32 Acknowledgments . 33 Literature Cited . 34 Figures Figure 1. Location of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 5 Figure 2. Ecoregions and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 8 Figure 3. Soil types and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 9 Figure 4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confirmed as present in Grand Canyon- Parashant National Monument by decade, 1900-2011 . 13 Figure 5. Southern Utah University students enrolled in the 2010 Plant Anatomy and Diversity course that collected during the 30 August 2010 experiential learning event . 18 Figure 6. 2010-2011 collection sites and transportation routes in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 22 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Tables Table 1. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts at Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument . 14 Table 2. Data fields in the annotated checklist of the flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (Appendices A, B, C, and D) .
    [Show full text]
  • High Levels of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in an Endemic and Rare Species: Implications for Conservation
    Research Article High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: implications for conservation Caroline Turchetto1,†, Ana Lu´cia A. Segatto1,†, Geraldo Ma¨der1,†, Daniele M. Rodrigues1, Sandro L. Bonatto2 and Loreta B. Freitas1* 1 Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, PO Box 15053, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 2 Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, Pontifı´cia Universidade Cato´lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Received: 20 August 2015; Accepted: 5 January 2016; Published: 13 January 2016 Associate Editor: Bao-Rong Lu Citation: Turchetto C, Segatto ALA, Ma¨der G, Rodrigues DM, Bonatto SL, Freitas LB. 2016. High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: implications for conservation. AoB PLANTS 8: plw002; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw002 Abstract. The analysis of genetic structure and variability of isolated species is of critical importance in evaluating whether stochastic or human-caused factors are affecting rare species. Low genetic diversity compromises the ability of populations to evolve and reduces their chances of survival under environmental changes. Petunia secreta,arare and endemic species, is an annual and heliophilous herb that is bee-pollinated and easily recognizable by its purple and salverform corolla. It was described as a new species of the Petunia genus in 2005. Few individuals of P. secreta have been observed in nature and little is known about this species. All the natural populations of P.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Diego County 5Th Edition
    cHeckliSt of tHe vaScUlaR PlaNtS of SaN DieGo coUNty 5th edition Pinus torreyana subsp. torreyana Downingia concolor var. brevior Thermopsis californica var. semota Pogogyne abramsii Hulsea californica Cylindropuntia fosbergii Dudleya brevifolia Chorizanthe orcuttiana Astragalus deanei by Jon P. Rebman and Michael G. Simpson San Diego Natural History Museum and San Diego State University examples of checklist taxa: SPecieS SPecieS iNfRaSPecieS iNfRaSPecieS NaMe aUtHoR RaNk & NaMe aUtHoR Eriodictyon trichocalyx A. Heller var. lanatum (Brand) Jepson {SD 135251} [E. t. subsp. l. (Brand) Munz] Hairy yerba Santa SyNoNyM SyMBol foR NoN-NATIVE, NATURaliZeD PlaNt *Erodium cicutarium (L.) Aiton {SD 122398} red-Stem Filaree/StorkSbill HeRBaRiUM SPeciMeN coMMoN DocUMeNTATION NaMe SyMBol foR PlaNt Not liSteD iN THE JEPSON MANUAL †Rhus aromatica Aiton var. simplicifolia (Greene) Conquist {SD 118139} Single-leaF SkunkbruSH SyMBol foR StRict eNDeMic TO SaN DieGo coUNty §§Dudleya brevifolia (Moran) Moran {SD 130030} SHort-leaF dudleya [D. blochmaniae (Eastw.) Moran subsp. brevifolia Moran] 1B.1 S1.1 G2t1 ce SyMBol foR NeaR eNDeMic TO SaN DieGo coUNty §Nolina interrata Gentry {SD 79876} deHeSa nolina 1B.1 S2 G2 ce eNviRoNMeNTAL liStiNG SyMBol foR MiSiDeNtifieD PlaNt, Not occURRiNG iN coUNty (Note: this symbol used in appendix 1 only.) ?Cirsium brevistylum Cronq. indian tHiStle i checklist of the vascular plants of san Diego county 5th edition by Jon p. rebman and Michael g. simpson san Diego natural history Museum and san Diego state university publication of: san Diego natural history Museum san Diego, california ii Copyright © 2014 by Jon P. Rebman and Michael G. Simpson Fifth edition 2014. isBn 0-918969-08-5 Copyright © 2006 by Jon P.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Plant Reviews, Flowering and Its Manipulation
    Flowering and its Manipulation Edited by CHARLES AINSWORTH Department of Agricultural Sciences Imperial College Wye Campus Ashford Kent UK Flowering and its Manipulation Annual Plant Reviews A series for researchers and postgraduates in the plant sciences. Each volume in this series focuses on a theme of topical importance and emphasis is placed on rapid publication. Editorial Board: Professor Jeremy A. Roberts (Editor-in-Chief), Plant Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK; Dr David Evans, School of Biological and Molecular Sci- ences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP; Professor Hidemasa Imaseki, Obata-Minami 2419, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463, Japan; Dr Michael T. McManus, Institute of Molecular BioSciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Dr Jocelyn K.C. Rose, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. Titles in the series: 1. Arabidopsis Edited by M. Anderson and J.A. Roberts 2. Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism Edited by M. Wink 3. Functions of Plant Secondary Metabolites and their Exploitation in Biotechnology Edited by M. Wink 4. Molecular Plant Pathology Edited by M. Dickinson and J. Beynon 5. Vacuolar Compartments Edited by D.G. Robinson and J.C. Rogers 6. Plant Reproduction Edited by S.D. O’Neill and J.A. Roberts 7. Protein–Protein Interactions in Plant Biology Edited by M.T. McManus, W.A. Laing and A.C. Allan 8. The Plant Cell Wall Edited by J.K.C. Rose 9. The Golgi Apparatus and the Plant Secretory Pathway Edited by D.G. Robinson 10. The Plant Cytoskeleton in Cell Differentiation and Development Edited by P.J.
    [Show full text]