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MPEG-2 and DVB Digital Broadcasting

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MPEG-2 PSI (Program Specific Information) Data Broadcasting, DSM-CC (ISO/IEC 13818-6) Profiles: PMT Data Piping: Transport of anonymous nonsynchronized bitstreams (Ex.: ATM) Program PID 0xYY Program DVB makes it possible to Data Streaming: Transport of asynchronous, synchronous or synchronized bit streams (i.e. subtitling, home shopping) MPEG-2 and DVB Program Map Table Association Periodic transport of files of data. (i.e. EPG and interactive applications) PMT Map T able choose a program; Data Carousels: Table MPEG-2 makes it possible Multiprotocol Encapsulation (MPE): IP transmission over MPEG-2. (i.e. Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast) Acterna Test & Measurement Solutions Characteristics Service 1 PID 0x00 PID 0x01 PAT Conditional to locate the program. CAT Data 010001110 Applications Access Table 0001111001 Digital Broadcasting Piping 1110100110 PAT ES n°1 PID ESn°1 Application level interface MPEG-2 detailed T ransport Str eam (T S) Syntax SI for actual TS and other TSs: Program Association Table DVB SI (Service Information) service service service service service TS Header : 4 Bytes MPE TCP/IP ES n°2 PID ESn°2 TS received specific specific specific specific specific transport payload transport adaptation PID 0x10 Network Time and sync transport adaptation continuity error unit start PID scrambling field Payload NIT NIT Network A: Network B: byte priority field control counter PMT Service 0 PID Date Table indicator indicator control (optional) Information Table .doc PID 0x14 Data 8 1 1 1 13 2 2 4 184 x 8 bits ES n°3 PID ESn°3 PID 0x11 NITactual NITother .xls .dll DVB Bouquet TDT Carousels PMT Service 1 PID1 BAT datagram object Association Table carousel adaptation random elementary stuffing spec. (e.g.) discontinuity optional Running field access stream priority 5 flags bytes Audio IP/IPX) indicator fields ES n°4 PID ECM PID 0x11 Data DSM-CC length indicator idnicator (N x 8) Status Table SDTactual SDTother SDTother DVB data Service Streaming Data object PMT Service 2 PID 2 SDT DVB multi- 8 1 1 1 5 PID 0x13 Video carousel Description Table RST protocol carousel … encaps. transport adaptation PID 0x12 DSM-CC DSM-CC transport ... Event : service specific DVB data splice private field optional DSM-CC data data OPCR private 3 flags DTS EIT Time Offset EIT P/F a ctual EITP/F and EITP/F and streaming PCR countdown data extension fields ltw_valid ltw piece wise type priv. data carousel carousel data next Information Table Schedule other Schedule other : DVB defined length length flag offset rate splice au Characteristics Service i Table EITSchedule (application area) DVB data 48 48 8 8 (M*8) 8 8 (3) actual piping … : DSM-CC defined PES section (33+9) (33+9) 1 15 24 (22) 4 36 (33) ST Stuffing Table TOT Mandatory Optional : other standard MPEG-2 Transport Stream Audio Masking MPEG-2 baseband interfaces: ES n°j PID ESn°j (IETF, ISO) dB DVB-ASI: 270 Mbit/s, coax 75 ohms or fiber optic PMT Service i PIDi data_broadcast_id: 0x0001 0x0002..4 0x0005 0x0006 0x0007 DVB-SPI or LVDS: max. 108 Mbit/s, type D pin 25 (100 ohms) PCR, SI/PSI, ES n°k PID ESn°k 60 CA, EPG TS Packet 40 Data (IP) (188 Bytes) 20 quiet threshold 0 X SI tables for PAT PMT PMT Video Audio Data ECM ES j CAT EMM MUX MPEG-2 Transport Stream . actual TS or Data 0.02 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 kHz Service 1 Service 2 Service 1 (PID 0x10) System1 (PID 0x00) Service 1 Service 1 other TSs ESs TS Packet (188 Bytes) Stuffing/Adaptation field compression TS Header Payload (184 Bytes) (4 Bytes) Encrypted ES Picture packet PES MPEG-2 System Syntax MPEG-2 PES optional Slice start stream packet Detailed PES Syntax code PES PES packet data bytes id length every ES bit is “XORed” PES (ISO/IEC 13818-1) prefix header with the CTRL_WORD o Macroblock Header Useful data 24 8 16 SERVICE_KEY CA System 1 PID EMM n 1 w Decryption Decryption ES Video Image PES data PES stuffing Block PES original SERVICE_KEY optional w 10 scrambling alignment copyright 7 flags header bytes CTRL_WORD o Syntax structure priority or copy fields CONTROL_WORD 8x8 pixels control indicator data length (FF) CA System 2 PID EMM n 2 I P B w Levels: 2 2 1 1 1 1 8 8 M*8 EMM Low (SIF): up to 360x288 [0xA] ; STB or IRD USER_KEY Main: up to 720x576 [0x8] GOP (Group Of Pictures): Inter-Frame prediction DSM . additional PTS ES PES PES j trick High-1440 (HDTV): up to 1440x1153 [6]; DTS ESCR rate copy info CRC extension USER_KEY d High (HDTV): up to 1920x1152 [4] Transmission and mode o I P B1 B2 P2 B3 B4 I2 B5 B6 CA System i PID EMM n i Profiles: Decoding order 1 1 40(33) 48 24 8 8 (7) 16 (smart card) Simple (no B) [0x5]; 40(33) (42) (22) s Main (I, P, B image type) [0x4]; optional 5 flags Decrypted ES CAT: Conditional u Scalable [0x3]; Spatially Scalable [0x2]; Presentation : Optional field fields TV High (HDTV) [0x1] I B B P B B P B B I Access Table 1 1 2 1 3 4 2 5 6 2 . Chrominance: order 8 (5) c 4:2:0 [0x1]; 4:2:2 [0x2] PES pack program packet PES P-STD private header sequence extension o buffer Transmission (modulation) [0x...] : Hex value data field counter field Reception (STB or IRD) FEC (Forward Error Correction) . m 128 8 16 (8) 16 (N*8)+8 . Tuner, Demodulator, Equalizer (Common for Cable/Satellite/Terrestrial): FEC (Common for Cable/Satellite/Terrestrial): 1) Energy dispersal JDSU Digital Broadcast Test & Monitoring Solutions: ETR-290/TR101-290 tables and timing measurement guideline: . / 2) Outer Coding RS (204, 188, 8) a ETR Late PCR and PTS arrivals 1) Inner Decoding (Viterbi): Satellite only MPEG-2 Transport Stream Generation, Simulation, Capture and Analysis PCR spacing: 2.3 40 ms Value 3) Forney Interleaving 2) De-interleaving c Digital Broadcast Test Solutions for Labs and Field Applications PCR discontinuity: 2.3 100 ms PCR jitter: of PCR 4) Inner Coding (Viterbi): Satellite only Flexible and complete MPEG-2, DVB, and ATSC test solution 2.4 ± 500 ns 3) Outer Decoding RS (204, 188, 8) . PTS spacing: 2.5 700 ms t Modular design provides flexibility to add interfaces and features or PTS Formatting, filtering, DAC (I,Q) . PCR Accuracy (13818-1): . e Expert A/V Analysis ± 500 ns 4) Descrambling . PCR Offset (138-18-1): ± 810 Hz QAM/QPSK/OFDM Modulation; IF Up- . DVB-RCS Analysis and Simulation Demux Transport Stream . PCR Drift (13818-1): ± 75 mHz/s . conversion; Amplification; or GigE r Missing MPEG Decoder TV n QoS All Along the Broadcast Chain . transport PAT: 1.3 0.5 s 2 s Received PCR Digital Broadcast Monitoring System PMT: 1.5 0.5 s 2 s Computed 27 MHz clock a . Network Operator’s tool for detailed MPEG-2/DVB problem diagnosis CAT: 2.6 2 s 8 s Aim of FEC: Not error-free channel (BER approx. 10-4 - 10-3) QEF channel (BER approx. 10-10 - 10-12) Advanced Surveillance Platform for digital and analog TV NIT: 3.1 10 s 40 s PCR transmission delay . BAT: 10 s 40 s . DVB Service Assurance Min. table spacing 3.2 25 ms PCR inaccuracy Energy dispersal: obtain an evenly distributed energy within the RF channel by means of PRBS (187 bytes randomized -Sync. not scrambled) Real-time global EPG creation on a single transport stream . SDT Actual: 3.5 2 s 8 s Received frame with PTS RS (Reed Solomon): error correction coding (can correct up to 8 erroneous bytes) SDT Other: 3.5 10 s 40 s . Frame presence in buffer Forney convolution interleaving: increase the efficiency of RS (temporary spreading of burst errors) Detailed information under: EIT P/F Actual: 3.6 2 s 8 s Arrival time . www.jdsu.com/acterna EIT P/F Other: 3.6 10 s 40 s EIT Schedule: 3-6 10-30 s 40-120 s Glossa ry and Acronyms CIF Co mmon Intermediate Format 360x288 @ 30 Hz DVB-RCS Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel Satellite I, Q In phase and Quadrature signals (carrier digital modulation MVDS Multipoint Video Distribution System QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation TDT Time and Date Table General Standard: C/N TH 13/18 V Vert/Hor polarization switching (Sat) or CNR Carrier-to-Noise-Ratio (dB) DVB-S Digital Video Broadcasting -Satellite - phase and amplitude) NAB National Association of Broadcasters Type of modulation for digital signals used in CaTV transmission Transport Stream Header ISO/IEC 3818-1...4 and 6: Information Technology - Generic coding of COF DM NIT 22 kHz H igh/Low Band switching (Sat) Coded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplex Broadcasting TV signals to digital standard via satellite. IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder. Receiver with MPEG-2 Network Information Table (DVB-C). Amplitude and phase of a carrier are modulated in order TIFF Tagged Image File Format moving pictures and associated audio information: Part 1: Systems CRC 64QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation with 64 states Cyclic Redundancy Check DVB-SMATV Satellite Master Antenna TV decoder (Set Top Box) Information about orbit, transponder etc. to carry information. TM Technical Module (DVB-Project) (ITU-T H.222.0), Part 2: Video (Rec. ITU-T H.262), Part 3: Audio: Audio CSA DVB-T NTSC ADC Analog-Digital Converter Common Scrambling Algorithm Digital Video Broadcasting -Terrestrial IRE Institute of Radio Engineers National TV Standard Committee QCIF Quarter Common Intermediate Format TOT Time Offset Table for surround sound: Layer: L1, L2 (DVB, DAB, DVD), L3 (Mp3): MPEG-2 D/A Digital-Analog Terrestrial broadcasting of TV signals to digital standard.
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