Presentation on TIDAL POWER
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OCCASION This Publication Has Been Made Available to the Public on The
OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26026-0 · www.unido.org · [email protected] UNIDO INVESTMENT AND TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION OFFICE For China in Beijing The Work Report 2012 December , 2012 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Forward by Hu Yuandong, Head of the Office Yearly Special Programs under Implementation I. -
Action Points to Advance Commercialisation of the Dutch Tidal Energy Sector
Action points to advance commercialisation of the Dutch tidal energy sector An analysis of the tidal energy Technological Innovation System in combination with lessons learned from the development of the wind energy industry Master thesis J.P. van Zuijlen Figure 1. Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier. Source: http://dutchmarineenergy.com/ Name: Johannes Petrus (Jan) van Zuijlen Student nr: 5610494 Email: [email protected] Utrecht University University supervisors: 1st: Prof. dr. Gert Jan Kramer 2nd: Dr. Paul Schot University innovation supervisor: Dr. Maryse M.H. Chappin ECTS: 30 Company: Dutch Marine Energy Centre Supervisor: Britta Schaffmeister MSc Date: 19/01/2018 2 Abstract Water management has traditionally been focused on water safety, hygiene and agricultural problems, however, given the current need for sustainability in order to combat climate change, the possible production of sustainable energy is a desirable extension of integral water management. Tidal energy is a form of ocean energy which harnesses energy from the tides and has the potential to contribute significantly to sustainable energy solutions in certain coastal regions, thereby reducing carbon emissions and fighting climate change worldwide. Activities surrounding tidal energy have grown substantially over the last 10 years in Europe as well as in the Netherlands, however the technology is diffusing slowly. The aim of this thesis is finding action points that will advance commercialisation of the Dutch tidal energy sector. The method consists of a desk study on the evolution of wind energy in combination with a Technological Innovation System analysis of the Dutch tidal energy sector for which 12 professionals have been interviewed. This study showed that the following three aspects of the tidal energy TIS performance poorly and need attention: Market formation, the creation of legitimacy and knowledge development. -
An Overview of the Best Suitable Locations for Marine Renewable
An overview of the best suitable locations for marine renewable energy (MRE) development in the PECC economies given local constraints and opportunities: ‘The best locations worldwide’ Marc Le Boulluec Energy Transition 2013-2014 Transition Energy [email protected] June 24-25, 2014 | Santiago, Chile | 2014 June24-25, Ifremer, Centre de Bretagne Laboratoire Comportement des Structures en Mer PECC International Project: Project: PECCInternational From Prototype to Market: Development of marine renewable energy policies and regional cooperation 1 What are : ‘The best locations worldwide’ ? Energy Transition 2013-2014 Transition Energy June 24-25, 2014 | Santiago, Chile | 2014 June24-25, No definite answer but a combination of items to address PECC International Project: Project: PECCInternational and some possible tracks From Prototype to Market: Development of marine renewable energy policies and regional cooperation 2 Best locations = Combination of Resource availability versus Loads on structures Energy use at short distance or Energy transport on long distance Grid connection and energy storage Industry and transport infrastructures : shipyards, harbours,… Energy Transition 2013-2014 Transition Energy June 24-25, 2014 | Santiago, Chile | 2014 June24-25, Facilities and associated manpower (training and education) Installation Operation and maintenance Dismantling PECC International Project: Project: PECCInternational Monitoring Environmental and Social acceptability From Prototype to Market: Development of marine renewable energy policies and regional cooperation 3 Resource and loads addressed during PECC Seminar 2 on Marine Resources: Oceans as a Source of Renewable Energy Wind Currents Waves Energy Transition 2013-2014 Transition Energy June 24-25, 2014 | Santiago, Chile | 2014 June24-25, Thermal + Biomass + Salinity gradient PECC International Project: Project: PECCInternational From Prototype to Market: Development of marine renewable energy policies and regional cooperation 4 Wind energy Wind energy is an intermittent resource. -
Collision Risk of Fish with Wave and Tidal Devices
Commissioned by RPS Group plc on behalf of the Welsh Assembly Government Collision Risk of Fish with Wave and Tidal Devices Date: July 2010 Project Ref: R/3836/01 Report No: R.1516 Commissioned by RPS Group plc on behalf of the Welsh Assembly Government Collision Risk of Fish with Wave and Tidal Devices Date: July 2010 Project Ref: R/3836/01 Report No: R.1516 © ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Version Details of Change Authorised By Date 1 Pre-Draft A J Pearson 06.03.09 2 Draft A J Pearson 01.05.09 3 Final C A Roberts 28.08.09 4 Final A J Pearson 17.12.09 5 Final C A Roberts 27.07.10 Document Authorisation Signature Date Project Manager: A J Pearson Quality Manager: C R Scott Project Director: S C Hull ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Suite B, Waterside House Town Quay Tel: +44(0)23 8071 1840 SOUTHAMPTON Fax: +44(0)23 8071 1841 Hampshire Web: www.abpmer.co.uk SO14 2AQ Email: [email protected] Collision Risk of Fish with Wave and Tidal Devices Summary The Marine Renewable Energy Strategic Framework for Wales (MRESF) is seeking to provide for the sustainable development of marine renewable energy in Welsh waters. As one of the recommendations from the Stage 1 study, a requirement for further evaluation of fish collision risk with wave and tidal stream energy devices was identified. This report seeks to provide an objective assessment of the potential for fish to collide with wave or tidal devices, including a review of existing impact prediction and monitoring data where available. -
Hybrid Neural Fuzzy Design-Based Rotational Speed Control of a Tidal Stream Generator Plant
sustainability Article Hybrid Neural Fuzzy Design-Based Rotational Speed Control of a Tidal Stream Generator Plant Khaoula Ghefiri 1,2,* , Izaskun Garrido 2 , Soufiene Bouallègue 1, Joseph Haggège 1 and Aitor J. Garrido 2 1 Laboratory of Research in Automatic Control—LA.R.A, National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT), University of Tunis El Manar, BP 37, Le Belvédère, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; soufi[email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (J.H.) 2 Automatic Control Group—ACG, Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country, 48012 Bilbao, Spain; [email protected] (I.G.); [email protected] (A.J.G.) * Correspondence: kghefi[email protected]; Tel.: +34-94-601-4443 Received: 20 August 2018; Accepted: 12 October 2018; Published: 17 October 2018 Abstract: Artificial Intelligence techniques have shown outstanding results for solving many tasks in a wide variety of research areas. Its excellent capabilities for the purpose of robust pattern recognition which make them suitable for many complex renewable energy systems. In this context, the Simulation of Tidal Turbine in a Digital Environment seeks to make the tidal turbines competitive by driving up the extracted power associated with an adequate control. An increment in power extraction can only be archived by improved understanding of the behaviors of key components of the turbine power-train (blades, pitch-control, bearings, seals, gearboxes, generators and power-electronics). Whilst many of these components are used in wind turbines, the loading regime for a tidal turbine is quite different. This article presents a novel hybrid Neural Fuzzy design to control turbine power-trains with the objective of accurately deriving and improving the generated power. -
Dynamic Tidal Power (Dtp): a Review of a Promising Technique for Harvesting Sustainable Energy at Sea
DYNAMIC TIDAL POWER (DTP): A REVIEW OF A PROMISING TECHNIQUE FOR HARVESTING SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AT SEA From : Harmen Talstra, Tom Pak (Svašek Hydraulics) To : ir. W.L. Walraven (Stichting DTP Netherlands) Date : 29 July 2020 Reference : 2037/U20232/A/HTAL Checked by : A.J. Bliek Status : Draft on behalf of whitepaper 1 INTRODUCTION This memorandum describes the technique of Dynamic Tidal Power (DTP), a conceptually new way of harvesting large-scale tidal energy at open sea; in particular we focus upon the hydrodynamic aspects of it. At present, most existing installations exploiting tidal energy encompass a structure at the mouth of a river, estuary or tidal basin. This rather small scale limits the amount of sustainable energy that can be extracted, whereas these type of exploitations may cause conflicts with other (e.g. economical or ecological) functions of vulnerable coastal or estuarine waters. The concept of DTP includes a truly large-scale sustainable energy production by utilizing the tidal wave propagation at open sea. This can be done by creating a water head difference over a (very) long dike, roughly perpendicular to the local tidal flow direction, taking advantage of the oscillatory dynamic behaviour of tidal waves. These dikes can be considered as long sequences of pre-fab solid dike modules, containing a large concentration of energy turbines. Dikes can be either attached to an existing coast line, or be constructed at a detached “stand-alone” location at open sea (for instance in combination with an offshore wind farm). The presence of such long dikes at open sea can possibly be utilized for additional economical and environmental functionalities as well. -
Tidal Power: an Effective Method of Generating Power
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 2, Issue 5, May-2011 1 ISSN 2229-5518 Tidal Power: An Effective Method of Generating Power Shaikh Md. Rubayiat Tousif, Shaiyek Md. Buland Taslim Abstract—This article is about tidal power. It describes tidal power and the various methods of utilizing tidal power to generate electricity. It briefly discusses each method and provides details of calculating tidal power generation and energy most effectively. The paper also focuses on the potential this method of generating electricity has and why this could be a common way of producing electricity in the near future. Index Terms — dynamic tidal power, tidal power, tidal barrage, tidal steam generator. —————————— —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION IDAL power, also called tidal energy, is a form of ly or indirectly from the Sun, including fossil fuels, con- Thydropower that converts the energy of tides into ventional hydroelectric, wind, biofuels, wave power and electricity or other useful forms of power. The first solar. Nuclear energy makes use of Earth's mineral depo- large-scale tidal power plant (the Rance Tidal Power Sta- sits of fissile elements, while geothermal power uses the tion) started operation in 1966. Earth's internal heat which comes from a combination of Although not yet widely used, tidal power has poten- residual heat from planetary accretion (about 20%) and tial for future electricity generation. Tides are more pre- heat produced through radioactive decay (80%). dictable than wind energy and solar power. Among Tidal energy is extracted from the relative motion of sources of renewable energy, tidal power has traditionally large bodies of water. -
Bretagne Ocean Power
TEAM UP WITH BRETAGNE TO DEVELOP MARINE RENEWABLES MREs IN BRITTANY / PILOT FARMS / COMMERCIAL FARMS TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE A commercial farm is a production site that EDF, Naval Energies-OpenHydro delivers the generated power to the electricity grid. / Tidal energy / Goal: test the feasibility of high-performance (Rance Tidal Power Plant, operated by EDF). marine current turbines (including technical, economic, environmental / Wind energy and administrative aspects). (offshore wind farm located off St. Brieuc, operated by the Ailes Marines consortium). / Project developers and technology employed: The prototypes of the EDF marine current turbines were designed by Naval Energies/ Openhydro/CMN/Hydroquest. / DEMONSTRATORS / Size & siting: Farm with 4 turbines. ND Rotor diameter: 16 m. Water depth: 35 m 2 GENERATION TIDAL TURBINE / MegaWattBlue / Output power: 2 MW at 2.5 m/s / Goal: construct, install and qualify an industrial demonstrator. / Overall cost: ca. €40 m (including €7.2 m in public funds) / Project developers: Guinard Energies (partners: Bernard Bonnefond, ENSTA FLOATING WIND TURBINE Bretagne, IFREMER, etc.). Eolfi Offshore France, Naval Energies / Technology employed: High-output ducted tidal turbine (doubles the power output), self-orients / Goal: set up a pilot farm with 4 turbines in the direction of the tidal stream; low weight-to- to deliver 24 MW. power output ratio and compactness making it / Project developers: Eolifi Offshore France, efficient even in shallow waters (10 to 12 m depth), CGN Europe Energy, Naval Energies, GE, floating base that can be immersed and retrieved VINCI, VALEMO using ballast tanks (limiting operating costs). / R&D Centres: IFREMER, ENSTA Bretagne, / Size: height on the seabed, 8 m. -
Energy from Water Factsheet
FACTSHEET ENERGY FROM WATER TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION Name technology Dynamic Tidal Power Date of factsheet 11-12-2020 Author Ruud van den Brink and Sam Lamboo Description Dynamic Tidal Power (DTP) is a technique which generates energy from the interaction between a tidal wave running along the coast and a dam that is tens of kilometers long at a right angle to the tidal wave. Two new tidal waves are created along the entire length of the dam, which are exactly in opposite phase to each other. So whenever a new crest appears on the left along the dam, there is a new valley on the right, and 6 hours later the other way around. As a result, along the total dam length, the head changes in size and direction over time. By creating openings (approx. 10% is considered optimum) for turbines in the dam, electricity can be generated (Hulsbergen, 2008, May, 2012). There are several variations of DTP, of which the two most important are: (1) a dam of 30 to 50 km from the coast with a perpendicular dam (T-profile) of several tens of kilometers at the end. (2) a dam of 30 to 50 km not connected to the coast with a so-called whale tail at both ends (Walraven, 2020). The yield of a DTP system increases with the length of the dam by a power of 2.5 (Hulsbergen, 2008). A 50 km dam therefore provides considerably more energy per kilometer at a lower cost than a 30 km dam. Mei (2020) applies an analytical model in which almost the same drop over a straight dam of 20, 30, 40 and 50 km is found as according to the approach of Kolkman and Hulsbergen (2005, 2008). -
Tidal & Current Energy Resources in Ireland
Tidal & Current Energy Resources in Ireland CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION 14 1.1 Strategic Targets 15 1.2 Electricity Consumption 15 1.3 Report Format 16 2.0 THEORETICAL RESOURCE 19 2.1 Tidal Regime 19 2.2 Sources of Tidal Stream Data 20 2.3 Computational Models 21 2.4 Model Verification 22 2.5 Hydraulic Constraints 22 2.6 Theoretical Power 23 2.7 Device Spacing 24 2.8 Theoretical Resource Evaluation 25 2.9 Summary 25 3.0 TECHNICAL RESOURCE 32 3.1 Summary of Existing Technology 32 3.1.1 Rotational Machines – Horizontal AxisTurbines – ‘Free Stream’ 33 3.1.2 Rotational Machines – Horizontal Axis Turbines – Shrouded 36 3.1.3 Rotational Machines – Vertical Axis– ‘Free Stream’ 36 3.1.4 Rotational Machines – Vertical Axis – Shrouded 38 3.1.5 Reciprocating machines 39 3.1.6 Future Research 40 3.2 Foundations 40 3.3 Tidal Stream Farm Electrical Systems 42 3.4 Technical Resource Evaluation 44 3.5 Summary 45 1 4.0 PRACTICAL RESOURCE 50 4.1 Construction and Physical Constraints 50 4.1.1 Water Depth 50 4.1.2 Wave Climate of Offshore Site 50 4.1.3 Geotechnical Stability for Sub-Base Structures 51 4.1.4 Defined Area Restrictions 51 4.2 Practical Resource Evaluation 53 4.3 Summary 54 5.0 ACCESSIBLE RESOURCE 60 5.1 Environmental Issues 60 5.1.1 Characteristics of Tidal Energy Devices 60 5.1.2 Scoping of Environmental Issues 61 5.2 Statutory Permissions and Planning Legislation 64 5.2.1 Republic of Ireland Legislation 64 5.2.2 Coastal Developments 64 5.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment 65 5.2.4 National Monuments Act 1930-94 65 5.2.5 -
Vertical-Axis Tidal-Current Generators and the Pentland Firth
SPECIAL ISSUE PAPER 181 Vertical-axis tidal-current generators and the Pentland Firth S H Salterà and J R M Taylor School of Engineering and Electronics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK The manuscript was received on 1 March 2006 and was accepted after revision for publication on 13 November 2006. DOI: 10.1243/09576509JPE295 Abstract: This paper extends ideas presented to the World Renewable Energy Conference [1, 2]. One idea involves the impedance of flow channels and its relevance to the maximum tidal- stream resource. Estimates of the inertial and damping terms of the impedance of the Pentland Firth suggest a much higher resource size than studies based purely on the kinetic flux, because adding extra turbines will have less effect on flow velocities than in a low impedance channel. This very large resource has pushed the design of the turbine towards the stream velocities, depth, and seabed geology of this site. A second idea is an algorithm to control the pitch of close-packed vertical-axis generators to give an evenly distributed head. Finally, there are sug- gestions for a seabed attachment aimed specifically for conditions in the Pentland Firth and intended to allow rapid installation of a self-propelled tidal-stream generator. Keywords: vertical-axis turbine, tidal stream, marine-current generator, channel impedance, low-head hydro, variable pitch, Betz momentum theory, Darrieus, troposkien, tri-link, inflatable 1 BACKGOUND perform the function of a geometrically tolerant bearing providing axial and radial location. The The earliest field work on Darrieus-type underwater blade pitch was controlled only by the choice of a turbines was reported by Fraenkel [3]. -
An Integrated Closed Convergent System for Optimal Extraction of Head-Driven Tidal Energy
University of North Florida UNF Digital Commons UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations Student Scholarship 2018 An Integrated Closed Convergent System for Optimal Extraction of Head-Driven Tidal Energy Michelle Ann Vieira University of North Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd Part of the Civil Engineering Commons, Energy Systems Commons, Ocean Engineering Commons, and the Other Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons Suggested Citation Vieira, Michelle Ann, "An Integrated Closed Convergent System for Optimal Extraction of Head-Driven Tidal Energy" (2018). UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 848. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/848 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at UNF Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UNF Digital Commons. For more information, please contact Digital Projects. © 2018 All Rights Reserved AN INTEGRATED CLOSED CONVERGENT SYSTEM FOR OPTIMAL EXTRACTION OF HEAD-DRIVEN TIDAL ENERGY Michelle A. Vieira B.S Mechanical Engineering UNF, 2003 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with a Major in Coastal and Port Engineering The University of North Florida College of Computing, Engineering, and Construction October 2018 Sponsored by Taylor Engineering Research Institute / TERI Chairperson of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Don Resio Department