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History of the Paoli Train Station

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History of the Paoli Train Station History of the Paoli Train Station To help preserve and publicize the history of Paoli Station amid ongoing Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) improvements, and to meet the requirements of a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) executed in 2016 under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, this booklet was prepared by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) in cooperation with: • U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration (FTA) • Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Pennsylvania State Historic Preservation Office (PHMC) • Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) • National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak®) Image Credits All color photographs of Paoli Station are courtesy of Johnson, Mirmiran, and Thompson, with the exception of the groundbreaking photo on the cover and page 12, which is courtesy of SEPTA. Other image credits are as follows: General Paoli Inn, 1888 (cover and p.2): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: GPI03. Paoli Station, 1900 (cover and p.3): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: MLP 4; Serial No. 1172. North passenger shelter, c.1905 (cover and p.3): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: MLP7; Serial No. 1511. Railroad crew and locomotive, c.1900 (cover and p.4): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: RML2; Serial No. 115. Wreck of 1905 (p.4): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: RML6; Serial No. 371. North Valley Road Bridge, c.1910 (p.5): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: MLP3; Serial No. 1116. Paoli rail yard and interlocking tower, c.1900 (p.6): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: RML8; Serial No. 396. Wreck of 1972 (p.7): Courtesy of the Chester County Historical Society, Joseph Thompson Collection. Station building and North Valley Road Bridge, c.1955 (p.8): Courtesy of the Conrail Photograph Collection, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, DE, 19807, Accession 2001.245. Westbound platform shelter, undated (p.8): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: PPO5; Serial No. 123. Passengers disembark at Paoli, c.1955 (p.8): Courtesy of the Conrail Photograph Collection, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, DE, 19807, Accession 2001.248. Passengers at Paoli Station, c.1955 (cover and p.9): Courtesy of the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, Budd Negatives. The Paoli Local, 1972 (p.10): Publication rights purchased from the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society, ID: RML20; Serial No. 2675. Acknowledgements "Amtrak," the Amtrak logo, "Keystone Service," and "Pennsylvanian" are registered service marks of the National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Special thanks to the Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society for their wealth of historical images and research support. Travel through Paoli before the Railroad (1690 to 1850) Paoli Station today is a popular stop for The Vision of the Main Line In 1850, the eastern rail portion local commuters traveling between While the Lancaster Turnpike was an of the Main Line of Public Works 30th Street Station in Philadelphia improvement over the old bridle path, was improved when the tracks of and the Main Line suburbs on SEPTA’s the road was crowded, winding, and the P&C were combined with those Paoli-Thorndale Line. It is also used difficult to travel. To further improve of the West Philadelphia Railroad, a by Amtrak® passengers traveling travel conditions in the region the competing line that was incorporated longer distances using the Keystone Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1835 to provide service to and from Service® between Harrisburg and New passed legislation in 1826 to Philadelphia while circumventing York City, and the Pennsylvanian® construct a canal system known as the Belmont Plane, a steep hill that service between Pittsburgh and New “The Main Line of Public Works.” It was the P&C was forced to traverse using York City. Paoli, however, was an aimed at improving travel between a system of steam-powered cables. important stopping point for travelers Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and points Acquiring the trackage of the West through the region well before the west. Philadelphia Railroad allowed the introduction of rail travel. The Main Line of Public Works P&C to avoid the plane, saving time The earliest recorded east-west was originally envisioned as a cross- and effort when approaching and transportation route through the state canal route, designed for the departing Philadelphia. This final Paoli area was a Native American trail speedy transportation of people alignment formed the eastern portion in use as early as 1690. It led from and goods across the state. Travel of the Main Line of Public Works and the Delaware River to the Conestoga by water would be much faster than completed the canal-and-rail route River and continued west to the was possible with wagons over land. across the state. The P&C established Susquehanna. After the arrival of However, by 1828, it was recognized the alignment that is today a part of William Penn and the colonization that a cross-state canal route would the Amtrak Philadelphia–Harrisburg of Southeastern Pennsylvania, the be infeasible due to Pennsylvania’s Line, and is used by SEPTA trains trail route became a bridle path and mountainous terrain. Fortunately, on the Paoli–Thorndale Line. The was primarily used for transporting advances in railroad technology present-day stretch of rail through people and goods by horsepower. made during the planning and early Paoli originally established by the That bridle path was transformed construction stages of the canal P&C, along with the surrounding in 1791 when the Pennsylvania system development made it faster suburban area, is still referred to as Legislature ordered construction of a and less expensive to build rail lines “the Main Line.” formal turnpike between Philadelphia in areas where a canal would not be The completed Main Line of Public and Lancaster. The road was practical. Works dramatically improved the constructed by the Philadelphia and By 1834, two railway segments speed of cross-state travel—a trip that Lancaster Turnpike Road Company, a were constructed by the Com- previously would have taken 23 days private entity that operated it as a toll monwealth of Pennsylvania to by wagon could now be completed road. The route, paved with crushed complete the Main Line of Public in just four-and-a-half days. While this stone, was completed in 1795 and Works. One segment crossed the was a substantial advancement, it operated through the late 1830s. It Allegheny Mountains between was soon realized that an all-rail route was named the Lancaster Turnpike Johnstown and Hollidaysburg and could further improve the speed of and followed the approximate was known as the Allegheny Portage travel and commerce across the state. alignment of the old bridle path. Railroad. The second segment q The Main Line of Public Works: A In Paoli and the surrounding area, extended from Philadelphia to the Lancaster Turnpike eventually Columbia and was known as the canal-and-rail route constructed between became Lancaster Avenue, which Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad 1826 and 1834. Freight and passengers runs to the south of the present-day (P&C). This system would ultimately had to transfer between rail cars and canal Paoli Station. establish the trackage which today boats three times to cross the state, and serves Paoli Station. frozen canals hampered winter traffic. LEGEND: Allegheny Portage Western Division Canal Railroad Eastern Division Canal Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad MAIN LINE OF PUBLIC WORKS RAILS ! ! CANALS PITTSBURGH ! HOLIDAYSBURG PAOLI HARRISBURG ! JOHNSTOWN PAOLI CITIES AND ! ! STOPS COLUMBIA ^ PHILADELPHIA 1 Early Passenger Travel Experience at Paoli Early travel through Paoli utilized An All-Rail Route across During the 1860s, when most of local inns and taverns as stations for Pennsylvania the Main Line was surrounded by passengers to rest and eat prior to The Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), rural farmland, the PRR ran six trains continuing their journey. According nicknamed the “Pennsy,” was through Paoli each day. Only two to local legend, Joshua Evans opened chartered by the Commonwealth of those were local trains running an inn to serve travelers between of Pennsylvania in 1846 to develop between Paoli and Philadelphia; Philadelphia and points west. At the an all-rail passenger and freight the other four passed through Paoli inn’s opening on St. Patrick’s Day in route across the state. By 1851, it without stopping. There was no 1769, a toast was made to General linked Philadelphia with Lancaster, service on Sundays. The trains were Pasquale Paoli, a Corsican General Harrisburg, Pittsburgh, and beyond pulled by large steam locomotives and war hero. This toast inspired the by leasing or purchasing several equipped with cow-catchers. They innkeeper to name the establishment existing rail lines and constructing were initially lit with candles and later, in his honor—the General Paoli Inn. new connecting lines. Between oil lamps. With time, the settlement around the Philadelphia and Lancaster, through With the PRR’s establishment of inn came to be known as Paoli. Paoli, the PRR used the tracks that local round-trip service between The General Paoli Inn’s location were established by the P&C as part Philadelphia and Paoli in 1864, Paoli approximately 20 miles west of of the Main Line of Public Works. became a frequently used stop on Philadelphia was prime real estate. the line. These commuter trains When the Lancaster Turnpike was Early Passenger Rail – became known as the “Paoli Local,” constructed through Paoli, it ran The Paoli Local and operated much like today’s Paoli- just south of the inn, which became While the rail route that serves Paoli Thorndale Line served by SEPTA. a major stop for stage coaches.
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