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2 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
3 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
4 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
5 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
6 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
7 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì ÊÒÃºÑ Contents
ªÒ§ÊÒÃÀչ͠Acampe papillosa (Lindl.) Lindl. 38 ªÒ§ÊÒÃÀÕ Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) P. F. Hunt 39 ¹¡á¡Ç»Ò¡Ë§Ò Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl. 40 ¨Ø¡¾ÃÒËÁ³ Acriopsis indica Wight 41 àÍ×éͧ¹Á˹٠Acriopsis liliifolia (J. Konig) Ormerod 42 àÍ×éͧËÍÁãµ Adenoncos parviflora Ridl. 44 àÍ×éͧÍÔ¹·¨Ñ¡Ã Aerides flabellata Rolfe ex Downie 45 àÍ×éͧ¡ØËÅÒºàËÅ×ͧâ¤ÃÒª Aerides houlletiana Rchb.f. 46 àÍ×éͧ¡ØËÅÒº¾Ç§ªÁ¾Ù Aerides krabiensis Seidenf. 48 àÍ×éͧ¡ØËÅÒº¹Ò¹ Aerides rosea Lodd. ex Lindl. & Paxton 50 àÍ×éͧ©¹Ò¡ Anoectochilus tortus (King & Plantl.) King & Plantl. 52 àÍ×éͧὧ Aphyllorchis caudata Rolfe.. ex Downie 54 µÒ¹âÁ Apostasia nuda R. Br. 56 àÍ×éͧáÁŧ»ÍàÅç¡ Arachnis labrosa (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb.f. 57 àÍ×éͧµÕ¹à»´ Armodorum siamensis Schltr. 58 àÍ×éͧ´Ô¹ãºä¼ Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochr. 60 àÍ×éͧà¢çÁÁǧ Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr. 62 àÍ×éͧà¢çÁá´§ Ascocentrum curvifolium (Lindl.) Schltr. 64 àÍ×éͧà¢çÁáÊ´ Ascocentrum miniatum (Lindl.) Schltr. 66 àÍ×éͧÈÃÕä¾Å Bletilla sinensis (Rolfe) Schltr. 68 ÇÒ¹¹Ò§º ÇÑ Brachycorythis helferi (Rchb.f.) Summerh. 70 àÍ×éͧ´Ô¹¿ÒÁÒ¹ Brachycorythis henryi (Schltr.) Summerh. 72 ÊÔ§âµàªÕ§´ÒÇ Bulbophyllum albibracteum Seidenf. 74 ʧⵡÅÔ ºãÊÕ Bulbophyllum alcicorne C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 76 ÊÔ§âµâ¤Á¢ÒÇ Bulbophyllum auricomum Lindl. 77 ʧⵡÅÍ¡µÒÔ Bulbophyllum bittnerianum Schltr. 78 ʧâµÊÁÍËÔ ¹Ô Bulbophyllum blepharistes Rchb.f. 80 Ê§âµ¡Ô Ò¹ËÅÍ´ Bulbophyllum capillipes C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 81 Êԧⵢ¹µÒ¢ÒÇ Bulbophyllum comosum Collett & Hemsl. 82 ÊÔ§âµÃǧ¢ÒÇ¿ Ò§ Bulbophyllum crassipes Hook.f. 84 ÊÔ§âµà¤ÃÒá´§ Bulbophyllum gracillimum (Rolfe) Rolfe 85 àÍ×éͧ¡ÕºÁÒ¢ÒÇ Bulbophyllum hirtum (J.E. Sm.) Lindl. 86 àÍ×éͧ¾Ò·ͧ Bulbophyllum kanburiense Seidenf. 87 Ê§âµ¹Ô ¡¡ÅÑ ÒÁ Bulbophyllum lasiochilum C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 88 Êԧ⵴ÒÇ Bulbophyllum laxiflorum (Blume) Lindl. 90 ʧⵢ¹µÒá´§Ô Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides Rolfe 92 ʧⵢ¹»Ô ÂØ Bulbophyllum lindleyanum Griff. 94 ÊÔ§âµà¤ÃÒÂÒÇ Bulbophyllum longissimum (Ridl.) Ridl. 96 Ê§âµ¡Ô ÒÁ» ãËÙ Bulbophyllum macranthum Lindl. 98
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Êԧ⵴͡äÁä¿ Bulbophyllym medusae (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 99 ʧâµÃÔ §áµ¹Ñ Bulbophyllum microtepalum Rchb. f. 100 àÍ×éͧËÑÇà¢çÁËÁØ´ Bulbophyllum moniliforme C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 101 ʧâµÃǧ¢Ô ÒÇ Bulbophyllum morphologorum F. Kranzl. 102 ʧ⵵Òá´§Ô Bulbophyllum muscarirubrum Seidenf. 103 ÊÔ§âµ´Ó Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe 104 ÊÔ§âµËÅÍ´ä¿ Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (J.J. Sm.) Lindl. 105 Ê§âµ¡Ô ÒÁ» á´§Ù Bulbophyllum patens King ex Hook.f. 106 ʧ⵻ҡà»Ô ´ Bulbophyllum planibulbe (Ridl.) Ridl. 108 ʧⵡÅÔ ººÕ ´Ô Bulbophyllum polystictum Ridl. 110 ʧ⵹¡àËÂÔ ÂÇÕè Bulbophyllum putidum (Teijsm. & Binn.) J.J. Sm. 112 ¡ºÁÕ ÒËÅǧ Bulbophyllum reclusum Seidenf. 114 Êԧ⵾ØÁ Bulbophyllum repens Griff. 116 àÍ×éͧ¡ÕºÁÒãË Bulbophyllum rufinum Rchb.f. 118 ʧâµÃǧ¢Ô ÒÇ¡ èÓ Bulbophyllum scaphiforme J.J. Verm. 120 ʧâµÅÔ ¹á´§Ôé Bulbophyllum secundum Hook.f. 122 ʧâµÊÒÂÊÃÔ Í Bulbophyllum sessile (J. Konig) J. J. Sm. 123 ÊÔ§âµÊÂÒÁ Bulbophyllum siamense Rchb.f. 124 ʧâµÃǧ¢Ô ÒÇÅÒ Bulbophyllum sichyobulbon C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 126 ÊÔ§âµÍÒ¨ÒÃÂàµçÁ Bulbophyllum smitinandii Seidenf. & Thorut 128 àÍ×éͧÊÕà·Õè§ Bulbophyllum suavissimum.. Rolfe 130 ʧâµÊÔ à·¾Ø Bulbophyllum sutepense (Rolfe) Seidenf. & Smitinand 131 ʧâµÅÔ ¹àËÅÔé Í§× Bulbophyllum tenuifolium (Blume) Lindl. 132 Ê§âµªÔ Í· º·Ñ ÁÔ Bulbophyllum triste Rchb.f. 133 ʧâµË¹Ç´ÂÒÇÔ Bulbophyllum vaginatum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 134 ʧâµÇÔ §¡ÐÑ Bulbophyllum wangkaense Seidenf. 135 ʧâµàÅÔ ºàËÂç ÂÇãËÕè Bulbophyllum wendlandianum (F.Kranzl.) Dammer 136 ËÇã¨ÊÑ §âµÔ Bulbophyllum xylophyllum C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 138 àÍ×éͧ»Ò¡á©¡ Calanthe biloba Lindl. 140 àÍ×éͧ¹éÓµ¹ Calanthe cardioglossa Schltr. 142 ÍÇáÁ§»Ñé ͧÁ ǧ Calanthe ceciliae Rchb.f. 143 àÍ×éͧ¾ØÁ¤±Ò Calanthe clavata Lindl. 144 àÍ×éͧ¢ÒÇà˹ÕÂÇÅÔ§ Calanthe rosea (Lindl.) Benth. 145 ÍÑéǾǧÁ³Õ Calanthe rubens Ridl. 146 ¹éÓµ¹àªÕ§´ÒÇ Calanthe simplex Seidenf. 147 ¹Ò§ÍÑéÇ¢Òǵ͡ Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames 148 ÍÑéǹÇŨѹ·Ã Calanthe vestita Lindl. 150 àÍ×éͧãºËÍÁ Ceratostylis ampullacea F. Kranzl. 151 àÍ×éͧ¾ÒäÃ㺴͡áµÁ Chiloschista lunifera (Rchb.f.) J.J. Sm. 152
9 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
àÍ×éͧ¾ÒäÃ㺴͡»ÃÐ Chiloschista parishii Seidenf. 153 àÍ×éͧ¾ÒäÃ㺴͡à¢ÕÂÇ Chiloschista viridiflora Seidenf. 154 àÍ×éͧ´Ô¹ÍÔ¹·¹¹· Chrysoglossum ornatum Blume 156 ¾Ñ´âº¡ Cirrhopetalum curtisii Hook.f. 158 Ê§âµ¾Ô ´á´§Ñ Cirrhopetalum lepidum (Blume) Schltr. 160 ʧâµÃÔ ÁãË Cirrhopetalum picturatum Lodd. & Lindl. 162 Êԧ⵾ѴàËÅ×ͧ Cirrhopetalum retusiusculum (Rchb.f.) Hemsl. 164 àÍ×éͧà¢ÕéÂÇàÊ×ÍÅÒ Cleisomeria lanatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex G. Don 166 à¢Òá¾Ð Cleisostoma arietinum (Rchb.f.) Garay 168 àÍ×éͧÈÃÕÊ§Ò Cleisostoma duplicilobum (J.J. Sm.) Garay 170 àÍ×éͧ«ØÁà·Õ¹ Cleisostoma filiforme (Lindl.) Garay 172 àÍé×ͧ¡Ò§»ÅÒ Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum F. Kranzl. 173 àÍ×éͧªÍÁÐÁǧ Cleisostoma racemiferum (Lindl.) Garay 174 àÍ×éͧÈÃÕÊÁà Cleisostoma simondii (Gagnep.) Seidenf. 175 àÍ×éͧ㺡ÔèÇ Cleisostoma subulatum Blume 176 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ãË Coelogyne assamica Linden & Rchb.f. 177 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ËÔ¹ Coelogyne calcicola Kerr 178 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ãËÅÒÇ Coelogyne eberhardtii Gagnep. 180 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹»Ò¡½Í Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl. 181 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ÊÁ Coelogyne fuscescens var. brunnea (Lindl.) Lindl. 182 àÍ×éͧËÔ¹àÅ Coelogyne lactea Rchb.f. 184 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ÅÓà¢ÕÂÇ Coelogyne lentiginosa Lindl. 186 Ê¡ÒǨ¹·ÃÑ Coelogyne nitida (Wall. ex Don) Lindl. 188 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹ä·Â Coelogyne quadratiloba Gagnep. 190 àÍ×éͧà·Õ¹㺺ҧ Coelogyne schilleriana Rchb.f. 191 àÍ×éͧËÔ¹ Coelogyne schultesii Jain & Das 192 àÍ×éͧËÁÒ¡ Coelogyne trinervis Lindl. 193 ËÙàÊ×Í Crepidium acuminatum (D. Don) Szlach. 194 Áѧ¡Ãá´§ Crepidium orbicularum (W.W. Sm. & Jeffrey) Seidenf. 195 ¡ÐàáÐÃ͹ÊͧÊÕ Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. 196 ¨ËÅØ ¹Ñ Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. 198 µØ¡µÒÃ͹àà Cymbidium lancifolium Hook. 199 ¡ÐàáÐÃ͹»Ò¡¹¡á¡ Ç Cymbidium lowianum Rchb.f. 200 ¡ÐàáÐÃ͹¹ ÅÔ Cymbidium sinense (Jacks.) Willd. 202 ¡ÐàáÐÃ͹ÍÔ¹·¹¹· Cymbidium traceyanum OBrien 204 ¡ÅÇÂäÁÁ×͹ҧ Dendrobium acerosum Lindl. 206 àÍ×éͧãºà¢çÁ Dendrobium aciculare Lindl. 207 àÍ×éͧ¼ÒàÇÕ§ Dendrobium albosanguineum Lindl. 208 àÍ×éͧÂÍÂäÁ Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C. Fisch. 210 àÍ×éͧá«ÐËÁ¹ Dendrobium bellatulum Rolfe 212 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó½Í»Ò Dendrobium brymerianum Rchb.f. 214 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó»Í¡ Dendrobium capillipes Rchb.f. 215 àÍ×éͧà§Ô¹á´§ Dendrobium cariniferum Rchb.f. 216
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ËÇÒ¨ԵµÔÁÒ Dendrobium chittimae Seidenf. 218 àÍ×éͧá«ÐÀÙ¡Ãд֧ Dendrobium christyanum Rchb.f. 220 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. 222 àÍ×éͧÊÒ¹éÓà¢ÕÂÇ Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. & Paxton 223 ËÇÒµÐÁÍ Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. 224 àÍ×éͧ¹Ò§¿Í¹ Dendrobium crystallinum Rchb.f. 225 àÍ×éͧ´Í¡ÁТÒÁ Dendrobium delacourii Guillaumin 226 àÍ×éͧÊÒÂÁÒ¹¾ÃÐÍÔ¹·Ã Dendrobium devonianum Paxton 227 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó»Í¹ Dendrobium dixanthum Rchb.f. 228 àÍ×éͧà§Ô¹ Dendrobium draconis Rchb.f. 229 àÍ×éͧ·Í§ Dendrobium ellipsophyllum Tang & Wang 230 àÍ×éͧÊÒÂÇÔÊٵà Dendrobium falconeri Hook. 232 àÍ×éͧáÇÇÁÂØÃÒ Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. 234 àÍ×éͧ¾Ç§Ë¡ Dendrobium findlayanum C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 236 àÍ×éͧà§Ô¹ËÅǧ Dendrobium formosum Roxb. ex Lindl. 238 àÍ×éͧ¤ÓµÒ Dendrobium gibsonii Lindl. 239 àÍ×éͧ´Í¡ÁÐà¢×Í Dendrobium hercoglossum Rchb.f. 240 àÍ×éͧÊÕµÒÅ Dendrobium heterocarpum Lindl. 242 àÍ×éͧ¡Ò§»ÅÒ Dendrobium indivisum var. pallidum Seidenf. 244 àÍ×éͧµÒàËÔ¹ Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl. 246 ËÇÒÂÅӻͧ Dendrobium lampongense J.J. Sm. 248 àÍ×éͧµÐ¢ÒºãË Dendrobium leonis (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 250 àÍ×éͧ¼Öé§ Dendrobium lindleyi Steud. 252 àÍ×éͧÊÒÂÁǧ Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. 254 àÍ×éͧËÒ§»ÅÒ Dendrobium mannii Ridl. 256 àÍ×éͧ¨Ó»Ò Dendrobium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Sw. 258 ¢Òǵ͡»ÃÒ¨Õ¹ Dendrobium oligophyllum Gagnep. 260 àÍ×éͧ¢¹ËÁÙ Dendrobium pachyglossum C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 262 àÍ×éͧäÁ¡ÇÒ´ Dendrobium parcum Rchb.f. 263 àÍ×éͧ¤ÃÑè§ Dendrobium parishii Rchb.f. 264 ¹Ò§ÅÁ Dendrobium peguanum Lindl. 265 àÍ×éͧà©ÇÕ¹ Dendrobium porphyrochilum Lindl. 266 àÍ×éͧÊÒ¹éÓ¼Öé§ Dendrobium primulinum Lindl. 267 àÍ×éͧªÒ§¹ÒÇ Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl. 268 àÍ×éͧàÈǵÊÍ´ÊÕ Dendrobium pychnostachyum Lindl. 270 àÍ×éͧá«Ð Dendrobium scabrilingue Lindl. 272 àÍ×éͧá»Ã§ÊÕ¿¹ Dendrobium secundum (Blume) Lindl. 274 Á×ÍªÐ¹Õ Dendrobium senile C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. 276 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó¡ÔèÇ Dendrobium signatum Rchb.f. 278 àÍ×éͧàÂÒÅÁ Dendrobium strongylanthum Rchb.f. 280 àÍ×éͧ¨Ó»Ò¹Ò¹ Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl. 282 àÍ×éͧá«ÐÁÐÅÔ Dendrobium sutepense Rolfe ex Downie 284 àÍ×éͧÁ͹ä¢ãºÁ¹ Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.f. 286
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àÍ×éͧà¡Ò¡ÔèÇáÁÊÐàÃÕ§ Dendrobium tortile Lindl. 288 àÍ×éͧ¤Ó»Ò¡ä¡ Dendrobium trigonopus Rchb.f. 290 ËÇÒÂẹªÁ¾Ù Dendrobium tuananhii Aver. 292 àÍ×éͧ¤ÃÑè§áÊ´ Dendrobium unicum Seidenf. 293 àÍ×éͧá«ÐÀÙÅѧ¡Ò Dendrobium xanthophlebium Lindl. 294
12 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
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14 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
Introduction:
Thailand is one of the richest countries in According to data from the Department of the world in terms of biodiversity of flora, fauna, Agriculture in 2007, orchids are an important and ecosystems. There are approximately 15,000 economic product for Thailand. These orchids are different species of vascular and non-vascular exported primarily as cut flowers, but the seedlings plants in Thailand. Orchidaceae is the largest of grown from tissue cultures are also highly desired the vascular plant families comprising 176 genera on the international market. More than 36,000 tons and 1,157 species found in all types of habitats. of cut orchid flowers are exported each year from Presently in Thailand, the orchids natural habitat Thailand at an estimated value of more than 4,000 has been heavily disturbed; forest degradation and m.Bt. The future of Thai orchids should be over-exploitation for commercial and agricultural considered and managed to ensure a balance practices have had a severe impact on the orchid between conservation and demand. Scientific population, especially the terrestrial species. study, the breeding of new hybrids, propagation Orchid populations in conserved areas, which and transfer of new technology should be properly historically have been safe places for orchids, are investigated to align global marketing and large being harvested at an alarming rate. These investment with the conservation of orchids in beautiful and economically important species are Thailand. becoming difficult to find in the wild where they used to be abundant. Species of the genera Aerides, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Paphiopedilum, Pholidota, Rhynchostylis and Vanda have become increasingly vulnerable.
15 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì Èٹ¡ÅÒ§¡ÒáÃШÒ¾ѹ¸Ø¢Í§ÀÙÁÔÀÒ¤àÍàªÕµÐÇѹÍÍ¡à©Õ§ãµ
»ÃÐà·Èä·Âµ§ÍÂÑé 㹺ÃÙ àdzµÍ¹¡ÅÒ§¢Í§ÀÒ¤¾Ô ¹×é ÀÙÁÔÈÒʵà ¨Ö§ÊÒÁÒöầࢵ¾Ãó¾Ä¡ÉªÒµÔÍÍ¡ä´ àÍàªÕµÐÇѹÍÍ¡à©Õ§㵠·ÔÈà˹×ÍÁÕ¾ÃÁá´¹µÔ´¡Ñº ໹ 7 ࢵ »ÃСͺ´ÇÂÊÀÒ¾» Ò· ËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¶Õè §Ö 14 Ẻ »ÃÐà·È¨Õ¹ àÁÕ¹ÁÒËáÅÐÅÒÇ ·ÔȵÐÇѹµ¡ µÔ´¡Ñº (àµÁç ÊÁµÔ ¹Ô ¹·Ñ , 2537) Á¾ÃóäÁÕ ã¹¸ÃÃÁªÒµ ¢Ô ¹¡ÃШÒÂÖé àÁÕ¹ÁÒË ·ÔȵÐÇѹÍÍ¡ µÔ´¡ÑºÅÒÇáÅСÑÁ¾ÙªÒ ·ÔÈãµ ÍÂÙÍÂÒ§ÍØ´ÁÊÁºÙó â´Â੾ÒСÅÇÂäÁ»Ò¹Ò¹Òª¹Ô´ µÔ´¡ÑºÁÒàÅà«Õ ¨Ö§¨Ñ´à»¹Èٹ¡ÅÒ§¡ÒáÃШÒ¢ͧ ¨Ó¹Ç¹¡ÅÇÂäÁä·Â·Õè¹Ñ¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃä´¤¹¾ºáÅÐ ¾Ãó¾×ªã¹ÀÙÁÔÀÒ¤¹ÕéÍÂҧᷨÃÔ§ ´Ç¤ÇÒÁàËÁÒÐÊÁ µÃǨÊͺÃÒªͶ×è ¡µÙ ͧáŠǶ §»Ö ¾.È. 2550 ÁÍÂÕ Ù176 Ê¡ÅØ ¢Í§ÅѡɳÐÀÙÁÔ»ÃÐà·ÈáÅФÇÒÁä´à»ÃÕº·Ò§ (genera) ¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃÐÁÒ³ 1,157 ª¹´Ô (species)
µÒÃÒ§áÊ´§¾ª¨Ó¹Ç¹× 10 ǧÈãË · ÊÕè ´¢Í§»ÃÐà·Èä·ÂØ The 10 largest families of vascular plants in Thailand Ê¡ØÅ/ Genera ª¹´/SpeciesÔ Ç§È¡Å ÇÂäÁ Orchidaceae 176 1,157 ǧÈࢠÁç Rubiaceae 105 600 ǧÈË Ò Poaceae (Gramineae) 133 501 ǧÈÁТÒÁ» ÍÁ Euphorbiaceae 80 400 ǧȢ §-¢Ô Ò Zingiberaceae 25 270 ǧÈÍ §¡ÒºÑ Acanthaceae 40 250 ǧȡ¡ Cyperaceae 29 248 ǧȷҹµÐÇ ¹Ñ Asteraceae (Compositae) 67 210 ǧÈÁËÒ¾ÃËÁ Annonaceae 35 200 Ç§È »ÒÅÁ Arecaceae (Palmae) 31 150
16 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden Thailand as the Centre of Plant Distribution of Southeast Asia
Thailand is considered the center of plant distribution of mainland Southeast Asia. In the north, the plants are representative of the Himalayan-Burmese and South China (Yunnan) floristic regions. The northeast is influenced by the distribution of plants from the Indo-China floristic region, where as the south of Thailand represents the Malesian floristic region. These various geographical areas in the country, with different soil types and climates, are the major factors that contribute to the diversity of plants in Thailand. According to Smitinand (1994), the floristic regions of the country can be divided into 7 sub- regions; northern, northeastern, eastern, southeastern, southwestern, central and southern regions. These sub-regions consist of 14 different types of vegetation. The total number of the Thai flora is approximately 15,000 species with 10,000 vascular and 5,000 non-vascular species.
17 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì ¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ´Ò¹¾Ä¡É͹ءÃÁÇÔ¸Ò¹¢Í§¡ÅÇÂäÁä·Â
ÈÒʵÃÒ¨Òà´Ã. àµçÁ ÊÁԵԹѹ·¹ ÈÒʵÃÒ¨ÒàÃÐ¾Õ ÊÒ¤ÃÔ¡ Professor Tem Smitinand Professor Rapee Sakrig
ä´Áպѹ·Ö¡¶Ö§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒÊÓÃǨ¾ÃóäÁ¢Í§ kohchangensis «Ö觻¨¨ØºÑ¹à¢Òã¨ÇÒÊپѹ¸Øä»áÅÇ »ÃÐà·Èä·ÂÁÒ¹Ò¹¡ÇÒ 2 ȵÇÃÃÉ â´Â J.G. K enig ÈÉÂÔ à¾ÃÒÐäÁä´ Á ¡ÒÃÊÓÃǨ¾ºÍÕ ¡àÅÂÕ ·Ò¹Ë¹Ö觢ͧÅÔ¹à¹ÕÂÊ ä´à¤Âà¡çºµÑÇÍÂÒ§¾ÃóäÁ¨Ò¡ ¡ÒÃÊÓÃǨ¾ÃóäÁã¹»ÃÐà·Èä·ÂÍÂÒ§¨ÃÔ§¨Ñ§ ÊÂÒÁ (»ÃÐà·Èä·Â) µ§áµÑé » ¾.È. 2322 â´ÂÁµÕ ÇÍÂÑ Ò§à¡ ºäÇç áÅСÒÃÃǺÃÇÁµÇÍÂÑ Ò§¡Å ÇÂäÁ ä·Âྠ͡ÒõÃǨÊͺ×è ·Ë;ÃóäÁÕè ³ ¡Ã§â¤à»¹àÎà¡¹Ø »ÃÐà·Èà´¹ÁÒá ª×èÍÇÔ·ÂÒÈÒʵ÷Õè¶Ù¡µÍ§ à·Ò·ÕèÁÕ¡Òúѹ·Ö¡äÇä´ ã¹» ¾.È. 2442 E.J. Schmidt ¹Ñ¡¸ÃÃÁªÒµÔÇÔ·ÂÒ ÍÂÒ§ÊÁº ó٠àÃÁàÁÔè ͹ÒÂá¾·Â×è A.F.G. Kerr (¾.È. 2420- áÅй¡ÊÓÃǨÊÁÑ ·ÃÈÒʵÃØ ªÒÇà´¹ÁÒà ¡ ä´à¢ ÒÁÒà¡ ºç 2485) ªÒÇäÍÃªÔ à´¹·Ò§à¢Ô ÒÁÒ»¯ ºÔ µÑ §Ò¹ã¹»ÃÐà·Èä·ÂÔ µÑÇÍÂÒ§¾ÃóäÁ·Õèà¡ÒЪҧ ·Ò§ÀÒ¤µÐÇѹÍÍ¡à©Õ§㵠㹻 ¾.È. 2445 áÅÐä´à» ¹¼ ÊÓÃǨ¾Ãó¾Ä¡ÉªÒµÙ ¢Í§Ô ¢Í§»ÃÐà·Èä·Â µÇÍÂÑ Ò§¾ÃóäÁ · ÃǺÃÇÁä´Õè ¶ ¡à¡Ù ºç »ÃÐà·Èä·Â ÍÂÒ§µ Í๠ͧáÅÐà»×è ¹Ãкº â´Âࡺ¾ÃóäÁç ÃÑ¡ÉÒäÇ·ÕèË;ÃóäÁ ³ ¡Ãاâ¤à»¹àÎࡹ »ÃÐà·È µÑÇÍÂÒ§¨Ò¡·ÑèÇ»ÃÐà·Èä´¡ÇÒ 25,000 ªÔé¹ ã¹¨Ó¹Ç¹¹Õé à´¹ÁÒá ÃÒª×èͪ¹Ô´¾ÃóäÁ·ÕèÊÓÃǨ¾ºÁÕ»ÃÐÁÒ³ ¹Í¡¨Ò¡µÇÍÂÑ Ò§¾ÃóäÁ áË §áÅ Ç Â§ÁÑ µÕ ÇÍÂÑ Ò§¡Å ÇÂäÁ 400 ª¹´â´Âä´Ô à º¡ÒÃµÑ ¾Õ Á¾Ô ŧã¹Ë¹ §ÊÑ Í× Flora of Koh »ÅÙ¡àÅÕé§ã¹àÃ×͹à¾ÒÐªÓ áÅзÕèà¡çºà»¹µÑÇÍÂÒ§ Chang «§ÃÇÁ¶Öè §¡ÅÖ ÇÂäÁ ª¹ ´Ë¹Ô §·Öè ÁÕè ¤ÇÒÁÊǧÒÁáÅÐÕ ´Í§áÍÅ¡ÍÎÍÅÃÇÁÍ ´Ù ÇÂà» ¹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ ËÒÂÒ¡ÁÒ¡¤×ÍÃͧà·Ò¹ÒÃÕà¡ÒЪҧ Paphiopedilum
18 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
ÈÒʵÃÒ¨Òà´Ã.àµçÁ ÊÁԵԹѹ·¹ (¾.È. 2463- ´Ò¹Í¹ ¡ÃÁÇØ ¸Ò¹Ô ¡ÒÃà¾ÒÐàŧÕé áÅСÒüÊÁ¾¹¸Ñ ¡ÅØ ÇÂäÁ 2538) ¼ÙàªÕèÂǪҴҹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵûÒäÁ ¡ÃÁ»ÒäÁ Å¡¼ÊÁà»Ù ¹Í ҧ´ ÂÕ §Ôè ·Ò¹ä´ à¢ Â¹Õ µÓÃÒ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ä·Â áÅÐ «§à»Öè ¹¼ àªÙ ÂǪҴÕè Ò¹¾ ªà¢µÃ× Í¹Ãд ºâÅ¡Ñ ä´Ã ÇÁ§Ò¹ µÓÃÒ´Ò¹¡ÒûŠ¡àÅ٠§¡ÅÕé ÇÂäÁ äÇà» ¹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ µÅÍ´¨¹ ¡ºÈÒʵÃÒ¨ÒÃÂÑ Gunnar Seidenfaden (¾.È. 2451-2542) ໹¼ÙÃÔàÃÔèÁ¡Òá͵é§Ñ ÊÁÒ¤Á¡ÅÇÂäÁá˧»ÃÐà·Èä·Â ¹¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÑ ªÒÇà´¹ÁÒà ¡ È¡ÉÒÊÓÃǨ¾Ãó¡ÅÖ ÇÂäÁ ã¹¾ÃкÃÁÃÒª»¶Ù ÁÀÑ ¢¹ã¹»Öé ¾.È. 2500 ¹ºµÑ §áµÑé ¹ ¹ÁÒÑé ·Ç»ÃÐà·ÈÍÂÑè Ò§µ Í๠ͧ㹪×è ǧ» ¾.È. 2498-2516 áÅРǧ¡ÒáÅÇÂäÁ ¢Í§ä·Â¨ §ÁÖ ¤ÇÒÁà¢Õ Áᢠ§áÅСç ÒÇ˹ Ò¢ ¹Öé ÃÇÁ¡ ¹à¢Ñ ¹µÓÃÒÍ¹Õ ¡ÃÁÇØ ¸Ò¹¡ÅÔ ÇÂäÁ ä·Â The Orchids ´§»Ñ ¨¨ ºØ ¹áÅÐ·Ñ Ò¹Â §ä´Ñ à» ¹¼ ´Óà¹Ù ¹¡ÒûÃЪÒÊÔ Á¾Ñ ¹¸Ñ of Thailand: A Preliminary List ¢¹à»Öé ¹àÅ Ááá㹻 ÍÂÒ§µÍà¹×èͧ¶Ö§¤ÇÒÁ§ÒÁ ¤Ø³¤Ò áÅФÇÒÁËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ ¾.È. 2502 áÅеÍÁÒÈÒʵÃÒ¨ÒàGunnar Seidenfaden ¢Í§¡ÅÇÂäÁä·Â ãË໹·ÕèÃ٨ѡ¡Ñ¹ÍÂÒ§¡ÇÒ§¢ÇÒ§ ä´µÕ¾ÔÁ¾¢ÍÁÙżŧҹà¾ÔèÁàµÔÁ ŧã¹ÇÒÃÊÒÃËÅÒÂàÅÁ ã¹Ãдº¹Ò¹ÒªÒµÑ Ô ÍÒ· ÔDansk Botanisk Arkiv, Opera Botanica áÅÐÇÒÃÊÒà ¨Ò¡¹¹¡ÅÑé ÇÂäÁ ã¹»ÃÐà·Èä·Â¡ ä´ç Á ¡ÒûÅÕ ¡àÅ٠§Õé Nordic Journal of Botany ͹à»Ñ ¹µÓÃÒáÁ º·ÊÓ¤ ¢Í§Ñ ¢ÂÒÂà¾ÔèÁ¢Öé¹ÁÒ¡ ã¹ÅѡɳÐÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ ÁÕ¡ÒâÂÒ ¡ÅÇÂäÁä·ÂáÅТͧÀÙÁÔÀÒ¤àÍàªÕµÐÇѹÍÍ¡à©Õ§㵠¾¹¸Ñ ´Ø Ç¡ÒÃà¾ÒÐàŠ§à¹Õé ÍàÂ×é Í×è ¡ÒüÊÁ¾¹¸Ñ à¡Ø ´¡ÅÔ ÇÂäÁ ·¹Õè ¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÑ ãªÍ Ò§Í §¡Ô ¹ÍÂÑ ã¹»Ù ¨¨ ºØ ¹Ñ ÅÙ¡¼ÊÁª¹Ô´ãËÁæ áÅСÒûÅÙ¡àÅÕé§à¾×è͵Ѵ´Í¡ ÏÅÏ ¹¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÑ ´ Ò¹¡Å ÇÂäÁ ä·Â· ¤ÇÃä´Õè à º¡ÒÃÑ Ê§Í͡仨Ó˹Ò·ÑèÇâÅ¡ ໹ÁÙŤÒâ´ÂÃÇÁ»ÃÐÁÒ³ Ê´Ø´Õ¡ÂͧÍÕ¡·Ò¹Ë¹Öè§ ¤×Í ÈÒʵÃÒ¨ÒÃÂÃÐ¾Õ ÊÒ¤ÃÔ¡ ä´¶ §Ö 4,000 ÅÒ¹ºÒ·/» ã¹»¨¨ ºØ ¹Ñ (¾.È. 2465-»¨¨ ºØ ¹)Ñ «§à»Öè ¹¼ ·Ù ÁÕè ¤ÇÒÁàªÕ ÂǪÒÕè ·§·Ò§Ñé
¹Ò§ÍÑéÇÊÒ¤ÃÔ¡ Pecteilis hawkesiana
19 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì A Brief History of Orchid Study in Thailand
¹ÒÂá¾·Â àÍ àÍ¿ ¨Õ à¤Íà A.F.G.Kerr The native orchids of Thailand have been A well know native Thai plant collector, the studied for more than two centuries. In 1779 J. G. Irishman, A.F.G. Kerr (1877-1942), collected over K nig, a student of Linnaeus, was the first person 25,000 herbarium specimens from all over to collect plants in Siam, including some orchid Thailand while working for the Thai government. specimens. Some of these specimens are preserved He was an orchid lover and grew native Thai at various herbaria, including the Botanical Museum orchids in his home. He first illustrated the orchid at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. species Eria pulchella on January 15, 1904. Later In 1899, E.J. Schmidt, a Danish ocean- in 1908, he brought 215 of his illustrations to show ographer and naturalist collected plant specimens Mr. R.A. Rolfe, the orchidologist at the Royal from Koh Chang in southeastern Thailand. There Botanical Garden at Kew, Great Britain. As a were some orchid species in his collection, which result, the director of the Kew Herbarium urged he deposited in the Botanical Museum in Kerr to continue collecting orchid specimens and Copenhagen. He then published the Flora of provided him with equipment for his botanical Koh Chang which included a treatment of the work. Orchidaceae in the last volume. In this work, there Substantial progress in the study of Thai are approximately 400 orchid species described orchids and other flora was made under the Thai- including the elegant and rare Paphiopedilum Danish Flora of Thailand project. Numerous field schmidtianum, which is now believed to be extinct expeditions were undertaken from 1958-1968 as as it has since not been collected. the continued work of two great botanists: the
20 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
´Ã. ¡Ñ¹¹Òà ä«à´¹à¿à´¹ Dr. Gunnar Seidenfaden
Danish diplomat, Dr. Gunnar Seidenfaden (1908- most species is lacking and is therefore insufficient 1998) and Professor Dr. Tem Smitinand (1920- for a comparative taxonomic study. Consequently, 1995) from the Royal Forest Department of much reversionary works remains to be done. Thailand. Together they collected approximately Professor Rapee Sakrik (1922-present), 15,000 herbarium specimens, specimens a famous horticulturist and outstanding researcher preserved in alcohol and live material. Through of orchids, revolutionized the orchid industry in their book The Orchids of Thailand: A Thailand. He created the Orchid Association of Preliminary List 1959-1965, these two botanists Thailand, which organized countrywide orchid brought international attention to the treasure of related activities. He was involved in the Thai orchids. introduction of a number of exotic species to Their tremendous effort in studying Thai Thailand from all over the world. He created native orchids culminated in Seidenfaden numerous attractive hybrids and new cultivars publishing additional results in two large treatises, using these imported orchid species and native Orchid Genera in Thailand (14 instalments) Thai orchids. These plants are popular because and Contribution to the Orchids of Thailand they are easy to grow, will produce many flowers (14 volumes). Additional species were published and will flower throughout the year. Technology in a number of journal not included in the above for mass production of orchids was introduced series. Smitinand passed away in 1995, but with large and well-equipped nurseries so Seidenfadn continued his work on orchids until cut-flower orchids can be exported commercially. he died in 1998. The current value of cut-flower orchids and orchid Although they discovered and described a seedlings exported out of Thailand exceeds number of Thai orchids, detailed information on 4,000 m.Bt./ yr.
21 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì ¤ÇÒÁËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¢ͧ¡ÅÇÂäÁä·Â
¡ÅÇÂäÁ¨Ñ´à»¹¾×ª¡ÅØÁ·ÕèãË·ÕèÊØ´ã¹âÅ¡ à©Â§àË¹Õ Í·× ÀÕè ËÅǧ٠¨§ËÇÑ ´àÅÂÑ ÀҤ㵷 à¢ÒËÅǧÕè ¨§ËÇÑ ´Ñ ´Ç¨ӹǹ»ÃÐÁÒ³ 900 Ê¡ØÅ ÃÇÁ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹»ÃÐÁÒ³¶Ö§ ¹¤ÃÈÃÕ¸ÃÃÁÃÒª ÀÒ¤µÐÇѹÍÍ¡·Õèà¢ÒÊÍ´ÒÇ ¨Ñ§ËÇÑ´ 25,000 ª¹Ô´ ÊÒÁÒö¡ÃШÒ¾ѹ¸Ø¢Öé¹ÍÂÙã¹·Ø¡ÀÙÁÔÀÒ¤ ¨¹·ºÑ ÃØ ÕÀÒ¤µÐǹµ¡·Ñ ËÕè Ç¢Òᢠ§ ¨§ËÇÑ ´ÍÑ ·Ø Â¸Ò¹Ñ áÅÐÕ ¢Í§âÅ¡ áµÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³áÅФÇÒÁËÅÒ¡ËÅÒÂÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´ ·Ø§ã˹àÃÈÇà ¨Ñ§ËÇÑ´¡Ò¨¹ºØÃÕ áÅÐÀÒ¤¡ÅÒ§ 㹺ÃàdzࢵÈÔ ¹ÂÙ Ê µÃÙ ·ÍÕè ·ÂÒ¹áËØ §ªÒµ à¢ÒãËÔ ¨§ËÇÑ ´¹¤ÃÃÒªÊÑ ÁÒÕ »ÃÐà·Èä·Â¡ÅÇÂäÁ¨Ñ´à»¹¾×ªÇ§ÈãË·ÕèÊØ´ ËҡầµÒÁÊÀÒ¾·ÕèÍÂÙÍÒÈÑÂáÅСÒôÓçªÕÇÔµ Áըӹǹ 176 Ê¡ØÅ 1,157 ª¹Ô´ ¾×é¹·Õè»Ò¸ÃÃÁªÒµÔ·Õè໹ ¢Í§¡ÅÇÂäÁµÒÁÊÀÒ¾¸ÃÃÁªÒµÔáÅÇ ¨Ð»ÃСͺ´Ç áËŧãË ¢Í§¡Å ÇÂäÁ Á ÍÂÕ ·Ù Ç»ÃÐà·ÈÑè ·ÊÓ¤Õè Ñ ÍÒ· Ôã¹ ¡ÅÇÂäÁ à¡ÒÐÍÒÈ Â»ÃÐÁÒ³Ñ 70% ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ´ ¹»ÃÐÁÒ³Ô ÀÒ¤àË¹Í·× Õè´ÍÂ͹·¹¹·Ô ¨§ËÇÑ ´àªÑ §ãËÁÕ ÀÒ¤µÐǹÍÍ¡Ñ 26% ¡ÅÇÂäÁ·Õè¢Öé¹µÒÁËÔ¹»ÃÐÁÒ³ 3% áÅСÅÇÂäÁ
ࢵÃÑ¡ÉҾѹ¸ØÊѵǻҴÍÂàªÕ§´ÒÇ àÍ×éͧÈÃÕàªÕ§´ÒÇ Doi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary Sirindhornia pulchella
22 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
àÍ×éͧÅÓµÍ Pholidota articulata
¡¹«Ò¡»ÃÐÁÒ³Ô 1% ¡ÅÇÂäÁ Ê¡ Å·Ø ãËÕè · ÊÕè ´ä´Ø á¡ Ê¡ ÅØ ã¹»ÃÐà·Èä·Â ¨Ò¡à¢µÃ¡ÉÒ¾Ñ ¹¸Ñ ÊØ µÇÑ » Ò´ÍÂઠ§´ÒÇÕ ËÇÒ Dendrobium (161 ª¹´),Ô Ê¡ÅÊØ §âµÔ Bulbophyllum ¨§ËÇÑ ´àªÑ §ãËÁÕ ¤ÍÊ¡× ÅØ Sirindhornia «§à»Öè ¹ª Í·×è ä´Õè à ºÑ (141 ª¹´),Ô Ê¡ÅµÐ¢Òº¢ÒÇØ Eria (61 ª¹´),Ô Ê¡ÅÊØ §ËÑ ¹Ô ¾ÃÐÃÒª·Ò¹¹ÒÁ¨Ò¡ÊÁà´ç¨¾ÃÐà·¾Ãѵ¹ÃÒªÊØ´Ò Habenaria (38 ª¹´),Ô Ê¡ÅËÒ§»ÅÒØ Oberonia (35 ª¹´),Ô ÊÂÒÁºÃÁÃÒª¡ÁÒÃØ Õã¹Ê¡Å¹Ø »ÃСͺ仴Õé Ç¡ŠÇÂäÁ Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¢×é ÒÇÊÒà Liparis (30 ª¹´)Ô áÅÐÊ¡ÅàÍØ Í§ËÁÒ¡×é 3 ª¹Ô´¤×Í àÍ×éͧÈÃÕ»ÃШÔÁ Sirindhornia mirabilis, àÍ×éͧ àÅÍÁ×è Coelogyne (30 ª¹´)Ô ÏÅÏ ÈÃÕÍÒ¤Ðà¹Â S. monophylla áÅÐàÍ×éͧÈÃÕàªÕ§´ÒÇ ã¹» ¾.È. 2545 ¹¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÑ Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵà S. pulchella «§ËÒ¡ä´Öè Á ¡ÒÃÊÓÃǨ¾Õ ¹·×é »Õè Ò· Ç»ÃÐà·ÈÑè ÊÁà´ç¨¾Ãйҧà¨ÒÊÔÃÔ¡ÔµÔì ÃÇÁ¡Ñº¹Ñ¡¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵà ÍÂÒ§· ǶÑè §áÅÖ Ç ¹Ò· ¨Ð¾º¡ÅÕè ÇÂäÁ µ¡ÊÓÃǨྠÁ¢Ôè ¹ÍÖé ¡Õ »ÃÐà·Èà´¹ÁÒá ä´¤¹¾º¡ÅÇÂäÁÊ¡ØÅãËÁ¢Í§âÅ¡ ËÅÒª¹´Ô
àÍ×éͧÈÃÕÍÒ¤Ðà¹Â àÍ×éͧÈÃÕ»ÃШÔÁ Sirindhornia monophylla Sirindhornia mirabilis
23 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì Diversity of Thai Native Orchids
Orchidaceae ranks as the largest flowering abundantly in Doi Inthanon National Park and Doi plant family with approximately 900 genera with Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary in the north; 25,000 species worldwide. Orchids grow naturally Phu Luang and Phu Rue Wildlife Sanctuary and on every continent with habitats ranging from the Phu Kradueng National Park in the northeast; equator and throughout the northern and southern Khao Luang National Park in the south; Khao hemispheres. However, the greatest diversity and Soidao Wildlife Sanctuary in the east; Huay Kha abundance of orchids is found in tropical regions. Khaeng and Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife In Thailand, native orchids grow in all Sanctuary in the southwest; and Khao Yai types of vegetation. They have been found National Park in the center of the country.
24 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
suited to hilly evergreen forests as they provide sufficient moisture and cool weather as well as good ventilation, so that epiphytic orchids are not dried out by exposure to too much sunlight or heat. The Thai orchid flora can be broken down into the distinct growth forms. It has been found that 70% are autotrophic epiphytes, 26% are autotrophic terrestrial, 3% are autotrophic lithophytes and 1% are holomycotrophic. The most species rich genera are Dendrobium (161 species), Bulbophyllum (141 species), Eria (61 species), Habenaria (38 species), Oberonia (35 species), Liparis (30 species) and Coelogyne (30 species). The number of orchids in Thailand as compared to neighboring countries reveals there The terrestrial orchids that enter into are 176 genera with 1,157 species with many more vegetative dormancy in the dry season are yet to be discovered. The new genus, Sirindhornia, typically found in deciduous forests, semi- named in honor of HRH Princess Sirindhorn, was evergreen forests, and limestone habitats recently discovered in Thailand. In this genus (Smitinand, 1994). There are some evergreen there are three species: Sirindhornia monophylla, terrestrial orchids commonly found in evergreen S. mirabilis and S. pulchella (Pedersen et al., forest, as well as holomycotrophic orchids, which 2002). Exploration into untouched areas of the thrive in the dense, shady forests where humus country will undoubtedly yield new orchid species accumulates. Epiphytic orchids are particularly for Thailand.
25 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì àÍͧáÅСÅ×é ÇÂäÁ
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26 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden Vernacular Names of the Thai Orchid
Ueang and Kluai Mai are the vernacular names for orchids in Thailand; however, the origin of these names remains a mystery. The name Ueang seems to be the original name as it is the older of the two and first recorded in the Sukhothai Era 800 years ago. It is the term used by the Tai people who live in southern China and Thaiyai people of northern Burma. The name Kluai Mai is now commonly used throughout Thailand, particularly in the central part of the country. Prince Kromphra NakornsawanWorapinit pointed out in his Manual of Orchid Growing in 1917 that this name dated back to the Ratnakosin Era of 200 years ago.
The Thai people appreciate native orchids for their aesthetic value and they are commonly used for ornamental purposes. In the northern part of the country, local women use the inflorescence of Dendrobium chrysotoxum to decorate their hair. One of the scented native orchids, Dendrobium scabrilingue, was formerly a gift from the Mae Hon Son province to the colonial city of Chiang Mai. Also, local people use orchids such as Geodorum, Nervilia and Eulophia for medicinal purposes.
27 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì »ÃÐÇѵԡÒÃà¾ÒÐàÅÕ駡ÅÇÂäÁã¹»ÃÐà·Èä·Â
»ÃÐà·Èä·ÂÁÕ¡ÅÇÂäÁ¾Ñ¹¸Ø¾×é¹àÁ×ͧ·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ Ãѧ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ·Ñ駡ÅÇÂäÁ¾×鹺ҹáÅСÅÇÂäÁ¾Ñ¹¸Ø ÊǧÒÁÁÒ¡áÅÐËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ ã¹ÊÁÑÂâºÃÒ³¨Ö§ÁÕ¼Ù¹ÔÂÁ µÒ§»ÃÐà·È¢Í§¹ÒÂÍÒÅÒºÒÊàµÍÃÁÒ´ÙáÅäÇ໹ à¡çºËÒ¹ÓÁÒ»ÅÙ¡àÅÕé§äǵÒÁºÒ¹·ÑèÇä» â´Â੾ÒÐ ¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ ä´ÊÐÊÁ¾ ¹¸Ñ à¾Ø ÁàµÔè ÁáÅз´Åͧ¼ÊÁ¾Ô ¹¸Ñ Ø ã¹ª¹º· áµ·ÕèÁÕ¡ÒÃà¾ÒÐàÅÕé§äÇ໹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ËÃ×Í ãËÁµÒ§æ ¨¹ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàªÕèÂǪÒáÅÐä´ÃѺ¡Âͧ ·àÃÕè ¡ÇÕ Ò Ã§¡ÅÑ ÇÂäÁ «§ÁÖè ¢¹Ò´ãËÕ áµà´ Á¹Ô ¹¨Ð¾ºÑé ໹ÍÂ Ò§Ê §Ù Í¡·Õ ҹ˹ §ÇÖè Òà» ¹¼ ÁÙ ½Õ Á ÍàÂ× ÂÁÕè ·§ã¹¡ÒÃÑé ¡à¾ç §ã¹ÃÕ Çã¹ÇÑé §ËÃÑ Íã¹ËÁ× ¢Ù ÒÃÒªºÃ ¾ÒÃ¼Ô ãËÙ à· Ò¹ ¹Ñé àŧ´Õé áÅСÒûÃÙ º»ÃÑ §¾Ø ¹¸Ñ ¡ÅØ ÇÂäÁ ã¹Â ¤¹Ø ¹Ñé ·Ñ駹Õéä´Áպѹ·Ö¡äÇã¹ÊÁÑ»ÃÐÁÒ³» ¾.È. 2380 ªÇ§µÍÁÒ ÁÕ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§ÃٻẺ¢Í§¡Òà ÇÒÁÕÃѧ¡ÅÇÂäÁ¢¹Ò´ãË·ÕèÁÕ¡ÒÃà¾ÒÐàÅÕ駡ÅÇÂäÁ à¾ÒÐàÅÕ駡ÅÇÂäÁÍÂÒ§ÃÇ´àÃçÇ â´Â੾ÒÐËÅѧ¨Ò¡» äÇ໹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ÍÂÒ§¶Ù¡ÇÔ¸Õâ´ÂÁÕ¡ÒùÓàÍÒ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ¾.È. 2477 ໹µ¹ÁÒ ä´ÁÕ¼Ù¹Ó¡ÅÇÂäÁÅÙ¡¼ÊÁ¾Ñ¹¸Ø µÒ§»ÃÐà·ÈࢠÒÁÒàŠ§à¾Õé Íà¾×è ÁÊÔè ÊÕ ¹Ñ áÅФÇÒÁÊǧÒÁ ÁÒ´ÒÁ»ÍÁ»Ò´ÇÃÑ Áһšà»Ù ¹Ã §¢¹Ò´ãËÑ ËÅÒÂáË § Á¡ÒüÊÁ¾Õ ¹¸Ñ ¢Ø ¹ãËÁÖé ãË Á ¤ÇÒÁá»Å¡µÒ¢Õ ¹ä»ÍÖé ¡Õ ä´á¡ à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡à»¹¾Ñ¹¸Ø ·ÕèàÅÕ駴٧ҠãË´Í¡ÊÕÊÇÂÊ´ Ãѧ¡ÅÇÂäÁ¢Í§¹ÒÂàιÃÕè ÍÒÅÒºÒÊàµÍà (µ¹Ê¡ØÅ à¡ÍºµÅÍ´»× áÅÐà» ¹äÁ µ ´´Í¡·Ñ ÁÕè ÃÒ¤Ò´Õ ã¹·Õ Í§µÅÒ´ àÈǵÈÔÅÒ) «Öè§à»¹¼Ù·Õèä´ÃѺ¡ÒáÂͧÇÒ໹¹Ñ¡àŹ ¨Ö§à»¹·Õè¹ÔÂÁá¾ÃËÅÒÂÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ ÍÂÒ§ÃÇ´àÃçÇ ¹Ñºà»¹ ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ·ÁÕè ªÕ ÍàÊ×è §ÁÒ¡¨¹à»Õ ¹· ÃÕè ¨Ù ¡¡Ñ ¹´Ñ ÊÁÕ Â¹Ñ ¹Ñé µÍÁÒ ¡ÒÃàÃÔèÁµ¹ÍÂÒ§¨ÃÔ§¨Ñ§¢Í§¸ØáԨ ¡ÅÇÂäÁµÑ´´Í¡áÅÐ àÁ×èͷҹ䴶֧ᡡÃÃÁŧ㹻 ¾.È. 2429 ¾ÃÐà¨Ò ¡ÒäҡÅÇÂäÁÅÙ¡¼ÊÁ¨Ò¡µ¹áÁ¾Ñ¹¸ØµÒ§æ ໹ÃдѺ ºÃÁǧÉà¸Í¡ÃÁËÁ×è¹·ÔÇÒ¡ÃǧɻÃÐÇÑµÔ ä´ÃѺªÇ§ ¹Ò¹ÒªÒµã¹»Ô ¨¨ ºØ ¹Ñ
28 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden Historical Background of the Thai Orchid cultivation In the past, growing orchid was a common practice by local people, villagers saw the beautiful flowers in the wild and brought the plants back to their village without any large scale commercial production. It was not until 1837 that a large orchid nursery belonging to Mr. Henry Alabaster was established in Bangkok. Since then, many exotic species have been introduced into Thailand and many hybrids between native and exotic species have been produced. After 1934, commercial orchid nurseries for cut flowers opened and rapidly expanded to cope with the large international demand. At present, there are many large orchid nurseries producing cut orchid flowers for export. Derived from their beautifulness, uniqueness and attractive characters, native orchids have been over collected from their natural habitats leading to some species of Paphiopedilum, Vanda, and Rhynchostylis to become rare or on the verge of extinction in the wild.
29 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
30 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden Ê¡ØÅáÅШӹǹª¹Ô´¢Í§¡ÅÇÂäÁä·Â Genera and number of species of native Thai Orchids
E = Epiphytic orchid ¡ÅÇÂäÁ Í §ÍÒÈÔ ÂÑ T = Terrestrial orchid ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ´ ¹Ô H = Holomycotrophic orchid ¡ÅÇÂäÁ ¡ ¹«Ò¡Ô
Abdominea J.J. Sm. Ê¡Å¡ÃÐ®Ø Á¾ü Õ (1) E Acampe Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§µ×é ¹µÕ ¡á¡Ø (4) E Acanthephippium Blume ʡŹ¡á¡Ø ǻҡ˧Ò (3) T Acriopsis Blume Ê¡Å¨Ø ¡¾ÃÒËÁ³Ø (2) E Adenoncos Blume Ê¡ÅËÍÁãµØ (4) E Aerides Lour. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡×é ËÅÒºØ (8) E Agrostophyllum Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§»×é ¡ä¡ (7) E Amitostigma Schltr. Ê¡Å¢Ø ÒÇµÍ¡Ë ¹(1)TÔ Anoectochilus Blume ʡŹ¡¤Ø Áä¿Ø (11) T Anthogonium Wall. ex Lindl. Ê¡ÅÇØ Ò¹¾Ã ÒÇ (1) T Aphyllorchis Blume Ê¡Å¡ÅØ Ç»ÅÇ¡ (4) T/H Apostasia Blume ʡŵҹâÁÂØ (3) T Appendicula Blume Ê¡ÅËÒ§áÁ§à§ÒØ (7) E Arachnis Blume Ê¡ÅáÁ§»ÍØ (3) E Armodorum Breda Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§µé× ¹à»Õ ´(1)E Arundina Blume Ê¡Åá¢ÁÊØ Õ (1) T Ascidieria Seidenf. Ê¡ÅÍÒ·Ø µÂÔ Í Ê´§Ñ (1) E Ascocentrum Schltr. ex J.J. Sm. Ê¡Åà¢Ø ÁÊç Õ (5) E Ascochilopsis Carr (1) E Ascochilus Ridl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§»Ò¡¶×é §(3)EØ
Biermannia King & Pantl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡×é èÓ(1)E Bletilla Rchb.f. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ÈÃ×é ä¾ÅÕ (1) T Brachycorythis Lindl. Ê¡Å·Ø ÒǤ ÅÙ Ù (5) T Brachypeza Garay ʡŹ¡à¼Ø Í¡× (1) E Bromheadia Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡Å×é º¢ÒÇÕ (4) T/E Bulbophyllum Thouars Ê¡ÅÊØ §âµÔ (141) E
Calanthe Ker Gawl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¹×é éÓµ¹ (16) T/E Cephalantheropsis Guillaumin Ê¡ÅÇØ ÃÔ Ì¨ÓºØ §(1)TÑ
31 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
Ceratostylis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡ÒºãºãÊ×é (6) E Chamaegastrodia Makino & F. Maek. (1) T/H Cheirostylis Blume Ê¡Å»ÃСÒ¾ÃØ ¡(8)TÖ Chiloschista Lindl. ʡžÒäÃØ ãº (8) E Chroniochilus J.J. Sm. (1) E Chrysoglossum Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§á´§Á×é ¹(1)TÑ Cirrhopetalum Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¾×é ´Ñ (14) E Claderia Hook. f. Ê¡Åà¶ÒÇØ ÅÂÑ äÁ (1) T Cleisomeria Lindl. ex G. Don ʡŤ͡ÇØ Ò§ (2) E Cleisostoma Blume Ê¡Åà¢Òá¾ÐØ (28) E Coelogyne Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ËÁÒ¡àÅ×é ÍÁ×è (30) E Collabiopsis S.S. Ying (1) T Collabium Blume ʡŤÓãÊØ (1) T Cordiglottis J.J. Sm. (1) E Corybas Salisb. (1) T Corymborkis Thouars Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Å×é ÅÒÔ (1) T Cremastra Lindl. (1) T Crepidium Blume (21) T Cryptopylos Garay Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Á×é §¡ÃÑ (1) E Cryptostylis R.Br. Ê¡ÅáÁ§ÁØ Áá´§Ø (1) T Cymbidium Sw. Ê¡Å¡ÐàáÐÃØ Í¹ (19) T/E Cyrtosia Blume (3) T/H Cystorchis Blume (1) T/H
Dendrobium Sw. Ê¡ÅËÇÒÂØ (161) E Dendrochilum Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ãºÊ¹×é (3) E Dicerostylis Blume (1) T Didymoplexiella Garay Ê¡Å¡ÅØ ÇÂÊ ÁÊÂÒÁ (2) T/H Didymoplexiopsis Seidenf. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¤×é ÃÕ Ç§ÈÕ (1) T/H Didymoplexis Griff. (1) T/H Dienia Lindl. Ê¡ÅÊØ ¡Ô ¹¤ÅØ (1) T Dilochia Lindl. (1) T Diploprora Hook.f. Ê¡ÅÊͧ»Ò¡á¤ºØ (2) T Dipodium R.Br. (2) T Disperis Sw. (1) T Doritis Lindl. Ê¡ÅÁØ ÒÇ §(7)TÔè Drymoda Lindl. Ê¡Å·Ø º·Ñ ÁÊÂÒÁÔ (3) E
32 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
Epicranthes Blume (3) E Epigeneium Gagnep. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡Ç×é Ò§ (3) E Epipactis Zinn. (1) T Epipogium S.G. Gmel. ex Borkh. Ê¡Å¡ÅØ Ç»ÅÇ¡ (1) T/H Eria Lindl. ʡŵТҺ¢ÒÇØ (61) E/T Eriodes Rolfe (1) T Erythrodes Blume (2) T Erythrorchis Blume Ê¡Åà¶ÒÇØ ÅÂÑ ¾ ¹´§Ñ (1) T/H Esmeralda Rchb.f. Ê¡Åá¡Ø ÇÁáµ (1) E Eulophia R.Br. ex Lindl. Ê¡ÅËÁØ ¡ÅÙ §Ôé (13) T
Flickingeria A.D. Hawkes Ê¡Å¡Ø ´ËÙ ¹Ô (16) E
Galeola Lour. Ê¡Åà¶ÒÇØ ÅÂÑ à¢ ÂÇ´§Õ (3) T/H Gastrochilus D.Don Ê¡ÅµØ ¹àµÕ Ò (14) E Gastrodia R.Br. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡Å×é ºµÕ ´Ô (2) T/H Geodorum Jacks. Ê¡ÅÇØ Ò¹¨ §¹Ò§Ù (7) T Glossochilopsis Sziach. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§á¡×é Ç(1)T Goodyera R.Br. Ê¡Å¢ÒÇÅÐÍÍØ (6) T Grammatophyllum Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ËÒ§ª×é Ò§ (1) E Grosourdya Rchb.f. Ê¡ÅàÅØ ¹ÅÁ (3) E
Habenaria Willd. Ê¡ÅÊØ §ËÑ ¹Ô (38) T Hemipilia Lindl. Ê¡ÅÍØ ÇÅÒÂÑé (1) T Herminium L. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Á×é ǧ (1) T Herpysma Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¾ÒÂ×é ¾(1)TÑ Hetaeria Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§´×é ¹¹Ô éÓ(7)T Holcoglossum Schltr. Ê¡ÅËØ Êä¡ÃÑ (3) E Hygrochilus Pfitzer ʡŹҧÃØ §(1)EØ
Ione Lindl. Ê¡ÅáÇÇËÂ¡Ø (11) E Ipsea Lindl. Ê¡ÅáÁÇ¢âÁÂØ (1) T
Lecanorchis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¼×é ´Ø (2) T/H Leslia Seidenf. Ê¡ÅÊÓàÀÒ¨Ø ¹(1)EÕ Liparis Rich. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¢×é ÒÇÊÒà (30) T/E Ludisia A. Rich. Ê¡ÅÇØ Ò¹¹ éӷͧ (1) T Luisia Gaudich. Ê¡Å§Ø à¢Ù ÂǻҡÁÕ Ç§ (14) E
33 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
Macropodanthus L.O. Williams Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ª×é ¤Ò§Ù (2) E Malaxis = Crepidium, Dienia, Glossochilopsis, Oberonioides Malleola J.J. Sm. & Schltr. (5) E Mastigion Garay ʡŹ¡àËÂØ ÂÇÕè (2) E Micropera Lindl. Ê¡ÅáÁ§»Í·Í§Ø (4) E Microsaccus Blume ʡŵҹµÐ¢ÒºØ (1) E Mischolbulbum Schltr. ʡŹҧÅØ ºáÅÑ (2) T Monomeria Lindl. Ê¡Å¡Ø ÒÁ» Ù (2) E Myrmechis (Lindl.) Blume (1) T
Neogyna Rchb.f. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§´×é ºàË¹Ô Í(1)E× Nephelaphyllum Blume ʡŹҧá꼯 (2) T Nervilia Comm. ex Gaudich. Ê¡Åá¼Ø ¹´ ¹àÂÔ ¹(9)Tç Neuwiedia Blume (2) T Oberonia Lindl. Ê¡ÅËÒ§»ÅÒØ (35) E Oberonioides Szlach. (1) T Ornithochilus (Lindl.) Benth. Ê¡ÅÁØ §¡Ã·Í§Ñ (1) E Otochilus Lindl. Ê¡ÅÊÃØ ÍÂÃРÒ(3)E
Pachystoma Blume Ê¡ÅáËØ ÇªÐ¤Ã Ù (1) T Panisea (Lindl.) Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡ÃÐÊÇÂé× (4) E Paphiopedilum Pfitzer Ê¡ÅÃͧà·Ø Ò¹ÒÃ Õ (14) T/E Papilionanthe Schltr. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§âÁ¡¢×é (3) E Parapteroceras Aver. (1) E Pecteilis Raf. ʡŹҧÍØ ÇÊÒ¤ÃÑé ¡(3)TÔ Pelatantheria Ridl. Ê¡Åà¤ÃÒÊØ §ËÔ (4) E Pennilabium J.J. Sm. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¨×é ¡»Ò¡½ÍÂÑ (2) E Peristylus Blume ʡŹҧµÒÂØ (12) T Phaius Lour. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¾Ã×é ÒÇ (6) T/E Phalaenopsis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Á×é ÒÅÒÂàÊ Í(3)E× Pholidota Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ÅÓµ×é Í(7)E Phreatia Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Ë×é Çà·Ñ ÂÁà¢ÒËÕ ¹»Ô ¹(5)EÙ Platanthera Rich. (2) T Pleione D.Don ʡžÅÒ§ÒÁØ (2) E Plocoglottis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ÅÓäË×é (5) T Poaeophyllum Ridl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§´×é ¹ãµÔ (1) E Podochilus Blume ʡŵҹµÐ¢ÒºØ (3) E Polystachya Hook. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¤Ò§Í×é Á(1)E
34 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
Pomatocalpa Breda Ê¡ÅªØ Ò§´Ó (9) E Porpax Lindl. Ê¡ÅÅØ ¡¹¡Ù (7) E Pristiglottis Cretz. & J.J. Sm. (1) T Pteroceras Hasselt ex Hassk. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§àÊ×é Í´ÒÇ× (4) E
Renanthera Lour. Ê¡ÅËÇÒÂá´§Ø (3) E Renantherella Ridl. Ê¡ÅËÇÒÂà·Ø ÂÁÕ (1) E Rhomboda Lindl. (2) T Rhynchogyna Seidenf. Garay (2) E Rhynchostylis Blume Ê¡ÅªØ Ò§ (3) E Rhytionanthos Garay ʡžǧ¶Ø §¤ÓØ (5) E Robiquetia Gaudich. Ê¡Å¾Ç§Í§Ø ¹(3)EØ
Saccolabiopsis J.J. Sm. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§»Ò¡Á×é ¹(1)EÑ Sarcoglyphis Garay Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§»Ò¡à˹×é ÂÇÕ (3) E Sarcanthus = Cleisostoma Schoenorchis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¨×é Ç(8)EÔë Seidenfadenia Garay Ê¡Å˹Ǵ¾ÃÒËÁ³Ø (1) E Sirindhornia H.A. Pedersen & Ê¡ÅÈÃØ àªÕ §´ÒÇÕ (3) T P. Suksathan Smitinandia Holttum Ê¡Åà¢Ø Á˹ç Ù (2) E Spathoglottis Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§´×é ¹ãºËÁÒ¡Ô (5) T Spiranthes Rich. Ê¡Å¼Ø ¡ä¼Ñ ¹ éÓ(1)T Staurochilus Ridl. ex Pfitzer Ê¡ÅàÊØ Íâ¤Ã× §(5)E Stereochilus Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§¡×é ËÅÒºËØ ¹(2)EÔ Stereosandra Blume Ê¡Å¡ÅØ Ç»ҡÁ ǧ (1) T/H Sunipia Buch.-Ham. ex Lindl. & Smith Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§µÒà¢×é Á(3)Eç
Taeniophyllum Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§µ×é ¹µÕ ´(8)E× Tainia Blume Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§Ê×é ÅÒÕ (7) E Thaia Seidenf. Ê¡ÅÈÃØ ÊÂÒÁÕ (1) T/H Thecopus Seidenf. (1) E Thecostele Rchb.f. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ÅÓ¡Åǧ×é (1) E Thelasis Blume Ê¡Å¡ÃÐÊØ ¹¾ÃÐÍØ ¹·ÃÔ (4) E Thrixspermum Lour. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§áÁ§Á×é ÁØ (15) E Thunia Rchb.f. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§§Òª×é Ò§ (4) E Trachoma Garay Trias Lindl. Ê¡Åà¢Ø ÂÇá¡Õé Ç(8)E
35 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì
Trichoglottis Blume Ê¡ÅàÊØ ÍÊÒ¤Ã× ¡(8)EÔ Trichotosia Blume Ê¡ÅÊÒÁ¡Ø ÍÁ (8) E Tropidia Lindl. ʡžÒÃÒ³ÊØ Õ (3) T Tuberolabium Yamam. (1) E
Uncifera Lindl. (2) E
Vanda Jones ex R.Br. Ê¡ÅÊÒÁ»ÍÂØ (9) E Vandopsis Pfitzer Ê¡Å¾Ò©Ø µ·Ñ ¹µÑ (2) T Vanilla Mill. ʡžÅØ ªÙ Ò§ (4) T Ventricularia Garay Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§ËÇÒ¹×é Í (1) E Vrydagzynea Blume Ê¡ÅÇØ ÅÒÊÔ ¹Ô Õ (3) T
Zeuxine Lindl. Ê¡ÅàÍØ Í§´×é ¹¹Ô Í (9) T
Total 176 genera, 1,157 species
36 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden
37 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì ªÒ§ÊÒÃÀ ¹Õ Í Acampe papillosa (Lindl.) Lindl. ª×è;ͧ Saccolabium papillosum Lindl. ªÍÍ×è ¹×è àÍ×éͧµÕ¹µØ¡á¡
¡ÅÇÂäÁÍÔ§ÍÒÈÑ ÊÙ§ 10-20 «Á. 㺠ÃÙ»¢Íº¢¹Ò¹ ¡ÇÒ§ 1.5-2 «Á. ÂÒÇ 10 «Á. ªÍ´Í¡ ÂÒÇ 1.5-2.5 «Á. ´Í¡ÂÍ 8-14 ´Í¡ àçá¹Õ ¹à» ¹¡ÃШ ¡Ø ´Í¡¡ÇÒ§ 1 «Á. ¡ÅºàÅÕ Â§Õé áÅСÅÕº´Í¡â¤§ÁÒ´Ò¹Ë¹Ò ÊÕàËÅ×ͧÍÁà¢ÕÂÇ áÅÐÁÕ¢Õ´ Ê¹Õ éÓµÒÅá´§µÒÁ¢ÇÒ§ ¡Åº»Ò¡ÊÕ Ç¹â¤¹à» ¹à´ ÍÂ× ÂÒÇ 1.5- 2 ÁÁ. ¡Åº»Ò¡ÊÕ Ç¹»ÅÒÂÊ ¢ÒÇÕ ¼Ç¢ÃÔ ¢ÃÐØ ¾ºµÒÁ»Ò¼ÅѴ㺠·ÕèÃдѺ¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ 400-600 àÁµÃ ·Ò§ÀÒ¤à˹×Í ÀÒ¤µÐÇѹÍÍ¡à©Õ§à˹×Í áÅÐÀÒ¤µÐÇѹµ¡ ÍÍ¡´Í¡ªÇ§ à´Í¹¸× ¹ÇÒ¤Á-¡Ñ ÁÀÒ¾Ø ¹¸Ñ Epiphyte, 10-20 cm tall. Leaves linear-oblong, 10 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide. Inflorescence short, 1.5-2.5 cm long; 8-14-flowered. Flowers about 1 cm across. Sepals and petals curved towards centre, greenish-yellow spread with reddish- brown markings. Lip having a claviform spur lined with white hairs; mid-lobe white, papillose. Deciduous forest at 400-600 m alt. in the north, northeast, and west; flowering from December-February. Distribution: Tropical SE. Asia.
38 Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden ªÒ§ÊÒÃÀ Õ Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) P. F. Hunt ªÍÍ×è ¹×è àÍͧà¨×é ´»ÍÂç àÍͧ´Í¡¢ÒÁ×é àÍͧµ×é ¹àµÕ Ò
¡ÅÇÂäÁ Í §ÍÒÈÔ ÂÑ ÅÓµ¹¢¹Ò´ãË àʹ¼ Ò¹È ¹ÂÙ ¡ÅÒ§ 1.5-2 «Á. ʧ٠0.4-1 àÁµÃ 㺠ûᶺ٠¡ÇÒ§ 4-5 «Á. ÂÒÇ 30- 40 «Á. ´Í¡ Í͡໹ªÍ·Õè«Í¡ãº ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 5-12 ´Í¡ ¡ÇÒ§ 1.5 «Á. Á¡ÅÕ ¹ËÍÁÔè ¡ÅºàÅÕ Â§áÅСÅÕé º´Í¡Ë¹ÒÊÕ àËÅÕ Í§× áÅÐ ÁÅÒÂÊÕ ¹Õ éÓµÒÅá´§¾Ò´ ¡Åº»Ò¡ÊÕ Ç¹â¤¹ ໹¶ §ÊØ ¹Ñé ¡Åº»Ò¡Õ Êǹ»ÅÒÂÊ ¢ÒÇÁÕ áµÕ ÁÊ ÁÕ Ç§á´§ ¾ºµÒÁ»Ò´ ºáÅÐ»Ô Ò´ ºáÅÔ §· Ç»ÃÐà·ÈÑè ÍÍ¡´Í¡ªÇ§ à´Í¹¾ÄÈ¨× ¡Ò¹-¡Ô ÁÀÒ¾Ø ¹¸Ñ Epiphyte, 1.5-2 cm diam., 0.4-1 m tall. Leaves linear, 30-40 cm long, 4-5 cm wide. Inflorescence axillary, short, 5-12-flowered. Flowers 1.5 cm across, fragrant. Sepals and petals thick, yellow, and with reddish markings. Lip having a short spur lined with white hairs; mid-lobe white with reddish- purple markings. Moist evergreen and dry evergreen forest throughout the country. Flowering from November-February. Distribution: Tropical SE. Asia.
39 Êǹ¾Ä¡ÉÈÒʵÃÊÁà´ ¨¾Ãйҧà¨ç ÒÊ ÃÔ ¡Ô µÔ Ôì ¹¡á¡Ç»Ò¡Ë§Ò Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl.
¡ÅÇÂäÁ´Ô¹ ÊÙ§ 25-40 «Á. ÅÓÅÙ¡¡ÅÇÂÃÙ»ä¢ ÊÙ§ 6-10 «Á. 㺠á¼Ã »ÃÙ Õ ¡ÇÒ§ 4-7 «Á. ÂÒÇ 20-25 «Á. ´Í¡ Í͡໹ªÍ¨Ò¡â¤¹¡Í ÂÒÇ 5-7 «Á. ´Í¡ÂÍÂÁչʹ͡ ºÒ¹àµçÁ·Õè ¡ÇÒ§ 2 «Á. ¡ÅÕºàÅÕé§ áÅСÅÕº´Í¡ÊÕ¢ÒǤÃÕÁ »ÅÒ¡źÁÕ »ÃÐÊÕ ¹Õ éÓµÒÅá´§ ¡Åº»Ò¡´Õ Ò¹ã¹Ê àËÅÕ Í§à¢× Á ¾º·Ç»ÃÐà·ÈµÒÁ»Ñè Ò´ ºà¢ÒÔ ·ÃдÕè º¤ÇÒÁÊÑ §Ù 500- 1,500 àÁµÃ ÍÍ¡´Í¡ªÇ§à´ ͹¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á-Á× ¶Ô ¹ÒÂ¹Ø Terrestrial orchid, 25-40 cm high. Pseudobulb ovate, 6-10 cm tall. Leaves elliptic, 20-25 cm long, 4-7 cm wide. Inflorescence arising from the base of pseudobulb, 5-7 cm long. Flowers few, 2 cm across. Sepals and petals creamy white with reddish-brown tint at apex. Lip yellow on dorsal surface. Evergreen and hill evergreen forest at 500-1,500 m alt. throughout the country; flowering from May-June. Distribution: India and SE. Asia.
40