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El Molusco Terrestre Exótico Zonitoides COLABORACIONES NOTICIARIO SEM 60 36-40 Diciembre - 2013 PRIMEROS DATOS SOBRE LA PRESENCIA DE ZONITOIDES ARBOREUS (SAY, 1816) (GASTROPODA, GASTRODONTIDAE) EN LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA Alberto Martínez-Ortí1 y Seddon, 2008; Evangelista et al., 2013). Joan Pedrola-Monfort2 La teleoconcha posee una microescultura espiral (Pilsbry, 1946; Zonitoides arboreus es un Burch, 1962; Riedel, 1972; Altonaga, gastrodóntido de origen norteamericano 1988) (Figs. 4-5). La protoconcha, de que ha sido introducido por los 1½ vuelta, presenta también humanos al resto de continentes, microescultura espiral, aunque se principalmente a través del comercio de puede apreciar más patente en su zona plantas (Pilsbry, 1946; Burch, 1962; final (Figs. 2-3), habiéndose Kerney & Cameron, 1999; Evangelista considerado hasta ahora lisa. et al., 2013; Seddon, 2008). En Europa se conoce de 14 países y de las islas La especie ibérica más parecida en la Azores, Madeira, Baleares, Cerdeña y zona del hallazgo es Zonitoides nitidus Sicilia (Pilsbry, 1946; Altonaga, 1990; (O.F. Müller, 1774) (Altonaga, 1990; Kerney & Cameron, 1999; Cameron & Martínez-Ortí, 1999). Las diferencias Cook, 2001; Beckman, 2007; Seddon, conquiológicas más significativas 2008; Bank, 2011, 2013; Evangelista et corresponden a las distintas al., 2013). La población de esta especie dimensiones de la concha que exótica hallada por los autores en presentan ambas (entre 5,3 y 8,0 mm España corresponde a la primera de diámetro y entre 3,0 y 4,4 mm de conocida para la península Ibérica, y altura en Z. nitidus), siendo Z. arboreus para su confirmación se han realizado de menor tamaño, por poseer Z. estudios morfo-anatómicos, tanto de la arboreus un ombligo un poco más concha como del aparato reproductor amplio y la abertura más ovalada que Z (Figs. 1-5, 12). nitidus (Pilsbry, 1946; Riedel, 1972; Burch, 1962; Altonaga, 1990). La Se trata de un gasterópodo de concha microescultura espiral de la discoidal, traslúcida, brillante, de color teleoconcha es mucho más marcada en pardo-amarillento pálido, de 4½ a 5 Z. arboreus que en Z. nitidus (Figs. 3-5, vueltas de espira y con diámetro entre 6-7) Además la protoconcha de Z. 3,8 y 6,0 mm y con una altura entre 1,9 nitidus es lisa en su totalidad (Figs. 8- y 3,0 mm. Abertura casi circular, con el 11), mientras que Z. arboreus posee peristoma discontinuo y sin microescultura espiral patente en su engrosamientos (Pilsbry, 1946; Burch, zona final, sobretodo cerca de la sutura 1962; Kerney & Cameron, 1999; (Fig. 3). 1.- Museu Valencià d’Història Natural e i\Biotaxa. L’Hort de Feliu–Alginet. Apdo. 8460. 46018 Valencia (España). 2.- Inst. “Cavanilles” de Biodiversitat y Biología Evolutiva. Univ. de València (España). 36 Figs. 1-5. Zonitoides arboreus. Llíria (Valencia). 1. Concha. 2. Protoconcha. 3. Detalle de la microescultura de la protoconcha. 4-5. Microescultura espiral en la última vuelta de la teloconcha. Respecto al aparato reproductor Z. Evangelista et al., 2013). Además Z. arboreus posee el conducto de la bolsa arboreus presenta la glándula copulatriz dos veces más largo que su coronaria bilobulada, mientras que en la distancia hasta la bifurcación Z. nitidus puede presentarse con uno o proximal, lo que coincide con nuestras sin lóbulo (Pilsbry, 1946; Riedel, 1972; observaciones (Fig. 12), a diferencia de Altonaga, 1990; Gittenberger et al., Z. nitidus que lo presenta 1984; Martínez-Ortí, 1999; Evangelista aproximadamente cuatro veces más et al., 2013). largo (Pilsbry, 1946; Riedel, 1966, 1972, 1980; Gitenberger et al. 1984; Otras dos especies presentes en la Altonaga, 1990; Martínez-Ortí, 1999; península Ibérica, Zonitoides 37 Figs. 6-11. Zonitoides nitidus. Barranco Hondo, San Antonio de Benagéber (Valencia). Detalle de la microescultura de la protoconcha y de la teloconcha. 6-7. Microescultura de la última vuelta de la teloconcha. 8-11. Protoconcha. 9-11. Detalles de la superficie. jaccetanicus (Bourguignat, 1870) y cuyas principales diferencias son Zonitoides excavatus (Alder, 1830), compiladas por Altonaga (1990). podrían ser confundidas con Z. arboreus, aunque los caracteres morfo- La población de Z. arboreus se anatómicos de la concha y del aparato encontró por primera vez en Llíria reproductor de los ejemplares (Valencia) (UTM=30SYJ09) en 2008, examinados nos permiten asignarla a en el jardín de la vivienda de uno de los Z. arboreus y no a las anteriores, y autores (J. Pedrola), y se mantiene 38 Fig. 13. Mapa de distribución de Z. arboreus en la península Ibérica. (? =probable). BIBLIOGRAFÍA ALTONAGA, K. 1990. SOBRE ZONITOIDES NITIDUS (O.F. MÜLLER, 1774) (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora: Zonitidae) en la península Ibérica. Cuadernos de Investigación Biológica, 16: 35-52. Fig. 12. Aparato reproductor de Z. arboreus. BANK, R.A. 2011. Fauna Europea Llíria (Valencia). (Abreviaturas: bc: bolsa Project. Checklist of the land and copulatriz; cd: conducto deferente; cbc: freshwater Gastropoda of conducto de la bolsa copulatriz: gc: glándula Macaronesia (Azores, Canary coronaria; p: pene; sd: saco del dardo). Islands, Madeira). http://www.nmbe.ch/sites/default/file estable hasta la actualidad con un s/uploads/pubinv/fauna_europaea_- número elevado de ejemplares (Fig. _gastropoda_of_macaronesia.pdf 13). Este enclave constituye la primera (consultado: 10/04/2013). cita de esta especie en la península BANK, R.A. 2013. Zonitoides arboreus Ibérica. Su presencia es consecuencia (Say, 1817). de que este autor ha participado http://www.faunaeur.org/full_resu activamente y durante muchos años en lts.php?id=425884 (consultado: el Jardín Botánico de Blanes (Girona) 10/04/2013). y el Jardín Botánico de Barcelona, BURCH, J.B. 1962. How To Know the donde ocurren importantes trasiegos Eastern land snails. WM.C. Brown de muestras botánicas, no descartando Company Publishers. Iowa. (USA). la posibilidad que dicha especie 214 pp. provenga de éstos y por tanto se CAMERON, R. A. D Y COOK, L. M. 2001. encuentre también en dichos lugares. Madeiran snails: Faunal differentiation on a small island. Agradecimientos: A la Sección de Journal of Molluscan Studies, 67: Microscopía Electrónica del S.C.S.I.E. 257-267. de la Universitat de València por su EVANGELISTA, M., BODON, M., ayuda en la realización de las CIANFANELLI, S Y BRINDELLI, S. 2013. microfotografías en el equipo Hitachi Zonitoides arboreus (Say, 1816): un S–4100. altro gastropode terrestre introdotto 39 in Italia (Pulmonata: Philadelphia. Monographs 3. 2(1). Gastrodontidae). Bollettino 520 pp. Malacologico, 49: 18-25. RIEDEL, A. 1966. Zonitidae (excl. GITTENBERGER, E., BACKHUYS, W. Y Daudebardiinae) der RIPKEN, TH.E.J. 1970. De Kaukasusländer (Gastropoda). Ann. Landslakken van Nederland. Zool. Warezawa, 24: 1-303. Koninklijke Nederlandse RIEDEL, A. 1972. Zur Kenntnis der Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 37: Zonitidae (Gastropoda) Spaniens. 184 pp. Annales Zoologici, 229: 115-145. KERNEY, M.P. & CAMERON, R.A.D. 1999. RIEDEL, A. 1980. Genera Zonitidarum. Guie des escargots et limaces Diagnosen supraspezifischer Taxa d’Europe. (adaptation française: A. der Familie Zonitidae (Gastropoda, Bertrand). Delachaux et niestlé ed. Stylommatophora). Backhuys Ed. Laussane-Paris. 370 pp. Rotterdam. 197 pp. MARTÍNEZ-ORTÍ, A. 1999. Moluscos SEDDON, M.B. 2008. The Landsnails of terrestres testáceos de la Madeira. An illustrated compendium Comunidad Valenciana, Tesis of the landsnails and slugs of the doctoral, Universitat de València, Madeira archipelago. Studies in Valencia. 743 pp. Biodiversity and Systematics of PILSBRY, H.A. 1946. Land Mollusca of Terrestrial Organisms from the North America (north of Mexico). National Museum of Wales. Biotir Academy of Natural Sciences of Reports, 2: 204 pp 40.
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