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Annual Report 2009-2010 ROLE AND MANDATE OF THE MINISTRY

v Ministry of Environment & Forests

Role and Mandate of the Ministry • Protection of the environment, and Role of the Ministry • Ensuring the welfare of . The primary concerns of the Ministry These objectives are well supported of Environment & Forests under the by a set of legislative and regulatory Government structure are implementation of measures, aimed at the preservation, policies and programmes relating to conservation and protection of the conservation of the country’s natural resources environment. Besides the legislative measures, including lakes and rivers, its biodiversity, a National Conservation Strategy and Policy forests and wildlife, ensuring the welfare of Statement on Environment and Development, animals and prevention and abatement of 1992, National Forest Policy, 1988, a Policy pollution. While implementing these policies Statement on Abatement of Pollution, 1992 and programmes, the Ministry is guided by and a National Environment Policy, 2006 the principle of sustainable development and have also been evolved. enhancement of human well-being. The Ministry also serves as the nodal agency in The organization structure of the the country for the United Nations Environment Ministry indicating various Divisions and its Programme (UNEP), South Asia Co-operative autonomous and subordinate offices is given Environment Programme (SACEP), at Annexure- I-A & I-B. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Mandate of the Ministry Development (ICIMOD) and for the follow-up of the United Nations Conference on Allocation of Business Environment and Development (UNCED). The • Environment and Ecology, including Ministry is also entrusted with the issues environment in coastal waters, in relating to multilateral bodies such as the and coral reefs but Commission on Sustainable Development excluding marine environment on the high (CSD), Global Environment Facility (GEF) and seas. of regional bodies like Economic and Social Council for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP) and • Survey and Exploration of Natural South Asian Association for Regional Co- Resources particularly of Forest, Flora, operation (SAARC) on matters pertaining to Fauna, Ecosystems etc. environment. • Bio-diversity Conservation including that The broad objectives of the Ministry are: of lakes and wetlands. • Conservation and survey of flora, fauna, • Conservation, development, management forests and wildlife, and abatement of pollution of rivers which • Prevention and control of pollution, shall include National River Conservation Directorate. • Afforestation and regeneration of degraded areas, • Environmental Impact Assessment.

vi Annual Report 2009-2010

• Environment research and development, • National Assistance to Forestry education, training, information and Development Schemes. awareness. • Indian Plywood Industries Research and • Environmental Health. Training Institute, . • Forest Development Agency and Joint • Afforestation and Eco-development which Forest Management Programme for shall include National Afforestation and conservation, management and Eco-Development Board. afforestation. • Desert and Desertification. • Wildlife conservation, preservation, protection planning, research, education, • Forest Survey of . training and awareness including Project • Indian Institute of Bio-diversity, Itanagar. and . • Central Pollution Control Board. • International co-operation on issues concerning Environment, Forestry and • G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Wildlife. Environment & Development. • Botanical Survey of India and Botanical • Wildlife Institute of India and Indian Board Gardens. for Wildlife. • Zoological Survey of India. • Indian Institute of Forest Management. • National Museum of Natural History. • including National • Biosphere Reserve Programme. Zoological Park. • National Forest Policy and Forestry • Indian Council of Forestry Research & Development in the country including Education. Social Forestry. • Andaman and Nicobar Islands Forest and • All matters relating to Forest and Forest Plantation Development Corporation Administration in the Andaman and Limited. Nicobar Islands. • Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. • . • Matters relating to pounds and cattle • Wild Life Preservation and protection of trespass. wild birds and animals. • Gaushalas and Gausadans. • Fundamental and applied research and • training including higher education in The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, forestry. 1960 (59 of 1960). • Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological • The National Environment Tribunal Act, Park. 1995 (27 of 1995).

vii Ministry of Environment & Forests

• The National Environment Appellate • The Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927). Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997). • The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of • The Water Prevention and Control of 1972). Pollution Act, 1974 (6 of 1974). • The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69 • The Water (Prevention and Control of 1980). of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of • The Environment (Protection), Act, 1986 1977). (29 of 1986). • The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) • The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 Act, 1981 (14 of 1981). (6 of 1991).

viii Annual Report 2009-2010CHAPTER – 1 NATURAL RESOURCES – SURVEY AND EXPLORATION

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1 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Survey of Flora Objectives Botanical Survey of India The primary objectives of BSI are as follows: Introduction – Exploration, inventorying and The Botanical Survey of India (BSI) documentation of phytodiversity in general is the apex research organization under and protected areas, hotspots and fragile the Ministry of Environment and Forests, ecosystems in particular; publication of for carrying out National, State and District Floras. taxonomic and floristic studies on wild – Identification of threatened/red list species resources of the country. It was and species rich areas needing established on 13th February, 1890 with conservation; ex-situ conservation of the basic objective to explore the plant critically threatened species in botanical resources of the country and to identify gardens. the species with economic virtues. Sir George King, the then Superintendent – Survey and documentation of traditional of the ‘Royal Botanic Garden’ Calcutta knowledge (ethno-botany) associated with was appointed as First ex-officio plants. Honorary Director of the BSI. After – Develop a National database of Indian independence the department was reorganized in 1954 by Government of plants, including herbarium and live India as a part of scientific development specimens, botanical paintings/illustrations, of the country. During the successive plan etc. periods, the functional base of BSI was The secondary objectives are: further expanded to include various new – Revisionary/Monographic studies on areas such as inventorying of endemic, rare and threatened plant species; selected plant groups. evolving conservation strategies; studies – Qualitative analysis of nutritive value of on fragile ecosystems and protected ethno-food plants and other economically areas, like wildlife sanctuaries, national useful species. parks and biosphere reserves; – Capacity building in plant multiplication and maintenance of through refresher courses and post M.Sc. endemic and threatened plant species, wild ornamentals, etc., in Botanic certificate course. Gardens and Orchidaria; documentation – Environment Impact Assessment of areas of traditional knowledge associated with assigned by the ministry. plants and development of National – Develop and maintain Botanical Gardens, Database of herbarium and live Museums and Herbaria. collections, plant distribution and nomenclature, botanical paintings/ – Preparation of Seed, Pollen and Spore Atlas illustrations, plant uses, etc. of Indian Plants.

2 Annual Report 2009-2010

– Gangetic Plains: , , (Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary), (Buxa National Park) – Deccan Peninsula: , Chattisgarh, , – : Maharashtra, (Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary), (Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, Madei & Bondla Wildlife Sanctuaries and Dr. Salim Ali Bird Fig-1. An orchid – beauty of the forests Sanctuary), , Tamil Nadu Activities undertaken during the year – East Coast: Orissa, , Tamil Nadu ( to Kodiakarai) Botanical Exploration and Inventorisation of Phytodiversity – Islands: Andaman (Chidiyatapu) & Nicobar, Lakshadweep Field tours and Herbarium consultation tours During field tours, ca one thousand Fifty-two field tours were undertaken nine hundred fifty specimens have been 1 for floristic/ethnobotanical and other studies collected. One thousand three hundred forty of higher and lower groups of plants by of these collected specimens belonging to ca different regional centres and units of BSI three hundred twenty species were identified covering the following areas: by scientists of different regional centres and – Western Himalaya: units which resulted to discovery of one genus (Haripurdhar), (Govind Pashu and twenty five species as new to science Vihar, Pithoragarh, Dokriani glacier, and twenty one species as new to India. Dingad valley and Hurraglacier valley, Genus new to Science Pauri Garhwal & Rishikesh). – Cymbidiopsis H.J. Chowdhery – Eastern Himalaya: (West and South (Orchidaceae) – a new genus districts) Species new to science – North – : (Kurum Kumey, Delei valley), – Aporosa indo-acuminata T. Chakrabarty & (Gibbon wildlife Sanctuary and Pani Dihing N.P. Balakrishnan (Euphorbiaceae, sens. Wildlife Sanctuary), (Senapati and lat.) Tamenglong), Meghalya (Ribhoi) – Aralia devendrae Pusalkar (Araliaceae) – Arid – Semi Arid: , , – Bambusa majumdarii P. Kumari & P. Singh , (Poaceae: Bambusoidae)

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– Cryptothecia multipunctata Jagadeesh Ram, G.P. Sinha & Kr.P. Singh (Arthoniaceae) – Cryptothecia verruculifera Jagadeesh Ram, G.P. Sinha & Kr.P. Singh (Arthoniaceae) – Herpothallon granulosum Jagadeesh Ram & G.P. Sinha (Arthoniaceae) – Herpothallon isidiatum Jagadeesh Ram & G.P. Sinha (Arthoniaceae) Fig-2. Caltha palustris, commonly known as Kingcup or Marsh – Phyllanthus rangachariarii C. Marigold. Skin rashes and dermatitis have been reported from excessive handling of the plant. Murugan, K. A. A. Kabeer & G. V. S. Murthy (Euphorbiaceae) – Bambusa mohanramii P. Kumari & P. Singh – Sageratia devendrae Pusalkar (Poaceae: Bambusoidae) (Rhamnaceae) – Bambusa nairaina P. Kumari & P. Singh – Sageratia santapauii Pusalkar & D. K. Singh (Poaceae: Bambusoidae) (Rhamnaceae) – Saurauia nicobarica T. K. Paul – Berchemia jainiana P. K. Pusalkar & D. K. (Actinidiaceae) Singh (Rhamnaceae) – Saurauia parasnathensis V. Ranjan & S.C. – Bhesa andamanica N. Balachandran & T. Srivast. (Actinidiaceae) Chakrabarty (Celastraceae) – Saxifraga assamensis B. M. Wadhwa – Canscora sanjappae P. G. Diwakar & R. (Saxifragaceae) Kr. Singh (Gentianaceae) – Vaccinium amakhangium S. Panda & – Coriaria duthie D. K. Singh & Pusalkar Sanjappa (Ericaceae) (Coriariaceae) New Records for India – Corydalis kedarensis Pusulkar & D. K. Singh – Cololejeunea longiana Grolle & Mizut. (Fumariaceae) (Lejeuneaceae) – Cryptothecia alboglauca Jagadeesh Ram, – Combretum trifoliatum Vent. G.P. Sinha & Kr.P. Singh (Arthoniaceae) (Combretaceae) – Cryptothecia bengalensis Jagadeesh Ram, – Cotricia vallata (Berk.) Teng G.P. Sinha & Kr.P. Singh (Arthoniaceae) (Hymenochaetaceae) – Cryptothecia farinosa Jagadeesh Ram, G.P. – Delphinium nordhagenii Wendelbo Sinha & Kr.P. Singh (Arthoniaceae) (Ranunculaceae)

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– Erythrodecton malacum (Kremp.) G. Thor. – Sesbania sericea (Willd.) Link (Roccellaceae) (Leguminosae) – Ginalloa helferi Kurz (Viscaceae) Documentation of Phytodiversity – Goodenia koningsbergeri (Back.) Back. ex National Flora () Bold. (Goodeniaceae) – Taxonomic description of families – Herpothallon australasicum (Elix) Elix & G. Acanthaceae (Subtribe: Justiciinae), Thor (Arthoniaceae) Nyctaginaceae, Lauraceae, Salicaceae, Cyperaceae (Tribe: Rynchosporaceae, – Herpothallon granulare (Sipman) Aptroot Hypolyteae & Sclerieae), Ranunculaceae & Lücking (Arthoniaceae) (Genus: Ranunculus), Juncaceae, – Herpothallon albidum (Fée) Aptroot, Lücking Begoniaceae have been completed and & G. Thor (Arthoniaceae) submitted for publication. – Herpothallon cinereum G. Thor – An annotated Checklist of Lichens (Two (Arthoniaceae) thousand two hundred thirty one species) and Marine algae (eight hundred forty – Herpothallon philippinum (Vain.) Aptroot species) of India have been completed and & Lücking (Arthoniaceae) submitted for publication. – Impatiens harae var. micrantha (Hara) & – Checklist of Cyanophyceae (c. one S. Akiyama (Balsaminaceae) thousand one hundred ninety species) 1 – Lejeunea papilionaceae Steph. and Chlorophyceae (c. one thousand (Lejeuneaceae) five hundred species) has been completed – Lindera cercidiflia Hemsl. (Lauraceae) – Opegrapha agelaeotera Vain. (Roccellaceae) – Opegrapha subrimulosa Nyl. (Roccellaceae) – Saccogynidium irregularospinum Gao et al. (Geocalycaceae) – a new generic record. – Saussurea forestii Grolle. (Asteraceae) – Sciaphilla secundiflora Thwaites ex Benth. (Triuridaceae) Fig-3. An Alpine orchid

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Regional/State Flora Republic (BGIR), NOIDA and in the – Taxonomic description for Flora of Associated Botanic Gardens of different (Volume III), Manipur (Volume II), Regional Centres of BSI. (Volume I and Volume IV), Uttar Pradesh – Indigenous saplings and seedlings of (Volume I), Jammu & Kashmir (Volume IV) medicinal plants have been procured from and Kerala (Volume II) have been completed different parts of Terai region and Orissa and submitted for publication. for BGIR, NOIDA. Planting of seedlings in Terai division of the garden completed. – Flora of Upper Siang District and Bryophyic About seven hundred seedlings of twelve Flora of Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh plant species have been raised successfully. has been completed and submitted for publication. – Introduced and maintained three rare Zingibers, two rare Orchids and thirty seven Protected Areas medicinally/economically important – Taxonomic description for Flora of Ballavpur species in Botanic Garden, Barapani, Wildlife Sanctuary, Kyangnolsa Alpine Shillong. Stock cultures of Paphiopedilum Sanctuary, Tendong Reserve Forest, spp., Cymbidium tigrinum, Nephenthes Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, Dampa Tiger khasiana were subcultured onto fresh Reserve, Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary and medium and maintained. Fumbonglho Wildlife Sanctuary have been completed and submitted for publication. – Bryophyic Flora of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary of Arunachal Pradesh has been completed and submitted for publication. Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge of Plant Resources – Five tours to Jharsaguda, Angul, Bolangir and Gajapati districts carried out and ethno- botanical uses of ca. two hundred seventy four species recorded, which includes one hundred ninty two medicinal, sixty five of food value and seventeen of veterinary uses. Ex-situ Conservation in Botanic Gardens – Thirty six rare endangered species have been introduced for, acclimatization and multiplication for ex-situ conservation of and economically important plants in Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, Botanic Garden of Indian Fig-4. Rheum nobile – an alpine plant of Sikkim

6 Annual Report 2009-2010

Monitoring of Botanic Gardens – LAN and WAN connectivity through leased – During the period BSI monitored the line has been completed at AJC Bose IBG Complex conservation of rare threatened species in fourteen botanical gardens funded by MoEF – Data Centre and Data Production Line have under the ‘Assistance to Botanic Garden’ been commissioned Scheme and submitted the reports. – Beta testing of Application Software for – Reviewed thirty four project proposals under Indian Virtual herbarium has been ‘Assistance to Botanic Garden’ scheme of completed MoEF. – Two hundred ten Officials of BSI has been Miscellaneous trained on Concepts of IT & Office Suite Public Services rendered through Computer Maintenance Corporation (CMC). BSI disseminated scientific information Publications to public and also assisted scientists, students and researchers in their pursuit of taxonomic During the period BSI published the research on plants. During the period following books: scientists, students and visitors, including 1. Hepaticae & Anthocerotae of Great ninteen VIPs, have visited the Botanic Gardens, Himalayan National Park, Himachal Herbaria and Museums of BSI; one hundred Pradesh eighty five requests for information and supply 1 2. Flora of , Himachal of plant materials have been attended. Pradesh Identified one hundred sixty nine plant materials. 3. Vanaspati Anveshan 2008 (in Hindi) e-Governance initiatives 4. Plant Discoveries 2008 – The 1st project of Conservation, Restoration 5. Floristic Diversity of and Digitisation of the Old Archival 6. Vanaspati Vani, Vol.18 (in Hindi) Documents/Correspondences/Manuscripts 7. ENVIS News Letter Vols. 13 (2). & Herbarium Specimens at Industrial Section Indian Museum, has been 8. ENVIS News Letter Vols. 14 (1). sanctioned by MoEF and digitization work 9. Flora of Tamil Nadu – Grasses has been initiated by the successful vendor. 10. Materials for the Flora of Arunachal The firm has been selected for execution Pradesh, Vol. II (Asteraceae to of the 2nd project of Conservation, Ceratophyllaceae) Restoration and Digitisation of the Historic Forbes Watson and Thomas Wardle 11. Materials for the Flora of Arunachal Volumes on Textiles and Natural Dyes and Pradesh, Vol III (Hydrocharitaceae to Botanical paintings at Industrial Section Poaceae) Indian Museum, Kolkata & letter for sanction 12. Flowering Plants of India – Dicotyledons, of project has been sent to MoEF. Volume I

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13. Annotated Checklist of Lichens of India, poisoned and six thousand six hundred and 2010 eighty nine sheets have been incorporated in different herbaria of BSI. 14. Bulletin of Botanical Survey of India, Volume 50 Honours/Awards/Medals received Apart from that, Scientist of BSI published – Dr. H. C. Pande, Scientist, Northern Circle, more than sixty five research papers in different conferred with Prof. S. S. Bir peer reviewed journals during the period. Medal for significant contribution towards pteridology Report of the Indian Botanical Liaison Officer, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK – Director, BSI received the KOLTOLIC SHIELD on 04.09.2009 on behalf of BSI for the – Indian Botanical Liaison Officer identified consecutive 3rd year for the best twenty two species for the botanists of India. implementation of Official Language The images of the type sheet of forty nine amongst the Central Government Offices taxa and eighteen protologues are provided in Kolkata. to different institutes in India. Revenue earnings Digitization & establishment of integrated network of BSI Libraries and enrichment of During the period BSI earned a revenue library holdings of Rs. 25,36,321/- as per following breakings – Computerised catalogue of holdings of all – AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, BSI Libraries initiated using e–granthalaya earned a revenue of Rs. 21,68,326/- software. The software is installed in through Entry Fee, Car Parking Fee, computers of all libraries for electronic Cafeteria, Pavilion and through other fees cataloguing to provide access to library – Industrial Section Indian Museum, BSI, database through internet Kolkata earned a revenue of Rs.41,500/- – Web portal of integrated network of BSI through Identification of Plant Samples libraries made functional with digitization under N.D.P.S. Act of all holdings of BSI, Southern Regional – Publication Section, BSI – Hqrs., Kolkata Centre, and ISIM, Kolkata. earned a revenue of Rs. 1,58.275/- Maintenance and enrichment of Herbaria in and US$ 104/-through sale of BSI Botanical Survey of India publications – Central National Herbarium, BSI, Howrah During the period nine hundred and earned a revenue of Rs 14,650/- through fourty six specimens have been mounted and identification of plants/samples received remounted five thousand six hundred and from Excise, Customs, Colleges eighty seven herbarium sheets. Nineteen thousand six hundred and fourty five – Southern Regional Centre, Coimbatore, herbarium sheets have been dusted and earned a revenue of Rs. 99,762/- through fumigated. Twelve thousand three hundred sale of BSI publications, Photocopying and and fifty nine herbarium sheets have been Identification of Plant Samples

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– Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong earned Environment and forests, has been a revenue of Rs. 22,576/- through undertaking exploration and research leading Identification, Sale of Plant Saplings, to the advancement of our knowledge on the Training, Photocopying and Transit Charges exceptionally rich faunal diversity of the country since its inception in 1916, with its – Western Regional Centre, Pune, Northern Headquarters at Kolkata and sixteen regional Regional Centre, Dehradun and Arid Zone centres located in different parts of the country. Regional Centre, Jodhpur earned a revenue In recent years, ZSI has reoriented its plan of Rs. 12,690/-, Rs. 8,819/- and Rs. to work by grouping the survey and studies 9,723/-respectively through sale of BSI under six major programmes as follows: (i) publications and Identification of Plant Study of the fauna of states (ii) Fauna of Samples conservation areas (iii) Fauna of important Visit of Parliamentary Committees ecosystems (iv) Status survey of endangered species (v) and (v) Ecological The Parliamentary Committee on Studies & Environmental Impact Assessments Official Language reviewed the status of (EIA). ZSI further provides (i) Identification & implementation of official language in Arid Advisory Services, (ii) Training & Extension Zone Regional Centre, Jodhpur on 10th Services in the field of taxonomy and February and in Central Regional Centre, faunistic surveys, (iii) Library facilities and Allahabad on 28th October, 2009. (iv) Presentation & Publication of Research work in journals and books, (v) Maintenance Visit of Planning Commission Member 1 of Museums at headquarters and regional Dr. K Kasturirangan, Hon’ble Member, centre at Digha and . Recently, ZSI Planning Commission, Government of India, also concentrates in i) Development of ENVIS visited the AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden on Faunal diversity, CITES centres and – Central National Herbarium Complex of AICOPTAX Programmes, (ii) Chromosomal Botanical Survey of India on September 17, Mapping, DNA finger printing, 2009. Trichotaxonomic and Acoustic studies and (iii) Particpation in Antarctica Expedition: ZSI is Ph. D degree awarded/Ph.D thesis submitted providing monthly e-News since January Eleven Ph.D theses have been 2009, highlighting new discoveries, new submitted by the Research Scholars of BSI for records, published paper articles on its role award of degree, one of them has been in environmental protection, visit of the awarded. dignitaries, publication of checklists etc. Survey of Fauna Activities undertaken during the year Zoological Survey of India During the year, scientists of the department discovered thirty nine species Introduction and Objectives new to science, eight Senior Research The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) Fellows (SRFs) obtained Ph.D. degree from a premier institute under the Ministry of different universities. ZSI recognized as the

9 Ministry of Environment & Forests repository of Zoological specimens by MoEF – State Faunal Surveys under Biological Diversity Act, 2002. A total sixteen and intensive surveys were Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre undertaken in the states and Union have been recognized as lead institute Territories of viz., Arunachal Pradesh, under UNESCO. Planning Commission , Assam, Uttar Pradesh, recognized the importance of Taxonomy Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar, and recommended ZSI to be the Centre of , Madhya Pradesh, Orissa Excellence in Animal Taxonomy. Under Right Jharkhand, Kerala, Karnataka, to Information Act, 2005, ZSI handled Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andaman and twenty two cases. In this year Identification Nicobar Islands and Himachal Pradesh. of thirty two seized materials of Wildlife – Other Studies authorities were carried out. A total of seven A total of fourteen programmes under collaborative research projects of ZSI Ecological Studies, River Systems, Agro- include habitat analysis for translocation of ecosystems, Bioacoustics, and Eastern Pygmy hog at Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary Ghats were under taken. Several scientists was undertaken. from Headquarters as well as Regional Faunal Exploration and Surveys Centres observed the longest solar eclipse of the 21st century on 22nd July and in – Ecosystems connection with that the scientists of the A total of thirty eight extensive surveys were Survey conducted eco-observation studies undertaken during this year viz. Mountain on the impact of the eclipse on fauna. (nineteen), Forests (two), Marine (two), – Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Estuarine (nine), Desert (four), Manmade Studies ecosystems (two). EIA studies were conducted in two areas, – Protected Areas one at Kapudi and Jalipa Lignite Mining A total of nine extensive surveys were blocks of District Barmer, Rajasthan and undertaken during this year viz. Gulf of Lower Subansiri Hydro-Electric Project. Mannar, Sunderbans, Nokrek (Biosphere Reserve), , Dalma, Radhanagiri, Kanyakumary (Wildlife Sanctuary), Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park and Keibul Lamjao (National Park). – Status Survey of Endangered Species Status survey on the six species were undertaken viz., Swamp Deer, Mouse Deer, Goral, Chinkara, Desert Cat, Gangetic Dolphin, Blackbuck and Four horned Fig-5. Himalaya blue sheep popularly known as antelope. ‘Bharal’

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Research Work Palachia frontopuncta – Identification of New Taxa Palachia neorobusta Palmon kottiyooricus A total of thirty nine species were described Kostijurixia laharaensis new to science including one new genus Colotrechnus melghaticus during the year, the details are as follows: Homoporus maharashtriensis Amphibia (Eleven) Chlorocytus amaravathicus Family: BUFONIDAE Order : COLEOPTERA Bufo kiphirensis Corticarina mizoramica Bufo mamitensis Nematoda (Ten) Bufo manipurensis Bufo mizoramensis Order : DORYLAIMIDA Bufo nagalandensis Torumanawa shinensis Bufo wokhaensis Mylodiscus mognus Family: RACHOPHORIDAE Neoactinolaimus rajasthanensis Chirixalus senapatiensis Order: SPIRURIDA Philautus manipurensis Diplotriaena champawatensis Polypedates assamensis Diplotriaena zootherae Polypendates subansiriensis Diplotriaenaniltavae 1 Rhacophorus subansiriensis Diplotriaena almoraensis Pices (One) Order: MONONCHIDA Subfamily : NEMACHEILINAE Miconchus rectengularis Aborichthys rosammai Miconchus bulbicaudatus Cosmocercoides karnatakaensis Archnida (One) New Records Family: EREMULIDAE Besides above, seventy species of Hard Eremulus indicus Corals, nineteen species of Budibranch Insecta (Sixteen) Molluscs, seventy species of Pisces, twenty Order: two species of are new to the country and a number of the distributional records Narendraniola flagellate n. gen., n.sp. of States, Ecosystems and conservation Tiphodytes gracilis areas. Tiphodytes minutus Tiphodytes crassus – Taxonomic Studies Tanaodytes elongatus A total of fifteen thousand five hundred Heydenia gibsoni thirty two specimens including seven Philimides indicus hundred eighty nine Aves (observed) and Lophomyrmex changlangensis two hundred thirty four mammals (sighted)

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– Collaborative Projects Undertaken Six Collaborative Projects were assigned to ANRC, Andaman and Nicobar centre and one Collaborative research project of ZSI at Kolkata include Habitat analysis for translocation of Pygmy hog at Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, West Bengal. Under the collaborative project, during this period eighteen field surveys were conducted in various islands of Campbell Bay in Great Nicobar Island, Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, North Bay Reef and Rutland Fig-6. Himalaya Griffon Vulture (Gyps himalayensis) in South Andaman, Ritchie’s Archipelago in Middle Andaman and Nancowory under eighteen faunal groups were Islands in Nicobar. As much as one collected, of which five hundred fifty eight thousand six hundred forty eight specimens species of twelve faunal groups. collected through these surveys and nine – Checklist of Indian Fauna hundred twelve faunal species were Following checklist of Indian fauna are identified from the different groups. They uploaded on the website viz., Nepomorpha are ninety six species of zooplankton, one (Hemiptera: Insecta), Gerromorpha hundred eighty three species of mollusks, (Hemiptera: Insecta), Atyidae and ninety four species of echinoderms, one Palaemonidae (Decapoda: Crustacea), hundred sixty six species of corals, Lepidopterous Pests of Vegitables in India, seventeen species of octocorals, ninety four Scelioniane (Hymenoptera: Insecta), species of fishes thirty four species of fishes, Embioptera (Insecta), Odonata (Insecta), forty seven species of butterflies, eleven (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera: species of reptiles and amphibians, one Insecta), Acanthocephala, Eucharitidae hundred sixty five species of birds and five (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Insecta), species of mammals. Amphibia, Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha, Trichoptera (Insecta), Ephemeroptera – Identification and Advisory Services (Insecta), Psychodidae (Diptera: Insecta), During this period forty one enquiries Valid Indian Rodent Taxa, Native freshwater pertaining to identification of different Fishes of India, Membracidae (Homoptera: groups of animals were attended, from Insecta) Universities and other agencies. A Faunal database centre was inaugurated – Development of National Zoological by Hon’ble Member of Planning Collection Commission Prof. K. Kasturiranga. The ZSI which is National depository of

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Zoological specimens, maintaining the small mammal species through owl pellet collection of a large number of identified analysis examples of species belonging to almost – Occ. Paper No. 295. Dung Beetles Thar all groups of animals of the country. The desert of Gujarat National Zoological Collection was further enriched by the addition of three thousand – Occ. Paper No. 296. Dung Beetles of one hundred ninety eight identified Rajasthan specimens pertaining to five hundred fifty – Occ. Paper No. 297. List of valid rodent eight species. Taxa from – Training and Extension Programme – Occ. Paper No. 298. A The following training courses were morphotaxonomic studies of the Indian organised during the year. species of Forcipomyia Meigen biting midges – XII Leadership Course on “Environmental Awareness and Wildlife Conservation – Occ. Paper No. 299. Bibliographical notes on Amphibians of N-E India – International Day for Biological Diversity “Invasive Alien Species” as the Focal – Occ. Paper No. 300. Studies on the theme chromosomes of grasshoppers etc. – Training Programme for “Non-matriculate – Occ. Paper No. 301. Coral reef 1 Group-D Employees ecosystem of Andaman-Remote sensing – Departmental Publications and rapid site assessment survey – Rec. ZSI Volume 109 (Part-1) – Rec. ZSI Volume 109 (Part-2) – Occ. Paper No. 292. Animal remains from Jaugada archeological site, Orissa… ancient civilization – Occ. Paper No.293. Studies on little known Amphibian species of North East India – Occ. Paper No. 294. Identification of some Fig-7. Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) in their natural habitat

13 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Occ. Paper No. 302. An annotated – Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve by the Checklist of Indian Amphibians Hon’ble Minister, MoEF – Memoirs of ZSI Vol.21 (No.3). Animal – Hard Corals of Gulf of Kachchh by the remains from Brahmagiri Archeological Hon’ble Minister, MoEF site, Karnataka… Ancient civilization – Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve by the – Pictorial Handbook – Dragonflies and Member, Planning Commission, New Delhi Damselflies of Sunderbans – Coral reef ecosystem of Andaman – – Handbook on Butterflies of Himachal Remote sensing and rapid site assessment Pradesh survey by the Member, Planning – Handbook on Hard Corals of Gulf of Commission, New Delhi Kachchh – An annotated Checklist of Indian – Pictoral guide of fishes of Nemipteridae Amphibians by the Member, Planning Commission, New Delhi – ENVIS Newsletter – Catalogue of Type Species of Marine – Animal Discoveries 2008 Porifera by the Member, Planning – Conservation Area Series 38- Tal Commission, New Delhi Chhapar Wildlife Sanctuary – Dung Beetles of Rajasthan by Prof. – Conservation Area Series 39- Pachmarhi Madhav Gadgil, Chairman, Task Force, Biosphere Reserve ZSI and BSI – Conservation Area Series – Tal Chhapar Wildlife Sanctuary by Prof. 40- Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve Madhav Gadgil, Chairman, Task Force, – Conservation Area Series ZSI and BSI 41- Simbalbara Wildlife Sanctuary – Identification of Seized Specimens from the – Conservation Area Series Enforcement Authorities 42- Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary Twenty seven confiscated materials of Forest – Fauna of Krishna department/law enforcing directorates/ – Books Released during the period Police department were identified, and report sent to the concerned office. The The following books were released during status of the following schedule animals the year by the dignitaries- Trochus niloticus, Turbo marmoratus and – Animal remains from Brahmagiri Horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius archeological site, Karnataka… Ancient rotundicanda and Carcinoscorpius gigas civilization by the Hon’ble Minister, were reviewed, in consultation with the IG MoEF. Forests, MoEF. Animals included under – Fauna of Krishna Estuary by the Hon’ble Section 38 of Biodiversity Act received from Minister, MoEF different states are also reviewed.

14 Annual Report 2009-2010

– Foreign Visit Four Scientist from ZSI has participated in “IUCN Eastern Himalayas Freshwater Biodiversity Assessment Training Workshop” at Kathmandu, Nepal from 22nd to 26th July, 2009. – National Symposium One national symposium “On recent advances in biodiversity” conducted by Andaman and Nicobar regional centre, ZSI, one hundred twenty five Fig-8. Horse-shoe crabs, found in north-east coast of India need participants attended, sixty four protection oral presentations were made – Participation in Exhibition on this occasion. Volume containing one hundred twenty six abstracts has been ZSI participated twelve exhibitions at released during the symposium. different places of the country. Museums 1 and Aquaria maintained by ZSI attracted – Golden Jublee Celebrations a large number of public as well as On completing fifty years of service to students, Western Ghats ecosystem at Nation, Northeast Regional Centre, the Calicut and Marine animals at Chennai year long programme was initiated by and Digha attracted maximum number of Hon’ble Governor of Meghalaya with visitors viz. 4180, 2800 and 5,200 release of four books, a quiz programme respectively. in collaboration with Doordarshan Kendra, Shillong and a one day seminar on the – Biodiversity Board Meeting Attended Role of Media on conservation of Biological ZSI scientists attended various state Diversity. Biodiversity board meetings at West – Participation on Training Programme on Bengal, Karnataka, Mizoram, Orissa, Information Technology (IT) Awareness and Gujarat, and provided the information of E-Governance under Information Rules for amendments, their expertise in Technology Programmes collection, preservation and identification Two hundred twenty three officer/staff of of animals and their ecology, framing the ZSI attended e-governance training modalities of awareness programmes programme under different batches at towards conservation of biodiversity in different locations. respective state.

15 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Library Facility type specimens and they were provided all necessary facilities. ZSI library is holding the largest collection of Books Journals on Zoology in Asia. Forest Resources and Survey During this year two hundred sixty nine Survey and Utilisation (SU) Division books were purchased and twenty five were received as gift from various Institutes. Survey & Utilization (SU) deals with Journals purchased three hundred thirteen, the matter related to , by gift three hundred fifty four, and by Dehradun, Andaman & Nicobar Forest & exchange seven hundred ninety four. Plantation Development Corporation Ltd., Port Library provided four thousand nine Blair, Export & Import of wood and wood hundred twenty one pages photocopies to products, Forest Certification, Sustainable Scientists. Those who visited library were Forest Management, International Tropical one thousand four hundred eighty nine Timber Organization etc. (departmental) and six hundred fourteen Beside the above there is a plan from other Institutes and colleges. scheme in SU Division - ‘Strengthening of Comprehensive catalogues on the following Forestry Division’ under its administrative animal groups viz., Mammals, Birds, control. This scheme have five component Reptilia and Amphibia, Fish, Mollusca, and which are as follows:- Helminthology have been submitted for publication. Data entry of Library holdings – Forest Survey of India for e-Granthalaya commenced at Jodhpur, – Network of Regional Offices Pune, Dehradun and Chennai. – National Forestry Data Base Management – Visitors to Zoological Survey of India System (NFDMS)/ National Forestry Eleven renowned specialist of Indian Information System national and six Foreign National examined – Sustainable Forest Management, Certification, Trade etc./ Certification Programme for Wood and Non-wood Forest Resources – National Coordinated Programme for Assessment of Non- Timber Forest Products Resources Forest Survey of India (FSI) Introduction Forest Survey of India (FSI) is a national level organization for forest resource assessment of the country under the Ministry of Fig-9. The painted grasshopper (Poekilocerus pictus) Environment and Forests,

16 Annual Report 2009-2010

Government of India. It succeeded the “Pre – To undertake forestry related special investment Survey of Forest Resources” (PISFR), studies/consultancies and custom made which was a project initiated in 1965 by training courses for SFD’s and other Government of India with the sponsorship of organisations on project basis. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Organizational Set-up United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The PISFR was reorganized into FSI The Forest Survey of India is located in June 1981. The mandate of FSI was revised at Dehradun and its four zonal offices are in 1986 in order to make it more relevant located at Shimla, Kolkata, Nagpur and to the rapidly changing needs and aspirations Bangalore. The organisation is headed by a of the country. Major activities of FSI are Forest Director General, assisted by two Joint & Tree Cover Assessment and Estimation of Directors at the headquarters who are looking Growing Stock of wood within and outside after the National Forest Data Management the country’s forests. FSI is also engaged in Centre (NFDMC) and the Training & Forest providing training to state forest department Inventory (TFI) wings and eight Deputy personnel in application of Remote Sensing Directors, Assistant Directors and other & Geographical Information System (GIS) in technical & ministerial staff. Each zonal office is headed by a Regional Director supported forest resource assessment. The main by Deputy Director(s) and other technical & objectives of FSI are as. ministerial staff. The Headquarters as well as – To assess the forest cover of the country the zonal offices work in close coordination through Remote Sensing technology, to carry out the various mandated and 1 analyze the changes and prepare State of additional activities of FSI. Forest Report biennially. Besides administration and overall – To conduct inventory in forests and non- control, the activities at the headquarters forest areas at national level and develop includes forest cover assessment, producing database on wood volume and also maps, designing methodology for national estimate tree cover. inventory, data processing, producing State – To function as a nodal agency for collection, of Forest Reports, conducting training, compilation, storage and dissemination of coordination and monitoring the activities of spatial database on forest resources. Zonal offices. The major activity of the zonal offices is field inventory. In a phased manner – To conduct training of forestry personnel in the zonal offices are also being assigned the application of technologies related to work of forest cover mapping. resources survey, remote sensing, GIS, etc. The Forest Survey of India, with its – To strengthen research & development four regional centres has continued the infrastructure in FSI and to conduct research mandated activities of this organisation viz. on applied forest survey techniques. assessment of the forest cover on a two-year – To support State/UT Forest Departments cycle and publishing the findings in the India (SFD) in forest resources survey, mapping State of Forest Report; Inventory of forest and and inventory. trees outside forest; imparting training to

17 Ministry of Environment & Forests forestry personnel in the field of application – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in of Remote Sensing/GIS/GPS in forest Effective Forest Planning and Management resource assessment; conducting special – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in studies and other R&D works. Working Plan Preparation Forest & Tree Cover – Advanced Course on Application of GIS With the release of the ‘India State of in Forest Resource Management Forest Report 2009’ so far eleven cycles of – Inventory Techniques, Image Processing and forest cover assessment have been completed GIS Applications in Forestry since 1987. Over the year with the – GPS in Forest Surveys & Demarcation advancement of technologies of image FSI has also trained around five processing and data quality of remote sensing, hundred forestry personnel at various outreach the methodology of forest cover assessment customized training courses for the State Forest has improved to provide more accurate data Departments. products for better operational management In addition to the above, FSI is also and planning. In addition to forest cover, working on various projects assigned by assessment of tree cover of the country is also Government of India some of which are as being carried out using the Tree Outside follows. Forest (TOF) inventory data. – National Forest Type Mapping Forest & TOF inventory – Monitoring of Area Coverage & Survival More than 80 % forest area of the Percentage of Plantations/ Afforestation country was inventoried by 2000. A new under National Afforestation Programme inventory design was adopted by FSI since (NAP) 2002 to generate national level estimates of – Mapping of change in land use in Aravalli growing stock both for forest and TOF hills of Haryana resources on a two year cycle on the basis – Assessment of Coral Reefs in India of selected sampled districts. This estimate is – Near real time monitoring of active Forest further improved in the subsequent cycle with Fires using MODIS Web Fire Mapper the increase in the numbers of sampled – Analysis of eligibility of lands for afforestation districts. Thus there is a progressive and re-afforestation projects under Clean improvement in the precision of the estimates Development Mechanism (CDM) with completion of each cycle. – Assessment of Mangroves in India Training – Coastal Zone Studies project More than two thousand nine hundred India State of Forest Report 2009 forestry personnel from State Forest Departments have been trained so far in the Introduction various training programmes conducted at Forest Survey of India has been FSI on the following themes. bringing out ‘State of Forest Reports’ since

18 Annual Report 2009-2010

1987 based on interpretation of satellite cover followed by Arunachal Pradesh images. (9.75%), Chhattisgarh (8.09%), Maharashtra India State of Forest Report 2009 is (7.33%) and Orissa (7.07%). the eleventh such report. The seven North-East States together Forest cover mapping in this report account for about one fourth of the total forest has been done by digital interpretation of cover of the country. The North-East region satellite images of LISS III sensor of of the country comprising seven States namely, Resourcesat-1. The scale is 1:50,000 and Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, the minimum mappable area is 1 ha. Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland & is only 7.76% of the geographic area of the Forest Cover country, but accounts for nearly one fourth The status of forest cover of the country of its forest cover. The total forest cover in 2 based on digital interpretation of satellite data the region is 170,423 km , which is 66.81% of the period Oct 2006-Feb 2007 having of the geographic area as against the national spatial resolution of 23.5m is provided in the average of 21.02%. Compared with the Table-1. previous assessment, there is a net gain of 598 km2. India’s forest cover in 2007 is 69.09 million ha which is 21.02% of the Decadal Change in Forest Cover of the geographical area. Of this, 8.35 million ha Country (2.54%) is very dense forest, 31.90 million Forest cover of India has shown an 1 ha (9.71%) is moderately dense forest, and increasing trend in the last decade despite the rest 28.84 million ha (8.77%) is open the ever increasing pressure on forests due forest; including 0.46 million ha mangroves. to population growth. The increase in the forest Excluding the area (18.31 million ha) above cover of the country is reflected in the time tree line, the forest cover of the country comes series of forest cover assessments done by of 22.26%. FSI on a biennial basis since 1987. As seen A comparison of the forest cover of the the forest cover of India has increased from country between the present and the preceding 65.96 million ha in 1997 assessment (satellite assessments (2005) shows that there is a net data pertaining to 1994) to 69.09 million ha gain of 728 km2 during the period. in the current assessment (satellite data pertaining to 2009-07) i.e. an increase of Due to a new methodology, refinement 3.13 million ha (4.75%). It is worth noting has been done in the forest cover data of here that because of significant changes in ‘SFR 2005’. The original and revised figures the resolution and quality of satellite data, of ‘SFR 2005’ have been presented in Chapter methodology of interpretation, scale of 1 of the main report. mapping and classification scheme, the Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest decadal data may not be strictly cover (7.77 million ha) amongst States/UTs comparable. An attempt has been made to constituting 11.25% of the country’s forest reduce (normalize) the effects of

19 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-1. Forest cover in States/UTs in India in 2007 States/UTs Geographical. Forest Cover Percent Change Scrub Area Very Mod. Open Total to GA in (GA) Dense Dense Forest forest Forest Forest cover Andhra Pradesh 275,069 820 24,757 19,525 45,102 16.40 -129 10,372 Arunachal Pradesh 83,743 20,858 31,556 14,939 67,353 80.43 -119 111 Assam 78,438 1,461 11,558 14,673 27,692 35.30 -66 179 Bihar 94163 231 3248 3325 6,804 7.23 -3 134 Chhattisgarh 135,191 4,162 35,038 16,670 55,870 41.33 -59 107 Delhi 1,483 7 50 120 177 11.94 0 1 Goa 3,702 511 624 1,016 2,151 58.10 -5 1 Gujarat 196022 376 5249 8995 14,620 7.46 16 1,463 Haryana 44212 27 463 1104 1,594 3.61 -10 145 Himachal Pradesh 55673 3224 6383 5061 14,668 26.35 2 327 Jammu & Kashmir 222,236 4,298 8,977 9,411 22,686 10.21 -3 2,036 Jharkhand 79714 2590 9899 10405 22,894 28.72 172 683 Karnataka 191,791 1,777 20,181 14,232 36,190 18.87 -10 3,176 Kerala 38,863 1,443 9,410 6,471 17,324 44.58 40 58 Madhya Pradesh 308,245 6,647 35,007 36,046 77,700 25.21 -39 6,401 Maharashtra 307,713 8,739 20,834 21,077 50,650 16.46 -11 4,157 Manipur 22,327 701 5,474 11,105 17,280 77.40 328 1 Meghalaya 22,429 410 9,501 7,410 17,321 77.23 116 211 Mizoram 21,081 134 6,251 12,855 19,240 91.27 640 1 Nagaland 16,579 1,274 4,897 7,293 13,464 81.21 -201 2 Orissa 155,707 7,073 21,394 20,388 48,855 31.38 100 4,852 Punjab 50362 0 733 931 1,664 3.30 4 20 Rajasthan 342,239 72 4,450 11,514 16,036 4.69 24 4,347 Sikkim 7,096 500 2,161 696 3,357 47.31 0 356 Tamil Nadu 130,058 2,926 10,216 10,196 23,338 17.94 24 1,206 Tripura 10,486 111 4,770 3,192 8,073 76.99 -100 75 Uttar Pradesh 240,928 1,626 4,563 8,152 14,341 5.95 -5 745 Uttarakhand 53,483 4,762 14,165 5,568 24,495 45.80 2 271 West Bengal 88,752 2,987 4,644 5,363 12,994 14.64 24 29 Andaman & Nicobar 8,249 3,762 2,405 495 6,662 80.76 -1 53 114 1 10 6 17 14.91 0 1 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 491 0 114 97 211 42.97 -5 1 Daman & Diu 112 0 1 5 6 5.04 0 3 Lakshadweep 32 0 16 10 26 82.75 0 0 Puducherry 480 0 13 31 44 9.14 2 0 Grand Total 3,287,263 83,510 319,012 288,377690,899 21.02 728 41,525 *The change in the above table refers to change in the area with respect to revised assessment for 2005.

20 Annual Report 2009-2010 methodology and technology changes, so of Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, that an estimate of the real change in the Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim and Uttarakhand was forest cover can be elicited, although such assessed (183, 135 km2). If this area is removed, an exercise is bound to have its own the forest and tree cover of the country becomes limitations and the results can be only taken 25.25% of the geographical area. as best approximations. State-wise growing stock The technological advancement and India SFR 2009 provides estimates of methodological refinements over the years as mentioned above have resulted in three State-wise growing stock. The methodology significant changes viz. change of scale, of National Forest Inventory (NFI) is designed inclusion of smaller patches of forest cover to provide estimates of growing stock at up to one ha and switching over from raster national level. In the national level inventory to vector approach. However, by suitable design, the distribution of sample plots is not mathematical treatment using a logical basis, adequate to generate the state level estimates an effort has been made to make the directly. However, considering the requirement assessment results of different years of state level estimates of growing stock, a comparable by factoring in these changes special technique has been applied for the first time, for generating the state level Forest cover in different forest types estimates. An extensive study was carried out in 1 GIS frame work to map India’s forests by Forest cover in hill districts forest types according to Champion & Seth As per the planning Commission’s classification (1968) on 1:50,000 scale. criterion, a hill taluka is one with altitude over There are sixteen forest type groups sub five hundred metre from the mean sea level. divided into two hundred types. In India SFR A hill district is one with over half its area 2009 this information is being presented up under hill talukas. The forest cover in one to sixteen type groups. hundred twenty four hill districts is 281,841 Forest cover in different altitude zones km2, which is 39.82% of the total geographic area of these districts, showing a net gain of The forest cover data was analyzed 2 in GIS format to determine the forest cover 663 km , mainly due to regrowth in shifting in different altitudinal zones for the first time. cultivation areas. The zones for analysis were taken as 0 - From another perspective, the tribal 500m, 500-1000m, 1000-2000m, 2000 - districts have nearly three fifths of the country’s 3000m and above 3000m. total forest cover. Considering area above 4000m (‘tree Forest cover in tribal districts line’) as not suitable for increasing forest cover for all practical purposes, the area in the FSI has assessed forest cover in the Himalayan region of the country in the states districts identified as tribal districts by the

21 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Government of India in the Integrated Tribal m3 of which 4.499 billion m3 is in the forests, Development Programme. The forest cover and 1.599 billion m3 is in tree outside forests. 2 in 188 tribal districts is 412,625 km , which The average growing stock (in forests) is 37.32% of the total geographic area of is 58.46 m3 per ha. these districts, showing a net gain of 690 Network of Regional Offices km2 which is mainly due to regrowth in shifting cultivation area and protection. Six Regional Offices have been set up at Bangalore, Bhopal, , cover Lucknow, Shillong and Chandigarh, with the Mangroves comprise salt-tolerant, Headquarter unit in the Ministry at New Delhi evergreen, broad leaved trees having aerial to carry out the following roles and functions roots like pneumatophores or stilt roots and (Objectives): viviparous germinated seedlings found mainly – To monitor and evaluate all ongoing forestry in tropical and subtropical inter-tidal regions development projects and scheme with of the world. specific emphasis on conservation of forests; Mangroves in India cover 4,639 km2 – To assist the State/UT Governments in 2 showing a net increase of 58 km over the preparation of the proposals involving previous assessment figures. West Bengal diversion of forests land for non-forestry has nearly half of the country’s mangroves. purposes under the provisions of Tree cover Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980; India’s tree cover (comprising sub – To undertake physical inspection of site in hectare tree patches outside forest cover) has cases of diversion of forestland involving been estimated as 92,769 km2 (Table-2) an area of more than forty ha. constituting 2.82% of geographical area of – To monitor the implementation of conditions the country. Excluding the area above tree and safeguards stipulated by Central line, it comes to 2.99%. Government in the proposal approved Tree cover constitutes the largest area under Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. in Maharashtra (9,466 km2) followed by – To assist the State/UTs in the preparation Gujarat (8,390 km2), Rajasthan (8,274 km2) of management plans for working of forest and Uttar Pradesh (7,381 km2). Considering under their control within the framework of the percentage of geographic area under tree guidelines issued by Central Government cover, the highest rank goes to Lakshadweep from time to time; (12.50%) followed by Chandigarh (9.65%), – To assist the State/UTs in streamlining Delhi (8.29%), Daman & Diu (8.04%), Goa collection, collation, storage and retrieval (7.73%) and Kerala (7.21%). of data/ covering all forestry activities and The total growing stock of wood in the to transmit such data to the Central country has been estimated to be 6.098 billion Government/ Central Data Processing Unit.

22 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-2. State/ UT wise Tree Cover Estimates S.N State/UT Geographic Tree Cover Area Area (km2) % of Geo. Area 1 Andhra Pradesh 275,069 7,191 2.61 2 Arunachal Pradesh 83,743 592 0.71 3 Assam 78,438 1,590 2.03 4 Bihar 94,163 2,495 2.65 5 Chhattisgarh 135,191 4,027 2.98 6 Delhi 1,483 123 8.29 7 Goa 3,702 286 7.73 8 Gujarat 196,022 8,390 4.28 9 Haryana 44,212 1,409 3.19 10 Himachal Pradesh 55,673 638 1.15 11 Jammu & Kashmir 222,236 6,764 3.04 12 Jharkhand 79,714 3,032 3.80 13 Karnataka 191,791 5,683 2.96 14 Kerala 38,863 2,801 7.21 15 Madhya Pradesh 308,245 6,871 2.23 16 Maharashtra 307,713 9,466 3.08 17 Manipur 22,327 197 0.88 1 18 Meghalaya 22,429 542 2.42 19 Mizoram 21,081 172 0.82 20 Nagaland 16,579 300 1.81 21 Orissa 155,707 4,435 2.85 22 Punjab 50,362 1,699 3.37 23 Rajasthan 342,239 8,274 2.42 24 Sikkim 7,096 20 0.28 25 Tamil Nadu 130,058 4,968 3.82 26 Tripura 10,486 171 1.63 27 Uttar Pradesh 240,928 7,381 3.06 28 Uttarakhand 53,483 665 1.24 29 West Bengal 88,752 2,458 2.77 30 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 8,249 44 0.53 31 Chandigarh 114 11 9.65 32 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 491 27 5.50 33 Daman & Diu 112 9 8.04 34 Lakshadweep 32 4 12.50 35 480 34 7.08 Total 3,287,263 92,769 2.82

23 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– To dispose of proposal for diversion of policy guidelines for forest certification for forestland up five ha. & to examine / timber and Non-timber forest products. For process the proposal above five ha to forty this purpose, three Committees were ha; except regularization of encroachment constituted to prepare a road map and the and mining. necessary criteria and processes for the – To render assistance in preparation of the development of National Certification National Forestry Action Plan. mechanism in the country. These committees were merged into single – To assist Paryavaran Vahinies in the committee namely the ‘National Forest capacity of observers as well as technical Certification Committee’ for the advisors; development of Certification Criteria, – To monitor implementation of conditions and Certification Process and Accreditation safeguards laid down by the Ministry for Criteria & Process towards Forest Environmental clearance under EPA 1986. Certification of timber, Non-timber Forest The Headquarter Unit in the Ministry Products under the Chairmanship of Prof. at New Delhi is responsible for administration, Maharaj Muthoo, Ex-Executive Director, supervision and co-ordination of all the FSC with the approval of Hon’ble MOS activities relating to the function assigned to (F&WL). the Regional Offices as enumerated above – In this year, three meeting of the National under the overall control of the Ministry of Forest Certification Committee was Environment & Forests. convened on 15th April, 2009, 3rd July, th ‘Forest Certification’ of Timber, Non-Timber 2009 and 25 August, 2009. These Forest Products meetings were attended by a large number of stakeholders from different parts of – Forest Certification has emerged as a country and abroad. In these meetings, It voluntary market-driven mechanism in was unanimously agreed that the committee support of Sustainable Forest Management should continue to work with due diligence (SFM). Certification initiatives rely on towards assessing the modus operandi for consumers exercising purchasing choice in instituting an appropriate Forest favour of products labelled as originating Certification Mechanism in the country. This from forests certified to have been should be expedited so that an independent sustainably managed. Certification and National Certification Council is established Eco-labeling are the new mantras to as possible with a secure corpus fund within enhance the product positioning for a an year or so. premium price on one hand and ensuring better forest management practices on the Development of National Forestry Database other hand. Management System (NFDMS) – The Ministry constituted a National Working – The Ministry constituted an Expert/ Group / Governing Body to frame the Advisory/ Working Group with an aim to

24 Annual Report 2009-2010

support the implementation of an integrated convened on 24th July, 2009. In this National Forestry Database Management meeting, it was decided that FRI, Dehradun System (NFDMS) in a comprehensive will send a study proposal to address the manner including strengthening of the issue of ‘Ensuring Fair Returns to Primary technological, institutional and human Collectors of Non Timber Forest Products’. capabilities to ensure continuing and Accordingly, a proposal was received from effective dissemination and use of forest FRI, Dehradun which is under examination. statistics. In this year, the Ministry has Export & Import of forestry products and Tariff funded a National Preparatory Workshop structure forestry items for Forestry Information System which will be conducted by Centre for Forest and – The Division deals with the formulation of Natural Resource Management Studies, guidelines and directions for domestic and Government of Andhra Pradesh in international trade in forest produce and Hyderabad. the necessary regulation of export and National Coordinated Programme for import of forest produce as per the Foreign Assessment of Non-Timber Forest Products Trade Policy as well as the applied Tariff Resources rates. Towards this purpose, the Ministry has constituted a Core Group to study the – A Committee was constituted under the applied rates and import duties which are Chairmanship of Inspector General of very significant in deciding the tariff rates Forests (NAEB), Ministry of Environment & for multilateral and bilateral trade 1 Forests for evolving a mechanism for negotiations. The Core Group has Minimum Support Price to the collectors of recommended that certain items under ITC Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP’s). After (HS) classification to be removed from the due deliberations & consultations with Negative List for the purpose of import and stakeholders involved in NTFP’s sector, the committee has submitted a report identifying retained a few items under the sensitive the issues and future course of action. In (Negative List) necessary to safeguard the the report, it has been proposed that for interest of farmers of agro-forestry and farm- overall coordination of issues relating to forestry in particular and the overall health NTFP, a national body should be constituted of the Forestry Sector in general. Moreover, which, apart from policy and programmatic the decisions regarding the tariff structure initiatives may provide financial resources are being taken in view of the country for the management and development of specific bilateral/multilateral trade the NTFP sector. An apex level body set negotiations keeping the environmental and up at the national level would help and ecological sensitivity of the items under the guide the NTFP sector through the critical ITC (HS) Codes on top priority. phase that it is passing through. The Division also deals with the issue of The Ministry had circulated the report to NOC for grant of export license for export concerned stakeholders and a meeting was of wood and wood products for the

25 Ministry of Environment & Forests

application received through Directorate replaced by a successor agreement, i.e. General of Foreign Trade, New Delhi. the ITTA 2006. India as a signatory to International Tropical Timber Organisation ITTA 1994 has ratified and deposited (ITTO) the instrument of ratification with the UN Secretary General in New York on – The International Tropical Timber 25th July, 2008. Organisation (ITTO) was established during 1983 and is governed by the International International Tropical Timber Council (ITTC) Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA). The ITTO – The governing body of the ITTO is the is a commodity organisation bringing International Tropical Timber Council, which together the producer and consumer is composed of all the organization’s member countries to discuss and exchange members. The council is supported by four information and develop policies of all aspects of the World Tropical Timber Committees namely:- Economy. The Headquarter of ITTO is at - Committee on Economic Information and Yokohama, Japan. There are fifty nine Market Intelligence member countries, out of which thirty three are Producer member countries and twenty - Committee on Reforestation and Forest six Consumer member countries. India Management belongs to the group of the producing - Committee on Forest Industry member countries. The ITTO’s membership - Committee on Finance and represents 90% of world trade in tropical Administration timber and 80% of the world’s tropical forests. th – The ITTO members in 1990 agreed to strive – The 45 session of the International Tropical for International Trade of Tropical Timber Timber Council (ITTC), the governing body from sustainably managed forests by the of ITTO was held at Yokohama, Japan century’s end. This commitment became during 9th - 14th November, 2009 and was known as the ‘Objective 2000’ and a large attended by Deputy Inspector General of part of the ITTO programme of projects Forests as Indian delegate. and activities are devoted to its Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Cell achievement. It remains a central goal of the Organisation, supported by renewed – Sustainable Forest Management of Forests efforts to raise the capacity of government, is of immense significance due to its industry and communities to manage their contribution towards sustainable forests and add value to their forest development. Sustainable Management of products, and to maintain and increase the Forest is not a new concept in India. India transparency of the trade and access to remains committed to the goals of international markets. Sustainable Forest Management and is a – The International Tropical Timber signatory to the “Objective 2000” of the Agreement (ITTA), 1994 is being ITTO.

26 Annual Report 2009-2010

Committed to the goal of achieving “Revised Working Plan Code” for Sustainable Forest Management a National incorporating the final draft Criteria & Task Force was constituted in November, Indicator for Sustainable Forest 1999 by Government of India non as Management into the Working Plan Bhopal-India process this recognized eight Code. Criteria and forty three Indicators. The – Two teams have been constituted under National set of C&I was refined in the year the chairmanship of Ex-DG (Forests) and 2005 based on field experiences. Ex-PCCF, Madhya Pradesh respectively Thereafter eight Criteria and thirty seven for the Pilot Testing of the final draft Indicators have been adopted during the Criteria & Indicator (C&I) in the field for year 2008 for monitoring the directions of Northern, Central, Eastern, Western and change at National level. These are suitable Southern Regions. to all forest types and situation within the country and specifically designed for – A team has been constituted under the implementation and monitoring at local chairmanship of Ex-PCCF, Madhya Forest Management Unit (FMUs). Pradesh for the purpose of preparation of Criteria & Indicator (C&I) for In pursuance towards achieving sustainable Sustainable Management of Plantation forest management in the country, the in India. following actions have been undertaken by the Government:- – A team has been constituted under the 1 – An SFM Cell has been constituted in the chairmanship of Ex-PCCF, Madhya Ministry of Environment & Forests, Pradesh for the purpose of Development Government of India. This would act as of Criteria & Indicator (C&I) for Nodal Body for policy matter at the Sustainable Management of Non-timber Central level. Forest Products (NTFPs) st – An SFM Cell has also been created in – The 1 meeting of team to prepare a all the State Forest Departments on the document namely “Revised Working Plan similar lines of Central level ‘SFM Cell’ Code” for incorporating the final draft headed by Working Plan in the respective Criteria & Indicator for Sustainable Forest States / UTs. Management into the Working Plan Code was held on 18th August, 2008 at Delhi – As per the decision taken in the second under the Chairmanship of Ex-DG meeting of SFM Cell in the Ministry, in (Forests). A combined meeting of two which all the members of the SFM Cell and teams for the Pilot Testing of the final draft the representatives from various State Forest Criteria & Indicator (C&I) in the field for Departments participated. The following Northern, Central, Eastern, Western and four teams had been constituted:- Southern Regions was also held on – Team under the chairmanship of Ex-DG 19th August, 2008 at Delhi. A project on (Forests) to prepare a document namely Pilot Testing of the final draft of the

27 Ministry of Environment & Forests

National C&I has now be sanctioned by has been curtailed by the Hon’ble Supreme the Ministry. Court’s Order banning the felling of trees. Due to this, even the obligatory expenses of – The Ministry has sanctioned the following the Corporation like the payment of salaries, project to Indian Institute of Forest wages etc. are possible only due to the Management, Bhopal:- sanction of interest bearing loans every year – Preparation of Criteria & Indicators for from the Government of India. During the Sustainable Forest Management of year 2009-10, an amount of Rs.10.45 crore Plantation in India has been sanctioned and released to – Pilot Testing of the National Set of Criteria ANIFPDCL as an interest bearing loan for & Indicators for Sustainable Forest making payment of salaries, wages, etc. Therefore, the restructuring of the Corporation Management (SFM) in India. in order to make it financially viable has – Development of Criteria & Indicators for become a necessity. A proposal has been Sustainable Management of Non-Timber submitted by the Managing Director, Forest Produce (NTFP) ANIFPDCL regarding restructuring of the In addition to the above, another Corporation by offering Voluntary Retiring project was sanctioned to Forest Research Scheme (VRS) to its employees and closure Institute, Dehradun regarding revision of of loss making units. After due examination, National Working Plan Code. Projects on a committee under the Chairmanship of the estimation of Biomass, Role of wood carving, PCCF and Secretary (Forests), Andaman & bamboo etc. have also been sanctioned to Nicobar Islands was constituted to look into matter and submit a self contained proposal FRI, Dehradun. regarding the revival of the Corporation. The Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest said report (Choudhury Committee Report) and Plantation Development has been received in the Ministry with the Corporation Ltd. comments from A&N Administration in Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest December, 2009. A meeting is scheduled in and Plantation Development Corporation February/March, 2010 under the Limited (ANIFPDCL) is a Government of India Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) to discuss Undertaking, created in 1977 the recommendations received from A&N with the broad objectives of development and Administration for the revival and restructuring of ANIFPDCL. A preliminary discussion was managing forestry plantations on the Islands. held under the Chairmanship of DGF&SS on This Corporation has three main activities the recommendations of Choudhury namely (i) Forestry Project, (ii) Red Oil Palm Committee Report on 22nd February, 2010. (ROP) and (iii) Katchal Rubber Project (KRP) As soon as the meeting will take place under in operation. the Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F), a draft It is loss making undertaking mainly Cabinet Note will be prepared and submitted due to the fact that its main activity i.e. logging, to the Union Cabinet thereafter.

28 Annual Report 2009-2010

CHAPTER – 2 CONSERVATION

2

29 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Conservation geographical area (Table-4). Compared with Introduction and Objectives 2005 assessment, there has been an increase of fifty eight sq km in mangrove cover mainly The Ministry of Environment & Forests because of the plantations and protection is at the forefront in regard to conservation measures in the States of Gujarat, Orissa, and management of mangroves & coral reefs. Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Decrease in The Ministry accords high priority to the mangrove cover in Andamans & Nicobar Conservation and Management of Mangroves Islands is attributed to after effects of tsunami. and Coral Reefs in the country. The Coastal Regulation Zone Notification (1991) under Mangroves play an important role in the Environmental Protection Act (1986) coastal ecology and protecting the coastal recognizes the mangrove and coral reefs areas from the impact of tidal waves but the areas as ecologically sensitive and extent of protection is variable & is a function categorizes them as CRZ-I (i) which implies of several factors. that these areas are afforded protection of In case of Mangroves, the objectives the highest order. Under the promotional of the Scheme is to help the Coastal State measures, the Government has identified thirty Governments/Union Territories in eight mangrove areas and four coral reefs rehabilitation of degraded Mangrove Areas areas on a country-wide basis for intensive and enhance Mangrove cover by replantation conservation and management. (Table-3) in the open mud flats etc. Financial Assistance The National Environment Policy and the is given to coastal State Governments/Union Scheme Territories for implementation of Management Action Plan on Mangroves under the Scheme. The National Policy, 2006 recognizes One hundred percent assistance is given on that mangroves and coral reefs are an grant basis to Coastal States / Union important coastal environmental resource. Territories for activities like Survey and They provide habitats for marine species; Demarcation, Afforestation, Restoration, protection from extreme weather events; and Alternative / Supplementary Livelihoods, a resource base for sustainable tourism. The Protection Measures and Education & National Environment Policy underlines the Awareness. need to mainstream the sustainable management of mangroves into the forestry On an average, an annual target sector regulatory regime and adopt a comprises about 3,000 hectares on a country comprehensive approach to Integrated wide basis. The areas supported are among Coastal Zone Management. the thirty eight areas (Annexure-I) as already identified by MoEF for intensive conservation. Mangroves During 2009-10, financial assistance to the As per the State of Forest Report 2009, tune of Rs. 6.25/- crores has been distributed published by Forest Survey of India the among West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, mangrove cover in the country is 4,639 sq Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and km which is 0.14% of the country’s total Gujarat for Conservation & Management of

30 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-3. Mangroves Sites in India

State/Union Mangrove Sites Territories West Bengal 1. Sunderbans Orissa 2. Bhaitarkanika 3. 4. Subernarekha 5. Devi - Kadua 6. Dhamra 7. Mangrove Genetic Resources Centre (Kalibhanj-Dia) 8. Chilka Andhra Pradesh 9. Coringa 10. East Godavari 11. Krishna Tamil Nadu 12. Pichavaram 13. Muthupet 14. Ramnad 15. Pulicat 16. Andaman & 17. North Andamans Nicobar 18. Nicobar 2 Kerala 19. 20. Kannur (Northern Kerala) Karnataka 21. Coondapur 22. Dakshin Kannada/Honnavar 23. Karwar 24. Manglore Forest Division Goa 25. Goa Maharashtra 26. Achra-Ratnagiri 27. Devgarh-Vijay Durg 28. Veldur 29. Kundalika-Revdanda 30. Mumbra-Diva 31. Vikroli 32. Shreevardhan 33. Vaitarna 34. Vasai-Manori 35. Malvan Gujarat 36. Gulf of Kutchh 37. Gulf of Khambhat 38. Dumas-Ubhrat

31 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-4. State-wise Mangrove cover in India (Area in km2)

S. State/UT Assessment Year No. 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 1 Andhra Pradesh 495 405 399 378 383 383 397 333 329 354 353

2 Goa 0 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 16 16 17

3 Gujarat 427 412 397 419 689 901 1031 911 916 991 1,046

4 Karnataka 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 2 3 3 3

5 Kerala 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 5

6 Maharashtra 140 114 113 155 155 124 108 118 158 186 186

7 Orissa 199 192 195 195 195 211 215 219 203 217 221

8 Tamil Nadu 23 47 47 21 21 21 21 23 35 36 39

9 West Bengal 2,076 2,109 2,119 2,119 2,119 2,123 2,125 2,081 2,120 2,136 2,152

10 A&N Islands 686 973 971 966 966 966 966 789 658 635 615

11 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

12 Puducherry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

Total 4,046 4,255 4,244 4,256 4,533 4,737 4,871 4,482 4,448 4,581 4,639

Mangroves in these coastal States. New areas Coordination Body (NCB) has been are added to the existing list on the basis of constituted by the Ministry. At the regional recommendation by the National Committee level, there is Regional Steering Committee on Mangroves & Coral Reefs. The National to oversee the entire MFF programme in the Committee has been duly reconstituted by six participating countries. India hosted the the Ministry on 19.09.2007. Fourth Regional Steering Committee Meeting The project entitled “Mangroves for at Sunderbans from 19-22 Jan, 2009. India Future (MFF): a strategy for promoting was able to showcase the beauty, grandeur investment in Coastal Ecosystem and wealth of mangrove biodiversity of Conservation” is being coordinated by World Sunderbans, which is the largest mangrove Conservation Union (IUCN) covering, initially, swamp in the world. Apart from arriving at six Tsunami affected countries (including India) a number of decisions, the meeting served in South & South East Asia & Western Indian as common platform for sharing of Ocean. The project involves collaboration experiences with other participating countries between multiple partners, including and representives from United Nations government agencies, NGOs, Research Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Institutes, UN agencies and other multilateral Agriculture Organization (FAO), and bodies. India has agreed to participate in the International Union for Conservation of Nature project. To oversee and guide the entire India (IUCN) etc. Six small grant projects (less than country programme under IUCN-MFF (India) US$ 25,000/-) have been under Programme as well as review, monitor and implementation under the MFF initiative during evaluate its implementation, a National the current financial year. Three more small

32 Annual Report 2009-2010 grant projects are being launched during the current financial year. The 4th meeting of the NCB was held on 19.11.2009. During the meeting, the NCB discussed the large grants from the first cycle which had received positive appraisals by the MFF Secretariat. Three projects from the first call (two from Government of Gujarat and one from Sugandhi Devadason Marine Fig-10. Mangroves – the natural coast guards Research Institute) which were appraised in the RSC 5 at Seychelles is on preventive aspects through monitoring and dully revised by the proponents were re- and surveillance as the restoration work is 2 endorsed by NCB for forwarding to MFF both costly and time consuming. The Ministry Secretariat. Of the eleven new large grant proposals received, four were recommended Coral Reef Sites in India by NCB in its meeting on 19.11.2009 for States/Union obtainment of financial support under MFF Territories Coral Reef Sites initiative. India attended RSC 5 held in Seychelles during 6-10 July, 2009 in which Gujarat i) Gulf of Kutch project entitled “Alternative Livelihood options Tamil Nadu ii) Gulf of Mannar for vulnerable mangrove resource users in A&N Islands ii) A&N Islands the Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal” Lakshadweep iv) Lakshadweep by Director, Sunderban Biosphere Reserve, provides financial assistance to the State Forest Government of West Bengal was approved Departments of all the four identified coral at a total cost of US $ 3,00,000/-. reefs areas in the country for activities like Coral Reefs monitoring, surveillance, education & The four major coral reefs areas awareness. Besides, the Ministry also supports identified for intensive conservation & R&D activities with emphasis on targeted management are: i) Gulf of Mannar, ii) Gulf research on coral biodiversity, its management of Kachchh, iii) Lakshadweep and iv) including various aspects of pollution in these Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The emphasis areas.

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National level – National Committee on Mangroves & Coral Reefs monitors the implementation of the approved Management Action Plans of the Coastal States & UTs. The National Committee met on 29-30 September, 2009 at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam and reviewed the Management Action Plans of Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Orissa, Karnataka & Goa. The National Committee also discussed i) the Fig-11. Corals – need conservation significant research findings from ongoing projects on The Indian reef area is estimated to mangroves & coral reefs; ii) supplementary be 2,375 sq km. For encouraging targeted livelihood supports to local people in the research on both hard and soft corals in the villages surrounding ecologically fragile country, the Ministry has established a mangrove & coral reef areas; iii) role of National Coral Reef Research Centre at Port education awareness in promoting Blair. conservation & management of mangroves The International Coral Reef Initiative & coral reefs; and iv) enabling activities (ICRI){a partnership among governments, and training requirements of various international organization, and non- States/UTs. governmental organizations throughout the – to supplement base line information on world} held its general meeting from 12-15 priority areas of research, research projects January, 2010 at Monaco. India (Dr. B.P. are sanctioned to Universities and research Nilaratna, Joint Secretary, MOEF) attended institutes. A meeting of the Expert Group- the meeting, made a country presentation B on ‘Conservation & Sustainable Utilization and submitted a country report. of Natural Resources: Mangroves & Coral Reefs’ was held on 1-2 September, 2009. Monitoring mechanism for the Scheme on The Group reviewed four ongoing projects Conservation & Management of Mangroves under mangroves & coral reefs, appraised & Coral Reefs twelve new projects and selected referees Two tier system at National and State for them. The Group also scrutinized thirty level are in operation for effective coordination three projects where comments of referees to implement the Scheme on Mangroves & were available. Of these, eight projects Coral Reefs: were recommended for financial support.

34 Annual Report 2009-2010

These are being processed during the kind with special reference to the local current financial year communities which mostly consist of traditional socities. State Level These Reserves are rich in biological – State level Steering Committee have been and cultural diversity and encompass unique constituted under the Chairmanship of Chief features of exceptionally pristine nature. The secretaries/Additional Chief secretaries/ goal is to facilitate conservation of Principal Secretaries of Department representative landscapes and their immense concerned having members from subject biological diversity and cultural heritage, matter departments/ academicians/ foster economic and human development stakeholders/ representative from Central which is culturally and ecologically sustainable Government to discuss Management Action and to provide support for research, Plans and review conservation activities monitoring, education and information undertaken from time to. exchange. The scheme is a pioneering effort Biosphere Reserves at pursuing the increasingly difficult yet urgent Introduction and Objective task of conserving ecological diversity under mounting pressures. India has been divided Biosphere Reserves are areas of into ten Bio-geographic Zones and these zones terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which are together consist of twenty five Bio-geographic internationally recognized within the provinces. The aim is to designate one framework of UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere representative site as Biosphere Reserve in 2 (MAB) programme. These Reserves are each Bio-geographic province for long term required to meet a minimal set of criteria and conservation. adhere to a minimal set of conditions before being admitted to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves designated by UNESCO. The world’s major ecosystem types and landscapes are represented in this network, which is devoted to conserving biological diversity, promoting research and monitoring as well as seeking to provide models of sustainable development in the service of human Fig-12. View of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve

35 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Activities undertaken year (Annexure-IV) which provided baseline The programme was initiated in 1986 data helpful in the scientific management of and till date, sixteen sites have been these Reserves. designated as Biosphere Reserve (BR) in Progress/Achievements made during the year different parts of the country. Apart from – Management Action Plans (MAPs) submitted sixteen sites already designated, a number by the concerned states were scrutinized of potential sites have been identified. The and sanctioned for implementation of Ministry provides financial assistance to the approved items of activities. A Workshop respective State/UT Governments for was organized in Pachmarhi Biosphere conservation and management of the Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) for Biosphere designated Biosphere Reserves. The Indian Reserve Managers and Directors of Lead National Man and Biosphere (MAB) Gardens. The Workshop provided great Committee constituted by the MoEF is an apex opportunity for the managers and body to oversee the programme, provide representatives of Lead Research Institutions policy guidelines and review the programme. to exchange views and experiences and Out of the sixteen Biosphere Reserves interact with experts in the field. designated nationally, seven Biosphere Comparison of progress in comparison to Reserves namely Sunderbans (West Bengal), previous year Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu) , Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka), Nanda Devi, – During the year, proposals fpr nomination (Uttarakhand), Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh), of Achnakmar-Amarkantak (Madhya Simlipal (Orissa) and Nokrek (Meghalaya) Pradesh and Chattisgarh) and have been included in the World Network of Augsthyamalai (Tamil Nadu and Kerala) Biosphere Reserves so far. The proposals in biosphere reserves were prepared and are respect of Khangchandzonga (Sikkim), Manas likely to be forwarded to UNESCO after (Assam) and Great Nicobar (Andaman & receiving endorsement of the concerned Nicobar Islands) are under active State Governments. consideration of the UNESCO for inclusion Regulatory Acts /Rules governing the in the world Network. Efforts are on for getting programme remaining Biosphere Reserves included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. The Core areas of the Biosphere Reserves continue to be protected under the A State wise list of sixteen Biosphere Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 and the Indian Reserves designated so far along with their Forest Act, 1927 and Forest Conservation area and location is given in Table-5. Act, 1980. However, a separate regulation Research and development projects within the framework of existing Environment are also supported in these designated (Protection) Act, 1986 is being firmed up to Reserves and potential sites. A number of regulate activities within buffer and transition Research projects have completed during the Zones of the Biosphere Reserves.

36 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-5. List of Biosphere Reserves

S. Name of the BR & Date of Location (States) No. total geographical Desig- area in km2 given nation in parenthesis 1. Nilgiri (5520)* 1.8.86 Part of Wynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and Siruvani hills (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka) 2. Nanda Devi * 18.1.88 Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh & Almora Districts (6497.03) and Valley of Flowers (Uttarakhand) 3. Nokrek (820) * 1.9.88 Part of Garo Hills (Meghalaya) 4. Manas 14.3.89 Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, (2837) Kamprup and Darang Districts (Assam) 5. Sunderbans * 29.3.89 Part of delta of & Brahamaputra river (9630) system (West Bengal) 6. Gulf of Mannar * 18.2.89 Indian part of Gulf of Mannar between India and (10500) Sri Lanka (Tamil Nadu) 7. Great Nicobar 6.1.89 Southern most islands of Andaman and Nicobar (885) (A&N Islands) 8. Similipal (4374) * 21.6.94 Part of (Orissa) 9. Dibru-Saikhowa 28.7.97 Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts (Assam) 2 (765) 10 Dehang Debang 02.09.98 Part of Siang and Debang valley (Arunachal (5111.5) Pradesh) 11 Kanchanjunga 07.02.2000 Parts of North and West Sikkim (Sikkim) ( 2619.92 ) 12. Pachmarhi (4926.28)* 03.03.99 Parts of Betul, Hoshangabad and Chhindwara, district (Madhya Pradesh) 13. Agasthyamalai 12.11.2001 Parts of Thirunelveli and Kanya Kumari Districts in (3500.36) Tamil Nadu and Thiruvanthapuram, Kollam and Pathanmthitta in Kerala (TamilNadu & Kerala) 14. Achanakmar- 30.3.2005 Parts of Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Amarkantak ( 3835.51) Pradesh and Parts of Bilaspur district of Chattisgarh State (Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh) 15. Kachchh (12,454) 29.01.2008 Parts of Kachchh, Rajkot, Surendranagar and Patan Civil Districts of Gujarat State 16. Cold Desert (7770) 28.08.09 Pin Valley National Park and surroundings; Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife Sancturary in Himachal Pradesh.

* BRs have been included in the World Network of UNESCO.

37 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Budget Allocation for the Scheme main goals: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its An amount of Rs. 11 crore was components, and the fair and equitable allocated during the year and entire money sharing of the benefits arising out of the is likely to be spent till 31st March, 2010. use of genetic resources. India is a Party Implementing organizations in most of to the CBD. the States are Forest Departments and other – In pursuance of various decisions of COP- line Departments of the concerned State 9 to the CBD held in May 2008, India has Governments. been responding to various notifications Biodiversity Conservation being received from the CBD Secretariat, Introduction and Objectives interalia by making submissions, and nominating experts for various expert group Biodiversity is the variability among meetings. living organisms and ecological complexes of which they are part, including diversity – India has prepared its Fourth National within and between species and ecosystems. Report through a consultative process and Biodiversity has direct consumptive value in submitted it to the CBD Secretariat. food, agriculture, medicine and in industry. – India hosted two meetings for the CBD this A scheme on biodiversity conservation year: an Expert Meeting on Traditional was initiated earlier to ensure coordination Knowledge in Hyderabad from 16-19 June among various agencies dealing with the 2009, and an Asia Pacific Regional issues related to conservation of biodiversity Workshop on Protected Areas in Dehradun and to review, monitor and evolve adequate on 12-15 October, 2009. policy instruments for the same – Indian delegations participated actively in Convention on Biological Diversity various meetings held under the aegis of CBD, including in two important negotiation – The Convention on Biological Diversity meetings for development of an (CBD), one of the key agreements adopted international regime on access and benefit during the Earth Summit held in Rio de sharing, in Paris in April 2009 and in Janeiro in 1992, is the first comprehensive Montreal in November 2009. The last global agreement which addresses all negotiation meeting is scheduled to be held aspects relating to biodiversity. The CBD, in Cartagena in March 2010. which has near universal membership with one hundred ninety two countries as its National Biodiversity Action Plan Parties, sets out commitments for – The National Biodiversity Action Plan maintaining the world’s ecological (NBAP) prepared by the Ministry of underpinnings, while pursuing economic Environment and Forests and released development. The Convention, while formally in February 2009, has been sent reaffirming sovereign rights of nations over to all concerned Ministries/Deptts their biological resources, establishes three specialized agencies, and to all units within

38 Annual Report 2009-2010

the Ministry, with a request to initiate follow-up action on the action points listed in the NBAP, keeping in view the matrix of implementation in chapter-6 of this document to facilitate regular monitoring of implementation of NBAP. Biological Diversity Act – In pursuance to the CBD, India had enacted the Biological Diversity Act in 2002 following a widespread consultative process over a period of eight years. The Fig-13. Green lichens – bio indicators of environmental changes Biological Rules were notified thereafter in 2004. The Act gives effect to Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, the provisions of the CBD. It also addresses Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, access to biological resources and Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, associated traditional knowledge to ensure Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. equitable sharing of benefits arising out of 2 their use to the country and its people, – BMCs have been set up so far in six States. thereby contributing to achieving the third Other states have been requested to objective of the CBD. India is one of the expedite setting up of SBBs, where not set first few countries to have enacted such a up, and strengthen implementation of the legislation. The Act is to be implemented Act. through a three-tiered institutional structure: – Two Authority meetings (14 and 15) were National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), State held on 21 July 2009 and 29 October Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) and Biodiversity 2009 and important decisions were taken Management Committees (BMCs). on different matters during the year. – The National Biodiversity Authority(NBA) – One hundred forty one applications for is a body corporate established in access to bioresources were received and accordance with the provisions of Section are at various stages of processing during 8 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, at the period. Chennai w.e.f. 1st October, 2003 – Some of the important actions taken up to – Twenty two States have so far set up the implement various provisions of the Act State Biodiversity Boards. These are : include the following Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, – A principal notification authorizing Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, officers for filing complaints for

39 Ministry of Environment & Forests

cognizance of offences under Section sharing have been finalized in the 61 of the Act was issued on 17.11.08. NBA An amendment to this Notification – In order to strengthen implementation of authorising forest officers for this purpose the Act and to build capacity of the was issued on 1.8.09. institutional structures involved in its – In pursuance of Section 38 of the Act implementation, a project identification form relating to notification of threatened (PIF) and project preparation grant were species, the Ministry has got prepared prepared for accessing funds from Global a State-wise list of threatened plants and Environment Facility (GEF) for a Full Scale animals, alongwith guidelines for their Project through United Nations Environment rehabilitation in consultation with the Programme (UNEP). The proposal has been Botanical Survey of India and Zoological approved by GEF in May 2009 with GEF Survey of India, and send the same to contribution of USD four million. This is the State Governments for their comments. first national project to have been approved On receipt of comments from the states, by GEF on access and benefit sharing. The notifications were issued for Himachal NBA is now in the process of developing Pradesh on 19.3.2009, Uttarakhand, the full project. Uttar Pradesh and Kerala on 23.4.2009, and Orissa, Mizoram and Meghalaya – The Ministry has also developed a project on 5th October 2009. with United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for USD one million – State Governments have been requested for strengthening the implementation of the to send their views on the areas of Act. This project will be implemented in biodiversity importance, which could be two States, Jharkhand and Madhya notified as Biodiversity Heritage Sites Pradesh. This project was formally launched under Section 37. The NBA is in the for Jharkhand in Ranchi on 15 September, process of developing draft Rules for 2009, and for Madhya Pradesh in Bhopal management of these sites. on 15th October, 2009. – State Governments have been requested – New premises of National Biodiversity to identify any biodiversity rich areas Authority at 5th Floor, TICEL Biopark, threatened by overuse or neglect as per Taramani, Chennai was inaugurated by the Section 36 (2), and NBA has been Minister for Environment and Forests, Shri requested to prepare guidelines for , on 19 August 2009. For management of these areas. effective liaison with different/ministries/ – The process for finalizing the list of organizations etc.located in Delhi, the NBA normally traded commodities was has opened its liaison office in the Campus finalized and the notification issued on of National Seed Corporation Bhawan, 30.10.2009 under section 40. Pusa campus, New Delhi. – The format for Peoples Biodiversity – A task force on Biodiversity Management Registers and guidelines for benefit Committees has been constituted for

40 Annual Report 2009-2010

preparation of guidelines on creating the Ministry of Environment and Forests and structure, running administration and released formally in Feb 2009, has been maintaining of accounts and other related sent to all concerned Ministries/Deptts matters. specialized agencies, and to all units within – Fourth meeting of State Biodiversity Boards the Ministry, with a request to initiate follow- was held on 10-11 September, 2009 at up action on the action points listed in the Kolkata to review the progress and discuss NBAP, keeping in view the matrix of the issues in respect of functioning of SBB, implementation in chapter-6 of this document establishment of BMCs, biodiversity fund, to facilitate regular monitoring of SBB rules, People’s Biodiversity Register, implementation of NBAP selection of Biodiversity Heritage sites etc Several steps have been taken to Progress / Achievements made during the strengthen the implementation of the Biological year Diversity Act In pursuance of various decisions of Budget Allocation of the Scheme COP-9 to the CBD held in May 2008, India An allocation of Rs.2.62 crore was has been responding to various notifications made for the year 2009-10 against which being received from the CBD Secretariat, has been utilized fully. interalia by making submissions, and Biodiversity Scheme / Genetic nominating experts for various expert group Engineering Approval Committee meetings. 2 (GEAC) India has prepared its Fourth National Report through a consultative process and The Ministry of Environment and submitted it to the CBD Secretariat. India hosted two meetings for the CBD this year: an Expert Meeting on Traditional Knowledge in Hyderabad from 16- 19 June 2009, and an Asia Pacific Regional Workshop on Protected Areas in Dehradun on 12-15 October, 2009. The National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) prepared by Fig-14. The blue pansy butterfly (Junonia orithyia)

41 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Forests (MoEF), under the Environment by CICR and Cry 1C (event 9124) (Protection) Act 1986, has notified the developed by M/s Metahelix Life Sciences. “Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, During Kharif 2009, the Standing Export and Storage of Hazardous Committee constituted by the GEAC under Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered the new ‘Event Based approval Mechanism’ Organisms or Cells 1989” (known as Rules, has recommended 610 Bt cotton hybrids for 1989) to ensure that research and commercial cultivation. development and testing of LMOs prior to environmental release are conducted in a Status of approval of GM Food crops in India safe and scientific manner. Transgenic brinjal, rice, okra, The Genetic Engineering Approval cauliflower, cabbage, castor, groundnut, Committee (GAC), the apex body under Rules tomato, sorghum, potato, maize developed 1989 has the mandate to accord approval by both private and public sector institutions of activities involving (i) large scale use of are under various stages of research and GMOS in research and (ii) environmental development/biosafety testing with the release of GMOs, approval of the GEAC for generation of biosafety data. The rules also cover the application of hazardous microorganisms which may not Bt Brinjal event EE-1 has been be genetically modified. Hazardous developed on a Public Private Partnership microorganisms include those which are mode under the aegis of Agriculture pathogenic to animals as well as plants. Six Biotechnology Support Project from Cornell meetings of the GEAC have been held from University wherein the Bt technology April, 2009 till date. available with M/s Mahyco has been transferred to Tamil Nadu Agriculture Progress/Achievements made during the year University, Coimbatore, University of Commercial Release of Transgenic Crops Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad and Indian Bt cotton is the only transgenic crop Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi approved for commercial cultivation in free of cost. As part of this collaboration, India. As of date the GEAC has approved the technology has also been transferred to several Bt cotton hybrids expressing Cry 1 University of Agriculture in Philippines and Ac gene (MON 531 event) and stacked . genes Cry1 Ac and Cry 2Ab (MON 15985 The Bt brinjal event EE-I contains cry event)—BG-II developed by by M/s 1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis tolerant Mahyco, encoding fusion genes (cry to the fruit and shoot borer is the first GM 1Ab+Cry Ac) ‘GFM developed by M/s food crop under advanced stages of field Nath Seeds, cry 1Ac gene (Event-1) testing. Bt brinjal has been developed in developed by M/s J. K. Agri Genetics Ltd, compliance with the regulatory procedures Cry 1AC gene (Dharwad event) developed and biosafety guidelines.

42 Annual Report 2009-2010

The GEAC in the meeting held on for commercial release of Bt cotton 14.10.2009 wherein the GEAC concluded hybrids expressing approved events has that Bt brinjal is safe for environmental release been put in place. taking into consideration the findings of the – Review of the existing national regulatory review by three high level technical biosafety framework with a view to Committees namely; the RCGM and two harmonize the obligations under Cartagena Expert Committees constituted by the GEAC Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) is in progress. in 2006 and 2009. The GEAC decided to – Draft guidance document for information/ forward the recommendations and report of data generation and documentation for the Expert Committee (EC-II) on the safety safety assessment of GE Plants during and efficacy of Bt brinjal event EE-1 to the biosafety research level trials -I (BRL-I) and Government for taking a final view. biosafety research level trials -II (BRL-II) has Subsequently the Ministry decided to been prepared and is awaiting GEAC organize public consultations at seven approval. locations (mainly brinjal growing areas) –Ex ante assessment of socio-economic before a final view on the matter is taken. benefits of Bt brinjal has been initiated by Public consultations at Kolkata, Bhubaneswar, NCAP with the financial support of MoEF. Ahmedabad, Nagpur, Chandigarh, Final report is awaited. Hyderabad and Bangalore have been completed during January-February 2010. – Biological documents for Cotton, Brinjal, 2 The Ministry for Environment and Forests has Okra, Maize and Rice have been developed. decided to impose a moratorium on Bt brinjal until all concerns expressed by the public, Capacity Building to facilitate compliance of NGOs, scientists and the State Governments Biosafety regulation are addressed adequately. As part of the USDA Capacity Streamlining of the Biosafety Regulatory Building project on biosafety, the second Procedure under Rules, 1989 short term course on ‘Risk Assessment of GM crops’ at Michigan State University’ – The Gazette Notification exempting GM held in October, 2009 was attended by processed food and products thereof from eight agriculture Scientists. the purview of Rules, 1989 issued on 15.10.2007 has been kept in abeyance Biodiversity Scheme/ Cartagena till March 2010 until the Food Safety and Biosafety Protocol Standards Authority set up under the aegis Objective of the Ministry of Health and Family welfare The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, is made operational. the first international regulatory framework – The new event based approval for safe transfer, handling and use of living mechanism has been made operational Modified Organisms (LMOs) was negotiated during Kharif 2009. A new procedure under the aegis of the Convention on

43 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Biological Diversity (CBD). The Protocol was Pacific is represented by India, Philippines adopted on 29th January 2000. India has and Palau. th acceded to the Biosafety Protocol on 17 Pursuant to the above decision, the January 2003. The Protocol has come into first meeting of the ‘Friends of the Co-Chairs’ force on 11th September 2003. As of date was held in February 2008 in Mexico. The 157 countries are Parties to the Protocol to second meeting of the ‘Group of the Friends the Cartagena Protocol (COP-MOP) on of the Co-Chairs’ was held in February 2010 Biosafety have been held so far. at Kula Lumpur. The main objective of the Protocol is The meeting was successful in to contribute to ensuring an adequate level streamlining the operational texts pertaining of protection in the field of the safe transter, to the section on legally binding handling of LMOs resulting form modern Supplementary Protocol on Liability and biotechnology that may have adverse effect Redress in the context of Cartagena Protocol on the conservation and sustainable use on Biosafety on an administrative approach. biological diversity, taking into account risk The section on legally binding civil liability to human health. clause and the non-legally binding guidelines for civil liability regime is yet to Progress/achievements made during the year be finalized. Fifth Meeting of the Conference of Parties Capacity Building serving as Members of Parties (COP-MOP-5) The Ministry has taken a lead in the The fifth meeting of the Conference preparation of he first ‘Full Scale Project’ (FSP) of Parties serving as Members of the Parties document for capacity building on biosafety to the Cartagena Protocol (COP-MOP) on under the GEF program. FSP document has Biosafety will be held at Nagoya, Japan form been submitted for GEF approval in 11-15, October, 2010. Preparatory work for September 2009. The project is expected to finalizing the negotiating document has been commence by May 2010. initiated. The India delegation participated in The meeting will consider one of the the ‘Regional Biosafety Workshop’ at Bangkok most contentious issues pertaining to rules and organized by FAO from 30 November-4 procedure for a liability and redress regime December 2009. under Article 27 of the CPB. To continue The India delegation participated in negotiation on the liability redress regime the Sixth Coordination Meeting for during the inter-sessional period COP-MOP- Government and Organizations Implementing 4 decided to set up a ‘Group of the Friends or funding Biosafety Capacity Building of the Co-Chairs’ comprising of six Activities and Seventh Meeting of the Liaison representatives from Asia Pacific Group, Group on Capacity Building for Biosafety was Africa Group, Latin American counties, EU, held from 1-5 Feb, 2010 in Siem Reap, Norway, Japan and New Zealand, Asia Cambodia.

44 Annual Report 2009-2010

GOI-UNDP CCF-II project “Biodiversity Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Orissa have Conservation through Community based large stretches of forest that are controlled Natural Resource Management” and managed by the communities. In these states, development of alternative sources of The rural populations are primary income assumes importance as the stakeholders in biodiversity conservation and communities depends mainly on the natural sustainable use. This approach attempts to resources for their livelihoods. address the problems of poverty and natural resources degradation. Therefore, integration The MoEF is the implementing agency of conservation and developmental activities of the project. At National level, a National addressing livelihood security of the Steering Committee (NSC) and an communities assumes importance. Empowered Project Steering Committee Revitalization of traditional institutions of (EPSC) have been constituted for overall decentralized decision-making is necessary coordination and implementation of the to ensure sustainability in conservation and project. A National Project Director (NPD), livelihood approaches. has been designated and a Project Management Unit (PMU), has been The project aims to focus on component established at MOEF for administrative like conservation of species and habitats support to the Project. The NSC lay down the through responsible community-based guidelines for the project implementation and management; Ecological restoration including also reviews the progress periodically. The species recovery programmes; gender, equity, EPSC approves the Annual work plan and 2 tenure and resource rights over common pool expenditure as per approved budget and also resources; Revitalization of indigenous provides the feedback for review the progress knowledge, equitable customary laws and by NSC. practices and ethical values recognizing socio- Progress during the year economic and gender differences; Nurturing existing as well as new self-governing The details of state-wise physical community institutions following principles of progress made during the period are as participatory decision-making, gender and follows: social equity. Arunachal Pradesh The project is being implemented in – Twenty two Village Biodiversity four states namely, Arunachal Pradesh, Conservation Councils (VBCCs) formed and Chattisgarh, Jharkhand and Orissa. orientation meeting were organized in both project sites i.e. Tawang-west kameng and These four states are primarily tribal Apatani Plateau. dominated and therefore forest dependent livelihoods will be largely benefited from – One hundred beneficiaries identified for interventions that are proposed under the LPG set distribution in consultation with project. Arunachal Pradesh has over eighty VBCC, Deputy Commissioner and other persent of the land area under forests, while state govt. officials.

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– Forty farmers of Apatani plateau were given godown and drying yard completed at demonstration and hands on training on Sambhalpur. seventeen low-cost rural technologies. – Vocational training on poultry management, – Sixty piglets were distributed to villagers in incense stick making, tailoring imparted to Apatani site. local communities in all three sites and – Three High Altitude Nursery developed for exposure visits conducted for members of Medicinal & horticulture Plants and saplings village conservation committees. of Taxus wallichiana distributed to VBCC Chattisgarh members at Apatani site. – In-situ conservation of Biodiversity Orissa completed in 3000 hectare area in all three – Construction of Community hall and sites. balwadi centre, one hundred thirty toilets – Resource survey, ethno-botanical survey and completed in Berhampur site. documentation of flora of herbal health – Human Health camps and Poultry value and ITK completed in all three sites. Vaccination camps organized in all project – Three workshops on Sustainable use of sites. Natural Resource organized and sixteen – Plantation of 36,000 saplings in Berhampur water holes for wildlife constructed. and 50,000 saplings in Sambhalpur sites – Herbal health care centre established at completed . Jagdalpur site. – Renovation of four No of ponds completed – Lac based micro–enterprises established in and fingerlings of three local varieties of all three sites. fish introduced. In addition to above, pisciculture has also started in four other – Mahul molding unit; Imli, Giloy, Stawar existing ponds in Khurda site. and other NTFPs processing units established. – One Pump set (five HP) provided to farmers for lift irrigation and Tailoring enterprise Jharkhand established at Khurda site. – Four ha of sacred groove developed, – 1.2 lakhs of fingerlings of two local varaties Added Natural Regeneration (ANR) of fish introduced; four country boats and completed in seventeen hactare community five small boats and two thrashed sheds forest, ten hectare of village forest at Khunti constructed at Berhampur site. site. – Agriculture implements, HYV seeds, fertilizer – Cultivation of Medicinal Plants completed insecticide and pump set provided to in five Acre at Palamau & 4.5 acre at farmers at Sambhalpur site. Deodhar site. – Rice-puff machine installed in – Plantation of Fuel-wood & Fodder spp Berhampur and construction of storage completed in about fifty hactare in Deodhar,

46 Annual Report 2009-2010

15 acre in Palamau, twenty acre in Bokaro – One hundred farmers were trained on SRI site. technique of paddy & applied in seventy – Two Water percolation tank, six rock-filled acre at Deodhar site. dam and three farm pond each constructed – People Biodiversity Register (PBR) in Palamau site. preparation work is under process at all sites in Jharkhand. – Construction of Chuan (three No) completed at Khunti site; construction of twenty No. Budget Allocation of small water conservation structures, three A total sum of approx Rs. 13.50 crores lift irrigation system and 2500 ft long trench (US$ 3 Million) is available under the project. completed at Palajore site. A grant of Rs.611 lakhs have been released – Two vermi-compost unit at Deodhar site and till 31st December, 2009 to four identified ninteen stall feeding-cum common sheds implementing agencies as given in Table-6. for goatry constructed at Palajore site. All India Coordinated Project on – Seed money distributed to twenty SHGs at Capacity Building in Taxonomy Palamau site, thirty seven families at Khunti (AICOPTAX) site for NTFP purchase, rope making , goatry, Taxonomy is the science which helps poultry, piggery and vegetable cultivation. in exploration, identification and description

Table-6. Budget allocation under the project 2 State Coordinating Agency Amount Amount sanctioned for released till three years 31st Dec, 2009 duration of the project Arunachal G.B. Pant Institute of 252.89 133.85 Pradesh Himalayan Environment & Development, N-E Unit, Itanagar Jharkhand Institute of Forest Productivity, 250.00 157.67 Ranchi Orissa Regional Plant Resource 250.00 142.10 Centre, Bhubaneshwar Chattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce 250.00 171.38 (T & D) Coop. Federation, Raipur

47 Ministry of Environment & Forests of living organisms. However, the scope of during the XI Plan Period. Discovery of species taxonomy does not end with this. A sound new to science will be the major impact of taxonomic base is a pre-requisite for the AICOPTAX Scheme. The significant environmental assessment, ecological achievements of the entire AICOPTAX Scheme research, effective conservation, management since its inception till 2007 are being brought and sustainable use of biological resources. out in a book form with the help of BSI & ZSI. So far around 90,000 species of animals and 47,000 species of plants have Taxonomy is a dying science. The been identified and described but a large expertise available in the country is either number of animals and plants are yet to be aging or retiring. Efforts are being made to explored, identified and described. ensure that Taxonomy is revived and resurrected during the XI Plan. The Steering As a signatory to the Convention on Committee for the AICOPTAX Scheme has Biological Diversity (CBD) held in Rio de been reconstituted on 3.7.2008 along with Janeiro in 1992, India has committed itself the formation of a Project Monitoring Unit to capacity building in taxonomy and taken (PMU). A meeting of the Steering Committee up exploration and preparation of an was held on 13th February, 2009 during inventory of living organisms. The Ministry of which the entire scheme was reviewed and Environment and Forests (MoEF) has set up following five new thematic areas have been an All India Coordinated Project on Taxonomy. proposed: The Project has organized specialist groups drawn from Universities, Botanical and – Crustacea Zoological Surveys of India to take up – Coleoptera taxonomic work on animal viruses, bacteria – Hymenoptera and archaea, algae, fungi, lichens, bryophytes, pteriodophytes, gymnosperms, – Arachnidae palms, grasses, bamboos, orchids, helminthes – Floristic and Faunistic Surveys of North and nematodes, Microlepidoptera and Eastern Region of the Country Mollusca. Training in plant and animal Three projects have been conceived biosystematics has also been recognized as under the thematic area Crustacea; six an important component. The Scheme has projects under Coleoptera; six projects under been continued during 2009-10 and financial Hymenoptera; four projects under assistance has been provided to thirteen Arachnidae; fourteen projects under Floristic thematic areas for undertaking taxonomic Surveys of North Eastern Region and one research work. project under Faunistic Survey in the North Several new records of wild flora and East Region of the country. These are being fauna have been made. Several new species processed in consultation with Integrated have also been discovered. These are being Finance Division of the Ministry for sanction documented and verified with voucher & release of funds during the current financial specimens for authenticity before publication year.

48 Annual Report 2009-2010

During the meeting on 13.02.2009, Assistance to Botanic Gardens the Steering Committee also emphasized the The scheme on Assistance to Botanic following: Gardens, Botanic sections in popular gardens – The Steering Committee recalled that the and Centers of Ex-Situ Conservation was coordination unit on Microlepidoptera at initiated in 1992 to augment facilities for ex- Punjabi University, has been situ conservation of rare, endangered, discontinued. Accordingly, it recommended threatened and endemic plants. One time that the thematic area on Microlepidoptera financial assistance is provided to identified should be strengthened urgently by giving Botanic Gardens and Centres of Ex-situ a project to ZSI, Solan. The decision of the Conservation for improvement of their Steering Committee is being processed infrastructural facilities to facilitate ex-situ during the current financial year. conservation of rare endangered, threatened – The Steering Committee deliberated on endemic plants. need for establishment at least one Under the scheme, two hundred sixty repository each of algal and fungal eight projects have been supported so far to collections in the country. At present, there various organization maintaining botanic are no designated centres for these groups. The Committee strongly recommended that gardens and Centres of ex-situ conservation. the macro algal and fungal collections have This is gradually helping in facilitating ex-situ to be in the form of herbarium or liquid conservation of rare endemic plants. A 2 collections, while micro algal and fungal detailed guideline has been issued for collections as culture collections and in the guidance of proponents. form of slides (stained) and photographed. The Expert Group constituted by An elaborate infrastructural facility with Ministry identifies and recommend required manpower is essential for running proposals received for financial assistance the national culture collections. It was under the scheme and also monitors and recommended that an Algal Cultural reviews progress of the sanctioned projects. Collection Centre be established at CAS During the year, ten projects have been in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai sanctioned which includes three Lead while fungal collection centre be established gardens. A list of organizations which have at the Agharkar Research Institute, Pune. been sanctioned grant is given in Annexure. These centres need to be designated as National Centres by National Biodiversity Based on the criteria prescribed in the Authority (NBA). The Committee also guidelines, ‘Lead Gardens’ are being recommended that both the National developed in different phyto-geographic Centres be implemented from 2009-10 and zones of the country to provide necessary supported for at least a period of five years. expertise for smaller gardens. These Accordingly, the Centres are being gardens shall be equipped with modern operationalized during the current financial facilities to enable them to perform their year. responsibilities.

49 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Botanic Garden of India Republic introduced into the Economic Plants (BGIR), NOIDA Arboretum. These include some important tree species such as Pterocarpus santalinus, Introduction Sapindus mukorossi, Diploknema The Botanic Garden of India Republic butyracea, Commiphora caudate, etc. In (BGIR) was set up in April 2002 as part of the Arboretum of fruit yielding trees about the Botanical Survey of India after the fifteen species were introduced this year. Expenditure Finance Committee, MoEF, – Conservation programme approval in the same year. The scheme was identified as a “Green Channel” project under Conservtion studies including multiplication the National Jai Vigyan Science & Technology of some of the endangered species such Mission of the Ministry of Science & as beddomei, Frerea indica, Technology and approved by the Planning Hildgardia populnifolia, etc. continued. Commission. The botanic garden was inter- – A small Ginger Garden was developed alia established with the following goals: ex this year. The gingers species have situ conservation and propagation of rare potential economic and medicinal value. and indigenous plants, to serve as a ‘centre As part of the ex situ conservation of excellence’ for research and training, and programme BGIR now has seventy nine to build public awareness through holdings of gingiber germplasm material environmental education. The project outlay meant for introduction in this garden. was for Rs.3775.85 lakhs. These include some rare ones such as BGIR Programme Activities Amomum cannicarpum, A. ghaticum, A. muricatum, Curcuma haritha, C. The BGIR is presently carrying out the mutabilis, C. vamana, etc. basic scientific/technical work to facilitate project execution in context of research/field – Specialist collections of bamboos and operations. The following work has been done carallumas have also been initiated this during the year. year. – Woodland/Arboretum Development – Avenue plantation along some portions Programme of the newly constructed circular WBM road was done. The avenue trees include The programe continued with about one Samanea saman,Pterospermum thousand forty saplings belonging to seventy xylocarpum, Terminalia arjuna, T. nine species being introduced in the various cattapa, Parkia biglandulosa, etc. sections of the garden. Saplings of about forty four indigenous plant species, – Conservation Research/Training including Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, Programmes adenanthera pavoniana, Pterocarpus Laboratory studies including germination marsupim, Madhuca longifolia, etc., were trials for some selected plant species were introduced in the woodlands section. carried out as part of routine Similarly, about twenty six species were experimentation. Germination trials

50 Annual Report 2009-2010

showing fifty percent success rare yielded plants, including Eleutherine palmifolia, one thousand three hundred eighty eight Curculigo orchioides, Abroma augusta, etc. seedlings to 16 species. The seedlings The Medicinal Plants Section at BGIR is raised are hardned/stocked in the planned as repository of medicinal plants nethouses and later introduced into the of the Indo-gangetic region. The formal various sections of the garden. section is divided into eight sectors each – The herbarium development work containing twelve species laid out continued with maintenance of the thematically according to their therapeutic herbarium specimens collected as part use in treatment of various ailments of the Digital Flora of NCT Project. generally in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The section has become the main – The Database Development Programme attraction of visitors of the garden. activity has resulted in the electronic version of the Flora of India volumes Infrastructure development published by the Botanical Survey of Some enabling activities such as India. Plans are afoot to make the CDs development of a circular access road and available for wider dissemination of irrigation pipeline were taken up; these scientific output of BSI. The Introduced facilities are expected to become fully Plants Database, Threatened Plants operational soon. Other civil work items such Database, etc. are under development. as entrance gte with security hut and nature These databases are expected to shop are in the pipeline. It may be mentioned 2 supplement the in-house conservation that BGIR now has a Metro connectivity which research as well as education and makes BGIR the only known botanic garden extension programmes of BGIR. with a Metro station within the garden – BGIR has also initiated an extension campus. This is expected to substantially training programme for undergraduate/ increase the number of visitors to the garden. B.Tech. students, working on voluntary UNDP-GOI-GEF-II-Programme on Promoting basis on the Seed Bank Laboratory for Conservation of Medicinal Plants and their dissertation. Visitors from nearby Traditional Knowledge for Enhancing Health universities and research institutes are and Livelihood Security and Mainstreaming, also exposed to the various garden Conservation and Sustainable use of sections through guided trips. Some Medicinal Plant Biodiversity public/advisory services were also rendered for colleges/institutions in Delhi. The ever increasing demand of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants (MAPs) as – Medicinal Plants Conservation Programme healers and health rejuvenators for the Development of the Medicinal Plants traditional or the so called alternative Section, Ayur Vatica, continued with medicinal practices such as Ayurveda, augmentation of more than one hundred Siddha, Unani, traditional Chinese and fifty seedlings belonging to eleven medicinal Tibetan medicines has led to an indiscriminate

51 Ministry of Environment & Forests extraction and unregulated trade of these from economic benefits was also felt necessary. its natural habitat i.e. the Forests. This has With this objective, the Ministry of Environment resulted into a degradation of this resource and Forests and UNDP have taken up two affecting the major livelihood of a majority projects namely GOI-UNDP-CCF-II Promoting of the village population, thereby having a Conservation of Medicinal Plant and significant impact on the socio-economic as Traditional Knowledge for Enhancing Health well as the environmental well-being of the and Livelihood Security and GOI-GEF-UNDP country. Project on Mainstreaming Conservation and Realising the threat to the Medicinal Sustainable Use of Medicinal Plant Biodiversity Plant Bio-diversity, a need was felt to conserve, in three Indian States. protect, cultivate, propagate, improve UNDP-GOI-CCF-II Programme on Promoting harvesting and collection practices of Conservation of Medicinal Plant and medicinal plants of the country. Besides this, Traditional Knowledge for Enhancing Health a long-term strategy at the global, national and Livelihood Security Project and local levels for conservation of medicinal plant resources and using their rich associated UNDP-GOI-CCF-II Programme on traditional knowledge, for social, cultural and Promoting Conservation of Medicinal Plant and Traditional Knowledge for Enhancing Health and Livelihood Security Project has an outlay of US$30,00,000 (Three Million US$) (Rs 12.90 Crores) and was initiated in May 2006. The project is being undertaken in nine States viz. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal US$2.97 Million has been released so far. The main objective of the project is supporting conservation of medicinal plants and traditional knowledge for enhancing health and livelihood security. The key thrust of the project is to promote conservation of medicinal plants and related traditional knowledge with local people and mainstreaming these into the existing policies and programmes of the forestry and health sector. The Foundation for Revitalization of

Fig-15. Phlomis bracteosa, and flowers are Local Health Tradition (FRLHT), Bengaluru is used as medicines the designated National Focal Point for the

52 Annual Report 2009-2010 programme. The program is being by the States. Sites have been prepared implemented through State Forest Departments for Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Rajasthan. and the Conservator of the Forest is the State Management plans have been prepared Focal Point. The project is overseen by a for all the thirty two MPCAs. Project Monitoring Board (PMB) and is – Prepared trade regulation report for implemented by an Empowered Project prioritized species of Tamil Nadu. Standing Committee (EPSC). During the year two meetings of EPSC were held. The project – Infrastructure for five State Level Medicinal is now about to be completed by 31st March Plant Seed Centres have been developed 2010. Some of the activities carried out under and Nurseries to raised 67 prioritized the project are as follows- species have been establishment in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra – Conservation, Assessment, Management Pradesh. Prioritization (CAMP) workshops have been organized in Orissa, Rajasthan, West – One lakh seedlings of Decalepis hamiltonii Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and CAMP – a critically endangered and highly traded Reports have been published for Orissa medicinal plant from Karnataka have been and West Bengal. distributed for propogation. – A list of three hundred sixteen plants has – Farmers meeting cum workshop was been prepared for Assessment and out of organized at Dharwad, Karnataka to discuss on planting material, propagation 2 which one hundred twenty six have been techniques and planting of medicinal plants. indentified as heavily traded on endemic or phyllogenetically distinct. Degrees of – Twenty three species were identified for threat has been assigned to these spices sustainable harvest out of which seventeen as per the IUCN criteria and categories species (6 in Karnataka, six in Madhya through Conservation Assessment and Pradesh and five in Tamil Nadu) were Management Prioritization Workshops prioritized for development and (CAMP) organized in various states. implementation of the Protocol for Accordingly fourteen species are assigned sustainable harvesting under CCF-II project. as critically endangered forty three species The protocols for another six species that as endangered and fifty nine species as are included in the demand supply study vulnerable. were implemented through another project funded by Forest Research Project (FRP) – Thirty five Medicinal Plants Conservation under Department for International Areas (MPCAs) were identified in four states Development (DFID) and this compliments to conserve the endangered medicinal the CCF II project objectives. plants. Out of these, thirty two MPCAs have established however twenty are supported – A draft manual on nursery and propagation under the Project and the remaining are techniques of prioritized species has been the offshoot of the study to be undertaken prepared.

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– Collection and marketing of prioritized introducing Traditional Knowledge species completed (2nd harvest season) for curriculum in school and medical education. sustainably harvested species. Testing of CDs has been carried out in seven schools. – Data collected from eight Bio-geographic zones in India to assess contribution of – Training programmes on legal frameworks medicinal plants and traditional knowledge and preparation of business plans to to health and livelihood security of rural establish community owned enterprises for people. Data entry and Data analysis are Forest Development Agencies (FDA) were under progress. A report has been prepared organized. Twenty nine potential FDAs from on Protection of IPR related to Traditional nine project states were nominated by the Health Care Knowledge and Resources in respective State Forest Departments. India. – Digitized database (in CD) on medicinal – Five hundred Community Knowledge plants of Orissa and Rajasthan were Registers (CKRs) have been prepared for released. the States of Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, – Home Doctors websites in six languages Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Orissa. like Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi, Marathi, Village level CKRs have been prepared in Bengali and English is complete and has local language, documenting the resources, been hosted for public viewing. practioners and use pattern. – Twenty three capacity building programmes – 50,415 Home Herbal Gardens (HHGs) in have been organized for six hundred thirty the States of Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, participants from nine implementing states Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Orissa have on different project components. been established to cater to the traditional – Two visits under the South-South knowledge and primary health care. Cooperation component were organized – An Assessment of Livelihood through nursery during 23rd-31st July, 2008 and 25th-30th related enterprises was carried out in Orissa October, 2009 to Kenya and South Africa State. The study reveals reduction in monthly respectively. The visiting teams identified expenditure on health from Rs.730-1025 areas of mutual cooperation for to Rs.30 – Rs.50 per three months. conservation and sustainable use of – Twenty Primary Health Care Centres (PHCs) medicinal plants. and five Government Ayurvedic UNDP-GOI-GEF Project on Mainstreaming Dispensaries have been equipped for Conservation and Sustainable use of delivering health care through Traditional Medicinal Plant Bio Diversity in three Indian Knowledge documentation in the State of States Karnataka. Encouraged with the success of this – A series of interactice workshops were phase, the Ministry with the support of UNDP organized with schools. Modules have been and Global Environment Facility (GEF) has prepared in the form of interactive CD for launched another project namely GOI-GEF-

54 Annual Report 2009-2010

UNDP Project on ‘Mainstreaming Conservation and Sustainable Use of Medicinal Plant Biodiversity in three Indian States’ in the States of Chhattisgarh in , Arunachal Pradesh in North-East India and Uttarakhand in North-west India. These States provide a broad range of ecological conditions, and hence medicinal plant diversity as well as range of Institutional arrangements relating to forest management. The total out lay Fig-16. Rhododendron arboretum, a highly ornamental species, used of the project is US $ in treatment of headaches 11,414,121 with 4.93 million $ of GEF and 6.4 Million $ of Government has been designated as the National Project contribution which makes it Rs. 57.07 Crores Director (NPD) for the Project. The project as the total cost of the project. The project shall be implemented in the States by State 2 is for seven years. Forests Departments through State Medicinal The Project is an extension of the CCF Plant Boards (SMPBs). The Project shall be II project with main thrust of mainstreaming overseen by the National and State Level the long-term conservation, sustainable and Steering Committees which have already been equitable use of medicinal plant diversity and constituted. The States have also establishment associated traditional knowledge with local Project Management Units (PMUs) in their people into forest management policy and States. FRLHT, Bengaluru has been designated practices at the National, State and Local as the National Project Management Unit levels. (NPMU). Requisite MOU has been signed between Government and FRLHT and some The project was launched through an staff for the PMU has been recruited. Some th Inception Workshop on 9 September 2008 of the activities carried out under the project in the Ministry. The project was launched in are as follows: the State of Uttarakhand through a Brainstorming Session held at Dehradun on – PMUs have been set up in all the states and 27th September 2008. The State of staff has been recruited. Chhattisgarh and Arunachal Pradesh have – Activities for establishment of Medicinal also launched the project in their States on Plants Conservation Areas (MPCAs) have 17th January 2009 and 27th February 2009 been initiated. Seven MPCAs in each of respectively. The Joint Secretary, CS-III Division the three implementing states are

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demarcated in as per the standard Procedure for obtaining prior approval for models. Base line Data collection has diversion of forest land (forest clearance) been initiated. The State/UT Government before diverting / – Policy Review meetings were organized de-reserving forest land for non-forest purposes in all the three states by the nodal requires prior approval of Central Government agencies for carrying out the activities of under section-2 of the Forest (Conservation) Outcome 2. Act 1980. – National Level meeting was organized 1. The statute for forest diversion requires the to work out the modalities for carrying diversion in two stages. In Stage-I (i.e. ‘in- out the studies for Outcome 1. Sub-groups principle approval’), the proposal is either have been constituted on each of the agreed to or rejected. If agreed to, certain seven Outputs to work out the Terms of conditions largely relating to depositing References. the opportunity cost of forest land such as – Orientation workshop has been organized Net Present Value (NPV), Compensatory to discuss and orient the implementing Afforestation (CA) and other expenses partners towards a common knowledge and towards mitigating the environmental understanding and to prepare future action damages (Catchment Area Treatment, plan. Wildlife preservation, Bio-diversity – One, reorientation training was given to conservation and rehabilitation of the Project Staff of Arunachal Pradesh by displaced persons, if any) have to be FRLHT imparting knowledge as a part of fulfilled by the project authorities. Once capacity building of State Medicinal Plant this is done, Stage-II clearance is accorded Board. by the Government. Following this the Forest Conservation project authorities are handed over the Objective forest land for use. The mandate of the Forest 2. The process of forest clearance may be Conservation Division is to implement the summarized as below: Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, which was (i) The proposal is submitted by the th enacted on 25 October, 1980. This Act concerned State / deals with grant of forestry clearances for Government seeking prior approval diversion of forest lands for non-forestry of the Central Government (Ministry purposes in respect of development projects of Environment and Forests). like power, roads, railways, irrigation, mining, schools, defence, drinking water, (ii) Proposals involving more than 40 ha resettlement & rehabilitation of people etc. of forest land are sent to the Ministry This Act is regulatory is nature, not of Environment and Forests at New prohibitory. Delhi.

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(iii) Proposals involving forest land up to forest land up to 5.00 (five) ha except 40 ha are sent to the concerned the proposals related to mining and Regional Offices of the Ministry of regularization of encroachment. Environment and Forests. These offices (vii) All proposals for regularization of are situated at Shillong, Lucknow, encroachment are dealt with in the Chandigarh, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar Ministry of Environment and Forests and Bangalore. at New Delhi irrespective of the area (iv) In the Ministry of Environment and involved. Forests at New Delhi, the proposal is 3. According to the Forest (Conservation) examined by the Forest Advisory Rules, 2003 which are currently in force, Committee (FAC) constituted under the time lines prescribed for different Section-3 of the Forest (Conservation) levels are as follows – Act, 1980. The decision is taken by the Competent Authority (MEF) on the (i) After receipt of renewal proposals, in basis of the recommendations of the the prescribed format and complete Forest Advisory Committee. On in all respects, from the User Agency, receipt of the compliance report from 60 (sixty) days for State / Union the State Government, these are Territory Government. scrutinized by the concerned AIG and (ii) After receipt of fresh proposals, in thereafter, with the approval of the the prescribed format and complete 2 IGF, final approval to the proposal is in all respects, from the User Agency, conveyed to the State Government. 90 (ninety) days for State / Union (v) In the Regional Offices of the Ministry, Territory Government. the proposals are examined by the (iii) After receipt of the proposals State Advisory Group (SAG) recommended for approval from the pertaining to the concerned State / State / Union Territory Government, Union Territory. The recommendations 60 (sixty) days for the Central of the SAG are processed in the Government to take a decision. regional office and note is prepared to obtain the approval of MEF through 4. The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India vide the Additional DGF, MoEF. Once the its various orders as given below, directed approval of the MEF is available on the Central Govt. to follow certain the file, formal order is issued by the procedure for according forest clearance: concerned Regional Office of the (i) Vide its order dated 13-11-2000 in Ministry. W.P.(Civil) No. 337 of 1995, the (vi) The Regional Chief Conservator of Supreme Court of India have banned Forests, who heads the Regional de-reservation of forests/ Sanctuaries/ Office, has been empowered to take National Parks except with the decision for the proposals involving approval of the Supreme Court.

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(ii) The Ministry of Environment and forest Dwellers (Recognition of forest Rights) Forests moved the Supreme Court of Act, 2006. India for deletion of the word “forests” 8. In addition to the above, there is general form the above order dated 13-11- approval under Section – 2 of Forest 2000 in WP(C) No. 337 of 1995 (Conservation) Act 1980 for diversion of through an Interlocutory Application forest land for underground laying of No. 16. However, the Supreme Court optical fiber cables, underground laying of India on 09-02-2004 disallowed of telephone lines and underground laying the request of the Ministry stating that of drinking water supply pipelines. “We see no ground to allow the application and delete the word Existing system for clearances in Protected “forests” from the order dated 13th Areas November. The application is Directions of Hon’ble Supreme Court accordingly dismissed.” in Writ petition (Civil) No. 337/1995 dated (iii) The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India 13th November 2000 and 9th May 2002: vide its order dated 23-11-2001 in Order of Hon’ble Supreme Court dated I.A. No.703 in W.P.(Civil) No. 202 13.11.2000 directs “No dereservation / of 1995, the Supreme Court of India denotification of National Parks/Wildlife have restrained the Union of India Sanctuaries shall be effected”. from permitting regularisation of any Order of Hon’ble Supreme Court dated encroachments whatsoever without 9.5.2002 directs that ”All cases pertaining their approval. to Section 29 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 5. At present, the proposals involving forest 1972 shall be referred to the Standing land up to 40 ha are being processed Committee of NBWL”. and accorded forest clearance as per Provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, existing provisions of Forest (Conservation) 1972 Act, 1980 without being placed before the FAC. Section 29 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 provides that ‘ no person shall 6. It has been noted that the proposals up destroy, exploit or remove any wild life to 40 ha of forest lands get sanction by including forest produce from a sanctuary or and large within the stipulated time period destroy or damage or divert the habitat of as mentioned in para-3 above. any wild animal by any act whatsoever or 7. There is also a general power given to the divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into State Governments for according approval or outside the sanctuary, except under and up to 1.00 ha of forest land for non-forest in accordance with a permit granted by the purposes for social sector developmental Chief Wildlife Warden, and no such permit projects executed by the Government shall be granted unless the State Government agencies. These are also covered under being satisfied in consultation with the Board the Scheduled Tribe and other traditional that such removal of Wildlife from the

58 Annual Report 2009-2010 sanctuary or the change in the flow of water prescribed proforma that has been developed into or outside the sanctuary is necessary by the Ministry of Environment & Forests and for the improvement and better management is available in the website of the Ministry of wildlife therein, authorizes the issue of (http://envfor.nic.in). such permit. The prescribed proforma has five parts Section 35(6) of the Wildlife and each part to be filled in by the User (Protection) Act, 1972 provides that ‘ no Agency; concerned Divisional Forest Officer/ person shall destroy, exploit or remove any Park Manager; Concerned Chief Conservator wild life including forest produce from a of Forest; Concerned Chief Wildlife Warden National Park or destroy or damage or divert and the Concerned Forest Secretary. the habitat of any wild animal by any act The proforma also seeks information whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the on the detailed biodiversity aspects of the flow of water into or outside the National area in question; maps of the area, other Park, except under and in accordance with activities already in place; possible impacts a permit granted by the Chief Wildlife of the proposal, etc. Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied The User agency is required to submit the duly filled in Part-I of the proforma and in consultation with the National Board that submit it to the concerned Forest Officer, who such removal of Wildlife from the National in turn, forwards through the Chief Park or the change in the flow of water into Conservator of Forest to the Chief Wildlife 2 or outside the National Park is necessary for Warden. the improvement and better management of wildlife therein, authorizes the issue of such The Chief Wildlife Warden, after permit. giving his specific comments on the proposal forwards the proposal to the Government of Section 26A (2) of the Wildlife India, through the concerned Forest Secretary (Protection) Act, 1972 provides that ‘No after the recommendation of the State Board alteration of the boundaries of Sanctuary shall for Wildlife be made by the State Government except on a recommendation of the National Board. The proposal so received from the State Government is placed before the Standing Section 35(5) of the Wildlife Committee of NBWL (Chaired by the Hon’ble (Protection) Act, 1972 provides that ‘No Minister for E&F and the Addl. DGF (WL) alteration of the boundaries of National Board being the Member-Secretary and having 10 shall be made by the State Government except members including Non Government on a recommendation of the National Board. members). Procedure being followed for grant of The meetings of the Standing clearance Committee are convened once in 2-3 months The User Agency/Project Proponent is time period. During the meetings, discussions required to submit the proposals in the on each proposal takes place wherein the

59 Ministry of Environment & Forests concerned Chief Wildlife Warden and and from 60 days to 30 days at the Central representatives of User Agency are also Government level. invited. – The Regional; Offices of the Ministry were In cases where the area proposed for directed to assist/ help the officials of the diversion is large and/or the impact of the Border Roads in formulating the proposals project on wildlife is grave, site inspections as and when theses officers approach are conducted by the members of the them. Committee. The site inspection reports are – The Chief Secretaries of all the States/UTs generally considered in the next ensuing including these 5 States have been meeting of the Standing Committee. requested to direct the concerned officers In other cases, where the diversion of handling the proposals including the Nodal land is small and/or the impact of the project Officer (FCA) to expedite processing of on the wildlife is not so visible, the Standing proposals. Committee takes a view during the meetings – The State Governments have been as and when the proposals are considered. requested to strengthen the institution of After the recommendations of the the Nodal Officer (FCA) so that only Standing Committee of NBWL, the User complete proposals in all respect are Agency/State Government have to approach forwarded by them to the Central Hon’ble Supreme Court for final clearance Government. And thus, these do not attract in view of their orders dated 13.11.2000 . further clarifications from the State Government. It may be mentioned here that the – The concerned State/UT Governments Ministry of Environment & Forests has also have been requested to advice the filed an Interlocutory Application before the Divisional Commissioners for coordinating Hon’ble Supreme Court seeking a relaxation such proposals at the State Government of the order of Hon’ble Supreme Court dated level so that delays are curtailed. 13.11.2000. – The workshops/seminars have been Initiatives by the MoEF organised at Shillong and Dehradun to With a view to expedite the prior share information on project/proposal approval under the Forest (Conservation) Act, formulation to the officers of BRO / BRTF 1980, and also clearance under the Wildlife etc. (Protection) Act, 1972, following initiatives B. Investigative Survey / Prospecting have been taken by the MoEF: Prospecting of any Mineral, done under A. For Border roads along the Indo-China prospecting license granted under MMRD Border/Projects of National Security Act, which requires collection / removal importance of samples from the forest land, would be – Reduced the processing time from 90 days a stage between survey & investigation to 30 days at the State Government level and grant of mining lease and as such

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permission under Forest (Conservation) Transparency in processing of clearances Act, 1980 would be required. However, With a view to make the process of in case of metallic ores - test drilling up environmental and forestry clearances, the to 20-25 boreholes of maximum 4" dia information required by the Project Proponent, per10 sq km and in case of coal and State/UT Governments and NGOs etc. has lignite (non-metallic Ores) – (a) test drilling been put into public domain by putting the up to 15 boreholes of maximum 4" dia data on the website of the Ministry. The data per10 sq km for open cast mining; and is being updated at a frequency of ones every (b) test drilling up to 20 boreholes of week. maximum 4" dia per 10 sq km for under- ground mining for prospecting exploration The design of the website has been or reconnaissance operations, without modified to make it more user friendly. felling of trees, shall not attract the Activities undertaken provisions of the Act. In all other cases st st involving more number of drilling of bore – During 1 January, 2009 to 31 December, holes, prior permission of Central 2009, about one thousand nine hundred Government under the Act would be sixty nine developmental projects involving required”. about 33,187.20 hectares forest areas have been granted forestry clearance. C. Other Initiatives However, the first stage approval has been – The FAC has been advised to dispose of given only for eight hundred thirty six 2 the minutes of the meeting within two days proposals involving 15185.90 ha. These from the date of receipt of the draft minutes include the projects for power generation, from the concerned officials and indicate irrigation, construction of roads, railway their approval / corrections, if any, by lines, transmission lines, drinking water email. supply projects, village electricity, schools, – All efforts should be made to finalise the hospitals etc. minutes of the meeting within a period of – During this period, one hundred seventy 5 days from the date of convening of the one proposals were closed / rejected / meeting of the FAC. returned / withdrawn owing to – The minutes should be processed on the shortcomings from the established/requisite individual case files by the processing requirements for granting forestry clearance officer within two days from the date of under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. receipt of confirmed minutes. – Further, to boost the development of – The approval of the competent authority underdeveloped area including tribal areas, on the recommendations of the FAC should general approval under Section-2 of the be communicated to the concerned State/ Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 has been UT Government within 15 days from the accorded for underground laying of electric date of convening of the FAC meeting. cable and wires to individual household,

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drinking water supply/water pipelines, Ad-hoc CAMPA by the respective State telephone lines which involve felling of trees Government have been released to the not exceeding fifty numbers per project and respective States/UTs. are outside the National Parks and – National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Sanctuaries and are laid along the road Management and Planning Authority and validity of the general approval has (CAMPA) Advisory Council was constituted been extended till further orders. to facilitate the working of State CAMPA. – Good practices have been adopted to It has already started its working with its ensure transparency in the system of forestry first meeting on 29th September, 2009. A clearances. Monitoring mechanism for new initiative in the form of GPS based Forest Clearances has been strengthened. monitoring system has been envisaged Agenda items for Forest Advisory firstly for CAMPA work and later on for Committee Meetings, its minutes, important other works like monitoring of different guidelines and modifications are being conditions stipulated in Forest and regularly placed and updated on Ministry’s environmental clearances, different website. The Status of all cases received programmes of NAEB etc. To achieve above in the ministry are regularly monitored. objective, a Core Group has been These all information have been placed in constituted and it will be submitting their the Public domain. road map and plan by March, 2010. – During the period, PMO references (twenty Strengthening of Forests Division seven) and VIP references (sixty seven) have Introduction been accorded special attention and almost all of them have been processed The Ministry has six Regional Offices and replied with. located at Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Shillong and Chandigarh with its – During the period, in order to operationalize Headquarter in the Ministry at New Delhi. CAMPA, Guidelines in conformity with List of the Regional Offices is given in Supreme Court’s directions and as per Annexure-II A. The primary function of the consultation with the State Government was Regional Offices is to monitor and evaluate prepared and circulated to all State/UTs. the ongoing forestry projects and schemes Most of the State have constituted State with specific emphasis on conservation of Level Compensatory Afforestation Fund forests and follow up action on the Management and Planning Authority implementation of conditions and safeguards (CAMPA) in accordance with the guideline laid down by the Ministry while granting and have opened the State CAMPA clearance to development projects under account. Taking into account the need to Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and commence Compensatory Afforestation in Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. the States/UTs without further loss of any planting season, already 10% of fund These Regional Offices were created remitted by the State Government to the in mid part 80s. Since then the work load

62 Annual Report 2009-2010 has increased many fold. However, the regularization of encroachment) and to strength of both scientific and non-scientific process cases between five hectare to forty officials and staff in these Offices remained hectare in consultation with the State Advisory stagnant. Further, over a period of time a Committee and to undertake physical number of scientific and ministerial staff inspection of sites in cases of diversion of have since superannuated and these forest lands to non-forestry purposes involving vacancies remain unfilled. There is a fear an area of more than one hundred hectare. that a number of sanctioned posts may have A statement showing the number of cases been deemed abolished. It is, therefore, received and number of cases cleared under necessary that the staff and officers position the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 during in these Regional Offices is reviewed and the year 2009-10 (upto 31 December, 2009) revised upward. is given in Table-7. There have been requests by atleast Other Activities undertaken two States viz. the Uttarakhand and Jharkhand Some of the important activities to open additional Regional Offices in these undertaken/ meetings held by the Regional two States so that the smaller proposals Offices are as follows: requiring prior approval under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 could be finalized – Due to special management efforts of expeditiously through the mechanism of State Regional Office, Eastern Region, Advisiory Group (SAG). Bhubaneswar, State Governments have recently started notifying the non-forest land 2 Progress of Activities undertaken received against forest diversion proposal The Regional Chief Conservator of since 1980. Orissa Government has Forests is empowered for approval of diversion notified forty, Jharkhand Government has of forest land for non-forestry purposes upto notified thirteen such pieces of land as the extent of five hectare (except mining and Protected Forests and process has been

Table-7. Statement showing the number of cases received and number of cases cleared under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 during the year 2009-10 (upto 31 December, 2009) S.No. Regional Offices Number of cases Number of cases received cleared (upto 31.12.2009) 1. Bangalore 75 55 2. Bhubaneswar 52 62 3. Bhopal 168 86 4. Lucknow 390 495 5. Shillong 72 98 6. Chandigarh 439 370 Total 1196 1166

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expedited in West Bengal and Andaman were attended by Heads of Departments & Nicobar Islands. and senior level executives of major projects – Regional Office, Eastern Region, as well as professors/ academicians Bhubaneswar has initiated mandatory GPS involved in research from leading institutions mapping for boundary demarcation of such as IIT Kharagpur, IIT Guwahati, NIT diverted forest land and compensatory Rourkela, NIT Durgapur, VSS University of afforestation land for better identification, Tech., Burla, IT-BHU, CMRI and DGMS. management and control against any The objectives of the meetings to have mismanagement/ mis-utilisation. Industry-Institution interface discussion are (a) experience sharing among the – A special drive has been made by the participating projects on the best practices Regional Office, Eastern Region, adopted, (b) the institutions can understand Bhubaneswar for initiation/ revision of directly from the industry the R&D needs Working Plans as per National Working and (c) the industry can understand the Plan Code. Regional Office, Eastern Region, strengths and capabilities of the best Bhubaneswar has also stressed for focused Research Institutes of the Eastern Region. attention towards Non Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) Management of all the – The Regional Office, Eastern Region, Eastern States. Bhubaneswar has assisted the industries for management of their solid wastes. The – To develop expertise in different categories industries generating wastes (Tyre, of the projects that have been accorded Petroleum and Aluminium Smelter), and environmental clearance by the Ministry of Eastern Railway made an inventory of their Environment & Forests, the Regional Office, solid wastes for their chemical constitutions Eastern Region, Bhubaneswar has identified and caloric value which helped the Regional different sectors such as Aluminium & Office to involve Alternative Fuel & Raw Bauxite sector, Thermal Power Projects, Materials (AFR) Division of M/s ACC and Coal Mine Project sector, Oil, Gas & IIT Kharagpur to explore the possibility of Petroleum sector, Steel & Sponge Iron sector utilisation of wastes than sending to and Nodal scientists have been nominated Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility. for each sector. The concerned scientists are encouraged to specialize in each of – A small garden dedicated to indigenous the allotted sectors. fragrant plants is being developed in the office complex of the Regional Office, – Till December 2009, three Sector Specific Eastern Region. Interactive meetings were organised by the Regional Office, Eastern Region, – Vermi-composting facility has been Bhubaneswar. These meetings were held developed in the campus of the Regional on 31.7.2009 (Aluminium & Bauxite Office, Eastern Region utilising the domestic sector), 23.10.2009 (Thermal Power wastes. The manure generated from the Projects sector) and 8.12.2009 (Oil, Gas vermin-composting will be used in the & Petroleum Projects sector). These meetings garden.

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– Regional Office, North Eastern Region, Eastern States including Sikkim and special Shillong organized interactive meeting of categories States namely Jammu & Kashmir, project proponents, State Forest Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand share Departments, Pollution Control Boards on 10% of the cost while the rest of the States/ 3 March 2009 related with status of UTs share 25% of the cost of the annual compliance of projects approved under plans of operations. EPA, 1986. The meeting was chaired by The major components of the scheme Additional Secretary, Ministry of include: Environment & Forests. – Forest Fire control and Management. – Regional Office, North Eastern Region, Shillong organized a sectoral meeting – Strengthening of Infrastructure. relating to Cement Industry on 16.11.2009 – Survey, Demarcation and Working Plan Financial Achievement preparation. A statement showing financial targets – Protection and Conservation of Sacred and achievements for the year 2009-10 is Groves. given in Table-8. – Conservation and Restoration of Unique Intensification of Forest Vegetation & Ecosystems. Management Scheme (IFMS) – Control and Eradication of Forest Invasive While aiming to expand forest cover Species. 2 in the country it is equally important to – Preparedness for Meeting Challenges of improve the state of existing forests and Bamboo Flowering and Improving protect them against various threats. This Management of Bamboo Forest. Centrally Sponsored Intensification of Forest Management Scheme aims at strengthening While the first three components have forest protection machinery of the State/UT been under implementation since the X Plan Governments and providing support for period under the erstwhile Integrated Forest area-specific forest management Protection Scheme, the remaining four interventions. The financial assistance is components have been introduced from the provided on cost share basis – All the North year 2009-10.

Table-8. Financial targets and achievements for 2009-10 (Rs. in crore)

Revenue head Capital head Target Achievement Target Achievement Budget Revised (upto Budget Revised (upto Estimates Estimates 31.12.2009) Estimates Estimates 31.12.2009) 7.83 10.37 6.93 3.50 4.03 4.03

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The scheme has helped the State/UT National Conference of Ministers of forest departments in modernising the forestry Environment and Forests sector by way of creating infrastructure such The National Conference of Ministers as field offices, forest stations, residential of Environment and Forests was held on 18th facilities for frontline staff; construction of roads August, 2009 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. and patrolling paths; introduction of modern The aim of the Conference was to enhance technology including use of PDS for field cooperation and identify concrete actions in surveillance and reporting; providing field priority areas for protecting the environment vehicles, arms and ammunitions. Introduction and forests. The Conference was inaugurated of advanced technology helped in bridging by the Prime Minister. It was attended by the backlog in preparation of working plans. Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, Forest fire control has become progressively Union Ministers, Chief Ministers, Ministers of effective by way of creation and maintenance Environment and Forests, States/UTs of firelines for prevention of forest fires, early Secretaries of Environment and Forests, detection, reporting and quick mobilisation Principal Chief Conservators of Forests, Chief of force for forest fire control. Modern Wildlife Wardens, Resident Commissioners, technology has also helped in improving Chairmen and Member Secretaries of Central planning for forest fire control and Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State management. Pollution Control Board (SPCB), senior officers This scheme has also provided from Central Ministries and State/ UTs, incentives for involvement of local people NGOs, officers from various Institutions of through Joint Forest Management Committees Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), in forest protection. Presently, there are more etc. The administrator of Chandigarh than one lakh JFMCs managing an extent of (Governor) Punjab and Lt. Governor of twenty two mha involving twenty two million Andaman and Nicobar Islands also people of forest area. participated in the Conference. The XI plan outlay for the scheme is In the Inaugural Session the Minister Rs.600.00 crores. The allocation for the year of State (Independent Charge) for Environment 2009-10 is Rs.76.00 crores. and Forests, Shri Jairam Ramesh gave the Forest Policy Welcome Address and Opening remarks. He highlighted the following issues: Forest Policy Division of Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) coordinates the – Environmental Management – National Forest Policy and its implementation Strengthening compliance and monitoring issues, Forest International Cooperation of standards besides examining and coordinating the State – Cleaning/ conservation of Rivers and lakes Forest Policies, State Forest Acts/Amendments – Accelerating the pace of greening and etc. The details of the major activities improving the quality of forest cover coordinated by the Forest Policy Division are as follows: – Modernisation of Forestry administration

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Fig-17. Hon’ble MoS(I/C) delivering speech during National Conference of 2 Ministers of Environment and Forests – Relationship between the Forest The Prime Minister in his Inaugural (Conservation) Act and ‘The Scheduled Address urged the State Governments: Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers – To create State level action plans for climate (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 change consistent with the strategies in the – Wildlife Management, particularly Project national plans. Tiger – To modernize the existing Forest and – The proposed creation of Environment Wildlife management system in the country Protection Authority and National Green with improved resources, communication Tribunal Act and improved training of personnel. – Increase the resources for forests conservation – To fill positions of front line personnel lying and improving the quality of forest vacant at State level. – To reserve the degradation of rivers of our – Release of CAMPA funds to States country and set up institutional structures – Better funding for environmental activities for synergizing the river conservation efforts like Common Effluent Treatment Plants at the national and state levels. – Re-imbursement of water cess to State – To effectively enforce legal provisions Governments through State Pollution Control Boards to

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curtail the discharge of untreated industrial of The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional effluents that account for nearly 25% of the Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) total pollution load in our river systems. Act, 2006 along with Ministry of Tribal Affairs. – To involve more stakeholders, particularly In the process: youth, to lead the movement for – Instructions issued to state governments on environmental protection and regeneration. August 3, 2009 that to formulate – To use collective knowledge and wisdom unconditional proposals under the Forest and experience to seek new pathways to (Conservation) Act, 1980, the State/UT reserve the environmental degradation and governments are, wherever the process of resource depletion. settlement of rights under the FRA has been The Minister of State (Independent completed or currently under process, Charge) for Environment and Forests, Shri required to enclose evidences for having Jairam Ramesh during the Working Session initiated and completed the above process, recalled the detailed discussions held in the specially among other sections, 3(1)(i), preparatory meeting on 17th August, 2009. 3(1)(e) and 4(5). In the Working Session, agenda-wise – To facilitate implementation of the Act, presentations deliberations and decisions took the topic “Protection of Forests in the place as per details: context of the implementation of The The Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Act, 2006 Rights) Act, 2006” was kept as an The Ministry has been pro-actively Agenda for discussion during the National involved, in coordinating the Implementation Conference of Ministers of Environment and Forests held on 18th August, 2009 at New Delhi where it was emphasized that there should be focus on developing strategies for the speedy implementation of the Tribal Act while minimizing its potentially deleterious impacts on forests. – In the context of numerous Court Cases challenging the various provisions of the Act, this Ministry is regularly providing Ministry’s comments to the Nodal Ministry i.e. Ministry of Tribal Fig-18. Forest dwellers with forest produce Affairs.

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United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) next Congress. On their invitation, the DGF&SS, Dr. P.J. Dilip Kumar made a formal The United Nations Forum on Forests declaration of intention to host the next (UNFF) in its 7th Session had adopted the Congress, in the concluding ceremony held Non-Legally Binding Instrument on all types on 23rd October, 2009. Discussions were also of forests with the four global objectives. All held with officials of British Forestry member countries had agreed to implement Commission, US Forest Service, Chinese this instrument and to make efforts for delegation, Russian delegation and Nepal team achieving global objectives. The Government on areas of mutual interest and cooperation. of India is also committed to implementing Sustainable Forest Management (SFM). In this Agenda-I : Monitoring compliance with context, the information on progress in 2007- environmental and forestry related laws and 08/ 2008-09 in implementing the Non-Legally regulations and the roadmap for institution - Binding Instrument on all Types of Forests building (NLBI) and the progress towards achieving A presentation on “Institution Building the four Global Objectives on Forests was for Managing our Environment & Forests” was submitted. The 8th Session of United Nations made by Shri Vijai Sharma, Secretary (E&F). Forum on Forests (UNFF) was held in New The presentation, inter alia, highlighted the York, USA from 20th April to 1st May, 2009. various dimensions of the environmental The Indian delegation headed by Director challenge and the issues involved in General of Forests and Special Secretary monitoring compliance with environment and 2 (DGF&SS), Ministry of Environment and forest laws. After detailed deliberations, it Forests, Government of India participated was agreed to:- actively in the 8th Session of UNFF and suitably – Establish an empowered Environment put forward the country’s views in the meetings. Protection Authority, within a year, which would be an autonomous, professional and World Forestry Congress science-based body, fully authorized to The 13th Session of World Forestry undertake effective implementation of the Congress was held at Buenos Aires, legislation and rules therein, as well as Argentina, from 18th to 23rd October, 2009. monitoring compliance with safeguards The theme of the Congress was ‘Forests in stipulated as part of environmental Development – A Vital Balance’. The Indian clearances and also to transmit to the States Delegation headed by DGF&SS participated within a month a centrally prepared concept actively in the 13th Session of World Forestry note on the proposed Authority; Congress. Meetings/ discussions were held – Conduct a survey of the seventeen with Mr. Jan Heino, Dy. Director General of categories of highly polluting industries in FAO Forestry Department and Mr. Olman the current year at the State level to ensure Serrano, Associate Secretary General World compliance of relevant standards and also Forestry Congress Forestry Department, FAO, to document the clean technologies being Rome regarding modalities of planning of the adopted;

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– Work out a time-bound action programme (TSDFs) for hazardous wastes, and for handling the industrial clusters having common facilities for treatment of serious environmental pollution levels, to bio-medical wastes, keeping in view the be implemented jointly by the Central and need to substantially enhance the State Pollution Control Boards. For this, the assistance by the Central Government; Central Government will issue guidelines – Set up and strengthen, in view of the for identification of critically polluted areas and the monitoring protocol to be enforced. decentralized appraisal procedures, High level monitoring at the State Level of State-level Environmental Impact these areas will be undertaken to ensure Assessment Authorities and Coastal Zone timely intervention; Management Authorities, with professional and technical expertise in – Undertake a comprehensive inventorization the environment and forest related fields, of hazardous waste being generated in supported by technology-enabled different States and UTs; monitoring mechanisms for enhancing – Expedite sanctions due under the Water Cess environmental compliance; Act by the Central Government to the State – Operationalize the crisis management Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs), with action to be taken according to a system to be systems to handle chemical accidents and devised to enable disbursements to the SPCBs related emergencies, supported by onsite without delay and also to provide additional and offsite emergency plans and systems resources to the Central Pollution Control for transmitting information using the web- Board (CPCB) under the Water Cess Act; based Chemical Accident Information and Reporting System. Preparation of – Strengthen the SPCBs by allocating greater emergency plans for the Maximum Hazard budgetary resources and sanctioning (MAH) units will be expedited. additional posts wherever needed in terms of technical manpower and infrastructure, – Modernize and revitalize forest as a primary responsibility of the State administration at various levels, particularly Government. The Central Government will at the cutting-edge level of forest guards provide assistance to the weaker State PCBs and rangers, including with regard to new for this endeavour; recruitment, improvement of working – Augment the technical manpower, conditions and better incentives for field- infrastructure and financial resources of the level staff. States will endeavour to bring CPCB; the Forestry personnel on par with the Police Force in terms of remuneration and service – Put in place innovative funding conditions. mechanisms, public-private partnerships and special purpose vehicles for setting – Circulate a copy of the National Green up common facilities, such as Common Tribunal Bill, 2009. which has been recently Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs), introduced in the Parliament, to the States treatment, storage and disposal facilities within a week.

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Agenda-II : Improving our approach to river common facilities, such as common effluent cleaning using innovative models and treatment plants (CETPs). enhanced coordination between Centre, Agenda-III : Strategies for increasing forest States and Local Bodies cover and enhancing synergies between A presentation on ‘River Cleaning ‘Green India Mission’, National Afforestation using Innovative Models’ was made by Shri Programme and CAMPA funds R.H. Khwaja, Additional Secretary. The Shri K.B.Thampi, Inspector General of presentation highlighted the recent initiatives Forests made a presentation highlighting the of the Government for giving a fresh impetus present status of the Forest and Tree Cover to river cleaning and underlined the need (FTC) in the country, the strategies for for enhanced coordination between Centre, increasing FTC, current initiatives and action States and Local Bodies. After disc points. After discussion the following ussions, the following conclusions were conclusions were reached: arrived at: – States would immediately prepare a status – To effectively coordinate the working of the Centre, States and Urban Local Bodies for paper showing the availability of budgetary river and lake cleaning programmes; to resources in the respective states for the significantly enhance the resources Forestry Sector from all sources and send allocated for these programmes; and seek it to the Ministry of Environment of Forests. bilateral/multilateral assistance for the effort – The information required from the states for and put in place new implementation preparing the Detailed Project Report (DPR) 2 mechanisms, e.g., special purpose vehicles, of a Rs. 1600 crores project likely to be drawing upon the experience gained over supported by JICA should be expedited the past two decades; – States experiencing difficulties in accessing – To set up empowered structures in the States, funds for forestry/afforestation projects headed by the respective Chief Ministers; under the NREGA may emulate the example complemented by tripartite Memorandums set by Andhra Pradesh where the process of Agreement (MoAs) between the MoEF, has been considerably streamlined. the State Governments, and the Urban Local – The Ministry would take necessary action Bodies concerned to effectively plan, expeditiously on the proposals on Clean coordinate and implement river Development Mechanism (CDM) that will conservation activities in an integrated be forwarded by Madhya Pradesh and manner. States will allocate dedicated funds other states. for meeting Operation and Maintenance (O&M) expenses and consider measures Agenda-IV : Strengthening of State Forest for mobilization of resources for this purpose Departments by Modernization, Infrastructure by levy of user charges, cess etc.; development and Capacity building of forest – To put in place innovative funding officials mechanisms, public-private partnerships Shri A.K.Johari, Deputy Inspector and special purpose vehicles for setting up General of Forests introduced the agenda

71 Ministry of Environment & Forests through a presentation. After discussions the on the subject. It was said that while the following Action Points were agreed upon: Ministry of Tribal Affairs is the Nodal Ministry for the implementation of the Act, the Ministry – The State/UT Governments would prepare of Environment & Forests and the State Forests plans for modernising their forestry Departments have a facilitating Role. The administration by 20.12.2009 and submit Minister of State (Independent Charge) for the APOs to the Ministry at the earliest. In Environment and Forests observed that ‘The this modernisation plan, the focus would Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest be on the frontline forestry forces. Dwellers (Recognition of Forests Rights) Act, – The State/UT Governments would submit 2006’ needs to be implemented speedily and information as per the Proforma enclosed with that it is the responsibility of all concerned the agenda note of the Agenda Item No. 4. to work in this direction. At the same time, it is also necessary to take necessary steps – Programme Coordinators for Intensification towards conservation. In the ensuing of Forest Management Scheme would be discussions, the following action points were designated by the State/UT Governments. agreed upon: – For the areas affected by Naxalism, – Forest Departments will facilitate the speedy Divisional Plans would be submitted by the implementation of the Act by providing concerned State/UTs at the earliest. maps, documents & evidences and by proactively participating in the Sub-division The following conclusions were reached: level & District level Committees. – States would undertake modernisation of – States will expedite the identification of Forestry Administration on a Mission Mode. Critical Wildlife Habitats. Focus of Scheme would be on Frontline Forestry Force. Attempts would be made – Forest Departments will prepare Scheme by the States to bring the Forestry Force for permanent demarcation of the Right holders’ land and request for funding by on par with the Police Force in terms of the Tribal Welfare Departments. their pay, allowances, promotions, etc. – Forest Departments will prepare proposal – For areas affected by left wing extremism, for capacity building of forest dwellers so the State Governments would apportion that they can conserve, regenerate, protect funds from the Central Assistance for and sustainably manage the forests and implementation of Divisional Plans under can live in harmony with their environment. Strengthening of Forestry Administration. Such programme should be posed for Agenda-V : Protection of Forests in the context funding by the Tribal Welfare Departments. of the implementation of “The Scheduled Tribes Agenda-VI : Wildlife management including and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers and issues related to man- (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 animal conflict Dr. P.B.Gangopadhyay, Addl. Director At the outset, the MOS (I/C) (E&F) General of Forests made a brief presentation remarked that wildlife conservation in the untry

72 Annual Report 2009-2010 faces several challenges. Dr. Rajesh Gopal, – Fill up frontline staff vacancy through a Member Secretary, National Tiger special drive. Conservation Authority made a presentation – Ensure safeguards and timely compensation highlighting the various issues pertaining to for man-wildlife conflicts in human wildlife sector. In the ensuing discussion, the dominated landscapes for enlisting following action points were agreed upon: cooperation of local inhabitants. – State/ UT Governments to make use of the – Appoint independent Field Coordinators for provisions of the modified Centrally each Elephant Reserve in Elephant Range Sponsored Schemes in the Wildlife sector States. and also to scale up financial allocation for wildlife conservation in State Plans. – Wildlife Institute of India to constitute a special team to study the man-animal conflict – Step up intelligence networking and issues involving Nilgai. The team shall visit effective enforcement in Protected Areas. the badly affected States submit a report – Promote specialization within Forest for addressing this issue within 2 months, Department to improve field delivery. – MoEF to convene a separate meeting on – Establish a 24 x 7 control room with the issues related to elephant-man conflicts Chief Wildlife Warden for interlinking with involving Elephant Range States. the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau and field – Mobilize local community participation as formations. Further, they shall inform the the primary instrument for protecting wildlife Wildlife Crime Control Bureau on the 2 and for promoting conservation and occurrence of major crimes in a format sustainable management of forests; already circulated and also to give details of wildlife crimes during the last 10 years – Act effectively against poachers and, to facilitate the establishment of wildlife simultaneously, amend the Wildlife crime date base. (Protection) Act, 1972 as necessary, to enhance its effectiveness, – Operationalise the tripartite MOU at the earliest for availing central assistance under – Take concrete steps, with the Centre and . States working together, for addressing the special needs of communities living in and – Ensure statutory compliance as required around the wildlife habitats, supported by by the NTCA (buffer zoning, Steering Management Plans for the Protected Areas, Committee, tiger conservation plan, foundation). which recognize the local communities as stakeholders. – Ensure actions on the recommendations made in the All India tiger estimation report Wildlife Conservation for corridor conservation, Introduction – Prepare and operationalize Management The Indian Constitution entails the Plans / Tiger Conservation Plans within 6 subject of forests & wildlife in the Concurrent months, wherever these are nonexistent. list. The Federal Ministry acts as a guiding

73 Ministry of Environment & Forests torch dealing with policies and planning on Funding Support for Wildlife Conservation wildlife conservation while the State/ UT Government of India provides technical Governments have been vested with the and financial support to the State/ UT responsibility of implementing national Governments for wildlife conservation under policies and plans. Realizing the huge task of conserving India’s wildlife resources, the the various Centrally Sponsored Schemes - National Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016) Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats, was adopted, emphasizing the need for Project Tiger, and Project Elephant, and also peoples’ participation and support for wildlife through Central Sector Scheme - Strengthening conservation. of Wildlife Division and Consultancies for Special Tasks, and through Grants in Aid to In Government of India, the Additional the Central Zoo Authority and Wildlife Institute Director General of Forests (Wildlife) and of India, Dehra dun. The objectives and details Director, Wildlife Preservation is the head of the Wildlife Wing in the Ministry of of the Schemes handled by the Wildlife Environment & Forests. The Wildlife Wing Division are as given below: has two Divisions, namely, Project Elephant Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats Division and Wildlife Division, each headed The Protected Area network in India by an officer in the rank of Inspector General of Forests. A Deputy Inspector General of includes ninty nine National Parks and five Forest (Wildlife), an Assistant Inspector hundred fifteen Wildlife Sanctuaries, forty General of Forests & Joint Director (Wildlife) three Conservation Reserves and four and one Deputy Director (Wildlife) provide Community Reserves. The objective of the support to the Wildlife Wing. In addition, Scheme is to provide financial and technical three autonomous bodies, National Tiger assistance to the State/ UTs to conserve Conservation Authority (NTCA), Central Zoo wildlife resources. The Scheme supports Authority (CZA) and Wildlife Institute of India various activities aimed at the conservation (WII) have been constituted for tiger of wildlife that inter alia include , zoo management, research and improvement practices, infrastructure training in wildlife respectively under the development, eco-development activities, anti Ministry. The National Zoological Park in the poaching activities, research, training, capital is also a part of the Wildlife Wing capacity building, census of wildlife, etc. of the Ministry of Environment & Forests. Under this Scheme, 100% grant is In tune with the 2006 amendment to provided for identified items of non-recurring the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, a Wildlife Crime control Bureau has been established expenditure. Also, 50% assistance is provided to combat wildlife related crimes. The Wildlife in respect of recurring items of expenditure. Crime Control Bureau has five Regional For areas located in mountainous, coastal, Offices located Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, deserts and with identified endangered Chennai and Jabalpur and three Sub-regional species, 100% financial support is provided offices at Amritsar, Guwahati and Cochin. for both recurring and non-recurring items of

74 Annual Report 2009-2010 work. An amount of Rs 80.00 crore was allocated during the year 2009-10 under the Scheme. During December 2008, the erstwhile Scheme – ‘Development of National Parks and Sanctuaries’ has been modified by expanding the scope and adding a few more components and activities. The total outlay for the modified Fig-19. Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary Scheme - titled as ‘Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats’ Nicobar megapode, Manipur Brow-antlered is Rs.74.00 crores for the 11th five Year Plan deer, Vultures, Malabar civet, One-horned period. Apart from providing support to rhino, Asiatic Lion and Swamp deer. Out of Protected Areas (National Parks, Wildlife these ‘Recovery Programmes” for Vulture, 2 Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and Snow Leopard, Hangul, Edible-nest Swiftlet Community Reserves), the modified Scheme and Manipur Brow Antlered Deer have been also provides for ‘Protection of wildlife outside launched. Funds have been released to Jammu the Protected Areas’ and ‘Recovery & Kashmir (Snow leopard and Hangul), programmes for critically endangered Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana (Vulture), species’. Edible-nest Swiftlet (Andaman & Nicobar The Ministry had initiated an Islands), Manipur Brow Antlered Deer independent evaluation of National Parks and (Manipur). Apart from this, Government of Wildlife Sanctuaries by a group of experts India has formulated an Action Plan for Vulture to ascertain the Management Effectiveness of Conservation, which is being implemented in Protected Area network in the country. Five collaboration with State/UTs. The Government regional committees of experts have been has supported Vulture Breeding Centres at constituted for the purpose. in Haryana, Buxa in West Bengal and Rani Forest in Assam and also the captive Recovery programmes for critically breeding centres at 4 Zoos at Bhopal, endangered species Bhubaneshwar, Junagarh and Hyderabad, The Ministry has initially shortlisted which have been set up through CZA. fifteen species which are Snow Leopard, Government of India also providing funds to Bustard, Dolphin, Hangul, Nilgiri Tahr, Marine Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai for , Edible-nest Swiftlet, Asian Wild Buffalo, the project “Monitoring and use of Veterinary

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Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs and entry. Consequent upon the creation of (NSAID) and Painkiller and their distribution the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau, these around select vulture site” regional and sub-regional offices have been Strengthening of Wildlife Division and now made part of the Bureau. Consultancies for Special Tasks The Scheme “Strengthening of Wildlife division and Consultancies for Special Task” This Central Sector Scheme was provided assistance to the Regional Offices launched in 1986 to strengthen the Wildlife Division in the Ministry and the Regional located in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Jabalpur and Chennai for manpower and development Officers of Wildlife Preservation for fulfilling of infrastructure. Assistance was also extended the statutory obligations under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and the Convention to the three sub-regional offices at Guwahati, on International Trade in Endangered Species Amritsar and Cochin. In addition, the Scheme of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). also supported the functioning of the Wildlife Division in the Ministry. The allocation of the International trade in wild flora and scheme during the year 2009-10 was Rs.4.08 fauna is regulated by the provisions of the Crores. EXIM Policy, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and CITES convention. The Director The Scheme also supported wildlife (Wildlife Preservation) is designated as the research activities/ projects envisaged in the National Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016). CITES Management Authority and the Grant were also provide to research institutes, Regional Deputy Directors (Wildlife Preservation) are the Assistant Management universities, NGOs and other organizations of repute engaged in wildlife research both Authorities under CITES. They monitor and at the field and laboratory levels. Major areas regulate international trade in wildlife and its derivatives at the designated ports of exit supported inter alia include taxonomy, population estimation, wildlife conservation & management, restoration of degraded ecosystems, etc. About twenty three projects in various disciplines of wildlife management are under various stages of consideration/ implementation Wildlife Crime Control Bureau The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) has come into existence on Fig-20. Rhinoceros – needs conservation and protection 6/6/2007 after amending

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Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 in 2006. The by the National Board for Wildlife for framing mandate of WCCB includes collection, polices for effective wildlife conservation, collation of intelligence and its dissemination, making recommendations on wildlife establishment of a centralized wildlife crime conservation, etc. The Standing Committee databank, coordination of the actions of ordinarily meets once in three months. During various enforcement authorities towards the the period from 1st April 2009 till date, 4 implementation of the provisions of the Act, meetings of the Standing Committee of implementation of the international National Board for Wildlife were held under conventions, capacity building for scientific the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Minister of State and professional investigation, assistance to for Environment & Forests. The meetings were authorities in other countries for a coordinated held on 4th May 2009, 17th July 2009 and universal action towards control of wildlife 16th September 2009 and 22nd December crimes and to advise the government 2009. During these meetings, several regarding various policy and legal important matters regarding wildlife requirements. conservation and also various proposals relating to development works involving The Bureau at present is manned by Protected Areas were considered. In all, fifty forty four officials including one Addl. Director in the rank of Inspector General of Police. As five proposals were considered by the Standing Committee during these 4 meetings, a central agency, it is assisting the state alongwith other important issues related to agencies through intelligence inputs, analysis 2 of information and providing expertise. The wildlife conservation. The minutes of the meetings are regularly updated to the official Bureau has also performing its role at the exit points under CITES. This organization has website of the Ministry. also played an active role in pursuing the International Cooperation interstate linkages in some important seizures India is a party to five major of mega-fauna. The Bureau has issued alerts international conventions related to wildlife on trafficking in some species and advisories conservation, viz. Convention on International on collection and appreciation of forensic Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna evidence. and flora (CITES), International Union for Standing Committee of National Board for Conservation of Nature and Natural Wildlife Resources (IUCN), International Whaling Commission (IWC), United Nations The Standing Committee of National Board for Wildlife, was constituted on 9th Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization-World Heritage Committee July 2007 for a period of three years. The (UNESCO-WHC) and the Convention on Standing Committee is chaired by the Hon’ble Migratory Species (CMS). Minister of Environment & Forests and is comprised of ten members including official During the reporting period, i.e. 2009- and non official members. The Standing 2010, India was actively involved in the Committee has been delegated the powers following International Conventions:

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& Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Wildlife wing of the Ministry of Environment & Forests is associated with conservation of the Natural World Heritage sites. Currently, five natural World Heritage Sites have been recognized by UNESCO in India viz, , , , Keoladeo

Fig-21. Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) National Park and National Park, – Convention on International Trade in apart from these, the Valley of Flowers Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora National Park has also been included in (CITES) the list of World Heritage Sites as an In order to regulate international trade in extension to Nanda Devi National Park. endangered species of wildlife, the Four new natural heritage sites viz, Western Convention on International Trade in Ghats cluster, Kangchendzonga National Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora Park, Namdhapha National Park and Wild (CITES) was signed in March 1973. The Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch have Government of India signed the Convention been included in the tentative list of World in July 1976, which was ratified in October Heritage Sites. The Ministry of Environment 1976. The Director, Wildlife Preservation & Forests has forwarded the detailed has been designated as the CITES nomination dossiers for listing of Western Management Authority for India. India also Ghats Cluster Sites to the World Heritage represented in the Animal Committee Sites, to the UNESCO. meeting of CITES held at Geneva during India had represented in the 33rd Session April 2009. of the World Heritage Committee that was held at Seville, Spain from 22nd to – World Heritage Convention 30th June 2009. India is a member of World Heritage – International Whaling Commission Convention responsible for listing of World Heritage Sites, which include both Cultural The International Whaling Commission and natural sites. The World Heritage (IWC) was set up under the International Convention is a Convention under the aegis Commission for the Regulation of Whaling of the United Nations Educational, Scientific which was signed in Washington on

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2nd December 1946. The purpose of the of IUCN in India including the Ministry of Convention is to provide for conservation Environment & Forests, National Board for of whale stocks. India has been a member Wildlife, Wildlife Institute of India, of the International Whaling Commission Dehradun the Govid Ballabh Pant Institute since 1981 and has played a pro-active for Himalayan Studies, Almora and Indian and prominent role in bringing about a Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal. An moratorium on commercial whaling and IUCN Country Office in India is also supporting the Commission in its efforts functional with its office in New Delhi. towards whale conservation. Further, an Indian Nation Committee (INC) st The 61 Annual meeting of the International of the IUCN is in existence under the Whaling Commission was held in Madeira, Chairmanship of the Secretary (E&F) and Portugal from 22nd to 26th June 2009. An comprising both official and non official Indian delegation attended the meeting. members. The Director, Wildlife Institute of India’s proactive role in its efforts to India is the Member-Secretary to the INC conserve the whale population was of IUCN. appreciated during the meeting. – Indian National Committee of IUCN – IUCN : World Conservation Union International Union for Conservation of During the period 2009-2010, one meeting Nature (IUCN) is a unique global of the Indian National Committee of the th organization which started working in IUCN was convened on 28 October 2009 2 1948. It is one of the handful of international under the Chairmanship of the Secretary organization where Governments and non- (E&F). The important discussions held during Governmental bodies work together as the meeting include: parties. By virtue of being a member of – Presentation on progress on India IUCN, one has access to the largest network programme by IUCN India Country Office of specialists in the field of conservation. IUCN is having an observer status at the – Mechanism for greater involvement of IUCN United Nations and advises Governments member organizations in IUCN India on matters related to conservation, integrity Country Programme. and diversity of nature and also ensures – Presentation of financial statement of INC- that any use of natural resources is equitable IUCN Secretariat. and ecologically sustainable. IUCN India Country office India has a long relationship with IUCN. The Government of India was the first The Government of India has been a state country in South Asia to join IUCN as a member of IUCN since 1969. In 2007, state member in 1969. It is also the first IUCN established a country office and and the only country in the region to host programme in India to deepen its the General Assembly of IUCN in 1969. engagement at the local, national, and At present there are twenty two members regional levels. IUCN’s India programme

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seeks to identify the key environmental and health care of animals in India zoos and concerns and gaps and correspondingly restrain mushrooming of unplanned and ill- broaden the membership base to enhance conceived zoos that were cropping up in the influence on policy and practice in country as adjuncts to public parks, industrial sustainable development complexes and way sides. Recent activities undertaken by IUCN in The Central Zoo Authority is a twelve India include member body headed by a Chairman. – Himalayan Water and Nature Initiative- Minister of State for Environment & Forests (Forests & Wildlife), Government of India is innovative management practices to support presently ex-officio Chairman of the Authority. mainstreaming of an ecosystem approach to water management; Member Secretary, Central Zoo Authority is the Chief Executive Officer of the Authority. – Access to environmental justice by the rural There are 9 regular and 6 contractual staff communities; and to assist the Member Secretary in discharge – Tiger Reserve Assessment. of his duties Work has also been undertaken to To carry out the different functions of implement two important initiatives: the Authority, two committees namely the Administrative Committee (headed by the DGF – The Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy & SS-to decide on administrative and (LLS) is a global initiative that examines the budgetary issues) and Technical Committee rights and access of the rural poor to forest (headed by the Addl. DGF(WL)-to take products in the context of the entire decisions on technical matters) have been landscape in which people and forests constituted in the Authority. An expert group interact; and on zoo designing has also been formed in – Mangroves for the Future Initiative (MFF), the Authority to give recommendations on zoo which seeks to address long-term threats to master plans and approval of the enclosure coastal ecosystems, and promote investment designs submitted by different zoos. in conserving coastal ecosystems as Activities undertaken during the year development ‘infrastructure’ – Recognition of Zoo Rules 2009 were Central Zoo Authority finalized and notified vide Notification No. Zoos in India are regulated as per the 643 dated 11.11.2009 in supersession of provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, the Recognition of Zoo Rules 1992. 1972 and are guided by the National Zoo – Five large, five small and thirty mini zoos Policy, 1998. The Central Zoo Authority was and Rescue Centres have been evaluated established by the Government of India in the as zoos during the year. year 1992 through an amendment in the Wild Life (Protection) (1991 amendment) Act, – Five large, two small and twenty three mini 1972. The main objective was to enforce zoos Rescue Centres have been given minimum standards and norms for upkeep conditional recognition.

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– The Central Zoo Authority is coordinating housings, veterinary facilities, infrastructure planned conservation breeding programme development, research and training for endangered species in Indian zoos. So purposes during the year 2009-10 (upto far, seventy species has been identified December 2009) under the planned conservation-breeding Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun programme. – Ninteen exchange proposals of animals Wildlife Institute of India (WII) was between Indian zoos and two exchange established in 1982, a premier training proposals between Indian and foreign zoos and research institution in the field of were approved by the Authority during the wildlife and protected area management period of the Report. in South Asia, is an autonomous institute of the Ministry of Environment & Forests, – The Central Zoo Authority has assigned with a 49 member WII Society as the responsibility of preparing and apex body. The Society is chaired by the maintaining the studbooks for 14 Union Minister for Environment & Forests, endangered species to Wildlife Institute of India. Studbooks prepared by WII on Government of India. The Institute’s wide Clouded leopard, Snow leopard, Tibetan array of capacity building programmes wolf, Hoolock gibbon and Red panda provide a practical and realistic direction have been uploaded on the website of to the concept and practice of wildlife the Central Zoo Authority for the purpose conservation. 2 of wider use. The Institute conducted various – The Central Zoo Authority has provided research projects, academic and training funds to various zoos to organize workshops programmes during the year. The details of and training programmes for zoo research and education programmes are personnels. given in Chapter-7 and 8 respectively. – The Central Zoo Authority has provided National Tiger Conservation Rs.38.72 lakh to Wildlife Institute of India Authority (NTCA) Dehradun for research project entitled Brief Introduction and Objectives “Studies on housing and enclosure enrichment of some species in selected The Centrally Sponsored Scheme Indian zoos”. An amount of Rs. 425.00 “Project Tiger” was launched in April, 1973 lakh has also been provided to seven with the objective “to ensure maintenance of Rescue Centres created for rehabilitation a viable population of in India for of animals rescued from circuses (upto scientific, economic, aesthetic, cultural and December 2009). ecological values, and to preserve for all – An amount of Rs. 729.80 lakhs has been times, areas of biological importance as a released to different zoos and related national heritage for the benefit, education organization for creation of better animals and enjoyment of the people.”

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Progress achievement made during the year Chief Minister and establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation. Legal Steps – Constitution of a multidisciplinary Tiger and – Amendment of the Wild Life (Protection) Other Endangered Species Crime Control Act, 1972 for providing enabling provisions Bureau (Wildlife Crime Control Bureau) with for constitution of the National Tiger effect from 6.6.2007 comprising of officers Conservation Authority and the Tiger and from Police, Forest, Customs and other Other Endangered Species Crime Control enforcement agencies to effectively control Bureau. The punishment in case of offence illegal trade in wildlife. within a tiger reserve has been enhanced. The Act also provides for forfeiture of any – Approval accorded for declaring eight new equipment, vehicle or weapon that has been Tiger Reserves. Notification for Sahayadri used for committing any wild life offence. Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra has been issued in January, 2010. Administrative steps – The revised Project Tiger guidelines have – Strengthening of anti-poaching activities, been issued to States for strengthening tiger including special strategy for conservation, which apart from ongoing patrolling, by providing funding support to activities, interalia, include funding support Tiger Reserve States, as proposed by them, to States for enhanced village relocatgion/ for deployment of anti-poaching squads rehabilitation package for people living in involving ex-army personnel/home guards, core or critical tiger habitats (from Rs.1 apart from workforce comprising of local lakh/ family to Rs.10 lakhs/ family, people, in addition to strengthening of rehabilitation/ resettlement of communities communication/wireless facilities. involved in traditional and – One hundred percent Central Assistance mainstreaming livelihood and wildlife provided to thirty eight Tiger Reserves as concerns in forests outside tiger reserves an additionality for deployment of Tiger and fostering corridor conservation through protection Force, comprising of ex-army restorative strategy to arrest habitat personnel and local workforce. fragmentation. – Constitution of the National Tiger – A scientific methodology for estimating tiger Conservation Authority with effect from (including copredators, prey animals and 4.09.2006, for strengthening tiger assessment of habitat status) has been conservation by, inter alia, ensuring evolved and mainstreamed. The findings normative standards in tiger reserve of this estimation/assessment are bench marks for future tiger conservation strategy. management, preparation of reserve specific tiger conservation plan, laying – An area of 29284.76 sq. km. has been down annual/ audit report before notified by fifteen Tiger States (our of Parliament, constituting State level Steering seventeen) as core or critical tiger habitat Committees under the Chairmanship of under section 38 V of the Wildlife

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(Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006 (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand , Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mizoram, Orissa, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal.) Two tiger States (Bihar and Uttar Pradesh) have taken a decision for notifying the core or critical tiger Fig-22. Panthera tigris in its natural habitat habitats (2765.04 sq.km.). The State of Madhya Pradesh has apart from a protocol on tiger conservation not identified/notified the core/ critical tiger with China. habitat in its newly constituted tiger reserve – A Global Tiger Forum of Tiger Range ( and Sanjay Dubri Countries has been created for addressing 2 Wildlife Sanctuary). international issues related to tiger – Memorandum of Understanding developed conservation. for better/concerted implementation of – During the 14th meeting of the Conference conservation inputs through tiger reserve of Parties to CITES, which was held from States. 3rd to 15th June, 2007 at The Hague, Financial Steps India introduced a resolution along with China, Nepal and the Russian Federation, – Financial and technical help is provided to with directions to Parties with operations the States under various Centrally breeding tigers on a commercial scale, for Sponsored Schemes, viz. Project Tiger and restricting such captive populations to a Development of National Parks and level supportive only to conserving wild Sanctuaries for enhancing the capacity and tigers. The resolution was adopted as a infrastructure of the States for providing decision with minor amendments. Further, effective protection to wild animals. India made an intervention appealing to China to phase out tiger farming, and International Cooperation eliminate stockpiles of Asian big cat’s body – India has a Memorandum of Understanding parts and derivatives. The importance of with Nepal on controlling trans-boundary continuing the ban on trade of body parts illegal trade in wildlife and conservation, of tigers was emphasized.

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– Based on India’s strong intervention Creation of Special tiger Protection Force during the 58th meeting of the Standing (STPF) Committee of the CITES at Geneva from – The policy initiatives announced by the th th 6 to 10 July, 2009. the CITES Finance Minister in his Budget Speech of Secretariat has issued a notification to 29.2.2008, interalia, contains action points Parties to submit reports relating to relating to tiger protection. Based on the compliance of Decisions 14.69 and 14.65 one time grant of Rs. 50.00 crore provided within 90 days with effect from 20.10.2009 to the National Tiger Conservation Authority (Progress made on restricting captive breeding (NTCA) for raising, arming and deploying operations of tigers etc.) a Special Tiger Protection Force, the Reintroduction of Tigers proposal for the said force has been approved by the competent authority for – As a part of active management to rebuild 13 tiger reserves. Rs. 93 lakhs each has Sariska and Panna Tiger Reserves where been released to Corbett, Ranthambhore & for creation of STPF in remaining 10 Tiger Reserves in 2009-10. Since then, the guidelines of the STF have been revised for deploying forest personnel in place of Police, with scope for involving local people like the Van Gujjars. – In collaboration with TRAFFIC-INDIA, action has been taken for an online wildlife crime database, and Generic Guidelines for preparation of reserve Fig-23. Tiger relocation specific Security Plan has been evolved. tigers have become locally extinct, reintroduction of tigers/tigresses have been Progress / Achievements made during the done. year – Special advisories issued for in-situ build – Funding support to thirty eight tiger reserve up of prey base and tiger population in seventeen States. through active management in tiger reserves – EFC of Project Tiger Scheme revised to having low population status of tiger and include additionalities for implementing the its prey. Tiger Task Force recommendations and

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enhancing the village relocation/ tiger habitat in its newly constituted tiger rehabilitation package for people living in reserve (Sanjay National Park and Sanjay core areas of tiger reserves. Wildlife Sanctuary) – As per the findings of the recent all India Recent initiatives estimation on tiger using the refined – Implementing a tripartite MOU with tiger methodology, the total country-level States, linked to fund flows for effective population of tiger is 1411(mid value); the implementation of tiger conservation lower and upper limits being 1165 and initiatives. 1657 respectively. The new findings, which are based on statistical methods and not – Revised the Special Tiger Protection Force comparable with the earlier estimates based (STPF) guidelines to involve local people on pugmark counts, indicate a poor status like Van Gujjars and others in field of tiger population outside tiger reserve protection and protected areas in the seventeen tiger – Rapid assessment of tiger reserves done States. The tiger population, by and large, twelve good, nine satisfactory and sixteen in the tiger reserves and protected areas poor. of such States are viable, while requiring – Special crack teams sent to tiger reserves ongoing conservation efforts. As informed affected by left wing extremism and low by the State, the population of lion is population status of tiger and its prey. 359±10, which has increased over the 2 years. As a part of the recent all India tiger – All India meeting of Field Directors estimation, only the spatial occupancy of convened on 25 and 26 July, 2009 under leopard within the seventeen tiger States the Chairmanship of the Minister of State has been ascertained. (Independent Charge) for Environment and Forests for reviewing the status of field – An area of 29284.76 sq. km has been protection and related issues in tiger notified by fifteen Tiger States (out of reserves. seventeen) as core or critical tiger habitat under section 38V of the Wildlife – Chief Ministers of tiger States addressed (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in at the level of the Minister of State 2006 (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal (Independent Charge) for Environment and Pradesh, Assam Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Forests on urgent issues, viz. implementation Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, of the tripartite MOU, creation of the Tiger Maharashtra, Mizoram, Orissa, Rajasthan, Conservation Foundation, stepping up Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and West protection etc. Bengal). Two tiger States (Bihar and Uttar – Chief Ministers of States having tiger Pradesh) have taken a decision for notifying reserves affected by left wing extremism the core or critical tiger habitats (2765.04 and low population status of tiger and its sq. km.). The State of Madhya Pradesh has prey addressed for taking special not identified / notified the core/ critical initiatives.

85 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Field visits to Bhadra, Corbett, Sariska and in 2006 to provide a separate Chapter (IVB) Ranthambhore made by the Minister of for strengthening tiger conservation. State (Independent Charge) for Environment Budget allocation of the scheme during the and Forests to review the initiatives and year and progress of expenditure problems relating to tier conservation. – Steps taken for modernizing the Details are given in Table- 9, Table-10 infrastructure and field protection. and Table-11. – Advisory issued for involvement of Non- Implementing organization along with details Governmental Experts in the forthcoming The Project is implemented in the all India tiger estimation. designated tiger reserves through respective – Core Committee involving outside experts State Governments, as a Centrally Sponsored constituted for overseeing the forthcoming Scheme. all India tiger estimation. Project Elephant – Report of the Special Investigation Team Introduction and Objectives (STI) constituted for looking into the local extension of tiger in the Panna Tiger Reserve Project Elephant (PE) was launched sent to the State (Madhya Pradesh) for the by the Government of India in the year needful action. 1991-92 as a Centrally Sponsored – Issue of tiger farming and trafficking of tiger Scheme with following objectives: body parts discussed at the level of Minister – To protect elephants, their habitat of State (Independent Charge) for & corridors Environment and Forests with the Chinese Authorities. – To address issues of man- animal conflict – Action taken for amending the Wildlife (Protection) Act to ensure effective – Welfare of domesticated elephants conservation. Financial and technical support is – Initiatives taken for improving the field being provided to major elephant bearing delivery through capacity building of field States in the country. The Project is being officials, apart from providing incentives. mainly implemented in 13 States / UTs, viz. – Decision taken to host the World Tiger Andhra Pradesh , Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Summit in October-November, 2010. Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Uttrakhand, Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the program Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Small support and promulgation of new Acts, if any, along is also being given to Tripura, Maharashtra with the details and Chhattisgarh. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, is the main regulatory Act governing the Outlay /Expenditure during Five Year Plans program. The said Act has been amended (in Rs. crores) is given in Table-12.

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Table-9. State wise release for Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger, during 2009-10 (as on 03.03.2010) (Rs. in lakhs) Sl. Tiger Reserve Total Amount Released No. 1. Andhra Pradesh 94.9100 2. Arunachal Pradesh 48.8600 3. Assam 184.7700 4. Bihar 8.0000 5. Chhattisgarh 1,338.7000 6. Jharkhand 110.7350 7. Karnataka 644.9720 8. Kerala 281.1600 9. Madhya Pradesh 2,419.4460 10. Maharashtra 362.8770 11. Mizoram 2,171.0000 12. Orissa 170.0800 13. Rajasthan 10,694.1700 14. Tamil Nadu 240.5500 2 15. Uttarakhand 241.7050 16. Uttar Pradesh 414.4370 17. West Bengal 298.5500 Total 19,724.9260

Important Initiatives taken during the year accidents. Needful initiatives have been taken by the Railway Board. – A Task Force on Project Elephant under the Chairmanship of Dr. Mahesh – Consultation held with all Elephant Range Rangarajan, Professor, Department of states in November 2009 to mitigate History, University of Delhi constituted on elephant – human conflict. States advised Project Elephant to provide detailed to take several short term and long term recommendations to upgrade the project actions including preparation of Action to bring about more effective conservation Plan. and management regime for the species – A two day workshop sponsored to Wildlife in India. Trust of India ( WTI ) on securing elephant – Consultation held with affected states and corridors in Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, Ministry of Railways in September 2009 held at Dehradun in July 2009 which was to minimize death of elephants in train attended by more than sixty participants

87 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-10. Reserve-wise release for Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project Tiger, during 2009- 10 (as on 03.03.2010) (Rs.in lakhs) Sl.No. Tiger Reserve State Total Amount Released 1. Nagarjunsagar Andhra Pradesh 94.9100 2. Namdhapa Arunachal Pradesh - 3. Pakke Arunachal Pradesh 48.8600 4. Kaziranga Assam 165.0000 5. Manas Assam - 6. Nameri Assam 19.7700 7. Valmiki Bihar 8.0000 8. Achanakmar Chhattisgarh 1,193.5000 9. Indravati Chhattisgarh 42.1500 10. Udanti-Sitanadi Chhattisgarh 103.0500 11. Palamau Jharkhand 110.7350 12. Bandipur Karnataka 161.6970 13. Bhadra Karnataka 128.0870 14. Dandeli Anshi Karnataka 144.3700 15. Nagarhole Karnataka 210.8180 16. Kerala 151.8000 17. Bandhavgarh Madhya Pradesh 159.9600 18. Kanha Madhya Pradesh 277.0600 19. Panna Madhya Pradesh 175.8950 20. Pench Madhya Pradesh 158.3200 21. Sanjay Dubri Madhya Pradesh 145.8400 22. Satpura Madhya Pradesh 1,502.3710 23. Maharashtra 155.1850 24. Pench Maharashtra 75.8720 25. Tadoba-Andheri Maharashtra 131.8200 26. Dampa Mizoram 2,171.0000 27. Satkosia Orissa 127.7300 28. Similipal Orissa 42.3500 29. Ranthambhore Rajasthan 10,560.0000 30. Sariska Rajasthan 134.1700 31. KMTR Tamil Nadu 138.4550 32. Mudumalai Tamil Nadu 51.8540 33. Corbett Tiger Uttarakhand 241.7050 34. Buxa West Bengal 38.5800 35. Sunderbans West Bengal 259.9700 36. I) Dudhwa Uttar Pradesh 285.9570 II) Katerniaghat Uttar Pradesh 128.4800 37. Anamalai Tamil Nadu 50.2450 38. Parambi Kulam Kerala 129.3600 Total 19724.93

88 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-11. Plan Expenditure for Project Tiger Scheme during 2009-10 (Rs. in crores) BE RE Percentage Total S. No. Budget Head 2009-10 2009-10 expenditure expenditure w.r.t. RE Project Tiger Scheme 1. 3601 (assistance to States 183.65 173.83 173.20 100% excluding North Eastern Region) 2. 2552 (assistance to North 55.30 24.30 24.05 99% Eastern Region) 3. 2406 (National Tiger 1.18 6.00 0.80 13.35% Conservation Authority) Total 240.13 204.13 198.05 97.02% Biodiversity Conservation and Rural Livelihood Improvement Project 1. 2406 BCRLIP 02.110.01.07. 1.00 0.40 0.131 32.75% 2. 3601 BCRLIP (EAP) 2.00 -- Nil Nil Total 3.00 0.40 0.131 32.75% 2 including State , Railways and other officials, Agriculture University, Guwahati, which scientists and NGO’s. The workshop came held in December 2009 at Guwahati and out with important resolutions. was attended by about nineteen Vets from across the country. – In order to enhance the capacity of Vets on elephant health care, a two week – One more workshop has been sponsored Trainining of Trainees (TOT) sponsored to to Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) on securing College of Veterinary Sciences, Assam elephant corridors of to be

Table-12. Outlay /Expenditure during Five Year Plans (in Rs. crores) Outlay Allotment Expenditure 8TH PLAN(92-97) 23 .00 20.75 19.51 9TH PLAN(97-02) 35.00 24.60 30.48 10TH PLAN (02-07) 71.00 67.25 63.83 11th Plan 81.99 2007-08 17.00 17.00 16.76 2008-09 20.00 21.50 21.47 2009-10 21.50 21.50 11.57 (upto Nov 09)

89 Ministry of Environment & Forests

organized in Tamil Nadu in current permission for five more Elephant Reserves- Financial Year. Baitarini ER & South Orissa ER in Orissa, Estimation of Wild Elephants Lemru & Badalkhod in Chattisgarh and Khasi ER in Meghalaya has been accorded by the All India estimation of wild elephant Ministry. The area under these would be population is done every five years. The trend extending over about 69582 sq km. The list of last four estimations clearly indicates of ERs with date of Notification and area is increase in population of wild elephants in given in Table-14. the country. The result of last four estimations are given in Table-13. Animal Welfare Elephant Reserves Introduction and Objectives With the notification of Uttar Pradesh The Animal Welfare Division is Elephant reserve in the year 2009, the total entrusted with the implementation of the number of Elephant Reserves (ERs) in the provisions of the Prevention of Cruelty to country has become twenty seven where as Animals Act, 1960 (59 of 1960). Plan

Fig-24. Elephant needs proper habitat

90 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-13. Estimated population of wild elephants

REGION STATE ELEPHANT POPULATION 1993 1997 2002 2007 North-East Arunachal 2102 1800 1607 1690 Assam 5524 5312 5246 5281 Meghalaya 2872 1840 1868 1811 Nagaland 178 158 145 152 Mizoram 15 22 33 12 Manipur 50 30 12 Nil Tripura 100 70 40 59 West Bengal (North) 186 250 292 300- 350 Total for North- 11027 9482 9243 9305- East 9355 East West Bengal (South) 14 26 36 25 Jharkhand 550 618 772 624 Orissa 1750 1800 1841 1862

Chattisgarh - - - 122 Total for East 2314 2444 2649 2633 North Uttarakhand ( * part of 828* 1130* 1582 1346 2 earstwhile UP ) U.P. 47 70 85 380 Total for North 875 1200 1667 1726 South Tamilnadu 2307 2971 3052 3867 Karnataka 5500 6088 5838 4035 Kerala 3500 3600 3850 6068 Andhra Pradesh 46 57 74 28 Maharashtra - - - 7 Total for South 11353 12716 12814 14005 Islands Andaman & 35 35 40 NA Nicobar Grand Total 25604 25877 26413 27669 - 27719

Schemes are in operation for implementation Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) have also of the statutory obligations under this Act. been set up under this Act. Two statutory bodies viz. Animal Welfare Activities relating to Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) and Committee for the are looked after by the Animal Welfare Purpose of Supervision and Control of Division of the Ministry of Environment and

91 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-14. Elephant Reserves in India Sl. Elephant Range Elephant Reserve with date of State Total No notification Area . (Sq. Km) I Eastern India 1. Mayurjharna ER(24.10.02) W. Bengal 414 (South W est Bengal- 2. Singhbhum ER (26.9.01) Jharkhand 4530 Jharkhand-Orissa) 3. Mayurbhanj ER (29.9.01) Orissa 3214 4. Mahanadi ER (20.7.02) Orissa 1038 5. Sambalpur ER (27.3.02) Orissa 427 6. Baitarni ER# Orissa 1755 7. South Orissa ER# Orissa 4216 8. Lemru # Chattisgarh 450 9.Badalkhol-Tamorpingla- # Chattisgarh 1048.30 Total 17092.30 II North Brahamputra 10. Kameng ER (19.6.02) Arunachal 1892 (Arunachal – Assam) 11. Sonitpur ER (6.3.03) Assam 1420 Total 3312 III South Brahamputra 12. Dihing-Patkai ER (17.4.03) Assam 937 (Assam- Arunachal) 13. South Arunachal ER Arunachal 1957.50 ( 29-2-08 ) Total 2894.50 IV Kaziranga 14. Kaziranga – Karbi Anglong ER Assam 3270 (Assam- Nagaland) (17.4.03) 15. Dhansiri-Lungding ER (19.4.03) Assam 2740 16. Intanki ER (28.2.05) Nagaland 202 Total 6212 V Eastern Dooars 17. Chirang-Ripu ER (7.3.03) Assam 2600 (Assam- W . Bengal) 18. Eastern Dooars ER (28.8.02) W. Bengal 978 Total 3578 VI E. Himalayas 19 Garo Hills ER (31.10.01) Meghalaya 3,500 (Meghalaya) 20. Khasi Hills ER# Meghalaya 1331 Total 4831 VII Nilgiri –Eastern Ghat 21. ER (25.11.02) Karnataka, 6724 (Karnataka- Kerala- 22. Wayanad ER (2.4.02) Kerala 1200 Tamilnadu-Andhra) 23. Nilgiri ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 4663 24. Rayala ER (9.12.03) Andhra 766 Total 13353 VIII South Nilgiri 25. Nilambur ER (2.4.02) Kerala 1419 (Kerala- Tamilnadu) 26. Coimbatore ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 566 Total 1985 IX W estern Ghat 27. Anamalai ER (19.9.03) Tamilnadu 1457 (Tamilnadu- Kerala) 28. Anamudi ER (2.4.02) Kerala 3728 Total 5185 X Periyar 29. Periyar (2.4.02) Kerala 3742 (Kerala- Tamilnadu) 30. Srivilliputtur ER(19.9.03) Tamilnadu 1249 Total 4991 XI Northern India 31. Shivalik ER (28.10.02) Uttaranchal 5405 (Uttaranchal-U.P.) 32. Uttar Pradesh ER ( 9.9.09) U.P. 744 Total 6149 TOTAL 69582.80 # Approved by Govt. of India, but not yet notified by the State Government.

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Forests with the mandate to prevent the developmental programme is immunization infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on and sterilization of stray dogs. animals. To accomplish this mission a three- Educational pronged approach has been aopted as follows:- Workshops, seminars and Conferences are organized from time to time. Newsletters Regulatory of AWBI also help in dissemination of The main task of the division is to information. Information is also provided implement the various provisions of Prevention through the website of the Ministry. of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. Under this Corresponding Outcomes Act, a number of Rules have also been framed for various purposes. The following schemes are being implemented by Animal Welfare Board of Some of the important Rules framed India:- are: – Scheme for provision of Ambulance – Performing Animals (Registration) Rules, Services to Animals in Distress 2001 as amended. – Scheme for Animal Birth Control and – Transport of Animals Rules, 1978, 2001& Immunization of stray dogs 2009. – Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural – Prevention of Cruelty (Slaughter Houses) Calamities and unforeseen Circumstances 2 Rules, 2001. – Scheme for Provision of Shelter houses for – Prevention of cruelty to Animals (Establishment and Regulation of Society animals for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) Rules – Animal Welfare Board of India Plan Scheme 2001. Animal Welfare Division handles following – Animal Birth Control (Dogs) Rules, 2001. two schemes: – Breeding of and Experiments on Animals – Committee for Purpose of Control and (Control and Supervision) Rules, 1998 as Supervision of Experiments on Animals amended. (CPCSEA) Developmental – National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) The Division provides financial Description of Schemes Implemented by the assistance through the Animal Welfare Board AWBI of India, for construction of Shelter House, Scheme for provision of Ambulance Services Dispensaries etc. for stray, infirm and to Animals in Distress abandoned animals. It also gives grants for ambulance and vehicles in connection with Under this Scheme, Ambulance/ treatment and transportation of sick, injured Rescue Vehicles are provided to the NGOs/ and rescued animals. Another major AWOs/ Gaushalas working in the field of

93 Ministry of Environment & Forests animal welfare. The ambulance services are showing increased keenness to become to be used for the following purposes: stakeholders in the programme. After this – to ensure that immediate treatment / first scheme has been transferred to the Board, aid is given to sick, injured stray / the local bodies are also applying to the Board abandoned animals; for financial assistance. There is a urgent need to expand this scheme to cover more Metros – to act as an outreach to help the poor & rural areas to address the issue effectively. people whose animals are involved in accidents or affected with disease and are Under the scheme, the norms for immobile; financial assistance are at Rs. 370/- per dog for pre & post operative care including – to act as mobile clinic to hold camps where medicines & ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for animals in a village can be vaccinated and catching and relocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/ treated; - per dog). AWBI has proposed “Rabies free – to pick up unwanted or hostile animals from India” programme to he taken up for next 10 human habitations; years. At Present, Ministry has taken up the – to implement the ABC/AR programme by matter with the Planning commission to collecting dogs and then releasing them enhance the allocation under existing after sterilization and immunization; ABCScheme. Under this scheme the NGOs/AWOs/ Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural Gaushalas are assisted to the extent of 90% Calamities and Unforeseen Circumstances project cost for purchase of a suitable vehicle We face natural calamities every year and equipment, modifications and fittings in the form of floods, cyclones, droughts and thereon. The maximum amount of grant-in- earthquakes. In such circumstances there is aid is limited to Rs. 3.50 lakhs for purchase an immediate requirement for the provision of the vehicle and Rs. 1.00 lakhs for of relief to affected animals by providing equipment, modification and fittings thereon. fodder, adequate shelter, medical attention Scheme for Animal Birth Control and otherwise the animals would perish. In the Immunization of stray dogs recent past, there was severe drought in the states of U.P., Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Keeping in view the overpopulation of Jharkhand and floods in the States of stray dogs throughout the country and also Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and North the increase of human / animal deaths due eastern states. to Rabies, this scheme was being implemented by the Ministry of Environment & Forests but Also large number of animals are now it has been transferred to the Board to illegally transported and slaughtered in facilitate sterilization and immunization of violation of the Prevention of Cruelty to stray dogs through the NGOs including SPCAs Animals Act, 1960 and Rules and Regulations throughout the country. The Local in force. Emergency services have to be Governments/Municipal bodies are also provided to such rescued animals and also

94 Annual Report 2009-2010 animals rescued from various organizations, Organisations for holding animals in circuses etc. The above scheme provides for distress and their treatment. this. – Humane Education Programmes It is proposed to extend financial implemented directly by the Board as well assistance to AWOs, State Governments/UTs, as support to AWOs for this purpose. local bodies working in the affected areas for – Capital expenditure at the Board’s providing relief to the animals affected during Headquarters i.e. expenditure on non- natural calamities and for relief of animals recurring items such as purchase of Assets/ rescued from illegal transportation, slaughter, equipments. circuses etc. – Expenditure on a variety of other animal Scheme for Provision of Shelter Houses for welfare activities such as Rescue of Cattle animals from illegal smuggling and transportation, There are a large number of animals rehabilitation of rescued circus animals. Lab in our country without proper shelter specially Animals, inspections. Legal expenses in in Goshalas. A number of them are not cared connection with court cases pertaining to for and arc left in the streets, either wounded animal welfare. A large proportion of the or suffering from various diseases. Though Plan funds arc allocated to the nearly 2700 there are shelter houses operating at various NGOs / Goshalas/ SPCAs & AWOs that places, their number is not adequate and the have been recognized by the Board. Such 2 facilities provided are insufficient. This scheme funding is made available subject to the endeavours to fill this gap and provide NGOs fulfilling the requisite conditions for requisite services for the care and protection seeking grants. of uncared animals by making provision Schemes handled by Animal Welfare Division for establishment and maintenance of shelter houses to various NGOs, AWOs, Committee for Purpose of Control & Goshalas etc. Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) Under this Scheme, the AWOs are assisted to the extent of 90% of the project The main objective of the Prevention cost of the construction of a shelter house of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA), 1960 is to with a ceiling of Rs. 25 lakhs including 10% prevent infliction of unnecessary pain or contribution to be made by the AWOs. The suffering on animals. Accordingly, the amount is released in two equal installments. Committee for Purpose of Control and AWBI Plan Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) has been constituted under The Plan account proposals relate to provisions of Section 15 of this Act. The Act provision of assistance for the following type provides for the duties and powers of the of activities: CPCSEA. and also penalties, in event of – Financial assistance to Animal Welfare contravention of orders made, or conditions

95 Ministry of Environment & Forests imposed by the Committee. The mandate of Animal Welfare on a diversified basis the Committee is to ensure that while comprising, among other things, animal conducting various types of experiments, in management, their behaviour and ethics. The connection with medical research or aim is to create an enabling environment for education, animals are not subjected to fulfillment of the statutory requirements as laid avoidable pain or suffering. The CPCSEA down in the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals functions within the ambit of the PCA Act, Act, 1960. and Rules frame under it e.g. Rules for NIAW has been conceptualized as an Breeding of and Experiments on Animals apex body in the field of animal welfare and (Control and Supervision), 1998 as amended. its broad mandate covers the need to improve CPCSEA has been reconstituted on animal welfare through education, research 19.10.2006 as a committee of experts from and public outreach. The Institute has been several areas, including medicine, veterinary operational since January, 2006 and the science, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, process of appointment of faculty is biostatistics, animal behavior and ethics. A underway.. The Institute is expected to evolve total of 1313 institutions have been registered as a premier body with international stature, by CPCSEA and 492 CPCSEA nominees have with participation of faculty / trainees from been appointed to assist the Committee in its other countries. functions. During this financial year, five The work of designing and running in CPCSEA meeting has been conducted service and other short term training courses wherein more than one hundred ninety two was assigned to Ed. CIL, a public sector project proposals on large animals have been enterprise under the Ministry of Human considered and one hundred twenty one have Resource Development, on turnkey basis. The been approved and six large animal house courses have commenced from 2.1.2006 and facilities have been approved. One National in-service courses of duration of one/two/ Conference of CPCSEA was conducted in Dr. four weeks are underway as per schedule. MCRHRD Institute of Andhra Pradesh in the The institute has successfully completed more month of January and financial aid was given than eighty training programme for different to ADRI, Lucknow to conduct Conference on stakeholders (NGO personnel, Veterinary Animal Ethics. National conference of Doctors, Students, Animal handlers etc) till CPCSEA was held in Delhi on 15th January, date. The training work is presently undertaken 2010 also. with the help of experts/guest faculty by the Animal Welfare Division itself. The other major National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) initiative taken for practical training , capacity The National Institute of Animal building and Clinical skill up gradation of Welfare (NIAW) has been set up as a Veterinary Doctors and Para Veterinary staff subordinate office of the Ministry of through Project Vet-train under collaboration Environment and Forests. The objective of with renowned NGO namely Vet Beyond NIAW is to impart training and education in Border, Australia . Pilot phase of “Project Vet

96 Annual Report 2009-2010 train” has successfully completed in which 6 Ministry’s website (www.envfor.nic.in) training programme has compeleted. Hon’ble and under the Right to Information Minister has already approved in principle Act. 2005. for implementation of the Phase 2 of this – Streamlining of procedures to facilitate project. compliance with extant laws and As per the Guidelines of VCI, the procedures and as a measure of good internship training programme for 2009-10 governance. will commence from Jan to July 2010, for – Opening up a meaningful dialogue with different Universities (G.B.Pant, Mathura, all affected constituents in a transparent Andhra Pradesh’s Rajendra Nagar, manner to facilitate policy changes and Gannavaram). Also four hundred students wherever required. will be provided “Internship training” before their award of B.Vsc Degree. Now the tender – Continuing the efforts to ensure that process of training work has assigned to National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) M/s AITD, who will start their work from grows in a stature and evolves into a Feb, 2010. prestigious body with international presence. A Steering Committee has been set up under the Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) – Recognition of the need to provide a firm to review the modalities of operation of NIAW institutional basis to statutory bodies such and to facilitate constant review of the as the CPCSEA. 2 functioning of the Institute. Apart from officials – Recognition of the need for setting out of the Ministry, the Steering Committee improved evaluation parameters to assess comprises of DG (CSIR) or his representative. the performance of ongoing Animal Member Secretary (CZA), Animal Husbandry Welfare Schemes. Commissioner. Ministry of Agriculture and a representative of the Ministry of Information – Improvement in management of Animal and Broadcasting. The last meetings of the Welfare Schemes as a part of the E- Steering Committee has been held in Governance initiative of the Ministry of June,2008. Environment &Forests. Policy issues and possible options – Focus on enhancing public awareness of animal welfare issues through greater role The Ministry proposes to lay emphasis of media and audio visual aids, as also on animal welfare activities during the 11th organizing direct outreach programmes, Plan period inter-alia in terms of: workshops and seminars. – Greater sensitization of all categories – Greater participation in various of agencies / institutions regarding the international forum to ensure a prominent need for compliance with animal role for India in shaping the international welfare laws. policy perspective on animal welfare – Dissemination of information through issues.

97 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Programme issues and possible options WHO has also recommended controlling the population of dogs through The thrust areas that require focus ABC/AR programme rather than killing them, during the year 2009-2010 are described which is inhumane and does not go well with below: our cultural ethos of love & compassion for Rabies is one of the most dreadful animals. This policy also supports rules under infectious diseases affecting both human Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act. 1960. beings and animals. Rabies is prevalent (ABC Dogs Rules-2001). throughout India except the islands of An ambitious programme (Rabies free Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar but India) of this nature will require appropriate has a low public health priority. Considering support from the Planning Commission. that Rabies is fully preventable disease and Projections for supporting this programme the huge expenditure incurred on post- have been made in the following manner: exposure vaccination both in humans as well as animals, there is an urgent need to – Central Sector Schemes - Provision of Shelter control and finally eradicate this dreaded Houses for Animals. Provision for disease from India as has been achieved Ambulance services to Animals in Distress by several European countries as well as and Animal Birth Control & Immunization South East Asian countries like Malaysia of Stray Dogs will support enhanced ABC and Singapore. operations. Thus additional allocations for these three Central Sector Schemes are The AWBI is currently the only agency proposed on these grounds. which is involved with controlling the – Plan Fund heads - Humane Education and population of stray/community dogs through Awareness, Oral Anti Rabies Vaccinations, its Animal Birth Control (ABC) Programme Capacity Building, Research and and administering anti-rabies vaccinations Monitoring will support other elements of (ARV) to them in some metros of the country. the Rabies Control Programme as described At present approximately 1,00,000 dogs are in the preceding paragraphs. Proposed sterilized/immunized which is grossly allocations for these have been modeled inadequate, given the population of street on the basis of needs of the Rabies Control dogs about 20 Million. Under the Animal Programme as well as ongoing animal Birth Control scheme, the norms for financial welfare activities in the country that are in assistance are at Rs. 370/- per dog for pre addition to the Rabies control Programme. & post operative care including medicines & ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for catching and – Capacity Building Gaushalas & ABC relocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/- per dog). The country’s large population of stray / AWBI has requested to enhance the present abandoned cattle is supported by a network cost of sterilization of dogs from Rs.445/- to of Gaushalas and Pinjrapoles, which are Rs.800/- to adopt latest technique and less in turn provided several types of support time to recover the animal. by the AWBI. A number of these Gaushalas

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were set up by philanthropists and expected to grow significantly during year individuals and groups, which, though 2009-10 in following areas: committed to the cause of animal welfare – Scope and number of trainings. did not necessarily have the management – Practical training for capacity building and and other capacities required for effective Clinical up gradation ol’ Veterinary functioning. It is therefore desirable that Doctors/ Para Veterinary staff the AWBI should undertake a special drive over the year 2010-11 to modernize – Introduction of specialized training in a Gaushalas and provide requisite training phased manner with induction of faculty to Gaushala personnel. Similarly the installation of equipment, upgradation of Veterinary Doctors/ Para Veterinary staff/ facilities (including provision for new hostels) Animal Handlers are trained to undertake as also functioning of an animal hospital the new technique of Surgery. and first-aid service through Mobile clinic. CPCSEA – Activities to undertake Information, communication and Education to all the During the 2009-10, it is proposed to stakeholders. step up the level of activities undertaken by Formulation of Standards and Performance CPCSEA in terms of Monitoring – Expansion in the coverage of Institutions, There are nearly 2,700 NGOs which are registered with CPCSEA; 2 affiliated to AWBI, out of which nearly 1,000 – Emphasis on inspections of animal house are provided regular financial support by the facilities throughout the country; Board for a variety of activities. The grants – Appointment of larger number of nominees, range from a few thousand to several lakhs. who are on board the Institutional Animals A strong need is felt for improved assessment Ethics Committees of various institutions; and performance monitoring of these groups on the basis of standards, indicators and – Imparting training to these CPCSEA criteria that are rooted in scientific and animal nominees; welfare good practices.Though the Board – Increasing the focus on public outreach by does inspect each group upon receiving grant way of publications, media coverage and applications, it is proposed to streamline and seminars, with special emphasis on the professionalize this process. scientific community, which relies on use of A two stage approach is proposed for animals in experimentation. this comprising of developing appropriate – Undertaking the IEC activities (Seminar and standards for the functioning of various animal other awareness programme) welfare groups. Building on such standards, it is further proposed to develop a professional National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) panel of referees who will be trained in The activities of the Institute are monitoring and evaluation techniques. Finally,

99 Ministry of Environment & Forests a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation – Scheme for Provision of Shelter Houses for plan (M&E) will be developed that will include Animals. details of monitoring schedules, frequencies, Purposes methodologies, and analysis. Ministry has formulated a committee to undertake the – To assess overall outcome, impact as well methods of evaluation related with the as effectiveness. schemes undertaken by AWBI. – To improve the quality of implementation The evaluation report of the TANUVAS – To determine continued relevance of the has been accepted by the Ministry. The schemes. corrective steps suggested by the cvaluators A detailed discussion on the finding shall be followed by the implementing agency of Evaluation agency is going on. It will be for successful implementation of the project. finalized with the acceptance of all the Summary of findings/recommendations of stakeholders. evaluation done for schemes and also the National Institute of Animal Welfare need for restructuring/redesigning the (NIAW) is in initial stages of implementation schemes and independent evaluation would be The Ministry has appointed an premature at this stage. Independent Evaluation Agency to evaluate CPCSEA is a statutory committee set the following ongoing Animal Welfare up under the provision of Section 15 of Schemes Prevention of Cruelty to Animal Act, 1960, – Scheme for Provision of Ambulance Services and functions as a regulatory body. Since the to Animals Distress. functioning of this committee relates to registration of institute, inspection and – Scheme for Animal Birth Control & approval of animal house facilities and case Immunization of Stray Dogs. by case approval of proposal for use of – Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural animals in experimentation, independent Calamities and Unforeseen Circumstances. evaluation is not considered necessary.

100 Annual Report 2009-2010 CHAPTER – 3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

3

101 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) provides for exemption of biomass based power plants up to fifteen MW, power plants Environment Impact Assessment Notification based on non hazardous municipal solid 2006 wastes and power plants based on waste The rapid industrial development in heat recovery boilers without using auxiliary the country has increased manifold, the fuel. chances of adversely affecting the environment Environmental Clearance to Developmental unless timely, adequate, corrective and Projects protective mitigative measures are taken to minimize or neutralize those adverse impacts As per the provisions of the EIA on environment. The Ministry of Environment Notification 2006, several meetings of the and Forests has used Environment Impact Expert Appraisal Committees were convened Assessment Notification 2006 as a tool to by the Ministry during the year for appraisal regulate rapid industrial development of the of “A” category projects from sectors of country for minimizing the adverse impact on industry, thermal power, infrastructure, river environment and reversing the trends which valley, mining and “B” category projects from may lead to climate change in long run. construction sector where State Environment Impact Assessment Authority has not been In the re-engineered Environment constituted. As part of appraisal process the Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of Expert Appraisal Committees also visited September 2006, projects were categorized project sites for obtaining first hand into category ‘A’ and category ‘B’ depending information about the ground level realities on their threshold capacity and likely pollution and response of people living in the vicinity. potential and were appraised for prior The environmental clearance was accorded environmental clearance at the Central and to five hundred forty eight projects and Term the State level respectively. Further the of Reference (TOR) to six hundred twenty four notification provided for screening, scoping, projects (up to December, 2009). Table-15 public consultation and appraisal. For gives sectorwise list of environmental appraisal of category ‘B’ projects and clearances and TOR issued to the projects by activities, State Level Environment Impact the Ministry. Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) and State Constitution of State Environment Impact Expert Appraisal Committees (SEACs) have Assessment Authorities (SEIAA) been constituted. The Ministry has constituted so far Amended EIA Notification 2009 twenty three State/UT level Environment With a view to further simplify the Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) under procedure for obtaining the environmental sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Environment clearance without compromising or diluting (Protection) Act, 1986 for appraisal of all ‘B’ the regulatory framework, the EIA notification category projects and activities notified in has been amended in December, 2009. The the EIA Notification 2006. During the year amended EIA Notification of December, 2009 SEIAA for Chandigarh UT has been

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Table-15. Status of Environment Clearance and TOR issued to Developmental Projects (April 2009- December 2009) Status of Sectors Projects Industry Thermal River Mining Infrastructure Construction Total Valley & and Miscellaneous Industrial Estate EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR Cleared 322 299 30 53 10 39 77 143 57 84 52 6 548 624 Pending 65 169 30 47 26 – 81 70 53 1 33 1 288 288 Rejected/ 16 2 40 Nil 2 60 Returned Note: EC – Environment Clearance, TOR – Terms of Reference constituted. Table-16 gives complete list of Consequent upon the constitution of SEIAA’s constituted in the States/UTs till date. SEIAAs, the Ministry had transferred ‘B’

Table-16. Constitution of State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs)

S. No. Name of States / UTs Date of Notification

1 West Bengal 13.4.2007 2 Meghalaya 23.7.2007 3 Karnataka 11.6.2007 4 Gujarat 12.6.2007 3 5 Andhra Pradesh 5.7.2007 6 Uttar Pradesh 12.7.2007 7 Daman, Diu & Nagar Haveli * 11.10.2007 8 Himachal Pradesh 11.11.2007 9 Punjab 19.11.2007 10 Puducherry 13.12.2007 11 Madhya Pradesh 8.1.2008 12 Jammu & Kashmir 8.1.2008 13 Chhattisgarh 29.1.2008 14 Tamil Nadu 3.3.2008 15 Arunanchal Pradesh 27.3.2008 16 Maharashtra 21.4.2008 17 Haryana 21.4.2008 18 Rajasthan 30.7.2008 19 Delhi 30.7.2008 20 Uttarakhand 22.9. 2008 21 Orissa 18.11.2008 22 Sikkim 8.7.2008 23 Chandigarh (UT) 21.8.2009

* One SEIAA constituted for two UTs

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Fig-25. A panoramic view of Gangotri category projects pertaining to all the sectors contemplated under the Environment to the respective SEIAAs for their consideration (Protection) Act, 1986 for violation of for prior environmental clearance. The twenty environmental clearance conditions. A three State level Environment Impact procedure has been laid down for issuing Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) accorded showcause notice, closure of industry etc. in environmental clearance to seven hundred September 2009 which is placed on the fifty nine projects in the year 2009 (up to website of the Ministry. December 2009). Interaction Meeting with SEIAA’s Post Project Monitoring of Environment Two interaction meetings with the Clearance Conditions stakeholders were organized in the year Monitoring of projects with respect to 2009-10 at Guwahati and Chandigarh to conditions stipulated in the environmental discuss various issues pertaining to clearance issued under EIA Notification 2006 procedures and difficulties faced by the and Coastal Regulation Zone 1991 is carried SEIAA’s. out through the six Regional Offices. The Preparation of EIA-Sector Specific Manuals monitoring report is scrutinized in the Ministry and on that basis appropriate action is The Ministry of Environment and

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Forests is in the process of preparation of Accredition of the EIA consultants with Quality thirty seven EIA manuals on sector specific Council of India (QCI)/National Accredition developmental projects, which are listed in Board of Education and Training (NABET) the Schedule to the EIA Notification 2006. The Environmental Appraisal of The MoEF had uploaded Model TORs Development Projects is undertaken as per prepared for twenty of these sectors on the MoEF website inviting comments of various the provisions of the Environment Impact stakeholders involved in the environmental Assessment Notification, 2006 based on the clearance (EC) process consisting of EIA/EMP Reports prepared by the project Screening, Scoping, Public Consultation and proponents in assistance with their Appraisal of projects for the purpose of Consultants. The good quality EIA Reports granting and expediting environmental are pre-requisite for improved decision clearance received under the Environment making. Therefore, all the Consultants/ Public Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification 2006. Sector Undertakings (PSUs) working in the These draft Manuals would serve as Guidance area of Environment Impact Assessment are Manuals to various Sector specific Expert required to get themselves registered under Appraisal Committees at the Centre and to the scheme of Accredition and Registration State/UT Environment Impact Assessment of the National Accredition Board of Authorities (SEIAAs) and State Level Expert Education and Training (NABET) and the Appraisal Committees (SEACs) in the various Quality Council of India (QCI) by 30th June, States, who have been assigned the task of 2010. No EIA/EMP Reports prepared by such 3 screening, scooping and appraisal of projects Consultants who are not registered with of various sectors for grant of environmental NABET/QCI shall be considered by the clearance. The Manuals on each Sector would Ministry after 30th June, 2010. After help in standardization of the quality of accredition, the Consultants would need to appraisal and in reducing inconsistencies in include a certificate in this regard in EIA/ appraisal of projects by EACs/SEACs/SEIAAs EMP Reports prepared by them and data in granting ECs for similar projects at the Central and State level. The Manuals for each provided by other Organisations/ sector also include Model TORs, technological Laboratories including their status of approvals options, processes for a cleaner production, etc. The EIA Consultants are advised to see waste minimization, monitoring of further clarification on the subject through the environmental quality, related regulations, and website of NABET/QCI (www.qcin.org) procedure of obtaining EC if linked to other Coastal Management Zone (CMZ) clearances for eg., CRZ, etc. The job of Notification, 2008 preparation of Manuals for thirty seven Sectors listed in the Schedule has been given to two The Ministry had issued the draft institutions, namely Administrative Staff Coastal Management Zone (CMZ) College of India (ASCI) and IL&FSS Ecosmart Notification, 2008 under Environment Ltd. Draft Final Manuals of fifteen Sectors have (Protection) Act, 1986 inviting comments from been prepared so far. the public. On the draft CMZ Notification

105 Ministry of Environment & Forests large number of comments was received. To fishermen communities, (iv) introduce examine these comments the Ministry regulations to manage the proliferation of constituted a four member Committee under ports along the coasts, (v) tighter standards the chairmanship of Prof. M.S. Swaminathan for disposal of effluents in to coastal waters, on 15th June, 2009. The Committee submitted (vi) new management regimes for Andaman, its report on 15th July, 2009 after holding Nicobar and lakshdweep Islands, (vii) include detailed discussions with the concerned the seaward side to insure protection from stakeholders. The major recommendations of current and future threats, (viii) measures to the Committee included, (i) to let the draft strengthen research and regulatory capacity, Coastal Management Zone Notification, (ix) introduce policies keeping in view the 2008 lapse, (ii) stringent implementation of future dangers from sea level rise and increased vulnerability of the coasts. the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991 and use of space technology –enabled The Ministry has accepted the enforcement of the provisions of the recommendations of the Report and initiated notification, (iii) enhance protection of steps for implementing the same. Further, the

Fig-26. Protection structure to prevent coastal erosion

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Ministry has also held consultations with the projects has been drafted for further necessary fishermen communities at Mumbai, Goa and approvals. Chennai. Further, consultations in other States Ecologically Sensitive Areas will be held between January to March 2010. Based on the discussions and taking in to Introduction account the recommendations of the Prof. M.S. Environmentally Sensitive Zones may Swaminathan Committee as indicated above, be defined as areas with identified the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification will environmental resources having be further strengthened. “Incomparable Values” which require special attention for their conservation. The Ministry Integrated Coastal Management Zone (ICMZ) has already notified ecologically-sensitive project of World Bank areas in respect of Matheran, Mahableshwar- An Integrated Coastal Zone Management Panchgani, Doon Valley, Taj Trapezium, (ICZM) project of World Bank has been Numaligarh, Aravalli and Dhanu Taluka under initiated with financial assistance from the the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Zonal World Bank which has following three major Master Plan / Area Development Plan for all components: notified / to be notified environmentally sensitive areas would be prepared by the (i) Vulnerability and Ecologically Sensitive concerned State Governments as per the Area Mapping; provisions of the said respective draft (ii) National Institute Building and Capacity notifications involving local communities / 3 Strengthening; experts and got approved by the Ministry for regulating development activities and (iii) Development and Implementation of State protection and conservation of Entities of Level approaches to Integrated Coastal Incomparable Values. Monitoring Committees Zone Management on pilot scale in the with representatives of Government, Experts States of Gujarat, West Bengal and and local representatives as per the Orissa. notifications would be constituted to ensure The project is under implementation compliance of approved Zonal Master Plans/ and studies have been initiated relating to Area Development Plan. Methodology for mapping and delineation Objectives of ecologically sensitive areas, management effectiveness of coastal zone environmental a) In order to conserve and enhance these projects etc. The project preparation facilities resources, without impending legitimate have been established at MoEF and in the socio-economic development of these areas, the following actions will be taken: three States where pilot studies have been initiated. The project is at present in Project - Identify and give legal status to Preparation Facility mode under which Environmentally Sensitive Zones in Detailed Report for each of the component the country having environmental have been prepared. EFC Memo for the above entities with “Incomparable values”

107 Ministry of Environment & Forests

requiring special conservation National Park, Kalesar Wildlife efforts. Sanctuary, Khol Hi Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary, Bir Shikargarh Wildlife - Formulate development plans for Sanctuary, Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, these zones on a specific basis, with Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, adequate participation by the local Abubshaher Wildlife Sanctuary, communities. Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary and - Create local institutions with Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary have been adequate participation for the published in the Gazette of India. Haryana environmental management of such State Government and local stakeholders areas, to ensure adherence to the have been made aware of the Notification. approved area development plans, – Areas around National Parks / Sanctuaries which should be prepared in inAssam are considered for the declaration consultation with the local as Eco-Sensitive Zones and the Draft communities. Notifications in respect of Kaziranga b) Adopt “best practice” norms for National Park, Bordoibam Beelmukh Bird infrastructure construction in mountain Sanctuary and Panidehing Wildlife regions to avoid or minimize damage to Sanctuary are in process. sensitive ecosystems and despoiling of – Areas around Nationa Parks / Sanctuaries landscapes. in Gujarat are considered for the Programmes / achievements made during the declaration as Eco-Sensitive Zones and the year Draft Notification in respect of Girnar – The Final Notification to declare Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, Narayan Sarovar (Rajasthan) as Eco-Sensitive Zone has been Sanctuary, Purna Wildlife Sanctuary are in published in the Gazette of India. The process. Monitoring Committee has been constituted – Pachmari (Madhya Pradesh) is in various for the same. stages of being notified as Eco-Sensitive – Areas around National Parks / Sanctuaries Zone. in Haryana are considered for the – Monitoring Committees for Matheran and declaration as Eco-Sensitive Zones and the Mahabaleshwar–Panchgani have been Draft Notifications in respect of Kalesar reconstituted.

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4

CHAPTER – 4 ABATEMENT OF POLLUTION

109 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Control of Pollution Progress of Activities Undertaken under various programmes is as follows: Introduction Control of Air Pollution The concern for environmental quality has become the top most issue in the present – The air pollution and the resultant air quality scenario of rising population increasing can be attributed to emissions from urbanization, industrial and vehicular transportation, i.e. road, rail and airways, industrial and domestic activities. The air pollution as well as pollution of water quality has been, therefore, an issue of courses due to discharge of effluents without social concern in the backdrop of various conforming to the environmental norms and developmental activities. The norms for standards. Realising this trend of pollution ambient air quality have been revisited and in various environmental media like air, various industry specific emissions water, soil, etc. the Ministry earlier adopted standards are evolved afresh or revisited Policy for Abatement of Pollution in 1992, and notified from time to time. For control which provides multi-pronged strategies in of air pollution, with a view to initiate policy the form of regulations, legislation, measures and to prepare ambient air agreements, fiscal incentives and other quality management plans, three hundred measures to prevent and abate pollution. sixty five ambient air quality monitoring To give effect to various measures and stations are operational covering one policies for pollution control, various steps hundred forty one cities/towns in twenty have been initiated which, include stringent six States and five Union Territories. regulations, development of environmental Presently, only the criteria pollutants namely; standards & periodical revision therein, sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxides control of vehicular pollution, control of air (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM10 ) & water pollution, spatial environmental are monitored by the Pollution Control planning, identification of critically polluted Boards, Pollution Control Committees, Universities and Research Institutes. Besides, areas and improvement plans therein, etc. additional parameters for other toxic trace The Government also adopted National matters and polycyclic aromatic Conservation Strategy, 1992 and Policy hydrocarbons are also being monitored in Statement on Environment and selected cities of the country. Installation of Development, 1992. Afterwards, the automatic air quality monitoring stations is Government adopted the National undertaken for twenty nine cities for Environment Policy (NEP- 2006) which seeks continuous monitoring. Out of which the to extend the coverage, and fill in gaps that continuous monitoring has been introduced still exists, in light of present knowledge in thirteen cities namely; Agra, Kanpur, and accumulated experience. This policy Varanasi, Lucknow, Mumbai, Bangalore, does not displace, but builds on the earlier Howrah, Durgapur, Haldia, Kolkata, Pune, policies of the Government. It lays emphasis Solapur and Hyderabad, so far apart from on many new issues. Delhi. Twenty three manual monitoring

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stations have been added in the network enunciated an Auto Fuel Policy which aims during the 2009-10. to comprehensively and holistically address – The monitored ambient air quality data the issues of vehicular emissions, vehicular while comparing with revised (NAAQS) technologies and auto fuel quality in a cost- indicates that the annual average levels of efficient manner while ensuring the security of fuel supply. The Government has also Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) are within the prescribed air quality norms in all cities published Gazette Notification vide G.S.R. th and that of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) are 84(E) on 9 February 2009 for introducing within norms in most of the cities. However, Bharat Stage IV and III norms, as

the levels of fine particulate matter (PM10) applicable, for new vehicles in selected exceed the prescribed norms in many cities cities. The Policy objectives include ensuring including Delhi. sustainable, safe, affordable and Assistance for Abatement of Pollution uninterrupted supply of auto fuels; optimum utilization of infrastructure for import of – Under this scheme, grants are being crude and crude products, processing and provided to the State Pollution Control Boards/UT Pollution Control Committees, production, and the storage and Environment Departments, Central/State transportation; assessing the future trends Research Institutes, and other government in emissions and air quality requirements agencies/organizations with the aim of from view point of public health; adopting strengthening their technical capabilities to such vehicular emission standards that will 4 achieve the objectives of the Policy be able to make a decisive impact on air Statement. Assistance is also provided to quality etc. The Policy provides for a road North Eastern Pollution Control Boards & map for reduction in vehicular emission Pollution Control Committees as salary norms for new vehicles as well as for support for the technical staff. In addition, reduction of pollution from in-use vehicles. support is also extended for undertaking It also sets standards for quality of fuel and projects for Abatement of Pollution. other kits. The road map for new vehicles – During the 11th Plan period, financial outlay given in Table -17. is to the tune of Rs. 45.00 crore and the Source Apportionment Studies financial allocation for the current financial year is Rs. 5.00 crore. – Due to multiplicity and complexity of air polluting sources, apportionment of – Financial assistance has been extended to contribution to ambient air pollution from fifteen State Pollution Control Boards/UT these sources is important for planning cost Pollution Control Committees during the effective pollution control strategies. In view financial year. of this, a study on “Air Quality Assessment, Auto Fuel Policy Emission Inventory/Source Apportionment – The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas Studies for Indian Cities” has been (MoP & NG), Government of India has undertaken by the Government.

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Table-17. New Auto Fuel Policy Coverage Passenger Cars, light commercial vehicles & 2/3 wheelers heavy duty diesel vehicles Entire country Bharat Stage II (Euro II equivalent) Bharat Stage III – Euro III 01.04.2005 equivalent – Bharat Stage III (Euro III equivalent) 1.4.2010 01.04.2010 Eleven major cities Bharat Stage II (Euro II equivalent) (Delhi/NCR, Mumbai, 01.04.2003 Kolkata, Chennai, Bharat Stage III (Euro III equivalent) Bengaluru, 01.04.2005 Hyderabad, Bharat Stage IV (Euro IV equivalent) Ahmedabad, Pune, 01.04.2010 Surat, Kanpur & Agra) (except for vehicles holding Inter-State permits or National Permits or All India Tourist permits)

– To evaluate contribution from various Committee under the chairmanship of sources to air quality, Source Apportionment Secretary (E&F) has been constituted. In Study (SAS) has been completed for six order to provide technical assistance and cities namely; Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, guidance during data collection, use of Mumbai, Pune and Kanpur involving the appropriate model etc. a Technical institutions like National Environmental Committee has also been constituted under Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), the chairmanship of Chairman, CPCB and Nagpur, The Energy and Resources Institute members drawn from various technical (TERI), New Delhi, Indian Institute of institutions and organizations. Technology (IIT), Chennai, Automotive – An interim report of the study has been Research Association of India (ARAI), Pune submitted to the Government. The final draft and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), report is under international peer review Kanpur. The objective frame work for before submission to Government. Source Apportionment Study included Development of Environmental preparation of emission inventory, emission Standards profile, monitoring of ambient air quality, assessment of data and its authentication – Environmental Standards refer both to the acceptable levels of specified environmental and source apportionment of RSPM (PM10) quality parameters at different categories using factor analysis and receptor modeling of locations i.e. ‘ambient standards’ as well etc. Application of Chemical Mass Balance as permissible levels of discharge of (CMB-8) Receptor model and ISC dispersion specified waste streams by different classes model, have been used in the study. of activities i.e. ‘effluent standards’ and – For appraisal and guidance during the discharges of gaseous pollutants i.e. survey and study, a National level Steering emission standards.

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– Environmental standards cannot be – Rubber product Industry; universal, and each country should set – Grain processing Industry; standards in terms of its national priorities, policy objectives, and resources, as stated – Iron Ore Mines; and in the National Environmental Policy, 2006. – Copper and Zinc Smelters. These standards, may, of course, vary (in The source specific environmental standards general, become more stringent) as a have been notified for following industry/ country develops, and has greater access process have been notified during the year to technologies and financial resources for environmental management. Within the Effluent & Emission Standards country different States, UTs and local – Cashew Seed Processing Unit bodies may adopt stricter standards, based (01.01.2010) on local considerations. Emission Standards – In order to abate pollution from various – Brick Kilns (22.07.2009) sources, Ministry notifies general as well as industry specific emission and effluent – Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU) in Petroleum standards for various categories of Oil Refinery (21.08.2009) industries under the Environment (Protection) – Plaster of Paris Industry (05.02.2010) Rules, 1986 as per procedure specified in Effluent Standards the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986. 4 Based on development of new pollution – Pharmaceutical Industry (09.07.2009) control technologies and their feasibility, – Hotel Industry (04.11.2009) these standards are reviewed from time to time and new ones are notified. The Government has also published a notification on the Revised National Ambient – All the notified Standards have been loaded Air Quality Standards, 2009 in the official on the website of this Ministry in a separate Gazette on 16th November, 2009. These sub-head ‘Environmental Standards” under ambient air quality standards/ limits provide ‘Legislation’ head. During the year, a legal framework for the control of air Environmental Standards in respect of pollution and the protection of public health. following category of industries have been The previously existing National evolved and are being finalized for Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) notification: were notified for seven parameters i.e., – Incinerator Plants in Organic Chemicals Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Manufacturing units; Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM), Sulphur Dioxide (S0 ), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO ), – Petrochemical Plants; 2 x Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3) and – Incinerator plants for Dye and Dye Lead (Pb). The review of the previous NAAQS Intermediately units; and inclusion of new parameters was

113 Ministry of Environment & Forests undertaken by the CPCB in association with Noise Pollution the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The – Noise levels have been a matter of concern proposal for revision in NAAQS was due to various activities, religious functions, deliberated upon extensively. These revised festivals, marriages, processions and standards include initiatives that have been related celebrations. The main sources of developed in consonance with global best noise pollution include industrial activities, practices and in keeping with the latest use of public address system, construction advancements in technology and research. activities, use of generator sets, pressure Some of the salient features include: horns, fire crackers etc. Keeping in view – Area classification based on land-use has the increasing trend in noise levels, Ministry been done away with so that industrial has issued various regulations from time to areas have to conform to the same time to control noise pollution in ambient standards as residential areas. air, at source and at manufacturing stage. – The standards shall be applicable uniformly To control community noise, Noise Pollution with the exception of stringent standards (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 were notified in February, 2000. for NO2 and SO2 in the Ecologically Sensitive Areas. – In Civil Writ Petition No. 72 of 1998 – The previous standards for residential area regarding noise pollution-implementation of have been uniformly applied for fine laws for retracting use of loudspeakers and particulate matter (PM10), Carbon high volume producing sound system, fire Monoxide and Ammonia. More stringent crackers etc, the Hon’ble Supreme Court in its judgement of July, 2005 and October, limits for Lead, SO2 and have been prescribed even for residential areas. 2005 has given detailed directions regarding implementation of laws for – Suspended particulate matter (SPM) as controlling noise. parameter has been replaced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) which is more – In pursuance of the judgments and to collect relevant for public health. bench mark data, all the regulatory agencies of the State Government/Union – Other new parameters, such as, Ozone Territories are being regularly advised to Arsenic, Nickel, Benzene and Benzo(a) comply with stipulated norms and to draw Pyrene (BaP) have been included for the an Action Plan for ensuring the compliance first time under NAAQS based on CPCB/ of the directions of Hon’ble Court. The IIT research, World Health Organisation concerned agencies are regularly advised guidelines and EU limits and practices. to strengthen/establish environmental cells In furtherance of these Standards, the at the State and district levels to check noise CPCB is in the process of creating a road- pollution an also to undertake surveys in map for the generation and maintenance of major cities specially before and after the required monitoring infrastructure and for the festivals to ensure compliance. A monitoring development of protocols. protocol for noise level and ambient air

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monitoring especially during Deepawali – Similarly, the occupant of a private festival was developed in 2008 with the place would restrict the volume of music help of CPCB and ambient noise and air system, etc so that noise emitting from quality monitoring has been undertaken by its activity would not cause exceedance SPCBs, PCCs and CPCB across the country of noise limit more than 5 dB (A), as during Deepawali- 2009 in accordance applicable. with the said protocol. – A duty has been cast upon the concerned – In pursuance of the aforesaid judgments of State Governments to specify in advance, July 2005 and October 2005, draft rules the number and particular of days on have been published vide G.S.R. 158(e) which two hours exemption (10.00 pm on 9th March, 2009 for inviting public to 12.00 midnight) would be operative. suggestion(s) within sixty days so as to State would be the unit for such an amend existing Noise Pollution (Regulation exemption. and Control) Rules, 2009. Objections and – Noise emitting construction equipment suggestions were received from twenty two have been specifically brought under the individuals, NGOs, resident welfare ambit of Noise Rules, 2000. associations and Government Departments. The said objections and suggestions have The CPCB has been advised for been considered by the Government revisiting the national ambient noise standards and prepare a blue print to have national through an expert committee under the 4 Chairmanship of Prof. S.P.Gautam, ambient noise monitoring network in place. Chairman, CPCB. The final amendments to A beginning to monitor ambient noise would the Noise Rules, 2000 have been published be made during 2010-11, i.e. XI Plan in in the official Gazette on 11th January, accordance with NEP-2006. 2010. The salient features of this Charter on Corporate Responsibility amendmend are: for Environmental Protection (CREP) – The stress has been laid to make the – After a series of industry specific interaction night peaceful. The night time has been meetings, the Charter on Corporate defined (10.00 pm to 6.00 am) and Responsibility for Environmental Protection restrictions have been imposed on the (CREP) was adopted in March, 2003 for use of horns, sound emitting construction seventeen categories of polluting industries equipments and bursting of fire crackers and it is a road map for progressive during night time. improvement in environmental – Public place has been defined and the management. occupant of a public place would restrict – For effective implementation of the Charter, the volume of public address system, etc eight taskforces comprising experts and so that noise emitting from its activity members from institutions and industry would not exceed the noise limit more associations were constituted. Three of them than 10 dB (A), as applicable. in respect of Thermal Power, Steel Sector

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and Petroleum Oil Refinery have been aggregated CEPI scores of eighty and above reconstituted in 2009-10. These task forces have been considered as alarmingly are meeting regularly to monitor and to polluted industrial clusters, the industrial provide guidance to the industries for clusters having aggregated CEPI scores of adopting necessary pollution abatement seventy to eighty have been considered as measures. critically polluted industrial clusters, the Comprehensive Environmental industrial clusters having aggregated CEPI Pollution Index (CEPI) for Industrial scores of sixty to seventy have been Clusters considered as seriously polluted and industrial clusters having aggregated CEPI The Ministry of Environment & Forests scores of fifty to sixty fall in the warning (MoEF) has adopted a Comprehensive zone. These areas need further detailed Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) system investigations in terms of the extent of of environmental assessment of the eighty damage and formulation of appropriate eight Industrial Clusters, evolved by the remedial action plan. Central Pollution Control Board in collaboration with the IIT, Delhi (Table-18). On the CEPI scale, forty three industrial CEPI may be used as a tool in synthesizing clusters (CEPI scores > 70) out of eighty eight the available information on environmental industrial clusters have been identified to be status of areas by using quantitative criteria critically polluted areas and Action Plans are and its ability to reduce complex information being prepared for forty three industrial into smaller and more easily retained clusters on priority basis. The effective information. CEPI could help in determining implementation of the remedial action plan the effectiveness and comparing alternative will help in abatement of pollution and to plans and policies and assists environmental restore the environmental quality of these decision-makers in initiating appropriate industrial clusters. measures in grading polluted industrial clusters. An increasing value of CEPI A Workshop was also organised on indicates severe adverse environmental December 24, 2009 on “Comprehensive decision-makers in initiating appropriate Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) for measures in grading polluted industrial Industrial Clusters”. About two hundred clusters. An increasing value of CEPI participants from SPCBs/ PCCs, MoEF, CPCB, indicates severe adverse effects on Scientific/ Technical institutions, NGOs, environment as well as an indication of a Industries Associations and Print & Electronic large proportion of population experiencing Media participated in the Workshop. The health hazards. The present CEPI system is Hon’ble Minister released the two books intended to be used as an early warning entitled “Criteria for Comprehensive tool for categorizing industrial clusters/ Environmental Assessment of Industrial areas in terms of the severity of the overall Clusters” and “Comprehensive Environmental pollution levels. On a scale of zero to one Assessment of Industrial Clusters” and also hundred, the industrial clusters having addressed the participants.

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Table-18. The CEPI scores for industrial areas/clusters descending order

S.No. Industrial Cluster/Area Air Water Land CEPI 1. Ankleshwar (Gujarat) 72.00 72.75 75.75 88.50 Ac_Wc_Lc 2. Vapi (Gujarat) 74.00 74.50 72.00 88.09 Ac_Wc_Lc 3. Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) 68.50 75.25 71.50 87.37 Ac_Wc_Lc 4. Chandrapur (Maharashtra) 70.75 67.50 66.50 83.88 Ac_Wc_Lc 5. Kobra (Chhattisgarh) 67.00 57.00 72.50 83.00 Ac_Ws_Lc 6. Bhiwadi (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.91 Ac_Wc_Ls 7. Angul Talcher (Orissa) 64.00 69.00 65.75 82.09 Ac_Wc_Lc 8. Vellore (North Arcot) (Tamil 69.25 65.25 62.50 81.79 Ac_Wc_Lc Nadu) 9. Singrauli (Uttar Pradesh) 70.50 64.00 59.50 81.73 Ac_Wc_Ls 10. Ludhiana (Punjab) 68.00 66.00 64.75 81.66 Ac_Wc_Lc 11. Nazafgarh drain basin 52.13 69.00 65.25 79.54 As_Wc_Lc (including Anand Parvat, Naraina, Okhla and Wazirpur), Delhi 12. Noida (Uttar Pradesh) 65.75 64.00 60.00 78.90 Ac_Wc_Lc 13. (Jharkhand) 64.50 59.00 65.50 78.63 Ac_Ws_Lc 14. Dombivalli (Maharashtra) 66.00 63.50 57.50 78.41 Ac_Wc_Ls 4 15. Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) 66.00 63.50 56.00 78.09 Ac_Wc_Ls 16. Cuddalore (Tamil Nadu) 54.00 65.25 64.00 77.45 As_Wc_Lc 17. Aurangabad (Maharashtra) 64.75 60.50 59.50 77.44 Ac_Wc_Ls 18. Faridabad (Haryana) 63.50 59.00 62.75 77.07 Ac_Ws_Lc 19. Agra (Uttar Pradesh) 59.00 63.75 59.50 76.48 As_Wc_Ls 20. Manali (Tamil Nadu) 64.00 59.00 58.00 76.32 Ac_Ws_Ls 21. Haldia (West Bengal) 53.75 64.50 57.00 75.43 As_Wc_Ls 22. Ahmedabad (Gujarat) 62.75 58.00 58.00 75.28 Ac_Ws_Ls 23. Jodhpur (Rajasthan) 52.00 65.50 54.00 75.19 As_Wc_Ls 24. Cochin, Greater (Kerala) 57.00 64.00 54.00 75.08 As_Wc_Ls 25. Mandi Gobind Garh 62.00 55.50 62.00 75.08 Ac_Ws_Lc (Punjab) 26. Howrah (West Bengal) 57.00 54.50 63.50 74.84 As_Ws_Lc 27. Vatva (Gujarat) 60.00 62.00 56.00 74.77 Ac_Wc_Ls 28. Ib Valley (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 59.00 74.00 Ac_Ws_Ls 29. Varanasi - Mirzapur (Uttar 58.00 62.00 53.50 73.79 As_Wc_Ls Pradesh) 30. Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra) 61.00 59.00 55.50 73.77 Ac_Ws_Ls 31. Pali (Rajasthan) 52.00 64.00 52.00 73.68 As_Wc_Ls

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S.No. Industrial Cluster/Area Air Water Land CEPI 32. Manglore (Karnataka) 61.75 57.75 54.00 73.34 Ac_Ws_Ls 33. Jharsuguda (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 56.00 72.38 Ac_Ws_Ls 34. Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) 62.25 58.75 45.50 72.33 Ac_Ws_Ln 35. Bhadravati (Karnataka) 62.75 56.50 45.50 72.01 Ac_Ws_Ln 36. Tarapur (Maharashtra) 60.75 56.00 51.25 71.91 Ac_Ws_Ls 37. (Haryana) 55.75 56.50 59.00 71.26 As_Ws_Ls 38. Indore (Madhya Pradesh) 59.00 57.50 52.00 70.99 As_Ws_Ls 39. Bhavnagar (Gujarat) 54.50 57.50 57.75 As_Ws_Ls 40. Vishakhapatnam (Andhra 57.00 57.50 55.00 70.82 As_Ws_Ls Pradesh) 41. Junagarh (Gujarat) 53.25 52.50 59.50 70.82 As_Ws_Ls 42. Asansole (West Bengal) 58.38 56.25 50.50 70.20 As_Ws_Ls 43. 44. Paradeep (Orissa) 54.00 58.50 48.00 69.26 As_Ws_Ln 45. Nashik (Maharashtra) 55.00 57.50 50.25 69.25 As_Ws_Ls 46. Chembur (Maharashtra) 59.75 50.75 46.00 69.19 As_Ws_Ln 47. Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) 56.00 54.50 54.50 69.07 As_Ws_Ls 48. Kala Amb (Himachal 56.75 54.50 51.00 68.77 As_Ws_Ls Pradesh) 49. Dewas (Madhya Pradesh) 51.50 57.50 51.50 68.77 As_Ws_Ls 50. Batala (Punjab) 51.00 56.50 54.50 68.59 As_Ws_Ls 51. Tirupur (Tamil Nadu) 56.75. 50.75 53.00 68.38 As_Ws_Ls 52. Durgapur (West Bengal) 49.50 58.50 47.50 68.26 An_Ws_Ln 53. Raichur (Karnataka) 59.75 46.50 44.50 68.07 As_Wn_Ln 54. Bidar (Karnataka) 58.75 49.00 44.00 67.64 As_Wn_Ln 55. Singhbhum, West (Bihar) 55.50 51.50 51.50 67.30 As_Ws_Ls 56. (Tamil Nadu) 46.00 58.00 46.50 66.98 An_Ws_Ln 57. Vadodara (Gujarat) 57.00 48.00 48.00 66.91 As_Wn_Ln 58. (Rajasthan) 55.00 52.00 50.50 66.82 As_Ws_Ls 59. Rajkot (Gujarat) 45.50 54.50 55.50 66.76 An_Ws_Ls 60. Nagda – Ratlam (Madhya 44.50 54.50 56.00 66.67 An_Ws_Ls Pradesh) 61. Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) 55.75 55.50 42.00 66.06 As_Ws_Ln 62. Pimpari-Chinchwad 55.25 52.50 46.00 66.06 As_Ws_Ln (Maharashtra) 63. Raipur (Chhattisgarh) 56.50 42.00 49.00 65.45 As_Wn_Ln 64. Saraikela (Jharkhand) 50.50 49.00 54.00 65.38 As_Wn_Ls

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S.No. Industrial Cluster/Area Air Water Land CEPI 65. Ramgarh (Jharkhand) 44.00 53.00 54.50 65.11 An_Ws_Ls 66. Pinia (Karnataka) 56.75 46.00 42.00 65.11 As_Wn_Ln 67. Pitampur (Madhya Pradesh) 47.75 54.00 50.50 65.09 An_Ws_Ls 68. Jalandhar (Punjab) 52.00 52.00 52.00 64.98 As_Ws_Ls 69. Moradabad (Uttar Pradesh) 54.00 49.00 47.50 64.71 As_Wn_Ln 70. Bada Jamtara (Jharkhand) 48.00 52.50 52.50 64.47 An_Ws_Ls 71. Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh) 53.00 48.00 48.00 63.83 As_Wn_Ln 72. Parwanoo (Himachal 53.00 47.50 48.50 63.83 As_Wn_Ln Pradesh) 73. Haridwar (Uttarakhand) 51.75 48.00 40.00 61.01 As_Wn_Ln 74. Vijaywada (Andhra Pradesh) 52.00 41.50 43.00 60.57 As_Wn_Ln 75. Ferozabad (Uttar Pradesh) 49.00 47.00 47.75 60.51 An_Wn_Ln 76. Mathura (Uttar Pradesh) 48.00 48.00 48.00 59.98 An_Wn_Ln 77. Meerut (Uttar Pradesh) 50.00 47.50 39.50 59.38 As_Wn_Ln 78. (Tamil Nadu) 47.38 47.25 43.50 58.19 An_Wn_Ln 79. Surat (Gujarat) 46.00 46.75 45.50 57.90 An_Wn_Ln 80. Kathedan (Andhra Pradesh) 44.50 47.00 45.50 57.73 An_Wn_Ln 81. Kukatpalli (Andhra Pradesh) 41.50 47.00 43.50 56.56 An_Wn_Ln 4 82. Hajipur (Bihar) 43.50 44.00 44.50 55.12 An_Wn_Ln 83. Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) 45.88 38.50 42.00 54.63 An_Wn_Ln 84. Udhamsingh Nagar 44.00 41.25 44.25 54.37 An_Wn_Ln (Uttarakhand) 85. Bhillai – Durg (Chhattisgarh) 44.00 35.00 33.50 50.57 An_Wn_Ln 86. Bulandsahar –Khurza (Uttar 42.00 33.50 36.50 49.09 An_Wn_Ln Pradesh) 87. Burnihat (Assam) 39.00 34.50 34.50 46.26 An_Wn_Ln 88. Digboi (Assam) 32.00 32.75 38.00 44.55 An_Wn_Ln

Recognition of Environmental requirements an environmental laboratory Laboratories under Environment requires to be provided with all the (Protection) Act, 1986 necessary instruments and equipments as also expertise and capability of its staff for – The successful implementation of environmental protection programmes monitoring all groups of parameters including water, air, noise, hazardous essentially requires to identify and quantify waste, soil, sludge etc. the pollution sources and pollutants, conduct baseline survey, lay down standards and – For effective implementation of environment build-up monitoring systems. To meet these protection programmes there is an

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inescapable need for an efficient and – On the whole, through these revised reliable institutional arrangement and guidelines, an attempt has been made to facilities for survey, identification, bring in synergy in requirements between quantification and systems for monitoring. the three Environmental Acts, viz the Water In this context, the role of an environmental (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, laboratory assumes paramount importance 1974, the Air (Prevention and Control of and significance especially for the Pollution) Act 1981 and the Environment assessment of the status of environment and (Protection) Act, 1986. Under the provisions its components and can facilitate effectively of Section 12 and 13 of E(P)Act, 1986, in prevention and control of pollution. The the private laboratories are considered by Ministry has been implementing a the Ministry of Environment & Forests programme for recognition of environmental (MoEF) for recognition. laboratories with the aim of increasing – The revised guidelines have been facilities for analysis of environmental operationalised. The Expert Committee on samples. Labs is meeting once every month to discuss Revision of Guidelines for Evaluation and all the cases of Government and Private Recognition of Environmental Laboratories Sector Labs. under E (P) A, 1986. – During the year ten private laboratories – The extant guidelines (1994-95) for were considered for recognition under establishment and recognition of the E(P)Act, 1986. laboratories have been revised and Common Effluent Treatment Plants procedures streamlined. The revision had (CETPs) become necessary as the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 has been – The concept of the Common Effluent strengthened over the years with the Treatment Plants (CETP) arose in order to enactments of various rules and notifications make a co-operative movement for pollution there under. Further, environmental control. The main objective of the CETPs standards have been formulated for various is to reduce the treatment cost to be borne parameters in different industrial sectors. by an individual member unit to a minimum The guidelines for recognition of while protecting the water environment to environmental laboratories under E(P)A a maximum. Wastewater treatment and 1986 have been revised by the Ministry water conservation are the prime objectives with emphasis laid on quality assurance of the CETP. The concept of CETPs was and quality control aspects The revised envisaged to treat the effluent emanating guidelines have been placed on the website from the clusters of compatible small - scale of Ministry (www.envfor.nic.in) for wider industries. It was also envisaged that burden circulation. The revised guidelines (June of various Government authorities working 2008) are a definite improvement in the for controlling pollution and monitoring of content and the procedures for recognition water pollution could be reduced once the of the environmental laboratories. CETPs are implemented and commissioned.

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– A Centrally Sponsored Scheme has been during the IX Five Year Plan, ten projects undertaken by the Government for enabling were approved by the Government to be the small scale industries (SSI) to set up implemented by the State Government of new and upgrade the existing Common Uttar Pradesh. Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) to cover all – The Ministry has sponsored a post- the States in the country. A scheme for evaluation study for completed projects financial assistance for the CETPs has been through the National Environmental formulated as follows: Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), – State subsidy – 25% of the total project Nagpur for ascertaining the improvement cost; in environmental status of the area. The revised report of the study by NEERI is – Central subsidy – 25% of the total project under examination. cost; Eco-cities – Entrepreneurs contribution – 20% of the total project cost; – The Eco-cities Project aims at improving the existing environment and at changing those – Loan from financial institutions – 30% of aspects that are causing environment the total project cost; damage. The focus of the project includes (e.g., IDBI, ICICI or any other protection of environmental resources like nationalized banks, State Industrial water bodies, forests etc., improving Financial Corporation etc.) infrastructure and sanitary conditions in the 4 – During this year, an allocation of Rs. 4.97 towns and creating aesthetic environs. crore was made for providing financial – The Eco-cities Programme was initiated to assistance to the on-going CETP projects bring in visible environmental improvement and for new projects. Financial assistance in the small and medium towns. The was provided for the ongoing projects following towns were taken under first namely, Mahad, Waluj in Maharashtra. phase of Eco-cities programme to bring in Nacharam in Andhra Pradesh, and visible environmental improvement: Palsana, Pandesara in Gujarat. – Vrindavan (Uttar Pradesh) Taj Protection Mission – Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh) – In pursuance of the Hon’ble Supreme – Puri (Orissa) Court’s Order, projects for environmental protection of World Heritage Site of Taj – Ujjain (Madhya Pradesh) Mahal were initiated and funded by the – Kottayam (Kerala) Ministry. The Planning Commission – Thanjavour (Tamil Nadu) approved Rs.600 crore on a 50:50 cost sharing basis with the State Government – An Expert Committee has been constituted to implement various schemes in the Taj for the identification of the projects and Trapezium Zone for environmental approval of Environmental Developed Plan protection of the . In the first phase (EDP) and Detailed Projects Reports. The

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project in Kottayam is aimed at rejuvenating – Environmental Audit; Mundar River and Kacherikadavu Boat Jetty – Environmental Management; and Canal that have severe siltation and pollution problems. The Project in Ujjain is – Environmental Statistics & Mapping. aimed at improvement around Mahakal Environmental Authorities Temple and cleaning of Rudra Sagar lake, which is highly silted and polluted with Environment Pollution (Prevention Control) sewage. While the project in Vrindavan Authority for the National Capital Region aims at improvement of historic core of the – The Environment Pollution (Prevention and town located around Rangnath Temple, the Control) Authority (EPCA) for National project in Tirupati is for improvement of Capital Region was constituted under sub- storm water drains in the northern, southern section (3) of Section 3 of the Environment and western side of the Gobind Raja Protection Act, 1986 on January 29, 1998 Swamy Temple. Similarly, Project in Puri is vide S.O. No. 93(E) dated January 29, to improve around Jagannath Temple, 1998 under the chairmanship of Sh. Bhure renovation of three of the religious ponds, Lai. The tenure of the EPCA was extended shifting of garages and automobile workshop and improvement of existing solid from time to time, and at present extended th waste disposal facility. In towns, upto 28 Jan. 2010 vide S.O. 1839 (E) th the activity on ‘Renovation of old tanks’ dated 27 July 2009. has been proposed to be taken up to protect – The issues considered by the Authority presently used and potentially useable include environment related matters aquifers from further degradation and to covering vehicular pollution control, sewage facilitates the rainwater harvesting system. treatment and assessment of operations and – The Eco-city Programme has been continued handing over of Common Effluent Treatment during the Eleventh Five Year Plan Period Plants (CETPs) in NCR to the concerned with inclusion of three more towns/cities societies, monitoring of action plans for namely, Chanderi (M.P.) Sawai Madhopur improvement of air quality in seven metro (Rajasthan) and Darjeeling (W.B.). The cities etc. and in addition, the matters concerned Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and referred to it by Hon’ble Supreme Court in the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) its various Judgments. have been asked to take further necessary action for implementation of various projects – EPCA is reporting the compliance status under this programme. and special tasks assigned to it to the Hon’ble Supreme Court from time to time. Industrial Pollution Abatement through Preventive Strategies National Environment Appellate Authority Four important activities are going on (NEAA) under this sub-scheme The National Environment Appellate – Waste Minimization for small & medium Authority (NEAA) was establish under the scale industries; National Environment Appellate Authority Act,

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1997 (22 of 1997) to hear appeals in regard – During the year an amount of Rs.204.00 to restriction of areas in which any industries, crore were collected by SPCBs/PCCs and operations or class of industries, operations or Rs.81.80 crore were reimbursed to different process shall not be carried out or shall be SPCBs and PCCs by the Central carried out subject to certain safeguards under Government. the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and for Fly Ash Utilization matter connected therein or accidental thereto. Fly ash is the finely divided mineral Loss of Ecology (Prevention and payments of residue resulting from the combustion of Compensation) Authority for the State of Tamil ground powdered coal in electric generating Nadu plant. Fly ash consists of inorganic matter In compliance with the Hon’ble present in the coal that has been fused during Supreme Court’s order dated August 28, coal combustion. The fast increasing demand 1998 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 914 of 1991 of power coupled with its dependence on viz. Veliore Citizen’s Welfare Forum versus coal for at least 2/3rd of its energy requirement Union of India and Others, the Ministry is generating large volume of fly ash. constituted the Loss of Ecology (Prevention Generation of about forty million tonnes fly and Payments of Compensation) Authority for ash during 1994 increased to about one the State of Tamil Nadu under the hundred million tonne/year by 2001 and Chairmanship of a retired Judge of madras one hundred and thirty million tonne in 2007. High Court vide notification SO 671 (E) dated The projections made by Planning Commission 4 September 30, 1996, to deal with the as well as Ministry of Power upto 2031-32 situation created by the tanneries and other indicate that 2/3rd of power generation in pollution industries in Tamil Nadu. The tenure the country would continue to depend on coal. of the authority has been extended up to The annual generation of fly ash is expected December 28, 2010 vide Notification SO. to be around one hundred seventy five million 3317 (E) dated 31.12.2009 tonne by end of XIth Five Year Plan Period, two hundred twenty five million tonne by end Water Cess of XIIth Five Year Plan Period and around five – Water Cess is levied on water consumed hundred million tonne by 2031-32. by persons carrying on certain industries The first Fly Ash Notification was issued and local authorities with a view to augment by Ministry of Environment & Forests in the resources of Central Pollution Control September 1999 to regulate the disposal of Board (CPCB), State Pollution Control fly ash and ensure its proper utilization. A Boards (SPCB) and Pollution Control second Notification making amendments was Committees in UTs for the prevention and issued in August, 2003. control of water pollution. The proceeds of the Cess levied are first credited to the The implementation of this Notification Consolidated Fund of India and after that since 1999 resulted in steady increase in the the Central Government makes available utilization of flyash. However, the utilization the proceeds to SPCBs and PCCs. has not reached to 100%. Therefore, certain

123 Ministry of Environment & Forests additional measures were required to further construction agencies engaged in the promote and facilitate its use. construction of buildings have been made responsible for use of only fly ash based Objectives products for construction. – To protect environment – The minimum fly ash content for building – To conserve top soil material / products to qualify as “fly ash – To prevent dumping of fly ash from Thermal based products” category has been Power Stations on land stipulated. – To promote utilization of ash in the – Use of certain minimum percentage of fly manufacture of building materials and ash for stowing of underground mines and construction activity backfilling of opencast mines has been made mandatory. Progress and achievements made during the – All Coal / Lignite based thermal power year plants have been allowed to sell fly ash to The Fly Ash Utilisation Notification was the user agencies except the pond ash and issued by Ministry of Environment and Forests mound ash which should be made available in September 1999 to regulate the disposal free of cost. of fly ash and ensure its proper utilization. – In addition, at least 20% of dry ESP fly ash Restriction was imposed to the extent that all should also be made available free of brick kilns within the radius of fifty kilometers charge to the fly ash or clay fly ash bricks, from coal/lignite based thermal power plants tiles & blocks manufacturers on priority should use 25% fly-ash while making the basis. bricks. The same was issued as per the orders of the Hon’ble High Court of Delhi in – Fly ash utilization targets for thermal power September, 1999. A second Notification plants / expansion of plants commissioned making amendments was issued in August, before and after issue of this notification, 2003 increasing the radium from the thermal have been stipulated. power plants to 100 kms. – A Monitoring committee to monitor the The Ministry has issued the amendment implementation of the provisions of notification No. S.O. 2804(E) dated the notification and submit its 03.11.09 to amend the existing fly ash recommendations / observations every six notification of 1999 as amended in the year months has been proposed. 2003. The main amendments proposed in – All the Financial institutions and agencies the notification include the following: which fund construction activities shall include a clause in their loan / grant – The clay brick manufacturers have been document for compliance of the provisions excluded from the purview of this of this notification. notification, as they are usually in the unorganized sector and the utilization of All the State Governments have been fly ash by them is not significant. The made aware of the draft Amendment

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Notification and further instructed to sensitise citizen’s. Human beings are at the centre of all concerned with the said draft notification. concerns for sustainable development. They are entitled to a healthy and productive life Environmental Health in harmony with nature. Introduction Objectives The urban environmental degradation, In order to protect the human health through lack of (or inappropriate) waste from the impacts of pollutants, efforts may be treatment and sanitation, industry and made to co-relate the manifestations of various transport related pollution, adversely impacts diseases with the environmental factors air, water, and soil quality, and differentially especially respiratory diseases & cardio- impacts the health of the urban poor. This, vascular diseases contracted due to exposure in turn, affects their capability to seek and to various pollutants. As such, the long term retain employment, attend school, and studies (cohort studies) to find out any co- enhances gender inequalities, all of which relationship between the dose and the perpetuate poverty. response would be useful for evolving the It is increasingly evident that poor strategies for the protection of human health. environmental quality has adversely affected The key benefit will help in evolving human health. Environmental factors are strategies for health risk reduction. It will also estimated as being responsible in some cases strengthen the comprehensive approach to for nearly 20 percent of the burden of disease the environmental health management plans, 4 in India, and a number of environment-health which would be a systematic approach to factors are closely linked with dimensions of estimate the burden of disease and injury poverty (e.g. malnutrition, lack of access to due to different environmental pollutants. clean energy and water). It has been shown that interventions such as reducing indoor air Development & Promotion of Clean pollution, protecting sources of safe drinking Technology water, protecting soil from contamination, Introduction and objectives improved sanitation measures, and better Clean Technologies, as distinct from public health governance, offer tremendous “end-of- pipe” abatement technologies opportunities in reducing the incidence of a minimize the generation of waste streams in number of critical health problems. the production processes and utilize waste The National Environment Policy is a from other consumption goods and production response to our national commitment to a processes, rather than treating the waste after clean environment, mandated in the generation. In general, clean technologies Constitution in Articles 48 A and 51 A (g), are less intensive in use of raw materials and strengthened by judicial interpretation of energy, than conventional technologies, which Article 21. It is recognized that maintaining rely on pollution abatement after generation. a healthy environment is not the State’s For this reason, they may also offer significant responsibility alone, but also that of every cost advantages to the producer.

125 Ministry of Environment & Forests

“Adoption of cleaner technologies and National Environmental Engineering cleaner production strategies is considered Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur. to provide a balance between Development – “Design and Development of Computer & Environment through economic benefits by Numerical Controlled Eco- friendly Welding way of increased resource efficiency, Machine” by Annamalai University, innovation and reduced cost for environmental management”. A grant-in-aid Scheme on Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu. Development and Promotion of Clean – “Environment Pollution Control in Agro- Technologies was initiated in 1994 with the based Paper Industry by implementation of following objectives:- Lignin Precipitation System (LPS) – Development & Promotion of Cleaner Technology” by ABC Papers, Hoshiarpur Technologies. and Punjab Pollution Control Board, Patiala. – Development of Tools and Techniques for Progress made during the year Pollution Prevention. – Under the grant-in-aid scheme on – Formulation of Sustainable Development Development & Promotion of Clean Strategies Technology nine projects continued during Activities undertaken and completed the period and their progress was monitored through Monitoring Committee, Since the inception of the scheme in followed by Workshops and Field Visits. 1994, activities undertaken include (i) Carrying Capacity Studies in various parts – Seventh meeting of the Evaluation and of the country namely Greater Kochi Region, Monitoring Committee was held under the Doon Valley, Damodar River Basin, Tapi Chairmanship of Prof. L. Kannan in July, Estuary and National Capital Region (NCR); 2009. The Committee has recommended (ii) Natural Resource Accounting Studies for five projects for funding. These are as Upper Basin; (iii) Life Cycle follows: Assessment (LCA) Studies in Thermal Power Achievements in the current financial year Plants, Steel, Pulp and Paper and Cement (from cradle to gate). 2nd phase of the project Three projects have been completed. i.e. gate to grave is continuing during the These are: current financial year (iv) Other pollution – “Development of Adhesive from Bio- prevention, waste utilisation and management material”, IPIRTI, Bangalore. studies. – “Development of Natural Dyes from Forest Three Demonstration projects Wastes”, ICFRE, Dehradun. mentioned below are at final stage and are likely to be completed during the current – “Recycling of Marble Slurry, Udaipur”, financial year. Rajasthan, IES, Delhi. – “Development of Air Pollution Control Findings of the above projects have Package for Small Scale Lime Kilns by been sent to Central Pollution Control Board,

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Delhi and other organisations for resin was developed and extended with implementation. mimosa wattle tannin for the manufacture of plywood. This development yielded a cheaper Brief summary of completed projects adhesive and also could bond veneers of Development of Adhesive from Bio-material higher moisture content which conforms to by IPIRTI, Bangalore boiling water proof grade. Use of high The project was sponsored by the moisture content veneers for bonding veneer Ministry to Indian Plywood Industries Research results in saving energy requirement for & Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bangalore, for drying. Both the glue formulations have been development of bio-adhesive for use in the found to be environment friendly. Since these manufacture of plywood drawn from bio constituent in the glue i.e. lignin and tannin biological materials like tannin from tree bark, replace phenol in the phenol formaldehyde cashew nut shell, liquid and lignin obtained resins the use of these wood adhesives, will from black liquor, wastes generated by Pulp reduce use of petro product – phenol whose and Paper Industry. Lignin and Tannin are price fluctuate over the year. two products obtained from tree. Both the These technologies have been products have certain characteristics similar successfully demonstrated in plywood factories to phenol. These properties of lignin and for the manufacture of highest grade of tannin have been utilized to develop bio plywood and the products have been found adhesives in which phenol has been replaced to meet BIS specification. partly in phenol formaldehyde resin. Bio 4 adhesives so prepared have been successfully utilized in the manufacture of higher grade plywood. Although lignin reacts well with formaldehyde in combination with phenol but the rate of reaction and molecular nature of the resultant polymer differs in physical properties. In the present investigations, the industrial black liquor obtained from different sources was fractionated by membrane separations and were used in development of phenolic resins by partial replacement of phenol. Tannin is tree bark extract mostly used for converting skin into leather. Tannin contains phenolic unit which react with formaldehyde to polymerize into resin. Mimosa wattle tannin has been used in preparation of tannin formaldehyde resin for making particle board and also plywood fast curing mechanism of Fig-27. Ultra filtration for molecular fractionation tannin, a low condensed phenol formaldehyde of lignin in black liquor

127 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Development of Natural Dyes from Forest of the dyed fabrics were also determined Wastes by FRI, Dehra Dun and comparable with the synthetic dyes. . The Ministry of Environment and Recycling of Marble Slurry Waste for Forests has jointly sponsored a project Environmental Improvement by IES, Delhi Development of Natural Dyes from Forest The Indian Environment Society (IES), Wastes the Forest Research Institute, Dehra New Delhi has implemented a pilot project Dun. The objectives of the project are Erection on Recycling of Marble Slurry by setting-up of a pilot plant for the isolation of natural dye a pilot plant at RICCO industrial Area at from Eucalyptus hybrid (leaves and bark), Amberi, Udaipur. The aim of the project is Populus deltoides (bark), Cassia tora (seeds), to demonstrate the use of slurry as resource Pinus roxburghii (needles) and Lantana and not waste. Marble is nothing but is camara (leaves). Use of synthetic dyes involves release of large amounts of hazardous Calcium Oxide (CaO), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Silicate Oxide (SiO , Ferric Oxide chemicals during their production and 2) (Fe O and Lithium Oxide (LiO) etc. the subsequent use. With the environmentally 2 3) benign products becoming a top priority in chemical composition of the marble varies recent years, dye industry has turned its from place to place. attention to newer products, which cater to The Society has set-up one brick fashion trends as well as to environmental making units at Kota while one at Udaipur. specifications. Global annual demand of These units were given practical training to natural dyes is presently estimated to be about use the slurry into bricks and tiles 10, 000 tons per annum. Thus prospecting manufacturing. The granite slurry is used at for natural dyes was an urgent felt need. Pilot Kota for making bricks. The IES developed plant for extraction of natural dye was a machine of brick making in the first phase designed, erected and commissioned in 2004 of the demonstration project. This machine at Chemistry Division, Forest Research Institute was modified from the present brick making Dehradun to process 20-40 Kg of raw machine to meet the requirement of the slurry material. Laboratory processes were scaled bricks. The bricks so produced were tested at the pilot scale and yield of the dye was at various compositions of cement, sand and -Eucalyptus hybrid (leaves, 13.7% and bark marble slurry. Ultimately a ratio of all the 4.60%), Populus deltoides bark (6.5%), Pinus three were evolved which is 1:2:10,. After roxburghii dry needles (10.7%), Lantana the bricks are produced, it has to go on to camara leaves (15.3%) and Cassia tora seeds water treatment at three stages. Ultimately (6.0%). Dyeing methods have been the bricks are drieds in a shade to avoid sun standardized for dyeing of different fabrics, for at least two weeks. e.g., cotton, silk, wool with these dyes. A number of fascinating shades were developed The bricks so produced from the slurry on different fabrics using common mordants were sent to Central Building Research like alum, salt of iron, tin and chrome. The Institute, Roorkee for testing the quality, color fastness properties and CIE Lab values strength and water holding capacity. The

128 Annual Report 2009-2010 institute found these bricks as an excellent achieve waste minimization but excludes construction material and a viable option to procurement of equipment and hardware. replace the traditional bricks. The results have – Establishing and running Waste shown that the bricks produced from the Minimization Circles (WMCs) in clusters of Marble Slurry Waste are much better in Small & Medium Industries. quality, having more comprehensive strength and less water absorption capacity. The cost – Capacity building in the area of Waste of the Marble Slurry is also comparable to Minimization/Cleaner Production through the traditional bricks. The bricks produced training. from Marble Slurry require less cement (40%) – Waste Minimization demonstration studies for plaster and can be used as decorative in selected industrial sectors. bricks also. The Society has also developed different verities of tiles from the slurry and – Preparation of sector specific technical this could another use of Marble Slurry Waste manuals on waste reduction, reuse and recycling. Industrial Pollution Abatement through Preventive Strategies (Waste – Awareness programmes and preparation Minimisation for Small & Medium of compendium of success stories on cleaner Industries) production/waste minimization Introduction and objectives Activities undertaken and completed The policy statement for abatement of The National Productivity Council 4 pollution lays emphasis on preventive aspects (NPC), New Delhi coordinates the activities of pollution abatement and promotion of pertaining to Waste Minimisation Circles technical inputs to reduce industrial pollution. (WMCs) through facilitators designated by One of the simplest preventive strategies is it, training and awareness activities by NPC to minimize the waste in production of itself as well as through Development products and goods. The main objective of Commissioner, Small Scale Industries (DC, waste minimization is to optimize the SSI)., NPC has trained one hundred sixty eight consumption of raw materials and also reduce participants in one hundred sixty two waste generation by adopting production organisations through WMC facilitator techniques which are cleaner in nature and Training programmes. NPC has also prepared which can be adopted by the existing units compendium of success stories in this area without necessarily changing the production for mass awareness and have also brought processes or unit operations. The approach out through Centre or State level organizations to the problem is towards utilizing the existing or Consultants. production facilities in an optimal manner. Additional Activities undertaken in the Scheme The objectives of the scheme are following: – Waste Minimization Circles – To assist the primary small units and some medium scale units who do not have access – Synergies would be drawn with other to the requisite technical expertise to grant-in-aid schemes of this Ministry of

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Environment & Forests, like demonstration – Developing Awareness Material on Waste projects, Clean Technology, etc. Minimization : In order to sustain various – Mass dissemination of results of the Waste Minimization efforts and to provide studies in the area of waste minimization a continuing impetus to the programme, in industrial clusters across the country continued publicity and dissemination of through electronic and print media. the waste minimization activities is also proposed to be included in the scheme. – Sensitization of financial institutions like SIDBI, etc. through meetings and – The sector specific training manuals and consultations for easy uptake of WM a compendium of success stories solutions by SMIs. prepared by NPC are utilized in the dissemination of the findings and these – Waste Minimization Demonstration are also made available in the NPC Projects : As vast majority of the Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) in the country are website. In addition to these, the site still unaware of the benefits of waste specific problems of some of the sectors minimization and resource conservation are discussed during the training and its potential. The proposed activities programmes. would support the demonstration projects – Fifteen ongoing demonstration projects in designated industrial sectors. In order to continued during the year 2009-10. spread geographically, it would be desirable to use the network of facilitators/ Progress made during the year capacity that is already built through Waste Under the grant-in-aid scheme on Minimization Circles. “Abatement of Pollution through Preventive – Capacity Building on Waste Strategies (Waste Minimisation)” eleven Minimization : The ongoing initiative needs projects continued during the period and their to be regularly reviewed and strengthened progress was monitored through Monitoring by developing and implementing new Committee. These projects are as under: strategies for waste minimization. The – Waste Minimization Studies in Small Scale training programmes are integral part of Industries in Balanagar Industrial Area, the activity, in which the participating Hyderabad. organizations facilitate in conducting such programmes. These training programmes – Waste Minimization Studies in Small Scale need to be taken forward for a multiplier Industries – Textile Sector in Nandigaon effect. Therefore, the current scheme shall Village, Kothur Mahboobnagar Distt., support the following additional Andhra Pradesh. components namely: – Waste Minimization in small Scale – “Training of the Trainer” programs on Industries – WMC Extension – Phase II. Waste Minimization – Waste Minimization, Environmental Audit – National and Regional Waste and Management System for the Industries minimization Awareness Workshops and Regulatory Agencies.

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– Minimization of Environmental impacts of – “Production of bioelectricity from sludge Slaughter House Wastes by Value Addition and domestic wastewater using microbial as Pet Foods. fuel cell” by , Kolkata. – Demonstration of Waste Minimization in – “Waste Minimisation in Moradabad Basic Chrome Manufacturing Unit. Brassware Cluster” by The Energy – Clean Technology for Waste Minimization Resources Institute, New Delhi. from Nutraceutical Industry. Besides the above, the Ministry of – Waste Minimisation study in Electroplating Environment and Forests has sponsored a Operation in Imitation Jewellry Unit project on Waste Minimisation in Small Scale Machilipatnam, Krishna Distt. Andhra Industries to National Productivity Council Pradesh. under the Waste Minimisation Policy Framework. The third phase of the project – “Biological Liquefaction of Waste Fleshing has been initiated since July 2007. As on and Treatment with Tannery Effluent for date under Phases I, II, and III combined, a Biogas Generation in Single Reactor”. total of one hundred fifty three WMCs have – Enhancing the Environmental Performance been established across India addressing and Competitiveness of Vegetable Oil Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) from Industry in Andhra Pradesh – Waste over sixty industrial sectors located in sixty Minimisation (WM) Assessment, industrial clusters/townships across seventeen Demonstration of WM Measures, and states. 4 Training”. – Catalysed Group efforts (within and among – Waste Minimisation in Small Scale industry associations) for WM Industries. – Demand creation for more WMCs The seventh meeting of the Evaluation – Engendering a new plan for networking and Monitoring Committee has recommended etc. where research institutions, SPCBs, four projects for financial assistance. These LPCs, private consulting firms and industry/ are as follows: firms, interacted through the WMC – “Derivation of Engine Fuel from Waste Framework sponsored by MoEF / World Plastic and its Performance Evaluation” by Bank and executed by NPC towards laying the Department of Mechanical Engineering, a strong and firm foundation for a WM Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar movement. (TN) Environmental Benefits achieved from the – “Waste Minimisation through co- Project composting of on and off-farm wastes for sustainable crop productivity and soil – Reduction in water health” by Department of Soil Science and consumption : 10-35% Agriculture Chemistry, Annamalai – Reduction in electricity University, Annamalainagar. consumption : 15-20%

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– Reduction in fossil fuel The Central Pollution Control Board consumption : 10-20% also co-ordinates enforcement and – Reduction in raw material use : 10-20% implementation of Rules framed under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 with – Reduction in waste water State Pollution Control Boards / Pollution generation : 10-30% Control Committees. It also provides support – Reduction in Air Emissions to various committees and authorities (GHG) : 5-10% constituted by the Government of India such – Reduction in solid waste as The Environmental Pollution (Prevention and generation : 5-20% Control) Authority for the National Capital Region. – Yield improvement : 2-5% Activities undertaken so far Central Pollution Control Board • Coordinating activities of State Pollution Introduction and objectives Control Board for prevention and control The Central Pollution Control Board of pollution; (CPCB) performs functions as laid down under • Development of industry specific national the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) minimal effluent and emission standards; Act, 1974, and The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. It is • Development of industry specific responsible for planning and executing environmental guidelines and comprehensive nationwide programmes for comprehensive documents; the prevention and control of water and air • Development of charter/requirements for pollution, for advising the Central Government Corporate Responsibility for Environmental on matters concerning prevention and control Protection (CREP) for seventeen major of water and air pollution and for coordinating polluting industrial sectors and monitoring activities of State Pollution Control Boards / its implementation through eight task forces Pollution Control Committees besides and steering committees; providing technical assistance & guidance to them. • Action plans for improvement of environment in eighty eight critically The Central Pollution Control Board has polluted areas and monitoring progress; been playing a vital role in abatement and control of pollution in the country by • Action plans for improvement of air quality generating environmental quality data, in sixteen polluted cities and monitoring providing scientific information, rendering progress; technical inputs for formulating national • National water quality monitoring and policies and programmes, training and publishing annual water quality reports; development of manpower and organizing activities for promoting awareness at different • National ambient air quality monitoring and levels of the Government and public at large. publishing annual water quality reports;

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• Carrying out and sponsoring research and water pollution. Ash disposal and its activities relevant to environment protection; utilization has also been assessed. • Publishing material relevant to environment CPCB has conducted a study on protection; development of guidelines and code of practice for control of fugitive emissions from Progress / achievements made during the year coal and flyash storage and transfer points in thermal power plants. The study is an Development of industry / waste specific advance stage of completion. standards and guidelines Reduction of Green House Gas Emission from Petrochemical Industry : CPCB undertook a Cement Plants : The study on “Assessment of study to develop national emission standard green house gas emission from cement plants” for petrochemical manufacturing units (basic has been initiated in association with M/s C and intermediate products), the proposed P Consultants Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. The study emission standards were finalized by Expert will monitor the C02 emission from cement Committee on 27.02.2009. plants and will suggest various measures for Petroleum Oil Refineries : A proposal for reduction of green house gas emission. revision of load based standards for Sulphur Cement manufacturing industry sector Recovery Units (SRU) in oil refineries has been is one of the major air polluting industry sectors forwarded to Ministry of Environment & in the country. There are about one hundred Forests (MoEF) for notification. thirty cement plants in the country with the 4 Sulphuric Acid Plant : Revised emission production capacity of one hundred ninety standards have been have been linked to eight MTPA. A study on “Development of production capacities for existing & new units. COINDS on cement plants” has been They have been notified on May 07, 2008 undertaken in association with National vide G.S.R. 344(E) in Schedule-I under the Council for Cement and Building Materials, Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. . Sponge Iron Plants : A document entitled Soda Ash Industries : Soda Ash industries ‘Comprehensive Industry Document on are located in the western coast in Gujarat. Sponge Iron Plans’ under COINDS series was A study by National Institute of published. The Standards were notified by Oceanography (NIO), Goa to assess the Ministry of Environment & Forests vide effect of discharge of effluent from Soda Notification No. G.S.R. 414(E), dated the Ash industries in the coastal area was 30th May 2008 in the Gazette of India undertaken. The findings of the Expert Committee are under finalization. Thermal power plants : A study for coal/ lignite based thermal power plants was Electric Arc & Induction Furnaces : A study completed, it also includes the latest on ‘Development of Environment Standards development in the field, pollution potential and Good Practices for Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) and Induction Furnace (IF)’ has been (particulate matter. SO2 and NOx emissions)

133 Ministry of Environment & Forests undertaken by CPCB, the report is under reviewed and revised and submitted to evaluation. MoEF for notification. Mercury Management in Fluorescent Lamp Dye and Dye Intermediate Industry : Dyes Sector : CPCB has prepared guidelines for and dye intermediates sector is vital in Indian the study on Mercury Management in chemical industry, as the sector accounts for Fluorescent Lamp sector. An Inter-Ministerial more than half of the total export value of Group has been formed by MoEF for Indian chemical industry. Revision of effluent effective mercury management and standards as well as development of emission implementation. standards for this sector has been taken up in association with National Chemical Pulp & Paper Industry : Some selected pulp Laboratory, Pune and paper mills were surveyed for the study on options for black liquor management of: Environmental Research Activities Chemical Recovery System & Lignin Testing and validation of BOD Separation Technology. BIOSENSOR : A study for testing and Odour Control is a priority agenda validation of BOD biosensor based on for all the large integrated pulp & paper mills microbial mixed culture for rapid BOD using kraft pulping process after inclusion in determination in wastewater was undertaken. the Corporate Responsibility for Environment The BOD measurement takes considerable Protection (CREP). time i.e. three days at 27° C or 5 days at 20°C as well as consumes more energy. To Electroplating Units : Electroplating activities overcome these constraints, attempts were mostly operate in the small scale industry (SSI) made to carry out the test with in short period, sector. CPCB has constituted a National Task through the technique using BIO-SENSOR Force to study environmental issues of this probes. The CPCB has developed a BIO- sector. SENSOR and instrument for rapid BOD test Cashew Seed Processing Industry : A project in collaboration with Institute of Genomics & has been undertaken to study the entire Integrative Biology (IGIB), CSIR, Delhi. cashew nut processing industry sector in the Pilot Plant Study using Sludge - Reagent- country and suggest techno-economically Product (SRP) technology : An innovative feasible environmental standards. technology on the above has been developed Plaster of Paris (PoP) : A study on the above by CPCB for treatment of surface and GW. The study showed that eighty to ninety percent industry was undertaken, and the proposed of chemical coagulant (alum), could be standards for PoP have been approved by recovered from discarded alum-treated-sludge the Expert Committee of the MoEF. for recycling and reuse. Construction work Stone Crushers : Preparation of the above for 0.5 MLD pilot Water treatment plant, document has been completed. The emission based on SRP technology at Bhagirathi Water standards & guidelines for pollution Works (Delhi Jal Board), Yamuna Vihar, Delhi prevention from stone crushers have been is under progress.

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Elemental Analysis using ED-XRF Assessment of Phase Distribution of PCDDS Spectrophotometer : Energy Dispersive X-Ray & PCDFS in Ambient Air of Fluorescence (ED-XRF) Spectrometer Delhi : The dioxin - furan congeners have undertakes non-destructive elemental analysis been studied by numerous researchers to have in suspended particulate matter (SPM) a tendency to get distributed between particulate and vapor phase of the ambient fractions of PM10 and PM25 of ambient air. The instrument has been commissioned at air as well as stationary source emission. The CPCB, Delhi. National Reference Trace Organics Laboratory of CPCB has undertaken Groundwater (GW) Remediation in assessment of phase distribution of seventeen Kanpur : The pilot project on GW Remediation congeners (2,3,7,8 substituted congeners) executed by CPCB’s Zonal Office -Lucknow between particulates and vapor phase by was reviewed by the Asian Development Bank sampling of ambient air using PUF Samplers. Rain water profile at Agra city, Uttar Pradesh : Color Removal from Agro-based Pulp & Paper During the year, a series of rainwater samples Mill Effluent - pilot study : CPCB conducted (May to August 2008) were analyzed for a study on pilot scale for demonstration of pH, conductivity besides analyses of major electro-flocculation process for color removal cations (Ca, Mg, Na, Li, K, NH4) and anions from agro-based pulp & paper mill effluent.

(S04, N03, P04, Br, F, CI). The process was found technically feasible to Irrigation using treated effluent from paper remove color from all types of colored effluents 4 mills : A study on utilization of treated effluent generated from the industry reduction of lignin, COD, BOD and toxicity in terms of AOX and from paper mills for crop irrigation and its total solids. impact on crop productivity and soil health was conducted by CPCB. Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS) by Purge and Trap Pre- Monitoring of Pesticide Residues - inter Concentration Followed by Gas Ministerial Project : The project on monitoring Chromatograph - Mass Spectrophotometer of pesticide residues at national level has Analysis : VOCs are organic compounds been sponsored by the Department of that readily evaporate at normal air Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), Ministry temperature. Fuel oils, gasoline, industrial of Agriculture, New Delhi and the All India solvents, paints, and dyes are the major Network Project (AINP) on Pesticide Residues, sources of VOCs. The National Reference Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Trace Organics Laboratory (NRTOL) of Delhi and CPCB. It is an inter-ministerial CPCB has initiated the Standardization of scheme involving Ministry of Agriculture, methodology and assessment of levels of Ministry of Health, Ministry of Chemicals and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Fertilizers, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of surface water, drinking water and ground Environment and Forest and State Agricultural water by purge & trap sample pre- Universities. concentration followed by GC-MS analysis.

135 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Trihalomethanes (THMS) In Drinking Water Boards through Ministry of Environment & Sources in Bangalore (Karnataka) : The raw Forests for financial assistance for potable water for at Bangalore is obtained strengthening of laboratories have been from Arkavathi and Cauvery rivers. After reviewed and suggestions provided to make treatment / disinfection the treated water is the proposals comprehensive to facilitate supplied to distribution points viz. TG Halli, funding. TK Halli, Tavanakere and Tataguni. Potable Analytical Quality Control (AQC) for Central water samples were collected at the outlets and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) of these distribution points for further analysis, laboratories recognized under the E.P. Act whether Di-chlorobromomethane were present 1986 : The CPCB is monitoring a large in the samples. network of water quality monitoring stations Human Health Risk Assessment Studies in under GEMS, MINARS, GAP and YAP Asbestos based industries : Various products Programmes comprising rivers, lakes, wells, like asbestos-cement sheets, asbestos-cement and ground waters spread over twenty seven pipes, brake lining, asbestos ropes require states and six Union Territories through various asbestos as raw material. The CPCB has SPCB . In order to obtain reliable and accurate prepared a document on “Human Health Risk analytical data, CPCB is regularly conducting Assessment Studies in Asbestos based organized Analytical Quality Control (AQC) Industries in India” in collaboration with the exercise for laboratories of SPCBs / PCCs, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, recognized under The Environment (Protection) Lucknow. The report provides detailed Act, 1986. information on human risk of asbestos Laboratory Activities at CPCB’s Zonal Offices exposure and its health effects. (ZOs) : Zonal Office (Z.O.) laboratory at Laboratories Development Bangalore, Kolkata, Vadodara have highly Evaluation and Recognition of Environmental sophisticated instruments for analysis of various environmental parameters. laboratories under the Environment (Protection) Strengthening of the other ZOs laboratories Act, 1986 : Central Pollution Control Board in association with Ministry of Environment is underway. & Forests had developed Guidelines for Participation of CPCB Laboratories in Evaluation & Recognition of Environmental International Proficiency Testing (PT) Laboratories under Laboratory Analytical Programme conducted by New York State Technical Series: LATS/9/2005-2006, this Department of Health, USA document is posted both in the websites of In order to ensure analytical quality, CPCB and MoEF websites (cpcb.nic.in / the CPCB laboratories at HQs, Zonal Offices envfor.nic.in). at Kolkata and Lucknow participated in Strengthening of State Pollution Control Proficiency Testing Programme organized by Boards’ (SPCBs) Laboratories : The proposals New York State Dept. of Health, Wadsworth received from various State Pollution Control Centre, Environmental Laboratory Approval

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Programme, Albany New York for Proficiency some selected samples. Some major cations, Test of samples related with potable water anions and micro pollutants (toxic metals & chemistry, non potable water chemistry, solid POP’s) are also being analyzed once a year and hazardous waste, potable and non to keep a assess water quality over large potable water bacteriology. period of time. The water quality data are reported as CPCB publications as Water National Water Quality Monitoring Quality Status Year Book and is also displayed National Water Quality Monitoring in CPCB’s website. Programme (NWMP) Bio-monitoring is also carried out in The CPCB established a network of specific locations. water quality monitoring stations across the Water Quality of River Ganga country, the water quality monitoring network is being operated under a three-tier Water quality monitoring of the river programme viz. Ganga and its tributaries is carried out in the State (s) of Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar – Global Environmental Monitoring System and West Bengal at thirty nine locations by GEMS); CPCB’s North Zonal Office - Lucknow. – Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Water Quality Status of River Yamuna Resources System (MINARS) and The entire stretch of river Yamuna – Yamuna Action Plan (YAP). (1376 km) is being regularly monitored by 4 Presently the network comprises of one CPCB on an yearly frequency at twenty thousand two hundred forty five stations locations, quarterly frequency at three spread over the country in twenty seven States locations, while on a monthly frequency at and six Union Territories. Most of the sampling other locations. The water quality trend of the is done on either on a monthly or quarterly river during the last five years (2004-2008) basis for surface waters bodies and on half in terms of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Bio yearly basis for ground water quality. Out of chemical Oxygen demand (BOD), Total one thousand two hundred forty five stations Coliform (TC) and Faecal Coliform (FC) has six hundred ninety five are on rivers, eighty been analyzed. six on lakes, ninteen on drains, ninteen on Water Quality Trend canals, six tanks, twelve on creeks/seawater, The water quality monitoring data has twenty six ponds and three hundred eighty two been analyzed for biochemical oxygen are groundwater stations. Water quality of two demand (BOD) an indicator of organic matter hundred ninety three rivers in major, medium and for total coliform and faecal coliform and minor basins is observed in the country. which are indicators of pathogenic bacteria. Water samples are analyzed for twenty The water quality monitoring data obtained eight physico-chemical and bacteriological from various monitoring stations between parameters besides, nine trace metals and years 1995 to 2008 indicated that organic twenty eight pesticides are also analyzed for and bacterial contamination continue to be

137 Ministry of Environment & Forests critical in water bodies, particularly BOD was A study on the assessment of levels of observed to be very high at some locations polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDS) on major rivers / canals. and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFS) Water Quality of River Gomti in RSPM of ambient air at Delhi was carried out. The CPCB regularly monitors Respirable Gomti River, a tributary of the river Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) in Ganga contributes to about 15 % flow of ambient air of Delhi and at several locations Ganga. The average dry weather flow of this under the National Ambient Air Quality river is reported to be 1500 MLD, which Monitoring Programme (NAMP). From become as high as 55000 MLD during January 2008 the assessment of levels of monsoon season and as low as 500 MLD during the summer. Water quality of River dioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs) in Gomti was monitored in 2008 from Sitapur particulate phase of ambient air have been upto confluence with river Ganga. undertaken by analysis of RSPM collected on glass fibre filter papers from various NAMP National Air Quality Monitoring locations. National Air Quality Monitoring Emission Inventory and Source Apportionment Programme (NAMP) Studies for Indian Cities Central Pollution Control Board Under the project ‘Air Quality conducts ambient air quality monitoring under Assessment, Emission Inventory And Source the nation-wide National Air Quality Apportionment Studies For Indian Cities ‘ Monitoring Programme (NAMP) comprising of three hundred sixty five stations covering studies on development of emission factors one hundred forty one cities / towns in twenty for vehicles, and source emission profiles for six States and five Union Territories. Under vehicular as well as non-vehicular sources NAMP, four criteria air pollutants have been have been concluded. Source apportionment taken up for monitoring at all the locations: studies have been carried out at six major cities viz. Delhi (NEERI), Mumbai (NEERI), – Sulphur Dioxide (SO ), 2 Chennai (IITM), Bangalore (TERI), Pune (ARAI)

– Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Kanpur (IITK) for assessing contribution – Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and of different source categories in the ambient air quality and subsequent preparation of Air – Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter Quality Management Plan. The reports (RSPM / PM ) 10 comprise air quality monitoring results for three The monitoring under the NAMP is seasons. being carried by Central Pollution Control Revision of Ambient Air Quality Criteria / Board through its Zonal Offices, State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Standards Committees and National Environmental CPCB had taken up revision of existing Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), National Ambient Air Quality Criteria/ Nagpur. Standards in association with the Indian

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Institute of Technology, Kanpur (IITK). The draft notification of advanced Euro-IV equivalent revised standards have been finalized in the emission norms and commensurate fuel for 22nd meeting of the Peer & Core Committee, new vehicles to stricter exhaust emission held in CPCB. limits for in-use vehicles, augmentation of infrastructures for alternative fuels, mass Ambient Air Quality Trend at Tajmahal, transits and other urban planning and Agra management options. The implementation CPCB has been regularly monitoring of the road map as recommended by the ambient air quality at Agra at four locations Auto Fuel Policy of India has been continued since year 2002. Ambient air quality data for implementation. The Motor Vehicle Act, of Agra is also being submitted to Hon’ble 1988, and the Central Motor Vehicles Rules Supreme Court of India under Writ Petition (CMVR), 1989, are the principal instruments (C) No. 13381/1984 M.C. Mehta Vs Union for regulation of motor vehicular traffic / of India. emissions throughout the country. The salient control measures pertain to: Ambient Air Quality under Male Declaration – Mass Emission Standards A ambient air quality station under the project ‘Ambient Air Quality Monitoring – Fuel Quality Specifications At Port Canning, West Bengal Bordering Sewage Treatment Bangladesh Under Male Declaration’ at Port Canning, West Bengal is operational since Status of water supply, sewage (collection, 4 treatment and disposal) in Class-I Cities and September, 2004 which also has one Class-ll Towns meteorological station. CPCB is regularly monitoring RSPM, NO2 and SO2 for at CPCB has initiated a survey on status least ten days in a month. Analysis of the of water supply, sewage collection/treatment/ rainwater is also being regularly undertaken disposal and municipal solid waste (MSW) here. collection / processing /disposal in Class-I Cities and Class-ll Towns. Atmospheric Mixing Depth (SODAR) Observations at Delhi Survey and monitoring major drains in National Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi Sound Detection and Ranging System (SODAR) is in continuous operation at CPCB Twenty one major wastewater drains which measures the mixing height. The (outfalls) of NCT- Delhi are being monitored SODAR data collected in different months regularly by CPCB . on a monthly basis. Out during 2008-09 has been analysed. of twenty one drains, seventeen drains join river Yamuna, three join the Agra Canal and Mass emissions in vehicular pollution control one drain joins the canal. Najafgarh Automobile Pollution Control drain is the biggest drain followed by initiatives included enforcement of a variety Shahdara drain. These two drains together of control measures ranging from contribute about 58% and 75% of total BOD

139 Ministry of Environment & Forests load and total discharge of all the monitored MSW management. The estimated state-wise drains. MSW (generation and collection) in 2008 is given in Table-19. Performance of Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) Some of the technologies available for MSW – In Gujarat, there are twelve sewage treatment are: treatment plants located in Vadodara – Composting (three), Surat (six), Ahmedabad (two), – Vermin-composting Rajkot (one). In Maharashtra, there are twenty three STPs located in various cities. – Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) for utilizing in CPCB’s Zonal Office - Vadodara has power generation monitored nine STPs in Gujarat and two – Bio-methanation STPs in Maharashtra in 2008 - 09. – Landfill as a bio-reactor – The following STPs were monitored by CPBC’s Zonal Office Bhopal in Rajasthan The states of Gujarat, West Bengal, Goa, and M.P: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra have made satisfactory progress in – STP Jalmahal Road, Jaipur (October 20- management of MSW. 21, 2008) Plastic Waste – STP Delawas, Jaipur (October 20-21, 2008) Evaluation of Biodegradable Plastics – STP Kabitkhedi, Indore (March, 2009) A field survey cum study on “Establishment and Impact of Biodegradable Performance of Sewage Treatment Plants Plastics on Environment / Food” was (STPs) in U.P., Haryana and Delhi under conducted by CPCB in association with Yamuna Action Plan Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & CPCB regularly monitors four sewage Technology (CIPET) Chennai. In the study, treatment plants constructed under Yamuna more than ten units were visited by the study Action Plan (three STPs in Haryana State & team and samples such as poly bags, master one STP in Delhi) for their performance batches/additives were collected from various evaluation under National River Conservation hotels, restaurants, hospitals in and around Directorate project. Delhi and analysed. Municipal Solid Waste Co-processing of Plastic Wastes as fuel Status of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) supplement in Cement Kiln Management Keeping in view the problems CPCB carried surveys for thirty five associated with the disposal of plastic waste, metro cities and twenty four state capitals. CPCB initiated a study on “Co-processing of Waste segregation was not being done at plastic waste as supplement fuel in cement the source and this is a major handicap in kilns” in collaboration with the Indian Centre

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Table-19. State-wise MSW generation and collection

SI. States/UTs Total Towns % Waste MSW No. Collection Generation Efficiency (TPD) 1 Chandigarh 1 75 1389159 2 Gujarat 242 75 24588124 3 Maharashtra 378 70 55052207 5 West Bengal 375 70 27445574 6 Meghalaya 16 68 525243 7 Andhra Pradesh 210 65 25353613 8 Delhi 62 65 22526265 10 Punjab 157 65 10504627 12 Haryana 106 62 7530141 13 Madhya Pradesh 394 62 19347071 14 Uttar Pradesh 704 62 40281443 15 Himachal Pradesh 57 60 642275 16 Karnataka 270 60 22845629 17 Kerala 159 60 9983801 18 Rajasthan 222 60 15687050 19 Tamil Nadu 832 60 37167161 21 Pudducherry 6 56 994048 22 Assam 125 55 3794170 28 Orissa 138 55 6178866 4 31 Bihar 130 50 9408294 for Plastics in the Environment, Madhya 2008 - 09 are as follows (excludes Arunachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board at the ACC Pradesh and Lakshadweep): Ltd., Kymore Cement Works, Madhya i) Total No. of healthcare facilities Pradesh. : 97,662 Performance Study of Polymer Coated Roads ii) Total No. of beds : 12,57,695 CPCB in association with Thiagarajan College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu undertook iii) No. of Common Bio-medical a study on performance polymer coated roads Waste Treatment Facilities (CBWTF) : 170 i.e. use plastic wastes in laying roads. iv) Total No. of healthcare Biomedical Waste Management facilities using CBWTF : 49,971 Status of Bio-medical Waste Management v) Total No. of healthcare facilities Based on the data forwarded by the SPCBs/ applied for authorization : 47,750 PCCs CPCB summarized the status of BMW The establishment Common Bio- management.The salient features gathered in medical Waste Treatment Facilities (CBWTF)

141 Ministry of Environment & Forests have been on the rise, from one hundred fifty – Individual Incinerators seven in the year 2006-2007 to one hundred - One hundred twenty seven Nos. in twelve sixty five in the year 2007-2008 and to one States hundred seventy in the year 2008-2009. – Total incineration capacity Action Plan for implementation of BMW - 3,27,705 MTA (Mgmt. & Handling) Rules, 1998 – Present generation In the “Interaction meet” held at New - 4,15,794 MTA Incinerable waste in the Delhi on August 08, 2008 a draft action country plan was prepared and circulated to all the National Inventory of Hazardous Wastes stakeholders SPCBs / PCCs / IMA / CBWTF Generating Industries operators etc seeking their suggestions, the Based on information provided by final draft Action Plan was finalized and twenty seven SPCBs and three PCCs communicated to the MoEF for approval. pertaining to the period 2007-08, the report Hazardous Waste Management on ‘National Inventory of Hazardous Wastes Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities Generating Industries’ has been prepared and posted on Central Pollution Control Board (TSDFs) website. Common Treatment, Storage and The HW management at a glance: Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) have been developed for the disposal of land disposable – Land Fillable Hazardous Wastes - 49.55% Hazardous Waste (HW) at twenty two – Incinerable Hazardous Wastes - 6.67% different places in ten States namely, Gujarat – Recyclable Hazardous Wastes - 43.78% (seven Nos.), Maharashtra (four Nos.), Uttar Pradesh (three Nos.), Andhra Pradesh (two Performance of Captive Secured Landfill Sites Nos.), Himachal Pradesh (one No.), Madhya (SLFs) in Central Zone Pradesh (one No.), Punjab (one No.), Many industrial units have been Rajasthan (one No.), Tamil Nadu (one No.), permitted to develop captive SLFs within their and West Bengal (one No.). Total waste own premises to dispose the hazardous wastes handling capacities (disposal capacity) of generated in the processes. Most of the these facilities, is 15,00,568 MTA which is recyclers/re-processors of non-ferrous metal much less than the present generation of wastes such as lead, zinc etc. and waste/ 27,28,326 MTA of land-disposable used oil were also permitted to have captive Hazardous Wastes. SLFs in their premises. The details of Hazardous Wastes Co-incineration of High Calorific Value Management facilities available in India are Hazardous Wastes in Cement Kiln given below: CPCB had conducted trial runs for co- – Common Incinerators incineration of high calorific value hazardous - Thirteen Nos. in six States wastes in cement kilns, as fuel supplement for

142 Annual Report 2009-2010 which, the Ministry of Environment and Forests Its effective management, with emphasis on has provided concurrence. The studies are minimization of its generation and recycling/ being complied for finalization. reuse taking into account economic aspects, is therefore essential. Various actions have Societal Risk Cost for Common Hazardous been taken to manage hazardous wastes in Waste Incinerator the country, which include establishing a CPCB in association with M/s UPL regulatory and institutional framework, Environmental Engineers Ltd has initiated a preparation of technical guidelines, study on ‘Computation of Societal Risk development of individual & common facilities Abatement Cost and Long Run Marginal for recycle/recovery/reuse, treatment and Financial Cost of Common Hazardous Waste disposal of hazardous wastes, preparation Incinerator’. The objective of the study is to of an inventory of hazardous wastes find out what the user will need to pay for generation, identification & assessment of reaching out to the range of alternative levels hazardous waste dump sites for the purpose of emissions of total dioxins and furans. of preparing remediation plans and creating Hazardous Substances awareness amongst various stakeholders. Management (HSM) To regulate management of hazardous waste generated within the country as well Introduction and Objective as export/import of such wastes, the The mandate of the Hazardous Hazardous Wastes (Management and Substances Management (HSM) Division is to Handling) Rules, 1989 were notified under 4 promote safety in the management and use the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. New of hazardous substances including hazardous rules titled Hazardous Wastes (Management, chemicals and hazardous wastes with the Handling and Transboundary Movement) objective of preventing and mitigating Rules, 2008 have been notified superseding damage to health and environment. Major the earlier regulation. Recycling of e-waste functions of HSMD include regulatory activities and the requirement of registration for e-waste relating to hazardous chemicals and recyclers have been included under these hazardous wastes, and planning, overseeing Rules. A national strategy on hazardous and implementing policies and programmes wastes is being prepared to facilitate for management of chemical emergencies and implementation of an action plan for hazardous substances. management of hazardous waste, and to fulfill obligations under the Basel Convention on Progress of activities under different transboundary movement of hazardous waste, programmes including their minimization, environmentally Hazardous Waste Management sound management and active promotion of Hazardous waste, bulk of which is cleaner technologies. generated by the industries, can cause The Ministry has sponsored a National environmental pollution and adverse health Hazardous Waste Inventorisation project for effects if not handled and managed properly. tracking the waste from its generation to its

143 Ministry of Environment & Forests disposal point. An inter-ministerial chemicals and to impress upon the people coordination committee has been constituted concerned the necessity of emergency to co-ordinate at the field level for effective preparedness and response. implementation of the HW Rules. A Red Book containing duties to be During the year, financial assistance performed during emergency, names, of 3.2 crores has been provided to the States addresses and telephone numbers of key of Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh for functionaries of State Governments, State establishment of TSDFs. Pollution Control Boards, Chief Inspectorate Chemical Safety of Factories, Experts/Institutions is being updated. The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 Under the Indo-Canada Environment and the Chemical Accident (Emergency Management initiative, a project has been Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, initiated for developing the National 1996 are the main instruments for ensuring Chemicals Management Profile for India. The chemical safety in the country. There are one main objective of the project is to assess India’s thousand eight hundred forty one MAH units national infrastructure for managing in the country, located in two hundred ninety chemicals, as an important first step to two districts in twenty six States/UTs (twenty strengthen national capacities and capabilities three States & three UT’s) of the country. for sound management of chemicals. The Central Pollution Control Board was entrusted A sub-scheme entitled” Industrial with the responsibility of implementing the Pocket-wise Hazard Analysis” has been in project. operation since the Eight Five Year Plan. Out of two hundred ninety two districts having The Ministry continues to take follow-up Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units, hazard steps for improving implementation of the analysis studies have been initiated for one Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous hundred ten districts. Out of these, ninety six Chemical (MSIHC) Rules 1989 and the studies have been completed. During the Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning, current financial year thirteen hazard analysis Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996. and off-site studies have been initiated. A “GIS based Emergency Planning Financial assistance for conducting and Response System” for chemical accidents training programmes on Emergency in Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units has Preparedness, Accident Prevention has been been developed. In selected districts of provided to National Safety Councils, Gujarat and Maharashtra, steps have been Associated Chambers of Commerce and taken to make the GEPR tool more functional, Industry, Fedration of Indian Chamber of comprehensive and user friendly for Commerce Industry (FICCI) and other state emergency planner and responders. The run institutions. The main objective of the additional features being incorporated programme is to effectively prepare, prevent include- upgradation of non-spatial data by and mitigate emergencies arising due to the authorities, high resolution mapping to

144 Annual Report 2009-2010 enhance the quality of spatial features, in the country has been constituted. The report enhanced modeling features, online modeling, of the Committee has been finalized and shall cascading or domino effects, etc. be published shortly. The report addresses A Web Based Online Chemical various categories of wastes and regulatory, Accident Information and Reporting System institutional and infrastructural issues. (CIARS) has been initiated by the Ministry to Financial assistance has been provided develop an online accident reporting and for setting up facilities for management of analysis mechanism where authorities can log Municipal Solid Wastes in twelve cities/towns in and enter accident related information under the Ahmedabad Urban Development online and the data can be sorted, analyzed Authority (AUDA), Gujarat. and reviewed, as per requirement. The Training programmes are being software for this has been developed and a conducted for various stakeholders on link has been provided to the Home Page of management of Municipal Solid Wastes the Ministry’s website. (MSW). Financial assistance has been provided Management of Plastic Wastes for establishment of three Emergency Response Centres one each at Kakinada, Vijayawada Plastics are used world over. These and Kurnool districts of Andhra Pradesh. are littered around and if not collected systematically may find their way into the The Ministry has initiated the process drainage system resulting in choking of drains, of developing a reference handbook with Do’s 4 creating unhygienic environment and causing and Don’ts of Highly Toxic and Flammable health problems. The Ministry has notified Chemicals. The project aims to identify about the Recycled Plastics Manufacture and Usage one hundred chemicals, from severity, usage Rules, 1999 under the Environment and transportation angles, which require (Protection) Act, 1986 and amended them in prime attention by first responders. The project 2003 for regulating and managing plastic has been assigned to the National Safety carry bags and containers. Council, Kerala Chapter. The report is expected soon. After extensive consultations with stakeholders, the Ministry has now notified The Ministry has initiated the process the draft Plastics (Manufacture, Usage & for development of National Implementation Waste Management) Rules, 2009 and invited Plan (NIP) under the Stockholm Convention. objections/ suggestions to the proposals The activities relating to development of NIP contained in the draft notification to finalize have been assigned to premier scientific and the notification. The new Rules will supersede research institutions. the existing Recycled Plastics Manufacture and Management of Municipal Solid Usage Rules, 1999 (as amended in 2003). Wastes Training programmes are being An Expert Committee to evolve a conducted for various stakeholders on roadmap for proper management of wastes Management of Plastic Wastes.

145 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Management of Chemicals of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for proper management and handling of Bio- The 2nd International Conference on Medical Waste (BMW) generated in the Chemicals Management (ICCM-2) under the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals country. Under these Rules, the wastes generated by Health Care Establishments Management (SAICM) was held from 11-15 (HCEs) have been categorized into 10 May 2009 in Geneva. This was the first substantive meeting of the ICCM, providing categories and treatment & disposal methods for each of these categories of wastes have an opportunity to take stock of early phases been specified. The status of implementation of SAICM’s implementation and focus on management issues to make the ICCM of these rules is being regularly monitored by the respective State Pollution Control Boards operational in the long-term so that by the (SPCBs) and Pollution Control Committees year 2020, chemicals are used and produced in a way that protects human health and the (PCCs) of Union Territories. environment throughout their life cycle. The The main difficulties faced by the ICCM-2 decided to address, inter-alia, new agencies concerned in proper and effective and emerging issues viz. lead in paint, implementation of BMW Rules are lack of nanotechnology and nanomaterials, awareness about the rules and lack of proper chemicals in products, electronic waste etc. training of the medical and para-medical An award ceremony was held to personnel involved in the Health Care recognize the contributions made by different Establishments. The Ministry and CPCB stakeholders in implementation of SAICM and provide funds for organizing training the ICCM-2. The Silver Award was given to workshops to the stakeholders. Lack of India. An Indian delegation led by Shri R. H. adequate common bio-medical waste Khwaja, Special Secretary, Ministry of treatment and disposal facilities in the country Environment and Forests participated in the is also a major issue. The Ministry has initiated conference. a scheme to provide Central subsidy for setting up such facilities. A broad consensus on a Legal Binding Instrument (LBI) for mercury was reached in Awareness and training workshops for the 25th UNEP Governing Council meeting stakeholders on Bio-Medical Waste held at Nairobi in February 2009. Management for effective implementation of Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules were conducted in Tamil Nadu, The Ministry has notified the Bio- Manipur, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, Medical Waste (Management & Handling) with the involvement of the respective State Rules, 1998 (BMW Rules) under the provisions Pollution Control Boards.

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CHAPTER – 5 CONSERVATION OF WATER BODIES

5

147 Ministry of Environment & Forests

National River Conservation The pollution abatement works taken Directorate up so far under the NRCP include: The National River Conservation – Interception and diversion works to capture Directorate (NRCD), functioning under the the raw sewage flowing into the river Ministry of Environment and Forests is through open drains and divert them for engaged in implementing the River and Lake treatment. Action Plans under the National River – Setting up Sewage Treatment Plants for Conservation Plan (NRCP) and National Lake treating the diverted sewage. Conservation Plan (NLCP) by providing – Construction of Low Cost Sanitation toilets financial assistance to the State Governments. to prevent open defecation on river banks. National River Conservation Plan – Construction of Electric Crematoria and (NRCP) Improved Wood Crematoria to conserve Introduction and Objectives the use of wood. The objective of National River – River Front Development works such as Conservation Plan (NRCP) is to improve the improvement of bathing ghats. water quality of the rivers, which are the major – Afforestation on the river banks, Public water sources in the country, through the Participation & Awareness etc. implementation of pollution abatement works, to the level of designated best use. So far a National Ganga River Basin Authority total of thirty eight rivers have been covered The Central Government has given under the programme. The rivers are given Ganga the status of a ‘National River’ and in Table-20. has constituted a ‘National Ganga River Basin

Table-20. River covered under NRCP S. River S. River S. River S. River No No No No. 1 Adyar 11 Ganga 21 Musi 31 Tapi 2 Betwa 12 Godavari 22 Narmada 32 Tunga 3 Beehar 13 Gomati 23 Pennar 33 Tungabadra 4 Bhadra 14 Khan 24 Pamba 34 Tamrabarani 5. Brahmani 15 Krishna 25 Panchganga 35 Vaigai 6 Cauvery 16 Kshipra 26 Rani Chu 36 Vennar 7 Cooum 17 Mahanadi 27 Sabarmati 37 Wainganga 8 Chambal 18 Mandovi 28 Satluj 38 Yamuna 9 Damodar 19 Mandakini 29 Subarnarekha 10 Dhipu & 20 Mahananda 30 Tapti Dhansiri

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5

Fig-28. A view of river Ganga

Authority’ (NGRBA) on February 20, 2009. Planning Commission are also the members The NGRBA has been set up as an of the Authority. Upto ten experts in the fields empowered planning, financing, monitoring of environmental engineering, hydrology, river and coordinating authority for the conservation, social mobilization, etc can be conservation of Ganga River with a holistic co-opted as members. The Secretary, Ministry approach under the Environment (Protection) of Environment & Forests is the Member Act, 1986. Secretary of the Authority. The Ministry of Environment & Forests is the nodal Ministry The Authority is chaired by the Prime for the Authority and would provide the Minister and has as its members, the Chief administrative and technical support. The Ministers of the States through which Ganga Authority has both regulatory and flows, viz., Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, developmental functions. The Authority will Jharkhand and West Bengal. The Union take measures for effective abatement of Ministers of Environment & Forests, Finance, pollution and conservation of the river Ganga Urban Development, Water Resources, Power, in keeping with sustainable development Science & Technology, Deputy Chairman, needs.

149 Ministry of Environment & Forests

The Notification also provides for 2020 no untreated municipal sewage and constitution of a State River Conservation industrial effluents flow into Ganga. Authorities by the State Governments Currently there is a sewage treatment concerned to be set up under the chairmanship capacity of only about 1000 mld against of the Chief Minister, for coordinating and 3000 mld sewage being generated in the implementing the river conservation activities towns along Ganga. An estimated at the State level. investment of Rs 15,000 crores over next This model could be adapted for other ten years will be required to create the rivers in the country, based on the experience necessary treatment and sewerage gained. Besides setting up of the NGRBA, it infrastructure. It was agreed that the is proposed to strengthen the ongoing required resources will be provided by National River Conservation Programme Centre and States over ten-year period to (NRCP) for tackling polluted stretches for other be shared suitably between Centre and major rivers in the country. The river basin states after Planning Commission approach for planning, the attention to consultations. New and innovative models adequate flows in the river and improved for implementation like, for instance, special institutional and implementation mechanism purpose vehicles to be adopted. as discussed in the succeeding paragraphs – Pollution hotspots : While preparation of are being adopted for the National River comprehensive river basin management Conservation Programme by the Central and plan will take time, on-going sewage State Governments. treatment projects will be put on fast-track. First meeting of the NGRBA States will formulate DPRs for new projects The first meeting of the NGRBA was in critical pollution hotspots and major towns held on 5th October, 2009 under the on Ganga and major tributaries. Chairmanship of the Prime Minister. The – Memorandum of Agreements (MoA): meeting was attended by the Chief Ministers Tripartite MOAs will be signed with the of Uttarkhand and Bihar, Union Ministers of State Governments/Urban Local Bodies/ Urban Development, Water Resources and Implementing Agencies for implementation the Union Minister for Environment and as well as Operation & Maintenance of Forests, besides the Deputy Chairman the pollution abatement projects and the Planning Commission. initial portfolio of projects will be sanctioned Major Decisions in the meeting by the end of the current financial year. – Approval for Mission Clean Ganga— No – Action Plan for industrial pollution : Union untreated municipal sewage and industrial Ministry of Environment and Forests will effluent to enter Ganga by 2020 work with states to prepare specific action The Authority decided that under Mission plans for dealing with problem of industrial Clean Ganga it will be ensured that by pollution in Ganga Basin.

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Action initiated so far evaluation of schemes. Independent institutions will be appointed for this purpose The following actions have been taken soon. since the setting up of the Authority: – A Status paper on Ganga has been – Expression of Interests (EOIs) were invited prepared by Alternate Hydro Energy for preparing a comprehensive Ganga river basin management plan. RFPs have been Centre, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee providing an overview of Ganga issued to ten shortlisted firms. Rs 250 crore have been allocated in the Union Budget Basin. for 2009-10 for NGRBA. – Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur – Discussions have been initiated with the has prepared a compendium of different World Bank for long term support of technological options available for Authority’s work programme. treatment of sewage. The compendium is a collation of information gathered from – Empowered State River Conservation the Central and State Government Authorities have been notified for West agencies, various organisations and experts Bengal, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh. and provides an assessment of the – Action has been initiated for third party performance of different technologies.

5

Fig-29. River front development at Kolkata

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– The National Informatics Centre (NIC) has treatment capacity of 869 mld. (million litres been entrusted with the work of GIS based per day) was created under Phase-I and an mapping of the entire Ganga Basin. The amount of about Rs. 452 crore was spent work has commenced and is expected to under the Plan. This phase was declared be completed by mid-2010. completed in March 2000. Since GAP Phase- I did not cover the pollution load of Ganga – Action has been initiated for enhancing fully, GAP Phase-II was taken up which public awareness and community included, Ganga and its four tributaries i.e. mobilisation for cleaning of rivers. States Damodar, Gomti, Mahananda and Yamuna. have been requested to prepare detailed Works under Ganga Action Plan Phase-II city level Action Plans for the purpose which covers sixty towns along the main stem of can be implemented through City Level river Ganga at an Sanctioned cost of Rs. Committees, to be constituted under the 635.66 crore. chairmanship of District Magistrates in major towns along the river Ganga. The Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) District Coordinator of NYKS could be the Under Yamuna Action Plan Phase-I, Member Secretary of the Committee. Other assisted by the Japan Bank for International members of the Committee may include Cooperation (JBIC), a total of 753 mld. prominent NGOs, public representatives, sewage treatment capacity was created and officials of concerned departments like the this Phase was declared completed in March, Municipal Commissioner, Pollution Control 2003. Board, Public Health Department, Forest A loan assistance of Yen 13.33 billion Department, nodal implementing agency has been extended by the Japan International in the state for river conservation works, Cooperation Agency (JICA) which has been etc. The Action Plans prepared by these merged with JBIC for implementation of Committees in the Ganga States would be Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase II, which is supported and funded under the NGRBA. part of the National River Conservation Plan Activities/Progress under NRCP (NRCP). The present sanctioned cost of NRCP The project has been approved at an projects is Rs.4691.54 crore covering one estimated cost of Rs. 624 crore for abatement hundred sixty seven towns along polluted of pollution of river Yamuna in Delhi, Uttar stretches of thirty eight rivers spread over Pradesh (eight towns) and Haryana (six towns) twenty States (Annexure-V). Some of the under YAP-II. The cost of works is to be shared important River Action Plans are detailed below. between Government of India and the State Governments in the ratio of 85:15. A sewage Ganga Action Plan (GAP) treatment capacity of 189 mld is targeted to The Ganga Action Plan initiated in be created besides major rehabilitation/ 1985 is the first River Action Plan. Besides replacement works for sewers and other other pollution abatement works, a sewage pollution abatement works. So far thirty one

152 Annual Report 2009-2010 pollution abatement schemes have been Gomti Action Plan (GoAP) sanctioned at a cost of Rs.647.86 crore, out Gomti Action Plan (GoAP) Phase-I of which seven schemes have been completed and others are in different stages of progress. The total approved cost of Gomti Action Plan-I is Rs. 64.01 crore for taking up The main components to be river pollution abatement works in the towns implemented under the project are: of Lucknow, Sultanpur and Jaunpur, out of Delhi — STP (135 mld capacity new and which the share of Lucknow is Rs.47.75 crore. 324 mld capacity Under this Plan, out of thirty one sanctioned rehabilitation) schemes, twenty nine schemes have been completed. Rehabilitation/replacement of trunk sewers (30.82 kms) Gomti Action Plan (GoAP) Phase-II UP — STP (54 mld capacity new) The sanctioned cost of Gomti Action Sewer lines (70.57 kms) Plan Phase-II at Lucknow is Rs.263.04 crore. The project cost is to be shared in the ratio Rising Main (5.25 kms) of 70:30 between Government of India and Haryana — Sewer lines (73 kms). State Government. The works in this phase will include two sewage treatment plants of Emphasis has also been given on a total capacity of 375 MLD (over and above public participation, capacity building etc. in order to ensure better utilisation of assets and the 47 MLD capacity being set up in the first 5 long term sustainability of the project. phase), interception & diversion works of Implementation of various works is underway sewage of the remaining drains and other in the States. miscellaneous items such as river front development, toilets, plantation, public awareness and participation, and acquisition of land. Out of thirty schemes, works on seven schemes have been completed. Damodar Action Plan (DAP) The scheme of Damodar Action Plan was approved in October 1996 on 100% funding pattern with stipulated period of implementation up to December 2005 covering eight towns namely, Bokaro-Kargali, Chirkunda, Digdha, Jharia, Ramgarh, Telmachu, Sindri & Fig-30. Awareness creation for conservation of river Yamuna Sudamdih in the State of

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Jharkhand and Andal, Asansol, Durgapur The sanctioned cost for the NRCP & Raniganj in the State of West Bengal. projects is Rs.4691.55 crore, out of which In the State of Jharkhand, all of four an amount of Rs.2937.07 crore has been sanctioned projects of low cost sanitation in released by the GOI so far. Eight hundred Bokaro-Kargali, Ramgarh, Telmachu & and two projects have been completed against Sudamdih have been completed. a total of one thousand eighty five sanctioned projects. A target of 4246 mld sewage In the State of West Bengal out of ten treatment capacity sanctioned on the basis sanctioned projects eight projects relating to of DPRs within the approved cost of the low cost sanitation and improved wood respective projects, a capacity to treat 3095 crematoria in the covered towns have been mld of sewage has been created till completed. The projects of Interception & September 2009, besides 869 mld capacity Diversion and STP of 13.17 mld capacity is created so far. already created under the Ganga Action Plan Phase-I Mahananda Action Plan (MAP) Details of Projects Approved/Completed A project for the abatement of pollution of River Mahananda at Siliguri town in West Details of projects completed between Bengal under NRCP at an sanctioned cost of 01.04.2009 to 31.10.2009 are given in Rs.54.88 crore has been approved under Annexure IV. The list of projects sanctioned the Ganga Action Plan, Phase-II. The cost of between 01.04.2009 to 31.10.2009 are the project will be shared on 70:30 cost given in Annexure III. It was targeted to create sharing basis between the Central and the 385.82 mld capacity through commissioning State Government. The project includes of Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) during the schemes of Interception & Diversion, Sewage year 2009-10. Against this, a total 241 mld Treatment Plant & River Front Development in capacity has been completed so far and the Siliguri town works of the remaining STPs are in different Other River Action Plans stages of completion. Besides the river Ganga and its Water Quality Management Plan for River tributaries covered under GAP-I and GAP-II, Ganga the NRCD has taken up the pollution The water quality of river Ganga is abatement projects of fourteen other States being monitored since 1986 from Rishikesh covering thirty three rivers and seventy one in Uttaranchal to Uluberia in West Bengal by towns. institutions such as Pollution Control Research The schemes of GAP-II and other rivers Institute (Hardwar), CPCB Zonal Office of the country have been merged under Lucknow, Indian Institute of Technology, National River Conservation Plan based on Kanpur, Patna University and Bidhan Chandra 70:30 funding pattern and river water Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani. As a result pollution abatement works under this head. of the projects completed under Ganga Action

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Plan, the water quality of river Ganga has The summer average values of two shown a general improvement despite important river water quality parameters viz. tremendous population growth along the river Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical banks. Water quality monitoring carried out Oxygen Demand (BOD) recorded in some of by reputed institutions such as, IIT, Kanpur, the important monitoring stations on river Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited (BHEL), Patna Ganga is given in Table-21. University, etc. indicates that, water quality of the river Ganga conforms to the prescribed The water quality monitoring has also standards in terms of key indicators, namely, been undertaken for rivers namely, Yamuna, Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Western Yamuna Canal, Gomti, Hindon, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) at most of the Satluj (Punjab), Cauvery (Tamil Nadu), Tunga, locations, except in the stretch between Bhadra, Tungbhadra in Karnataka and Kannauj and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. Waterways of Chennai. The number of

Table-21. Summer Average Values for Water Quality on River Ganga under Ganga Action Plan Monitoring Distance Dissolved Oxygen* Biochemical Oxygen Station in Km Demand* (mg/l) (mg/l) 1986 2009 1986 2009 5 Rishikesh 0 8.1 8.00 1.7 1.00 Hardwar D/S 30 8.1 7.80 1.8 1.30 Garhmutkeshwar 175 7.8 7.90 2.2 2.00 Kannauj U/S 430 7.2 7.20 5.5 1.50 Kannauj D/S 433 NA 7.60 NA 4.80 Kanpur U/S 530 7.2 7.50 7.2 3.80 Kanpur D/S 548 6.7 7.50 8.6 3.90 Allahabad U/S 733 6.4 8.13 11.4 6.25 Allahabad D/S 743 6.6 8.13 15.5 4.00 Varanasi U/S 908 5.6 7.83 10.1 3.83 Varanasi D/S 916 5.9 7.72 10.6 3.10 Patna U/S 1188 8.4 7.03 2.0 1.60 Patna D/S 1198 8.1 6.88 2.2 2.17 Rajmahal 1508 7.8 6.53 1.8 1.65 Palta 2050 NA 7.23 NA 2.77 Uluberia 2500 NA 5.45 NA 2.47 * Mean value for the months of March to June when the temperatures are high and flows are low. NA — Data not available, U/S — Upstream, D/S — Downstream, mg/l — milligram per litre

155 Ministry of Environment & Forests monitoring stations presently are one hundred Projects approved under NLCP fifty eight in ten rivers which include twenty National Lake Conservation Plan seven stations set up in the upper reaches of (NLCP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Ganga and thirty two stations of Chennai Ministry of Environment & Forests, Waterways. Government of India for conservation/ National Lake Conservation Plan restoration of polluted and degraded lakes. (NLCP) The scheme of National Lake Conservation Plan was initiated with the approval of Objectives conservation and management plans of three The objective of the Scheme is to restore and lakes namely, Powai (Maharashtra), and (Tamil Nadu), in June, 2001 at conserve the polluted lakes in urban and semi- a cost of Rs. 14.90 crore. urban areas of the country degraded due to waste water discharge into the lake. The So far under NLCP, a total of forty activities covered under National Lake projects for conservation of fifty eight lakes Conservation Plan (NLCP) include the have been sanctioned in fourteen States at following:- a sanctioned cost of Rs. 883.94 crore (Annexure-III). Conservation works for – Prevention of pollution from point sources eighteen lakes have been completed so far by intercepting, diverting and treating the pollution load entering the Lakes from the entire lake catchment area.

– In-situ measures of Lake cleaning such as de-silting de- weeding, bio-remediation etc. depending upon the site conditions.

– Catchments area treatment which may include bunding, afforestation, storm water, drainage, fencing and shore line development etc. – Public awareness and public participation – Other activities depending upon location specific conditions including public interface. Fig-31. in Meghalaya

156 Annual Report 2009-2010 whereas in some cases the project Budget Allocation implementation is in last stages of completion. Budget Allocation for 2009-10 under Funding pattern under NLCP is on a 70:30 National River Conservation Plan and cost sharing between the Central and the National Lake Conservation Plan is given in State Government. Table-22. NLCP Guidelines The names and addresses of State With the experience gained in Implementing Agencies under NRCP is given implementation of projects sanctioned under at Annexure-VI. the NLCP, it was considered imperative to National Wetland Conservation make successive improvements in the existing system of project formulation and Programme (NWCP) implementation. In the process, many of the Introduction and Objectives eminent experts in the field, concerned State The scheme on conservation and Governments/Implementing Agencies and all management of wetlands was initiated in relevant stakeholders were consulted. The 1987 with the following objectives:- existing guidelines of NLCP have since been revised after due incorporation of responses – to lay down policy guidelines for of State Governments and experts feedback. implementing programme of conservation The revised NLCP guidelines are accessible and management of wetlands in the on the Ministry’s website. country, 5

Table-22. Budget allocation under NRCP and NLCP during 2009-10 (Rs. in crore)

Sl. Name of the Plan Budget Revised Expenditure No Estimate Estimate (October (Proposed) 2009)

1 National River Conservation 6.33 7.23 3.55 Directorate (NRCD)

2 National River Conservation Plan 526.00 526.00 196.83 (NRCP)

3 National Lake Conservation Plan 45.00 45.00 20.22 (NLCP)

Total 577.33 578.23 220.60

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– to undertake priority wetlands for intensive and for identification of priority areas of conservation measures, research. – to monitor implementation of the Programme – Over the years, based on the of conservation, management and recommendations of National Wetlands research, Committee, one hundred fifteen Wetlands have been identified so far for conservation – to prepare an inventory of Indian wetland under the National Wetland Conservation With the above objectives, a National Programme (Annexure-VII). Committee on Wetlands was constituted. – The Research projects to supplement Functions of the Committee are: Management Action Plans (MAPs) for - To advise the Government on intensive conservation on thrust areas of appropriate policies and action research are considered by the Thematic programmes for conservation and wise Group for conservation of Wetlands and use of Wetlands. Mangroves constituted by RE Division in the Ministry. List of the research project - To review the recommendations of Expert sanctioned during 2009-10 is given in Group on Wetlands. Annexure-III. - Review of progress in implementation of Activities undertaken so far Management Action Plans. National Wetland Conservation Programme - To advise on collaboration with (NWCP) international agencies on issues related to Wetlands Main Activities under MAPs of Wetlands for which funds provided, include: An Expert Group on Wetlands (EGOW) has also been set up for discussing – Survey and demarcation management action plans of newly identified – Catchment area treatment wetland and identification of new wetlands – Protection measures for the conservation and management. Functions of the Group are: – Fisheries development - Identification of new wetlands for – Weed control conservation under NWCP. – Wildlife conservation - In-depth examination of Management – Pollution abatement Action Plans of the newly identified – Research on various aspects of Wetlands wetland as per guidelines prescribed by the Government of India. – Eco-development activities - Suggest amendments to guidelines, if any, – Education and awareness for identification of new wetlands, for To supplement the Management Action formulation of Management Action Plan Plans, assistance is also given for research

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& developmental activities in various thrust – Two regional workshops at Coimbatore and areas of research which are as follows: Amity University, Noida were organized during the current financial year for – Survey and assessment of resources providing training to wetland managers for – Value of wetlands implementation of Management Action Plans of identified wetlands in the states. – Hydrological functions and assessment of associated values – Regulatory framework for conservation of wetlands was prepared and was put up on – Assessment and conservation of wetland the Ministry’s website to obtain comments biodiversity of all the concerned and State Governments – Anthropogenic pressures and natural After incorporating all the relevant calamities comments, the draft regulatory framework has been finalized and has been sent to – Socio-economic aspects Ministry of Law and Justice for vetting. Progress/Achievements made during the year Thereafter it will be notified under EP Act- 1986. – During the year, Management Action Plans of twenty seven wetlands have been – Guidelines for National Wetland approved and financial assistance released Conservation Programme have been to the concerned State Governments. So revised. 5 far, an amount of Rs.11.22 crores has been International issues and released (till 24.02.2010) against the total allocation of Rs.11.90 crores during – India is also a Party to the United Nations 2009-10. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Convention on Biological – The meeting of National Wetlands Diversity, Convention on Conservation of Committee was held on 16.03.2009 in Migratory Species of Wild Animals, the Ministry under the Chairmanship of Convention on World Heritage, Supervisory Secretary (E&F) which approved the Council of Wetland International, etc. Inter- inclusion of twelve more wetlands under linkages among these Conventions are the NWCP increasing total number of frequently discussed in the inter-Ministerial wetlands from one hundred three in 2008 and intra-Ministerial meetings to develop to one hundred fifteen in 2009 covering comprehensive plans on actions for their twenty foru states and two UTs. implementation. – The meeting of Expert Group on Wetlands – Twenty five sites have already been (EGOW) was held on 16.11.2009 in designated as Ramsar sites in India till date. which three more wetlands were (Annexure-VII). Six (6) more wetlands are recommended for inclusion in the list under process of being designated as identified wetlands under NWCP. Ramsar sites.

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– Out of Rs. 86.68 crores released so far was put up on the Ministry’s website to under NWCP, an amount of Rs.56.01 obtain comments of all the concerned and crores has been released for conservation State Governments. After incorporating all of twenty one Ramsar Sites out of twenty the relevant comments, the draft regulatory five Ramsar Sites. The funds have been framework has been finalized and has been provided on the basis of management sent to Ministry of Law and Justice for action plans submitted by the concerned vetting. Thereafter it will be notified under state Govts. EP Act-1986. – India was re-nominated as Member of Budget allocation Supervisory Council for another term (2008- An allocation of Rs. 11.90 crore has 2011) on the basis of its achievement for been made during the year 2009-10 for conserving Wetlands of the country. conservation and management of identified – India is also a partner to the Himalayan wetlands. So far an expenditure of Rs.11.22 initiatives along with other Himalayan crore has been incurred till 24.02.2010. countries. A Himalayan initiative was Implementing organizations recently endorsed by the Indian Government in 2008 Department of Environment and State wise status Forests, Council for Science and Technology, State Wetland Authority of the concerned Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the states are the nodal departments for programme and promulgation of new acts implementing various conservation activities Regulatory framework for in states where wetlands have been identified conservation of wetlands was prepared and under NWCP.

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6

CHAPTER – 6 REGENERATION AND ECO-DEVELOPMENT

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National Afforestation and Eco- – Create general awareness and help foster Development Board (NAEB) a people’s movement for promoting afforestation and eco-development with the Introduction assistance of voluntary agencies, non- In order to promote afforestation, tree government organizations, Panchayati Raj planting, ecological restoration and eco- institutions and others and promote development activities in the country, the participatory and sustainable management National Afforestation and Eco-Development of degraded forest areas and adjoining Board (NAEB) was set up in August 1992. lands; Special attention is also being given by NAEB – Coordinate and monitor the Action Plans to the regeneration of degraded forest areas for tree planting, ecological restoration and and lands adjoining forest areas, national eco-development; and parks, sanctuaries and other protected areas as well as the ecologically fragile areas like – Undertake all other measures necessary the Western Himalayas, Aravallis, Western for promoting afforestation, tree planting, Ghats etc. ecological restoration and eco development activities in the country. Objectives Name of the Schemes The detailed objectives of the NAEB are to: NAEB operates the following three major – Evolve mechanisms for ecological schemes: restoration of degraded forest areas and adjoining lands through systematic planning (a) National Afforestation Programme (NAP) and implementation, in a cost effective Scheme manner; (b) NAEB Scheme: The major components of – Restore through natural regeneration or the Scheme are:- appropriate intervention the forest cover in i. Grants in Aid for Greening India (GIA the country for ecological security and to for GI) Scheme meet the fuelwood, fodder and other needs ii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the rural communities; iii. Communication – Augmentation of availability of fuelwood, fodder, timber and other forest produce on iv. Support to Regional Centres (RCs) the degraded forest and adjoining lands (c) Eco Development Forces (EDF) in order to meet the demands for these National Afforestation Programme items; (NAP) Scheme – Sponsor research and extension of research Introduction and Objectives findings to disseminate new and proper technologies for the regeneration and It continues to be the flagship scheme development of degraded forest areas and of NAEB, in so much as it provides support, adjoining lands; both in physical and capacity building terms,

162 Annual Report 2009-2010 to the Forest Development Agencies (FDAs) – Fulfillment of the broader objectives of which in turn are the main organ to move productivity, equity, and sustainability for forward institutionalization of Joint Forest the general good of the people Management. The FDA has been conceived – Improve quality of life and self-sustenance and established as a federation of Joint Forest aspect of people living in and around forest Management Committees (JFMCs) at the areas Forest Division level to undertake holistic development in the forestry sector with – Capability endowment and skill people’s participation. This is a paradigm enhancement for improving employability shift from the earlier afforestation programmes of the rural people. wherein funds where routed through the State Progress and Achievements during the year Governments. This decentralized two-tier institutional structure (FDA and JFMC) allows – Eight hundred FDAs have been greater participation of the community, both operationalised so far, since the launch of in planning and implementation, to improve the FDA mechanism in 2000-01, at a cost forests and livelihoods of the people living in of Rs. 3,131.48 crores to treat a total area and around forest areas. The village is of 16.90 lakh ha. (as on 22.02.2010). reckoned as a unit of planning and Rehabilitation of shifting cultivation lands implementation and all activities under the have been given specific focus under the programme are conceptualized at the village programme, and so far thirty five jhum 6 level. The two-tier approach, apart from projects have been sanctioned in NE States building capacities at the grassroots level, and in Orissa.. significantly empowers the local people to – As on 22.02.2010, Rs. 311.90 crore was participate in the decision making process. released to FDAs during the year 2009- Under Entry Point Activities, community assets 10 for implementation of National are created with a ‘care and share’ concept. Afforestation Programme (NAP). The objectives of the scheme are as follows: – Protection and conservation of natural Implementing organization resources through active involvement of the The NAP Scheme is being implemented people. through two-tier decentralized mechanism of – Checking land degradation, deforestation Forest Development Agency (FDA) at Forest and loss of biodiversity Division Level and Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs) at the village level. – Ecological restoration and environmental conservation and eco-development Comparison of progress as compared to previous years – Evolving village level people’s organization which can manage the natural resources Year-wise progress of National in and around villages in a sustainable Afforestation Programme in the Tenth Five Year manner Plan and during the current Plan period and

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State-wise Status of FDA Projects are given – Organising district-level inter-departmental in Table-23 and Table-24. linkage workshops for promoting linkage of NAP with other developmental New initiatives under the Scheme programmes for enhancing the A number of initiatives have been sustainability of JFM taken by the Ministry to expedite the – Initiating seven pilot projects for establishing implementation of the scheme as well forest-based micro-enterprises which will improve the qualitative aspects of provide experiential learning for scaling- implementation. These include : up such activity with a view to consolidate – Stepping-up monitoring and evaluation of the JFM during the Eleventh Plan. the FDA projects by activation of State-level – Comprehensive amendment in Guidelines Coordination Committees for NAP, of NAP scheme has been made to increased field visit by officers, and promote further decentralization by expeditious commissioning by the States of delegating more responsibilities to State first independent concurrent evaluation of Forest Departments with respect to FDA projects processing of the FDA project proposals, – Increased number of training programmes greater organic linkage of JFMCs with for the frontline staff and JFM committee Gram Panchayats, increased security of members the elected members of JFMCs through

Table-23. Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (2002-03 till date) Year No.of No. of New Project Area Release New FDA JFMCs approved (Rs. in crores) projects involved (ha.)* approved

2000-02 47 1843 71068 47.53 2002-03 237 8197 404799 151.26 2003-04 231 7902 282536 207.98 2004-05 105 3404 106743 233.00 2005-06 94 2362 54432 248.12 2006-07 15 494 0 292.75 2007-08 53 3979 493061 392.95 2008-09 13 6598 173435 345.62 2009-10 5 7716 104409 311.90 (As on 22.02.2010 * Area approved for advance soil work/preparatory plantations during the year for all ongoing FDA projects. ** Total (financial assistance provided during the year for planting, advance soil work, maintenance etc.) for all ongoing FDA projects.

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Table-24. State-wise status of FDA Projects as on February 22, 2010

Sl. Name of No. of FDA Total project Total Area (in Total No. State/Union Projects/ cost JFMCs ha.) Releases Territory Proposals (in Rs. (in Rs. sanctioned crores) Crores) 1 Andhra Pradesh 47 129.76 2555 72623 83.90 2 Chhattisgarh 32 223.73 2611 106160 157.69 3 Gujarat 25 211.76 2027 82705 127.38 4 Haryana 19 128.35 2265 44189 102.22 5 Himachal Pradesh 30 81.82 1556 44883 58.73 6 Jammu & Kashmir 31 109.69 1836 65529 55.28 7 Karnataka 45 212.34 1560 96155 157.84 8 Madhya Pradesh 55 208.87 3270 124332 143.29 9 Maharashtra 48 205.03 3092 119227 134.69 10 Orissa 46 157.69 3547 123307 105.99 11 Punjab 15 38.07 1192 18209 21.91 12 Rajasthan 33 68.95 1059 46890 50.56 13 Tamil Nadu 32 130.83 1580 68192 101.73 14 Uttar Pradesh 69 241.21 2752 130670 193.23 15 Uttarakhand 38 98.33 1900 65576 72.34 16 Goa 3 2.39 26 1250 0.64 17 Jharkhand 34 160.43 2522 97050 118.09 18 Bihar 10 45.12 978 28531 34.12 6 19 Kerala 27 87.28 615 31816 45.68 20 West Bengal 20 67.48 1960 38248 46.16 Total (Other States) 659 2609.15 38903 1405542 1811.49 21 Arunachal Pradesh 23 40.44 481 30121 25.40 22 Assam 30 80.28 810 52255 61.07 23 Manipur 16 67.91 578 35144 54.80 24 Nagaland 19 71.12 456 43718 62.08 25 Sikkim 8 65.95 244 26003 54.60 26 Tripura 13 40.61 271 29335 29.49 27 Mizoram 24 123.96 528 50120 106.25 28 Meghalaya 8 32.06 224 18245 25.91 Total (NE States) 141 522.33 3592 284941 419.61 TOTAL 800 3131.48 42495 1690483 2231.10

longer tenure of JFMC presidency, capacity Grants in Aid for Greening India building of particular frontline staff of Forest Scheme Department and JFMC members especially Introduction and Objectives with regard to local management and administrative responsibilities. Increasing forest and tree cover (FTC)

165 Ministry of Environment & Forests of the country to one-third of its geographical constraints, the then existing Grants-in-Aid area, as envisaged in the National Forest Scheme was restructured by incorporating Policy 1998, is essential for economic and additional components of QPM production ecological security of the country. Achieving facilities and creation of mass awareness the target of one-third of FTC, however, about QPM. This was renamed as “Grants stipulates fourfold increase in the current in aid for Greening India” Scheme and three annual tree planting rate in the country, and aspects expressly stated:- that too, mostly on lands outside recorded forest area (RFA) wherein non-forest a) Raising mass awareness about QPM and organizations and the custodian institutions tree planting can play a significant role. The scheme b) Enhancing the capacity for QPM production ‘Grants-in-Aid Scheme, providing assistance c) Tree planting with people’s participation to Voluntary agencies for tree planting’ (GIS) Now, all these aspects have been was started for encouraging participation of wholly subsumed in a new proposed scheme, the interested Non-Government Organisations ‘Gram/Panchayat Van Yojana’, which is also as well as Government Institutions. It has been aimed at afforestation/tree planting in non- observed that for raising tree plantations on forest land on a much larger scale. To lessen lands outside RFA, economic return is the multiplicity of schemes with similar objectives, major driving force. These could be sanction of new project proposals under GIS encouraged if returns to the growers were have been discontinued w.e.f. 2008-09. The made attractive. The wanting economic return ongoing projects, however, will continue to are largely attributed to the low volume and be supported till completion poor quality yield of tree products. The main reason for this that the tree growers do not Progress/Achievement made during the year have easy access to quality planting material Financial assistance of Rs.0.90 crores (QPM) due to both paucity of QPM production has been provided to twenty four agencies facilities in the rural areas and low awareness for ongoing tree planting projects as on about gains of using QPM. Recognizing these 22.02.2010. Budget Allocation of the Scheme and Progress of Expenditure The revised Budget Estimate for ongoing projects under the Scheme for 2009-10 was Rs.1.00 crores, out of which Rs.0.90 crores has been released upto 22.02.2010. Comparison of progress over the years Table-25 reflects the progress of Fig-32. Hightech Nursery at Turid, Aizwal number of projects for tree planting

166 Annual Report 2009-2010 supported under the previous ‘Grants-in-Aid implemented through Ministry of Defence for to Voluntary Agencies’ scheme (until 2004- ecological restoration of terrains, rendered 05) and the present ‘Grants-in-Aid for difficult either due to severe degradation or Greening India’ Scheme till the current remote location or difficult law and order financial year 2009-10. situation. The scheme of Eco Development Force is based on twin objectives of ecological Implementing organization along with details regeneration in difficult areas, and promotion The scheme is being implemented by of meaningful employment to ex-servicemen. government Departments, Urban Local Under this scheme, the establishment and Bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Public operational expenditure on the Eco Task Force Sector Undertakings, Autonomous Bodies, (ETF) Battalions raised by Ministry of Defence Registered Societies, Non-Profit is reimbursed by Ministry of Environment and Organizations, Cooperatives, Charitable Forests while the inputs like sapling, fencing, Trusts, Voluntary Agencies, Registered etc. as also the professional and managerial Schools, Colleges, Universities and State guidance is provided by the State Forest Forest Departments. Voluntary Agencies are Departments. In ETF battalions, the MOD implementing majority of Tree Planting deploys its ex-servicemen, preferably from within projects. the area of operation, whereas the nuclear core Eco-Development Forces (EDF) Scheme of the force is constituted of regular servicemen. Some of the ETF Battalions have undertaken Introduction and objective successful eco-restoration of highly degraded 6 Eco-Development Forces was sites, for example the limestone mining areas established in 1980s as a scheme being in the Hills.

Table-25. Progress under the previous ‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ and the present ‘Grants-in-Aid for Greening India’ Scheme Year No. of tree planting projects Expenditure supported* (Rs. in Cr.)** 2002-03 141 4.00 2003-04 251 8.49 2004-05 266 8.97 2005-06 211 11.76 2006-07 109 5.86 2007-08 129 8.48 2008-09*** 85 3.95 2009-10*** 26 0.90 * Includes ongoing projects, sanctioned in previous years also. ** Includes grants given for Awareness Generation, High- Tech Nursery and Tree Planting components of the Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme. *** Includes only on-going projects as no new project was sanctioned.

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Activities undertaken so far Regional Centres of NAEB Six ETF battalions are being supported Introduction and objectives under the EDF Scheme in the States of The Board has seven Regional Centres Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir located in various universities/national level and Assam. institutions (Annexure-II). These Centres help Progress/Achievements made during the year NAEB in promoting extension of replicable The progress of ETF Battalions during technologies and for dissemination of research the year 2009-10 is given in Table-26. findings. They provide technical and extension support to the State Forest Departments in All ETF Battalions have undertaken effective implementation of regeneration of works like raising nursery and plantation and degraded forests and adjoining lands with protection measures to protect the plantation people’s participation and also act as a forum area. They have also constructed stone dams for the exchange of ideas and experiences as also other soil and moisture conservation amongst the States of the region as well as works. Besides, the battalions also take up across the regions. In addition, these Centres maintenance of old plantations. carry out problem-specific studies as well as Closer monitoring of physical progress evaluation of NAEB’s programmes in the field and coordination between the Ministry, and organize training programmes and work- Territorial Army and State Governments has shops focusing on priorities set out by the Board. witnessed for timely availability of land and New initiatives of Regional Centres other resources for planting, redeployment/ The work programmes of the Regional disembodying of surplus ETF personnel in Centres are being formulated to address the order to cut down costs, and further emerging needs of promoting sustainability improvement in the quality of work. of Joint Forest Management beyond the NAP Budget Allocation of the scheme and progress scheme funding. The new areas include of expenditure training for forest--based micro-enterprises, Budget Estimate for the scheme during development of Joint Forest Management 2009-10 is Rs.10.50 crore out of which Committees, Self Help Groups, district-level Rs.9.64 crores has been reimbursed to inter-departmental linkage workshops for Ministry of Defence upto 22.02.2010. synergy of JFM with other schemes of Implementing Organizations along with Government and studies on improved details silvicultural practices for management of non- -timber forest products. Seven pilot projects Directorate of Territorial Army, Ministry on capacity building for forest based micro- of Defence, New Delhi enterprise have been initiated by the Regional New Initiatives Centres across the country. It is hoped that Four ETF Battalions are already based on the experience of these pilots, the operational. From the financial year 2007- forest-based microenterprise could be scaled- 08 two more Battalions are functional in the up as a means of promoting sustainable State of Assam. livelihoods of the forest-fringe communities.

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Table-26. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2009-10 (as on 30th September, 2009).

Battalion Location New Plantation Maintenance of during the year old Plantation

No. of Plants Area in No. of Area in ha. Plants ha. 127 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.00 lakh 400 0.41 lakh 40 128 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Rajasthan 1.36 lakh 270 7.73 lakh 1360 129 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 0.62 lakh 75 0.87 lakh 73 130 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 5.00 lakh 500 134 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Assam 3.82 lakh 591 2.77 lakh 300 135 Inf Bn(TA) Eco Assam 5.20 lakh 520 3.92 lakh 392

United Nations Convention to Combat Application Centre in 2007, about 32.7% of Desertification (UNCCD) the land is undergoing various forms of Introduction and objectives degradation. India has thus high stakes and stands strongly committed to implementing it. The United Nations Convention to The Ministry of Environment and Forests is Combat Desertification with 193 Parties, is the nodal Ministry in the Government of India one of the three Rio Conventions focusing 6 for the UNCCD, and Desertification cell of on desertification/land degradation and the National Afforestation and Eco- drought which have become global environmental challenges. The convention aims at arresting and reversing land degradation and can, on implementation, significantly contribute to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as well as sustainable development. India became a signatory to the convention on 14th October, 1994 and ratified it on 17th December, 1996. As per the Desertification and Land Degradation Atlas of India published by the Space Fig-33. Thar Desert

169 Ministry of Environment & Forests development Board (NAEB) is the nodal point 17 was celebrated as World Day to within the Ministry to co-ordinate all issues Combat Desertification. For the year 2008, pertaining to the convention. the theme of the day was “Conserving land and water = Securing our common future”. Though the country does not have a The Ministry organised a workshop on this specific policy or legislative framework for day at Jaipur. It was attended by senior combating desertification as such, the concern government officials and others for artresting and reversing land degradation representing the stakeholder ministries of and desertification gets reflected in many of the Government of India and the state our national policies which have enabling Governments as well as CSOs. provisions for addressing these problems. It is also implicit in the goals of sustainable – A three-member delegation from India led forest management (SFM), sustainable by the Inspector General of Forests (NAEB) agriculture, sustainable land management participated in the Ninth session of the (SLM) and the overarching goal of sustainable Conference of Parties to the UNCCD (COP development which the country has been 9) which convened in Buenos Aires, st nd pursuing. The subject has in fact been Argentina, from 21 September – 2 engaging the attention of our planners and October, 2009, along with the Eighth policy makers since the inception of planning. session of the Committee for the Review of The first five year plan (1951-1956) had ‘land the Implementation of the Convention (CRIC rehabilitation’ as one of the thrust areas. In 8) and the Ninth session of the Committee the subsequent plans too, high priority has on Science and Technology (CST 9). The been consistently attached to development of agenda items included inter alia four-year the drylands in consideration of the fact that work plans and two-year work programmes about 69% of the country’s lands are drylands of the CRIC, CST, Global Mechanism (GM) and degradation of these lands has severe and the Secretariat, the Joint Inspection Unit implications for the livelihood and food (JIU) assessment of the GM, the terms of security of millions. reference of the CRIC, arrangements for regional coordination mechanisms (RCMs), India formulated and submitted in impact indicators and performance 2001 a National Action Programme (NAP) indicators, the communication strategy and to combat desertification, in accomplishment the programme and budget. Being the chair of one of the obligations that parties to the of the fifty six country strong Regional Convention (UNCCD) are required to fulfill. Implementation Annexe for Asia and an A broad roadmap to combating active member of the G77/China, India desertification, NAP recognizes the multi could successfully lobby and mobilize sectoral nature of the task, in view of the fact opinion in support of its concerns which it that many of the drivers of desertification have felt were important for the country and in cross cutting dimensions. the larger interest of the developing countries Progress of Activities undertaken and the convention, and thus made a – As in earlier years, the world over, June significant contribution to the negotiations.

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7

CHAPTER – 7 RESEARCH

171 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Research in Environment which inter-alia include thrust Introduction areas of research and their prioritization. Ministry of Environment & Forests has The Ministry supports research through been funding research in multi-disciplinary its established research programmes. These aspects of environmental and ecosystems include Environment Research Programme protection, conservation and management at (ERP), Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS), various universities, institutions of higher Eastern and Western Ghats Research learning, national research institutes and non- Programme (E&WGRP) and Economic & governmental organizations in identified thrust Social Issues. Thematic Expert Groups for areas under its Research & Development (R&D) these research programmes have been Programme. The Research & Development constituted to screen evaluation and Scheme of the Ministry is a Central Plan recommend new projects and also to monitor/ Scheme for conservation and management review the ongoing projects. The list of of environment since 1985. sanctioned projects and completed projects Objectives during the current financial year are given in Annexure-III and Annexure-IV respectively. The objective of the scheme is to The Ministry also promotes research in generate information required to develop Environment through the awards of National strategies, technologies and methodologies Fellowships to the outstanding Scientists. These for better environmental management. It also awards are Pitambar Pant National aims at attempting solutions to the practical problems of resource management, Environment Fellowship Award in conservation of natural resources and eco- Environmental Science and Dr. B.P. Pal regeneration of degraded areas. Further, the National Environment Fellowship Award for scheme also seeks to strengthen infrastructure Biodiversity. to facilitate research and scientific manpower Programme-wise Progress and Activities development. In order to achieve these Environment Research Programme objectives, research grants are provided in the identified thrust areas to various (ERP) organizations (universities, colleges Environment Research Programme recognized by University Grant Commission (ERP) deals with problems related to pollution (UGC), institutions of Council of Scientific and and development of suitable cost effective Industrial Research (CSIR), Indian Council of technologies for abatement of pollution. Agriculture Research (ICAR), Indian Council Emphasis is laid on development of eco- of Medical Research (ICMR), Indian Council friendly biological and other interventions for of Social Science Research (ICSSR) and prevention, abatement of pollution and recognized non- governmental scientific development of strategies, technologies and organizations) all over the country. instruments etc. for control of pollution. Projects The Ministry has brought out revised are also encouraged for development of guidelines in 2006 for supporting research biodegradable plastics, to carryout

172 Annual Report 2009-2010 epidemiological studies, strategies to reduce conservation of resources for general impact of mining, chemical pollution of soils, improvement of the relationship between man and hazardous substances including and his environment. The programme seeks pesticides, heavy metals etc. Projects related to provide a scientific basis to solve the to waste recycling and resource recovery from practical problems of resource management. waste along with the development of eco- The programme also seeks to provide a friendly and cleaner technologies are given scientific knowledge and trained personnel priority. The projects are supported in the needed to manage the natural resources in identified thrust area of environment research. a rational and sustainable manner. Ecosystem studies become even more important as the Under the Thematic Group ‘Prevention, Earth’s environmental ecosystems are Abatement and Control of Pollution’, three increasingly being affected at all levels. Programmes / Schemes are covered namely Ecological understanding and research in this i) Environment Research ii) National River area offer tangible hope for addressing Conservation and iii) Climate Change / Clean extremely complex and potentially devastating Technologies. During the financial year (up assaults on local, regional and global to 23.02.2010) Five meetings of the Thematic ecosystems. Under the scheme, emphasis is Group were held to consider the new / laid on multi-disciplinary aspects of revised/ comments received new proposals environmental conservation with emphasis on & review / monitor the ongoing / completed eco-system approach consistent with the projects. Total one hundred sixty eight identified thrust areas and orientation. proposals were considered by the Expert 7 Group of which forty nine are recommended. During the year under Ecosystem Based on the recommendations of the Expert Research Scheme four new projects were Group twenty eight new projects have been initiated, seven studies were completed and sanctioned during the period. Progress of forty fifteen projects were reviewed and monitored nine ongoing projects was reviewed and for their progress. monitored, twenty five revised and forty three Eastern and Western Ghats Research comments received proposals considered Programme (E&WGRP) during the year. The Expert Group also reviewed the Final Technical Report (FTR) of The Eastern and Western Ghats six completed projects during the period (up Research Programme addresses itself to to 23.02.2010). location-specific problems of resource management in the Eastern and Western Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS) Ghats regions of the country. The region is Ecosystem Research Scheme is an inter- suffering from destruction of habitats of its disciplinary programme of research which unique plant and animal life due to floods, emphasizes ecological approach for studying hoalson, deforestation etc. besides shortage the relationship between man and of food, fodder and fuel for rural population environment. The objective of the programme and shortage of raw material for the industries. is to develop a basis within the field of natural Under this programme, studies relating to Bio- and social sciences for rational use and diversity, land use, impact of developmental

173 Ministry of Environment & Forests activities etc. are taken up to restore the to consider the new / revised/ comments environmental quality of the region. received new proposals & review / monitor During the year under E&WGRP two the ongoing / completed projects. Total one new projects were initiated, twelve studies hundred eighty proposals were considered were completed and twenty one projects were by the Expert Group. Based on the reviewed and monitored for their progress. recommendations of the Expert Group twenty new projects have been recommended during Thematic Group on ‘Economic & Social Issues’ the period. Progress of twenty three ongoing projects was reviewed and monitored and During the year 2007-08, Ministry has fifteen new proposals send for further revision constituted new Thematic Group- ‘Economic by the Group during the year. The Expert & Social Issues’. Though no specific Group also reviewed the Final Technical programme will be covered under this Report (FTR) of eight completed projects during thematic group, the group would consider all the period (up to 23.02.2010). proposals related to cost benefit analysis, socio-economic issues and other miscellaneous Thematic Group-B on Conservation issues. and Management of Wildlife and During the year one meeting of the Animal Welfare Thematic Group was held to consider the Under the Thematic Group-B on new / revised proposals & review / monitor Conservation and Management of Wildlife the ongoing / completed (FTR) projects. Four and Animal Welfare, two Programmes are new and three comments received projects covered namely Wildlife Conservation and were considered by the Expert Group. Based Animal Welfare. During the Financial Year on the recommendations of the Expert Group (up to 31.12.2009) one meetings of the one new project has been sanctioned during Thematic Group were held to consider the the period. Progress of one ongoing project was reviewed and monitored during the year. new / revised/ comments received new The Expert Group also reviewed the three proposals & review / monitor the on going / FTR of completed project during the period. completed projects. Total fifty three proposals were considered by the Expert Group. Based Thematic Group-B on Conservation on the recommendations of the Expert Group and Sustainable Utilization of Natural five new projects have been recommended and Resources progress of eighteen ongoing projects was Under the Thematic Group-B on reviewed and monitored during the year. The Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Expert Group also reviewed the Final Technical Natural Resources’, four Programmes are Report (FTR) of two completed projects during covered namely i) Mangroves and Coral Reefs the period (up to 31.12.2009). ii) Wet Lands iii) Biodiversity Conservation iv) Man & Bio-sphere reserves. During the The total allocation for R&D Scheme Financial Year (up to 23.02.2010) Two during 2009-10 is Rs. 6.0 crores. The entire meetings of the Thematic Group were held amount is utilized for ongoing and new

174 Annual Report 2009-2010 projects based on the recommendations of occurred only at higher altitudes (800-1500 the Thematic Expert Groups. m or more) of southern Western Ghats and prefer to stay in higher elevations. The day Summaries / Research findings of some of roots of Cynopterus brachyotis at an altitude the Projects completed during the year above 1000 metre in Sirumalai hill range Studies of the biosystematics of parasitic Yercaud have been located. From our radio- of Eupelmidae (Hymenoptera) of Kerala telemetry observation, the male and female including Southern Western Ghats by Dr. T.C. bats used five & six different foraging areas Narendran, Department of Zoology, University respectively and the male bats foraged ca.4 of Calicut-673635, Kerala to 4.5 km and the female bats foraged ca. The project was sanctioned to make five to six kilometre. Males generally an inventory of the genera species of Eupelmid preferred to forage at shorter distances from fauna existing in Kerala including the the day roost whereas the females commutes adjoining parts of Southern Ghats. During to longer distance and thy had more than the project period forty eight additional one foraging areas. These results suggest species and four genera were reported. that some type of territoriality is associated Among these thirty species are new to science. with shelter, which appears to be the basis This taxonomic investigation in the Southern of social organization in Cynopterus Western Ghats unraveled several endemic brachyotis. species of interesting and economically Identification of New Thrust / Priority Areas important eupelmids. Only twenty six 7 Eupelmid species in eight genera were known A State of the Art Report on Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites in India before undertaking this investigation. The has been given to Prof. MNV Prasad, Central complete check-list for all eupelmid species University, Hyderabad and the same is under found in Southern Western Ghats were finalization and publication. prepared, that can be used as a reference material for further study in taxonomy, The progress of the project on biocontol, agriculture and biodiversity. The “Reclamation of copper rich Malajkhand bio-geographic distribution data of the tailing dam through Bioremediation employing Eupelmids prepared and the need to conserve biconsortia of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi them is emphasized. and bacteria” taken up by Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board in collaboration with Behavioural ecology of the lesser Dog faced fruit Bat by Dr. Sripathi Kandula, Department M/s Hindustan Copper Ltd. was reviewed by the Expert Group. The committee has identified of Animal Behaviour & Physiology, some contaminated sites to be taken up under Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021 the programme. The aim of this study was to study the behavioural ecology of the lesser dog-faced New Initiatives under R&D Scheme fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis in southern During the year, in addition to the Western Ghats. Cynopterus brachyotis ongoing programmes in the area of Research

175 Ministry of Environment & Forests in Environment under the R&D scheme, the prepared and is available in the website of following four new initiatives have been taken the Ministry. up: Institution of Mahatma Gandhi Chair for – Institution of MoEF – National Environment Ecology and Environment Fellow Programmes A Mahatma Gandhi Chair for – Institution of Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecology and Environment has been set up at Ecology and Environment the Centre for Biodiversity Studies, Baba – Collaborative Research Programme with Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, CSIR. Jammu & Kashmir during 2009-10. The main – New Institutions - National Environment objective of the Chair is to promote Gandhian Protection Training & Research Institute thoughts, ideas and philosophy on (NEPTRI). Environment & Development with a view to attaining sustainable development in the truest Institution of a National Environmental sense. The Fellow for the Chair will be selected Sciences Felllows Programme by a Selection Committee to be constituted The National Environmental Sciences by the Vice Chancellor, Baba Ghulam Shah Fellows Programme, a new initiative under Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu & the R&D scheme of the Ministry, was launched Kashmir, in consultation and with the approval by the Minister for Environment & Forests on of the Ministry. 4th February, 2010. The main objective of this fellowship programme is to provide an The selected Fellow will work on any opportunity for young scientists-both Indian one of the eleven thrust areas identified by and of Indian origin- desirous of working at the Ministry. Detailed guidelines are under the forefront of environmental sciences and finalisation. engineering with a focus on problem solving Collaborative Research Programme with CSIR environmental research. It is proposed to select upto ten National Environmental Sciences During the year action has been Fellows every year who would be functioning initiated to set up a Collaborative Research as Host Institutions. The National Programme with CSIR. The thrust areas Environmental Sciences Fellows will carry out identified for this programme are as follows: research on the thrust areas identified by the – Waste water treatment Management Committee constituted for the – Solid waste management purpose by the Ministry, at the selected Host – Reclamation of lakes Institutions. – Bioremediation of contaminated sites A booklet containing detailed guidelines including the proforma for A proposal has been received from submission of application, Memorandum of the National Environmental Engineering Understanding to be entered into between Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur which is the Host Institutions and MoEF etc. has been under examination.

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National Environment Protection Training & inventory of resource availability. Research Institute (NEPTRI) – Reducing regional imbalances by effective It is proposed to set up a specialized planning and in tune with the environmental National Environmental Institute which will efforts undertake capacity building, research, – Maintaining the ecological balance with a consultancy and advocacy activities to support view to evolve and implement the the Ministry and other Central & State environmental guidelines. Government organizations in achieving their environmental mandates and goals. In this The Standing Committee on Bio- regard, it has been decided that the resources and Environment (SC-B) constituted Environment Protection Training & Research by the Planning Commission advises on the Institute (EPTRI), which is owned and operated methods of using the remote sensing by the Government of Andhra Pradesh technology for optimal use and management (GoAP), shall be converted into a National of natural resources in the country. In order Environment Protection Training & Research to streamline the projects the SC-B has Institute (NEPTRI), to be operated as a joint constituted a Technical & Financial Sub- venture between Government of India and Committee to scrutinize/review all the the GoAP. proposals submitted for funding under NNRMS SC-B from the technical and financial The Government of Andhra Pradesh angle. Only those proposals recommended has conveyed its approval for the same and by the Technical and Financial Sub-Committee 7 action has been initiated for the setting up are taken up by NNRMS SC-B for financial of NEPTRI as a joint venture between the assistance. The Committee also oversees and Ministry and GoAP. monitors the progress of sanctioned projects National Natural Resource Achievements during the year Management System (NNRMS) During the year, two Meetings of The Scheme of National Natural Technical and Financial Sub – Committee of Resource Management System (NNRMS) National Natural Resource Management involves utilization of remote sensing System on Bio-resources and Environment technology for accurate inventory of resources (NNRMS SC-B) were held to evaluate the such as land, water, forests, minerals, oceans, new projects from financial and technical etc. and to utilize this information for angles. Based on the recommendations of monitoring changes in ecological system. A The Standing Committee of NNRMS SC-B, Standing Committee on Bio-resources and Eight new projects have been initiated/ Environment (SC-B) has been constituted by sanctioned during the period (Annexure-III). the Planning Commission under the The Standing Committee of NNRMS SC-B in Chairmanship of Secy. (E&F) with the following its meeting held on 10th February, 2009 objectives: recommended six new projects including two – Optimal utilization of country’s natural mega projects for funding. The Standing resources by a proper and systematic Committee also reviewed the recently

177 Ministry of Environment & Forests completed two mega projects (Annexure-IV) the approved Management Action Plan for and suggested that the Final Technical Report the Coastal States and UTs. The National (FTR) of the project should be submitted and Committee met on 29-30th September, placed before the Technical and Financial 2009 at Andhra University, Sub-Committee of NNRMS SC-B for its perusal Vishakhapatnam and reviewed the and acceptance. Management Action Plans of Gujarat, Tamil Based on the results obtained and Nadu, West Bengal, Orissa, Karnataka and experience gained during the implementation Goa. The National Committee also of the project on “Monitoring of Snow and discussed the significant research findings Glaciers in Himalayas” the Ministry of on ongoing projects on Mangroves and Environment & Forests has decided to continue Coral Reefs. the work on snow and glacier monitoring in G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan the Himalaya and suggested that Space Environment and Development, Applications Centre (SAC) take up this work Kosi-Katarmal, Almora in collaboration with all the organizations of the country working in this field. Accordingly, Introduction phase-II of the project has been prepared by G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan the SAC, Ahmedabad for consideration by Environment and Development (GBPIHED) was the Ministry. Under this project the Monitoring established in August 1988 by the Ministry of seasonal snow cover for the entire Himalaya of Environment and Forests, Government of and Monitoring the retreat/advance of the India, as an autonomous Institute, with a glaciers in the representative basins will be mandate of achieving sustainable taken up. development and environmental conservation The Hon’ble MOS (I/C) E&F released in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). The the MoEF discussion paper on ‘Himalayan Institute executes its mandate through the Glaciers: A State-of-Art Review of Glacial Headquarters located at Kosi-Katarmal, Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change’ Almora (Uttarakhand), and four regional Units on 9th November,2009, prepared by Shri located at Kullu (Himachal Pradesh), Srinagar- V.K. Raina, Ex-Deputy Director General, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Pangthang (Sikkim) Geological Survey of India (GSI).. and Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh). The Research on Wetlands, Mangroves Institute designs and implements R&D activities and Coral Reefs on priority environmental problems; develops and demonstrates best practices and delivers – Under National Wetland Conservation technology packages for improved livelihood Programme during the year, Management options for the people of IHR. The identified Action Plan of twenty seven wetlands have thematic categories for Institute R&D activities been approved. Details about it are given include: (i) Watershed Processes and at Chapter-2. Management (WPM), (ii) Biodiversity – The National Committee of Mangroves and Conservation and Management (BCM), (iii) Coral Reefs monitor the implementation of Environmental Assessment and Management

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(EAM), (iv) Socio-economic Development base paper subsequently formed the basis (SED), (v) Biotechnological Applications (BTA), of a joint publication of MoEF and GBPIHED and (vi) Knowledge Products and Capacity “Governance for Sustaining Himalayan Building (KCB). The projects sites, spread over Ecosystem – G-SHE : Best Practices and different parts of IHR, have been selected Guidelines”. The document was released carefully keeping in view the biophysical by Hon’ble Minister of State (I/C), MoEF heterogeneity and location-specific needs of on 29.9.09. the inhabitants. All activities are need-based, – Institute has been designated as Technical target-oriented and time-bound. Research, Secretariat for the Himalayan Sustainable demonstration and dissemination are Development Forum (Shimla Declaration) underlying elements of all project activities based on Himalayan Chief Ministers’ geared towards development of environment- Conclave held in October, 2009 at Shimla. friendly technology packages. – Institute contributed to the discussion paper Objectives on Himalayan Glaciers: A State-of-Art Review of Glacier Studies, Glacier Retreat The Institute has three broad objectives: & Climate Change published jointly with – To undertake in-depth research and MoEF and released by Hon’ble Minister of development studies on environmental State (I/C), MoEF on 09.11.09. problems of the Indian Himalayan Region; – A draft document for the Task Force of – To identify and strengthen the local Planning Commission of India on critical 7 knowledge of the environment and issues related to hill states and hill areas contribute towards strengthening researches was prepared. of regional relevance; and – Based on the feasibility document prepared – To evolve and demonstrate suitable by the Institute, the Ministry has designated technology packages and delivery systems the Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) for sustainable development of the region covering parts of Himachal Pradesh; on in harmony with local perceptions. receipt of concurrence from the State Government, the relevant parts of J & K Progress/Achievements made during the year may be included in the CDBR. The achievements with wide range – Through implementation of GOI-UNDP CCF- implications include the following: II project of Biodiversity Conservation – Contribution toward the development of a through community based Natural Resource document for National Mission on Management, the Institute mobilized tribal Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem; as communities for participation in the desired by MoEF, the Institute prepared a conservation work in remote areas of draft Base Paper “Conservation of Arunachal Pradesh. Himalayan Ecosystem and Adaptation/ – The Disaster Management faculty, Sikkim Regulation Measures” for the SEPM. The Unit of the Institute continued to act as

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resource center for capacity building of theme, group focuses on studies of ecosystem various stakeholder groups in Sikkim. processes operational at the watershed level, – Through its Integrated Eco-development including the involvement of user groups and Research Programme, the Institute upstream-downstream linkages, with an extended funding support to Universities, overall aim of strengthening of mountain R&D Institutions, NGOs and others in the specific resource management practices using IHR to carry out time bound R&D projects a systems approach. The KCB theme of this supplementing the mandate of the group conducts activities that lead to Institute. During the year, support to enhancement of Institutional outreach, based eighteen on-going/completed projects on its research products such as state-of-the was given. art methodologies/approaches, models and policy briefs, etc. Research and Development Achievements Biodiversity Conservation and Management Socio Economic Development (SED) & (BCM) & Biotechnological Applications (BTA) Environmental Assessment and Management (EAM) The group includes two thematic areas The group includes two themes; (i) Biodiversity Conservation and Management (i) Socio Economic Development (SED) which (BCM), and (ii) Biotechnological Applications focuses on activities, such as livelihood (BTA); the aim is to ensure long term enhancement, sustainable tourism, conservation of sensitive Himalayan entrepreneurship and self employment, biodiversity elements and improvement in the indigenous knowledge, and socio-economic rural economy of the Indian Himalayan and cultural implications, migration, etc; and Region. (ii) Environmental Assessment and Application of R & D outputs in Demonstration Management (EAM) targeting on activities and Dissemination such as hill specific Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Environmental Impact Capacity building through Rural Technology Assessment (EIA), valuation of ecosystem Center (RTC) services, climate change impacts, disaster – A total of thirty two hill specific and mitigation and management, and environment friendly technologies those environmental management of urban areas, were demonstrated at the Rural etc. Technology Center (Institute HQs) acted Watershed Processes and Management as live demonstrations for capacity (WPM) & Knowledge Products and Capacity building of six hundred fifty seven rural Building (KCB) inhabitants (three hundred eighty male & two hundred seventy seven females). Watershed Process and Management (WPM) and Knowledge Products and – RTC organized three training programme Capacity Building (KCB) are two major for the farmers of three districts (Tehri thematic thrusts of this group. Through its WPM Garhwal, Chamoli and Bageshwar) in

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Uttarakhand under Livelihood Forest Environment & Wildlife improvement programme of Uttarakhand Management Department, Roads & Parvatiya Aajeevika Sanvardhan Bridges, Geological Survey of India, DST, Company (UPASaC). The programme Border Road Organization, NGO, resulted in capacity building of eighty Police, etc.). progressive farmers, selected by On site trainings and exposure UPASaC. – On-site trainings and formal meetings – Capacity building programmes were also were organized, covering over twenty organized for the farmers of eight villages nine villages, four Van Panchayat, three in upper Kedar valley (Garhwal hills in NGO groups and one hundred forty Uttarakhand). The programmes focused farmers in Uttarakhand. Also, a two-day on organic farming, off-seasonal on-site training programme on “Fodder vegetable cultivation, protected farming, production in community lands for bioprospecting/value addition, fish livelihood enhancement” was organized farming, mushroom cultivation, medicinal for forty five stakeholders plant cultivation and entrepreneurship development. – Seven days training programme on “Nature Science Activity Camp” was – Training programmes were organized for organized focusing on medicinal plants senior and middle level officers for many conservation. Over fifty participants of the State Government Departments 7 (i.e., Irrigation & Flood control, Health representing students, teachers and & PHE, Building and Housing NGOs of the Kullu valley participated. Department, UD & HD, Mines & Geology, – Towards promoting outreach through

Fig-34. Exposure visit on conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants organised by GBPIHED

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Conservation Education (CE), training publication of research papers in scientific workshop was organized at G.I.C. Matli, journals and magazines, popular articles and Uttarkashi. A total of one hundred six books and through Institute publications: Pt. individuals (representing thirty schools) G.B. Pant Memorial Lectures by eminent participated. Also, Under PROBE thinkers and scholars, Hima-Paryavaran prgramme of DST, training programmes (Biannual-Newsletter), ENVIS Bulletin, ENVIS were organized for identified teachers Newsletter, Himalayan Biosphere Reserve and students of Himachal Pradesh (twenty Bulletin (Biannual) by Lead centre, and Annual schools) and Uttarakhand (twenty one Report. schools). Budget Allocation of the Scheme during the Strengthening of ICIMOD- India Programmes year and Progress of Expenditure The GBPIHED, which has been An amount of Rs.1000.00 lakh was identified as nodal institute to represent Nodal allocated for this scheme and of which Ministry MoEF for coordination and facilitation Rs.739.35 lakh has been spent upto 18-01- of implementation of ICIMOD-India 2010. programmes, made significant strides for strengthening the collaboration with ICIMOD. Forestry Research The major initiatives during the year include: Indian Council of Forestry Research (i) Organization of joint photo-exhibitions on and Education (ICFRE), Dehradun ‘Himalaya – Changing Landscape’ at Kosi- Katarmal, Almora (September 10-12, 2009); Indian Council of Forestry Research Shimla (October 29-30, 2009); Mohal-Kullu and Education (ICFRE), an apex body in the (November 2-3, 2009); Srinagar, Garhwal national forestry research system, has been (November 6-7, 2009); (ii) Extensive undertaking the holistic promotion of forestry consulation and signing of LoA for research through need based planning, implementation of ‘Mt Kailash Sacred promoting, conducting and coordinating Landscape (KSL) Conservation Initiative research, education and extension covering project; (iii) Implementation of activities all aspects of forestry. The Council promotes pertaining to small duration projects – the solution based forestry research in ‘Development of Baseline Information and tune with the emerging issues in the sector, Identification of Potential Corridors for including global concerns such as climate (tiger reserve) and change, conservation of biological diversity, (Arunachal Pradesh), combating desertification and sustainable and Assessment of Biodiversity Value and management and development of resources. Ecosystem Services in the Protected Areas of Topical research by the Council enhances Sikkim. public confidence in the ability of forest Dissemination of Findings managers and researchers to successfully Throughout the year, the R&D findings handle challenges related to natural resource of the Institute were disseminated through management.

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Objectives – Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI), Jorhat

– To undertake, aid, promote and coordinate – Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), Jodhpur forestry education, research and their – Himalayan Forest Research Institute (HFRI), applications. Shimla – To develop and maintain a national library and information centre for forestry and – Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), Ranchi allied sciences. Advanced Research Centres under the Council – To act as a collating-house for research are and general information related to forests – Centre for Social Forestry and Eco- and wildlife. Rehabilitation (CSFER), Allahabad

– To develop forestry extension programmes – Centre for Forestry Research and Human and propagate the same through mass Resource Development (CFRHRD), media, audio-visual aids and extension Chhindwara machinery. – Forest Research Centre (FRC), Hyderabad – To provide consultancy services in the field of forestry research, education and allied – Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo and sciences. Rattans (ARCBR), Aizawl 7 – To undertake other jobs considered Activities undertaken by the Council General necessary to attain these objectives. – Shri Jairam Ramesh Hon’ble Minister of Institutes and Centres under the Council State (Independent charge) for Environment & Forests, Government of India, visited ICFRE has eight Regional Research ICFRE and FRI, Dehradun on 2nd June 2009 Institutes and four Research Centres located in different bio-geographical regions of the and reviewed the activitites of ICFRE and country to cater to the forestry research needs discussed the issues of initiating All India of the nation. Co-ordinated Project (AICP) in mining sector and strengthening of some of the Research Research Institutes under the Council are Centres of the Council.

– Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun – ICFRE along with delegation of Government – Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree of India participated in the thirtieth session Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and – Institute of Wood Science and Technology Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), (IWST), Bengaluru sixth session of AWG-LCA, and eighth – Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI), session of AWG-KP at Bonn, Germany from Jabalpur 1st to 12th June.

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– ICFRE as a part of Government of Indian findings of the project including the new delegation participated in the Climate condensed database in compatible formats. Change talk held at Bonn, Germany from A statement from the International Tropical 10th to 14th August. Timber Organization (ITTO) was also read during the seminar in which the – ICFRE in Co-ordination with Coalition for implementation of the project has been Rainforest Nations (CfRN) organized a three appreciated by the funding agency. The day international workshop on “National modalities of creating a Forestry Statistical Forest Inventory: The Experiences of Non- System in the country based on the Annex I Countries” from 27th to 29th April experiences in terms of terminology, 2009 at ICFRE, Dehradun. The workshop methodology and technology was also was attended by sixty one delegates from discussed.The seminar was attended by thirty two countries, and subject experts from thirty four participants from the State Forest six international organizations from GTZ, Departments, Nodal Officers (Statistics) of FAO, World Bank Forest Carbon Partnership ICFRE Institutes, other organizations like Facility, EU JRC, CfRN, and Japan TIFAC, Kerala Forest Research Institute, International Cooperation Agency. National Sample Survey Organization, – ICFRE concluded the ICFRE- ITTO project Forest Survey of India, etc. with a one - day wrap-up national seminar Institute-wise Development in the field of th held on 26 June 2009. The project initiated Research on 1st July 2006, which was being implemented by the Division of Statistics, Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun Directorate of Extension ICFRE. The seminar – Identification of four phenolic acids in was held primarily to disseminate the heartwood of Eucalyptus hybrid derived

Fig-35. Participants of the International Workshop on ‘National Forest Inventory: the experience of Non-Annex I countries at ICFRE, Dehradun

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from Eucalyptus citriodora and in survival. Sprouting was observed in E.torelliana. plants of Acacia ampliceps which were scorched due to salt laden hot winds from – Identification of four accessions of Acorus rann side. The plants of Acacia ampliceps calamus plant with less b –Asarone content were scorched due to salt laden hot winds useful for pharmaceutical industry from rann side. Damage is extensive and – Finding of aromatic oils having antifungal occurred around 26-28 May 09. Some activity against fungal infestation of stored new leaves were observed. Damage was medicinal plant produce less in case of Acacia bivenosa and negligible in case of Salvadora persica. – Assessments of pathogenicity of Dreshlera Deposition of salty soil was observed on isolates (15) on G3 clone of Populus all the plants in and around the deltoids. experimental area. Designing species specific primers for quick – From the pulverized twigs of Commiphora identification of Cordyceps sinensis. wightii (Pre & post ethephone treatment in – Under the “Digitization of FRI Herbarium” 07-08) soxhlet was extracted with programme, 544 species details and 2992 petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The herbarium label data cards were prepared. petroleum ether contents was 1.7 to 1.9 In all 2435 specimens were digitized of % in the pre ethephone treated plants. which 2024 were edited for uploading in While EtOAc content was ranging from 7 the database. 0.69-1.52%. There is increase in secondary metabolite contents after ethephone Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), Jodhpur treatment and it was ranging from 1.9 to – It was observed that soils of Sri 3.3% and 1.4 to 2.25% for petroleum ether Ganganagar district are mainly old alluvial and EtOAc fractions. covered with aeolian deposits of varying – Under the project “Enhancing Productivity sizes supporting desert dune scrub type of of Saline Wastelands in Kachchh, through vegetation. The vegetation like Leptadenia Improved Tree Planting Techniques and pyrotechnica and Haloxylon salicornicum Silvipastoral Study” annual growth penetrated their root up to soil depth of measurement in silvipastoral trials at Bhuj 190 and 160 cm, respectively. There was were revealed. Based on mean height and no characteristic soil horizon development crown diameter, above ground biomass signifying the nature of Entisols. At some estimation was done for Zyziphus mauritiana places gypsum deposition observed at and Cordia gharaf in control and with grass shallow depth. In another study Salvadora treatments. Fresh weight was determined in persica proved to be the most hardy plant field. Green grass yield was estimated for surviving extemely harsh conditions of high Cenchrus ciliaris and C. setigerus. salinity, heat stress and drought followed – The study revealed Salvadora persica by Acacia bivenosa with 3 to 11% decrease (92%), and Acacia bivenosa (84%) to be

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the hardiest plants surviving the extremely – Developed a modified simple protocol for harsh conditions of high salinity, heat stress estimation of carbonic anhydrase activity. and drought conditions on silty clay black In general, different assay methods, namely, medium depth soil after twenty four months manometric, colorimetric and electrometric of establishment. Acacia ampliceps (50%) are in use for the assay of carbonic showed revival and has the potential to anhydrase. The activity of carbonic perform. anhydrase are measured by titrimetry, where the titration of H+ ions produced in Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding a titration reaction and the variations in pH (IFGTB), Coimbatore were detected using a titration indicator. – Phyllanthus acidus was observed for The comparisons of methods with the antioxidant activity. Reducing power assay titration modified procedure shows that it method revealed that fruits collected from offers a satisfactory alternative to the usual showed rich activity of electrometric method to achieve the same antioxidant activity (48.15%) followed by standard of precision. Dharmaburi (47.27%), (46.31%), Institute of Wood Science and Technology Thirumangalam (45.08%), Thanjavur (IWST), Bangalore (43.81%), Coimbatore (43.02%) and Kanyakumari (42.40%). – The project- “Productivity and interaction studies in Acacia Hybrid based – Inoculation of artificially cultured Frankia Agroforestry practices in Karnataka” was (actinomycete) strain isolated from completed. Casuarina junghuhniana to the seedlings of C. junghuhniana at early seedling stage – The project on “Assessment of seed quality (fourteen days). After twenty one days of in unimproved populations, seed production inoculation the young seedlings in the areas and seed orchards of Tectona mother bed showed root nodule formation, grandis” was concluded. The study reveals which are nitrogen fixing sites, are rarely the importance of SPA resource of “quality found in the young seedlings. These root seeds”, based on morphological characters nodules enhance the growth of C. and seed germination fruits collected from junghuhniana during seedling stage. all Teak SPAs, has better quality as compared to unimproved populations. – Assessed the efficacy of crude secondary plant derivatives of Aegle marmelos and Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI), its seed oil on important pests of teak Jabalpur seedlings at nursery stage, Valluvasery, – The detailed field observations revealed Nilambur (North), Kerala. The preliminary that the white grubs, Holotrichia rustica, H. observation revealed that the individual mucida and Schizonycha ruficollis were bioactive compounds present in Aegle recorded as pest on teak seedlings for the marmelos were very effective against the first time. Studies were undertaken for teak defoliator and nematode at nursery developing effective Integrated Pest stage. Management (IPM) of this pest. It was

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observed that there has been an increase yield data on bamboo intercropping trial in the incidence of Holotrichia and were recorded. Schizonycha white grub species mainly on – Seedlings of Calamus namborensis were teak (Tectona grandis), due to the increased collected from Risakthepei area of Nambor seedling production in forest nurseries. At RF and planted at Botanical garden of RFRI, Ramdongari Forest Nursery, FDCM, Jorhat under the project “Assessment of Nagpur, the damage incidence may go up Rattan Diversity and Conservation Strategy to fifty two percent. The developed IPM with Reference to Assam”. package included hand-picking of grubs Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla as a mechanical option along with trap-n- kill method, followed by treatments in the – Alnus nitida besides Quercus nursery beds in judicious combination of leucotrichophora – has been identified as chemicals and biological control agents. another natural host for Indian Gypsy Moth This practice proved to be successful in in Kullu Valley. management of the white grub population Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi in the nursery. – The institute has identified species specific Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI), Jorhat molecular markers (RAPD) for eastern Indian – Maintenance and gap filling of field trials bamboo species visually, Bambusa of B. balcooa, B. bambos and D. hamiltonii balcooa, B. bambos, B.tulda, B.nutans and at trial sites in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Dendrocalamus strictus (shown as A, B, C, 7 Nagaland and Tripura was done. Data D and E respectively in the figure below). collection for growth parameters of bamboo The markers have resolved the problem of in different treatments and yield estimation taxonomic identification of closely of intercrop for the year is under progress resembling bamboo species especially B. under the project-”Development of Suitable tulda and B. nutans. Molecular Agro-forestry Models for Promoting Bamboo characterization of superior accessions of Cultivation Outside Forests in Northeast Jatropha curcas and clonal fidelity studies Region”. in tissue culture raised plantlets have also been carried out successfully. – RFRI, Jorhat completed digitization of soil type map of Nagaland under the project Extension activities by ICFRE and its “Establishment of GIS laboratory for Institutes systematic creation, management and up- – International Day of Biodiversity was gradation of GIS based forest-database of celebrated at FRI, Dehradun,TFRI, Jabalpur North-east India”. HFRI, Shimla, IWST, Bangalore, AFRI, – Under the project “On-farm innovation in Jodhpur and IFP Ranchi on 22nd May 2009. macro-proliferation technique and Various activities including talk on promotion for commercial plantation of “Biodiversity and Invasive Alien Species” edible bamboo shoot species” growth and at IWST, Bangalore; planting neem trees

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at AFRI, Jodhpur and a workshop on Services and Production of Forests, Invasive Alien Species (IAS) at IFP, Ranchi Woodlands and Trees Outside Forests” from were undertaken. 9th to 13th November 2009. – FRI, Dehradun, IWST, Bangalore, IFGTB, – AFRI, Jodhpur and Indian Institute of forest Coimbatore, AFRI, Jodhpur and IFP, Ranchi Management, Bhopal jointly organized celebrated the World Environment Day, one-day Consultative Workshop on 2009 on 5th June 2009. The theme of the “Development of Criteria and Indicators for celebration was “Your Planet Needs You Sustainable NTFP Management” on 29th – Unite to Combat Climate Change”. As August, 2009, at AFRI, Jodhpur. The main part of the celebrations, the institutes objective of the workshop was to provide organized a commemorative tree planting a forum for linking various agencies, programme. AFRI, Jodhpur released leaflet institutions and stakeholders dealing with containing research highlights of the dry and arid NTFP species and their institute, in Hindi, on this occasion. ecological systems and to share experiences and knowledge, related to the development – AFRI, Jodhpur celebrated World Day to of C & I Combat Desertification on 17th June 2009 by planting of Commiphora wightii Consultancies undertaken by ICFRE and its (Guggul) Sh. Malkhan Singh, Hon’ble MLA, Institutes of Luni constituency was the chief guest – The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Sh. Rahul Parashar, Councillor, Division under the Directorate of Extension, Sardarpura, Jodhpur was the Guest of ICFRE, Dehradun successfully completed Honour on this occasion. Leaflets and Environmental Impact Assessment studies pamphlets on “Desertification: Challenges and formulated Environmental Management and Strategies for Control” were released Plan of the Kotlibhel Hydro electric project by the dignitaries. A presentation on stage-II (KHEP) for National Hydro Power Draught and Desertification was also made Corporation Ltd (NHPC). As per the by Dr. G.Singh, Scientist-E of AFRI requirement of the PCCF, Uttrakhand a – The World Earth Day was observed at supplementary study on the downstream IFGTB, Coimbatore on 22nd April 2009. micro- watersheds was taken up for The Officers, Scientists and staff of the identification of potential habitat for institute participated in a shramdhan and restoration of identified micro-watershed to cleaned the campus premises. facilitate the Tor putitora, the important cold water migratory fish, in the rivers Bhagirathi – FRI, Dehradun celebrated the “National and Ganga. Also, as desired by the Forest Technology Day’ on 11th May 2009 by Advisory Committee (FAC), Ministry of allowing free entry to all six museums for Environment and Forests, Government of the visitors. India, a joint presentation in collaboration – FRI, Dehradun organized International with H N B Garhwal University Srinagar Symposium on “Multi-Purpose Forestry: (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, was made to Managing and Enhancing Ecosystem appraise the committee on the project based

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impact for KHEB –1A, KHEB-1B and KHEB management and ensures proper integration stage –II to be implemented by NHPC on of external and indigenous knowledge suitable the environment of the area. to Indian context. – ICFRE, Dehradun, IFGTB, Coimbatore, FRI, The specific objectives of the Institute Dehradun and IWST, Bangalore undertook are: field visit to Bhutan and North Bengal for Education and Training the baseline study on fauna and flora from 11th to 21st May 2009 for Bunakha – To meet the demand for the trained human Multipurpose Hydroelectric project for resource with managerial and analytical updation of DPR and Environmental Impact skills in the areas of forestry, environment Assessment and Environmental and development management through Management Plan for Sankosh regular educational courses. Multipurpose Hydroelectric project, Bhutan. – To update the knowledge and managerial – FRI, Dehradun provided consultancy on skills of the serving professionals in the “Development of Bambusetum” at Garhi above areas through short-term training Mandu in National Capital Territory, Delhi Programs. funded by Govt. of Delhi. Research and Consultancy – FRI, Dehradun provided consultancy on – To generate information on field realities “Development of potted plants for NCT of and derive meaningful interpretation Delhi” funded by Govt. of Delhi. through systematic research. 7 – FRI, Dehradun provided consultancy on – To offer consultancy services to the client preparation of works manual on NREGA organizations based on the available funded by UNDP. expertise. – Govt. of NCT of Delhi awarded FRI, Dissemination Dehradun a consultancy on preparation of the Management Plan of Asola Bhatti – To disseminate the research-based Wildlife Sanctuary, New Delhi information/knowledge and meet the information needs of the forestry, Indian Institute of Forest environment and allied sectors through Management (IIFM), Bhopal training, seminars and publications. The Institute, as a sectoral management Databases and Information Systems institute, imparts education in forest – To generate and maintain relevant management, which is a judicious mixture of databases that are essential for policy forestry, social, and management science. The formulation, project planning and strategy Institute constantly endeavours to keep in touch development in forestry, environment and with the problems of people, especially the allied sectors forest dwellers and undertakes need-based research. The Institute tries to serve as a – To develop an Information Management reservoir of knowledge in the area of forest System, which is compatible with and easily

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accessible for all users, i.e. from local Agriculture Organization of United Nations, (community) to global level. etc. A total of seventeen research studies are ongoing, whereas eight studies were Policy Formulation, Analysis and Advocacy completed by the Institute during the year. – To function as a national ‘think tank’ on Centres of Excellence in ICFRE forestry and environment aimed at developing appropriate policies and International Centre for Community Forestry strategies. (ICCF) – To play an advocacy role in the sectors of The International Centre for Community concern to promote adoption of appropriate Forestry (ICCF) is functioning as a “Centre policies and implementation strategies and of Excellence” to cater to the growing need safeguard the genuine interests of the and interest in Community Forestry (CF) disadvantaged stakeholders whenever initiatives. It aims to promote community necessary without compromising national forestry initiatives and publications in the field interests. of Joint Forest Management (JFM), Self- Initiated Forest Protection (SIFP) and other Research forms of community based forest management – Research is one of the key activities of the system. Institute. As a management institute in the The Centre began functioning actively forestry sector, research activities of applied in 2001, with fund support from the Sir Dorabji nature receive attention in the Institute. Tata Trust (SDTT), Mumbai. Later, it received Drawing on the strength of diversified many projects from various governments and faculty, the institute promotes research non government agencies through which the projects of multidisciplinary nature. Some Centre catered its other ongoing community of the key research areas include forestry projects. The centre publishes a Sustainable Forest Management, newsletter “People and Forests” based on its Management of Non-wood Forest Produce, activities for dissemination of information to Joint Forest Management and Community rest of the world. Forestry, Protected Areas and People, The ICCF envisages programs Marketing of NWFP and MIS, Forest implementation involving exchange of Grazing and Livelihoods, Remote Sensing scientists, researchers and community forestry and GIS application in Forestry etc. Various workers from India and other countries. central and state government departments Center for Ecological Services Management like Ministry of Environment and Forests, (CESM) Department of Science and Technology, State Forest departments, etc. have funded The Center for Ecological Services the research projects at IIFM. Some research Management (CESM) is being set up as an projects have been funded by the interdisciplinary center to address crucial international organizations like International policy issues associated with the complex Tropical Timber Organization, Food and relationship between ecological, social,

190 Annual Report 2009-2010 economic, legal and institutional aspects of Center for Sustainable Forest Management & ecosystem management. The center has the Forest Certification (SFM & FC) mandate to undertake research, consultancy, Forest Certification has emerged as teaching, training activities as well as prepare an important market driven tool and a data base on the values of ecosystem services, mechanism for assessment and monitoring develop and standardize techniques of of forest and forest products. It is a process valuation of and impact that leads to the issuing of a certificate by studies of degradation. It would also network an independent party, which verifies that with national and international organizations an area of forest is managed to a defined in the Natural Resource Management (NRM) standard. sector for promoting professional exchange. The center for SFM & FC represents Currently two projects are being IIFM as member in both the National Working housed under the center (i) CNRM Institutions Group as well as the National Forest and Poverty Reduction in Gujarat And Madhya Pradesh” funded by Shastri Certification Committee, constituted by Govt. Millennial Development Goals Research Grant of India. (2009-2010) with focus on the poverty The center is expected to generate reduction possibilities for village communities the pool of knowledge and understanding of the new decentralized Participatory on the emerging field of Stainable Forest Irrigation Management, Joint Forest Management & Forest Certification for the 7 Management, participatory watershed benefit of forestry sector in the country. management and fisheries cooperatives. The Regional Center for National Afforestation project is executed by the UBC, Canada, and Eco-development Board (RCNAEB) GIDR & DSC, Ahmedabad & IIFM, Bhopal; and (ii) Strengthening Capacity to Alleviate The Regional Center for National Poverty through Ecosystem Services (SCAPES) Afforestation and Eco-development Board, – Putting Methodological Development into (RCNAEB), was established in 1989 at Indian Practice in India” (2008-2009) with the Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, which support of NERC and DFID, UK & UNEP, is one out of seven in the country. The center Kenya. The project is implemented through looks after the States of Madhya Pradesh, the Consortium of organizations comprising Chhatisgarh and Orissa in pursuing the of SWIMMER, U.K. – the coordinating programmes of National Afforestation and institution and University of Cambridge Eco-development Board (NAEB), Ministry of University of Oxford, UNEP’s Ecosystem Environment and Forests (MOEF), Govt. of Economics Research Unit in Nairobi, IIFM, India, New Delhi. Monitoring and evaluation Bhopal; ATREE, Bangalore; GIDR, of plantations raised by forest departments/ Ahmedabad; NEHU, Shillong; CISED, NGO’s is done through this center. Apart Bangalore; Winrock International India, from MoU between MoEF & IIFM, an Advisory Gurgaon; CHIRAG and PSI, Dehradun as core Management Committee and a Core Group partners. of faculty members guide the functioning of

191 Ministry of Environment & Forests the center. So far the center has organized under the Ministry of Environment & Forests, and co-ordinated several training Government of India. From the inception, the programmes, research projects, evaluation Institute has been closely associated with of plantation works done by forest development of plywood and panel industry departments and NGOs, plantation in the country and also instrumental in the assessment for Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha growth, from its infant stage. The Institute Mitra (IPVM) award. remains an industry driven organization. Recognized (since 1989) as a Scientific & Indian Plywood Industries Industrial Research Organization by the Research and Training Institute Government of India under the Department (IPIRTI), Bengaluru of Scientific and Industrial Research Scheme. Established in 1962 as a co-operative The Institute is basically mandated to research laboratory at the initiative of the carry out research and development, training Indian Plywood Industry with participation of and education, testing and standardization the Council of Scientific and Industrial and extension in the field of plywood and Research, Indian Plywood Industries Research panel product manufacturing. The and Training Institute (IPIRTI) is now an multidisciplinary research projects based on autonomous Research and Training Institute the problems identified by the industrial representatives, Institute Scientists and other similar interested organizations, are taken up. This is the only Institute of its kind in the country working for the plywood and panel industries. Due to expertise and credibility established over many years, the Institute has developed a strong relationship with the industry and well recognized for its contribution. As a result, industry continues to support our research efforts. An important and unique aspect of R & D works at the Institute is that lab scale findings are upscaled to industrial level to facilitate their adoption by the Industries. Recent Research activities at ICFRE Reconstituted Face Veneer A technology for the production of face veneers using small girth plantation timbers has been developed at IPIRTI. At present, Fig-36. Face veneer produced from imported timbers like Keruing/Gurjan are reconstituted flitch. peeled to make 0.23 to 0.28 mm thick face

192 Annual Report 2009-2010 veneers for making plywood, due to non- thereby will help in avoiding continued availability of traditional Indian hardwoods. dependence on petroleum resources. Natural The face veneer constitute about 20% of total materials such as Cashew Nut Shell Liquid timber requirement of plywood and import of (CNSL), Tannin, Lignin, etc., have been tried face veneers at present, is to the tune of as a substitute for phenol in the development Rs.8000 Crores. The sources of supply of of PF for panel products. these imported species are getting depleted Tannin is bark extract mostly used for drastically, day by day. Hence this technology converting skin into leather. Tannin contains of making face veneers will facilitate to meet phenolic unit which react with formaldehyde the challenges posed by the shortage of face to polymerize into resin. Mimosa wattle tannin quality veneers. has been used in preparation of tannin Life Cycle Assessment of Wood and Bamboo formaldehyde resin for making particle board Composites and also plywood. But large scale success in the field of plywood adhesive has not been Another important research project reported. For the present work mimosa wattle undertaken by the Institute is “Life Cycle tannin was used as an extender with phenol Assessment of Wood and Bamboo formaldehyde resin for manufacture of Composites” as the bamboo and plantation plywood for i) making a cheaper adhesive, wood based products are biodegradable and ii) making plywood with veneer having higher hence the life span study is a vital necessity moisture content than normal and thus for these new generation products. This will lowering energy requirement for drying. In 7 also facilitate to study the environmental no case the quality of plywood is burden associated with manufacturing of compromised. panel products from resource extraction to end of life. Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun Bio-adhesives Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is a Phenol formaldehyde and urea premier training and research institution in formaldehyde are two major synthetic resin the field of wildlife and protected area polymers used widely for the manufacture of wood and lignocellulose based panel products. Dwindling supply of phenol and ever increasing cost has led to search for material of natural origin to replace phenol in phenol formaldehyde resin. A number of natural materials are available which have, in their molecular architecture, units resembling phenol and are capable of undergoing reactions similar to phenol. Due to their natural origin, these are available on a renewable and sustainable basis and Fig-37. Red Headed Crane

193 Ministry of Environment & Forests management in South Asia. Wildlife research abreast of the current field situations, at the Institute covers ecological, biological, management needs and research trends in socio-economic and managerial aspects of the field and thus constantly enhance its wildlife conservation. The research project professional skill and update its teaching generates valuable academic data, help inputs. evolve study techniques relevant to the Indian During the reporting period thirty two ground conditions and also create a group research projects were ongoing in the Institute. of trained field biologists, socio-economists The following research publications were and wildlife managers. The scientific brought out by the Institute during the reporting information generated is utilized for period: (i) Research Outcomes (1995-2009); management of protected areas. Research and (ii) India’s Green Book (Forests & also enables the institute’s faculty to keep Wildlife).

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8

CHAPTER – 8 EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

195 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Education, Awareness of the Ministry for enhancing the understanding and Training of people at all levels about the relationship Introduction and Objectives between human beings and the environment and to develop capabilities/skills to improve The emergence of environmental and protect the environment. This scheme was issues at the top of the global agenda in launched in 1983-84 with the following basic the context of climate change concerns objectives: underline the need for collective endeavour for protection of environment. This warrants – To develop educational/teaching materials informed and voluntary participation of all and aids in the formal education sector; sections of the people in the movement for – To encourage non-governmental conservation and participation of organizations, mass media and other environment. Awareness of people about concerned organizations for promoting emerging environmental issues and the environmental awareness among the interconnections between the life styles and people at all levels; environment is an essential prerequisite for – To promote environment education through such participation. existing educational/scientific /research Population increase, rapid urbanisation institutions; and industrialisation, increasing needs of – To ensure training and man-power energy etc., have impacted the availability of development in environment education; and natural resources besides denting the quality of environment. The environmental damage – To mobilize people’s participation in the already inflicted cannot be reversed unless conservation and protection of environment there is collective thinking, will and effort. Activities undertaken during the year These call for public awareness and The major programmes undertaken to participation for bringing about an attitudinal achieve the overall objectives of the scheme change and finally restricting further damage are as follows: to the environment. Effective implementation of environmental management and National Green Corps (NGC) conservation programmes depends on Programme education, awareness raising and training in It is a well established and recognised the relevant areas. Without an adequate fact that the children can be catalysts in awareness of the impending challenges and promoting a mass movement about the their implications, few people would be ensemble of the environmental issues. Being motivated to participate actively in future citizens, inculcation of environment programmes on environmental conservation. friendly attitudes and behavioural patterns Environment education and awareness thus amongst them can make a significant assumes critical importance. difference to the long term efforts for protection The ‘Environmental Education, of environment. Children are triggers for a Awareness and Training’ is a flagship scheme chain reaction, making a difference at the

196 Annual Report 2009-2010 local and community level which in due course campaign, nominal financial assistance is lead to awareness at village, city, State, provided to NGOs, schools, colleges, country and global level. MoEF has hence, universities, research institutes, women and embarked upon a major initiative for creating youth organisations, army units, government environmental awareness among children by departments etc. from all over the country for launching National Green Corps (NGC) in conducting awareness raising and action 2001-02. In less than nine years, that the oriented activities. The awareness activities programme has been in operation, it has been could be seminars, workshops, training catapulted into a mass movement of children programmes, camps, padyatras, rallies, for maintaining and preserving the environment. 1,12,844 Eco- clubs have so far been established in NGC Schools across the country. During financial year 2009-10 (as on 23.02.2010), 87,117 Eco-clubs were supported by the Ministry across the country. A country wide training 8 programme for Teachers-in- charge of Eco-clubs initiated during 2007-08 was continued during the year at a cost of Rs. 0.90 Crores. A total of 12,000 Fig-38. ‘Conserve your Environment’ - conveyed by these Eco-club Teachers-in-charge of Eco-clubs members have been trained during the public meetings, exhibitions, essay/debate/ year. painting/poster competitions, folk dances and National Environment Awareness songs, street theatre, puppet shows, Campaign (NEAC) preparation and distribution of environmental The need for a mass movement for education resource materials etc. Action protection of environment needs no emphasis. components could be plantation of trees, The concerns of the people for environment management of household waste, cleaning need to be harnessed into voluntary action. of water bodies, taking up water harvesting This requires a network of nodal agencies structures, use of energy saving devices etc. and grass-root level organisations. Diverse target groups encompassing students, The NEAC was launched in mid 1986 youths, teachers, tribals, farmers, other rural with the objective of creating environmental population, professionals and the general awareness at the national level. In this public are covered under NEAC. The

197 Ministry of Environment & Forests programme is implemented through designated richest documentary bases for scientific Regional Resource Agencies (RRAs) appointed journals in the field of environment and its for specific States/Regions of the country. associated areas. (Annexure-IX) The library performs an important role This programme was continued during in the planning, promotion, implementation 2009-10 with ‘Climate Change’ as the theme. and coordination of the Ministry’s objectives The following sub- themes for action by providing timely access to relevant and components were considered for financial comprehensive information to its users-officials assistance of the Ministry, external organizations (both governmental and non governmental), (i) Plantation Programme, research students, decision makers etc. (ii) Use of wind and solar energy i.e. solar Research scholars from various cookers and solar heaters, organisations, institutions and other (iii) Restoration and maintenance of water professional bodies visited the library for a bodies, variety of information required by them from (iv) Wetland conservation, time to time. (v) Solid waste management and Seminars/Symposia/Workshops composting/vermi-composting, This programme provides a platform to scientists/environmentalists/ University Thirty three Regional Resource professionals/ technocrats, etc, to share their Agencies (RRAs) appointed by the Ministry knowledge on various subjects related to are involved in conducting, supervising and environment. The Ministry provides financial monitoring the NEAC activities during the assistance to the Universities/other year. A total of 11,738 organisations have institutions/NGOs to organise events been involved in the campaign across the (seminars /Symposia/Workshops/ country. The Ministry released a grant of Conferences) and to publish the proceedings. Rs.8.40 Cr to the RRAs for further The scheme facilitates the transfer of technical disbursement among the approved know-how to different people including local participating organizations. population. Library Universities/Professional bodies/ The Library is the documented Technical Institutions and other R&D repository of the Ministry for dissemination organisations are very responsive to the of information in the field of environment and programme as is evidenced by the increase its associated areas. It has a collection of in the number of proposals being received over 25,000 books and Technical reports etc. by the Ministry. Thrust areas as identified Besides, the library also receives more than under the programme are under constant fifty four national/international journals review and being expanded to include more covering diverse areas of environment. Being new areas. During the financial year 2009- the scientific Ministry, Library is one of the 10 (as on 23.02.2010) forty organisations

198 Annual Report 2009-2010 were provided financial assistance for – Production of short duration T.V. spots on conducting seminars/symposia/workshops biodiversity, climate change, use of plastics, etc. pollution, afforestation and environment friendly lifestyles was commissioned during Mass Awareness the year for effective mass awareness Media Cell of the Ministry is mandated campaign on television media with taking up awareness campaigns using Environment Appreciation Courses print and electronic media besides other mass media to enhance awareness about various In order to provide interested persons environmental issues which would in turn an opportunity to learn in detail about specific facilitate better compliance with environment environmental issues, the Ministry facilitates regulations. Media Cell is guided by an provision of a course module through Indira Advisory Committee of Experts on Media Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) Matters under the Chairmanship of for Environmental Appreciation Courses. Secretary(E&F) in this regard. Delivery of these courses is through distance education mode. The course module During the year, as per the Media developed for appreciation courses is also Action Plan (MAP), adopted by the Ministry, being used by the IGNOU as compulsory the following major activities were supported/ component of its undergraduate courses. This sponsored/ completed: is in pursuance of the directives of the Hon’ble – The biennial Competitive CMS Vatavaran Supreme Court of India. 8 Film Festival was held in New Delhi during Grants-in-Aid to Professional Societies and October 27-31, 2009 in association with Institutions the Centre for Media Studies, New Delhi. The objective of this programme is to – The World Environment Day(WED) was facilitate optimum utilization of expertise commemorated on 5th June 2009 on the available with professional societies and theme: ‘The Planet Needs You! Respond to institutions for promotion of environment Climate Change’. The occasion was graced education and awareness. The programme by the Hon’ble . aims at utilizing the existing capacity while – 26 episodes each of two sponsored radio simultaneously providing for enhancing the capacities of such institutions. The project to programmes viz., ‘Koshish Sunehare Kal Ki’ be financially supported would inter-alia and ‘Fantastic Four’ on environmental issues include development/estension of exhibition were commissioned for weekly broadcast galleries, interpretation centres and education over All India Radio. materials relating to ecology, wildlife and – Production of 13 episode docu-drama on environment. The financial assistance is not biodiversity, afforestation, pollution and provided for procurement of capital goods/ climate change for T.V. telecast was equipment. However, some office equipment completed. Production of a film on ‘Man- like computer, projector etc can be purchased Animal Conflict’ was also completed. if they are incidental to or essential part of

199 Ministry of Environment & Forests exhibition galleries, interpretation centres and environmental learning activities, which have educational focused activities. This one time already been introduced as theory in the grant is also not available for research, textbooks. The GLOBE programme not only collection and compilation of data and helps the students to appreciate the contents information or to any individual/business of the textbooks through better understanding houses. but also assists them in gaining complete Publication of resource material related to knowledge of environment. environment It facilitates research through a The objective of this programme is to worldwide research team comprising of utilize expertise available with professional students, teachers and scientists. societies, voluntary organizations etc. for A process to further consolidate the develoing and publication of innovative and activities under the GLOBE programme in high quality resource material for promoting all the 1800 schools started in the financial environmental education and awareness by year 2006-07 were intensified during the providing financial assistance for development year. Two training programmes to train new and publication of such material. The teachers in GLOBE protocols were publication material must popularize the conducted. understanding about the environment, emerging issues and out of the box solutions Other Awareness Programmes including innovative approaches for protection Since the financial assistance provided and should be relevant and of high standards for awareness programmes under the NEAC and should supplement the efforts of the is for activities to be conducted in a specific Ministry to promote environment education time frame and are short-term projects and awareness. restricted to a specific area, other proposals Under the programme, grant is not for creating awareness among diverse target provided for publication of newsletters, groups are received throughout the year from magazines, journals, periodicals etc. or to various NGOs and other agencies. These are any publisher/business house including considered on merit as and when received individuals. and supported. Some of the major awareness Global Learning and Observations to activities conducted/sponsored during the Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) year are mentioned below: The Global Learning and Observations – Observance of Earth Day: Earth Day is to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) observed on April 22 every year to increase Programme – an international Science and public awareness on the environment. Education programme – provides a unique During the year, a host of activities were opportunity to the school students to carry out supported on the occasion to involve people various measurements so that they can learn in making a difference to the understanding about scientific protocols and perform of environment. The activities ranged from

200 Annual Report 2009-2010

competitions (essay, painting, poster making, etc.) to rallies, runs, formation of human chain etc. Street plays were also organised to spread the message of environment conservation. – Green Olympiad 2009 and TERRA Quiz – The Ministry sponsored the National Written Environmental Quiz programme Note: 2009-10 (as on 23.02.2010) organised by The Energy and Resource Fig.-39. Progress mode in supporting National Institute (TERI). The winners from each region Green Corps (NGC) participated in the televised Quiz titled The number of participating “TERRA Quiz”. organisations in NEAC rose from 115 during – Vacation Programme on Natural Resources 1986-87 to 11,738 during 2009-10. – A four weeks residential programme on (Fig.-40) Natural Resources involving children from (Haryana) was sponsored. – Perfect Health Mela-2009 – An Inter Eco- club Schools Completion involving students 8 from schools in Delhi and NCR was sponsored as part of Perfect Health Mela- 2009. Progress/Achievements made during the year Fig.-40. Participating organizations in National – 87,117 Eco-clubs supported during 2009- Environment Awareness Campaign (NEAC) 10 (as on 23.02.2010). State-wise status: – 12,000 Teachers-in-charge of Eco-clubs trained. – Number of eco-clubs established in States/ UTs since 2003-04 is given in Table-27. – Record level of financial assistance of Rs. 8.40 Cr. released under NEAC. – Amount sanctioned under NEAC programme since 2003-04 is given in – Numbers of participating organisations in Table-28. NEAC reached an all time high of 11,738 Implementing organisations along with Comparison of progress during the year details Progress mode in supporting Eco- The National Green Corps Programme clubs under NGC since 2003-04 is shown is implemented throughout the country through in Fig.-39. State Nodal Agencies. A list of nodal agencies

201 Ministry of Environment & Forests in States / UTs is at Annexure-VIII. The Regional conducting, supervising and monitoring the Resource Agencies help the Ministry in NEAC activities throughout the country.

Table-27. No. of Eco-clubs established under the NGC Programme (since 2003-04)

S. No. of Eco-clubs No. *2009- 2008- 2007- 2006- 2005- 2004- 2003- States/UTs 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 1 Andman & Nicobar Islands (UT) 346 2 Andhra Pradesh 5750 5750 5750 5750 3900 3900 3900 3 Arunachal Pradesh (NE) 525 4 Assam (NE) 5207 4695 3450 5 Bihar 8971 8473 7200 5266 5700 5700 6 Chandigarh (UT) 115 113 112 110 150 7 Chhattisgarh 3932 3932 3932 4000 2373 2400 2400 8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) 9 Daman & Diu (UT) 10 Delhi (NCT) 1874 2000 1600 1600 1500 1500 1500 11 Goa 500 500 500 441 300 300 12 Gujarat 6750 6500 6500 6250 3750 3750 3750 13 Haryana 5000 5000 2850 2750 2750 14 Himachal Pradesh 3000 1693 1800 1800 1800 15 Jammu & Kashmir 5500 2100 16 Jharkhand 3300 3150 17 Karnataka 8000 8000 4800 4050 18 Kerala 3500 3500 3500 2100 19 Lakshadweep (UT) 12 20 Maharashtra 8898 8898 8844 8844 5400 5400 4950 21 Manipur (NE) 1350 1350 900 22 Meghalaya (NE) 23 Mizoram (NE) 1235 1235 1235 1200 1200 1200 1200 24 Madhya Pradesh 12500 12000 12000 7200 7200 7200 6750 25 Nagaland (NE) 2048 2107 800 800 26 Orissa 7500 7500 5900 4500 4500 4500 27 Pudducherry (UT) 550 550 513 513 600 28 Punjab 5000 5000 5000 4250 2550 2550 1800 29 Rajasthan 8000 8000 8000 8000 4800 4800 3200 30 Sikkim (NE) 540 31 Tamilnadu 7500 7500 7500 7500 4500 4500 4350 32 Tripura (NE) 600 600 600 600 600 600 33 Uttar Pradesh 10747 10500 10500 34 Uttaranchal 1950 1950 35 West Bengal 4750 4750 4750 2850 2850 2850 Total 87117 112884 91447 87353 67943 68125 78250 * as on 23.02.2010

202 Annual Report 2009-2010

Table-28. Amount Sanctioned under NEAC (Amount in Rs.) State Amount Amount Amount Amount Amount Amount sanctioned sanctioned sanctioned sanctioned sanctioned sanctioned (2009-10) (2008-09) (2007-08) (2006-07) (2005-06) (2004-05) Andhra 4412000 3065000 3490500 3929000 3558500 Pradesh 5586000 Andaman & 83000 81000 103000 57000 38000 Nicobar Island 114000 Arunachal - 152000 300000 Pradesh Assam 2681000 2660000 2250000 1982000 2550000 2022000 Bihar 4982000 3985000 3303000 3033000 4313000 2426000 Chhattisgarh 619000 602000 734000 525000 741000 649000 Dadar &Nagar 12000 10000 10000 13000 Haveli - Daman &Diu 55000 59000 42000 49000 30000 17000 Delhi 1171000 778000 595000 751000 808000 461000 Goa 14000 30000 26000 36000 37000 16500 Gujarat 3254500 1939000 2174550 1927000 1919000 1276000 Haryana & 1799000 1255000 809500 1078000 1086000 Chandigarh 3313000 Himachal 1200000 1256000 1026500 1130500 677000 Pradesh 1251000 Jammu & 2811000 2638000 2534000 1041000 769000 Kashmir 4470000 8 Jharkhand 3322000 2473000 1768000 1616000 1425000 1041000 Karnataka 2320000 2135000 1078500 1539500 1652000 2001000 Kerala 1858000 1633000 1362000 1500000 1366000 614000 Lakshadweep 9000 Madhya 5013000 4591000 4464000 4140000 3903000 Pradesh 6953000 Maharashtra 5260000 4730000 4021000 3871000 3939000 3504000 Manipur 2260500 2585000 2130000 1950000 2400000 2840000 Mizoram 515000 800000 430000 283000 Nagaland 606000 1063000 744000 501000 Orissa 7022000 4428000 3462000 3138000 2748500 3021400 Pondicherry 476000 550000 347000 264000 156000 150000 Punjab & 1415000 929000 Chandigarh 1755000 805000 688000 602000 Rajasthan 2201000 1742000 1956000 1152000 1517000 1321500 Sikkim 398000 261000 771000 806000 563400 Tamilnadu 5214000 4397000 3129000 3402500 2813000 3249000 Tripura 1666000 1776000 1119000 1097000 1262000 949000 Uttar Pradesh 8852000 6504000 5013000 5719000 5744000 4291000 Uttaranchal 683000 565000 596000 379000 770000 349000 West Bengal 5046000 2942000 1739000 1576000 1766000 1280000 Total 83918000 71992593 52767050 50629500 50602400 42124900 Note: During 2003-04 to 2006-07 amount released under NEAC for Haryana & Chandigarh was combined. From 2007-08 onwards Chandigarh is clubbed with Punjab.

203 Ministry of Environment & Forests

National Museum of Natural Five Year Plan. The Government of Sikkim has History allotted six acres of land, adjacent to the Sikkim Science Centre at Marchak, East The National Museum of Natural Sikkim, which is twelve kms. from Gangtok History (NMNH), New Delhi, a subordinate and approachable from National Highway organization of the Ministry, was opened to No. 31, for the RMNH building. Action is public in 1978 with the main objective of being taken to take the actual possession of creating public awareness in preservation and the allotted land and for getting necessary conservation of environment and nature through administrative and financial approvals for the the means of museum exhibitions, educational establishment of this RMNH. programmes, outreach activities, etc. Since its inception, the NMNH has been temporarily Progress of Activities undertaken housed in the FICCI Museum premises at Educational Activities : NMNH along with its Bharakhamba Road in New Delhi. The Ministry Regional Museums of Natural History has been taking active steps in getting the organized a number of in-house and outreach land allotted by the Ministry of Urban programmes for the benefit of school children, Development to the NMNH for building its college students, teachers, challenged children Headquarters in New Delhi. and general public. Various national and Over the years, the Museum has international days of scientific relevance like extended its activities in different regions of World Wetland Day, World Day for Water, the country and has set up three Regional World Forestry Day, International Ozone Day, Museums of Natural History (RMNH), one each Conservation Day, Earth Day, World at Mysore (Karnataka); Bhopal (Madhya Environment Day, World Heritage Day, Pradesh) and Bhubaneswar (Orissa). These International Bio-diversity Day, World No museums have been established to depict flora, Tobacco Day, Wildlife Week, World Habitat fauna, forests, wildlife and other environmental Day and National Environmental Awareness aspects of the respective regions. Campaign were observed and different Regional Museum of programmes for school children and challenged Natural History (RGRMNH) is being children were also organized. The Museum established at Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan). organized different educational activities and Action has already commenced for construction competitions like Quiz, Declamation, On-the- of the RGRMNH building. A temporary office spot Painting, Poster Making, Slogan writing, has been set up to conduct educational and Essay writing, Model making, Bird Watching other outreach activities in the region. and Tree-spotting for the participating students Further, this Ministry has approved the on these occasions. setting up of the fifth Regional Museum of Publications : NMNH and its Regional Centres Natural History near Gangtok (Sikkim) to published a number of publications in English, extend the Museum’s activities to the North- Hindi, Kannada and Oriya on the topics related Eastern region which is a hotspot of to animals, plants, bio-diversity and other biodiversity. Necessary budgetary provision environment related issues. To commemorate has been included in this regard in the 11th the International Bio-diversity Day, the NMNH

204 Annual Report 2009-2010 published a Special Desk Calendar based on Workshops/Conferences the theme bio-diversity. This Desk Calendar – NMNH, New Delhi – A three-day Workshop was released by the Minister for State for Trainee Teachers from the District Institute (Independent Charge), Environment & Forests of Education and Training (DIET), Darya at a function held in New Delhi on 04 January, Ganj was organized from 20 to 22 August, 2010. The NMNH and its Regional Museums 2009 to enrich teachers in class-room also published posters and booklets, including teaching on environmental issues. This the Summer Programme magazine, on topics workshop included a Nature Study Tour to related to nature and environment. Aravalli Bio-diversity Park. The participants Exhibitions got hands-on experience in making low-cost science models. – RMNH, Mysore – An Exhibition on “Silk – Gift of Nature” was organised in – RMNH, Mysore – A National Conference collaboration with Central Sericultural on Museum Accessibility was organized Research & Training Institute, Mysore on during 24-25 July 2009 at 04 August 2009 to create awareness about Thiruvanthapuram in collaboration with the Directorate of Museums & Zoos, Government various aspects of silk among the masses. of Kerala. A three-day Teacher Orientation An Exhibition on Pets, entitled ‘Saaku Workshop was organized in Hunsur Praanigalu – Preethi & Bheethi”, organized (Karnataka) from 24-26 August 2009 for in collaboration with J.S.S. Medical Higher Primary Teachers. A one-day College, Mysore, was inaugurated in the 8 Workshop on Butterflies was organized on RMNH premises on 30 October 2009. This 06 August 2009 in collaboration with an was inaugurated by the Adviser, Ministry NGO, Arivu Educational and Cultural Trust, of Environment & Forests Mysore. A book, titled “Chitaigalu”, written – RMNH, Bhopal – A temporary exhibition by Sri Krishna Das in Kannada about on “Museum and Tourism” was organized Butterflies, was released on the occasion. with the help of Madhya Pradesh Eco- – RMNH, Bhopal – A three-day workshop Tourism Development Board on 18 May titled “Creature Like Kite” was organised 2009 on the occasion of the International on 08 August, 2009 for students of classes Museum Day. IX to XI from various schools of Bhopal. The – RMNH, Bhubaneswar – Mobile Exhibition aim of the workshop was to teach students – The Exhibition on Wheels on the theme kite making in the shape of birds and of “Forest Wealth” traveled to different animals etc. schools and colleges of Orissa during 01 A two-day Workshop on “Trees–A Capacity October 2009 to 31 December 2009 and Building Programme” was organized on 23- was visited by more than 5000 visitors. It 24 December, 2009. The aim of this actively participated in the Anjali National workshop was to identify trees of Bhopal, Children’s Festival held at Bhubaneswar from their ecological importance and the eco- 09-14 November 2009. system services rendered by these trees.

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A national Seminar entitled “Integrated Environment Forum from 27-31 October Management of Water Resources with 2009 at India Habitat Centre, New Delhi. reference to Bio-diversity and livelihood” was – RMNH, Bhubaneswar - 12th Orissa Bigyan organized on 16-17 January 2010 as a Congress - The Indian Science Congress collaborative host. The Madhya Pradesh Association (Bhubaneswar Chapter), the Minister of Farmer Welfare and Agriculture Orissa Environmental Society and the Development was the Chief Guest. RMNH, Bhubaneswar collaboratively Another Workshop on “Prevention and organized the 12th Orissa Bigyan Congress Conservation of Natural History Collection” from 05-06 December 2009 on the focal is being held on 22-23 January 2010. theme of “Science and Technology Challenges of 21st Century: National – RMNH, Bhubaneswar – A three-day Perspective”. Orientation Workshop for Teacher Trainees of the Regional Institute of Education, National Teachers Science Congress – The Bhubaneswar was organized on 27-29 RMNH participated in an exhibition November 2009 where thirty teacher conducted at the Regional Institute of trainees were exposed to the estuarine eco- Education, Bhubaneswar from 01-04 October 2009 on the occasion of the 5th system of Bhitarkanika National Park and National Teachers Science Congress on the Brackish Water Eco-system of Chilka Lagoon theme of “Understanding Planet Earth”. Meetings of the Advisory Committee Capacity Building Programme for Research – The second meeting of the Advisory Fellows: The RMNH, in collaboration with Committee of Regional Museum of Natural the Kanan Zoo Park organized a History (RMNH), Bhubaneswar was held Capacity Building Programme on Elephant under the chairmanship of Adviser (RE and Management Action Plan for Research NMNH), Ministry of Environment & Forests Scholars from different Forest divisions of on 11 August 2009 at Bhubaneswar. Orissa. – The second meeting of the Advisory – RMNH, Bhopal - An NGO Meet was Committee of Regional Museum of Natural organized on 12 November 2009 in History (RMNH), Mysore was held in Mysore collaboration with CPCB, Bhopal in which under the chairmanship of Dr. M.S. 70 representatives from various NGOs of Nagaraja Rao, former Director General, Bhopal attended the Meet to prepare Archaeological Survey of India on 29 Agenda for better environment. October 2009 The Science Centre, Bhopal organized a Collaborative Programme Children Science Congress during 04-06 December 2009 in collaboration with the – NMNH, New Delhi - Environmental RMNH, Bhopal Education Partnership with CMS Vatavaran 2009 – The NMNH, in partnership with World Environment Day CMS VATAVARAN, hosted an Environment World Environment Day and the 31st and Wildlife Film Festival and CMS Anniversary of the NMNH Foundation Day

206 Annual Report 2009-2010 were observed on 05 June, 2009. The function launched on World Environment Day in was organized at the Plenary Hall of Vigyan which thirty five students from Classes VIII Bhawan, New Delhi. Hon’ble President of India to X from various schools of Bhopal Smt. Pratibha Devi Singh Patil was the Chief participated. Guest at the function. Master Aviral Saxena – RMNH, Bhubaneswar - A Summer Nature from Bhopal was decorated by the Hon’ble Study Programme was organized in President as the “Young Environmentalist of association with the Paribesh Unayan the Year 2009”. Parishad of West Bengal from 13-16 June Van Mahotsava 2009 2009. A team of twenty one students from various streams participated. The students – NMNH, New Delhi - On 05 July 2009, also visited the Nandan Kanan Zoological special slide shows and CD presentations Park, Kanjia Lake and studied the various on forest resources followed by a Talk on aspects of nature. ‘Our forest resources’ was organized for the orphan children of Bal Vihar Children International Ozone Day Home. – NMNH, New Delhi - A declamation contest – RMNH, Mysore – Plantation of saplings and was conducted for students of Delhi and series of lectures were organised at various NCR on 16th September, 2009. The topic schools in Mysore. A visit to heritage sites of contest was “Your Role in being an Ozone was also organized for the school students Friendly Citizen”. during 02-04 July 2009. – RMNH, Mysore - To commemorate the 8 Summer Nature Study Programme International Ozone Day, the Museum organized a Quiz Competition, a Debate – NMNH, New Delhi - NMNH, New Delhi Competition and a Public Lecture for the organized Summer Nature Study general public on 16 September, 2009. Programme from 15 May to 15 June 2009 in which 40 students from all over Delhi National Environment Awareness Campaign and NCR participated. As part of this (NEAC) programme these children were taken to – NMNH, New Delhi – The NMNH, New Nature Study Tour to G.B. Pant Institute of Delhi organised a written Quiz competition Himalayan and Development, Kosi- on the theme Climate Change on 19th Kattarmal, Almora (Uttarakhand) November, 2009 for the students of 8th, – RMNH, Mysore - RMNH, Mysore organized 9th and 10th class from Delhi and NCR. Summer Nature Study Programme for the As part of NEAC to commemorate school student during 10th to 20th June, Conservation Day, NMNH in collaboration 2009. The participants were taken to field with organized annual inter- trip to nearby National Park and Bird school essay competition. Sanctuaries for study on nature and wildlife. – RMNH, Mysore - The RMNH organized – RMNH, Bhopal – ‘Prakriti 2009’, the various competitions for school students like Summer Nature Study Programme was painting, written quiz, debate and slogan

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writing with a view to create awareness on conducted at Delhi, Mysore, Bhopal, environmental issues. Bhubaneswar and Sawai Madhopur. – RMNH, Bhopal – The RMNH organized a Reserve collection enrichment and Taxidermy poem composition-cum- recitation work competition on 15 December, 2009 on the – RMNH, Bhopal - The skull of white tigress topic of ‘Climate Change’ in which thirty “Rashmi” of was participants from fourteen schools of Bhopal cleaned, treated and handed over on 10 participated. A written Quiz Competition July 2009. The Tiger skin, received from was also organized by the Museum on 19 District Forest Officer (DFO), General Forest November, 2009 in which one hundred Division, Katni, Madhya Pradesh for ninety three students from twenty schools treatment, was cleaned, cured, treated and participated. handed over to the D.F.O., Katni on 22 July 2009. Wildlife Week – RMNH, Bhubaneswar - A 7½’ female bottle – To commemorate the Wildlife Week, the nose dolphin was retrieved from Berhampur NMNH, New Delhi and its Regional Centres coast of Orissa, 2009 and the whole at Mysore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar and Sawai skeleton was prepared & mounted for Madhopur conducted a National Poster display in the gallery. Apart from this, Design Contest for the students Classes VIII, skinning of a dead flying squirrel handed IX and XII, the theme of the contest being over by Zoo Authority was done. Dissection “Our Rich Biodiversity”. of a bat found with a baby was done to retrieve its skull. Darwin 200 – India Poster Design Contest Film shows – As part of commemoration of Charles Darwin’s bicentennial birthday celebrations – Regular film shows were arranged for visitors the world over, the NMNH, New Delhi and in National Museum of Natural History, New Delhi and its Regional Centres at Mysore, its Regional Centres at Mysore, Bhopal, Bhopal & Bhubaneswar to sensitize and Bhubaneswar and Sawai Madhopur, in create awareness among general visitors collaboration with the UNESCO, organized on issues of nature and environment a National level Poster Design Contest on 18 April, 2009 for students of Class X & Forestry Education, Training and XI. The theme of the contest was “Darwin Extension and Evolution”. The present system of forestry education Earth Day and training is tailored to produce skilled forest managers to manage, protect and conserve – A national level Written Quiz Contest was the forests in consonance with National Forest organized on 22 April, 2009 for students Policy, 1988, forestry action programmes etc. of Classes IX and X on the theme of ‘Climate The activities related to forestry education, Change’. The contest was simultaneously training and extension are performed by the

208 Annual Report 2009-2010 different institute of the Ministry like Indira Dec-Feb. 2009. One such programme for Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), IFS Officers of sixteen to eighteen years of Dehradun; Directorate of Forest Education service will be conducted in Feb.-March, (DFE), Dehradun; ICFRE, Dehradun; IIFM, 2010. The Mid Career Training Programme Bhopal; IPIRTI, Bengaluru. of IFS Officers of seven to nine years of Progress of activities undertaken by various service is spread over a period of eight institutes weeks and includes one week training programme on management issues at IIM Indira Gandhi National Forest Ahmedabad and two weeks visit abroad. Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun Half of the group will be visiting Colorado Indira Gandhi National Forest University in USA and the other half will Academy is the training centre for IFS Officers. be visiting Sweden. The institution undertakes training of new The Mid Career Training programme of recruits to the Indian Forest Service which is Officers of sixteen to eighteen years of spread over a period of twenty months. Besides service is spread over a period of eight this, the institution also undertakes training of weeks and includes one week in IIM – IFS Officers at various years of seniority and Lucknow and two weeks visit abroad- half also of other Stakeholders. The Academy was the group will be going to Yale University, a part of FRI in Dehradun. This institution earlier United States and other half will be visiting functioned as Indian Forest College from 1938- Finland. 1987. In 1987, when the Indian Council of 8 Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) was – The 2007-09 batch of Indian Forest Service established as an autonomous institution, the Officers passed out in Aug. 2009. The Indian Forest College was named as Indira Convocation Ceremony was held on 10th Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA) in Aug. 2009, in Convocation Hall of FRI recognition of the late Prime Minister to the building. The Chief Guest for the function forestry sector in the country. The IGNFA was the Deputy Chairman of Planning functions as an institution directly under the Commission Sh. Montek Singh Ahluwalia control of Ministry of Environment and Forests. and the function was presided over by Shri Major activities during the year Jairam Ramesh, the Hon’ble Minister for Forests and Environment, Government of – Programmes of IFS Officers at ten, seventeen India. and twenty one years of service spread over a period of two to three weeks. However, – During the current year, IGNFA undertook starting this current year, the Mid Career three coordination training programmes for Training Programmes in the revised format the three All India Service Officers. The are conducted in IGNFA as a part of four days’ training programmes for IAS, IPS administrative reforms on the behalf of Prime and IFS Officers included one day field visit Ministrer. The eight weeks’ training for IFS to . The broad theme Officers of seven to nine years of service of training programme was “The Ecological is being conducted at IGNFA between Security” of the country. These training

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programmes were conducted between Sept. institute during 1957-60 and 1958-61 were to Dec. 2009 and were well received. held in the Academy in May & Sept. 2009. – The intake to the Indian Forest Service over In these workshops, the old retired officers the last ten years had been ranging between interacted with the young IFS probationers twenty five to thirty. However, since the and shared their past experience and current year the intake has increased and knowledge. the new batch of IFS probationers of 2009- – A four days Forest & Environment Clearance 11 course consists of eighty three young training programme for executives of power officers. sector was held in the month of October. – In order to create general awareness and – One week compulsory course for IFS officers sensitize forest officers of various States on on policy and legal issues of Forestry Sector the issues involved in the mitigation and was conducted in June 2009, which was adaptations in forestry Management attended by twenty one IFS officers. practices a two-day’s workshop on “Climate Visit of Dignitaries Change and Response of Forestry Sector” was held in Aug. 2009 for IFS Officers of – In the beginning of June 2009, the Hon’ble 1979 batch. Forest and Environment Minister - Shri Jairam Ramesh visited IGNFA soon after becoming – Keeping in view the need for enhanced the Minister of Environment & Forests. inputs on wildlife conservation to the IFS probationers, the syllabus of Wildlife and – Shri Vijai Sharma, Secretary Environment Biodiversity subjects was revised and and Forests, Government of India visited training of IFS probationers with increased IGNFA in April 2009. inputs on wildlife conservation started in – DGF & SS Dr.P.J.Dilip Kumar, visited and this current year. A net increase of 72% in addressed IFS Prob. in Aug, 2009 the inputs on the wildlife management has Directorate of Forest Education been effected through revision of the syllabus. (DFE), Dehradun – Induction training of forest officers inducted The Directorate of Forest Education into the Indian Forest Service by promotion (DFE) under the Ministry is responsible for from State Forest Service was conducted imparting professional/technical training/ in the month of Sept. to Dec. in which thirty education in the Country to the State Forest four officers participated. Service Officers and Forest Range Officers. The Directorate also supplements the efforts – Advanced Forest Management Training of of Forest Training Institutes of various States IFS Officers of 2000 Year of Allotment for the training and capacity building of the spread over a period of three weeks was Forest Frontline Staff (Deputy Rangers, Foresters conducted in the month of May- June in and Forest Guards). There are three State which fifty one officers participated. Forest Colleges at Dehradun, Burnihat & – Two reunion workshops for the retired forest Coimbatore and one College at Kurseong under officers who underwent training in this the Directorate. The three State Forest Colleges

210 Annual Report 2009-2010 were renamed by the Minister as Central inservice refresher training courses for State Academies for State Forest Service Officers. Forest Service Officer. The names and intake capacity (Per batch) – Induction training in the form of “Two year of these academies and colleges are as under. Diploma Course” for the newly recruited – Central Academy for State Forest State Forest Service (SFS) Officers of various Service, Dehradun 40 States/Union Territories has been – Central Academy for State Forest undertaken. Three batches, Course 2008- Service, Coimbatore 40 10 (One) & Course 2009-11 (Two), of newly recruited SFS Officers are undergoing – Central Academy for State Forest training at Central Academy for State Forest Service, Burnihat 40 Service (SFS), Dehradun & Coimbatore. – Eastern Forest Rangers College, – One batch, Course 2007-2009 of newly Kurseong 30 recruited SFS officers passed out from Mandate Central Academy for SFS, Dehradun. – To cater to the training needs of State Forest – Induction training in the form of “Eighteen Service (SFS) Officers and Forest Range months certificate course” for the newly Officers(FROs) of States/ Union Territories recruited Forest Range Officers (FROs) of in the country. various states/Union Territories has been – To ensure standard and quality of training undertaken. Two batches, Courses 2008- 8 being imparted to SFS Officers and FROs. 10 & 2009-10, are undergoing training at – To develop appropriate and relevant training Central Academy for SFS, Coimbatore & contents and evaluation standards for Burnihat respectively. forestry training at various levels. – Two batches of newly recruited FROs, – To suggest training policy for effective Human Course 2008-09 (Two), passed out from Resource Management and Development. Central Academy for SFS, Coimbatore & Burnihat respectively. – To supplement the efforts of State Governments in the training of Forest – Seven General Refresher courses, each of Frontline Staff (Forest Guards, Foresters and two week duration, were conducted for in- Deputy Rangers) service SFS Officers at Central Academy Activities undertaken/ Achievements during the for SFS, Dehradun, Coimbatore and year Burnihat. – A new technical cooperation project titled – Two Computer Application courses in ‘Capacity Development’ of State Forest Forestry, of two weeks duration each, were Training Instituions and SFS colleges has conducted for in-service SFS Officers/FROs been launched with the support of Japan at Central Academy for SFS, Dehradun and International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Eastern Forest Rangers College (EFRC), The project is aimed for improvement of Kurseong respectively.

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– Five Workshops of one week duration each offered by the Indian Institute of Management on Human Resources Management Issues in (IIM), Bangalore and Indian Institute of Forestry ,Training of Trainers, Biodiversity Management (IIM), Ahmedbad Conservation & Eco-Tourism, JFM & – During the year, the Ministry sponsored Livelihood options through Natural Resources eleven two-day workshops on emerging Management, Forestry Prospective in Global topics in the field of forests, wildlife and warming & Climate Change were environment conservation having regional, conducted for in-service SFS Officers at national and international importance. The Central Academy for SFS, Dehradun and training workshops/seminars are sponsored Coimbatore. in the premier institutions/organizations – One theme based course in Forestry/ depending upon their expertise and strengths Wildlife management of two weeks duration in a particular field/discipline. for in-service FROs was conducted at EFRC, Kurseong. Budget Allocation – “Seventy” General Refresher Courses, each The Budget allocation during 2009- of two weeks duration, were conducted for 10 of this scheme was Rs. 2.00 crore (Plan). in-service Forest Frontline Staff (Deputy Indian Institute of Forest Rangers, Foresters & Forest Guards) through Management (IIFM), Bhopal forty nine Forestry Training Institutions of The Indian Institute of Forest twenty nine states. Management (IIFM), Bhopal as a sectoral – One Theme based workshops of one week management institute and an autonomous duration on Good Practices in Forestry was institute of the Ministry imparts education and conducted for in-service Forest Range training in forest management. Officers (FROs) through one of the State Forest Training Institutes. Education Training of IFS Officers The Institute offers two academic programmes. Post Graduate Programme in – The thrust of this scheme is on capacity Forestry Management (equivalent to Master building of the Indian Forest Service Officers Degree) and Fellow Programme in through organizing mid-career short-term Management. The Institute is also recognized refresher courses. During the year, the as Nodal Centre for Research by Forest Ministry sponsored forty one-week courses Research Institute Deemed University (FRI), in the premier training/management Dehradun for Doctoral programmes institutions in the county on a wide range of disciplines including management and Post Graduate Diploma in Forest Management administration of forests, wildlife, (PGDFM) environment and general administration in The two year postgraduate programme the government. leading to the award of the Post Graduate – Besides this, four IFS officers have been Diploma in Forestry Management (PGDFM) sponsored to pursue long-term courses was launched in July 1988. The students with

212 Annual Report 2009-2010 diverse academic backgrounds drawn from Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) all over the country are groomed to meet the The Institute launched its Doctoral level managerial requirements of the development Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) and corporate sectors. 2010-14. The Fellow Programme in The admission to this course is through Management (FPM) offers financial assistance CAT (Common Admissions Test) being and contingency grants to selected non- conducted by IIMs followed by Group sponsored candidates. The programme is open Discussion (GD) & Personal Interview (PI) at to postgraduates from various disciplines and IIFM. From the year 2008, specialisations in is designed to provide specialized knowledge, Conservation and Livelihood Management skills, and attitudes for positions requiring (C&L), Environmental Management (EM) and conceptual and visioning skills. The FPM Development Management (DM) has been programme aims to develop and equip introduced in the programme. students for career opportunities in management education and research. The 22nd batch of the PGDFM course consists of seventy two students. Among these Ph.D. Programme forty seven come under General Category; The Institute functions as one of the eleven belong to SC category; five belong to research centers of the FRI Deemed University ST Category; seven belong to OBC and rest for higher studies leading to Doctor of two are admitted under PD quota. The batch Philosophy. also consists of 25% female students and they Indian Plywood Industries Research 8 all come from almost all the parts of the and Training Institute (IPIRTI), country, representing ninteen states. Following Bengaluru the general trend in the management The Institute caters to HRD needs of the education, in this batch also the engineers is wood based panel industries through several the dominant group, consisting almost 40% training programmes including one year PG of the total strength. This is followed by the Diploma Course in “PGD course in Wood students of Science stream (21%), Arts & and Panel Products Technology”. Till date Commerce (10% each). Apart from this, the twenty batches of PGD courses have been batch also consists of management graduates conducted wherein more than four hundred and veterinary graduates. The profile of the senventy eight candidates have been trained students reveals that the fresh students exhibit and placed in various wood and wood-based varied range of extra curricular interest and talent. industries all over the country. All members Following the tradition, all the students that syllabus for PGD course has been of PGDFM being passed out in March 2010 upgraded from this year including the got placed through campus recruitment held Management parts in consultation with Indian during January 2010 registering an Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal. To improvement over the last year’s campus provide expertise and manpower support to placement. The scenario of the Summer implement the Management subject, Institute of Internship was also quite encouraging during Business Management, Bangalore has been this year. approached. IPIRTI is also a center recognized

213 Ministry of Environment & Forests by Forest Research Institute Deemed University and evaluation of wood composites, in for pursuing research leading to award to Ph.D. accordance with ISO/IEC 17025:2005. This year on demand of the industries, To cater to the needs of northwest and fourteen short-term courses were conducted in northern plywood industries, a new IPIRTI various fields of plywood manufacturing and Centre at Mohali, near Chandigarh was adhesives, etc. in which ninety seven established recently fulfilling the long pending candidates were trained. One Week demand of the Northern India Plywood Compulsory Training Course for IFS Officers Manufacturer’s Association (NIPMA). This from all over India was conducted from 20th IPIRTI Centre laboratory also got recognized to 24th July 2009 on the theme “Bamboo Resource Development for Addressing for testing and evaluation of wood composites Livelihood Concerns of Communities” wherein recently by Bureau of Indian Standards. fifteen IFS Officers participated. Extension One International Special Training – Establishment of CFC at Magadi, course of twelve days duration, on “Preliminary Bangalore : With the financial grants processing of bamboo, its preservation and received from NMBA & technical support mat weaving” was conducted for the provided by IPIRTI CENTRE for preliminary candidates sponsored by International Habitat processing of bamboo was established at for Humanity, Nepal under the project Magadi, Bangalore.About fifty six artisans “Transfer of technology for the manufacture of Bamboo mat corrugated sheet”. trained in operation of bamboo processing machines, about three hundred families of Product Testing and Standardization tribes traditionally involved in bamboo The Institute continues to play a based activities will be benefited and nearly significant role in formulating/amending Indian two hundred fifty mats produced will be Standards for wood, wood products and other utilized for manufacturing the industrial lignocellulosic materials through active products like BMB, BMCS, BMT and participation in various committees of the agarbathi sticks. Bureau of Indian Standards [BIS]. As and when required, recommendations are also sent to – The Institute has organized two-day BIS for incorporating changes in the tests to Workshop on “Carbon Sequestration be conducted for conformation to Indian through Wood & Bamboo products” for the Standards. The Institute is a recognized center IFS officers sponsored by MoEF during 7- for testing and standardization in respect of 8th December 2009. The basic objective all wood products and composites/panels of organizing this workshop on such from wood and other lignocellulosics. The important subject is to explore and raise facilities are availed by Central and State awareness to the different approaches, Public Works Departments, BIS, DGS&D, methods and models for carbon accounting Customs, etc. in wood and wood based products and to Recently CENTEC LABS of the Institute investigate and strengthen the role of forest have obtained NABL accreditation for testing products for climate change mitigation.

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Wildlife Education and Training – XXV Certificate Course in Wildlife Wildlife education and training is Management commenced on November 1, primarily looked after by Wildlife Institute of 2009 for three-month duration. In all, twenty India (WII), Dehradun; an autonomous institute one officer trainees (Range Forest Officers for imparting training to government and non- and equivalent) from different States within governmental personnel to carry out research country including six foreign nationals have and training activities and advice on matters joined the course of conservation and management of wildlife Meetings, Workshops, Seminars and resources. The details of educational and Conferences training programmes conducted by the Institute – Training Course on Environmental Impact are as follows: Assessment (EIA) for Biodiversity Academics and Training Conservation for Indian Forest Service Courses and Training Programmes Officers, Dehradun, September 7-11, 2009. The training course aimed to empower the – The National Entrance Test (NET) of the natural resource managers for a careful ongoing XII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course review of proposals seeking diversion of was conducted at six centres of the country forested areas for developments in economic viz. Bangalore, Delhi, Dehradun, Guwahati, sectors such as mineral extraction, dam Kolkata, and Mumbai on April 19, 2009. A building and linear alignments of roads and total of two hundred six students appeared power grids through forested areas. A total in the entrance test and eleven candidates of twenty officers participated in the course. 8 (nine Indians and two foreign nationals) – Department of Science and Technology joined the course. (DST) Fast Track Young Scientists Programme – XXX P.G. Diploma in Wildlife Management Expert Panel Meeting, Dehradun, September commenced on September 1, 2008 for nine- 30 to October 1, 2009. Department of month duration at the Institute. Seven officer Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of trainees joined the course, of which three India, New Delhi has been providing were from Forest Departments of various financial assistance to young scientists in Indian States and four from neighbouring various areas of their interest through fast countries. track research project programme. For the – XXXI Post-Graduate Diploma Course in first time, the expert panel meeting was held Wildlife Management commenced on in the Institute. Ten experts from various September 1, 2009 for eight month Indian universities and research institutions duration with eleven officer trainees. Seven along with Director, Science and of them are from the Forest Departments of Engineering Research Council (SERC-DST) various States in India, one self-sponsored participated in the meeting. veterinarian and three from neighbouring – V-Internal Annual Research Seminar (IARS), countries. The officer trainees visited Rajaji September 17-18, 2009. 22 presentations National Park from September 22 to 27, were made in five sessions of IARS, which 2009 for their Orientation Tour. included studies on large carnivores,

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herpetofaunal studies, human dimensions participated in the Wildlife Techniques Tour, and development related aspects, avifaunal wherein field techniques pertaining to plant studies, molecular genetics and forensics, and wild animal quantification using direct and studies on . The presentations and indirect evidences, radio-telemetry, mist made by M.Sc. students, research fellows netting and camera trapping were and faculty members of the Institute were demonstrated. based on recently initiated and ongoing – Interactive Workshop on Wildlife research studies. Conservation Issues for Media Personnel, – The XXIII Annual Research Seminar of the New Delhi, December 9-10, 2009. An Institute was conducted at WII wherein interactive workshop was organised by the twenty four presentations were made in nine Institute at India Habitat Centre for media sessions. personnel to share these concerns in wildlife – Regional Workshop for Asia and the Pacific conservation in India and provide a platform on the review of progress and capacity to generate ideas on informative news building for the implementation of the reporting about current wildlife crisis. Shri PoWPA, 12-15 October 2009. Asia Pacific Jairam Ramesh, Minister of State regional workshop was organized by the (Independent Charge), Environment and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Forests, Government of India inaugurated Diversity in collaboration with the Ministry the workshop. A total of twenty three of Environment and Forests, Government of participants from different media India and hosted by the Wildlife Institute of participated in this interactive workshop. India. Sixty four Representative from twenty – Two-Week Special Short-term Course in eight countries participated in this workshop. Wildlife Protection, Law & Forensic Science – International Exhibition on “Climate Change: for Probationers of Technology Development and Transfer”, (Customs & Central Excise), Group ‘A’ (60th New Delhi, October 22-23, 2009. The Batch) - First Group, Dehradun, December exhibition was jointly organized by the 14-24, 2009. The course was sponsored Ministry of Environment & Forests and by National Academy of Customs, Central Confederation of Indian Industry. The unique Excise and Narcotics, Faridabad, Haryana. exhibition with one hundred forty stalls A total of fifty three participants attended showcased India’s efforts to address the the course. This training programme was challenge of climate change. The exhibition conducted as a part of Institute’s regular was inaugurated by Shri Pranab Mukherjee, capacity building initiatives for enforcement Minister of Finance, Government of India agencies dealing with wildlife trade in Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. – One-Week Compulsory Training Programme – Wildlife Techniques Tour for IGNFA on “Ecotourism and Livelihoods” for IFS Probationers (2007-2009 Batch) in Sariska Officers, Periyar Tiger Reserve, Thekkady, Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, November 1-6, Kerala, January 4-8, 2010. A total of twenty 2009. Twenty nine probationers one participants took part in the training.

216 Annual Report 2009-2010 CHAPTER – 9 CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE

9

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Centres of Excellence of Excellence in Environmental Education, Enhancement of people’s awareness supported by the Ministry of Environment and about environment requires capacity building Forests (MoEF), Government of India, in at institutional and individual level for recognition of the importance of environmental providing adequate support to the efforts in education in India’s overall environment and the fields of environment education, research development strategy. CEE is a national and training. To serve this end, the Ministry institution engaged in developing programmes launched the scheme ‘Centres of Excellence’ and material to increase awareness and in 1983 to promote institutions in priority areas concern, leading to action, regarding the of Environmental Sciences and Management. environment and sustainable development. It Ten Centres of Excellence have so far has inherited the rich multidisciplinary been set up in different areas as listed below: resource base and varied experience of Nehru (i) Centre for Environment Education(CEE), Foundation for Development (NFD), its parent Ahmedabad organization, which has been promoting (ii) CPR Environmental Education educational efforts since 1966 in the areas Centre(CPREEC), Chennai of science, nature study, health, development and environment. (iii) Centre for Ecological Sciences(CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Progress / Achievements made during the Bengaluru year (iv) Centre of Mining Environment (CME), Pick Right and ‘Kaun Banega Bharat ka Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad Paryavaran Ambassador’ Campaign (v) Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and The Pick Right campaign is aimed at Natural History(SACON), Coimbatore spreading awareness about climate change, (vi) Centre for Environment Management of its causes and effects, and individuals Degraded Ecosystem(CEMDE), University choosing the best options for sustainability. of Delhi, Delhi The Paryavaran Ambassador campaign will (vii) Madras School of Economics(MSE), help choose a person to be a spokesperson Chennai on environmental issues, who can encourage (viii) Foundation for Revitalization of Local people to make right lifestyle choices. Health Traditions(FRLHT), Bengaluru Under these two campaigns launched (ix) The Tropical Botanic Garden and in 2008, ‘Pick Right’ educational pack Research Institute (TBGRI), consisting of a booklet, two sets of posters, Thiruvananthapuram two sticker-sheets, a post-card has been (x) Centre for Animals and Environment, developed in fifteen languages. Two lakh CARTMAN, Bengaluru. schools across India participated in this Centre for Environment Education campaign. It included schools sending in their (CEE), Ahmedabad vote for a role model who could inspire people Centre for Environment Education on the path to sustainability. Dr. APJ Abdul (CEE) was established in 1984 as a Centre Kalam emerged as the popular choice of

218 Annual Report 2009-2010 children. A total of seventy thousand schools and recommendations on the Coastal actively participated in the voting process. Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification was Web-based polling was also conducted initiated in Mumbai on 12 August, 2009. through the KBPA website www.kbpa.com for People from all walks of life including the general public. Dr APJ Abdul Kalam was fishermen, urban middle class people living felicitated by Shri Jairam Ramesh, Minister of in the CRZ, and NGOs were present. Hon. State (independent charge) for Environment Minster of State for Environment and Forests, and Forests as “Bharat Ka Paryavaran Shri Jairam Ramesh participated in the process Ambassador” on 9th December, 2009 in New at Mumbai, Goa and Chennai. Delhi. As part of the programme Dr Kalam A team from CEE, was at Copenhagen gave away plants to all the schools present. participating in different events. This was done as one of the many initiatives which would be taken in schools as part of Also, in order to closely follow the the second phase of the climate change and developments and discussions at Conference sustainability programme by CEE, MoEF, and of Parties (COP 15) in Copenhagen, CEE Arcelor Mittal, for the next three years. also set up Copenhagen Newsroom at its campus in Ahmedabad from the 7-18 Management Education Centre on Climate December. The CEE Copenhagen Newsroom Change collated, discussed and assessed the events CEE and Gujarat University have jointly and outcomes of Copenhagen. The CEE team established the Management Education at Copenhagen enriched the process by 9 Centre on Climate Change (MEC CC) as a providing first hand information on all step towards climate change education. The decisions and updates. Discussion with local main activities of the MEC CC focus on experts from various institutions in the city capacity building through short term and long provided the local flavour. A press note on the term courses, research and development daily outcomes of the talks at Copenhagen was activities, field visits, research guideships, released every evening for the twelve days. conducting seminars and symposia, etc. Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO Twenty students have enrolled (ACCU) Exhibition themselves in the first batch of MSc. course The Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for in Climate Change, and classes have UNESCO (ACCU), Japan held an Asia-Pacific commenced. ESD Photo Message Contest “Letters to Public Consultations Tomorrow 2007” with a focus on the MoEF commissioned CEE to hold ten celebration of our living culture. The exhibition consultations in various parts of the country displayed the prize-winning entries from the involving local and fishing community to Asia-Pacific ESD Photo Message Contest gather the public opinion and suggestions for “Letters to Tomorrow 2007”. improvement and to strengthen the existing CEE hosted the Asia/Pacific Cultural CRZ notification 1991. The first of ten in the Centre for UNESCO (ACCU) Photo Message second round of consultations to elicit views Exhibition in India, at Ahmedabad, Jaipur

219 Ministry of Environment & Forests and Pune. Over four thousand people visited developments like ICT for teaching and the exhibition and it had a host of activities learning. CEE is facilitating and conducting that celebrated the living culture. The year long environmental education and programmes have been planned to link the education for sustainable development living culture of the host city with the exhibition. activities for the students of various schools The exhibition aims to develop an in Ahmedabad. understanding and respect for different Facilitating Community-led Initiatives through cultures and traditions. It provides an Small Grants Programme opportunity for critical reflection and dialogue CEE continued to support activities with practitioners and interaction with the which demonstrate community-based community on culture, society and sustainability issues of conserving culture as a heritage. Three innovative, gender-sensitive approaches and countries of the Asia-Pacific region – Japan, lessons learned from other development Mongolia and India –simultaneously held the projects that could reduce threats to local Photo message exhibition between October and and global environment, under the Small December 2009. Grants Programme (SGP), funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). UNDP and Hands for Change - Teach India Campaign MoEF jointly administer SGP in India, and Hands for Change-Teach India CEE is the National Host Institution (NHI) since Campaign is a joint initiative of CEE and the 2000. The programme has so far supported Times of India that aims at educating the and facilitated three hundred three action- underprivileged kids with the help of based, community-led initiatives countrywide. volunteers. CEE worked with about two Educational Experiences through Interpretation hundred thirty volunteers in around seventy Centres in twenty three slum localities of CEE’s interpretation programmes seek Ahmedabad. The Campaign focused on the to convert the visits of people to natural and theme ‘Myself and My Surroundings’ and cultural heritage sites into an educational taught functional English and numeric skills opportunity. They enhance the nature to the children through a series of modules experience by providing on-site information developed to guide the volunteers through through signages and exhibits, create a strong the twelve weeks. impact and go a long way towards increasing Sustainable Schools Programme public commitment to the cause of conservation. Increasingly, interpretation is CEE as part of its Sustainable Schools also emerging as a vital tool that helps to Programme (SSP) continued to involve schools impress on visitors the critical link between in a variety of hands on activities to create environment and sustainable development. awareness and understanding on issues of Some of the projects taken up during the sustainability. The programme consolidates period are: CEE’s twenty five years of experience in school education. It offers tried and tested – Construction of Main Gate at Madhav pedagogical approaches as well as use new National Park, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh.

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– Interactive Map and wall mounted vinyl SAYEN prints showing India’s forest cover maps in CEE hosts the Secretariat and the India the chamber of Hon’ble Minister of State National Focal Point for the South Asia Youth (I/C), Environment & Forests, GoI. Environment Network (SAYEN), supported by – Setting up of signages, hoardings, UNEP – Regional Office of the Asia and the dioramas, relief map etc. for Department Pacific (ROAP). The 6th TUNZA SAYEN of Tourism, Meghalaya Regional Meet was organised on 16-19 – Installation of Nature trails, photo-text November at Colombo, Sri Lanka. The meet panels and bird interactive at Tipeshwar was hosted by CEE Sri Lanka and was jointly Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra. conducted by CEE India, the SAYEN Secretariat, and UNEP ROAP. – Interpretation Centre for Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, Wandoor, Andaman CEE’s “Prakriti - Environment Education & Nicobar, Portblair. Bus” was opened for display at various events in Ahmedabad and Surat. As part of Energy – Interpretation Centre at Education in Primary-teacher Training Nandurmadhmeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Colleges, a joint initiative of the Gujarat Nashik. Energy Development Agency and CEE, – Interpretation and Orientation Centres for workshops have been organized in twenty , Maharashtra five PTC colleges in five districts of Gujarat. National Green Corps Also, about ninety volunteering or internship 9 opportunities were provided in projects and CEE has been the Resource Agency activities related to sustainable development. (RA) in fifteen States and two Union Territories and covers around forty thousand schools TechMODE through this country wide awareness CEE initiated GRAMDOOT, under the programme initiated and funded by the TechMODE (Technology Mediated Open and Ministry. Various activities including training Distance Education) project to strengthen of master trainers, developing and distributing Open and Distance Learning through mobile educational material, conducting workshops and other media, in Rajkot district of Gujarat. and observing environmentally significant The project aims to promote information days like Earth Day, Wildlife Week, etc. were empowerment and livelihood security of the undertaken. rural poor and the poorest. District level orientation and training Saral Shiksha – Making Education Simpler programme for eco-club teachers were also conducted in different states. CEE Jaipur with CEE has signed an MoU with UNICEF Rajasthan Bharat Scouts and Guides Gujarat for a project to develop an interactive conducted one day district level Prakriti Mela multimedia learning pack. In many at Jaipur on 7th November. CEE also facilitated government primary schools, the number of a State level Eco Fair in Rajastan from classes or sections is often greater than the 17 - 18 July 2009. number of teachers; for instance, three

221 Ministry of Environment & Forests teachers for a school with classes from first of sustainability and the annual volume acts to seventh. This makes situation hard for both as a platform to launch further discussion, teachers and the students. Under Saral study, and research. Shiksha project, CDs comprising animated, – CEE adapted and produced Facilitators and interactive software that will help students Trainers Guide Book on human values based learn hard spots from Science and water, sanitation and hygiene education. Mathematics textbooks of classes fifth to – A hand book for Coastal Mangers, seventh would be developed. ‘Towards Safe Coasts Integrating Disaster Sustainable Development through NREGA Risk Reduction into Coastal development in CEE has initiated projects on India’ was brought out by CEE. integrating Sustainable Development – CEE developed ‘We Hold our Future’, a perspective in implementation of National sub-regional sustainable development Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, in strategy for South Asia – a youth different States of the country. perspective. Publications C.P.R. Environmental Education – CEE North has trans-adapted ‘Disha’ the Centre (CPREEC) handbook for National Bal Bhavans and Introduction National Green Corps (NGC) eco-club C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre facilitators into Hindi. The booklet is titled (CPREEC) is a Centre of Excellence of the Kar Dikhaein Kuch Aisa Shamil Kar Sabhi Ministry of Environment and Forests, Ko (Let’s do and show, with everyone’s Government of India, jointly set up by the participation). The book aims to provide Ministry and the C.P. Ramaswami Aiyar orientation towards Education for Foundation. The main objective is to create Sustainable Development. awareness among various stakeholders about – A Trip With Drip: The Water Drop has got current environmental issues and its fourth language version with the book responsibilities towards the preservation of being published in Turkish. The Turkish our environment. The programmes are version titled Su Damlasi Sipsip ile Bir Gezi conducted in the states of Andhra Pradesh, was recently published by publishing house Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, Caretta. Ten thousand copies of the book Maharashtra and Tamilnadu and the Union have been distributed free of cost to selected Territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands primary schools across Turkey. and Pudhucherry. – CEE brought out the Indian Edition of State Progress /achievements made during the year of the World Report 2009, which is focused – CPREEC’s Green School Initiative (GSI), on Climate Change. State of the World launched in 2007 in Chennai, Bengaluru, Report published annually by Worldwatch Hyderabad and Ooty, was expanded to Institute, Washington, has been a include more schools and two more places– benchmark for discussions on various issues Mysore and Puducherry. This scheme

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involves students in environmental – Disaster management programmes for management in five areas: reducing energy coastal communities focused on planting and water consumption, waste shelter belts to mitigate the impact of management, greening the campus and cyclones and floods that repeatedly attack animal welfare. This programme has been the east coast of India. hugely successful in converting awareness – The species approach to biodiversity and education to action. Awards were given conservation has been very popular with to the best GSI schools in Chennai, teachers and students in Andhra Pradesh, Bengaluru and Hyderabad. Karnataka, Tamilnadu and Puducherry. The – Teachers selected by the state Departments focus was on Project Tiger, Project Elephant of Education in the states of Andhra and Wetlands. The participants visited Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Orissa, reserved forests and planned campaigns Maharashtra and Tamilnadu were trained about the importance of biodiversity to teach environmental studies in line with conservation. the new syllabus and textbooks. Resource – CPREEC trained several NGOs and materials to supplement class work were villagers in preparing People’s Biodiversity distributed to all participants. Registers by applying the Quadrat survey – Special workshops on Environmental method. The Biodiversity Register of each Education for Sustainable Development village is maintained by the local NGO targeted state government textbook writers and/or villagers. 9 who will include the subject in future textbooks. – CPREEC has been conserving and restoring – To extend the scope of environmental sacred groves since 1993-94. Eight groves education, Kompassionate Kids - a project are taken up for restoration each year. funded by the Winsome Constance Sacred groves are the hub for village Kindness Trust, Australia and the C.P. meetings and school visits that are devoted Ramaswami Aiyar Foundation – was to proactive conservation plans. All activities launched to teach children about the link are implemented with the participation of between their food and environmental local villagers. Saplings are distributed to damage as well as the importance of local students. Forty five sacred groves have kindness to animals. A CD on “Eating Up been restored since 1993 and handed over the World” was produced and distributed to the local communities. to NGOs and schools, accompanied by – CPREEC trained women of thirty villages relevant literature. in waste management, vermi-composting, organic gardening and health and nutrition. – CPREEC organized programmes on waste Saplings and seeds were distributed to the management for rural sanitary workers in participants and seed banks of local handling, segregating and composting varieties were established in twenty villages. waste. The various laws that govern biomedical waste management were – The definition and importance of the Nilgiris included. Biosphere Reserve was conveyed to the

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Village Forest Committees and Panchayats Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamilnadu and the in the districts of Nilgiris, Coimbatore and Union Territories of Andaman & Nicobar Erode in Tamilnadu, Chamarajnagar in Islands and Puducherry. Karnataka and Wayanad in Kerala. – CPREEC collected and analysed one – The success of the CPREEC’s Anti–Plastic hundred fifty water samples along the campaign conducted in Ootacamund for Chennai coast to compare the level of the last four years prompted the District intrusion. Water was collected from fifty Authorities to extend it to , where localities along the coast to study CPREEC launched the campaign at the salt water intrusion. CPREEC also carried annual Fruit Show at Sim’s Park. Exhibitions out ambient air quality, noise level and soil on the Tiger and Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve surveys at in . were put up in several places, including At Gudiyatham in , ambient Mudumalai and Bandipur Tiger Reserves. air and noise level surveys were carried out. The water quality of Tiruchirapalli was – Forest guards, nursing trainees and teacher also analysed. In collaboration with a trainees were chosen for programmes on the importance of the island ecosystem and school in Kanchipuram district, CPREEC carried out an ambient air quality and noise disaster preparedness. CPREEC’s exhibition survey near a crushing unit to study the on Biodiversity and Climate Change was pollution caused by noise and dust particles. exhibited in several places. Water samples of the residential areas were – Four issues of the quarterly newsletter also analysed. All the above were carried ECONEWS were brought out. Two of the out in response to requests made by local issues dealt with a specific topic: Climate communities. Change and Natural Heritage Sites of India. – CPREEC’s ENVIS Centre on Conservation Generation and Production of Resource of Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sites of Materials India has expanded the existing database A booklet on Nilgiris Under Attack on various aspects of Indian ecological (English), Tiger! Tiger! (in Malayalam, Telugu heritage with primary and secondary and Tamil) and Climate Change (in English sources. The Bi-Annual ENVIS newsletter and Tamil) were also published. A textbook ECOHERITAGE.COM was published in the on Climate Change, books on Biodiversity, prescribed format. Disaster Management and Solid Waste – Being the Regional Resource Agency (RRA) Management (in Telugu) and a Training for the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Manual on Bio-Medical Waste Management Kerala, Goa, Orissa, Tamilnadu and Union were also published. Territories of Andaman & Nicobar Islands – Appropriate resource materials produced and Puducherry), CPREEC convened a by CPREEC were distributed to the meeting of the above Nodal Agencies at participants of the various training Chennai to discuss the functioning and the programmes organised in the states of modalities of the NGC. Workshops were Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, organised for NGC teacher-coordinators

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in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Loyola College, Chennai, Dr. K. Rema Devi, Kerala, Orissa, Tamilnadu and Union Scientist-E & Officer in Charge, Marine Territories of Puducherry and Andaman & Biological Station, Zoological Survey of Nicobar Islands. India, Chennai, Dr. Sultan Ahmed Ismail, – CPREEC structured a series of workshops Director, Ecoscience Research Foundation, on Bio-medical Waste Management for Chennai and Dr. D. Narasimhan, Reader, Medical Officers in the states of Andhra Department of Botany, Madras Christian Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamilnadu and College, Chennai. the Union Territory of Puducherry. The – CPREEC brought out a sticker to highlight workshops were executed in collaboration the importance of climate change and with the State Pollution Control Boards and organised a sticker campaign at Chennai. the Indian Medical Association. A Manual The staff of CPREEC distributed stickers to on Bio-medical Waste Management was motorists at important traffic junctions. specially prepared and distributed to the participants. The workshops were – Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman, sponsored by the Ministry of Environment CPREEC, gave away the annual C. P. R. and Forests, Government of India. Environmental Education Centre Award for Environmental Education - 2009 to Shri. – A series of workshops on Solid Waste Rajendra Pandurang Kerkar, a teacher from Management was organized in the states Goa, in recognition of his contribution to of Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and the environmental conservation through Union Territory of Puducherry for 9 education. Corporation and Municipality solid waste managers and elected members of the – CPREEC organized GLOBE programmes Panchayat. The workshops sponsored by in sixty schools in Puducherry. The schools the Ministry of Environment and Forests, were provided with GPS Coordinates and Government of India were conducted in equipments like water gauge, minimum / collaboration with the concerned district maximum thermometer, pH meter, cloud Municipal Corporation. chart. The schools were trained to take – In collaboration with the US Consulate readings on the rainfall, min/max General, Chennai, CPREEC organised the temperature, cloud patterns and pH of Earth Day lecture on Climate Change and water. the Future of Wetlands by Dr. Beth A. – A pamphlet and stickers on Climate Change Middleton, Research Ecologist, National were distributed to NGOs and educational Wetlands Research Centre, Lafayette, USA. institutions implementing NEAC in select – A Round Table Discussion on Biodiversity districts in Tamilnadu, Andaman & Nicobar and Invasive Alien Species was organised Islands and Puducherry. A pre-NEAC at Chennai to mark the International workshop was organised in Puducherry on Biological Diversity Day. The panelists January 19, 2010. Tree saplings were also included Ref. Fr. Dr. S. Ignacimuthu, distributed to schools in Kanchipuram and Director, Entomology Research Institute, Villuppuram districts.

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Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), factors involves long-term monitoring of Indian Institute of Science (IISc), permanent plots in tropical forests of Bengaluru Western Ghats, mainly the Nilgiris and Introduction and Objectives Uttara Kannanda districts. Natural vegetation, plantations and soils have been The Centre for Ecological Sciences known as major carbon sinks. Analysis of (CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), a ninteen year data set from a fifty hectare Bengaluru was established in 1983. The CES, plot in Mudumalai indicated that drought IISc conducts research and undertakes enhances tree mortality with a time lag of education and training in the broad area of one to three years, but that tropical dry ecology with special emphasis on the Western forests have better adaptive capacity Ghats. The Union Ministry of Environment compared to tropical moist forest and and Forests recognized the Centre of temperate forests. The results also indicate Ecological Science, Indian Institute of science, that the tropical dry and moist deciduous Bengaluru as a Centre of Excellence in the forests of the Western Ghats continue to year 1983. The CES, IISc conducts basic act as carbon sinks in spite of disturbances research with practical application in such as fire and drought. More specifically, conservation and sustainable development of the Centre have been focusing on the ecology natural areas of Western Ghats and other regions of the country, and organizes of the invasive species Lantana camara, its extension and training programmes response to climatic factors and it’s impact particularly for field managers. on native plant and animal communities. Rainfall and fire both play significant roles Activities undertaken so far in the spread of this invasive plant. The Centre for Ecological Sciences – Community ecology and biogeography of carried out thirty research projects in the fields select vertebrate taxa in the Western Ghats of ecology of tropical forests, climate change, community ecology, behavioural ecology and The biogeography of herpetofauna in the evolutionary biology. The centre also Western Ghats is of particular interest given contributed to several initiatives of the Ministry the high endemism and ancient origin of of Environment & Forests including the Expert several families. The Centre is studying the Panel on Climate Change and wildlife biogeography of these groups using a conservation programmes such as the combination of primary data, landscape National Tiger Conservation Authority and ecology, modelling and molecular genetic the Committee on Rationalization of tools to recreate phylogenies which provide Boundaries of National Parks and Sanctuaries. clues about routes of dispersal and other mechanisms that result in current distribution Progress and achievements during the year patterns. Work has also been initiated on – Tropical forests and climate change the community ecology of birds, on mixed Centre’s work on tropical forest structure, species foraging flocks, and on distribution dynamics and the influence of climatic patterns of vertebrates.

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– Coastal and marine biology and its species. The Centre also completed studies conservation on vegetation structure and microhabitat Five of the seven species of marine turtles selection by the cricket community of are found in Indian coastal waters and at National Park. The results show least four have significant nesting beaches strong microhabitat selection by most of and/or feeding areas. The Centre is the cricket species: continuing molecular genetic studies of these – Behavioural ecology of large mammals turtles to explore phylogeography and A project on behavioural flexibility in large population genetics, and studying other mammals focuses on the threatened aspects such as multiple paternity. The blackbuck antelope Antilope cervicapra Centre is also initiating tagging and and uses a behavioural ecological telemetry studies for leatherback turtles in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The framework to understand the responses of Centre is a long term population monitoring individuals and thereby the population to programme for mass nesting populations changing environmental conditions. The of olive ridley turtles in Orissa, and the ecological basis of space use, foraging and potential impact of climate change on sea social behaviour is being studied in a typical populations through it’s impact on fragmented grassland landscape. The sex ratios. The Centre has also initiated consequences of these behavioural traits towards crop damage and conflict with projects on the diversity and distribution of 9 coastal and marine invertebrates. We are agriculturalists is also being studied. Initial studying the biogeography of these groups results indicate that there is extensive using a combination of primary data, variation across habitats and within each landscape ecology, modelling and habitat in blackbuck use. The occurrence molecular genetic tools. of crop damage is very localised and the factors predicting this occurrence are being – Biodiversity and Conservation explored. The Centre’s work on Asian Over the past year, The Centre has elephant behaviour and ecology also completed study on bat diversity in continued with new research on reproductive Kudremukh National Park. A total of twenty behaviour of the species in Kaziranga bat species have been identified to date. National Park with special emphasis on Of these, sixteen species belonged to the female choice of tusked versus tuskless males. Microchiroptera (insectivorous bats) and – Molecular ecology four to the Megachiroptera (fruit-eating bats). Of the forty one species of bats In the past year, a number of projects have reported so far from the Western Ghats, been completed, including Phylogeny and twenty (almost 50%) were found in biogeography of tarantula, Evolutionary Kudremukh National Park. Of the sixteen origin of scolopendrid centipedes and echolocating insectivorous bat species, the Molecular evidence for out-of-India centre obtained call recordings of thirteen hypothesis.

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– Social Behaviour of Insects contrast by active selection of non-UV reflecting surfaces when given a choice of The past year the Centre has used the UV-reflecting and non-UV reflecting surfaces methods of network analysis to conduct a in the absence of odour cues. Honeybees study entitled “A comparative social (Apis cerana) approached Spathiphyllum network analysis of colonies and plants bearing crab spiders on which the classrooms: Linking network structure to spiders were high UV-contrast targets with functioning”. A major question in current greater frequency than those plants on which network science is how to understand the the UV contrast of the spiders was low. Thus, relationship between structure and crab spiders can perceive UV and may use functioning of real networks. The Centre it to choose appropriate backgrounds to conducted a comparative network analysis enhance prey capture, by exploiting the of forty eight wasp and thirty six human social attraction of prey such as honeybees to UV. networks. The Centre has compared the Centre for Mining Environment centralisation and small world character of (CME), Indian School of Mines, these interaction networks and have studied Dhanbad how these properties change over time. The Centre of Mining Environment – Chemical Ecology of Species Interactions: (CME), Dhanbad is a Centre of Excellence Plants, Insects, and other Invertebrates since 1987 under the Ministry’s Grants-in- The interactions between figs (Ficus spp., Aid (Plan) Scheme – Centres of Excellence Moraceae) and their associated fig wasps in the field of mining. The Centre has been (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Agaonidae) mainly engaged in R&D activities and the have been a subject of much interest to associated research publications, and in evolutionary biology as being a model defining envl safeguards for mining, training system for studying co-evolution. Their personnel in mining sector and involved in studies on Ficus racemosa in India have issues of academic interest pertaining to mining shown that ants can eavesdrop on the and environment. It is proposed to review the chemical signals emitted by fig trees to Centre’s role and activities as a Centre of attract their pollinating wasps. This is the Excellence for further release of funds. first evidence of eavesdropping by ants on Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology a plant odour. and Natural History (SACON), – Visual Ecology of Species Interactions Coimbatore The Centre studies have shown that crab Objectives spiders (Thomisus sp.) hunting on The Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology Spathiphyllum plants use chromatic contrast, and Natural History (SACON) was especially UV contrast, to make themselves established in 1990 in Coimbatore as “Centre attractive to hymenopteran prey. Apart from of Excellence” of the Ministry. The main that, they are able to achieve high UV objectives of the Centre is to design and

228 Annual Report 2009-2010 conduct research in ornithology covering all aspects of biodiversity and natural history. Activities The research projects undertaken during the year 2009- 10 deals with a variety of specialized topics related with species-specific studies, studies on associated species, those relating to ecosystems/habitats, community ecology, impact assessment, and environmental contamination. SACON continued with the Fig-41. Golden Bush-Robin (Tarsiger chrysaeus) found in Himalayas and north-east India Environmental Information System (ENVIS) programme on wetlands, and its and dry evergreen and shola forest nature education programme intensively ecosystems of Tamil Nadu was undertaken during the period. upon the requirement by the Tamil Nadu Forest Major activities undertaken Department. A study on Ecology of Indian Grey Hornbill, Ocyceros birostris brings out the 9 – Species specific studies on bird that critical role played by the species in seed included a study on ‘Ecology and dispersal in Southern Eastern Ghats. Conservation of the Spot-billed Pelican’ a globally threatened species, in Andhra – The Study on ‘adaptation and tolerance of Pradesh. The in-situ and ex-situ conservation birds to urbanization with emphasis on life programme for the Edible-nest Swiftlet strategy’ funded by the International Collocalia fuciphaga in the Andaman & Foundation for Science (IFS, Sweden) looks Nicobar Islands are continued and have at the bird species, nest success and resulted in very encouraging results. In the abundance along a rural-urban gradient. Andaman & Nicobar Islands, further to the The study aims at bringing out the underlying earlier study on the impact of the 2004 ecological principles and behaivioural Tsunami, a project to monitor the post- adaptation of avian species. A study focussing tsunami coastal ecosystem recovery to identify on house sparrows in view of urbanization if necessary and develop site-specific and environmental transition is in progress restoration measures ahs been initiated. in Coimbatore. The study also examines the population changes of the species with special – Information on pollution and seed dispersal reference to the ecological and environmental is very handy in developing cost-effective threats to the species. afforestation programmes and habitat conservation. A study in this line in the dry – One of the major aims of SACON is to deciduous forests in Southern Eastern Ghats develop community participation in

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conservation actions. SACON’s important wetlands for conservation and programme in Nagaland, in collaborqation preparation of a district wise wetland atlas. with Nagaland Empowerment of People – SACON has continued its works related to through Economic Development (NEPED), Environmental Impact Assessment. A study a local organization, is mean to impart on the conservation of Kottuli Wetlands technical support on biodiversity conservation (Kerala), one of the wetlands of national and livelihood options to local Communities importance, was undertaken in view of the and to promote development of community proposed ecotourism project there. SACON conservation areas in the state. also undertook a study on the Mumbai Trans – Study of other species associated with Harbour Link (MTHL) a major infrastructure important habitats is also crucial for project built by Mumbai State Road identifying required conservation measures. Development Corporation (MSRDC) Our study on ecology of the Endangered focusing on flamingos and migratory birds. Indian Rock Python in Keoladeo National The study focuses on a stretch of about five Park, a world famous bird sanctuary and kilometer over Sewri and Nhava including a world heritage site, focuses the population the that is an important Bird Area structure, ranging pattern, food and (IBA) identified by the Indian Bird breeding habits and cohabiting animals Conservation Network. The area harbors with python. It aims at revealing the role a large population of waders and good pythons plays in the park system. Such proportion of the south Asian population information will be very handy to improve of the Lesser Flamingo (Pheonicopterus the management interventions. Another minor), a Near Threatened species. The such study looking at the herpetofaunal study identifying various threats to birds in communities of the Upper Vaigai Plateau the project area came up with conservation (Western Ghats) documented the ecology oriented recommendations to manage the and distribution of thirty four species of bird habitats. amphibians and seventy two species of – As part of ecotoxicological investigations reptiles in the area. on birds, a study on Impact of agricultural – SACON has completed a study ‘Inventory pesticides on the population status and of the biodiversity of Attappady with GIS breeding success of certain fish-eating birds aid’ in collaboration with the Attappady in Tamil Nadu was taken up. Hills Area Development agency, and – As part of nature education programme documented the distribution of major SACON reached out to thousands of components of biodiversity to help in students and public during the current year. developing strategies for management and The routine Nature Education programmes ecological restoration of the area. Another such as guest lectures, one-day nature GIS based project undertaken during the camps and wetland day/forestry day last year is ‘Inventorisation of wetlands’ in celebrations were organized. Several one- North Kerala which aims at wetland day nature camps, Salim Ali Trophy Nature mapping and inventory, identification of Competitions 2008-09, Nature camp for

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mentally challenged children, –A New Management Strategy for Environmental Awareness for college eradication of Lantana – one of the top ten students, and Vatavaran Film Festival were world’s worst weeds and an alien that some of the major events. The Salim Ali invaded tropical and subtropical India and Nature Forum promoted by SACON has threatening native biodiversity involves (i) also become a partner in DBT’s Natural removal of Lantana by cut rootstock method Awareness Clubs for Andamans. – a simple, innovative and cost effective method developed by the scientists of the – Recruitment process has been completed programme; (ii) weeding out of saplings/ for filling up four posts of scientists. young plants from beneath the perching Centre for Environmental trees of generalist birds, which disperse Management of Degraded the seeds, by using Search List of Perching Ecosystems (CEMDE), University of Trees of Generalist Birds; and (iii) restoration Delhi, Delhi of weed free landscape to the grassland/ forest communities. – The Centre of Excellence Programme of – The new management strategy has been MoEF at the Centre for Environmental widely followed for eradication of Lantana Management of Degraded Ecosystems by many states across the country. In Corbett (CEMDE), University of Delhi, has been Tiger Reserve alone, Lantana was actively involved in (i) development of eradicated from one thousand seven ecological restoration technologies for hundred hectares and restored weed free 9 ecosystem redevelopment in degraded landscapes to the grasslands which are landscapes including mined out, desertified now used by herbivores, and the frequency and degraded forest lands and (ii) in the of Tiger sighting has been increased several management of invasive weeds that led to fold in weed free restored sites. loss of biodiversity in forest ecosystems. – The Centre is to augmented capacity The scientists have developed site specific building in action research through restoration technologies which have been seminars/ workshops to stakeholders. The successfully implemented for the restoration scientists have been conducting a series of of limestone mined out areas, Iron ore interface programmes to officials and field mined out areas, morrum mined out areas staff of the forest departments of different and degraded Aravalli hills to the original states and NGOs. forest ecosystems, and these technologies are used by the stakeholders today. The Madras School of Economics, restoration technologies involve appropriate Chennai assemblage of plant species and their Introduction and objectives associated microbes and soil invertebrates, The Centre of Excellence in and inoculation procedures. The restoration Environmental Economics was set up on the technologies developed are simple, cost basis of a MoU in 2002 between the Ministry effective, does not require after care, and of Environment & Forests and the Madras generate employment among rural women. School of Economics. The MoU was extended

231 Ministry of Environment & Forests in 2008 for the duration of 11th Five Year (with focus on textile processing), and Plan. The objectives of the Centre are to carry linkages between pollution abatement and out research on issues related to environmental textile trade. economics in project mode, maintain a state- – Newsletter Launched: A bi-annual of-the-art website on environmental economics newsletter of the Centre of Excellence and provide policy assistance to the Ministry. “Green Thoughts” was launched to update During the year 2009-10, the Centre readers on the work being carried out at continued its work on the ongoing projects the Centre. Two issues of newsletter were on trade and environment inter-linkages with published during the year. Each issue special focus on textile sector, and integrating carries perspectives of experts on the eco-taxes in the emerging GST regime. The specific theme of the newsletter. Centre has initiated a bi-annual newsletter, – Dissemination papers were brought out by ‘GREEN THOUGHTS’. the Centre during the year on: Environmental Economics Website (i) Eco-system Services, and (ii) Climate The Centre’s website http:// Change and Adaptation coe.mse.ac.in has been redesigned with the – The Centre provided policy inputs to the new state-of-the-art website by making it more Ministry as and when required including user-friendly. Efforts have been made to inputs for Union Budget 2010-11. augment the database on environmental Programme on Trade and Environment economics literature substantially. Similarly a number of Indian studies have also been The Ministry has sanctioned a three- added to the database. The website is serving year consultancy project, ‘Programme on as one-stop destination for researchers, Policy Trade and Environment’ from December, makers and other stakeholders interested in 2006. Under this programme, a dedicated environmental economics related issues in India. website – http://www.mse.ac.in/trade/ index.asp has been designed and launched Studies/Projects during the year. The website functions as one- – The Centre has completed the project on, stop resource for Trade and Environment ‘Coping with Pollution in India with Eco- related issues in India with comprehensive Taxes: Integrated Approach Consistent with coverage of Doha development agenda, GST Regime’. A draft discussion paper has General Agreement on Trade in Services, been submitted to the Ministry in 2009. Regional Trade Agreements, Trade-Related – The Centre is finalizing the project, ‘Trade aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS), and and Environment: India’s Export of Textile Trade and Environment in the context of World and Textile Products and Environmental Trade Organization (WTO). Requirements’, addressing, inter-alia, issues Foundation for Revitalization of Local like: status of pollution abatement in textile Health Tradition (FRLHT), Bengaluru industry in India, trade competitiveness of Indian textile industry, assessment of The Centre of Excellence on Medicinal pollution abatement costs in textile industry Plants and Traditional Knowledge at FRLHT,

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Bengaluru was initiated during 2002-03 to bring to the focus and address the various issues related to conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants. In the course of its activities, the Centre has created a national Bio-cultural herbarium of medicinal plants and an ethno-medicinal garden, both of which have very rich collections of Medicinal plants. Besides, the Centre engages in: a) pharmacognostic studies on the controversial plant raw drug groups in trade, b) building capacities of different stakeholder groups about various issues related to medicinal plants, through its capacity building courses, workshops and training, c) preparing a GIS based Atlas of distribution maps of medicinal plants to help forest managers in planning conservation action, d) Well- referenced educational CD-ROMS on medicinal plants used in Siddha, Unani and Fig-42. Dactylorhiza hatagirea, a high-valued 9 Homoeopathic systems of medicine. medicinal orchid, commonly known as ‘Salem Panja’ or ‘Hatajari’ Progress/achievements during the year collections were grouped around ten select – Development of unique Bio-cultural themes. Further, about one thousand five Herbarium of Indian Medicinal Plants was hundred images of plants including their one of the key tasks. Towards this end, the medicinal parts and habitat, and scanned botanical team of the centre engaged in images of about eight hundred Herbarium floristic surveys in different locations of Tamil sheets were added to the image library in Nadu, Rajasthan, Goa, Gujarat, Nagaland an attempt to make it into a Virtual one. and Dibang valley in Assam, which resulted During the year, about eight hundred in the collection of about four hundred samples procured from different markets specimens of one hundred species. Further across the country were added to Raw drug to this, about one thousand specimens were repository. added to the Herbarium in order to The team also took up a Status survey of strengthen the representation of the wild populations of Saraca asoca across morphological variations of medicinal plant select locations in West Bengal, Orissa and species. Khasi hills and prepared a Status report. In order to make the collection at the – The collections at the Ethno-medicinal Herbarium more Education friendly, the garden were further diversified by adding

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more theme, viz., Narcotic and poisonous the CD-ROM on “Plants in Ashtanga plants, Plants for enhancing water quality. Sangraha” was prepared. – The Phyto-chemical screening, DNA Tropical Botanic Garden and extraction, rRNA sequence based molecular Research Institute, identification of various “Daruharidra” Thiruvananthapuram samples was completed. Besides, Species- Introduction and objectives specific markers for each “Daruharidra” species were developed. A Monograph on Tropical Botanic Garden and Research “Vidanga” group of plant drugs has been Institute (TBGRI) was established by finalized and printed. Another Monograph Government of Kerala as an autonomous R&D on “Vidari” group of plant drugs has also organization in 1979 to facilitate conservation been drafted. and research on tropical plant resources in general and of the country and the Kerala – The Geo-distribution maps for two hundred state in particular. The institute is located at fifty species and Eco-distribution maps for about forty kilometer northeast to twenty five species were prepared. The Thiruvananthapuram city and maintains a revised and upgraded version of Digital three hundred acre conservatory garden for Atlas, incorporating Geo-distribution and the wild tropical plant genetic resources of Eco-distribution maps has been completed. the country, besides a well integrated Additionally, a review note on the current multidisciplinary R&D system dealing with status of recording and reporting of exports conservation, management and sustainable and imports of medicinal plants was also utilization of tropical plant resources. The prepared. Institute was brought under the society – Two National level workshops on “Strategy established by the State Government namely and Guidelines for Conservation of “Kerala State Council for Science, Technology Medicinal Plants in India” were conducted and Environment” (KSCSTE) in 2003. which resulted in the consolidation of the The Institute was recognized as a Strategy and Guidelines. Six capacity National Centre of Excellence in ex-situ building courses on “Medicinal Plants conservation of tropical plants and a number Conservation” for the Front line staff of of research projects as referred below were Rajasthan, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh were successfully implemented by the institute. organised in which more than two hundred – Introduced over one hundred thirty thirty field staff were trained. Two TOT accessions including trees, medicinal plants, courses on “Medicinal Plants Conservation” bamboos, palms etc to the living plant were organised for the Faculty from the collection. Twenty five species of palms and Forestry Training Institute, in which about twenty species of ferns introduced from twenty five faculty member were trained. highlight of this collection. – A prototype CD-ROM on the “Plants in – Database on two hundred twenty Plant Sushruta Samhita” was prepared and sent species of the Western Ghats developed and for a peer review. Similarly, prototype of a manuscript in Ethnobotany was revised.

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– More than one thousand two hundred zeylanicus were isolated and are being collections of lower Fungi organized, characterized. common fungal pathogens of twenty two – Analgesic and anti-inflammatory studies on Vanilla Plantations were collected from the plant extract (Justicia genderossa) is different parts of Kerala. completed. – About one hundred forty Macro - lichens – The antidiabetic property of Pilea and one hundred micro lichens were microphylla and the wound healing collected, thirty seven species were found property of Glycosmis pentaphylla has been to be new records. confirmed in animal models. – Pollination and seed cryobanking of two – One thousand six hundred, herbarium horticulturally important orchids was specimens were processed and ninety developed. species of plants were collected and – Hairy root cultures of Rauwolfia micrantha taxonomically identified. were found to contain significant quantities – Reproductive biology of Impatiens of the anti-hypertensive agent, Ajmalicin. dassysperma was critically studied. – Partial c-DNA of tyrosin carboxylase gene – Nine hundred thirty two collections were involved in L-DOPA synthesis was isolated added to mushroom herbarium. and characterized. – Draft of the Children’s Handbook on – Genetic diversity was estimated in thirteen Medicinal and Food Plants (1st volume) 9 accessions of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. prepared. – Insect repellent property of certain plants – Herbs for all and Health for all: awareness of the Andaman islands was analysed and and training programmes completed in the development of Bee and Mosquito repellent Vithura Gramapanchayath. A trainer’s formulation is in progress. manual (98 pages) prepared is under print. – Potential molecules having flavouring, fragrant – Collections of banana germplasm and anti-oxidant properties isolated from organized through people support from selected plants. At least four international remote village publications were made out of these. – Multiplied high value medicinal plants, – As part of chemical prospective of plants, distributed to beneficiaries and imparted biological molecules of Curcuma, Thottea training in nursery practices and cultivation and Pittosporum species were at Kanjukuzhy Panchayath, Alappuzha characterized. district (One year project). – An active coumarino – lignoid compound – A biodiversity awareness workshop involved in stimulating water and electrolyte organized for thirty delegates from Kollam absorption in intestine was identified. Corporation; training on plant propagation – Proteins isolated from an active fraction, imparted to seventy five Plus Two students involved in anti-stress activity of Trichopus during National Technology Day.

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– Three popular varieties of banana (Nenthran, scope of the project, Consultations with Robusta, Grand Naine) and ornamentals experts, study on the utilization of the bullock multiplied and distributed to the public to carts in two locations each in Karnataka and generate about Rs. 1.5 lakhs as income. Tamil Nadu and the need for their – Over twenty five thousand students and modernization, Study of two slaughter houses visitors visited TBGRI during the year and in two locations in the cities of Karnataka or the messege of conservation was effectively Tamil Nadu, preparation of Website and data disseminated. bank, Conducting Audio Visual Programme on Environment for school children in The Institute’s garden was recognized Bengaluru City, Conducting Questionnaire as a Lead Garden for the region and Survey on the subjects of land availability, necessary funds were provided for this classification of land, availability of pasture purpose by the Union Ministry of Environment land , forest land etc, population of livestock, & Forests. The institute has established a park their classification, trend in population, for rare species, which will serve as a utilization of bullock carts in six States viz., demonstration plot. Propagation techniques Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa , for rare species and infrastructural facilities Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka for eco education has been developed under were the activities taken during the year. the scheme. Further, as a Lead Institution for Study of Slaughter Houses in two locations Biosphere Reserves of South India, the Institute in Karnataka has prepared status report of Augusthyamalai Biosphere Reserve for onward transmission Work has already been taken up to to UNESCO. study the slaughter of small and big animals in the districts of Belgaum and also of Centre for Animals and slaughtering animals for the City based Environment, CARTMAN, Bengaluru abattoirs in Bengaluru. The project on Centre of Excellence for Creation of Website and Data Bank Animals & Environment (CAE) awarded by the Work has already been started and Ministry to CARTMAN, Bengaluru in 2000 and this particular Website will be operational discontinued after two years for administrative during the last quarter of the financial year reasons was resumed during 2009. 2010-11. The main objective of the Project is to Audio Visual Shows study the mutual dependence and inter- relationship between the Animals As a part of the Awareness Programme (LIVESTOCK) and Environment (Plant Life) and planned for the first year CAE completed initiate steps to preserve environment and to twenty five numbers of Audio Visual Shows improve the health and welfare of animals for various school children in the City of by making them more productive. Bengaluru. Audio Visual shows conducted were on environment, conservation of ecology, Activities undertaken during the year bio - diversity, conservation of natural Compilation of data relating to the resources and pollution control.

236 Annual Report 2009-2010 CHAPTER – 10 FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS

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Indira Gandhi Paryavaran are not considered. Short listing of the Puraskar (IGPP) nomination is carried out by three Expert Members selected by the Prime Minister’s Introduction and Objectives Office. The environmental Prize Committee In reverential memory of late Prime constituted under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi, the Ministry of Vice President of India select the awardees. Environment and Forests, in the year 1987, While selecting the awardees the term instituted an award called “Indira Gandhi “environment’ is interpreted in the broadest Paryavaran Puraskar “ to give recognition to sense possible and comprising of following those having made or have the potential to areas of work: make the measurable and major impact in the protection of environment. In the – Prevention of Pollution. beginning, a cash prize of Rs. 1,00,000/- – Conservation of Natural Resources. was awarded to deserving individual/ organization of India. Since 1991, the prize – Rational use of depletable resources. of Rs. 1,00,000/- each were awarded – Environmental Planning and Management. separately to individual and organizational – Environmental Impact Assessment. category. From the year 2002, the prize money has been enhanced to Rs. 5,00,000/- – Outstanding field work (innovative research in each category. Subsequently, the work) for enrichment of environment e.g. “Regulations” governing the IGPP was revised afforestation, land reclamation, water from the year 2005 onwards. As per the treatment, air purification etc. revised regulations, one prize of – Environmental Education. Rs. 5,00,000/- under the Organisation – Creating awareness of environmental category, and two prizes of Rs. 3,00,000/- issues. and Rs. 2,00,000/- each to individuals in the Individual category shall be given The awardees for the Indira Gandhi annually. The regulations governing the IGPP Paryavaran Puraskar for the year 2006 and was again revised. As per the revised for 2007 were selected by the Prize committee regulations from the year 2009 onwards, two under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice prizes of Rs. 5,00,000/- each under the President of India. The awards were given Organisation category, and three prizes of away to the awardees by Her Excellency Smt. Rs. 5,00,000/- Rs. 3,00,000/- and Prathiba Devisingh Patil, President of India in Rs. 2,00,000/- each to individuals in the the award ceremony held at Vigyan Bhawan, th Individual category shall be given annually. New Delhi on 5 June, 2009 on the occasion Along with the cash prize, each awardee is of World Environment Day. given a silver lotus trophy and a citation. Any The nominations received for IGPP- citizen of India or organization working in 2008 were processed. Short-listing of the India for the cause of environment is eligible nomination was carried out by the three for the award. There is no age limit for the experts selected by PMO. The ground truth nomination for individual. Self nominations verification of the short-listed nominations was

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Fig-43. Presentation of IGPP award by Hon’ble President of India on World Environment Day, 2009 10 carried out by the Regional Offices concerned for IGPP-2009 under both the individual and of the Ministry. The Prize Committee in its organization category have been received. meeting held on 20th August 2009, again Various activities as per the regulations short listed 6 nominations (3 in the individual applicable for IGPP-2009 are under process. category and 3 in the organization category) Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra for further verification at field level by carrying (IPVM) Awards out videography/ photography as appropriate. The ground truth verification The Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra along with photography/Videography of the (IPVM) Awards were instituted in 1986 to 6 short-listed nominations was carried out by recognize the pioneering and innovative the Statistical Adviser, MoEF along with the contribution made by the individuals and regional offices concerned of the Ministry. institutions in the field of afforestation/ The selection of the awardees have been done wasteland development every year. by the Prize Committee in its meeting held Till the year 2005, the awards were on 16th February, 2010. given under twelve categories but from 2006 Advertisements for inviting the onwards the awards were restructured to nominations for IGPP, 2009 were issued in enhance their response and prestige and now national dailies with regional coverage on awards under four categories are given as 5th June and 20th July, 2009. The nominations follows:

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1. Individuals including Government Servants IPVM Awards for States and Union 2. Joint Forest Management Committee Territories (JFMC) The IPVM Awards for States and Union 3. Institutions/ Organizations under Territories were instituted in the year 2008 Government for enhancing the percentage of Forest and Tree Cover in States/UTs. The awards are 4. Non-Governmental Institutions/ divided into three categories and only one Organizations award is to be given in each category as • Only one award is given in each under:- category. a) Big States having geographical Rs.8.00 • Cash prize of Rs. 2.5 lakhs along with area of 80,000 sq. km. and lakhs (One) Medallion and Citation is given for above. each category. b) Small States having geographical Rs.5.00 • Nominations of Government servants/ area below 80,000 sq. km. lakhs (One) Govt. Institutions/Organizations are c) Union Territories Rs.5.00 forwarded through the Head of the lakhs (One) Department/Organization concerned and those from JFMCs may be The IPVM Awards for States/UTs were th forwarded by the PCCF concerned. conferred upon on 19 November, 2009 and the same for the calendar year 2010 are The Awards upto the year 2006, 2007 under process. and 2008 were conferred on 19th November 2009 and the same for the calendar year Pitamber Pant National 2010 are under process. Environment Fellowship Pitamber Pant National Environment Fellowship instituted in 1978 is awarded every year to encourage and recognize excellence in any branch of research related to the environmental sciences. The fellowship is awarded every year and is in recognition of significant important research/ development contributions and is also intended to encourage talented individuals to devote themselves to Research and Fig-44. Hon’ble Minister of State (I/C) for Environment and Forests with an awardee of IPVM during the award presentation ceremony Development (R&D) pursuits in

240 Annual Report 2009-2010 the field of environmental sciences. The Ministry also extended the tenure of the duration of the fellowship is two years. So far, Selection Committee from 08.09.2009 to twenty seven fellowship Awards have been given 07.09.2012. A Meeting of the Selection to various Scientists throughout the country. Committee for the Janaki Ammal National B.P.Pal National Environment Award on Taxonomy for 2008 is scheduled to be held on 23.03.2010 under he Chairmanship Fellowship for Biodiversity of Secretary (E&F). The Ministry has received B.P.Pal National Environment twenty four nominations from various sources. Fellowship Award for bio-diversity was National Awards for Prevention of instituted during 1993 and is awarded Pollution and Rajiv Gandhi annually with a view to further develop, Environment Award for Clean deepen and strengthen the expertise on Bio- Technology diversity available in the country. The National Awards for Prevention The fellowship is in recognition of of Pollution and the Rajiv Gandhi Environment significant important research and Award for Clean Technology are given each development contributions and is also year, in the following identified categories of intended to encourage talented individual to highly polluting industries, of industries which devote themselves whole-time to R&D pursuits have made a significant and measurable in the field of bio-diversity. Duration of the contribution towards development of use of fellowship is two years. So far, ten Fellowship clean technologies, products or practices that Awards have been awarded to various prevent pollution and find innovative solution 10 scientists throughout the country. to environmental problems: The reconstituted Advisory Committee Large Scale Industries meeting to consider the nominations received for the year 2007 and 2008 for Pitamber Pant i) Sugar, ii) Fertilizer, iii) Cement, iv) National Environment Fellowship Award and Fermentation and Distillery, v) Aluminium, vi) Dr. B.P. Pal National Environment Fellowship Petro-chemicals, vii) Thermal Power, viii) Award for Biodiversity was held on 8th February, Caustic Soda, ix) Oil Refineries, x) Sulphuric 2010 under the Chairmanship of Secretary Acid, xi) Tanneries, xii) Copper Smelting, xiii) (E&F) at Paryavaran Bhawan, New Delhi. Zinc Smelting, xiv) Iron and Steel, xv) Pulp Fellowships for the year 2009 and 2010 are and Paper, xvi) Dye and Dye Intermediates, under process. xvii) Pesticides, xviii) Pharmaceuticals. E.K. Janaki Ammal National Award Small Scale Industries on Taxonomy i) Tanneries, ii) Pulp and Paper, iii) The nominations for E.K. Janaki Ammal Dye and Dye Intermediates, iv) Pesticides, v) National Award on Taxonomy for the year Pharmaceuticals. 2008 were duly invited through The National Awards for Prevention of advertisements in print and electronic media Pollution are bestowed on twenty three industries and by writing letters to all concerned. With (eighteen large scale and five small scale the approval of Minister of State (IC), the industries), one each for the above mentioned

241 Ministry of Environment & Forests categories of industries based upon their Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation performance during the Award financial year. Award The Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife for Clean Technology is given to the one which Conservation Award is given for significant is the best among these industries, particularly contribution in the field of wildlife which is from the angle of adoption of the clean recognized as having made or has the technology. The Awards comprise a Cash potential to make measurable and major Award of Rupees one lakh in addition to a impact on the protection and conservation of silver Trophy and a Citation. wildlife in the country. Two awards of Rs. National Award for Prevention of One lakh each, along with medallions, and Pollution for the year 2007-2008 under the citations, are given to: Fertilizer category was awarded to M/s Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Ltd. (IFFCO), – Education and research institutions and Aonla Unit, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh for its organizations, and commendable efforts towards conservation of – Forests and Wildlife Officers/research energy and water, reduction in waste generation scholars or scientists/ wildlife conservations. and for its commitment towards maintaining a In addition, the Ministry also awards safe, clean and healthy environment. two fellowships viz. a) Dr. Salim Ali National Nominations were invited for the Wildlife Fellowship and b) Shri Kailash National Awards for Prevention of Pollution Sankhla National Wildlife Fellowship. The and the Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award for fellowships are awarded to inspire and Clean Technology for the year 2008-2009. promote, particularly the younger generation Sixty seven nominations have been received of wildlife managers and scientists, for taking for the Awards for the year 2008-2009 and up research/ experimental projects aimed at evaluation of the same are being processed conservation of the rich wildlife heritage of for consideration of the Award Committee. this country. Dr. Salim Ali National Wildlife Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Fellowship and Shri Kailash Sankhla National Protection Award Wildlife Fellowship Awards are awarded for The “Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Research/Experimental projects on avian Protection Award” is a national award instituted wildlife and on mammalian wildlife by the Ministry for protecting wildlife, which respectively. carries a cash award of Rs. One lakh, apart Medini Puraskar from citation and medallion. This annual award is given to an individual/institution pertaining The Hon’ble Minister of State to rural communities for significant contribution (Independent Charge) Environment & Forests, in the field of wildlife protection, which is honoured four writers under Medini Puraskar recognized as having shown exemplary courage Scheme with a view to encourage writing of and valor or having done some exemplary work original books in Hindi, on the subjects related for the protection of wildlife in the country. to the environment for the year 2008.

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CHAPTER – 11 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION 243 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Information System more comprehensive environmental (ENVIS) information network. Introduction ENVIS network at present consists of a chain of 76 network partners out of which All efforts towards protection and 46 are on subject-specific and 30 are on improvement of environment aim at State related issues. These network partners sustaining good quality of life for living are called ENVIS Centres and are located in beings. Environmental management thus the notable organizations/ institutions/ plays an important role in effecting a Universities/State/UT Government balance between the demands and Departments throughout the country. The Focal resources available, thus keeping the Point of ENVIS is located in the Ministry and environmental quality at a satisfactory level. coordinates the activities of all the ENVIS In this regard, environmental information network partners to make ENVIS a web- plays a very vital role not only in formulation enabled comprehensive information system. of environmental management policies but The list of ENVIS network partners is given also for decision-making process. at Annexure-X. Realising the need of such information Objectives the Ministry set up an Environmental Information System (ENVIS) in 1983 as a There are two objectives of plan programme and as a comprehensive Environmental Information System (ENVIS). network in environmental information One is “Long term” and the other is “Short- term” objectives. collection, collation, storage, retrieval and dissemination to varying users, which include Long Term Objectives decision-makers, researchers, academicians, – To build up a repository and dissemination policy planners, research scientists, etc. ENVIS centre in Environmental Science and was conceived as a distributed information Engineering; network with the subject-specific centres to carryout the mandates and to provide the – To gear up the modern technologies of relevant and timely information to all information acquisition, processing, concerned. Association of the various State storage, retrieval and dissemination of Governments/UTs was also felt necessary in environmental nature; promoting the ENVIS network to cover a wide – To support and promote research, range of disciplines of subjects and the development and innovation in cooperation of the various State/UT environmental information technology. Governments. Keeping this in view, the Short Term Objectives network was expanded gradually with the involvement of thematic subject-areas and – To provide national environmental State Government departments to make it a information service relevant to present

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needs and capable of meeting the future Workshops. The workshops are held to needs of the users, originators, processors evaluate the activities of the Centres to and disseminators of information. meet the objectives of ENVIS and necessary guidelines as well as mid-term – To build up storage, retrieval and corrections are provided to the Centres. dissemination capabilities, with the ultimate objective of disseminating information – A two-day National Seminar on the Coastal speedily to the users. Ecosystems and Evaluation Workshop of South Indian State ENVIS Centres was held – To promote national and international by the ENVIS Centre at the Kerala State cooperation and liaison for exchange of Council for Science Technology and environment related information. Environment (KSCSTE) during 2nd–3rd April, – To promote, support and assist education 2009 at , Kerala. The participating and personnel training programmes States presented the activities of their designed to enhance environmental respective Centres before the Expert information processing and utilizing Committee and suggestions/guidelines capabilities. were advised for further improvement. – To promote and exchange of information – ENVIS Focal Point in the Ministry is amongst developing countries. responsible for maintenance and updation Progress of Activities carried out by ENVIS of the website of the Ministry (URL: http:/ 11 Network /moef.gov.in) and disseminating information through the website to all The ENVIS network continued its concerned. Information in the Ministry’s information-related activities, database website was continuously updated by development, publication of requisite ENVIS focal point throughout the year. The information packages through newsletters, website (Fig.-45) has also been linked with abstracting services, etc. and also the query- the various Divisions of the Ministry in order response services during the year. Details of to have up-to-date information on the subject these activities are as follows: concerned. Besides, the website is also – All the ENVIS Centres, both on the subject regularly providing information on the new specific areas and status of environment updates of the Ministry, response to media and related issues established under the reports and other important issues of the ENVIS Scheme, continued their Ministry from time to time with the objective information activities in their concerned of disseminating such information to all specific areas. The activities of the ENVIS concerned. Information has also been Network Partners are monitored and arranged in various heads which include evaluated by various ‘Expert Evaluation current events, clearances, legislation, Committees’ through Evaluation Parliament matters, Treaties/Conventions,

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Fig-45. Ministry’s website (http://moef.gov.in)

Publications, etc. The website recorded a as a catalyst for inter-centre interaction and huge number of hits per month reflecting for information on several broad categories the usage of website by various national of subject related to environment under and international users. Ministry’s website which the centres have been established. has been revamped with better look, content The websites of all the ENVIS network and design adopting latest technologies partners could be directly accessed from and keeping in view guidelines for the homepage of the portal giving development and management of information on major events, activities and government website to make it more current updates of the entire network transparent and user friendly. – Query-Answer Service is one of the major – A portal of ENVIS at URL: http:// responsibilities of ENVIS Network. The www.envis.nic.in (Fig-46) connecting all the ENVIS focal point and all its partners ENVIS network partners are updated responded a large number of queries during regularly by the focal point. The portal acts the year and provided substantive

246 Annual Report 2009-2010 information as far as possible. Wherever, – MOU for setting up new ENVIS Centres in information is not readily available, the Haryana and Lakshdeep has been received network provided ‘Referral Service’ to the and actions are taken with the respective concerned users. The major subject-areas States/Union Territory Governments for on which the queries were responded to signing on the Agreement and Terms of pertain to climate change, ozone layer, Contract for setting up ENVIS Centres. MoU environmental conservation, from the Arunachal Pradesh and environmental standards, environmental Meghalaya has been requested from education and awareness, water and air respective State Governments for pollution, waste management and establishment of an ENVIS Centre in their environmental laws etc. states.

11

Fig-46. ENVIS website (http://envis.nic.in)

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– The ENVIS Centre located at World Wide archieved Annual Reports are also Fund for Nature – India published the available on the website of the Ministry. ‘Environment in Indian Parliament and – During the year, the ISBEID programme of Analysis – 2007’ which was released by ENVIS was reviewed by the experts Hon’ble MoS (I/C) for Environment & considering the inputs from the Forests on the occasion World Environment implementing States and NIC. Based on Day, 2009. the review, actions have been initiated for – The Virtual Public Network (VPN) is being extending the ISBEID programme for other strengthened to assist the ENVIS network remaining States/UTs with modified partners to upload the updated information modules. at source. ENVIS focal point in the Ministry – The ENVIS has been representing the is monitoring the ENVIS Centres websites Ministry in various Committees of the on regular basis apart from their overall Government, especially those constituted activities. by Ministry of Programme Implementation – ENVIRONEWS, a quarterly newsletter, and Statistics. It also provided necessary published by the focal point with the information for publication of Compendium objectives of disseminating information on of Environmental Statistics, report on important policies, programmes, Women and Men in India – 2008’, legislations and other important decisions Statistical Abstracts, etc., periodically. taken by the Ministry from time to time to a wide cross-section of the society continued State of Environment Reporting to be publisehd. The abstracting journal Scheme ‘Paryavaran Abstracts – reporting – During the year, Ministry published the information on environmental research in ‘State of Environment Report India, 2009’ Indian context’ continued to be published. in collaboration with Development – ENVIS focal point coordinated and Alternatives, New Delhi. The SoER India, published the Annual Report 2008-09 of 2009 provides information in the forms of the Ministry and got it distributed to various map, charts, data tables, photographs on Central and State Government various facets of green, blue and brown Departments, professional institutions, environmental issues and analyses following universities, research organizations, on the Pressure – State – Impact – Response embassies/High Commissions of various (PSIR) analytical frame work. It outlines the countries in India, etc. and the concerned state and trend of the environment (land, general public in order to disseminate the air, water, biodiversity) and five key information package containing the environmental issues identified for India as activities of the Ministry during 2008-09. (i) Climate Change, (ii) Food Security, (iii) The electronic version of current and Water Security, (iv) Energy Security and (v)

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Managing Urbanization. The report was in an easy to use format so that it can be released by Shri Jairam Ramesh, Minister shared easily and quickly amongst the stake of State for Environment and Forests (I/C), holders. The Interactive Atlas is being on 11th August, 2009 in New Delhi. updated on a quarterly basis on the website. – During the 10th Plan period, Ministry Statistical Cell launched a scheme for preparation of The role of Statistical Cell in the Ministry State of Environment Report with the inter alia includes assistance to different Divisions objective of highlighting the upstream and of the Ministry in providing Statistical inputs downstream linkages with environmental and also to liaison with other Central Ministries/ issues besides creating a baseline Organizations/ other agencies national and document in the form of SoE Report in international in the matter of environment and which each State/UTs has to prepare the forestry statistics. During the year the Cell state of environment in their respective provided inputs for various publications of states. Under the scheme 100% central Central Statistical Organizaions on environment assistance was provided to the States/ and forests. Statistical Adviser attended (i) 17th UTs to prepare their SoER. The scheme Conference of Central and States Statistical was extended to the 11th Five Year Plan Organisations (COCSSO); ii) Expert Committee and the Ministry continued the job for for Development of Database on Climate preparation of the State of Environment Change; iii) Committee on issues in the 11 Report for those States/UTs left out in the Estimation of GDP of Forestry Sector. Besides, previous Plan. The preparation of SoE some core statistics pertaining to the Ministry Report for the states of Arunachal was identified and material sent to MoS & PI Pradesh, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, as recommended by National Statistical Tripura, Andhra Pradesh and the city of Commission. Hyderabad are in progress. Initiatives have been taken for preparation of SoE Information and Facilitation Centre Report for the metro cities of Chennai (IFC) and Delhi along with the state of Jammu The Information & Facilitation Counter and Kashmir. at Paryavaran Bhavan has been functioning – The Ministry had developed an “Interactive for over three years with the assistance of State of Environment Atlas” in collaboration Centre for Environment Education, a Centre with Development Alternatives, New Delhi. of Excellence supported under this Ministry. The Atlas provides information on all The IFC is equipped with a helpdesk, aspects of green (forests), blue (water) and touchscreen computer and open display area brown (pollution) environmental issues in to guide the visitors. The priced publications the forms of maps, data, tables, of the Ministry are available from the IFC photographs and bibliographic materials against payment.

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– IFC continued to disseminate the Ministry’s to handle various matters relating to NGO’s publications such as Annual Reports, working in diverse field of environment. Brochures, Journals, Newsletters, Research The basic functions of the Cell are: Guidelines, Awards Guidelines, Funding – Collection and dissemination of Schemes etc. It is also providing guidance information to various NGOs. regarding application procedure for various schemes of the Ministry along with the – Liaison with the Planning Commission and information about the status of various other Government Ministries to create a applications submitted to the Ministry. database of various NGOs working in the field of environment and its associated – IFC also helps in receiving the RTI areas. applications from applicants under the “in- – Attending Parliament Questions pertaining person” option. to NGO activities in the Ministry. NGO Cell – Attending to RTI matters pertaining to – A Non-Governmental Organisation Cell information on NGO schemes in the (NGO Cell) has been set up in the Ministry Ministry.

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CHAPTER – 12 LEGISLATION AND INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

251 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Introduction National Environment Protection Authority The Policy and Law Division of the Ministry is partly implementing the schemes The Ministry has initiated a proposal ‘Assistance for Abatement of Pollution, to establish a National Environment Protection Environment Policy and Law’ and ‘Establisment Authority (NEPA) to strengthen the regulatory of Environment Commission and Tribunal’ and framework and to improve the environmental providing legislative and institutional support governance in the country. A concept note to other thematic divisions whenever need for on NEPA was uploaded in the Ministry’s any amendment to existing legislation/ website and large numbers of suggestions notification or enactment of new legislation have been received from various stakeholders. arises. In addition, the division is specifically As part of the consultation process, a meeting looking after the implementation of the was conducted on 26th November, 2009 in National Environment Policy 2006, National New Delhi in which representatives of State Green Tribunal Bill 2009, recommendations Governments, State Pollution Control Boards/ of the Law Commission in its 186th report and Pollution Control Committees, Central Pollution the Ecomark Scheme. Control Board and line Ministries participated. The National Green Tribunal Bill, 2009 A study has been awarded to IIT, Delhi to workout the scope and architecture of the The National Green Tribunal (NGT) NEPA in detail. Bill, 2009 was introduced in the Lok Sabha National Environment Policy, 2006 on 31st July, 2009. The Bill provides for the establishment of a National Environment The National Environment Policy (NEP) Tribunal for the effective and expeditious 2006 is the first comprehensive policy disposal of cases relating to environmental document formulated at national level for protection and conservation of forests and realizing the overarching goal of sustainable other natural resources including enforcement development in the country. It does not of any legal right relating to environment and displace but builds on earlier policies. It is giving relief and compensation for damages the outcome of extensive consultations with to persons and property. experts, governments, industry associations, academic and research institutions, civil The Bill was referred to the Department society, NGOs and the public. The NEP related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and outlines the significance of a number of new and continuing initiatives for enhancing Forests for examination and report. The environmental conservation which requires Committee submitted its Report to the Rajya Sabha Secretariat on 24th November, 2009. coordinated action of diverse actors and stakeholders at all levels. The Cabinet in its meeting held on 3rd December, 2009 has approved the proposal – National Environment Policy has been regarding official amendments to NGT Bill widely circulated and is available on 2009. Presently, the Bill is pending in the Lok Ministry’s website www.moef.gov.in. The Sabha for consideration and passing. Division is cordinating the implementation

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of the Action Plans of various divisions of There was support for asking Senior Officials Ministry of Environment and Forests. The to continue to work to map the road towards concerned Central Ministries have been that point. Gaps however remained on asked to formulate Action Plans for effective substance and there was wide implementation of the NEP. acknowledgment of the need for leadership Trade and Environment and engagement on the remaining specific issues over the coming weeks. Introduction and objectives Trade & Environment Cell of the Ministry With privatisation, liberalisation and undertakes following items of work: globalisation of the Indian Economy, environment and forest sectors are also – Provide technical inputs to the preparatory undergoing signs of change. Further with the process in the area of trade & environment, looming dangers of global warming and in particular, items under negotiations in climate change, environment has emerged the WTO and other multilateral, bilateral as a matter of great concern both at the and regional fora. national as well as international level. – Act as the nodal section within the Ministry Environment and forests sectors are to deal with references received from the increasingly figuring as areas of interests in Ministry of Commerce and Industry; and the bilateral, plurilateral and multilateral Free – Implementation of the ongoing consultancy Trade Agreements. India being a founder project on Trade & Environment. member of the World Trade Organisation 12 (WTO) is governed by its basic binding Activities undertaken during the year principles and has been actively participating During the year, the Trade & in such trade negotiations. The Doha Round Environment Cell examined and furnished of Trade Negotiations launched in November, inputs from the Ministry of Environment and 2001 has introduced negotiations in Forests (MoEF) to the Department of environmental goods & services. As a result, Commerce with regard to the negotiations both the environmental goods and under the aegis of the World Trade environmental services have emerged as Organisation (WTO), both in the area of areas of significance for India. Further the Environmental Goods and Services. The most Para 31(iii) of the Doha Ministerial Declaration important aspect of these negotiations being (DMD) enjoins upon the WTO members to the list of one hundred fifty three environmental reduce or eliminate tariffs on environmental goods proposed by the demandeurs in the goods and services. WTO for being adopted as the list for At the 7th Ministerial Conference of engaging in tariff reduction negotiations. the WTO held in Geneva on 30th November Besides this list, a list of forty three climate to 2nd December, 2009, the Ministers friendly technologies/goods, proposed by the reaffirmed the need to conclude the Doha major proponents, is also under consideration Round in 2010 and for a stock-taking exercise in the WTO. However, the basic issues of to take place in the first quarter of next year. modality and definition of environmental goods

253 Ministry of Environment & Forests remains unresolved. The Ministry of Seminars on WTO negotiations organised Environment & Forests, along with the by the Centre for WTO Studies under the Department of Commerce and the Centre for Department of Commerce. Further, under the WTO Studies also participated in awareness ongoing Project on Trade & Environment, raising consultations on Sanitary and Phyto- being implemented with the Madras School Sanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to of Economics, detailed papers on the Trade in four cities. During the year, the various aspects of the issue are under Ministry also participated in the Stakeholders’ preparation.

254 Annual Report 2009-2010 CHAPTER – 13 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

13

255 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Introduction Progress/Achievements during the year

The Ministry of Environment and Forests Commission on Sustainable is the nodal Ministry in the Government of Development (CSD) India for all Bilateral and Multilateral – The United Nations Conference on Environmental Agreements. These include Environment and Development (UNCED), Vienna Convention for the Protection of the was held in Brazil in 1992, adopted the Ozone Layer, Montreal Protocol on Substances Agenda 21, which is a blue print for a that deplete the Ozone Layer, UN Conventions global plan of action for achieving on Biological Diversity, UN Framework sustainable development. The Commission Convention on Climate Change, UN on Sustainable Development (CSD) was set Convention to Combat Desertification, Kyoto up in 1993 under United Nations Economic Protocol, the Basel Convention on Trans- & Social Council (UN ECOSOC) for the boundary Movement of Hazardous purpose of review of progress of Substances, Stockholm Convention on implementation of the Agenda 21. Ministry Persistent Organic Pollutants, Rotterdam of External Affairs is the nodal Ministry for Convention, Ramsar Convention etc. the CSD matters. However this Ministry plays the role for providing technical support and International Co-operation & for implementation of the Agenda 21. Sustainable Development Division is the nodal – The 17th Session (being the Policy Session) point within the Ministry to coordinate all of the Commission on Sustainable international environmental cooperation and Development (CSD), was held from 4-15 sustainable development issues. It is the nodal May, 2009 in New York, which considered Division for United Nations Environment the thematic areas of agriculture, rural Programme (UNEP), United Nations development, land, drought, desertification Development Programme (UNDP), World and Africa. A delegation from India Bank, UNIDO, UN Commission for Sustainable comprising the representatives from this Development (CSD), Global Environment Ministry and other line Ministries had Facility (GEF) and regional bodies like attended the above Session under the Economic & Social Commission for Asia & leadership of the Minister of State in the Pacific (ESCAP), South Asian Association Ministry of Environment and Forests. for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), South Asia Cooperative Environment Programme – India had already submitted a National (SACEP), ADB and European Union (EU), Report ‘Sustaining Rural Lives and th India Brazil South Africa (IBSA) Summit on Livelihoods’ to the Commission in its 16 Environment, India-Canada Environment Session. Forum etc. The Division also handles bilateral – In order to strengthen the India’s preparation country to country co-operation in the areas towards the 17th Session of the Commission of environment protection and sustainable on Sustainable Development, a National development. Consultation was organized on 7th April,

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2009 at Ahmedabad, Gujarat inviting the the UN System to assist the developing NGOs and Academic Institutions. countries in building scientific and technical –The 17th Session, being a Policy Session, capacity, fostering partnership and knowledge development to promote India has further brought out a handbook environment for sustainable development. titled “Sustainable Development: The Indian Based in Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP activities Experience” showing the best practices are range from assessment of environmental prevalent in India relevant to the thematic areas of agriculture, rural development, trends, especially early warning systems to dealing with the environmental disasters and land, drought and desertification. The emergencies to the promotion of proceedings of the 17th CSD are available environmental science and information. at http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/csd/ csd_csd17.shtml . – One of the main responsibilities of the UNEP is to keep under review the world – The CSD will organize its 18th Session as environmental situation and ensure that Review Session in New York, USA from 3- emerging environmental problems of wide 14 May, 2010. This session will focus on the different thematic issues such as (i) international significance are prioritized and Transport (ii) Chemicals (iii) Waste receive appropriate and adequate consideration by the Governments. Management (Hazardous and Solid waste) (iv) Mining and (v) A 10 year Framework – The Governing Council/Global Ministerial of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption Environment Forum of UNEP is the high level 13 and Production environment policy forum which brings the world’s environment ministers together to – The CSD is organizing the Regional “review important and emerging policy Implementation Meetings (RIMs) region-wise in order to contribute to the work of CSD issues in the field of the environment”. The 18 and to identify region-specific obstacles Council/Forum meets annually, and constraints, new challenges and – The UNEP Council/Forum is organizing its opportunities, and sharing of lessons learned 11th Special Session at Bali, Indonesia from and best practices concerning to the 24-26 February, 2010. The theme of the thematic issues of CSD 18. The Regional meeting is ‘Environment in the multilateral Implementation Meeting for Asia and the system’ under which various issues of Pacific was held in Bangkok, Thailand from international environment governance, green 30 November, 2009 to 1st December, 2009 economy, biodiversity and ecosystem which was participated by the representative services, international law etc. will be of this Ministry, discussed. United Nations Environment Global Environment Facility (GEF) Programme (UNEP) – The Global Environment Facility (GEF) – The United Nations Environment Programme established in 1991, as an independent (UNEP) established in 1972 after the Rio financial mechanism provides grants to Earth Summit is the principle entity within developing countries and economies in

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transition for projects that benefit the global responsible for GEF governance and policy environment and promote sustainable related issues. livelihoods. India is a founder member of – The GEF Empowered Committee chaired GEF. We are both a donor and recipient by the Secretary (E&F) functions as an of GEF funds. India represents GEF South empowered body to determine national Asia Constituency (including Bangladesh, priorities, streamline eligibility checks, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka) in approvals and endorsements of GEF GEF Council. proposals, monitor project implementation, – GEF projects address six focal areas – and in formulating country’s stand for the biodiversity, climate change, land meetings of GEF Assembly and Council. degradation, international waters, ozone The Committee meets on a quarterly basis. layer depletion and persistent organic The GEF Cell in the Ministry assists in pollutants. They also address two coordinating GEF activities in the country. crosscutting issues viz., sustainable forest The projects/ concept notes can be management and sound chemical submitted to the GEF Cell on a rolling basis. management. The GEF is a project co- financer providing “new and additional” Small Grant Programme (SGP) funds to address the global environmental – Launched in 1992, GEF Small Grants issues. GEF projects are implemented Program (SGP) complements GEF full- and through its 10 agencies including UNDP, medium-sized project funding, by providing WB, UNEP, UNIDO, FAO, IFAD, ADB, a window for the direct participation of AfDB, EBRD and IDB. NGOs, local communities, and other – Over the past 18 years, the GEF has grassroots organizations. SGP is a country invested USD 8.6 billion directly as grant wide, focus on the tribal, remote, and leveraged USD 36.1 billion in co- inaccessible areas and with Indigenous tribal financing for more than 2,400 projects in people. SGP India has funded more than more than 165 countries. Since 1991, India 300 projects worth USD 5.2 million of grant has contributed about USD 42 million to and co-finance leveraged is USD 6.2 million GEF, accessed about USD 331 million as from communities and other stakeholders GEF grant while leveraging a co-financing like Govt., local administration & private of USD 1,989 million. sector – The Ministry of Environment and Forests – On behalf of this Ministry, the SGP in India (MoEF), GoI is the designated GEF is being hosted and coordinated by the Operational Focal Point India. It is primarily Centre for Environment Education. The responsible for the in-country coordination National Steering Committee chaired by the of GEF projects and other operational Joint Secretary, IC & SD Division, which activities as well as participating in the GEF approves the projects on a quarterly basis. Council meetings at Washington twice a The project proposals/ concept notes could year. The Department of Economic Affairs be submitted to the CEE’s regional cells on is the GEF Political Focal Point India a rolling basis.

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– SGP is a flagship program. To upscale and and Resources Institute (TERI) has been replicate successful SGP India initiatives at organizing Delhi Sustainable Development the grassroot level, the Ministry has provided Summit (DSDS) since 2001. a grant of Rs 1.7 crore (since 2005 – 06). – The 9th Delhi Sustainable Development South Asia Cooperative Environment Summit was organized by TERI from 5-7 Programme (SACEP) February, 2009. The theme of the summit was ‘Toward Copenhagen: An Equitable – SACEP was set up in 1982 with and Ethical Approach’. headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It aims to promote regional Co-operation in South – The 10th Delhi Sustainable Development Asia in the field of environment, both natural Summit will be organized by TERI from 5- and human, in the context of sustainable 7 February, 2010 which will focus on the development and on issues of economic and theme ‘Beyond Copenhagen: New social development which also impinge on Pathways to Sustainable Development’. the environment and vice versa. It supports South Asian Association for Regional conservation and management of natural Cooperation (SAARC) resources of the region by working closely with all national, regional, and international – The South Asian Association for Regional institutions, governmental and Cooperation (SAARC), which is an nongovernmental efforts, as well as experts intergovernmental body, was established in and groups engaged in such co-operation 1985 with the aim to provide a platform 13 and conservation. for the peoples of South Asia to work together in a spirit of friendship, trust and – Secretary, Ministry of Environment and understanding so that the process of Forests is the SACEP Focal Point for India. economic and social development in The SACEP holds its Governing Council Member States could be accelerated. The (GC) meetings, which concentrate on current SAARC has eight countries as its members, regional issues as well as global concerns. viz., Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, th The 11 Governing Council of SACEP was Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. held at Jaipur, India from 20-22 May, 2008. – So far, eight Environment Ministers The meeting deliberated upon Conferences have been held under SAARC, organizational, institutional and which also has a Committee on Environment, programmatic matters relating to Meteorology and Forest, for working out environmental cooperation in South Asia the detailed plan of action in these areas Region. and implementing the same. Strengthening Delhi Sustainable Development regional cooperation in environment is the Summit, 2009 focus of the SAARC meetings. – Sustainable Development being a thrust area – At the request of the SAARC Secretariat to of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, the Government of India to host the 8th this Ministry has been supporting The Energy Meeting of the SAARC Environment

259 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Ministers, this Ministry hosted the 8th Meeting H.E. Mr. Thakur Sharma, Minister for of the SAARC Environment Ministers on 20th Environment of Nepal, Mr. Kamran Lashari, October, 2009 preceded by the meeting Secretary, Ministry of Environment of of the Senior Officials of the SAARC Pakistan and Hon. Mr. Patali Champika Countries on 19th October, 2009, at New Ranawaka, MP, Minister of Environment and Delhi in collaboration with the Ministry of Natural Resources of Sri Lanka, made their External Affairs. respective country statements in the meetings. – Shri Jairam Ramesh, Minister of State – The outcome/salient features of the meetings (independent Charge), Environment and are as follow: th Forests had chaired the 8 Meeting of the (i) The Meeting noted that cooperation SAARC Environment Ministers and Shri Vijai in a number of areas pursuant to the Sharma, Secretary, Ministry of Environment directives issued by the Fourteenth and and Forests had chaired the meeting of Fifteenth SAARC Summits have been Senior Officials of SAARC Countries. Both identified in the draft “SAARC Treaty the meetings were attended by the on Cooperation in the field of Environment Ministers and Senior and Environment”. The Meeting resolved to Associated Officers of the SAARC countries pursue meaningful cooperation in the viz Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, identified areas after the draft Treaty Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, has been finalized by the Inter- officials from SAARC Secretariat, UNEP governmental Expert Group and Regional Office, SAARC Meteorological formally signed during the Sixteenth Research Centre, and SAARC SAARC Summit Disaster Management Centre, New Delhi. (ii) The Meeting agreed to present a Senior Officers from the Ministry of common position at the forthcoming Environment and Forests, Ministry of External COP 15 Conference in Copenhagen Affairs, Ministry of Home Affairs, Department in December 2009 and also decided of Science and Technology and Indian to consider organizing an appropriate Meteorological Department also attended SAARC side event on the sidelines of the meetings. . COP 15, the modalities of which will – H.R.H. Prince Mostapha Zaher, Director be decided in due course. The meeting General, National Environmental Protection directed the SAARC Secretariat to Agency of Afghanistan, H.E. Dr. Hasan circulate a draft common position Mahmud, State Minister, Ministry of based on the SAARC position Environment and Forests of Bangladesh, H.E. presented at the Bali Conference in Dasho Nado Rinchhen, Deputy Minister, 2007 and the relevant sections on National Environment Commission of Bhutan, Climate Change as contained in the Mr. Vijai Sharma, Secretary, Ministry of Delhi Statement on Cooperation in Environment and Forests of India, H.E. Mr. Environment to Member States. It was Mohamed Aslam, Minister of Housing, agreed that Sri Lanka as the current Transport and Environment of the Maldives, Chair of SAARC would present the

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common SAARC position at COP 15. Cooperation in Environment (“Delhi The offer by the Government of India Statement”). to discuss and finalize the logistical (viii) The meeting approved the arrangements for the SAARC side event recommendations of the Senior with the organizers in Copenhagen Officials Meeting and agreed that and the UNFCCC Secretariat was Member States that have yet to forward welcomed. copies of their National Plans of Action (iii) The meeting agreed to publish a to the Secretariat for the implementation compendium of SAARC National Plans of the Comprehensive Framework on of Action on Climate Change before Disaster Management and Disaster the forthcoming COP 15 Conference Prevention would do so at an early in Copenhagen in December 2009. date. The Meeting also appreciated Member States were requested to the offer of Bangladesh to host an submit copies of their respective Expert Group Meeting after all Member National Action Plans to the SAARC States have submitted their respective Secretariat soon. National Plans of Action. The dates (iv) The meeting noted the proposal by for the Expert Group Meeting will be Bangladesh for expanding the mandate communicated to the Member States of and strengthening the SAARC through the SAARC Secretariat. 13 Meteorological Research Center (ix) The Meeting endorsed the (SMRC), Dhaka, to deal with Climate recommendation by the Senior Change issues and also requested the Officials to utilize the expertise of Government of Bangladesh to submit SAARC Disaster Management Centre a Concept Paper by February 2010 (SDMC), New Delhi to harmonize the for the consideration of Member National Reports and articulate a States. Regional Plan of Action. (v) The meeting welcomed the proposal (x) The meeting also appreciated the draft by Bhutan to adopt Climate Change “SAARC Treaty on Cooperation in the as the theme for the Sixteenth SAARC field of Environment” prepared by the Summit and took note of the Concept Government of India, and endorsed Paper circulated by Bhutan. the recommendation to convene an (vi) The Meeting expressed its Inter-governmental Expert Group appreciation for the excellent work (IGEG) Meeting to discuss and finalize done by the Senior Officials and the draft Treaty, so as to enable its approved the recommendations formal adoption during the Sixteenth contained therein. SAARC Summit scheduled to take (vii) The Meeting approved and adopted place in Thimpu, Bhutan in the SAARC Ministerial Statement on April 2010.

261 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– This Ministry is organizing the following two cooperation, Waste Management, meetings of Senior Officers from the SAARC Climate Change etc. were discussed. countries in New Delhi from 18-19 January, (iv) The 6th Meeting of meeting EU-India 2010 respectively: Joint Working Group was held in (i) Inter-Governmental Expert Group (IGEG) Brussels, Belgium on 4th December, meeting on SAARC Treaty on 2009 in which deliberated on issues Cooperation in the field of Environment. of Ship Dismantling, Water Management, Environmental Impact (ii) Expert Group (EGM) meeting to Assessment and Electronic Waste. finalize the concept papers (v) The project proposals discussed in the Bilateral Cooperation above meetings are being implemented – Meeting of Joint Working Group on in consultation with Department of Environment have been held with Norway, Economic Affairs. Finland and European Union. (vi) Apart from the above following (i) 3rd Meeting of Indo-Norwegian Joint bilateral agreements have also been Working Group was held from June signed during the year 2009-10. 29-1st July, 2009 in Oslo. In this – An MoU between the Government of meeting exchange of views on Denmark and the Government of India for international conventions like cooperation in the field of environment has UNFCCC, UNCBD and UNEP was been signed on 11.09.2009. The areas to held. In addition issues pertaining to be covered for cooperation are Water and Eco-village, Eco-Business Partnership, Air Pollution Control, Waste Management, Incineration of hazardous waste were Harmful Chemical Management and Clean discussed. Technologies etc. (ii) IBSA Environment Working Group – An MoU between the Government of Sweden Meeting was held in Rio de Janeiro, and Government of the Republic of India Brazil during July 14-17, 2009 which for cooperation in the field of Environment was attended by Shri B.S. Parsheera, has been signed on 5th November, 2009. Special Secretary, MoEF and Shri The area to be covered are environmental Jagdish Kishwan, D.G., ICFRE, governance in the areas of environmental Dehradun. The matters discussed in legislation, regulation, monitoring, this meeting were Climate Change, enforcement and planning. Biodiversity and Forests. – Both the MoUs have opened up new areas (iii) The 5th Meeting of Joint Working of cooperation between the two countries Group on Environment with Finland by providing institutional platform for was held in New Delhi on effective coordination of common 01.09.2009. In this meeting perspectives in international fora and also Mythologies to control Air Pollution, for joint efforts for achievements of common Business perspective to environmental goals in the field of environment.

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World Bank The funds are utilized for promoting – IC&SD Division is nodal division for the afforestation, regeneration of degraded forest overall World Bank portfolio in areas, water and measures, environmental projects. It coordinates the farm forestry, agro forestry with the aim to initial tying up of activities including crucial increase forest and tree cover as well as to negotiations before the projects are actually augment availability of fuel wood and fodder, started by the concerned thematic divisions. improve the livelihood opportunities and quality of life of the villagers adjoining forests, – Ms. Katherine Sierra, Vice President for strengthening joint forest management Sustainable Development Network, World institutions to ensure people’s participation, Bank along with her team met with Secretary besides encouraging tree growing on private (Environment & Forests) on 4th February, land as well as greening of the urban areas 2009 to discuss the role of World Bank in in accordance to the objectives envisaged in supporting climate change and sustainable various projects under implementation. These development in India and globally. projects are reimbursed their actual 3rd India Roundtable on Sustainable expenditure as per the loan agreements. Consumption and Production (SCP) At present, ten State Sector Forestry – The unsustainable production and Projects with an investment of about Rs. 5,287 consumption pattern constitutes a great Crores are being implemented in ten States environmental problem towards sustainable and another project under Central Sector titled 13 development as recognized in the World “Capacity Building for Frontline Staff in Forestry Summit on Sustainable Development held Sector” with an outlay of Rs. 225 crores is in Johannesburg, South Africa during 2002. being implemented in 10 States. Details of – Ministry of Environment & Forests alongwith projects under implementation, their objectives, the United Nations Environment Programme components, project cost, project period, etc. (UNEP) is organizing the 3rd India are given in Table-29. Roundtable on SCP in New Delhi in The following forestry projects have February, 2010. been included for consideration under the Externally Aided Projects (EAPs) Rolling Plan for 2009-11 for external funding: The Externally-Aided Projects Division Under consideration by JICA: deals with the appraisal, approvals and – Integrated Project for Sustainable monitoring of forestry-related projects which Development of Forest Resource in Sikkim. are funded by external agencies. These projects are implemented in the States with assistance – Tamil Nadu Natural Resource Management from external funding agencies viz. Japan Project International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Under consideration by AFD (French World Bank (WB), etc. At present, nine Development Agency): projects are assisted by JICA and one by the World Bank. – Assam Forestry Development Project

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Table-29. Details of ongoing projects under financial assistance from various funding agencies

S. Name of the Implementing Cost Funding Objectives components Project No Project Agency/ State (in Rs. Agency Period Crores) 1. Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh 575 JICA To restore degraded i. Plantations, regeneration of 2008-09 Participatory forests, to augment forest forests, etc. To Forest resources and to improve ii. Institutional Strengthening of 2015-16 Management livelihood for and PMU/DMUs/FMUs and Poverty empower the local people iii. Rehabilitation of Forest Alleviation who are depend on forests Training Institute at Lucknow. Project by promoting sustainable iv. Communication and forests management Publication. including JFM plantation v. Monitoring and Evaluation. and community vi. Physical Contingency development, thereby vii. Consulting Services improving environment and alleviating poverty. 2. Gujarat Gujarat 830 JICA Ecological conservation i. Preparatory works 2007-08 Forestry and restoration; ii. Departmental Forest To Development Conservation flora, fauna Development and 2015-16 Project – Phase and natural heritage.; Management II Increase tree cover in and iii. JFM Forest Development and outside the forests; Management Enhancing people’s iv. Social Forestry Development participation; Socio- and Management economic empowerment of v. Forest Research local people; Increase vi. Communication and productivity of augment Publication supplies; Research and vii. Wildlife Conservation and development; Management Organizational capacity viii. Monitoring and Evaluation building. ix. Phase-out works x. Consulting Services (including price and physical cont.) 3. Tripura Forest Tripura 366 JICA To restore degraded forests i. Rehabilitation of degraded 2007-08 Environmental and improve the land. To and Poverty livelihoods aspects of ii. Rehabilitation of degraded 2014-15 Alleviation villagers, including tribal and available non forest Project families engaged in land. traditional shifting iii. Farm forestry in Private cultivation, and promoting holding. sustainable forest iv. Eco-Development. management through JFM, v. Service Support. thereby improving vi. Rehabilitation of families environment and engaged in shifting alleviating poverty. cultivation. vii. Interface forestry Development. viii. Supporting Works

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4. Swan River Himachal 162 JICA To regenerate the forests, i. Afforestation 2006-07 Integrated Pradesh protect the agricultural ii. Civil Work for Soil & River To Watershed land, and enhance Management 2013-14 Management agricultural and forestry iii. Soil Protection & Land Project production in the Reclamation catchment area of the iv. Livelihood Improvement Swan River, Himachal v. Institutional Development Pradesh State, by carrying out the integrated watershed management activities including afforestation, civil works for soil and river management, soil protection and land reclamation, and livelihood improvement activities, thereby improving living conditions of people including the poor in the catchment area. 5. Orissa Forestry Orissa 660 JICA To restore degraded forests i. Protection and Conservation 2006-07 Sector and improve the income of Biodiversity of forests To Development level of villagers by ii. Improving productivity of 2012-13 Project promoting sustainable natural forests. forest management iii. Providing livelihood options including JFM plantation for the people (Support to and Community/tribal VSS) development, thereby iv. Eco-development and improving environment and ecotourism activities alleviating poverty. v. Catering to commercial and industrial demands vi. Capacity building of the Forest Department. 13 6. Karnataka Karnataka 745 JICA To restore forest to bring i. Afforestation 2005-06 Sustainable about ecological ii. Income Generation Activities to Forests restoration and also to for Poverty Alleviation 2012-13 Management facilitate livelihood iii. Biodiversity Conservation & Bio-diversity improvement of the iv. Provision of Basic Conservation inhabitants of the project Infrastructure Support for villages by afforestation Field work. through Joint Forest v. Supporting Activities for Planning and Management Forest management (JFPM) in the State of (Research and Training, Karnataka, which further Consultancy, and contributes to reducing Enhancement of Geographic poverty and preserving Information System (GIS) biodiversity conservation of and Management the area? Information System (MIS) 7. Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 567 JICA To restore forests to bring i. Integrated Watershed 2005-06 Afforestation about ecological Development to project phase-II restoration and also to ii. Integrated Tribal 2012-13 facilitate livelihood Development improvement of the iii. Forestry Extension inhabitants of the project iv. Urban Forestry villages by afforestation v. Capacity Building through Joint Forest vi. Research Support Management in the State vii. Human Resources of Tamil Nadu, which Development further contributes to viii. Establishment of Modern reducing poverty in the Nurseries area. ix. Improving the infrastructural facilities x. Administration xi. Monitoring and Evaluation

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8. Integrated Haryana 286.01 JICA A. To rehabilitate forest i. Soil and Water 2004-05 Natural lands in an ecologically Conservation to Resources sustainable manner. ii. Plantation model and 2010-11 Management B. To improve the quality nursery development and Poverty of life of the villagers and iii. Poverty reduction and Reduction adjoining forests. institution building Project in iv. Technical assistance Haryana v. Supporting activities vi. Administration Staff. 9. Rajasthan Rajasthan 442 JICA To carry out plantation i. Plantation 2003-04 Forestry and works, soil and moisture ii. Joint Forest Management to Biodiversity conservation works to Consolidation Activities 2007-08 Project check the desertification iii. Biodiversity Conservation (extended and improve the iv. Equipment and Monitoring upto 31st ecological status of the Facilities etc. July, Aravalis; to protect the v. Research, Extension and 2010) infrastructures like canals, Training Activities roads; to improve biodiversity; to augment the availability of forest products like fuel wood, fodder; to generate employment opportunities; and to improve the socio- economic conditions of the rural poor through active participation by local communities. 10 Andhra Andhra Pradesh 653.97 World Promote sustainable natural i. Livelihood Promotion 2002-03 Pradesh Bank resource management with ii. Forest Management to Community focus on policy and iii. Institutional Strengthening Sept. Forests institutional reforms to iv. Project Management 2009 Management sustain and improve the Support, etc. (extended Project livelihoods of the rural upto 31-3- poor. 2010) 11. Capacity DFE, Dehradun 225 JICA To improve training i. To improve training 2008-09 Development and 10 States environment for frontline environment for frontline staff to 2013- for Forest (Assam, Bihar, staff through the through the rehabilitation of 14 Management Chhattisgarh, rehabilitation of States States (5 years and Training Jharkhand, Forests Training Institutes ii. Forests Training Institutes and 3 of Personnel Kerala, Madhya and through capacity and through capacity months) Pradesh, building of frontline forestry building of frontline forestry Maharashtra, staff putting emphasis on staff putting emphasis on Sikkim, Joint Forests Management Joint Forests Management Uttarakhand and (JFM), thereby (JFM), thereby strengthening West Bengal) strengthening human human resource resource development for iii. Development for sustainable sustainable forest forest management. management. Total 5512

The following forestry projects are under – Rajasthan Forestry and Bio-diversity Project consideration for inclusion in Rolling Plan for Phase-II 2010-12: – Maharashtra Natural Resources – West Bengal Forestry Project Management Project

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– Integrated Forest Resources Management in 2012, their GHG emissions by an order of Jammu & Kashmir 5.2% below their aggregate 1990 emissions. EAP Division also acts as a nodal point It makes provisions for use of any of the three being the North-East Cell in respect of North mechanisms including the Clean Development Eastern States for forestry related matters and Mechanism (CDM) to help developed countries following activities: meet their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments domestically and – Forest based industrial estates, through acquisition of greenhouse gas – Transportation of forest produce, reduction credits from activities outside their – Court cases in apex court, etc. own boundaries at relatively lesser costs. India is a major participant in the projects aimed Climate Change at using Clean Development Mechanism. Introduction The Fourth Assessment Report of Climate Change is a serious global Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change environmental concern, which is primarily 2007 has brought climate change issue to the caused by the building up of Greenhouse fore and has led the parties to make serious Gases in the atmosphere. Recent discourse on efforts to address the problem through long climate change has underscored the fact that term cooperative actions as agreed under the climate change occupies a high priority on Bali Action Plan. The IPCC has made serious the environmental agenda of international projections of the future scenario in terms of community. global warming and predicted that there may 13 be adverse impact of climate change on India, as a party to the United Nations agriculture, water resources, eco-systems, sea Framework Convention on Climate Change, levels, human health and result in rise in extreme 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol, 1997 has been weather events. committed to address the global problem on the basis of the principle of “common but Impact of Climate Change on India differentiated responsibilities and respective India has always been subject to a capabilities” of the member Parties. The large degree of climate variability. This is likely objective of UNFCCC is to stabilize the to be accentuated by climate change. concentration of greenhouse gases in the According to IPCC, the global temperature atmosphere at a level that prevents dangerous may rise by 2-4.5oC by the end of this century, anthropogenic interference with the climate including a 2.7-4.3oC increase over India by system. The Kyoto Protocol adopted in 1997 the 2080s if adequate actions are not taken by the parties to UNFCCC sets legally binding to reduce emissions globally. At the national targets for GHG reductions by industrialized level, the observed increase in surface air countries during the “first commitment period”, temperatures over the past century is 0.4o C. 2008-2012. A warming trend along the west coast, in The Kyoto Protocol expects the central India, the interior peninsula, and north- developed country Parties to reduce, by eastern India and cooling trends in north-west

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India and parts of south India have been India is one of the few developing observed. Coasts are projected to be exposed countries in the world where the forest cover to increase in risk including coastal erosion is increasing, despite the pressure of population due to climate change and sea level rise. growth and rapid economic development. As Geological Survey of India projects that the a result of the policies, deforestation has almost glaciers of Himalaya are receding at varying completely stopped, and afforestation is rates in different regions. adding forest cover to about 0.25% of India’s land area every year. More than a fifth of India is conscious of these challenges India’s land area is under forest cover and and has implemented several major programmes addressing the climate variability this serves as a major carbon sink, with almost 11% of India’s annual emissions being concerns. These include cyclone warning and absorbed by the forests. The cover is increasing protection, coastal protection, floods and drought control and relief, major and minor every year @ almost 0.8 mn hectares every year (proposed to be raised to 2.3 mn hectares irrigation projects, control of malaria, food p.a. through the new afforestation initiatives). security measures, research on drought resistant crops, etc. India spends almost 2.5% of its Amongst 70 countries studied by the GDP on such programmes. World Bank recently, India ranked 48th in 2004 in terms of CO emissions per unit of India’s emissions and climate change 2 GDP. India’s emissions per capita ranked 63rd, With 17 per cent of the world’s i.e., among the lowest in the world. Moreover, population, India contributes only 4 per cent India’s offsetting factor was found to be in line of the total global greenhouse gas emissions. with global economy. According to the study, In terms of per capita GHG emissions, it is during the period 1994-2004, India offset about 23 per cent of the global average. Its 30% of the growth in emissions attributable per capita consumption of energy is 530 kgoe to increased GDP and population, through of primary energy compared to the world improvements in energy intensity, fossil fuel average of 1770 kgoe and its per capita mix, and fossil fuel share in total energy emission of CO2 is among the lowest in the consumption where as some other large world. India’s CO2 emissions are countries saw a poorer offsetting performance approximately 1 tonne per annum as against in the sub-period 1999-2004. a world average of 4.2 tonnes per annum, National Action Plan on Climate while the average for industrialized countries Change ranges between 10-20 tonnes per capita. This is significant in the background of declining As a part of voluntary actions to address energy intensity of GDP of India; this is a climate change related concerns, India result of policies, regulations and programmes launched its National Action Plan on Climate set up over the years to address energy Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008. The efficiency and energy security concerns. This National Action Plan stresses that maintaining has had a positive effect on India’s a high growth rate is essential for increasing development process. living standards of the vast majority of people

268 Annual Report 2009-2010 of India and reducing their vulnerability of the Governments held on 18 August 2009, impacts of climate change. The Action Plan addressed by the Prime Minister, the State outlines a national strategy that aims at Governments have been called upon to enabling the country adapt to climate change prepare State Level Action Plans on Climate and enhances the ecological sustainability of Change (SLAPCC) consistent with the strategy India’s development path. outlined in the NAPCC. Accordingly, action Eight National Missions (National Solar has been initiated for preparation of SLAPCC consistent with the NAPCC in a time-bound Mission, National Mission on Enhanced manner. The SLAPCC will enable communities Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Water Mission, and ecosystems to adapt to climate change effectively. National Mission for sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for a Green India, Ministry has launched coordinated National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture efforts, in collaboration with several and National Mission on Strategic Knowledge international agencies to support the State for Climate Change) form the core of the Governments in this initiative. Three specific National Action Plan on Climate Change. projects proposed by GTZ, DFID and UNDP Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change have already been endorsed by the Ministry. has approved the Jawaharlal Nehru National The goal of the projects is to contribute to Solar Mission that envisages generation of improving the livelihoods and adaptive 20000 mw of solar power by 2020. This capacities of vulnerable communities in Mission was launched by the Prime Minister identified States. In the first phase, Madhya 13 in New Delhi on 11 January 2010. The Pradesh, Rajasthan, West Bengal and Tamil National Mission for Enhanced Energy Nadu are proposed to be covered. Efficiency, coordinated by the Ministry of Clean Development Mechanism Power, has also been approved. Required legislative and administrative measures are India has participated effectively in the being put in place so as to implement the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Mission. Drafts of other Missions have been Kyoto Protocol. The National CDM Authority prepared and are at various stages of functions in the Ministry of Environment & consideration. Forests to evaluate and recommend CDM projects for host country approval. Host The ‘Green India’ project, launched Country Approvals have been granted so far by the Ministry with a view to cover six million (January 2010) to 1551 projects in the sectors hectares of degraded forestland through of energy efficiency, fuel switching, industrial afforestation measures, is an important processes, municipal solid waste and contribution to the objectives of the National renewable energy. If all these projects get Action Plan. It forms part of ‘a Green India registered by the CDM Executive Board, they Mission’ announced under the NAPCC. have the potential to generate 627 million In a Conference of the Ministers of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) at a Environment & Forests of State/UT conservative price of US$10 per CER, by the

269 Ministry of Environment & Forests year 2012 and facilitate an investment of contribute to the body of knowledge on more than Rs. 2,16,349 crores. India’s CDM climate science and climate change potential represents a significant component assessments. of the global CDM market. 478 out of the During the year, Ministry brought out total 2011 projects registered by the CDM a study of “India’s GHG Emissions Profile: Executive Board in UNFCCC (Jan 2010) are Results of Five Climate Modelling Studies” that from India, is the second highest by any was presented at a function held in New Delhi country in the world. on 02 September 2009. The study shows that CDM is an important subject of India’s emissions trajectory is sustainable and negotiations under Kyoto Protocol. India has India’s per capita emissions will continue to argued that it should be strengthened and be low compared to global level even in the continued in the 2nd commitment period of the long term due to declining energy intensity of Protocol from 2013 as it has supported output and autonomous changes in technology sustainable development in developing and productivity. countries, while helping the developed The Ministry, in collaboration with the countries meet their emission reduction targets. United Nations Department of Economic and Recent Initiatives Social Affairs (UNDESA), organised a High India submits its National Level Conference on ‘Climate Change: Communication to the UNFCCC to provide Technology Development and Transfer’ on 22- information on the GHG inventory, vulnerability 23 October 2009 in Delhi to focus on assessment, adaptation, research and technology related issues under negotiation. systematic observations, and programmes The Conference, organized in association with related to sustainable development. India’s the Federation of Indian Chambers of initial National Communication (NATCOM) Commerce and Industry (FICCI) was attended was provided to the UNFCCC in 2004. This by 58 country delegations and 30 Ministers was prepared through a national effort from various countries and was addressed by involving more than 350 scientific personnel the Prime Minister. An exhibition organised to constituted into 131 multi-disciplinary teams. showcase the climate-friendly technologies and services in association with the Confederation The Ministry is engaged in the task of of Indian Industry (CII) was inaugurated by preparing its second national Communication the Finance Minister. At the end of the with the help of over 120 scientific and Conference, a Delhi Statement on Global Co- research establishments and 220 scientists from operation in Technology was issued with a all over the country. NATCOM II will be view to provide input to the climate change finalised in 2010 and furnished to UNFCCC negotiations at Copenhagen. in 2011. An Indian Network of Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) consisting of Minister of State (Independent Charge), scientists and research institutions has also been Environment and Forests, inaugurated the launched by the Ministry with a view to SAARC Clean Development Mechanism facilitate research on climate change and Conference in New Delhi on 1 September

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2009. This Conference, jointly organized by Ministries. A Core Negotiating Team of officials the Ministry of Environment & Forests and the and technical experts undertakes the Ministry of External Affairs, in partnership with international negotiations. the Federation of Indian Chambers of An expert committee was set up in Commerce & Industry (FICCI), was attended 2007 under the chairmanship of the Principal by the delegations from SAARC member Scientific Adviser to Government to look into countries Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, the impacts of climate change. This expert Bhutan, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Nepal, committee has given its first set of findings and besides India. the research agenda that the ministries need India’s Five Year plans include a to follow and implement in order to address strategy for sustainable growth resulting in low India’s vulnerability to anthropogenic climate carbon sustainable development. 11th Five change impacts. Year Plan includes an indicative target of India’s participation in International initiatives/ increasing energy efficiency by 20% by 2016- negotiations 17. As a part of its ambitious domestic actions, Government has now declared that it will The year 2010 was marked by a flurry reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 20- of activities and discussions on climate change 25% by 2020 in comparison with 2005 level. in several international bodies and groups An expert panel appointed by the Planning including G-8, G-20, MEF and Greenland Commission is looking into this matter and Dialogue. This Ministry participated in the G- will prepare a plan of sectoral actions to 8+ Environment Ministerial meeting in Siracusa, 13 achieve this objective. Italy from 22-24 April 2009. Several meetings of the Major Economies Forum on Energy Institutional Mechanism to Address and Climate Change, an initiative launched Climate Change by the USA were held in Washington, Paris, Government of India has set up an Mexico, and Rome in which this Ministry along- elaborate institutional mechanism to consider with officials of the MEA, and BEE participated and address issues relating to climate change. under the leadership of the PM’s Special Envoy A Council chaired by Prime Minister called on Climate Change. At the Rome (L’Aquila) Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change meeting of the MEF held in July 2009, the was constituted in June 2007 to coordinate countries recognized the need to stabilise the national action for assessment, adaptation and climate at temperatures below 2 degree taking mitigation of climate change. The Council into account the need to ensure equity and provides the overall guidance to climate CBDR principles and also the overriding change related actions taken by various priority of the developing countries in terms Ministries in the Government and other of social and economic development and agencies. poverty eradication. The Policy Guidance Group for One of the important events in this series International Negotiations is headed by PM was the Summit on Climate Change organised and consists of Ministers from the concerned by the UN Secretary General in the UN

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Headquarters at New York on 22 September Segment of the Conference, in which India 2009. This was attended by the Minister of participated. The meeting discussed the State, Environment & Forests. relevant issues and the COP President India participated in the fifteenth presented the results of the discussion, at his Conference of Parties (COP-15) held at initiative, to the COP plenary in form of a Copenhagen from 07-18 December 2009 to ‘Copenhagen Accord’. However, the COP did discuss and reach an outcome on the climate adopt the Accord and only took ‘note’ of it. change issues being negotiated under the Bali Prior to the Copenhagen Climate Action Plan and the Kyoto Protocol. An Indian Change Negotiations, Brazil, South Africa, delegation led by Shri Jairam Ramesh, Minister India & China had engaged themselves in of State Environment & Forests participated regular consultations in the format of ‘BASIC’ in the Conference. Prime Minister also to coordinate positions and take care of the addressed the High Level Segment of the interests of developing countries. Immediately Conference on 18th December 2009. The after the Copenhagen Conference, the Ministry negotiations centered on issues relating to a organized the 2nd Ministerial meeting of the shared vision for long term cooperative action BASIC countries’ Environment Ministers’ in of the Parties including a long term emission New Delhi on 24th January 2010 to take reduction goal to address climate change, stock of the post-Copenhagen developments mitigation actions of the Parties including and chalk out a coordinated strategy of specific measures needed to reduce negotiations. deforestation in developing countries and Bilateral/other Initiatives on Climate support conservation and sustainable forestry Change management, sectoral approaches to mitigation actions including market and non- During the year, Minister of State market based measures, adaptation to climate (Independent Charge), Environment & Forests change, finance and technology required to accompanied by a delegation of officials address climate change and technologies and visited China, US and Denmark to hold the necessary mechanism needed to facilitate bilateral consultations on climate change and the flow of such support to the developing matters relating to environmental cooperation. countries. An outcome of climate change As a result of understanding reached negotiations as envisaged could not be during the Minister’s visit to China, India and reached at Copenhagen. It was decided to China signed, on 21 October 2009 in New continue the negotiations with a view to Delhi, a Memorandum of Agreement on conclude them at the next CoP scheduled to Cooperation on Addressing Climate Change. be held in Cancun (Mexico) from 29 November The Agreement is intended to enhance to 10 December 2010. cooperation with China and promote mutual At the Copenhagen conference, the understanding and coordination on Danish Prime Minister (COP- 15 President) had international issues relating to climate change, called a meeting of select group of Heads of while providing opportunities for cooperation State/Government during the High-Level in areas of research development and diffusion

272 Annual Report 2009-2010 of technologies. The Agreement establishes a China–India Working Group on Climate Change for exchange of views on issues relating to domestic policies, international negotiation and implementation of related cooperation projects. Secretary (Environment & Forests) led the India delegation to the South Asia Regional Conference on Climate Change in the Himalayan Region, organized by the Government of Fig-47. BASIC Group of Countries Environment Ministers during the Nepal in Kathmandu from 31 2nd Ministerial Meeting in New Delhi. August to 01 September 2009. The Ministry also participated in the 31st (APP-China, Japan, South Korea, Canada, session of Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate USA and India), this Ministry, in coordination Change (IPCC) held during 26-29 October with the Ministries of External Affairs, Coal, 2009 in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia. and Power participated in the meetings of the APP held in Gold Coast, Australia (19-20 13 India engages bilaterally with several countries in the field of climate change. India May) and Shanghai (26 October). The has signed MOU with Italy, Canada and partnership focuses on development, diffusion Denmark for promoting cooperation in the field and transfer of clean and more efficient of CDM. On 22 October 2009, India and technologies and functions through eight (8) Norway signed an MOU on Cooperation in Task Forces in the area of aluminum, buildings the Area of Climate Change & Implementation and appliances, cement, use of fossil energy, of CDM Projects of Kyoto Protocol. A Joint coal mining, power generation and transmission, Work Programme on Climate Change issues renewable energy and distributed generation, between India and EU is being formulated. and steel set up to facilitate collaboration in India is also engaged in discussions with technology development and diffusion through World Bank, DFID and GTZ to launch specific public-private sector coordination. studies/projects for adaptation to climate India’s National Communication to change in chosen areas/regions of the country. United Nations Framework These projects will be so designed as to ensure Convention on Climate Change that they are consistent with the objectives of (UNFCCC) the National Action Plan. India is a Party to the United Nations As a member of the Asia Pacific Framework Convention on Climate Change Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (UNFCCC), the objective of which is to achieve

273 Ministry of Environment & Forests stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations National Communication (NATCOM I) to the in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent UNFCCC Secretariat in June 2004, within dangerous anthropogenic interference with the three years of receipt of financial support from climate system. The Convention enjoins Parties the Global Environment Facility (GEF). India to communicate information about the is now in the process of preparing its second implementation of the Convention, taking into national communication (NATCOM II) to the account the common but differentiated UNFCCC. The Ministry of Environment & responsibilities and respective capabilities and Forests is both executing and implementing their specific regional and national agency. The UNDP, New Delhi is the GEF development priorities, objectives and implementing agency. A wide range of circumstances. Article 12 of the Convention institutions covering research organizations, relates to the communication of information universities, industry associations and non- pertaining to implementation in accordance governmental organizations spread all across with Article 4 (1) of the Convention, whereby India and the relevant government ministries each Party is required to communicate to the and their departments are participating in the Conference of the Parties. The elements of preparation of NATCOM II. information in the communication are provided in the context of national circumstances and Progress/Achievements include: The work programme of India’s Second – A national inventory of anthropogenic National Communication NATCOM II was emissions by sources and removals by sinks launched in 2007. The key components of of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the work programme include (i) estimation of the Montreal Protocol, to the extent its greenhouse gas emission inventories by sources capacities permit, using comparable and removals by sinks; (ii) An assessment of methodologies to be promoted and agreed likely vulnerability due to climate change and upon by the Conference of Parties; development of adaptation frameworks. – A general description of steps taken to Estimation of greenhouse gas emission implement the Convention including an A comprehensive greenhouse gas assessment of impacts, vulnerability due to (GHG) emission inventory by sources and climate change and associated adaptation removals by sinks for the base year 2000 needs, and using Inter Governmental Panel on Climate – Any other information that the Party considers Change (IPCC) guidelines is being prepared relevant to the achievement of the objective under the aegis of NATCOM II. It covers the of the Convention and suitable for inclusion sectors in energy, industrial processes and in its communication, including, if feasible, product use, agriculture, land use, land use material relevant for calculations of global change and forestry (LULUCF) and waste. The emission trends. scope of improvement with reference to the Towards fulfilment of obligation under inventories presented in NATCOM I include the UNFCCC, India submitted its Initial (i) estimation methodologies for some key

274 Annual Report 2009-2010 categories identified in ATCOM I, the effort selected study areas covering following is to move towards higher levels of estimation thematic area (a) water resources, agriculture for these categories; (ii) refinement of GHG productivity, food security and livelihoods, (b) emission factors developed during INC; (iii) Himalayan ecosystems and livelihoods; and new measurements to develop country-specific (c) energy systems and infrastructure due to emission factors for some key categories; (iv) the changing temperature and precipitation patterns. The emphasis is to assess the current inclusion of additional gases (CO, NOX, coping mechanisms operational at the local NMVOC, SO2, HFC, PFC and SF6) to the extent capacities permit; (v) inclusion of level to combat climate variability, and identify additional GHG pools identified in IPCC the incremental measure required to cope with guidelines for preparation of national the adverse impacts of climate change and greenhouse gas emission inventories that were develop adaptation frameworks that may be not included in Initial National Communication useful in the context of development of a (INC); and (vi) a strong emphasis on QA/ national framework for adaptation. QC procedures as identified in IPCC Report Capacity Building and Monitoring on Good Practices Guidance (GPG) 2000 Training workshops have been and 2003. Country wide institutions are organized for enhancing capacity of the involved in this activity and include research researchers for undertaking various activities. institutions, universities, nongovernmental Also progress of work in each activity is being organizations and industry associations monitored through sectoral consultative 13 together with relevant ministries and associated meetings, through workshops and at the apex departments. level by the National Steering Committee of An assessment of likely vulnerability due to the project. Regular monitoring of progress climate change and development of adaptation is also being undertaken to incorporate mid frameworks course corrections if any. A Review Workshop th Under this component following was organized on 13 October 2009 to activities are currently in progress include, (i) review the progress of all activities undertaken Generation of multiple climate and socio- under the aegis of NATCOM II under the economic scenarios at the national scale; (ii) Chairmanship of Hon’ble MEF. further improvement of the national impact Indo-UK Collaborative Research Programme assessments of water resources, agriculture, – Phase II (Impact and Adaptation) forestry, natural ecosystems, coastal zones, This is a joint collaborative research human health with respect to INC; and (iii) programme between the Government of United Development of adaptation frameworks by Kingdom, Department of Energy and Climate undertaking integrated inter-sectoral assessment Change (formerly, Department of Environment, approach. Food and Rural Affairs) and the Ministry of Development of adaptation frameworks Environment and Forests, Government or India. are being attempted through case mode for The objective of the research programme is

275 Ministry of Environment & Forests to improve climate scenarios, quantifying and – Linking water and agriculture in river basin reducing uncertainty in the impacts, and and impacts of climate change introducing consideration of elements of – Development of socio-economic scenarios adaptation in a regional project, with some of climate change stake-holders involvement. – Assessment of state level vulnerability and The project aims at further advancing adaptation – a case study in Orissa collaborative research project between India and the UK in order to undertake a detailed – State level vulnerability and adaptation assessment of potential impacts of climate assessment – a study in Madhya Pradesh. change on India, including the socio-economic Socio-economic impacts of climate extremes. impacts of extreme events, and to undertake A Steering Committee co-chaired by two pilot projects to identify adaptation options the representatives of MoEF and Department at the regional scale. Phase- II of the project of Energy and Climate Change, UK oversees will also update the previous findings with the development and implementation of the better resolution along with on-ground Phase-II programme. adaptation study in vulnerable regions. In addition, it envisages training and institutional During the period under report, the capacity building through establishment of links Phase-II of the project was launched on 11th between Indian and UK institutions for and 12th May 2009. The institutions developing training opportunities relevant to responsible for undertaking research activities the study. on various components viz., climate change scenarios, national level study on impacts and The final projects identified for Phase- vulnerability, socio-economic impact and II of the Indo-UK Collaboration include extreme events and adaptation response to – Development and dissemination of High climate change in the States of Orissa and Resolution climate change scenarios for India Madhya Pradesh are given as follows.

Name of the Institutions Area of research Indian Institute of Technology, Linking water and agriculture in river basins: Impact of Delhi. climate change. Indian Institute of Tropical Development and dissemination of high resolution Meteorology, Pune climate change scenario Winrock International India, Assessment of state level vulnerability and adaptation Delhi – a case study in Orissa Development Alternative, New State level vulnerability and adaptation assessment Delhi – a study in Madhya Pradesh. Indian Institute of Management, Socio-economics Ahmedabad

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Indian Network of Climate Change generation of climate change scientists and Assessment (INCCA) experts. This programme launched by Hon’ble The institutional arrangement for Minister (Environment & Forests) Shri Jairam impact, vulnerability and adaptation Ramesh on 14th October 2009. It is a network assessments has been designed to address the based programme to be coordinated by this components of the programme from among Ministry to undertake more ambitious the existing network of Institutions. programme of climate change assessment. The programme also envisages This has been an endeavour, bringing together preparing a comprehensive GHG emission Institutions and Scientists from across the inventory profile by sources and removals by country. The results of the various studies are sinks for India. It is being developed using being undertaken to enhance understanding comparable methodologies (IPCC 1996/ of the phenomenon of climate change and its 2006). impact on various sectors of the Indian Intergovernmental panel on Climate economy and society. This programme will Change (IPCC) cover significant aspect related to climate The Intergovernmental panel on Climate change, including, for example, the study of Change is a specialized body jointly black carbon and the impact of climate change established by the United Nations Environment on glaciers and on rainfall patterns. The major Programme and World Meteorological 13 elements of the programmes on Sectoral Organization mandated to prepare scientific Assessment include: assessments on various aspects of climate – Climate Change scenarios for 2030 change. The IPCC has been entrusted with the task of preparing its Fifth Assessment Report – Impact assessment at national level on water on Climate Change, inter-alia, the physical resources, agriculture, forests, energy, science basis; impacts, vulnerability and coastal zone and human health. adaptation; and mitigation of climate change – Integrated impacts and vulnerability based on the published peer-reviewed literature assessment worldwide after the publication of its Fourth Assessment Report brought out by the IPCC – Developing adaptation frameworks in the year 2007. As a nodal ministry in The studies will be undertaken for four the Government for the IPCC, the objective major regions of the country, viz., Himalayan of this programme is to undertake and facilitate Region, Western Ghats, North Eastern Region implementation of various activities of the IPCC and Coastal areas. The result of the study at both international and national level. will be made available in the public domain The IPCC at its 31st Session held in for peer review, discussion and debate. October 2009, accepted the outlines of the Further, this programme will provide capacity Chapter for its next assessment report on building to create and nurture the next various aspects of climate change viz., the

277 Ministry of Environment & Forests physical science basis of climate change; – India was self sufficient in production of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). India was mitigation of climate change. An Inter- mainly producing and using nine of the ninty Ministerial delegation participated in the five substances controlled under the Montreal various meetings of the IPCC. Protocol. These are CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC- 113, Carbontetrachloride (CTC), Ozone Layer Protection Hydrochlorofluorocarbons-22 (HCFC-22), Introduction and Objectives Halon-1211, Halon-1301, Methyl Chloroform and Methyl Bromide. These – Ozone, a tri-atomic molecule is formed Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) are naturally in the upper level of the Earth’s used in refrigeration and air conditioning, atmosphere by high-energy Ultraviolet (UV) foams, fire fighting, aerosol, fumigation and radiation from the sun. The radiation breaks cleaning applications etc. down oxygen molecules, releasing free atoms, some of which bond with other – The Government of India has entrusted the oxygen molecules to form ozone. About work relating to the Ozone layer protection and implementation of the Montreal Protocol 90 per cent of all ozone formed in this way to the Ministry. lies between fifteen and fifty five kilometers above the Earth’s surface, called the – A detailed India Country Programme for Stratosphere. phase out of ODS was prepared in 1993 to ensure the phase out of ODS according – The stratospheric Ozone Layer absorbs all to the National Industrial Development the harmful UV radiations emanating from Strategy, without undue burden to the the Sun. It protects plant and animal life consumers and the industry and for from UV radiation. The UV radiation has accessing the Protocol’s Financial the potential to cause skin cancer, eye Mechanism in accordance with the cataract, suppress body’s immune system, requirements stipulated in the Montreal decrease crop yield etc. which led to the Protocol. The Country Programme was adoption of the Vienna Convention for the updated in 2006. The Executive Committee Protection of the Ozone Layer in 1985 and (Ex-Com) of the Multilateral Fund (MLF) at the Montreal Protocol on Substances that its 49th meeting held in July 2006 had Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1987 along approved the Country Programme Update with its four Amendments. In India, for India. provisions of the Montreal Protocol and – The Ministry has set up the Ozone Cell as its London Amendment came into effect a National Ozone Unit to look after and from September 17, 1992. India also to render necessary services to implement ratified the Copenhagen Amendment the Protocol and its ODS phase-out (1992), the Montreal Amendment (1997) programme in India. The Ministry has and the Beijing Amendment (1999) on established an Empowered Steering March 3, 2003. Committee (ESC) Chaired by the Secretary

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(E&F) which is supported by the Standing – A bi-monthly newsletter viz. ‘VATIS UPDATE- Committees. These Committees are Ozone Layer Protection’ is being published responsible for the implementation of the giving latest information on the science of Montreal Protocol provisions, review of ozone and the technical options evolved and various policy and implementation options, used in various sectors all over the globe. project approval and project monitoring. – Training Programs for customs and other Activities undertaken so far enforcement officers were organized. – India has taken a series of fiscal and – Training workshops for refrigeration servicing regulatory measures to facilitate ODS phase- technicians on good service practices to out in the country. Among fiscal measures reduce CFC consumption in servicing sector taken, Government has accorded customs were organized. and excise duty exemptions on goods required for ODS phase-out projects and – Participated in the meeting of the Ex-Com, new investment and expansion of established Open Ended Working Group (OEWG), industries with non-ODS technology. In the Meeting of the Parties (MOP) and other current financial year i.e. 2009-10 only related meetings. benefit of customs duty has been given for – Data on production, consumption, export, the above purpose. The Reserve Bank of import of ODSs is being submitted to the India has issued directions to all financial Ozone Secretariat by end of September 13 institutions and commercial banks not to every year. finance new establishment with ODS – Project Management Unit (PMU) was set up technology. Trade in ODS with non-Parties in 2002 to implement the CFC and CTC to the Protocol has been banned. All ODS have been brought under the ambit of National Phase-out Plans. licensing for purpose of both imports and – The phase-out of HCFCs was accelerated exports. Import of CFCs in India has been by ten years with certain reduction schedule banned. vide decision XIX/6 of the 19th MOP in – Awareness activities at the national and state 2007. This will be a challenging task as level were organized to sensitize the HCFCs are widely used in various stakeholders to phase-out the ODS in various applications like refrigeration and air- sectors. The International Ozone Day conditioning, foam manufacturing, solvents, function is being organized every year in fire extinguishing etc. India has made a the country on 16th September. number of innovative efforts to meet the challenges of accelerated phase-out of – “Montreal Protocol: India’s Success Story”, HCFCs. posters, stickers are brought out every year on the occasion of International Ozone Day – A comprehensive Roadmap to Phase-out giving latest information on ODS phase-out HCFCs in various sectors in India has been in the country and technologies adopted. developed.

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Fig-48. Hon’ble MoS (I/C) for Environment and Forests delivering his speech on the occasion of International Ozone Day, 2009.

Awards & Appreciations received so far Ecology Refrigeration (HIDECOR)’ and – The United Nations Environment Programme, ‘National CFC Consumption Phase-out Plan on the occasion of 20th Anniversary of the (NCCoPP)’ and two Industries viz. ‘M/s. Montreal Protocol, Conferred “ The Montreal Kirloskar Copeland Ltd.’ And ‘M/s. Satya Protocol Implementers Award, 2007” to the Deeptha Pharmaceuticals’ also got the ‘Ozone Cell of India’ in recognition of Montreal Protocol Exemplary Project extraordinary contributions in the effective Recognition Award. implementation of the Montreal Protocol and – “The Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award, the global effort to protect the Ozone Layer. 2008” was conferred to Dr.A. Duraisamy, – The United Nations Environment Programme, Director, Ozone Cell in recognition of his on the occasion of 20th Anniversary of the exceptional contribution to global Montreal Protocol, Conferred “The Montreal environmental protection and for leadership Protocol Exemplary Project Recognition” to in Ozone Layer protection by United States the ‘Ozone Cell of India’ for its contribution Environmental Protection Agency, to the Exemplary Project “Foam Sector Washington, DC. Umbrella Project for Conservation to CFC- Awareness Activities Free Technology”. In addition to this, ‘Ecological Refrigeration (ECOFRIG)’, – The UN General Assembly on 23rd January, ‘Human and Institutional Development in 1995 adopted a resolution 49/114 which

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proclaims 16th September as the – Total phase-out of Halon production International Day for the Preservation of the in 2003. Ozone Layer, to commemorate the signing – Phase-out of 85% production and of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that consumption of CTC as on January Deplete the Ozone Layer which was signed 1, 2005. on 16th September, 1987. The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer – Accelerated phase-out of production of is celebrated at national and state levels CFCs w.e.f August 1, 2008, seventeen since 1995. months earlier than the phase-out schedule of the Montreal Protocol . – The Fifteenth International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer was – Phase-out of consumption of CFCs in all celebrated in Delhi on 16th September, applications as on January 1, 2010 2009. The theme of this year’s International except in manufacturing of Metered Dose Ozone Day was “Universal participation : Inhalers (MDIs) for Asthma and Chronic Ozone protection unifies the world”. Shri Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Jairam Ramesh, Hon’ble Minister of State patients. for Environment and Forests (Independent – The Ex-Com of the MLF had approved a Charge) was the Chief Guest. Around five total of two hundred ninty nine projects hundred fifty school children, policy makers, involving MLF funding of about US $349 teachnocrats a nd government officials million for phasing out 25000 ODP tons 13 attended the function. of production and 23000 ODP tons of – On this occasion poster, painting, skit consumption of ODS. competitions were organized among school – In 2009 during 57th to 59th meeting of children. Prizes for the best three in each the Ex-Com of the MLF, US$ 12.1 million competition were given. The publication were approved for implementation of “Montreal Protocol: India’s Success Story” 2009 Annual Work Plan of CTC Phase- was released and distributed to the out Plan for the consumption and participants on this occasion. production sectors and accelerated CFC Achievements production Phase-out. – India has met the following compliance – Training, workshops were organized for targets as per the control schedule of the service technicians on good servicing Montreal Protocol:- practices and retrofitting of CFC based refrigeration appliances to non-CFCs. The – Freeze of CFC production and technicians were drawn from both formal consumption in July, 1999 at 22588 ODP and informal sectors. More than 10,000 tons and 6681 ODP tons respectively. technicians have been trained under the – Freeze of Halon production and National CFC Consumption Phase-out Plan consumption on January 1, 2002. (NCCoPP).

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– The equipment support has been provided delegation was represented by Dr. B.P. to the trained technicians under NCCoPP Nilratna, Joint Secretary, MoEF and Dr. A. to use good servicing practices in the field Duraisamy, Director, Ozone Cell, MoEF. which has resulted in reduction of use of An Amemdment was proposed by a number CFCs in servicing sector. of Member Countries including USA and – Reclamation units have been provided at Canada to bring Phase-down of HFCs under a number of places and organizations the ambit of a Montreal Protocol. India was including Indian Railways to recover, not in favour of this Amendment as it reclaim and reuse the CFCs. adversely affects the Indian Industries. Indian delegation during the 21st MOP made – In 29th meeting of the OEWG, the India tireless effort to oppose the proposed proposed that Indian producers can produce Amendment. pharmaceutical-grade CFCs for manufacturing of MDIs used by Asthma and – India made a very comprehensive well COPD patients for EUN to meet its own structured intervention and raised legal, requirements as well as for other to meet policy and technical issues against the the basic domestic needs of other Article proposed amendment of bring HFCs under 5 Parties and submitted Conference Room the ambit of the Montreal Protocol. Most Paper (CRP) on EUN and campaign of the Parties especially the Article 5 production. The OEWG forwarded in Parties referred the intervention made by square brackets a draft decision prepared India while making the interventions. by the Contact Group based on the India’s Finally, the amendment to the Montreal CRP to the 21st MOP. Protocol was not agreed in the 21st MOP. – The Chairman of the 58th Ex-Com formed – The draft decision based on India’s CRP a Contact Group to discuss the various issues in 29th OEWG was discussed in detail related to cost consideration for financing at the 21st MOP in a Contact Group. the HCFC phased-out in Article 5 Parties. India played a very vital role on behalf India played a vital role in the deliberations of all the Article 5 MDI manufacturing during the Contact Group and expressed Parties during the discussion. Based on willingness to accept the cut-off date, 16th the interventions made by the Indian September 2007, the date of decision XIX/ delegation the Contract Group 6 (accelerated phased-out of HCFCs) which recommended a draft decision which has was emerging as consensus. India also made a number of elements including review a proposal for a comprehensive analysis to of Production Sector Agreements of India develop policies to define eligible and China with the Ex-Com to allow these incremental costs for HCFC phase-out. two countries to produce pharmaceutical – The 21st MOP to the Montreal Protocol on grade CFCs for manufacturing of MDIs Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in their own countries as well for export was held in Port Ghalib, Egypt from CFCs to other MDI manufacturing November 4 to 8, 2009. The Indian countries.

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– India has been elected as the Member of Organizations, NGOs and concerned the Ex-Com for the year 2010 and will Government Organizations. The Working have China, Malaysia and Indonesia as its Groups especially the Refrigeration and Co-opted Members.. Air-conditioning Manufacturing, Foam – The following workshops were conducted manufacturing discussed the various during this year: strategies to implement the Road Map for phasing-out the HCFCs in India. – A workshop on ODS Phase-out in Defence Applications was held on 29th April, – One Day National Awareness Workshop 2009 at New Delhi. on “CFC MDI Phase-out Transition Strategy Implementation and Adoption of – Sectoral Working Groups Meeting for CFC free Alternatives in India” was held preparation of HCFC Phase-out on 5th October, 2009 in New Delhi. Management Plan (HPMP) in India was held on 24th and 25th September, 2009 – Launching of Roadmap for Phase-out of in New Delhi. The Meeting was very well HCFCs in India was held on 6th October, attended by the stakeholders from 2009 in New Delhi. On this occasion, Industry, Industry Associations Research Shri Jairam Ramesh, Hon’ble Minister of

13

Fig-49. Launching of Roadmap for HCFC Phase-out in India

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State for Environment and Forests (IC) regulating production, consumption, trade, released the Roadmap for Phase-out of import and export of ODS and the products HCFCs in India. containing ODS. The ODS Rules were amended in 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 and – The objective of the Roadmap is to phase 2007 to facilitate implementation of ODS out Production and Consumption of HCFCs phase-out by the enterprises in various sectors. in various applications as per the reduction targets of the Montreal Protocol in a well – These Rules prohibit the use of CFCs in coordinated manner without any manufacturing various products beyond commercial and financial dislocations in January 1, 2003 except in MDI and other the country. medical purposes. Other ODS such as CTC, halon, methyl chloroform will be used upto – Open Type compressor (OTC) workshop January 1, 2010. Further, the use of methyl on good practices & servicing were held bromide has been allowed upto January 1, in different states of India. 2015. Since HCFCs are used as interim – National Academy of Customs Narcotics substitute to replace CFCs, these would be and Drugs (NACEN) and Ozone Cell allowed upto January 1, 2030. organized training programme for customs – The latest amendment to the rules, have officers as part of Policy and Customs defined feedstock use of ODS and extended training project in the RTIs of NACEN. the date of registration for enterprises using Regulatory Measures ODS. Fiscal Measures – The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 under – Customs and Excise duty exemption have the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 has been extended for MLF assisted ODS phase- been notified in the Gazette of India on July out projects or expansion of capacity with 19, 2000. These Rules set the deadlines non-ODS technology during the financial for phasing out of various ODS, besides year 2009-2010.

284 Annual Report 2009-2010 CHAPTER – 14 ADMINISTRATION AND CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

14

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Personnel Administration function as a separate, distinct, centralized and confidential unit for the purpose of Staff Position recruitment (through Direct Recruitment/ The staff strength of the Ministry Deputation) as well as promotion under FCS including NAEB, NRCD is eight hundred (Flexible Complementing Scheme) in the Group seventy four. The details of the posts are given ‘A’ Scientific Posts for the Ministry, its Regional in Table-30. Table-30. Number of employees in various groups and with reservation position

Group Sanctioned Number in Scheduled Scheduled OBC Physically of Post Strength Position Caste Tribe Handicapped A 169 155 14 02 03 02 B 264 221 27 07 07 01 C 441 325 97 14 19 09 Total 874 701 138 23 29 12

The Ministry has outsourced some Offices and all the attached/subordinate clerical jobs to tide over the shortage of the offices having such posts in their organizations. staff during the year. Review and Promotion under FCS Recruitment and Promotion of Scientists Following the re-organisation of the Under the Flexible Complementing Scientific/Departments/Ministries during 1986 Scheme (FCS), involving a two-tier system of and consequent de-linking of the Group ‘A’ evaluation for review/assessment of the Scientific posts for the purview of the UPSC Scientists for their promotion, the screenings/ and introduction of Flexible Complementing interviews of Scientists, conducted during the Scheme (FCS), P-III Section was specifically current year are given Table-31. conceived and created in the Ministry to

Table-31. Review and assessment of scientists for promotion Organization Scientists No. of Scientists No. of scientists considered screened in for successful in the for screening interview interview Ministry Proper 03 03 03 Botanical Survey of India 08 06 06 National Museum of Natural 03 03 03 History National River Conservation 01 0 0 Directorate Zoological Survey of India 07 05 01

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Recruitment building technology which will serve as a model for others to emulate not only within During the current year, nine posts of the country but also in the other parts of the Scientist ‘C’ in Botanical Survey of India were world. The Division is working in tandem with filled by Direct Recruitment. various agencies involved in the project to In addition to the above, the process complete the building as early as possible. to fill up the eleven posts of Scientist ‘C’, two Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre posts of Scientist ‘D’ and one post of Scientist Management Division ‘E’ in Ministry Proper including Regional Offices, eleven posts of Scientist ‘C’ in Bo- Mandate tanical Survey of India, three posts of Scientist – The Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre ‘B’ and one post of Scientist ‘D’ in National Management Division is enjoined upon to Museum of Natural History, one post of handle the business of the Ministry as the Scientist ‘C’ in National River Conservation Cadre Controlling Authority for the Indian Directorate and two posts of Scientist ‘C’ in Forest Service (one of the three All India Directorate of Forest Education is underway. Services). General Administration – The total authorized cadre strength of the Indian Forest Service as on 1.10.2009 is The General Administration (GA) three thousand seven which includes two Division of the Ministry is entrusted with the thousand ninty six Direct Recruit and nine responsibility of procurement of stationery, hundred eleven Promotion posts. The Total 14 stores and equipment for functioning of the Senior Duty Posts (SDP) in the Indian Forest Ministry and providing essential services to Service are one thousand eight hundred thiry the personnel of the Ministry including four and the remaining under various transport, communication, general upkeep etc. reserves. Besides serving the thiry one Forest Some of the major initiative/activities of the Departments in the States and Union Division during the year are (i) implementation Territories managing the country’s natural of the process of requisition and issue of resources, a good number of them work in stationery and stores through the Material various Ministries and institutions both in Requisition Information System (e-poorty) the State and Central Government. development by the NIC; (ii) renovation of the 5th Floor B2 wing of Preyavaran Bhawan, Main activities of the IFS Cadre Management which was devastated in a fire in April, 2009. are : The office space measuring about 4000 sq. – Determination of vacancies and framing of ft. has since been renovated through the CPWD rules for Direct Recruitment and allocation as an open office system with modern facilities; of cadres to IFS probationers. (iii) the Ministry has acquired about 9000 sq. – Determination of vacancies for indction of mtr. of land at Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New State Forest Service Officersby promotion Delhi for construction of its own office building. into Indian Forest Service, coordination of The Ministry has decided to adopt sustainable Selection Committee Meeting, Promotion energy efficient environment friendly green and Determination of Seniority.

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– Cadre Review for revision of composition Service. Each and every member of Service and strength of IFS in various cadres. has been provided facility to have his unique e-mail account through NIC on this site and – Selection/appointment of IFS officers to members of Service have been provided various posts under the Central Staffing facility to update the date relating to their Scheme of the Ministry and to various posting details online for periodical autonomous bodies including Indian Council upgradation. of Forestry Research & Education, Dehradun; Indian Institue of Forest Managem,ent, – Eighty four Direct Recruit officer on the basis Bhopal and Wildlife Institute of India, of IFS Examination, two thousand eight were Dehradun. inducted into the Service. – Facilitation of Selection/Appointment of IFS – Thirty six State Forest Service officers were officers against the Central Staffing Scheme inducted into the Indian Forest Service under IFS (Appointment by Promotion) Regulations, of the Department of Personnel & Training during the year 2008-09. (DoPT). – About thirty seven IFS officers joined at various – Finalisation of various service matters like levels under the Central Staffing Scheme of inter-cadre transfers, inter-cadre deputations, the Ministry and about ten IFS officers joined cadre clearance for placements/trainings under the Central Staffing Scheme of the and post retirement benefits to the officers. Department of Personnel & Training – Management of AGMUT cadre including – Meeting of the Cadre Review Committee promotions, transfers, postings and other were held to review the strength and service matters. composition of 11 cadres, namely AGMUT, Progress/Achievements during the year Manipur-Tripura, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Uttarakhand, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, – The IFS Cadre Management Division of the tamil Nadu, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh and Ministry deals with the broad items of work Maharashtra. relating to the Indian Forest Service. – Thirty-seven Court Cases pending in various – Direct Recruitment to the Indian Forest Courts across the Country were liquidated. Service. Around two hundred fifty Court cases relating – Allocation of IFS Probationers to various to the issues of IFS Cadre are pending in State cadres. various Tribunals/Courts all over the Country. – Up-to-date Civil List of IFS officers is available on the website of this Ministry at – For the first time, on line system for filling www.ifs.nic.in besides, vacancy circulars, up of the deputational posts under CSS training programme circulars, Rules and introduced. Regulations concerning IFS, ACR availability – Scanning of the ACRs of almost one thousand status of IFS officers are also hosted on this eight hundred (out of two thousand eight site for the benefit of the members of the hundred twenty six) officers was completed

288 Annual Report 2009-2010

and maintained in electronic form along and seven Prosecution cases were processed with hard copies. in the Vigilance Division. Of these, three Vigilance Disciplinary cases, eight Appeal cases and two Prosecution cases were finally disposed The Vigilance Division is responsible of. Court cases were pursued in the respective for all vigilance/disciplinary matters relating court/CAT Bench. Out of thirty six complaints to the Indian Forest Service officers both in received through CVC, eight complaints were the Ministry including its attached and finally disposed of after obtaining and subordinate offices, autonomous considering the investigation reports. Other organizations/PSUs & IFS officers posted in complaints are at various stages of the State Governments. The Vigilance Division investigation/examination. Twenty three functions under the direct control of Joint complaints received from other sources were Secretary & Central Vigilance Officer (CVO) also closed during the year. Applications and overall supervision of Secretary, received under RTI Act were also processed Environment & Forests. and replies sent to the applicants. The progress The Vigilance Division is responsible on the disposal of DP, Appeal, Prosecution, for examination and processing of Disciplinary Court cases and RTI cases as well as Cases, Appeals, Reviews and Memorials of complaints is reviewed by JS&CVO from time Indian Forest Service Officers of all States/ to time. Union Territories, Investigation of Complaints, About two hundred eighty seven 14 Obtaining & Maintenance of Annual Annual Property Returns as on 01.01.2009 Immovable Property Returns etc. Cases filed were received from Group ‘A’ & ‘B’ officers in various Benches of Central Administrative of the Ministry as well as organisations under Tribunal and Courts in India in connection it, of which one hundred eighty two APRs with the disciplinary matters are also handled were scrutinised till the end of December, in Vigilance Division. The prosecution cases 2009. launched against IFS Officers by various Based on the sensitive posts already States/Union Territories and also other identified in the Ministry, rotational transfers Officers/Staff of the Ministry are also dealt of officers and staff who have put in three with in Vigilance Division. years or more in a sensitive post, are made. The Division requires frequent Sensitive posts have also been identified in consultation with the Central Bureau of various field organisations and rotational Investigation, Central Vigilance Commission, transfer from sensitive posts are effected in Union Commission (UPSC) and these organisations as and when required. Department of Personnel and Training (DOPT) Vigilance Awareness Week was as per rules and procedures laid down on the observed in the Ministry during the period matter. from 3rd November, 2009 to 7th November, During the year, thirty one Disciplinary 2009 and a pledge was administered by Proceedings cases, seventeen Appeal cases Secretary (E&F) to the officers & staff to

289 Ministry of Environment & Forests bring about integrity and transparency in document for policy makers, academicians all spheres of activities and to work and researchers interested in Parliamentary unstintingly for eradication of corruption in studies as well as for those, who are keen all spheres of life. to bring environmental issues to the forefront of Government policies. Monthly Report on the cases relating to prosecution sanctions, disciplinary The graphical presentation of the proceedings, complaints etc. was regularly Parliament Questions replied to by the MoEF sent to the CVC during the year. during 2009-10 both in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in various sessions are given in Parliament Fig.-50 and Fig.-51. Introduction During the year 2009-10 one meeting The Parliament Division in the Ministry of the Consultative Committee of Members of is responsible for co-ordination of all parliament Parliament attached to the Ministry was held matters related to the Ministry. on the subject Copenhagen Accord. The Progress of Activities undertaken meetings of the Department related Parliamentary Standing Committee of Science During the current year, a total number and Technology, Environment and Forests of of seven hundred fifty one Parliament Questions the Members of the Parliament were held on pertaining to various aspects were answered different subjects on different occasions. by the Ministry (four hundred nine questions in the Lok Sabha, forty five starred and three Internal Work Study Unit (IWSU) hundred sixty four unstarred and three hundred Activities relating to internal work forty two questions in the Rajya Sabha, thirty study are coordinated by Internal Work three starred and three hundred nine Study (IWS) Unit of the Ministry. This is to unstarred). The questions covered a wide range ensure timely action by various sections on of issues with which the Ministry is concerned, proper record management and strict prominent among them being a wider range compliance of various provisions of the of issues with the Ministry is concerned such manual of office procedure. as Wildlife Management, Pollution, Forest Progress/ Achievements made during the year Conservation, Freshwater & Marine Conservation, EIA, Climate Change & – During the year, one thousand five hundred Meteorology & Environmental Conservation eleven files were sent for review from etc. Departmental Record Room (DRR) and three thousand two hundred eighty eight files The report on the Parliament Questions received in DRR for retention. replied during the year 2009 by the MoEF and other Ministries is under process and will – In order to have a quick retrieval system be published shortly by ENVIS Centre. The and an accurate and permanent data base, present report serves as a helpful source of the computerization of all the files in the

290 Annual Report 2009-2010

five years or more have been identified for appraisal to be done by National Archives of India (NAI), New Delhi. – Work Measurement Study of scientific and non- scientific posts in the Ministry including NAEB and NRCD, by the Work Measurement Committee with a core- member from Staff Inspection Unit (SIU), Department of Expenditure, is under process. Fig-50. Number of questions replied to by the Ministry in Lok Sabha during 2009-2010 – O&M inspections of the organizations under the Ministry and Sections/Divisions of the Ministry is being completed. – Records Retention 14 Schedule for substantive functions of the Ministry has been prepared and forwarded to National Archives of India for their vetting. – Review of ‘Channel of Submission and Level of Final Fig-51. Number of questions replied to by the Ministry in Rajya Saha during 2009-2010 Disposal of Case’ for the Ministry has been completed DRR has been completed through and is available on the Ministry’s website. development of software. This is very helpful Information Technology and e- in monitoring the record management in the Governance Ministry. So far, the DRR has completed The Government has recognized computerization of more than twenty one Information Technology (IT) as a major thousand files. important tool for speedy implementation and – One thousand three hundred eleven recorded monitoring of various schemes and decisions files of category ‘B’ or files live for twenty in public interest. Accordingly, Ministry has

291 Ministry of Environment & Forests embarked on a comprehensive exercise to functional and promotional activities leading implement an e-Governance project titled to ease access to information through a ‘ENVISION’ with the objective of transforming website ensuring paperless office. To the functioning of the Ministry and its constituent corroborate soundness of the concept, organizations, and also to transform the way selected processes will be taken up for Proof the Ministry serves its various stakeholders. of Concept (PoC) implementation. e-Governance project of MoEF called – Stage 3 (System Integration and Project ENVISION is “to apply the principles of good Implementation) The Ministry invited governance – transparency, rationality, Expression of Interest (EOI) from the System accountability, reduction in time and costs, Integrators to implement and maintain ENVISION solution based on the ease and convenience of citizens and qualification criteria for submission of such businesses in accessing the information and proposals and shot-listed seven services provided by the Ministry through organizations. different channels e.g. internet. Progress/Achievements made during the year It seeks to render services to its various stakeholders with accurate, timely and reliable – Request for Proposal for Stage 3 consultant information and develop a more friendly and was reviewed and circulated to the short- hospitable interface with public. listed firms. The Pre-Bid meeting was organized and the minutes of the meeting Project is to be implemented in three Stages: was circulated for submission of Techno- – Stage 1 (Conceptualization) includes commercial bids. After the receipt of development of vision and objectives, Technical and Financial Bids, evaluation of determine scope of transformation envisaged technical bids was held and financial bids and selection of a suitable consultant through of the technically qualified bidders were a competitive bidding process. National opened. Institute for Smart Government (NISG) was – Implementation of Proof-of-Concept for Leave, engaged for preparing the Request for GPF, Environmental Clearance and Wetland Proposal (RFP) which led to the engagement Scheme has been completed and the of Stage 2 consultants for the Business Process software applications have been Reengineering (BPR) exercise as well as demonstrated to the concerned Divisions. implementation of Proof of Concept (PoC) – The IT infrastructure at the Ministry, BSI, for the identified processes. Kolkata, ZSI, Kolkata and Andaman & – Stage 2 (Project Development) M/s Nicobar Forest Plantations and PricewaterhouseCopers Pvt. Ltd. (PwC) Development Corporation, Port Blair was engaged as Stage 2 consultants undertook strengthened. detailed study of the ‘AS-IS’ processes and – Based on the Training Needs Analysis, the has designed the ‘TO-BE’ processes under Ministry had developed a comprehensive the domain of BPR exercise for regulatory, proposal for training of over five thousand

292 Annual Report 2009-2010

employees in both IT and Non-IT domains. RTI Act, 2005 are coordinated by RTI Cell The Request for Proposal was circulated of the Ministry. and the pre-bid meeting was organised. The Technical and Financial bids were Progress/ Achievements made during the year received and agency was finalized after – The Ministry has received nine hundred the due evaluation processes. The IT twelve RTI applications and eighty two training was provided to about one appeals under RTI Act, 2005 (from thousand officers and staff of the Ministry Jan.,2009 to 31st Oct.,2009). and the attached offices. – For effective implementation of RTI Act, – Proposal for selection of agency for 2005, Central Public Information Officers Scanning Digitisation of Old Archival (CPIOs) and Appellate Authorities (AAs) Documents at Botanical Survey of India, have been designated. The notification Kolkata have been finalized. The agency designating CPIOs/AAs is revised was selected through Tendering process and periodically as and when there is change the work of scanning digitization started. in allocation work of CPIOs/AAs. – Proposal for selection of agency Photographic digitization of Textile Designs, – A workshop on effective implementation/ Natural Dyes and Illustrations in the old understanding of RTI Act, 2005 was archival documents at Botanical Survey of organized on 11th November, 2009 for the India, Kolkata have been finalized. The staff and officers up to the level of Joint 14 agency was selected through Tendering Director in the Ministry. process and approval in the Ministry are – Decisions of Central Information Commission under process. (CIC) and DoPT, relevant to this Ministry – Process for establishment of Programme are being circulated to the CPIOs/AAs for Monitoring Unit (PMU) initiated and the better understanding. room has been renovated. – All the Subordinate Offices / Institutions / – For scanning and digitization of records in Autonomous bodies have been requested the Ministry, the Tender document was to periodically revise the notification for published. The Techno-commercial bids were CPIOs/AAs. received and the evaluation of technical bids is under process. The IT infrastructure – Reports being sent regularly to DoPT and including servers and storage system Central Information Commission. procured and installed. Protocol Unit – The re-structuring and re-designing of the website of the Ministry have been completed. – Providing comprehensive protocol arrangements for Minister of Environment RTI Cell and Forests, Secretary, Special Secretary Activities relating to implementation of and Director General of Forests and Special

293 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Secretary and Director General of Forests – Environmental degradation due to and Special Secretary (DGF&SS); mismanagement of civic amenities like – Obtained one hundred forty five visas of location of waste dump, water logging etc. senior officers within given time frame; – Poor maintenance of open areas and parks; – Arranged more than five hundred ninety eight and domestic/international air tickets for officers – Commercial establishments operating of the Ministry. illegally in the residential buildings causing Public Grievance Cell nuisance to people living in the immediate vicinity. A Grievance Cell has been functioning in the Ministry to attend to the complaints of – Non-settlement of payment of salary dues public regarding forestry, environmental matters and retirement dues, benefits like pension etc. Joint Secretary (Admin.) has been etc. to staff. nominated as Public Grievance Officer of the – During the year, one hundred grievances Ministry. were received from the general public and The particulars of the Public Grievance Officer staff. of the Ministry are as under: The Public Grievance cases are thus Joint Secretary (Admin.) monitored regularly at specified time intervals Room No.440, (4th Floor), in MoEF and the replies are sent to the Paryavaran Bhawan, CGO Complex, complainants as early as possible. Once the Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110 003 final replies are sent, the petition is treated Tel.: 011-24361774. as closed and the same is indicated in the e-mail: [email protected] statements prepared in respect of Public The general public can meet the Public Grievances. Grievance Officer every Wednesday from The staff of various divisions/sections 10.00 AM to 1.00 PM. The main function have been trained by holding one day video of the Cell is to ensure timely redressal of conferencing at Paryavaran Bhavan with the public grievances by taking up the matter assistance of Directorate of Administrative with the concerned authorities such as District Reform & Public Grievances (DARPG) Magistrates, Municipal Corporations, officials to dispose off the complaints online Pollution Control Boards, State through Centralised Public Grievance Redress Governments, etc. Most of the complaints And Monitoring System (CPGRAMS). To run related to: the Public Grievances portal (PGRAMS), the – Unauthorised industries located in residential IDs have been provided to the concerned areas discharging harmful gases and Sections/Divisions in the Ministry for quick hazardous effluents in the immediate disposal of grievances/monitoring and neighbourhood. issuing reminders online.

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Implementation of Official Publication of Hindi Magazine “Paryavaran” Language Policy The special issue of “Paryavaran” Introduction magazine on medicinal plants was brought Sustained efforts were made to ensure out. proper compliance of the Official Language Inspections Policy of the Union, as envisaged in the , the Official Languages High Power Committee of Parliament Act, the Official Languages Rules, the Annual on Official Language inspected Botanical Programme and orders issued from time to Survey of India, Allahabad, National time. Afforestation & Eco-Development Board, New Delhi and Wild life Crime Control Bureau, All documents coming under the Mumbai. In addition to these inspections, purview of Sec. 3(3) of the Official twelve Attached/Subordinate Offices were Languages Act were issued in Hindi and also inspected by Joint Secretary/Director (OL) English bilingual form. The letters received to review the position of implementing Official in Hindi and representations/ appeals signed Language Policy of the Union. in Hindi were replied to in Hindi ensuring Hindi Fortnight 100% compliance of the Rule 5 7(2) of the O.L. Rules. During the Hindi Fortnight various competitions were organized. The employees 14 Progress of Activities undertaken of the Ministry, NAEB and NRCD participated Official Language Implementation Committee in these competitions. The winners were honoured with Cash Prizes and Commendation Meetings of Official Language Certificates. Implementation Committee were organised with a view to review the status of Civil Construction Unit (CCU) implementation of Official Language Policy in The Civil Construction Unit (CCU) was the Divisions of the Ministry. established in March, 1987. This Unit undertakes construction works for all the Hindi Workshop attached and subordinate offices of the Hindi workshops were organised for Ministry such as BSI, ZSI, FSI, NMNH, the officers and staff to carry out their day IGNFA and autonomous bodies like IIFM, to day transaction in Hindi. IPIRTI, WII, ICFRE and GBPIHED. The CCU has constructed a number of office buildings, Incentive Schemes laboratories, museums and residential Aimed at encouraging and motivating accommodation at various places such as the employees to increase the use of Hindi, Almora, Dehradun, Bhopal, Delhi, incentive schemes were implemented in the Bengaluru, Jabalpur, Coimbatore and Ministry. Hyderabad.

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There are three divisions looking after The sanctioned cost of the project is construction activities throughout India. Two Rs. 99.31 lakhs and the work has been divisions are located at Delhi for works in completed in September, 2009. Northern Region and the third division is located at Bengaluru for works under Southern – Five Type-IV quarters for WII at Dehradun. Region. The sanctioned cost of the project is Rs.59.71 lakhs. It has been completed in Civil construction works of the Ministry are executed by CPWD where CCU does not June, 2009. have its own unit. CCU provides necessary The construction work of museum and inputs for planning and coordinates works auditorium blocks for Rajiv Gandhi Regional being executed by CPWD. The management Museum of Natural History at Sawai of budget also rests with CCU. Madhopur is currently being executed by CCU. Some of the important works completed The sanctioned cost of the project is Rs.4100 by CCU during the year 2009-2010 are: lakhs. The museum & auditorium blocks shall – Five faculty quarters for IIFM at Bhopal. be completed by December, 2010.

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15

CHAPTER – 15 PLAN COORDINATION AND BUDGET 297 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Introduction Commission during the year. The Annual plan 2007-08, first year of the XIth Plan had an The Plan Coordination Division is approved outlay of Rs.1351 crores against responsible for the coordination of all Plan schemes and programmes of the Ministry in which the actual utilization amounted to Rs.1349.73 crores. The Annual Plan 2008- close association with the Planning 09, second year of the XIth Plan had an Commission. This involves preparation, monitoring and review of Five Year Plans, approved outlay of Rs.1500.00 crores against which the actual utilization amounted to Annual Plans and the Annual Action Plans of Rs.1483.02 crores. For 2009-10, the the Ministry. The Division also looks after the monitoring of progress reports and reports approved outlay of the Ministry was Rs.1880.00 crores which has now been under the 20-Point Programme (Points XV item reduced to Rs 1650.00 crores in RE stage, No.52 & 53). against which an amount of Rs 1428.72 XIth Five Year Plan (2007-2012) crores has been utilized till February, 2010. Against an approved outlay of Rs.5945 Sector-wise details are given in Table-32. crores, the total expenditure of the Ministry The progress of plan schemes are th during the X Five Year Plan (2002-07) reviewed regularly in the Ministry and th amounted to Rs.5115 crores. For the XI Five necessary corrective action is taken to ensure Year Plan, 2007-12, the Ministry has been proper and meaningful deployment of provided with an outlay of Rs.10,000 crores. resources with a view to build up the th A Mid Term Appraisal of Ministry’s XI Five capacities of the State Governments in Forestry Year Plan was carried out by the Planning and Environment Sector, for the programmatic

Table-32. Xth Plan Expenditure, XIth Plan Outlays / Expenditure – Ministry of Environment and Forests

(Rs. crore)

Sl. Sector Xth Plan XIth Plan 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 No. Outlay Exp. Outlay Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Outlay Outlay Exp. (RE) (28.02.2010) 1 Environment 1200.00 918.83 1246.01 259.16 224.22 255.00 240.42 291.42 265.76 187.80 2 National 1670.00 1543.69 2540.00 340.00 320.94 326.71 326.12 577.33 428.28 396.44 River Conservation Directorate 3 Forestry & 1600.00 1283.55 2943.99 371.61 361.73 521.08 520.87 599.63 574.29 506.83 Wildlife 4 National 1300.00 1293.40 3150.00 359.23 422.05 372.21 370.71 386.62 357.67 324.44 Afforestation and Eco- development Board 5 Animal 175.00 75.11 120.00 21.00 20.79 25.00 24.90 25.00 24.00 13.21 Welfare Total 5945.00 5114.58 10000.00 1351.00 1349.73 1500.00 1483.02 1880.00 1650.00 1428.72

298 Annual Report 2009-2010 aspects and variegated Centrally Sponsored of the Ministry. The approved outlay comprises and Central Sector Scheme. of Rs.1231.88 crores in Environment and Annual Plan 2010-11 Ecology Sector and Rs.968.12 crore in the Forestry and Wildlife Sector. Sector-wise An outlay of Rs.2200.00 crores has been allocated for the Annual Plan 2010-11 details are given in Table-33.

Table-33. Plan Outlay for 2010-11 (Rs. crore)

Sl. No. Sector Outlay 2010-11 1 Environment 480.17 2 National River Conservation Directorate 751.71 3 Forestry & Wildlife 592.12 4 National Afforestation and Eco-development 352.00 Board 5 Animal Welfare 24.00 Total 2200.00 15

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Annexure-II A Regional Offices of the Ministry S.No. Name of the Organization/ Communication Area Institute Linkage

Regional Offices 1. Shri K.S Reddy, IFS Ph. No. 080-25635901 Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Chief Conservator of Forest (C), Fax No. 080-25537184 Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry Ministry of Environment and and Lakshadweep Forests, Regional Office (SZ), Kendriya Sadan, IVth FLOOR Floor, E&F Wings, 17th Main Road, Koramangala II Block, Bangalore-560034 (Karnataka) 2. Shri J.K. Tewari , Ph. No. 0674-2301213 Orissa, Andaman & Nicobar, Island, IFSChief Conservator of Forests (C), Fax No. 0674-2302432 Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal Ministry of Environment and Forests, Regional Office (EZ), A/3, Chandersekharpur, Bhubaneshwar-751023 3. Shri A.K. Rana, IFS Ph. No. 0755-2466525 Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Chief Conservator of Forests (C), Fax No. 0755-2463102 Maharashtra, Gujarat, Ministry of Environment and Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Forests, Regional Office (WZ), E-5, Daman & Diu Kendriya Paryavaran Bhawan, E-5 Arera Colony, Link Road-3, Ravishankar Nagar, Bhopal-462016 4. Shri B.N. Jha, IFS Ph. No. 0364-2227673 Arunachal Pradesh, Chief Conservator of Forests (C), Fax No. 0364-2227047 Assam, Manipur, Ministry of Environment and Meghalaya, Tripura, Nagaland, Forests, Regional Office (NEZ), Mizoram and Sikkim Uplands Road, Laitumkhrah, Shillong-793003 5. Shri Azam Zaidi, IFS Ph. No. 0522-2326696 Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Chief Conservator of Forests (C), Fax No.0522-2326696 Rajasthan Ministry of Environment and 0522-2323850 Forests, Regional Office (CZ), Kendriya Bhawan, 5th Floor, Sector “H”, Aliganj, Lucknow-226020 6. Shri S.K. Sehrawat, IFS, Ph No. 0172-2638135 Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Conservator of Forests (C), Fax No. 0172-2638061 Punjab, J&K, Chandigarh and Delhi Ministry of Environment and Forests, Regional Office (NZ), Bays No. 24-25, Sector 31 A, Dakshin Marg, Chandigarh-160030

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Annexure-II B Regional Centres of National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (NAEB)

S.No. Name & Address of Regional Centre State/UTs covered as per MOU

1. Regional Centre for NAEB Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. Uttarakhand and UT of Delhi B-1/9, Community Centre, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058

2. Regional Centre for NAEB Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa and UTs Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. of Daman & Diu, Dadar & Dhanraj Mahal, Ist Floor, CSM Marg, Nagar Haveli Mumbai-400001

3. Regional Centre for NAEB Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, North Eastern Hill University, Manipur, Meghalaya, Shillong – 793 014 Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura

4. Regional Centre for NAEB Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, University of Agricultural Sciences, Tamil Nadu and UTs of Puducherry and GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560065 Lakshadweep

5. Regional Centre for NAEB Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Indian Institute of Forest Management, Orissa Nehru Nagar, Post Box no. 357, Bhopal-462003

6. Regional Centre for NAEB Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Kashmir, Punjab and UT of Horticulture and Forestry, Chandigarh Nauni, Solan-173230

7. Regional Centre for NAEB Bihar, Jharkhand, Sikkim, West , Bengal and UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands Kolkata-700032

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Annexure-II C Centres of Excellence / Autonomous / Associated Agencies etc. of Ministry of Environment and Forests Sl.No. Centres of Excellence Contact Details 1. Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Tel : 079-26858002-09, 26844745 Nehru Foundation for Development, Thaltej Fax : 91-079-26858010 Tekra, Ahmedabad – 380 054 email: [email protected] 2. C.P.R Environmental Education Centre Tel : 044-24346526 (CPREEC),1 A, Eldams Road, Fax : 91-44-24320756 Chennai – 600 018, Tamil Nadu email: [email protected] 3. Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Tel:080-23600382, 23600985 Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Fax:080-23602280, 23601428 Bengaluru – 560 012, Karnataka email: [email protected] 4. Centre for Mining Environment (CME), Indian Tel : 0326-2296624, 2202486 School of Mines, Fax : 0326-2296603, 2203042 Dhanbad – 826 004, Jharkhand email:[email protected] 5. Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural Tel: 0422-2657101-105, 2657086 History (SACON), Kalayampalayam, Fax : 0422 2657088 Coimbatore – 641 010 email:[email protected] 6. Centre for Environmental Management of Telefax: 011-27666237 Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), email : [email protected] School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi – 110 007 7. Madras School of Economics (MSE), Telefax: 044-22352157, 22354847 Gandhi Mandampam Road, Fax. : 044-22352155, 22352155 Chennai – 600 025 email: [email protected] [email protected] 8. Foundation for Revitalization of Tel.: 080-28565847, 8565890, 8565873 Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Fax.: 080-28565895, 8565873 50 MSH Layout, 2nd Stage, email : [email protected] 3rd Main,2nd Cross, http://envis.frlht.org.in Anand Nagar, Bengaluru – 560024 9. Tropical Botanic Garden and Tel : 0472 - 2869246 Research Institute(TBGRI), Fax : 0472-2869646 Pacha Palode, email: [email protected] Thiruvananthapuram – 695562, Kerala 10. Centre for Animals and Environment, Tel.: 080-25530121, 25530304 CARTMAN, Koramangala, 6th Block, email: [email protected] Bengaluru – 550 095, Karnataka Autonomous Agencies a) Environment Wing 1 Central Pollution Control Board, Tel : (011) 22308902, 22301932 Parivesh Bhawan CBD-cum-Office Complex, Fax: (011) 22307233, 22304948 East Arjun Nagar, Delhi - 110 032 email: [email protected]

306 Annual Report 2009-2010

2 Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Himalayan Tel : (05962) 241014 Environment and Development, Kosi - Fax : (05962) 241150 Katarmal,Almora - 263 643, Uttarakhand email: [email protected] b) Forest Wing 1 Indian Institute of Forest Tel : (0755) 775716 Management, P.B. No. 357, Fax: (0755)772878 Nehru Nagar, Bhopal - 462 003 email:[email protected] 2 Indian Plywood Industries Tel : (080) 8394231, 8394232 Research and Training Institute, Fax : 91-80-8396361 P.B. No. 2273, Tumkur Road, email: [email protected] Bengaluru - 560 022 3 Indian Council of Forestry Tel : (0135)757021 Research and Education Fax: (0135)756865 P.O. New Forests email: [email protected] Dehradun - 248 006 Research Institutes

1 Forest Research Institute Tel : (0135) 755277 P.O. New Forests, Fax: (0135) 756865 Dehradun - 248 006 email : [email protected] 2 Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Forest College Campus Tel : (0422) 431540, 435541 P.B. No.1061, R.S. Puram H.P.O. Fax : (0422) 430549 Coimbatore - 641 002 email: ifgcb@ sathyam.net.in 3 Institute of Wood Tel : (080) 3341731 Science and Technology, Fax : (080) 3340529 18th Cross, Malleswaram, email:[email protected] Bengaluru - 560 003 4 Arid Forest Research Institute, Tel: (0291)2722549 New Pali Road, Fax: (0291) 2722764 Jodhpur – 342 005, Rajasthan email: [email protected] http://www.afri.res.in 5 Tropical Forest Research Institute P.O. RFRC, Mandla Road, Tel : (0761) 322585 Jabalpur - 482 021 Rajasthan Fax: (0761) 321759 email: [email protected] Tel : 0376-322052, 322054 6 Rain Forest Research Institute P.B. No. 136, Fax: (0376) 322052 Deovan Jorhat - 785 001, Assam email : [email protected] 7 Himalayan Forests Research Institute Tel : (0177) 2626778 Shimla - 171 009, Fax: (0177) 2626779 Himachal Pradesh email : [email protected]

8 Institute of Forest Productivity Tel :(0651) 208234 Ranchi - 834 001, Madhya Pradesh Fax: (0651) 208234 email : [email protected]

307 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Centres

1 Centre for Social Forestry & Tel : (0532) 609037 Eco-rehabilitation Fax: (0532) 609037 Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh email : [email protected] 2 Centre for Forestry Research & Human Tel: (07162) 43237 Resource Development, Nagpur Road, Chhindwara-480001 3 Forest Research Centre F-105, 1st Floor, Sri Ranga Towers Sardar Nagar, Safilguda, Hyderabad-500004 email : [email protected] 4 Advanced Centre for Bamboo and Rattan P.B. No. 136, Deovan, Jorhat-785001, Assam email : [email protected]

c) Wildlife Wing

1 Wildlife Institute of India, Tel : (0135) 640112-115 P.B. No. 18, Chandrabani, Fax:(0135) 640117 Dehradun - 248 001 email: [email protected]

2 Central Zoo Authority Tel : 011-23381585 Bikaner House, Annexe VI Fax : 011-23386012 Shahjahan Road , New Delhi - 110011 email : [email protected] http://envfor.nic.in/cza Subordinate Offices a)Environment Wing

1 Botanical Survey of India Tel : 033-23346040/4963 CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Fax : 033-23215631 DF Block, Sector 1, Salt Lake City, email : [email protected] Kolkata – 700 064

2 Zoological Survey of India Tel : (033) 24006893, 24003383 M-Block, New Alipur, Fax : (033) 24006893 Kolkata - 700 053 email: [email protected] 3 National Museum of Natural History, Tel : (011) 3314932 FICCI Building, Barakhamba Road, Fax : (011) 3314932 New Delhi - 110 001 http://www.nmnh.org Regional Centres of ZSI

1. The Officer In Charge, Tel.:0364-223638, 226495 Zoological Survey of India, Fax:0364-226495 Eastern Regional Station, Fruit Garden,Risha Colony, Shillong-793003, Meghalaya.

308 Annual Report 2009-2010

2. The Officer In Charge, Tel.:020-7652564, 7651927, Zoological Survey of India, 5880054(R) Western Regional Station, Fax:020-7652564 Vidya Nagar, Sector 29, PB No. 3053, PCNTDA Post, Near Akurdi Rly, Station, Pune-411044, Maharashtra.

3. The Officer In Charge, Tel.:0135-758349, 758362(0/C), Zoological Survey of India, 54939(O),758362 Northern Regional Station, Fax:0135- 671826 218 Kaulagarh Road, P.O : IPE, Dehradun-248195, U. P.

4. The Officer In Charge, Tel.:0761-315592 Zoological Survey of India, Central Regional Station, 424, New Adarsh Colony, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Jabalpur-482002, Madya Pradesh.

5. The Officer In Charge, Tel.:0291-750408 Zoological Survey of India, Desert Regional Station, Pali Road, Jhalamand, Jodhpur-342001, Rajasthan.

6. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 4942898, 4943255 Zoological Survey of India, Fax. : 044-4942898 Southern Regional Station, 100, Santhome High Road, Chennai-600028, Tamil Nadu.

7. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 0360-203652, Zoological Survey of India, 2203653(R) Arunachal Pradesh Field Station,m, Fax : 0360-20652 Senkhi Valley, Post Box No. 112, Itanagar-791113, Arunachal Pradesh.

8. The Officer In Charge, Zoological Survey of India, Tel. : 670686, 350332 Gangetic Plains Regional Station, Handloom Bhawan(4thFL.), Rajendra Nagar, Patna-800016, Bihar.

9. The Officer In Charge, Zoological Survey of India, Tel. : 66310, 66311, Marine Aquarium Cum Research Centre, 66312, 66463(R) Digha, District: Midnapore-741428,West Bengal.

309 Ministry of Environment & Forests

10. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 01792-20413, 24483, Zoological Survey of India, 09816024105 High Altitude Zoology Field Station, (Mobile) 23174(R) Opposite Saproon Gurudwar, Fax : 01792-21060 Saproon, Solan-173211

11. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 4942680, 4943191, Zoological Survey of India, 4450853(R) Marine Biological Station, Fax : 044-4942680 100, Santhome High Road, Chennai-600028, Tamil Nadu.

12. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 03192-3314830115(R), Zoological Survey of India, 33157(R), Andaman and Nicobar Reg. Station, Fax : 03192-30115 Port Blair-7441002, Andaman.

13. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 040-7603514, Zoological Survey of India, 4800620(R) Biological Station, Fax : 040-7634662 1-1-300/B, Ashok Nagar, Hyderabad-500020, Andhra Pradesh.

14. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 9118-5521 Zoological Survey of India, (Local Call From Calcutta), Sunderbans Field Reg. Station, 033-4550651 Canning-743329, Fax : 03128-55211 Dist: 24 Parganas(S), West Bengal.

15. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 0680-206894, Zoological Survey of India, 202676(R) Estuarine Biological Station, Fax : 0680-200637 Hill Patna, Behrampur-760005, Orissa.

16. The Officer In Charge, Tel. : 0495-357884(R) Zoological Survey of India, Telefax : 0495-701928 Western Ghats, Field Res. Stn., Kamala Buildings, Ist Floor, Annie Hall Road, Kozikode-673002, Kerala.

Regional Centres of BSI

1. Botanical Survey of India TeleFax: 0532 2250179 India, Central Circle, 10, Chatham Lines, Phone : 0532 2441192 Allahabad- 211002, Uttar Pradesh. Fax: 0135-2757951

2. Botanical Survey of India Phone: 0135-2753433 Northern Circle, 192 , Kaulgarh Road, Dehra Fax: 0291 2741736 Dun- 248195 , Uttarakhand

310 Annual Report 2009-2010

3. Botanical Survey of India Phone: 0291 2747163 775/80, Subhas Nagar, Khema Ka Kuan, P.O Nandavan, Jodhpur- 342008, Rajasthan

4. Botanical Survey of India Phone : 26122125 Western Circle, 7, Fax (020 26124139 Koregaon Road, Pune- 411001, Fax: 0422 2432835 Maharashtra

5. Botanical Survey of India Phone: 2432788,2432487 Southern Circle, T.N.A.U. Campurs, Fax: (0364 2224119 Lawlay Road, P.O. Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.

6. Botanical Survey of India Phone : 0364 2223971, 2223618 Eastern Circle , Woodlands, Laithmukrta, Fax: 0360 2211713 Shillong – 793003

7. Botanical Survey of India Phone: 0360 2212405 Arunachal Field Station, Sankie View, Fax: 03192 230120 Itanagar – 791111, Arunachal Pradesh

8. Botanical Survey of India Phone: 03192 233224 Andaman & Nicobar Circle, Fax: 03592 204717 P.O. No. 692, Haddo, Port Blair-744102.

9. Botanical Survey of India Phone 202789 Sikkim Himalayan Circle, Below Rajbhawan Campus, P.O. Rajbhawan, Gangtok – 737103, Sikkim

10. Botanical Survey of India Tel:(0422) 2435987, Decan Circle, M.: 098668849872 Zoological Survey of India Campus, Plot No. 366/1, Attapur, Hyderguda post, Hyderabad - 500 048 b) Forest Wing 1. Forest Survey of India, Tel:(0135) 756139, 755037 Kaulagarh Road, P.O. IPE, Fax:(0135) 759104 Dehradun-248195 email: [email protected]

2. Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy Tel : (0135)2754647 P.O. New Forests, Fax: (0135) 2757314 Dehradun - 248 006 email: [email protected]

3. Directorate of Forest Education Tel: (0135) 757326 P.O. New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006, UP Fax : (0135) 757326

311 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Regional Offices of Forest Survey of India

1. Regional Director (Central Zone) Tel : 0172-2510194 (O), Forest Survey of India, Central Zone 2511309 (R) C.G.O. Complex, Block ‘A’, email: [email protected] Seminary Hills, Nagpur-440006 2. Regional Director (Eastern Zone) Tel : 033-24752812 (O) Forest Survey of India, 97/1B, 24483377 (R), 9830054124 (M) Hazra Road Fax : 033-24752812 (2nd Floor), Kolkata – 700026 email: [email protected]

3. Regional Director (SZ) Tel : 080-25520136 Forest Survey of India, 8th Floor, B-Wing, Fax : 080-25520136 Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, email: [email protected] Bengaluru - 34

4. Regional Director (North Zone) Tel : 0177-2658285 Forest Survey of India, North Zone, Fax : 0177-2655572 Himlok Parisar, “Shivalik Khand”, Batsley Longwood, Shimla - 171001, Himachal Pradesh c) Wildlife Wing

1. Director, Tel : (011) 4619825 National Zoological Park, Fax : (011) 4602408 Mathura Road, New Delhi - 110 003 Regional Offices 1. Wildlife Preservation Tel : (022) 8230666 Western Region, 11 Air Cargo Complex Fax: (022)8230666 Sahar, Mumbai - 400 099 2. Wildlife Preservation Tel : (033) 2478698 Eastern Region, Nizam Palace, Fax : (033) 2478698 6th Floor, M.S. Building, 234/4, A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata - 700 020

3. Wildlife Preservation Tel : (011) 3384456 Northern Region, Bikaner House, Fax: (011) 3384456 ShahjahanRoad, New Delhi - 110 011 Wildlife Preservation 4. Tel : (044) 4916747 Southern Region, C-2/A, Rajaji Bhawan, Fax: (044)4916747 Basant Nagar, C.G.O. Complex, Chennai - 600 090 Public Sector Undertaking 1 Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forests and Tel : (03192) 20261, 20752 Plantation Development Corporation Ltd. Fax : (03192) 21254 Van Vikas Bhawan, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

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Annexure-III LIST OF PROJECTS SANCTIONED DURING 2009-2010 Environment Research Programme (ERP) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute

1. Development of Environmentally benign process Dr. P.G. Rao,North-East Institute of Science technology for extraction of Natural Dye of North- & Technology, Eastern Region Jorhat-785006, Assam

2. Phytoremediation of Saline soils by a Novel Dr. Amit C. Kharkwal, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza- like Fungus for value Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, addition and growth promotion of selected Amity University Uttar Pradesh, medicinal plants. Sector-125, Expressway, Noida-201301

3. Phyto-remediation using mangrove species for Dr. P. Mullai,Department of Technology, sustainable water quality in Uppanar Esturary of Annamalai University, Cuddalore district, TamilNadu –A novel approach. Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu

4. Incubation Studies on the effect of soil and Dr. Gautam Roy Chaudhury,Institute of environmental parameters on formation and Minerals and Materials Technology, emission of nitrous oxide. Bhubaneswar-751013, Orissa

5. Study of pesticide pollution in Karnataka through Dr. V. Sivaram,Department of Botany, honeybees and their products as bioindicators Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka

6. Mono-and bi-metallic nanoparticles adsorbed on Dr. Praveen Kumar Tandon,Department of solid support : A cost effective and efficient way for Chemistry, University of treatment of industrial effluents and contaminated Allahabad,Allahabad-211002, Uttar surface water Pradesh (U.P)

7. Treatment of petroleum refinery waste water in Dr. Indra Deo Mall,Department of sequencing batch reactor Chemical Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand

8. Development of new pesticide delivery devices for Dr. D.K. Sharma, Department of remediation of Environmental pollution. Chemistry, H.P. University, Summer Hill, Shimla-171005. Himachal Pradesh (H.P)

9. Impact assessment of continuous fertilization on Dr. Tapan Adhikari,Indian Institute of Soil heavy metals and microbial diversity in soils under Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, long term fertilizer experiment. Bhopal-462038

10. Development of technology for biodegradable Dr. S P Agrawal,Director & Head, nursery pots Organic Building, Material Division, Central building research institute, Roorkee-247667

313 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 11. Utilization of ants as bio-indicators to monitor Dr.(Mrs.) Neelkamal Rastogi,Centre of environmental pollution in spoils of coal mines and Advanced Study, Deptt. of Zoology, red mud dumps of Aluminum smelters. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005.

12. Development of molecular markers for the Dr. Karam V. Singh,Desert Medicine identification of biological forms of Anopheles Research Centre, Indian Council of stephensi prevalent in arid areas of Rajasthan. Medical Science,New Pali Road, Jodhpur-342005, Rajasthan

13. Environmental and socio-economic externalities of Dr. C. Sekar,Agricultural Engineering land Degradation the Nilgris Mountain of College and Research Institute, Post Tamil Nadu Harvest Technology Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003

14. Effects of pollutants on the Biodiversity river Jhelum Dr. Mohammad Farooq Mir, Post with special emphasis on cold water fisheries Graduate Department of Environment & Science / Hydrology, Faculty of Science, S.P. College, Srinagar-190001 (J&K)

15. Environmental concentration of microbial polyester Dr. R.M. Murugappan,Department of as potential bioindicators of pollution and their Zoology, Unit of Industrial Microbiology degradation studies. Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, Tamil Nadu.

16. Assessment of Exposure to Toluene disocyanate Dr. S. Raghavan,National Institute of (TDI) among polyurethane from industry workers Occupational Health (NIOH), Post Box No. 2031, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad- 380016, Gujarat

17. Persistent organic pollutants(POPs) in sediments Dr. T. Jeyakumar,Chemistry Section and food web of tropical mangrove ecosystem at (FEAT), Annamalai University, Annamalai Pichavaram, South India Nagar -608002 Tamil Nadu

18. Impact of Diesel Oil Pollution on Freshwater Dr. Apurba Ratan Ghosh, Department of Aquaculture and its Possible Bioremediation by Environmental Science, The University of Microorganisms Burdwan, Burdwan – 713104 (W.B.)

19. Bryophytes-tool for National Multi -Elemental Dr. Dinesh K. Saxena,Department of atmoshperic survey of 100 years Botany, P.G. D. Environment Management Bareilly, Bareilly College Bareilly-243005, Uttar Pradesh (U.P)

20. Cellular/molecular mechanisms involved for Dr. Meetu Gupta,Deptt. of Biosciences, arsenic detoxification and tolerance in rice and Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025 Indian mustard varieties

314 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 21. Assessment of anthropogenic activities on soil / Dr. Jibon Kotoky,Institute of Advanced water and certain medicinal plants species in and Study in Science & Technology (IASST), around Bharalu river in Guwahati city Paschim Boragaon, Vigyan Garchuk, Guwahati-781035, Assam

22. Development of new environment friendly Dr. Rajkishore Patel,Department of adsorption media and its value added application Chemistry,National Institute of Technology, for removal of hazardous anions from water. Rourkela-769008, Orissa

23. Modeling of environmental emission and design Dr. S.P. Sivapirakasam,Department of and development of fuzzy controlled Fume Mechanical Engineering,National Institute extraction system for electric discharge machining of Technology, -620015, process. Tamil Nadu

24. Study on macro-fungal diversity in forest litter and Prof. Sujata Chaudhuri,Deptt. of Botany, screening their ligninolytic properties to explore the University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, feasibility of using litter-decomposing fungi as Dt. Nadia, West Bengal bioremediants.

25. Occurrence and impact of endocrine disrupting Dr. P. Subramanian,Department of Animal substances in the chosen fin and shell fishes of Sciences, Bharathidasan University, south-east cost of India Tiruchirappalli-620024, Tamil Nadu

26. Abatement of F2 using fluidized Bed Dr. (Mrs.) Abanti Sahoo,Department of Chemical Engineering,NIT, Rourkela- 769008, Orissa

27. Impact of stone mining on water quality of Tlawng Dr. B.P. Mishra,Department of Forest river in Mizoram: Strategy for management of river Ecology Biodiversity & Environmental water through eco-restoration of abandoned mine Sciences, Mizoram University, areas. Aizawl-796 009. Manipur

28. Metallothionein Gene, a molecular biomarker for Dr. Balu T. Kuzhievelil,Department of Heavy Metal Pollution and management Zoology, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala-680125. Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 1. Algal Flora from different habitats of Central Dr. Farishta Yasmin ,Senior Lecturar in Assam and Conservation of Collected Strains Botany Deptt. of Botany, Nowgong College P.o. Nagaon, Assam-782 001.

2. An analytical study of JFM program for evolving Dr. P. Bhattacharya, Faculty, Technical strategy for its revival in Madhya Pradesh and Forestry, Indian Institute of Forest Chhattisgarh State Management, P.B. No. 357, Bhopal-462 003.

315 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 3. Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Selected Dr. M.K. Rai, Professor & HeadDeptt. of Medicinal Plants of Melghat Forest Biotechnology, Sant Gadgebaba Amravati UniversityAmravati-444602, Maharashtra

4. Assessment of Bryo-diversity in Uttarakhan, Dr. Geeta Asthana, ReaderDpett. Of Western Himalaya Botany, University of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 1. Dung specificity, Guild structure, seasonality Shri Sabu K. ThomasPost Graduate & and Species composition of Dung beetles Research Deptt. of Zoology, St. (Coleoptera: scarabaeinae) associated with Josephs’s College, Devagiri, the dung droppings of major mammals Calicut-673 008, Kerala. (Elephnt, Gaur, , Deer and ) and composition of Arboreal dung bettles in the wet and dry forests of the Western Ghats

2. Biodiversity of Predatory Hemipteran Insects Dr. K. SahayarajDeptt. of Advanced in Southern Western Ghats and their utility in Zoology and Biotechnology, St. Biological Control Xavier’s college (Autonomous), Palayamkottai-627002, Tamil Nadu. Policy Research

1. Distribution of benefits and Costs among Dr. R S Prasher stakeholders of a Protected Area : An empiri- Regional Horticultural Research Station, cal study of Great Himalayan National Park Jachh (Nurpur), (GHNP) in Kullu (HP) Dist. Kangra–176201 (H. P.)

National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 1. Forests in Carbon Sequestration: Estimating Dr. P.V. Karunakaran, Director, Carbon Sequestration Potential using Remote Natural Resource Management, Sensing and GIS Centre for Environment and Development, Thozhuvancode, Vattiyoorkavu P.O., Thiruvananthapuram-695013, Kerala 2. To develop a protected area. Information Dr. G. AreendranWorld Wide Fund for management system in Namdapha National Nature – India,Lodhi Road, Park Mauling National Park Mehao Sanctuary New Delhi-110003 and D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary – Arunachal Pradesh using Remote Sensing of GIS Technology

316 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 3. Mapping of Non-Timber Forest Produce using Dr. V.K. Srivastava,RS&GIS Application Remote Sensing and GIS Area, National Remote Sensing Agency (Department of Space), Balanagar, Hyderabad-500037, Andhra Pradesh

4. Monitoring of Arsenic in Ground Water of Ballia Dr. Imran Ali,Department of Chemistry, District, Uttar Pradesh Using Remote Sensing Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025 and GIS Techniques.

5. Use of Remote Sensing and GIS for urban solid Prof. Anjana Vyas,Centre for Research waste disposal (Identification of Dumping site and Development Unit (CRDU), CEPT, K.L. and optimal transportation Route Modeling) Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad- 380009, Gujarat

6. Landslide hazard zonation of Kalingpung Dr. P.K. Paul, subdivision of West Bengal and creation of a Department of Mining Engineering, portal to upload Landslide hazard map and all Bengal Engineering and Science other maps created using open GIS University, Shibpur, Howrah-711103, West Bengal

7. Forest Encroachment in Karnataka – A two Dr. R.K. Somashekhar,Department of decadal analysis using RS and GIS Environmental Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka 8. Development of Forest Fire Management System Dr. Laxmi Kant Sharma in Shimla Forest Division in Himachal Pradesh Department of Remote Sensing (India) Using Geospatial Information System Birla Institute of Technology Impact of Glacier Recession on the Vegetative Mesra-835215, Ranchi Biosphere Reserve Scheme Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Organization

Cover of the Valley of Flowers, Uttarakhand Dr. Laxmi Kant Sharma,Department of 1. Himalaya Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra-835215, Ranchi

National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Organization

1. Geo-Environmental analysis of Vellayani Lake, Dr. V.SobhaUniversity of Kerala Kerala southwest India University of Kerala

2. Nematode faunal diversity and community Prof. (Dr.) Qudsia Tahseen, Reader in structure: indicators of he the environmental Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University conditions at at Agra”

3. Environmental Resources Research Dr.M.P.Nayar, Centre, , Kerala Kozhicode, Kerala

317 Ministry of Environment & Forests

National River Conservation Plan S. No. Name of the Project/ Scheme Name of the Town/ City

Haryana 1. Common Reforms Implementation Programme Faridabad (YAP-II)

Maharashtra 2. Sewage Treatment Plant (76 mld) Kolhapur, (ORCP)

Madhya Pradesh 3. Low Cost Sanitation Chitrakut (ORCP) 4. Interception & Diversion Chitrakut (ORCP) 5. Land Acquisition Chitrakut (ORCP) 6. Public Awareness & Participation Chitrakut (ORCP) 7. River Front Development Chitrakut (ORCP) 8. Sewage Treatment Plant (4.7 mld) Chitrakut (ORCP) 9. Improved Wood Crematoria Chitrakut (ORCP)

Rajasthan 10. Sewage Treatment Plant (30 & 6 mld) and I & D KOTA (ORCP)

Sikkim 11. STP and Rehabilitation of Sewer Main(Bye Pass) Gangtok (ORCP)

Tamil Nadu 12. Interception & Diversion Thanjavur (ORCP)

Uttarakhand 13. Interception & Diversion Deo Prayag (S/C Towns) 14. Sewage Treatment Plant (1.4 mld) Deo Prayag (S/C Towns) 15. Interception & Diversion Karan Prayag (S/C Towns) 16. Interception & Diversion Rudra Prayag (S/C Towns) 17. Sewage Treatment Plant (3.0 mld) Rudra Prayag (S/C Towns)

West Bengal 18. River Front Development (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 19. Seven Ghat (bank of ) Barrackpore (GAP-II) , (Main Stem) 20. River Front Development Biadyabati (GAP-II) , (Main Stem) 21. Electric Crematoria (S/C Towns) 22. Lifting Station for Pollution Abatement Tolly’s Nallah(GAP-II) , (Main Stem)

YAP  Yamuna Action Plan ORCP  Other River Conservation Plan S/C Towns  Supreme Court Order Towns GAP-II  Ganga Action Plan Phase-II (Main Stem)

318 Annual Report 2009-2010

National Lake Conservation Plan S. No. Lake State Sanctioned cost(in Rs. crore)

1. Three lakes of Bangalore namely Vengaiahkere, Nagavara and Jarganahalli Karnataka 11.48 2. Bellandur lake, Bangalore -do- 5.54 3. Kotekere lake, Belgaum -do- 5.64 4. Bhishma lake, Gadag -do- 2.50 5. Lal Bagh, Bangalore -do- 1.66 6. Channapatna lake, Hasan -do- 4.97 7. Sharanbhasveshwara lake, Gulbarga -do- 4.89 8. Akkamahadevi lake, Haveri -do- 2.64 9. Kundawada lake, Davangere -do- 3.41 10. Kote Tavarekere lake, Chikmagalur -do- 3.64 11. Tripuranthkeshwar lake, Bidar -do- 4.67 12. Gowramma & Hambalmba -do- 4.77 13. Amanikere -do- 13.37 14. Banjara lake, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 4.30 15. Powai lake, Mumbai Maharashtra 6.62 16. Nine lakes in Thane -do- 2.53 17. Mahalaxmi lake, Vadagaon -do- 1.85 18. Rankala lake, Kolhapur -do- 8.65 19. Varhala Devi lake, Bhiwandi -do- 4.60 20. Sidheshwar -do- 4.32 21. Mansagar lake, Jaipur Rajasthan 24.72 22. Anasagar lake, Ajmer -do- 15.28 23. Pushkar -do- 48.37 24. Fatehsagar -do- 41.86 25. Pichola Lake, System, Udaipur Rajasthan 84.75 26. Tamil Nadu 1.75 27. , -do- 10.42 28. Three lakes of Agartala Tripura 2.02 29. Four lakes in Nainital Uttarakhand 16.85 30. Nainital lake, Nainital -do- 47.97 31. Rabindra Sarovar West Bengal 6.96 32. Mirik lake, Darjeeling -do- 4.01 33. Adi Ganga -do- 24.94 34. Dal lake, Sri Nagar J&K 298.76 35. Veli Akkulum lake, Thiruvananthpuram Kerala 24.56 36. Bindu Sagar lake, Bhubaneshwar Orissa 3.50 37. Rani talab, Rewa Madhya Pradesh 3.31 38. Sagar lake, Sagar -do- 21.33 39. Shivpuri Lakes (Jadav Sagar, Chandpatha), Shivpuri -do- 51.99 40. Mansi Ganga lake, Govardhan, Mathura Uttar Pradesh 22.71 41. Twin Lakes in Mokokchung Nagaland 25.83 Total 883.94

319 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-IV LIST OF PROJECTS COMPLETED DURING 2009-2010 Environment Research Programme (ERP) Sl.No. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute

1. Exploitation of Cyanobacteria for metal binding, Dr. Nirupama Malick, Agriculture and detoxification and metal removal from Aquatic Food Engineering Department, IIT, Ecosystems. Kharagpur-721302

2. Phyto-removal of heavy metals from industrial Dr. Padma S. Vankar, Indian Institute of effluents Technology, Kanpur, 302, Southern Laboratories Kanpur-208016, U.P.

3. Geo-chemical assessment of fluoride content in Dr. P. Kotaky, North-East Institute of rock/soil/water systems in Karbianglong Science and Technology (Earlier RRL), District, Assam Jorhat-785006, Assam

4. Traditional Methods of Water Harvesting and its Dr. Jai Bharat Singh, Government Dungar Impact on Environment in Bikaner District, Rajasthan College, Bikaner-334003, Rajasthan

5. NAT2 gene polymorphism (RELP) in urinary bladder Dr. A.K. Mandal, Department of mucosa due to environmental pollutant exposure. Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002

6. Utilisation of agricultural waste for the development Dr. Japes Bera, Department of Ceramic of useful advanced ceramics. Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, Orissa Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS) Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & Institute

1. Biodiversity studies of Orthoptera in Kaziranga Dr. (Mrs.) Nizara D. Bharthakur/Dr. N. National Park, Assam” Senthilkumar,Rain Forest Research Institute, P.B. No. 136, Deovan, Sotai, Jorhat-785001.

2. 14/40/2002-ERS/RE Status, Ecology and Dr. Jamal A. KhanWildlife Society of Conservation of striped Hyena (Hyaena hyaena) in India, Department of Wildlife Sciences, and Sanctuary Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202 002

3. Diversity and ecology of mites infesting medicinal Dr. Goutam Kumar SahaReader in plants of West Bengal ZoologyUniversity of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700 019.

320 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & Institute 4. Ecology and Biocontrol potential of the “Giant Prof. B.K. AgarwalaDeptt. Of Life Coccinellid Predators of Aphids”. Sciences, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar-799130, Tripura(W).

5. Studies on ecosystem level changes following the Dr. F. LalnunmawaiDeptt. of Forestry, gregarious flowering of Melocanna baccifera in Mizoram UniversityTanhril Campus, Mizoram”. Aizawal-796009.Mizoram

6. Diversity and distribution of Asterinaceous fungi in Dr. V.B. HosagoudarMicrobiology India. DivisionTropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute Palode, Thiruvananthapuram -695 562, Kerala

7. Restoration of certain Mining sites of Gujarat by Dr. Arun AryaReader in Botany application of VAM fungi Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara- 390002. Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP) Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & Institute

1. Chemical loading into reservoirs: Investigation from Dr. M.N. Muraleedharan Nair, CSD, selected watersheds of Periyar river in Western Centre for Earth Science, Studies,. P.B. Ghatsm, Kerala No. 7250, Akkulam, Thirvananthapuram-695031

2. Bioecology of spiders in Western Ghats of Kerala Dr. P.A. Sabastian, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Cochin-682013, Kerala

3. A Study on the Herpetofaunal Communities of the Dr. S. Bhupathy, Upper vaigai Plateau Western Ghats, India Salim Ali Centre for Ornothology & Natural History (SACON), Anaikatty, Coimbatore-641108, Tamil Nadu

4. Herbivorous fauna associated with some Dr. R.W. Alexander Jesusasan, ferns of Western Ghats of Southern India Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Chennai-600059

5. Ecosystem structure and dynamism, biodiversity, Dr. K.K.N. Nair, Kerala Forest Research human dimensions and their linkages of Eringole Institute , Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala-680653 Sacred Grove in the Western Ghats of India

6. Need for conserving forest canopies-Assessing the Shri Y.B. Srinivasa, Institute of Wood diversity of canopy insects in the Western Ghats Science and Technology, 18th Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore-560003

321 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & Institute 7. Tolerance of indigenous forest species to degraded Dr. M.P. Sujatha, Kerala Forest Research Lateritic soils of Kerala Institute, Peechi, Kerala-680653

8. Taxonomy Studies on family Noctuoidea: Dr. Jagbir Singh, Department of Zoology, Lepidoptera) from Western Ghats of India Punjabi University, Patiala-147002

9. Biodiversity of mites associated with insects in Dr. K. Ramaraju, Centre for Plant Western Ghats Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641003

10. Ecology of Co-existing owls, Spotted owlet (Owlet Dr. R. Santhana Krishnan, Deptt. Of (Athene brama) and Barn owl (Tyto alba) in Zoology, Saraswathi Narayaranan Madurai District Tamil Nadu South India College, Madurai-625022

11. Studies on the biodiversity of hyphomycetes in dry Dr. B.S. Vijayakumar, Sri Satya Sai deciduous forest soils and litters of semi-arid tropical Institute of Higher Learning, areas of the Puttaparthy Mandal, Ananthapur Prasanthinilayam-515134.Andhra District Pradesh.

12. Establishment of in-vitro gene bank Nothopodytes Dr. D.H. Tejavathi, Prof. of Botany, foetida(Wt.) Sleumer-Threatened species of Western Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056 Ghats Policy Research Project Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 1. Corporate Environmental responsibility and the Prof. P. D. Jose, Indian Institute of Market: study of Indian manufacturing firms. Management (IIM), Bengaluru -560076, Karnataka

2. Formulation of a Sui-Generis Regime for traditional Prof. P. PushapangadanInstitute for Herbal knowledge (Ethnobilogy) and Biotech Product Development, Triruvanthapuram -695005, Kerala

3. Societal Risks “Policy for Managing Societal Risks Prof. A. Damodaran, Indian Institute of in India”. Management (IIM), Bengaluru -560076, Karnataka National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Principal Investigator & Institute 1. Forest Type Mapping of India’s Forest Dr. Subhash Ashutosh, Joint Director,Forest Survey of India, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun-248195, Uttarakhand

2. Snow and Glacier Studies Dr. Ajai, Group Director,Space Application Centre, Ambawadi Vistar P.O., Ahmadabad-380015

322 Annual Report 2009-2010

Biosphere Reserves

Sl.No. Title of the project Name of Organization

1. Macrofungal Biodiversity of Nanda Devi Biosphere Punjab University, Chandigarh – 160 014 Reserve and it’s in vitro conservation

2. Studies on the animal habitat interaction in the Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun buffer zone of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve

3. Study on the biodiversity of Agaricales at University of Calcutta, Kolkata. Sikkim Himalaya

National River Conservation Directorate Projects completed during 01-04-2009 to 31-10-2009 S. No. Name of the Project/ Scheme Name of the Town/ City Haryana 1. Additional Sewerage Works Faridabad (YAP-II) 2. Sewer Lines (Phase-II/ Stage-II) Karnal (YAP-II) 3. Sewer Lines (Phase-II/ Stage-II) Panipat (YAP-II) 4. Additional Sewerage Works Panipat (YAP-II) 5. Sewer Line (Phase-II/ Stage-II) Yamunanagar-Jagdhari (YAP-II) 6. Additional Sewerage Works Yamunanagar-Jagdhari (YAP-II) Karnataka 7. Sewage Treatment Plant Nanjangud (ORCP) Uttar Pradesh 8. River Front Development Lucknow ( Gomti-II) Uttarakhand 9. Interception & Diversion (Part-II) Sri-Nagar (S/C Towns) West Bengal 10. Lifting Station-I Asansol (DAP) 11. Sewage Treatment Plant (Zone-B) 13.17 mld Asansol (DAP) 12. Sewage Treatment Plant (5.90 mld) Barrackpore (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 13. Electricity Crematoria (Madhyagram) Bansberia (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 14. STP ( mld) Budge-Budge (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 15. Sewage Treatment Plant Budge-Budge (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 16. Afforestation Kharda (Extended), (S/C Towns) 17. Sewage Treatment Plant (a) Naihati, (S/C Towns) 18. Sewage Treatment Plant (b) Naihati, (S/C Towns) 19. Sewage Treatment Plant Naihati, (S/C Towns) 20. Interception and Diversion Rishra, (GAP-II), (Main Stem) 21. Lifting Station (A) Rishra, (GAP-II), (Main Stem)

NRCP  National River Conservation Plan S/C Towns  Supreme Court Order Towns GAP-II  Ganga Action Plan Phase-II DAP  Damodar Action Plan

323 Ministry of Environment & Forests

ANNEXURE-V STATE-WISE AND TOWN-WISE DETAILS OF APPROVED COST (CCEA), SANCTIONED COST AND EXPENDITURE IN 167 TOWNS UNDER NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION PLAN

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

I ANDHRA PRADESH 1 Bhadrachalam 1 Godavari 200.70 2 Mancherial Godavari 231.30 3 Rajamundry Godavari 2178.60 4 Ramagundam Godavari 574.55 5 Hyderabad 2 Musi 33565.53 Sub Total : 36750.68

II BIHAR 6 Arrah 3 Ganga 34.25 7 Barahya Ganga 40.48 8 Barh Ganga 18.90 9 Bhagalpur Ganga 20.09 10 Buxar Ganga 7.63 11 Chapra Ganga 0.00 12 Fatwah Ganga 18.02 13 Hazipur Ganga 0.00 14 Kahelgaon Ganga 0.00 15 Mokamah Ganga 0.00 16 Munger Ganga 40.30 17 Patna Ganga 178.07 18 Sultanganj Ganga 37.43 Sub Total : 395.18

III DELHI 19 Delhi 4 Yamuna 18064.08 YAP-II Yamuna 46935.45 Sub Total 64999.53

324 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

IV GOA 20 Panaji 5 Mandovi 1409.52 Sub Total 1409.52

V GUJARAT 21 Ahemadabad 6 Sabarmati 10195.87 Sub Total : 10195.87 VI HARYANA 22 Yamuna 104.79 23 Faridabad Yamuna 7573.57 24 Gharaunda Yamuna 141.27 25 Gohana Yamuna 347.51 26 Gurgaon Yamuna 2764.64 27 Indri Yamuna 136.88 28 Karnal Yamuna 2493.94 29 Palwal Yamuna 1054.19 30 Panipat Yamuna 4351.02 31 Radaur Yamuna 108.86 32 Sonepat Yamuna 2263.40 33 Yamunanagar-Jagdri Yamuna 2880.22 YAP-II Yamuna 6342.97 Sub Total: 30563.26

VII JHARKHAND 34 Ghatshila 7 Subarnarekha 68.02 35 Jamshedpur Subarnarekha 174.52 36 Ranchi Subarnarekha 133.07 37 Bokaro-Kangali 8 Damodar 9.87 38 Chirkunda Damodar 0.00 39 Dugdha Damodar 0.00 40 Jharia Damodar 0.00

325 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

41 Ramgarh Damodar 16.17 42 Sahebganj Ganga 20.67 43 Sindri Damodar 0.00 44 Sudamdih Damodar 9.87 45 Telmachu Damodar 5.53 Sub Total : 437.73

VIII KARNATAKA 46 Bhadravati 9 Bhadra 376.98 47 Davangere 10 Tungabhadra 466.05 48 Harihara Tungabhadra 249.94 49 K.R.Nagar 11 Cauvery 57.80 50 Kollegal Cauvery 108.65 51 Nanjangud Cauvery 223.86 52 Shimoga 12 Tunga 370.38 53 Cauvery 144.01 54 Bangalore 13 Pennar 4627.00 Sub Total : 6624.67

IX KERALA 55 Pamba 14 Pamba 1844.98 Sub Total : 1844.98

X MADHYA PRADESH 56 Bhopal 15 Betwa 339.32 57 Burhanpur 16 Tapti 481.47 58 Chapara 17 Wainganga 39.85 59 Indore 18 Khan 4019.20 60 Jabalpur 19 Narmada 133.85 61 Keolari Wainganga 36.16 62 Mandideep Betwa 36.13

326 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

63 Nagda 20 Chambal 310.79 64 Seoni Wainganga 25.10 65 Ujjain 21 Kshipra 1804.96 66 Vidisha Betwa 447.47 67 Hoshangabad Narmada 1299.07 68 Rewa 22 Beehar 1944.00 69 Chitrakut 23 Mandakini 620.42 Sub Total : 11537.83

XI MAHARASHTRA 70 Karad 23 Krishna 318.72 71 Nanded Godavari 1346.76 72 Nashik Godavari 6201.76 73 Sangli Krishna 2555.27 74 Trimbakeshwar Godavari 1164.00 75 Prakkasha 24 Tapi 244.43 76 Kolhapur 27 Panchganga 7429.00 Sub Total : 19259.94

XII NAGALAND 77 Dimapur 25 Diphu and Dhansiri 3174.00 Sub Total : 3174.00

XIII ORISSA 78 Chandbali 26 Brahamini 34.90 79 Cuttack 27 Mahanadi 804.30 80 Dharamshala Brahamini 19.63 81 Talcher Brahamini 370.20 82 Puri Coastal Area 8044.86 Sub Total : 9273.89

327 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

XIV PUNJAB 83 Jalandhar 28 Satluj 5221.78 84 Ludhiana Satluj 13351.21 85 Phagwara Satluj 1386.21 86 Phillaur Satluj 112.06 87 Kapurthala Satluj 1256.26 88 Sultanpur Lodhi Satluj 240.74 Sub Total : 21568.26

XV RAJASTHAN 89 Keshoraipattan Chambal 72.55 90 Kota Chambal 15022.85 Sub Total : 15095.40

XVI SIKKIM 91 Gangtok 29 Rani Chu 2516.20 92 Singtom Rani Chu 632.82 93 Ranipool Rani Chu 590.24 Sub Total : 3739.26

XVII TAMIL NADU 94 Bhiwani Cauvery 392.84 95 Chennai 32, 33 Adyar, Cooum 40425.46 96 Erode Cauvery 1472.13 97 Kumarapalayam Cauvery 232.14 98 Pallipalayam Cauvery 184.67 99 Trichy Cauvery 430.05 100 Cauvery 3105.32 101 Cauvery 4410.45 102 Cauvery 4481.04 103 Trichirappalli Cauvery 11667.00

328 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

104 Thanjavur 32 Vennar 6274.76 105 Madurai 33 Vaigai 13024.18 106 34 Tamrabarani 5492.90 Sub Total : 91592.95

XVIII UTTAR PRADESH 107 Agra Yamuna 8429.50 108 Allahabad Ganga 5853.04 109 Anupshaher Ganga 450.38 110 Bijnor Ganga 434.43 111 Chunar Ganga 39.53 112 Etawah Yamuna 559.76 113 Farrukkabad Ganga 0.00 114 Garhmukteshwar Ganga 130.94 115 Ghaziabad Yamuna 9457.95 116 Ghazipur Ganga 55.93 117 Jaunpur 35 Gomti 377.17 118 Kanpur Ganga 8276.53 119 Lucknow Gomti 31067.49 120 Mathura Yamuna 2486.12 121 Mirzapur Ganga 261.69 122 Mughal Sarai Ganga 148.08 123 Muzaffar Nagar Yamuna 1285.94 124 NOIDA Yamuna 2704.69 125 Saharanpur Yamuna 2486.62 126 Saidpur Ganga 0.00 127 Sultanpur Gomti 434.65 128 Varanasi Ganga 4161.21 129 Vrindavan Yamuna 855.92 YAP-II 11507.94 Sub Total (UP) 91465.51

329 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

XIX UTTARAKHAND 130 Badrinath Ganga 1208.07 131 Deoprayag Ganga 1217.71 132 Gopeshwar Ganga 30.36 133 Hardwar & Rishikesh Ganga 4989.62 134 Joshimath Ganga 16.90 135 Karnaparag Ganga 888.84 136 Ranipur Ganga 392.55 137 Rudraprayag Ganga 1335.48 138 Srinagar Ganga 590.05 139 Uttar Kashi Ganga 816.46 Sub Total 11486.04

XX WEST BENGAL 140 Andal Damodar 17.85 141 Asansol Damodar 340.66 142 Bhadreshwar & Champdani Ganga 943.87 143 Baidyabati Ganga 1192.76 144 Bansberia Ganga 896.04 145 Barrackpore Ganga 3778.81 146 Budge-Budge Ganga 826.72 147 Chakdah Ganga 128.43 148 Circular Canal Ganga 893.63 149 Dhulian Ganga 144.87 150 Ganga 375.07 151 Durgapur Damodar 21.20 152 Ganga 470.73 153 Gayeshpur,Halilshar & Kancharapara Ganga 2002.51 154 Jangipur Ganga 144.64 155 Jijganj Azimganj Ganga 451.93 156 Katwa Ganga 295.71 157 Kharda (Extended) Ganga 545.35

330 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. No. STATE/TOWN River No. River Sanctioned Cost (DPR) (Rs. in lakh)

158 Konnagar Ganga 1362.52 159 Ganga 1131.70 160 Murshidabad Ganga 228.69 161 Naihati Ganga 1903.25 162 North Barrackpore Ganga 1428.58 163 Raniganj Damodar18.70 164 Rishra Ganga 1020.54 165 Tolly’s Nallah Ganga 2465.17 166 Uttarpara Kotrung Ganga 929.31 167 Siliguri 36 Mahananda 5488.23 Sub Total (W.B.) 29447.47 Total : (20 States) : 460861.96 CETP, Calcutta (West Bengal) ESTT. & R&D 8292.00

OVER ALL TOTAL : 469153.96

331 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-VI IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES OF STATES UNDER NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION PLAN

S.No. Nodal Implementing Agency

1. ANDHRA PRADESH i) Engineer-in Chief, iii) Managing Director, Public Health Engg. Department, A.C. Guards, AP Tourism Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad “Tourism House”, 3-5-891, Himayat Nagar, Hyderabad-500029, ii) Managing Director, Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board, Khairtabad, Hyderabad –500 004

2. BIHAR Managing Director, BRJP, West Boring Canal Road, Patna, Bihar –800 001

3. GOA Executive Engineer, WD –III, PHE Goa Public Works Deptt. St. INEZ, Panaji, Goa

4. GUJARAT Municipal Commissioner, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Ahmedabad-380 001.

5. HARYANA Engineer-in-Chief PWD Public Health Branch. Bay No. 13-18 Sector-4, , Haryana

6. JHARKHAND Managing Director, MADA, Luby Circular Road, Dhanbad, Jharkhand,

7. KARNATAKA i) Managing Director, ii) Member Secretary, Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board, Kr S.P.C.B., 6, 7, 8 & 9th floor, KHB Complex, Cauvery Bhawan, K.G. Road, Public Utility Building, M.G. Road, Bangalore-560 009. Bangalore-560 001, Karnataka.

332 Annual Report 2009-2010

8. KERALA Managing Director, Kerala Water Authority, Jala Bhawan, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

9. MADHYA PRADESH i) Member Secretary, ii) E-N-C, PHED, M.P. Pollution Control Board, Paryavaran Parisar, Govt. of M.P., Satpura Bhawan, Bhopal, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal-462 013 Madhya Pradesh

10. MAHARASTRA i) Member Secretary, ii) Commissioner, Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP) Nasik Municipal Corporation, 4th floor, Express Tower, Nariman Point, Nasik, Maharashtra Maharashtra

11. NAGALAND Chief Engineer, Public Health Engineering, Department, Govt. of Nagaland, Kohima

12. NCT DELHI i) Delhi Jal Board, ii) Additional Commissioner (S&JJS) Varunalaya Phase-II, Jhandewalan, Municipal Corporation of Delhi, Delhi-110 005. I.P. Estate, New Delhi-110 002

13. ORISSA Member Secretary/Chief Engineer, Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Satya Nagar, Bhubaneswar.

14. PUNJAB Managing Director, Punjab Water Supply & Sewerage Board, Plot I-B, Sector-27A, Madhya Marg, Chandigarh

15. RAJASTHAN Chief Engineer (Hqs) PHED, 2, Civil Lines, Govt. of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 006.

16. SIKKIM PCE-cum-Secretary, Water Security & PHED, Govt. of Sikkim, Gangtok

333 Ministry of Environment & Forests

17 TAMIL NADU

i) Managing Director, iii) Secretary, CMWSSB, No-1, Pumping Station Road, Municipal Admin & Water Supply, Chintadripet, Chennai-600 002 Govt. of Tamil Nadu, Secretariat Chennai

ii) Managing Director, TWAD Board, Chepauk, Chennai-600 005

18. UTTAR PRADESH Managing Director, U.P. Jal Nigam, 6, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow

19. UTTRAKHAND Managing Director Uttaranchal Peyjal Nigam, 11, Mohini Road, Dehradun

20. WEST BENGAL i) Cheif Executive Officer, ii) Director of Industries, KMDA, Prashasan Bhawan, Commerce & Industries Dept., DD-I, Sector-I, Kolkata-700 064 Govt. of W. Bengal, New Secretariat Building, 9th Floor, 1, K.S. Roy Road, Kolkata-700 001

334 Annual Report 2009-2010

Annexure-VII LIST OF WETLANDS IDENTIFIED UNDER NATIONAL WETLAND CONSERVATION PROGRAMME (* Twenty five Wetlands of International Importance from India under Ramsar Convention)

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

1. Andhra Pradesh 1. Kolleru * 2. Assam 2. Deepar Beel * 3. Urpad Beel 4. Sone Beel 3. Bihar 5. Kabar 6. Barilla 7. Kusheshwar Asthan 4. Gujarat 8. Nalsarovar 9. Great Rann of Kachh 10. Thol Bird Sanctuary 11. Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary 12. Little Rann of Kachh 13. Pariej 14. Wadhwana 15. Nanikakrad 5. Haryana 16. Sultanpur 17. Bhindawas 6. Himachal Pradesh 18. Renuka * 19. Pong Dam * 20. Chandratal * 21. Rewalsar 22. Khajjiar 7. Jammu & Kashmir 23. Wullar * 24. Tso Morari * 25. Tisgul Tso & Chisul Marshes 26. * 27. Mansar-Surinsar * 28. Ranjitsagar 29. Pangong Tsar

335 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 30. Gharana 31. Hygam 32. Mirgund 33. Shalbugh 34. Chushul & Hanley 8. Jharkhand 35. Udhwa 36. Tilaiya Dam 9. Karnataka 37. Magadhi 38. Gudavi Bird Sanctuary 39. Bonal 40. Hidkal & Ghataprabha 41. Heggeri 42. Ranganthittu 43. K.G. Koppa wetland 10. Kerala 44. Ashtamudi * 45. Sasthamkotta * 46. Kottuli 47. Kadulandi 48. Vembnad Kol * 11 Madhya Pradesh 49. Barna 50. Yashwant Sagar 51. Wetland of Ken River 52. National Chambal Sanctuary 53. Ghatigaon 54. Ratapani 55. Denwa Tawa wetland 56. 57. Pench Tiger Reserve 58. Sakhyasagar 59. Dihaila 60. Govindsagar 61. Sirpur

336 Annual Report 2009-2010

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 12. Maharashtra 62. Ujni 63. Jayakawadi 64. Nalganga wetland 13. Manipur 65. Loktak * 14. Mizoram 66. Tamdil 67. Palak 15. Orissa 68. Chilka * 69. Kuanria wetland 70. Kanjia wetland 71. Daha wetland 72. Anusupa 16. Puducherry 73. Ousteri lake 17. Punjab 74. Harike * 75. Ropar * 76. Kanjli * 77. Nangal 18. Rajasthan 78. Sambhar * 19. Sikkim 79. Khechuperi Holy Lake 80. Tamze Wetland 81. Tembao Wetland Complex 82. Phendang Wetland Complex 83. Gurudokmar Wetland 84. Tsomgo wetland 20. Tamil Nadu 85. Point Calimer * 86. Kaliveli 87. Pallaikarni 21. Tripura 88. Rudrasagar * 89. Gumti reservoir 22. Uttar Prdaesh. 90. Nawabganj 91. Sandi 92. Lakh Bahoshi 93. Samaspur

337 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 94. Alwara Wetland 95. Semarai Lake 96. Nagaria lake 97. Keetham Lake 98. Shekha wetland 99. 100. Sarsai Nawar 101. Patna Bird Sanctuary 102. Chandotal 103. Tal Bhaghel 104. Taal Ganbhirvan & Taal Salona 105. Aadi Jal Jeev Jheel 23. Uttarakhand 106. Ban Ganga Jhilmil Tal 107. Asan 24. West Bengal 108. East Calcutta Wetland * 109. Sunderbans 110. Ahiron Beel 111. Rasik Beel 112. Santragachi 25. Meghalaya 113. Patlakhawa- Rasomati 114. Umiam lake 26. UT (Chandi-garh) 115. Sukhna Madhya Pradesh 116. * Orissa 117. * Rajasthan 118. * Uttar Pradesh 119. Upper Ganga *

338 Annual Report 2009-2010

Annexure-VIII Names of Nodal Agencies of NGC Programme S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

1 Andhra Pradesh Directorate of NGC, Deptt. of Environment, Forests, Science & Tech., Govt. of A.P., No. 18, A-Block, Buddha Bhavan Complex, MG Road, Hyderabad - 500 003

2 Andaman & Nicobar H. Q. Circle, Department of Forests, Vansadan, Haddo, Port (U.T.) Blair - 741002

3 Arunachal Pradesh Department of Environment & Forests, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board, Environment & Forests Office Complex, ‘P’ Sector, Itanagar – 791 111

4 Assam Assam Science, Technology and Environment Council, Bigyan Bhawan, G. S. Road, Guwahati – 781 005

5 Bihar Bihar State Poll. Control Board, Beltron Bhawan, 2nd floor, Lal Bahadur Shastri Nagar, Patna – 800 023

6 Chandigarh (UT) Department of Environment, Chandigarh Administration, Additional Town Hall Building, llnd Floor, Sector –17-, Chandigarh -160 017

7 Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board, 1 – Tilak Nagar, Shiv Mandir Chowk, Main Road, Avanti Vihar, Raipur – 492 006

8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli Pollution Control Committee (PCC), DNH, Silvasa - 396230 (UT)

9 Daman& Diu (UT) Pollution Control Committee, Fort Area, Daman & Diu, Moti Daman – 396 220

10 Delhi (NCT) Eco Club Society of Delhi, Department of Environment, Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Level –6, C-Wing, Delhi Secretariat, I.P Estate, New Delhi – 110 002

11 Goa Goa State Council of Science, Technology & Environment, Opp. Saligao Seminary, Saligao, Barcez, Goa – 403 511

12 Gujarat Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation (GEER), Near Indroda Nature Park, Sec. – 9, Gandhi Nagar – 382 009

339 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

13 Haryana Haryana State Pollution Control Board, Plot No. C-11, Sector –6, Panchkula –134 101

14 Himachal Pradesh State Council for Science, Technology & Environment, 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla -171 009

15 Jammu & Kashmir (May to Oct) Srinagar- Sheikh-ul Alam Campus, Rajbagh behind Govt Silk Factory, Srinagar- Kashmir (Nov to April) J & K State Pollution Control Board Jammu- Parivesh Bhawan, Glandni Transport Nagar (Narwal) Jammu

16 Jharkhand Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, T. A. Division Building, Ground Floor, H. E. C., Dhurwa, Ranchi - 834 004

17 Karnataka Environmental Management & Policy Research Institute, Department of Forests, Ecology and Environment, , “Hasiru Bhavana”, Doresanipalya Forest Campus, Vinayakanagar Circle, J. P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangalore – 560 078

18 Kerala Kerala State Council for Science, Tech. & Environment , Shashtra Bhawan, Pattom, Thiruvannthapuram – 695 004

19 Lakshadweep (UT) Deptt. of Environment and Forests, UT Administration of Lakshadweep, Kavaratti - 682555

20 Madhya Pradesh Environment Planning and Coordination Organisation (EPCO), Kachnar, Parayavaran Parisar, E-5, Sector, Arera Colony, Bhopal – 462 106

21 Maharashtra Maharashtra Ekatmik Padik Jamin Vikas Yantrana, Directorate of Social Forestory, Maharastra State, Central Administrative Building, Ground Floor, Pune – 411 001

22 Manipur Manipur Pollution Control Board, Lamphelpat, Near Imphal West D.C. Office Complex, Imphal-795004

23 Meghalaya Forests & Environment Department, Sylvan House, Lower Lauchumere, Shillong – 793 001

24 Mizoram Mizoram State Pollution Control Board, MG Road, Khatla, Aizawl – 796 001

340 Annual Report 2009-2010

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

25 Nagaland Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, Dimapur – 797112

26 Orissa Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), Forests & Environment Department, Govt. of Orissa, N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar – 751 015

27 Pudducherry (UT) Environment Education Cell, State Training Centre, Perunthalivar Kamaraj Education Complex, ‘B’ Block, IV Floor, Anna Nagar, Puducherry – 605 005

28 Punjab Punjab State Council for Science and Technology, Adjacent Sacred Heart School, Sector – 26, Post Box No. 727, Chandigarh - 160019

29 Rajasthan Rajasthan Rajya Bharat Scouts & Guides, Rajya Mukhyalaya, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Bajaj Nagar, Jaipur – 302 015

30 Sikkim State Environment Committee, Deptt. of Forests, Environment & Wildlife, Government of Sikkim, Deorali –737 102

31 Tamil Nadu Environment Management Agency of Tamil Nadu (EMAT), Govt. of Tamil Nadu, Ground Floor, Panagal Building, No.1, Jeenis Road, Saidapet, Chennai-600015

32 Tripura Tripura State Pollution Control Board, Vigyan Bhawan, Pt. Nehru Complex, Gorkha Basti, P.O. Kunjaban, Agartala, Tripura (W) – 799 006

33 Uttar Pradesh Directorate of Environment, Vineet Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow

34 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand Sabhi Ke Liye Shiksha Parishad, SSA, Shiksha Shankul, Mayur Vihar, Sahastradhara Road, Dehradun – 248 001

35 West Bengal West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal, Paribesh Bhawan, 10A, Block – LA, Sector III, , Kolkata – 700 098

341 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-IX List of RRAs under NEAC 2009-10

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

1. Sri Swarupa Nistha Ashrama, Philosophical Welfare Society, Andhra Pradesh H.No. 1-1189-99,1st Floor, N.G.O. Colony, Kadiri-515591, (South) Anathapur Distt. Andhra Pradesh

2. Deccan Development Society, 101, Kishan Residency Andhra Pradesh House No.1-11-242/1, Street No.5, Begum Pet, (North) Hyderabad- 500 016

3. Assam Science Society, P.B.No.78, Lamb Road, Latasil, Assam Guwahati-781 001

4. Rural Youth Coordination Centre, Bihar Camp Office: House No. 210,Indira Nagar Rajapur, Post-Patna G.P.O., Distt-Patna-800 001 Head Office: At. Po. Distt. Saran, Bihar Pin-841401

5. Jan Kalyan Parishad, Moh. Namana Kala Ring Road, Chhattisgarh (Near Comel School), Ambikapur, Distt. -Surguja, Chattisgarh-497001

6. Indian Environmental Society, Delhi & Western U.P. U-112, Vidhata House, 3rd Floor, Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi- 110 092 Branch Office: Building, Ground Floor Sanjay Palace, Agra

7. Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Interaction Gujarat & Daman Diu (VIKSAT), Nehru Foundation for Development, Thaltej Tekra, Vastrapur Road, Ahmedabad- 380 054

8. Haryana Nav Yuvak Kala Sangam (HNYKS) 46, Haryana Sector-I, -124001, Haryana

9. State Council for Science, Technology & Environment Himachal Pradesh H.P. 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla- 171 009

10. World Wide Fund for Nature-India, Jammu & Kashmir State Jammu Office, C/O Centre for Environment Education & Training, New University campus, Jammu-180006

11. The NGOs Co-ordination Federation (J&K), Usman Complex Kashmir including Solina, Srinagar-190009 (J&K)

342 Annual Report 2009-2010

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

12. Gram Vikas Kendra, K-3/57, Hans Stoehr Road, TELCO Jharkhand Colony, Jamshedpur- 831 004

13. Karnataka Rajya Vijnana Parishat, Vijnana Bhawan, Karnataka No. 24 /2 &24/3, 21st Main Road, Banashankari-II Stage, Bangalore- 560 070

14. Centre for Environment & Development, Thozhuvancode, Kerala, Lakshadweep & Vattiyoorkavu P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala –695013 Minicoy Island

15. Bhartiya Agro-Industries Foundation (BAIF), Development Maharashtra, Goa & Research Foundation, BAIF Bhawan, Dr. Manibhai Desai Dadara Nagar Haveli Nagar, National Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune- 411 058

16. Environment & Ecology Wing, Deptt. of Environment and Manipur Forests, Government of Manipur, Porompat, Near D.C. Officer, Imphal (east)-795 001

17. Environmental Planning & Coordination Organisation Madhya Pradesh (EPCO), ‘Kachnar’ Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal- 462 016

18. Center for Environment Protection (CEP), B-27/1,Tuikual Mizoram South, Aizwal-796001, Mizoram

19. Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, Dimapur, Nagaland Nagaland-797112

20. Centre for Environment Studies, Forests and Environment South Orissa Department, Government of Orissa, N-3/56 I.R.C. Village, Bhubaneshwar- 751015

21. Animal Welfare Society of Orissa, North Orissa Branch Office: At/Po- Bhandaripokhari, Distt-Bhadrak, Orissa Head Office: Qr. No. 4R-2, Unit –8 Gopbandhu Square, Bhubaneshwar –751012

22. Punjab State Council for Science & Technology, Punjab & Chandigarh MG SIPA Building, Near Sacred Heart Public School, Sector-26, Chandigarh- 160 019

23. Consumer Unity & Trust Society (CUTS), D-217, Bhaskar Rajasthan Marg, Bani Park, Jaipur-302016, Rajasthan

24. C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer Foundation, The grove, 1-Eldmas Tamilnadu (North) & Road, Alwerpet, Chennai- 600 018 Andman Nicobar

343 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

25. C.P. Ramaswamy Environment Education Centre, Pondicherry No. 1-A, Eldams Road, Chennai- 600 018

26. PEACE Trust, Near Police Colony, Trichy Road, Dindigul, Tamilnadu (South) Tamil Nadu-624005

27. Tripura State Pollution Control Board, Pandit Nehru Complex, Tripura Gorkhabasti, Agartala-799 006

28. Devoted Organization for Reforming Environment (DORE), Uttarakhand 196-B, Khari Bazar, Ranikhet-263645, Uttarakhand

29. Shohratgarh Environmental Society, Prem Kunj, 9, Adarsh Uttar Pradesh (East) Colony, Shohratgarh, Siddharth Nagar Distt. 272 205 (U.P.)

30. School of Fundamental Research, 29, Pratapaditya Road, West Bengal Kolkata- 700 026 Except Darjeeling Hilly Areas and Sillyguri

31. Federation of Societies for Environmental Protection (FOSEP), Darjeeling Hilly Area & Darjeeling, Dr. S.M. Das Road, Red Cross Building, Siliguri Darjelling-734101, West Bengal

32. Department of Environment& Forests, Office of the PCCF & Arunachal Pradesh Principle. Secretary., ‘P’-Sector, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar- 791 111

33. Department of Environment, Government of Meghalaya, Meghalaya Shillong-793 001.

34. State Environment Agency Forest, Environment and Wildlife Sikkim Management Department, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok-737 101

344 Annual Report 2009-2010

Annexure-X

Audit Reports of Comptroller and Auditor General of India for the year 2008-09 Scientific Departments (Compliance Audit – Report No. 16 of 2008-09) MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS

6.1 Failure of village tree plantation project

Due to improper planning and lack of monitoring on part of National Afforestation and Eco-development Board, the objective of undertaking plantation of trees all over the country at a cost of Rs.5.87 crore was not achieved, defeating the purpose for which the project was sanctioned. Only an amount of Rs.2.34 crore could be spent on the scheme as of January 2009 by the states/UTs as per the utilisation certificates received in the Ministry.

6.2 Inadmissible payment of Transport Allowance

Grant of Transport Allowance in violation of orders of Ministry of Finance led to inadmissible payment of Rs.67.66 lakh as transport allowance.

6.3 Functioning of Central Zoo Authority, New Delhi

Central Zoo Authority (CZA) functioned only as a grant releasing agency instead of an agency to ensure conservation of endangered species of animals in zoos. CZA failed to ensure effective protection of animals/breeding programmes in the zoos. It had not fully identified the list of endangered species and undertook conservation breeding programmes for only three of the identified 63 endangered species. There was decrease in the number of endangered animals in the zoos all over the country due to high mortality. There was over-crowding of animals such as tigers, sambar/spotted deer, leopards etc., in a large number of zoos, much beyond the optimal number of animals prescribed under CZA guidelines. CZA was unaware as to whether the zoos were following the norms and regulations introduced by it for upkeep etc., to ensure the proper health of animals in zoos as it did not conduct any regular monitoring of the functioning of zoos. The system of financial management in CZA was also weak with CZA unable to monitor whether the funds released by it were actually being spent by the state zoos for the sanctioned purpose.

345 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-XI LIST OF ENVIS CENTRES Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

ENVIS Institutional Centres (Subject Specific) 1 Dr. D.S. Kamyotra Phone: 011-22301932 Control of Member Secretary Fax: 011-22304948, 22301932 Pollution (Water, Shri Keyur Shah Email: [email protected] Air and Noise) ENVIS Coordinator Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Parivesh Bhawan, CBD-Cum Office Complex, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi-110 032, Delhi

2 Dr. Ashwani Kumar Phone: 0522-2284591, Toxic Chemicals Director 2621856, 2613357, 2627586, Dr. (Mrs.) Poonam Kakkar 2613786 (Extn. 269, 305, 306,307) ENVIS Coordinator Mobile: 9335902630 Industrial Toxicological Research Fax: 0522-2628227, 2611547 Centre(ITRC) Email: [email protected], Post Box No.80 [email protected], Mahatma Gandhi Marg [email protected], Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh [email protected], [email protected]

3 Dr. H.N. Sayed Phone: 079- Environmental Director 22686351,22686259 and Dr. Sunil Kumar Fax: 079-22686361 Occupational Deputy Dir (Sr. Grade) & ENVIS Email: [email protected] Health Coordinator National Institute of Occupational Health(NIOH) Meghani Nagar Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380016

4 Prof. R. Sukumar Phone: 91-080-23600985, Western Ghats Chairman 22933099, 22932506 and Biological Dr. T.V. Ramachandran Fax: 91-080-23601428, Diversity ENVIS Coordinator 23600085, 23600683 Centre for Ecological Sciences - Indian Email: [email protected] Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru-560 012, Karnataka

5 Prof. T. Balasubramanian Phone: 04144-243223, 243533, Mangroves, Director and ENVIS In-Charge 253089, 09443330214 , Centre for Advanced Studies in Marine Fax: 04144- 243555 Lagoons, Coral Biology(CASMB) Email: [email protected], Reefs Annamalai University, [email protected], Parangipettai-608 502, Tamil Nadu [email protected]

346 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

6 Dr. Ramakrishna Phone: 033-24008595, Faunal Bio Director 24006893, 24003925 (Extn. 292) diversity Dr. T.K. Pal Mobile: 9433325558, ENVIS Coordinator 9433016738 Zoological Survey of India(ZSI) Fax: 033-24006893 Prani Vigyan Bhawan, Email: [email protected], M Block, , [email protected] Kolkata-700053, West Bengal

7 Prof. Gurdeep Singh Phone: 0326-2296624 Environmental ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 0326-2296624, 2296603 Problems of Centre of Mining Environment (CME) Email: [email protected] Mining Indian School of Mines Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand

8 Dr. S. Devotta Phone: 0712-2226026,2226071 Hazardous Director Fax: 0712-2225191 Waste Dr. T. Chakraborty Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator National Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI) Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440020, Maharashtra

9 Dr. L.M.S. Palni Phone: 05962-241041,241153 Himalayan Director (Extn.54), 241015 Ecology Dr. P.P. Dhyani Mobile: 09412092188, ENVIS Coordinator 09720335427 G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Fax: 05962-241014/15, 241150, Environment and Development 241153 Kosi - Katarmal Email: [email protected], Almora-263643, [email protected], Uttarakhand [email protected], [email protected]

10 Dr. M. Sanjappa Phone: 033-26683235, 26680667 Floral Biodiversity Director Fax: 033-26686226 Shri P.Lakshminarasimhan Email: [email protected], ENVIS Coordinator [email protected], Botanical Survey of India(BSI) [email protected], ENVIS Centre on Floral Diversity [email protected], CNH Building, 3rd Floor, [email protected] Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103 West Bengal

347 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

11 Shri Jagdish Kiswan Phone: 0135-2756414 Forestry Director General Fax: 0135-2756865 Shri Shalendra Kaushik Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator Forest Research Institute(FRI) Indian Council of Forestry Research Education New forest - P.O. Dehradun-248006, Uttarakhand

12 Dr. P.R. Sinha Phone: 0135-2640910, 2640304, Wildlife and Director 2040111-14 (Extn.202) Protected Area Dr. V.B. Mathur Fax: 0135-2640117 Management ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Wildlife Institute of India(WII) PO Box NO. 18, Chandrabani Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand

13 Shri M.L. Arrawatia Phone: 03592-208940, 205551 Eco-Tourism Secretary, Dept. of Science & Technology Fax: 0359-2208764, 2228764 Shri Dorji Thinlay Bhutia Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator Member Secretary & ENVIS In-charge State Council of Science and Technology for Sikkim (SCSTS) Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim

14 Dr. K.P.R. Vittal Phone: 291-2740931, 2740706 Desertification Director Fax: 291-3000361 Dr. D.C. Ojha Email: [email protected], ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) Dr. Raheja Library Jodhpur-342 003, Rajasthan

15 Dr. Paul P. Appasamy Phone: 044-22352157 Environmental Director Fax: 044-22352155 Economics Dr. K.S. Kavi Kumar Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator Madras School of Economics(MSE) Gandhi Mandampam Road Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu

348 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

16 Prof. N. Munuswamy Phone: 044-22300899 Micro-organisms Hon. Director/ ENVIS Coordinator Mobile: 09884171947, and Department of Zoology - University of 09444895145 environmental Madras Fax: 044-22300899 management Life Science Building, Email: [email protected], Guindy Campus, [email protected], Chennai-600 025, [email protected] Tamil Nadu

17 Dr. A. Jaygovind Phone: 080-23213160, 23211303 Environmental Director Fax: 080-23217858 Law Dr. O.V. Nandimath Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator National Law School of India University(NLSIU) Nagarbhavi, P.O.Box – 7201 Bangalore-560 072, Karnataka

18 Prof. R. Ramesh Phone: 044-22330108, Coastal Director 22200159, 22203408 Regulation Zone Institute for Ocean Management(IOM) Mobile: 9840966299 Management and Anna University Fax: 044-22200158 Coastal Shelter Chennai-600 025, Email: [email protected], Belts Tamil Nadu [email protected], [email protected]

19 Dr. B.N. Goswami Phone: 020-25893600 Acid Rain and Director (Extn. 261, 212) Atmospheric Dr. Gufran Beig Mobile: 09423018580 Pollution Scientist & ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 020-25893825 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Email: [email protected], (IITM) [email protected], Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, [email protected], Pune-411 008, Maharashtra [email protected]

20 Dr. J.S. Yadav Phone: 040-27193134 Bioinformatics - Director Fax: 040-27193227 Vector Control Dr. U.Suryanarayana Murthy Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator Indian Institute of Chemical Technology(IICT) Habsiguda, Uppal Road Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh

349 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

21 Dr. M.O. Garg Phone: 01332-283442, 272391, Fly Ash Director 2722432 Dr. L.P. Singh Mobile: 09837031050 ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 01332-272272, 272543 Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) Email: [email protected], Roorkee-247 667, [email protected], Uttarakhand [email protected], [email protected]

22 Dr. R. Tuli Phone: 0522-2205842(303), Indicators of Plant Director 2205839 Mobile: 09415110314 Pollution Dr. Nandita Singh Fax: 0522-2205847 ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected], National Botanical Research Institute [email protected] (NBRI) Rana Pratap Marg Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh

23 Shri. Bharat P. Jain Phone: 079-23243211, Cleaner Member Secretary 23225811-14 Production & Gujarat Cleaner Production Centre Fax: 079-3244306 Technology (GCPC) Email: [email protected] Block No.4, 3rd Floor, Udyog Bhawan, Sector-11, Gandhi Nagar-382 017, Gujarat

24 Prof. Arabinda Kumar Das Phone: 033-25808749 Environmental Vice Chancellor Fax: 033-25828282 Biotechnology Prof. S.C. Santra Email: [email protected] ENVIS Coordinator Department of Environmental Sciences (DES) Kalyani University, Kalyani Distt. Nadia West Bengal - 741235

25 Prof. Shoben K. Saha Phone: 011-23702393, 95 Human Settlement Director Fax: 011-23702383 Prof. Meenakshi Dhote Email: [email protected]; ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] School of Planning and Architecture (SPA) 4, Block Indraprastha Estate New Delhi-110002

350 Annual Report 2009-2010

Sl. Address Communication Linkages Subject Area

26 Prof. V.K. Jain Phone: 011-26704315 Biogeochemistry ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 26741502 School of Environmental Sciences Email: [email protected], Jawaharlal Nehru University, [email protected] New Delhi-110067

27 Prof. Deepak Kumar Bagchi Phone: 03473 223256/7 Biosphere Vice Chancellor Extn. – 258, 033-25879772 Reserve Prof. Subrata Maity Fax: 033 25828460, 03473 ENVIS-In-charge 222275 Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Email: [email protected]; Mohanpur, [email protected] Nadia – 741252 West Bengal

ENVIS NGO Centres (Subject Specific)

28 Dr. R.K. Pachauri Phone: 011-24682100, 24682111 Renewable Director General Fax: 011-24682144 Energy and Shri P.K. Bhattacharya Email: [email protected] Environment ENVIS Coordinator The Energy Resources Institute(TERI) Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Centre, Lodi Road New Delhi-110 003, Delhi

29 Mr. Ravi Singh Phone: 011-41504791, 41504793 NGOs and Secretary General and CEO Mobile: 9968061056 Parliament Shri G. Areendran Fax: 011-41504779, 24691226 Director Email: [email protected], World Wide Fund for Nature - India(WWF) [email protected], Indira Gandhi Conservation Monitoring [email protected], Centre (IGCMC), [email protected] 172-B, Lodhi Estate, New Delhi-110 003, Delhi

30 Shri. Kartikeya V. Sarabhai Phone: 079-2684474526844780, Environmental Director 26858002-09, 26858011 Education Mr. Ramesh Savalia Fax: 079-26858010 ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected], Centre for Environment Education(CEE) [email protected], Nehru Foundation for Development, [email protected], Thaltej Tekra, [email protected] Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat

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31 Shri Inderjit Pal Phone: 040-23001242, Eastern Ghats Director General 23000489, 23001707(D) Shri S.H. Baquer Fax: 040-23000361 ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Environment Protection Training and Research Institute(EPTRI) 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, Andhra Pradesh

32 Dr. N. Baskara Rao Phone: 011-26851660, 26856429 Communication Chairman Fax: 011-26968282 and Electronic Ms. Alka Tomar Email: [email protected] Media ENVIS Coordinator Centre for Media Studies(CMS) Research House, B-34, Community Centre, Saket, New Delhi-110 017, Delhi

33 Dr. Asad R. Rahmani Phone: 022-22821811 Avian Ecology Director Fax: 022-22837615 Bombay Natural Histroy Society(BNHS) Email: [email protected], Hornbill House, Dr. Salim Ali Chowk [email protected] Shaheed Bhagat Singh road Mumbai-400 001, Maharashtra

34 Shri Kalyan Bose Phone: 079-27489945-46, Eco-Labeling and Hon. Director (Admn.) 27450528, 27451097 Eco-Friendly Mr. Jose Emmanuel Fax: 079-27489947 Products ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Consumer Education and Research Centre (CERC) Suraksha Sankool, Thaltej, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat

35 Dr.(Mrs.) Nanditha C, Krishna Phone: 044-24346526, 24337023 Conservation of Hon. Director Fax: 044-24320756 Ecological CPR Environmental Education Centre (CPR) Email: [email protected] Heritage and 1 Eldams Road, Alwarpet, Sacred Sites in Chennai-600 018, Tamil Nadu India

36 Dr. D.K. Ved Phone: 080-28565847, Conservation of Director 28568007, 28565873 Medicinal Plants Foundation for Revitalization of Local Fax: 080-28565895 Health Traditions (FRLHT) Email: [email protected] 74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka, via Attu PO, Bangalore-560 064, Karnataka

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37 Dr. Amiya Kumar Sahu Phone: 022-29207577 Municipal Solid President/ ENVIS Coordinator Telefax: 022-29202951 Waste National Solid Waste Association of India Email: [email protected], Management (NSWAI) [email protected], B-703, Customs Colony A, Marol, [email protected], Military Road, Andheri (E), [email protected] Mumbai – 400 059

38 Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak Phone: 011-25031243, 25058941 Hygiene, Founder Fax: 011-25034014 Sanitation, Dr. S. Nath Email: [email protected] Sewage Chairman cum Medical Director Treatment Kumar Rajnish, Systems and Envis Coordinator Technology Sulabh International Institute of Health and Hygiene (Sulabh) Sulabh Bhawan, Mahavir Enclave, New Delhi-110 045, Delhi

39 Shri. K.G. Ramanathan Phone: 022-22617137, Management of President 22617165, 40022491 Plastic, Polymers Shri. T.K. Bandopadhyay Fax: 022-22617168 and Biopolymers ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Indian Centre for Plastic in the Environment (ICPE) OLYMPUS House, 2nd Floor, 25, Raghunath Dadaji Street (Near Fort House - Formerly Handloom House) Fort, Mumbai – 400 001

40 Dr. K.P. Nyati Phone: 011-24682230-35 Industry - Director Fax: 011-24682229, 24682228 Government Environment Management Division – Email: [email protected] Environmental Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) Interface India Habitat Centre 4th Floor, Core4A, Lodhi Road New Delhi-110 003, Delhi

41 Dr. K.V. Swaminathan Phone: 011-24642269 Environmental Chairman Fax: 011-24619083 Audit and Mr. S.R. Adige Email: [email protected], Accounting ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] Waterfalls Institute of Technology Transfer (WITT) J-29, NDSE Part-I New Delhi-110 049

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42 Dr. P.A. Azeez Phone: 0422-2657101-105, Wetland Director 2657086, 2657096 Ecosystem Dr. S. Narendra Prasad Fax: 0422-2657088 (including inland ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected], wetlands) Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and [email protected] Natural History (SACON) Anaikatty P.O. Coimbatore-641 108, Tamil Nadu

43 Dr. F. Ram Phone: 022-25563254, 55, 56 Population, Director (Extn.112, 173), 25573943, Human Settlement Dr. R.B. Bhagat 25562062 and Environment ENVIS Coordinator Mobile: 09869947264 International Institute for Population Fax: 022-25563257 Sciences(IIPS) Email: [email protected], Govandi Station Road, Deonar, [email protected], Mumbai-400 088, Maharashtra [email protected], [email protected]

44 Prof. B. Bhaskara Rao Phone: 011-26122841, Women and Director Mobile: 9350532857 Environment: their Dr.(Mrs.) Papia Lahiri Email: [email protected], role in ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] preservation and Centre for Symbiosis of Technology, conservation of Environment and Management (STEM) environment Pocket B-10, Flat No. 7077, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110070

45 Shri George C. Varughese Phone: 011-26967938,26851158 Environmentally President Fax: 0111-26130814 Sound & Ms. Sushmita Das Email: [email protected], Appropriate ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] Technologies Development Alternatives 111-Z/9, Kishangarh, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110070

46 Dr. Desh Bandhu Phone: 011-22046823,22450749 Role of President Fax: 011-22523311 Panchayats in Indian Environmental Society (IES) Email: [email protected] Environment Vidhata House, Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi-110092

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ENVIS Governmenrt Centres (State Government)

47 Mr. Rajeshwar Tiwari, IAS Phone: 040-23001241, 23001242, Status of Director 23006472, 23000489 (Extn. 17), Environment and Dr. Razia Sultana 23001707(D) Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 040-23001241, 23000361 Environment Protection Training and Email: [email protected], Research Institute(EPTRI) [email protected], [email protected] 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, Andhra Pradesh

48 Dr. Satyendra Kumar Choudhury Phone: 0361-2464619 Status of Director Mobile: 09435032706, Environment and Shri Jaideep Baruah 09435102089 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Telefax: 0361-2464617 Assam Science, Technology and Email: [email protected], Environmental Council [email protected], Bigyan Bhawan, G.S. Road, Guwahati- [email protected], 781005, Assam [email protected]

49 Shri. S.N. Rao Phone: 0612-2281250, 2291709, Status of Member Secretary 2281050 Environment and Bihar State Pollution Control Board Fax: 0612-2291709, 2281050 Related Issues Beltron Bhawan, 2nd Floor, Email: [email protected] Lal Bhadur Shastri Nagar, Patna-800 023, Bihar

50 Shri Anil Kumar Sharma Phone: 0771-2425523 Status of Member Secretary Fax: 0771-2425585 Environment and Mr. A.P. Savant Email: [email protected] Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator, Asstt. Public Relation Officer Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board Nanak Niwas, Civil Lines, Raipur-492 001, Chhattisgarh

51 Mrs. Naini Jayaseelan Phone: 011-23392032, 23392029 Status of Secretary Environment Fax: 011-23392034 Environment and Dr. B.C. Sabata Email: [email protected] Related Issues Senior Scientific Officer Department of Environment - Govt. of NCT of Delhi Level-6, Wing-C, Delhi Secretariat, New Delhi-110 002, Delhi

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52 Dr. N.P.S. Varde Phone: 0832-2407186 Status of Director/Jt. Secy. (STE) Fax: 0832-2407186 Environment and Dr. Mohan R. Girap Email: [email protected] Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Department of Science, Technology and Environment Saligao Plateau, Saligao Bardez-403 511, Goa

53 Shri C.H. Pandya Phone: 079-23257658, 23257659 Status of Director Mobile: 09825030698 Environment and Shri Nischal Joshi Fax: 079-23257656 Related Issues Sr. Project Manager Email: [email protected], Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC) [email protected] Government of Gujarat, Block No.18/1, Udyog Bhavan, Sector-11, Gandhinagar-382017 Gujarat

54 Dr. R.K. Sood Phone: 0177-2622490,2620998, Status of Head of the Organisation 2622923, 2633923 Environment and Dr. Alka Sharma Fax: 0177-2620998 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (SCSTE) B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla-171 009, Himachal Pradesh

55 Mrs. M.A.W. Deva Phone: 0194-2438994 Status of ENVIS Coordinator Telefax: 0194-2490823 Environment and Directorate of Environment and Remote Email: [email protected] Related Issues Sensing SDA Complex, Bemina, Srinagar Phone: 0194-2490823 (May to October) 1-D, Gandhi Nagar, Jammu Phone: 0194-2438994 (November to April)

56 Shri. A.K. Mishra Phone: 0651-2480655 Status of Chief Conservator of Forests –cum- Chief Fax: 0651-2480655 Environment and Wildlife Warden Email: [email protected] Related Issues Shri Dharmendra Kumar Conservator of Forest Working Plan and Research Council Doranda, Ranchi-834 002, Jharkhand

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57 Mr. B. Basappa Phone: 080- 26490746, Status of Director General 26490747 22254377, 22092445 Environment and Shri Chakravarti Mohan Fax: 080-26490745, 22254377 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected], Environment Management & Policy [email protected] Institute (EMPRI) Department of Forests, Environment and Ecology, Govt. of Karnataka, Hasiru Bhawan, Doresanipalya, Forest Campus, Vinayaka Nagar Circle, J.P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangaluru- 560078, Karnataka

58 Dr. E.P. Yesodharan Phone: 0471-2543701-05 Status of Executive Vice President Fax: 0471-2543558, 2540085 Environment and Dr. Kamalakshan Kokkal Email: [email protected], Related Issues Principal Scientific Officer & ENVIS [email protected], Coordinator [email protected], Kerala State Council for Science, [email protected] Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) Sasthra Bhawan, Pattom P.O., Thiruvananthapuram-695 004, Kerala

59 Shri S.N. Mishra Phone: 0755-2466715, 2461538, Status of Executive Director 2461348, 5293592 Environment and Dr. Rakesh Dubey Fax: 0755-2466653 Related Issues Director Email: [email protected] Disaster Management Institute(DMI) Housing and Environment Department, Paryavaran Parisar,E-5,Arera Colony,P.B.No.563, Bhopal-462 016, Madhya Pradesh

60 Dr. B.N. Patil Phone: 022-22854707, 22855082 Status of ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 022-22025946 Environment and Environment Department Email: [email protected], Related Issues New Administrative Building, 15th Floor, [email protected] Madam Cama Marg, Mantralaya, Mumbai-400 032, Maharashtra

61 Dr. M. Homeshowor Singh Phone: 0385-2227625 Status of Senior Scientific Officer Mobile: 09862063880, Environment and Dr. Y. Nabachandra Singh 09436038970 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 0385-2227625, 2446670 Environment and Ecology Office - Dept. Email: [email protected], of Environment and Forests, [email protected] Government of Manipur, Porompat Imphal (East)-795 010, Manipur

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62 Mr. C. Lalduhawma Phone: 0389-2316590, 2326173, Status of Member Secretary & ENVIS Coordinator 231184, 09436142012 Environment and Mizoram Pollution Control Board, Fax: 0389-2316591, 2316590 Related Issues Silver House, Tuikhuahtlang, Email: [email protected], Aizwal-796 001, [email protected], Mizoram [email protected]

63 Dr. Seyiekhreipuo John Phone: 0370-2245619, 2245566 Status of Executive Director Mobile: 09436001470 Environment and Dr. Inakhe Sumi Fax: 0370-2240626, 2245615, Related Issues Senior Programme Officer 2240180 Nagaland Institute of Health, Environment Mob: 09436010783 and Social Welfare (NIHESW) Email: [email protected], Moses Complex, S-2, [email protected] N.S.F., Martyr’s Park, Upper PWD Kohima-797 001, Nagaland

64 Shri Bhagirathi Behera Phone: 0674-2551853, 2390920, Status of Director 2551853 Environment and Shri Pravat Mohan Dash Mobile: 09437011837, Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator 09438186037 Centre for Environmental Studies (CES) Fax: 0674-2553182 Forest & Environment Department, Email: [email protected], Government of Orissa, [email protected], N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli, [email protected], Bhubaneswar-751 015, Orissa [email protected]

65 Mr. N.S. Tiwana Phone: 0172- 2793600 Status of Director Fax: 0172-2793143 Environment and Ms. Neelima Jerath Email: [email protected], Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator [email protected] Punjab State Council for Science and Technology(PSCST) MGSIPA Complex, Second Floor, Adj. Sacred Heart School, Sector-26 Chandigarh-160 019, Punjab

66 Mr. Ashok Jain Phone: 0141-2705731, 2707285, Status of Chairperson 2711263 Environment and Mr. Vijai Singhal Fax: 0141-2709980 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board 4, Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongari, Jaipur-302 004, Rajasthan

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67 Shri S.T. Lachungpa Phone: 0359-2280381, 2281778 Status of PCCF-cum-Secretary Fax: 0359-2280381, 2281778 Environment and Shri C. Lachungpa Email: [email protected], Related Issues Conservator of Forests & ENVIS [email protected], Coordinator [email protected], ENVIS Centre Sikkim, [email protected], Forests, Environment & Wildlife [email protected] Management Department, Government of Sikkim Forest Secretariat Annex-II, Ground Floor, Room No.1101/1102, Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim (East)

68 Thiru. T.S. Srinivasamurthy Phone: 044-24331243, 24336421 Status of I.F.S, Director of Environment Mobile: 09443243846, Environment and Dr. C.Thomson Jacob 09003071833 Related Issues Senior Programme Officer Fax: 044-24336594 Department of Environment, Government Email: [email protected], of Tamil Nadu [email protected], #1, Jeenis Road, 4th Floor Down, [email protected] Panagal Building, Saidapet, Chennai-600 015, Tamil Nadu

69 Prof. Mihir Deb Phone: 0381-2225421, Status of Chairman 2328792,2300368® Environment and Shri. Manas Mukherjee Fax: 0381-2225421 Related Issues Executive Engineer & Project Co-ordinator Email: [email protected] Tripura State Pollution Control Board Vigyan Bhawan, Pandit Nehru Complex, Gorkhabasti, P.O. Kunjaban, Agartala-799 006, Tripura

70 Shri. Yashpal Singh Phone: 0522-2300541 Status of Director Fax: 0522-2300543 Environment and Shri R.K. Sardana Email: [email protected] Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Environment Directorate - Uttar Pradesh Vinit Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow-226 020, Uttar Pradesh

71 Dr. T.B. Singh Phone: 0135-2668922 Status of Chief Environment Officer Fax: 0135-2668092 Environment and Shri Amarjeet Singh Oberai Email: [email protected] Related Issues Chief Environment Officer Uttarakhand Pollution Control Board E-115, Nehru Colony, Hardwar Road, Dehradun-248 011, Uttarakhand

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72 Shri M.L. Meena Phone: 033-22141356, Status of Principal Secretary 22141357, Environment and Shri Arijit Banerjee 2214-5592 Related Issues Senior Environment Officer Fax: 033-22145592, 22141356 Department of Environment – Govt. of Email: [email protected] West Bengal Block ‘G’, 2nd Floor, 2nd Floor, Writers’ Buildings, Kolkata-700 001, West Bengal

73 Deputy Secretary Phone: 03192-233233 Status of Shri R.S. Sinha Fax: 03192-230113 Environment and DCF, ENVIS Coordinator Email: [email protected] Related Issues Department of Environment and Forest - Andaman and Nicobar Van Sadan, Haddo P.O. Port Blair-744 102, Andaman and Nicobar

74 Mr. Richard D’Souza Phone: 02638-2230963, 2230524 Status of Chairman Fax: 02638-2230804 Environment and Mr. Santosh Singh Email: [email protected] Related Issues Member Secretary Daman Pollution Control Committee Moti Daman, Daman-396 220, Daman and Diu

75 Shri. Ishwar Singh Phone: 0172-2700284 Status of Director, 0172-2700065 Environment and Mr. P.J.S. Dadhwal 0172-3295436 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 0172- 2700149 Department of Environment – Chandigarh Email: [email protected], Chandigarh Administration, Addl.Town [email protected], Hall Building, 2nd Floor, Sector 17-C [email protected] Chandigarh-160 001, Punjab

76 Shri M. Arunachalam Phone: 0413-2201256 Status of Member Secretary Mobile: 09443716026, Environment and Dr.K.Sundaravadivelu 09442524264 Related Issues ENVIS Coordinator Fax: 0413-2203494 Puducherry Pollution Control Committee, Email: [email protected], IIIrd Floor, Housing Board Building, [email protected], [email protected], Anna Nagar, Puducherry-605 005, [email protected] Pondicherry

Published by Environmental Information System (ENVIS), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi-110003 and Printed at Tara Art Printers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi-110002 Ph. : 011-23378626

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