DOCSLIB.ORG

Biological Diversity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

From the Editors’ Desk….. Biodiversity, which is defined as the variety and variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they occur, is measured at three levels – the gene, the species, and the ecosystem. Forest is a key element of our terrestrial ecological systems. They comprise tree- dominated vegetative associations with an innate complexity, inherent diversity, and serve as a renewable resource base as well as habitat for a myriad of life forms. Forests render numerous goods and services, and maintain life-support systems so essential for life on earth. India in its geographical area includes 1.8% of forest area according to the Forest Survey of India (2000). The forests cover an actual area of 63.73 million ha (19.39%) and consist of 37.74 million ha of dense forests, 25.51 million ha of open forest and 0.487 million ha of mangroves, apart from 5.19 million ha of scrub and comprises 16 major forest groups (MoEF, 2002). India has a rich and varied heritage of biodiversity covering ten biogeographical zones, the trans-Himalayan, the Himalayan, the Indian desert, the semi-arid zone(s), the Western Ghats, the Deccan Peninsula, the Gangetic Plain, North-East India, and the islands and coasts (Rodgers; Panwar and Mathur, 2000). India is rich at all levels of biodiversity and is one of the 12 megadiversity countries in the world. India’s wide range of climatic and topographical features has resulted in a high level of ecosystem diversity encompassing forests, wetlands, grasslands, deserts, coastal and marine ecosystems, each with a unique assemblage of species (MoEF, 2002). Surveys conducted so far in India have inventoried over 47,000 species of plants and over 89,000 species of animals over just 70% of the country’s total area (MoEF, 1999). India’s biogeo- graphical location at the junction of the Agrotropical, Indo-Malayan and Paleo-Arctic realms has contributed to the biological richness of the country. The endemism of Indian biodiversity is high - about 33% of the country’s recorded flora is endemic to the country and is concentrated mainly in the North-East, Western Ghats, North-West Himalaya and the Andaman and Nicobar islands. About 62% of the known amphibian species and 50% of the lizards are endemic to India, the majority occurring in the Western Ghats (MoEF, 1999). Genetic diversity comprising native spe- cies and land races is concentrated in the areas of the Western Ghats, Northern Himalayas, South- ern plateau, Central India and Northwestern Himalayas. The broad vision for biodiversity in Agenda 21 is its conservation and sustainable use ac- companied by equitable benefit sharing mechanism. This includes a focus on enhancing national biodiversity protection measures involving the development of national strategies; mainstreaming of biodiversity concerns; ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits accruing from biodiversity; country-wide studies on biodiversity; fostering traditional methods and indigenous knowledge; encouraging biotechnological innovations along with the suitable sharing of their ben- i efits and promoting regional and international cooperation. The MoEF is also the focal point for implementation of the Convention on Biological Diver- sity. The mandates of the Ministry inter-alian include survey of flora, fauna, forests and wildlife, and conservation of natural resources. The Biodiversity Bill is an important mechanism for regulat- ing access to biological resources and in establishing benefit-sharing arrangements. The legislation primarily addresses the issue concerning access to genetic resources and associated knowledge by individuals, institutions or companies, and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of these resources and knowledge to the country and the people. The legislation provides for setting up of a three-tiered structure at national, state and local level. A major advancement for the cause of biodiversity conservation in the country and in compliance with requirement of the Convention on Biological Diversity is the drafting of the country’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) with funding support from GEF, the Global Environmental Facility. The strategy and action plan are very broad in scope and comprehensive in coverage and propose to prepare detailed action plans at sub-state, state, re- gional and national levels based on the framework Policy and Action Strategy on Biodiversity. NBSAP is India’s biggest planning and development process aiming at conservation and sustain- able use of biological diversity. India has enacted an umbrella legislation called the Biodiversity Act, 2002 (No 18 of 2003) and also notified the Biological Diversity Rules, 2004. The Act and Rules, no doubt, will be helpful to the implementers and to those seeking access to bio-resources. We are deeply indebted to all the contributors of this conference for ready response within a short notice. The financial assistance from National Biodiversity Authority, Government of India, Chennai is gratefully acknowledged. The support of the Patron of the conference Prof. P. Maruthamuthu, Vice-Chancellor, Madurai Kamaraj University and other organizing committee members is gratefully acknowledged. The help rendered by the Faculty of the School of Energy Sciences and the Research Scholars of the Centre for Biodiversity and Forest Studies is also gratefully acknowledged. Prof. Dr. S. Kannaiyan Dr. K. Muthuchelian D.Sc., Chairman Director National Biodiversity Authority Centre for Biodiversity and Forest Studies 475, 9th South Cross Street School of Energy, Environment and Natural Reources Kapaleeswarar Nagar Madurai Kamaraj University, Neelankarai Madurai - 625 021 Chennai - 600 041 E-mail : [email protected] ii CONTENTS Page No. BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ACT - 2002 - Prof. S.Kannaiyan 1 TECHNICAL SESSION - I FLORISTIC ANALYSIS AND BIODIVERSITY TI–01 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EASTERN GHATS - T. Pullaiah 7 TI–02 STATUS OF PLANT DIVERSITY IN LABRANG VALLEY OF COLD DESERT IN DISTRICT KINNAUR, HIMACHAL PRADESH R. K. Verma, Vaneet Jishtu and K. S. Kapoor 8 TI–03 ALTITUDINAL FLUXES OF SIMILIPAL BIODIVERSITY R. K. Mishra, V. P. Upadhyay and R. C. Mohanty10 TI04 DIVERSITY OF CLIMBERS AND LIANAS OF NORTH ANDAMAN Asutosh Ghosh and P.K. Mukherjee10 TI05 ANGIOSPERM DIVERSITY IN RIPARIAN ZONES OF SOME BASIN WETLANDS IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH D. Balasubramanian, A.Arunachalam and K. Arunachalam 12 TI06 FLORISTIC STUDIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MEDICINAL PLANT DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF SIRUMALAI HILLS OF EASTERN GHATS, SOUTH INDIA -S. Karuppusamy 1 3 TI07 ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON HERBACEOUS VEGETATION IN TWO DRY DECIDUOUS FORESTS IN DINDIGUL DISTRICT OF TAMILNADU B. Kamalakannan, M. Meenakshi Sundaram and S. Chandrasekaran 13 TI08 PLANT DIVERSITY AND ECOLOGY OF RIVER VARAHI BASIN AND ITS ENVIRONS- HOSANGADI, UDUPI, KARNATAKA K. Kotresha, T.C. Taranath and M. David 14 TI09 BIODIVERSITY CHARACTERIZATION AT LANDSCAPE LEVEL P.S. Roy, M.S.R. Murthy, S.P.S. Kushwaha, C.S. Jha, S. Sudhakar, Sarnam Singh, M.C. Porwal, C.B.S. Dutt, Sameer Saran, C. Jeganathan, G. Rajasekhar, Biswadeep Gharai, Udaya Lakshmi, Girish. S. Pujar, Ch. Sudhakar Reddy, P.K. Joshi, Arijit Roy and, Shivam Trivedi 15 TI10 FOREST BIODIVERSITY RESOURCES OF KERALA - J.K. Sharma 16 TI11 STUDIES ON THE ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS OF SOME LIANAS AND CLIMBERS OF INDIAN FORESTS - Soumi Bhattacharyya and P.K. Mukherjee 17 TI12 GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG ONE-PARENT FAMILIES OF NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS)- S. Ganesh Ram and C. Surendran 18 TI13 LACCASE ENZYME POLYMORPHISM AND GENETIC RELATIONSHIP IN GERMPLASM OF JATROPHA CURCAS L R.V. Kumar, Yogendra K. Tripathi, V. P. Yadav, S.P. Ahlawat and V.K. Gupta 19 TI14 PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT OF WITHANIA WITHIN SOLANACEAE- SUPPORT FROM MOLECULAR DATA Masood Majaz Ganaie, Pervaiz Hassan Qazi, Syed Mudasir Ahmad, Vijeshwar Verma, Zafar Reshi and Ghulam Nabi Qazi 20 iii CONTENTS Page No. TI15 DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF MORINDA SPP. IN INDIA G. Surendiran, E. Sagadevan and N. Mathivanan 21 TI16 FLORISTIC ANALYSIS AND DISTRIBUTION OF RATTAN IN MANIPUR AS A SUSTAINABLE BIORESOURCE - S. Padmabati Devi and P.K.Singh 21 TI17 SYSTEMATICS AND DISTRIBUTION OF EPIPHYTIC PTERODOPHYTES IN MANIPUR VALLEY - Y. Sanatombi Devi and P.K. Singh 22 TI18 SEASONALITY OF FLESHY FRUITING TREES IN THE SHOLA FOREST OF PALNI HILLS - S. Somasundaram and Lalitha Vijayan 23 TI19 BIOSYSTEMATICS STUDIES ON URGINEA INDICA KUNTH. LILIACEAE M.N. Shiva Kameshwari 23 TI20 EFFECT OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA ON NATIVE FOREST IN TAMILNADU A CASE STUDY- P. Ratha Krishnan and J. Sundersingh Rajapandian 25 TI-21 STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE OF CHARMADY RESERVE FOREST, DAKSHINA KANNADA DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA, INDIA. K. R. Chandrashekar and B. K. Vasanthraj 26 TI-22 A FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE SHOLA FORESTS OF KUDREMUKH IN KARNATAKA - G. Krishnakumar 26 TECHNICAL SESSION - II BIODIVERSITY THREATS, ENDEMISM AND RET SPECIES TII01 REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF FOREST PLANTS OF INDIA: RESEARCH INSIGHTS AND MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS PERTAINING TO THEIR EXPLOITATION AND CONSERVATION - K.V. Krishnamurthy 30 TII02 STAND DYNAMICS AFTER SELECTIVE LOGGING IN A WET TROPICAL FOREST OF THE WESTERN GHATS, KERALA, INDIA - U.M. Chandrashekara 30 TII03 MORPHO PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOLOGY OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES OF WEEDS: A MAJOR THREAT TO BIODIVERSITY Pratibha Katiyar and M I Khan 30 TII04 IMPACT OF OIL FIELDS IN THE BIO DIVERSITY OF SOLA AND ABHOYPUR RESERVE FORESTS, ASSAM - Susanta Tanti, Manjit Gogoi & M. Islam 31 II05 THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY IN FOREST ECO SYSTEM SIXTH SENSE G. Rajaraman, S. Vivekanandan, G. Ragothuman, P. Radhakrishnan, 31 K. Vanangamudi. dhiparasakthi TII06 IMPACT OF TSUNAMI IN THE COASTAL FORESTS OF BARATANG ISLAND, M. ANDAMAN - A. Venkatesh, C.B. Pandey, S. Senthil Kumar and N.Ravisankar 32 TII07 IMPACT OF ROAD METAL MINING ON PLANT DIVERSITY OF RAJMAHAL HILLS (JHARKHAND) - Arun K. Pandey, Pragya Sourabh and Kumar Aishwarya 33 TII08 RANGELAND FIRE ORIGIN, INFLUENCES AND MANAGEMENT S.Manian, S. Paulsamy and R. Rathinasamy 34 TII09 INTERFERENCE OF SIXTH SENSE ACTIVITIES IN THE CARBON DYNAMICS OF FOREST ECOSYSTEM AND ITS MANAGEMENT OPTIONS A.G.
Recommended publications
  • Chorioactidaceae: a New Family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with Four Genera

    Chorioactidaceae: a New Family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with Four Genera

    mycological research 112 (2008) 513–527 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Chorioactidaceae: a new family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with four genera Donald H. PFISTER*, Caroline SLATER, Karen HANSENy Harvard University Herbaria – Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA article info abstract Article history: Molecular phylogenetic and comparative morphological studies provide evidence for the Received 15 June 2007 recognition of a new family, Chorioactidaceae, in the Pezizales. Four genera are placed in Received in revised form the family: Chorioactis, Desmazierella, Neournula, and Wolfina. Based on parsimony, like- 1 November 2007 lihood, and Bayesian analyses of LSU, SSU, and RPB2 sequence data, Chorioactidaceae repre- Accepted 29 November 2007 sents a sister clade to the Sarcosomataceae, to which some of these taxa were previously Corresponding Editor: referred. Morphologically these genera are similar in pigmentation, excipular construction, H. Thorsten Lumbsch and asci, which mostly have terminal opercula and rounded, sometimes forked, bases without croziers. Ascospores have cyanophilic walls or cyanophilic surface ornamentation Keywords: in the form of ridges or warts. So far as is known the ascospores and the cells of the LSU paraphyses of all species are multinucleate. The six species recognized in these four genera RPB2 all have limited geographical distributions in the northern hemisphere. Sarcoscyphaceae ª 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Sarcosomataceae SSU Introduction indicated a relationship of these taxa to the Sarcosomataceae and discussed the group as the Chorioactis clade. Only six spe- The Pezizales, operculate cup-fungi, have been put on rela- cies are assigned to these genera, most of which are infre- tively stable phylogenetic footing as summarized by Hansen quently collected.
  • Ethnomedicinal Investigation on Primitive Tribal Groups of Eastern Ghats, Koyyuru Mandal, Visakhapatnam District, South India

    Ethnomedicinal Investigation on Primitive Tribal Groups of Eastern Ghats, Koyyuru Mandal, Visakhapatnam District, South India

    Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2020, 10(3):1-12 ISSN : 2249-7412 CODEN (USA): AJPSKY Ethnomedicinal investigation on Primitive Tribal Groups of Eastern Ghats, Koyyuru Mandal, Visakhapatnam District, South India Chandravathi Dibba*, Bodayya Padal Salugu and Prakasa Rao Jonnakuti Department of Botany, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India ABSTRACT The awareness of ethnomedicine is significant from the tribal inhabitants, but the information is limited owing to lack of scientific substantiation. The aim of the present study is to enumerate the ethnomedicinal information from PTGs (Primitive tribal groups) of Koyyuru Mandal, Visakhapatnam District, North Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India. Ethnomedicinal plant information has been collected through several field trips and also by means of personal interviews from local tribal people/doctors. Based on the conference from the local tribal doctors and through discussions with them, a total number of 74 ethnomedicinal plant species with 70 genera of 43 families used to treat a total number of 59 diseases were collected. A small number of plants were used as medicine directly and remaining plants are used in mix together with other plant species. The significant use of each ethnomedicinal plant was obtained in consideration of available information from the local tribal doctors. Most frequently the plant leaves were used for preparing ethnomedicine. It is evident that the collected ethnomedicinal plants have significant medicinal value for one or more diseases. Fewer plants were noticed intended for healing two or more therapeutic values. Key words: Ethnomedicinal plants; Disease; Leukorrhea; Mucuna pruriens; Premature ejaculation; Jaundice Introduction Since many years, the researchers have focused on the significant use of medicinal plant materials to cure different contagious diseases throughout the world.
  • S.NO. REFERNCES ABSTRACTS 1 P. Siva Rama Krishna M. Sankara

    S.NO. REFERNCES ABSTRACTS 1 P. Siva Rama Krishna M. Sankara

    S.NO. REFERNCES ABSTRACTS 1 P. Siva Rama Krishna M. Sankara Rao The eastern ghats, spread over three states of India, namely Orissa, A review on significance and conservation AndhraPradesh and Tamilnadu. The region has rich floristic diversity status of IUCN assessed endemic plants of where more than 3,200 species of angiosperms are reported Eastern Ghats Hyderabad. constituting about 16% of flowering plants of India. A total of 145 plant National Conference on Conservation of species are endemic to this region. Indian Red Data Book a reference Eastern Ghats. manual of threatened plants covered 44 plant species, of which only 7 species were assessed by IUCN. All the 7 species possess medicinal significance. Conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive in nature.An updated conservation status of the endemic species is important for the conservation biologists to take immediate progressive conservative action. The present review aimed to provide the importance and the current conservation status of Cycas beddomei,Glochidion tomentosum, Albizia thompsonii, Pterocarpus santalinus, Eriolaenalushingtonii, Isonandra villosa, Hildegardia populifolia. 2 Parthipan, M. & Rajendran, A. The flora of the Eastern Ghats is not as well known as that of the New Distributional Of Taxa In The Eastern Western Ghats Because of limiting factors like inaccessibility of certain Ghats Of Tamil Nadu. India areas. During the botanical explorations in the Yercaud hills of the National Conference on Conservation of Eastern Ghats of the Tamil Nadu have yielded interesting data showing Eastern Ghats that the flora of Eastern Ghats is equalling as rich and interesting as that of the Western Ghats.
  • Andhra Pradesh Integrated Irrigation and Agriculture Transformation Project (APIIATP) Public Disclosure Authorized Environment and Social Management

    Andhra Pradesh Integrated Irrigation and Agriculture Transformation Project (APIIATP) Public Disclosure Authorized Environment and Social Management

    Public Disclosure Authorized Andhra Pradesh Integrated Irrigation and Agriculture Transformation Project (APIIATP) Public Disclosure Authorized Environment and Social Management Framework – Volume 1 March 2018 Public Disclosure Authorized State Project Director APIIATP Water Resources Department Vijayawada 520003 Public Disclosure Authorized Andhra Pradesh APIIATP: Environment and Social Management Framework Andhra Pradesh Integrated Irrigation and Agriculture Transformation Project (APIIATP) Environment and Social Management Framework – Volume 1 March 2018 Sutra Consulting Pvt. Ltd. ii | P a g e APIIATP: Environment and Social Management Framework ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sutra Consulting is thankful to the Water Resource Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh for providing us the opportunity to undertake this important assignment. I convey my sincere gratitude to Dr. P.S. Raghavaiah, IFS, Special Commissioner, CADA for his guidance and support to the project team. I wish to thank Smt. Y.V. Rajarajeswari, Superintending Engineer for her immense support and cooperation. The Joint Director, Agriculture, Executive Engineer, Dy. Executive Engineer, Asst. Executive Engineers, Asst. Director of Agriculture, Chief Engineer, Minor Irrigation and Dy. Executive Engineer, MI, CADA have provided unfailing support and I thank them for the same. I would also convey my sincere thanks to all the PMU Experts for supporting the project team at various stages of the assignment. I wish to thank the World Bank Mission members comprising of Messrs./Mmes. Ranjan
  • Lepiotoid Agaricaceae (Basidiomycota) from São Camilo State Park, Paraná State, Brazil

    Lepiotoid Agaricaceae (Basidiomycota) from São Camilo State Park, Paraná State, Brazil

    Mycosphere Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/3/6/11 Lepiotoid Agaricaceae (Basidiomycota) from São Camilo State Park, Paraná State, Brazil Ferreira AJ1* and Cortez VG1 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Pioneiro 2153, Jardim Dallas, 85950-000, Palotina, PR, Brazil Ferreira AJ, Cortez VG 2012 – Lepiotoid Agaricaceae (Basidiomycota) from São Camilo State Park, Paraná State, Brazil. Mycosphere 3(6), 962–976, Doi 10.5943 /mycosphere/3/6/11 A macromycete survey at the São Camilo State Park, a seasonal semideciduous forest fragment in Southern Brazil, State of Paraná, was undertaken. Six lepiotoid fungi were identified: Lepiota elaiophylla, Leucoagaricus lilaceus, L. rubrotinctus, Leucocoprinus cretaceus, Macrolepiota colombiana and Rugosospora pseudorubiginosa. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are presented for all species, as well as a brief discussion on their taxonomy and geographical distribution. Macrolepiota colombiana is reported for the first time in Brazil and Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus is a new record from the State of Paraná. Key words – Agaricales – Brazilian mycobiota – new records Article Information Received 30 October 2012 Accepted 14 November 2012 Published online 3 December 2012 *Corresponding author: Ana Júlia Ferreira – e-mail: [email protected] Introduction who visited and/or studied collections from the Agaricaceae Chevall. (Basidiomycota) country in the 19th century. More recently, comprises the impressive number of 1340 researchers have studied agaricoid diversity in species, classified in 85 agaricoid, gasteroid the Northeast (Wartchow et al. 2008), and secotioid genera (Kirk et al. 2008), and Southeast (Capelari & Gimenes 2004, grouped in ten clades (Vellinga 2004). The Albuquerque et al. 2010) and South (Rother & family is of great economic and medical Silveira 2008, 2009a, 2009b).
  • MYCOTAXON Volume 89(2), Pp

    MYCOTAXON Volume 89(2), Pp

    MYCOTAXON Volume 89(2), pp. 277-281 April-June 2004 A note on some morphological features of Chorioactis geaster (Pezizales, Ascomycota) DONALD H. PFISTER dpfi[email protected] Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Shuichi Kur ogi Miyazaki Museum, 2-4-4 Jingu, Miyazaki City 7880-0053, Japan Abstract–A study of Chorioactis geaster (Sarcosomataceae) has shown the presence of several unreported or unconfirmed characters for this unusual and rare operculate discomycete. The ascospores are ornamented, they mature more or less simultaneously in all asci of a single ascoma, and asci have a thin hyphal base. The species is compared with species of the genera Cookeina and Microstoma (Sarcoscyphaceae) that also have this character. SEM shows open asci have a two-layered opercular region confirming TEM reports of differentiated wall layering in this region of the ascus. These features are discussed and the isolated systematic position of Chorioactis suggested by previous studies is confirmed. Key words–Ascus morphology, ascospore maturation, spore ornamentation Introduction Recently we showed that Chorioactis geaster (Peck) Kupfer ex Eckblad populations in Japan and North America represent distinct but closely related lineages. Molecular clock estimates suggest that they have probably been separate for at least 19 million years (Peterson et al. 2004). In the course of that study we examined a number of collections and determined that morphologically we could not distinguish the North American and Japanese collections. Our detailed studies, however, uncovered morphological features of the species that had not been noted previously. These observations are reported here.
  • Behaviour in Cultures and Habitat Requirements of Species Within the Genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales)

    Behaviour in Cultures and Habitat Requirements of Species Within the Genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales)

    ACTA MYCOLOGICA Dedicated to Professor Alina Skirgiełło Vol. 41 (2): 189-208 on the occasion of her ninety-fifth birthday 2006 Behaviour in cultures and habitat requirements of species within the genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales) ANDREAS BRESINSKY and ANGELIKA SCHÖTZ Institute of Botany, Regensburg University D-93040 Regensburg, [email protected] Bresinsky A., Schötz A.: Behaviour in cultures and habitat requirements of species within the genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales). Acta Mycol. 41 (2): 189-208, 2006. The term eco-geogram is introduced for surveying (in logical order) ecological and geographical data connected with fungal species. The database PILZOEK was established for that purpose. Eco-geograms are provided in this paper as an example for data retrieval from PILZOEK concerning the agarics Loreleia marchantiae, L. postii, Rickenella swartzii and R. fibula. The potential degree of endangerment is discussed in regard to habitat requirements. European species of Loreleia are not regarded to be endangered in Central Europe, although the risk to get threatened, because of low frequency of fruit body occurrence and quite a narrow substrate specialization, could be higher than in case of Rickenella fibula and R. swartzii. Cultures of Rickenella fibula, R. swartzii, Loreleia marchantiae (= Gerronema daamsii) and L. postii were investigated in regard to pigment accumulation, chlamydospore formation and some other characters. Key words: eco-geogram, Rickenella, Loreleia, habitats, substrates, cultures, endangerment INTRODUCTION The genera Loreleia and Rickenella emerged taxonomically from the genus Ger- ronema in its broader sense, as it was originally interpreted by Singer 1986. Various contributions to the generic concept brought evidence to the assumption that Ger- ronema in the sense of Singer (1986) represents an artificial assemblage of species.
  • Cleistanthus Nokrensis (Euphorbiaceae), a New Species from Indian Himalaya

    Cleistanthus Nokrensis (Euphorbiaceae), a New Species from Indian Himalaya

    Taiwania, 59(3): 197‒205, 2014 DOI: 10.6165/tai.2014.59.197 RESEARCH ARTICLE Cleistanthus nokrensis (Euphorbiaceae), a New Species from Indian Himalaya Bikarma Singh(1,2*), S.K. Borthakur(3) and S. J. Phukan(4) 1. Plant Biotechnology Division (Herbarium & Plant Systematic Section), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi-180001, India. 2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India. 3. Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India. 4. Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Circle, Shillong 793001, India. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] (Manuscript received 27 December 2013; accepted 04 April 2014) ABSTRACT: A new species, Cleistanthus nokrensis (Euphorbiaceae), was collected and described from Indian Himalaya. This species is confined to the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve where it grows on the calcareous habitat in karst topography. On the basis of the critical features of its habitat, branches, petioles, leaves, and fruits, the species is compared with the closely related allied species, C. tonkinensis Jabl. and C. balakrishnanii Chakrab. Notes on its taxonomic description, photographs, ecology, associated species, population data, and threat perspective as per latest IUCN conservation status are provided. A key to the other taxa in the genus reported from India is provided for the first time, along with their distributional records and endemism. KEY WORDS: Cleistanthus nokrensis, Euphorbiaceae, Indian Himalaya, IUCN Red List, new species. INTRODUCTION to Chakrabarty et al. (2002) and Mabberley (2008) has its centre of diversity in the Old World tropics and Myers et al. (2000) estimated that 133,149 plant represented by 148 species.
  • MYCOTAXON Volume 100, Pp

    MYCOTAXON Volume 100, Pp

    MYCOTAXON Volume 100, pp. 279–287 April–June 2007 Type studies on Chamaeota species described from China Zhu L. Yang [email protected], [email protected] Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China Abstract—A critical restudy of the holotype of Chamaeota dextrinoidespora, and the holotype and paratypes of Chamaeota sinica showed that they belong to Leucoagaricus/ Leucocoprinus clade in the Agaricaceae and should be placed in the genus Leucoagaricus. Thus, two new combinations, Leucoagaricus dextrinoidesporus, and L. sinicus, are made. Both species are redescribed and illustrated in detail. Key words—Pluteaceae, Basidiomycota, taxonomy Introduction The genus Chamaeota (W.G. Sm.) Earle, typified by C. xanthogramma (Ces.) Earle, is classified in the family Pluteaceae Kotl. & Pouzar because of pink and non-dextrinoid basidiospores without a germ pore, free lamellae, a convergent lamellar trama and presence of annulus (Singer 1986). Recent study showed that C. mammillata (Longyear) Murrill is an annulate Pluteus Fr., and Chamaeota may be rendered obsolete (Minnis et al. 2006). During a study of collections of Agaricaceae from China, the author found that it is necessary to restudy the types of C. dextrinoidespora and C. sinica, and the additional materials cited by the authors (Bi & Li 1988, Ying 1995) because these two species might be lepiotaceous fungi. Reexamination of the collections revealed, surprisingly, that (with one exception) they are representatives of Leucoagaricus/Leucocoprinus clade in the Agaricaceae, and should best be placed in the genus Leucoagaricus in accordance with the recent taxonomy of this group of fungi.
  • 4Th Convention: SFE – INDIA, 2017

    4Th Convention: SFE – INDIA, 2017

    PROGRAMME 4th Convention: SFE – INDIA, 2017 National Symposium “Ashwagandha” & Ethnopharmacology Conclave on Uses of Medicinal Plants by Traditional Healers of India – Local Heath Tradition September 09-10, 2017 Organized by: School of Natural Product Studies Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India web: www.jaduniv.edu.in In Association with: Society for Ethnopharmacology (SFE - INDIA) 23/3 Saktigarh, Kolkata www.ethnopharmacology.in Venue: Jadavpur University, Kolkata 4th National Convention of Society for Ethnopharmacology, India (SFE - INDIA) is being organized by the School of Natural Product Studies (SNPS), Jadavpur University during September 09-10, 2017. The theme of the convention is focused on “Ashwagandha” and Uses of Medicinal Plants by the Traditional healers of India – Local Heath Tradition”. On behalf of the School of Natural Product Studies and the organizing committee, I would like to convey my warm welcome to you all for the 4th convention of SFE -INDIA. With the history of one of the oldest civilization harbors many traditional alternative and complementary medicines for the health care, India has a rich heritage on use of Traditional medicine in healthcare. Botanicals serve as the source of therapeutically active molecules for many years. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), one of the most popular Indian medicinal plants and also considered to be nature's gift to mankind, has been an important herb in the Ayurvedic and indigenous medical system for over 3000 years. In Ayurveda, Ashwagandha is considered as a “rasayana” herb, which works on a nonspecific basis to increase health and longevity. Ashwagandha has been used to treat variety of diseases and human ailments. This is also a crucial herb that contributes a huge market potential throughout the globe.
  • Entomophagy for Nutritional Security in India: Potential and Promotion

    Entomophagy for Nutritional Security in India: Potential and Promotion

    REVIEW ARTICLES Entomophagy for nutritional security in India: potential and promotion Ruparao T. Gahukar* Plot 220, Reshimbag, Nagpur 440 009, India economically stable people though the cost is often exor- Entomophagy is practised on a large scale by the tri- bal communities in North East India compared to bitant and it affects natural balance. For example, rearing eastern and southern states. Termites, honey bees, animals for meat and growing crops for food grains are grasshoppers, stink bugs, aquatic insects and silk- responsible for ecological degradation as described by 4 5 worms are common and preferred insect species be- Gahukar and van Huis and Oonincx . Under such cause they contain high amount of protein, fat, circumstances, proteinaceous food through alternative minerals and vitamins. Silkworms are successfully sources of food is being searched. In this perspective, mass-reared on host plants or laboratory diets for edible insects such as mini livestock appear promising commercial production. Generally, insects meant for and a potential option because they are a rich source of food recipes are processed before consumption to protein, essential minerals and vitamins6,7. Therefore, in- improve taste, flavour, palatability and nutritional sects form a major ingredient of daily diet and are con- value which make them comparable with animal sumed as emergency food whenever foodgrains are not products. Thus, entomophagy supports nutritional se- curity and family livelihood of tribal communities available or during difficult times of the year (waiting for during difficult periods of the year. crop harvest, impossibility of loan, purchasing of farm This review discusses risks for human health due to inputs, failure of crops due to insufficient or unseasonal consumption of insects and emphasizes conservation heavy rains, high cost of available food grains, difficult of at least major insect species collected from nature.
  • Behaviour in Cultures and Habitat Requirements of Species Within the Genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales)

    Behaviour in Cultures and Habitat Requirements of Species Within the Genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales)

    ACTA MYCOLOGICA Dedicated to Professor Alina Skirgiełło Vol. 41 (2): 189-208 on the occasion of her ninety fifth birthday 2006 Behaviour in cultures and habitat requirements of species within the genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales) ANDREAS BRESINSKY and ANGELIKA SCHÖTZ Institute of Botany, Regensburg University D 93040 Regensburg, abresinsky@t online.de Bresinsky A., Schötz A.: Behaviour in cultures and habitat requirements of species within the genera Loreleia and Rickenella (Agaricales). Acta Mycol. 41 (2): 189 208, 2006. The term eco geogram is introduced for surveying (in logical order) ecological and geographical data connected with fungal species. The database PILZOEK was established for that purpose. Eco geograms are provided in this paper as an example for data retrieval from PILZOEK concerning the agarics Loreleia marchantiae, L. postii, Rickenella swartzii and R. fibula. The potential degree of endangerment is discussed in regard to habitat requirements. European species of Loreleia are not regarded to be endangered in Central Europe, although the risk to get threatened, because of low frequency of fruit body occurrence and quite a narrow substrate specialization, could be higher than in case of Rickenella fibula and R. swartzii. Cultures of Rickenella fibula, R. swartzii, Loreleia marchantiae (= Gerronema daamsii) and L. postii were investigated in regard to pigment accumulation, chlamydospore formation and some other characters. Key words: eco geogram, Rickenella, Loreleia, habitats, substrates, cultures, endangerment INTRODUCTION The genera Loreleia and Rickenella emerged taxonomically from the genus Ger- ronema in its broader sense, as it was originally interpreted by Singer 1986. Various contributions to the generic concept brought evidence to the assumption that Ger- ronema in the sense of Singer (1986) represents an artificial assemblage of species.