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Safety and security issues reported by the in- habitants of Turku embedded to the munici- pality’s safety and security planning Voutilainen, Jani 2016 Laurea Laurea University of Applied Sciences Safety and security issues reported by the inhabitants of Turku em- bedded to the municipality’s safety and security planning Jani Voutilainen Degree Programme in security management Bachelor’s Thesis 11, 2016 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Abstract Degree Programme in Security Management Bachelor’s Thesis Voutilainen, Jani Safety and security issues reported by the inhabitants of Turku embedded to the munici- pality’s safety and security planning Year 2016 Pages 148 The purpose for this thesis is to locate district differences in the municipality of Turku re- garding safety and security. The research problem was to locate these districts with their main problems. The idea was to find out the problems that inhabitants reported and embed the results as a part of the municipality’s safety and security plan. The research data was collected via Webropol internet survey and paper sheets which were available in two locations. The question battery was based on the crime prevention council’s question battery. There were a total of 771 answers where 695 were able to be analysed. 60% were female and the rest 40% were male, age groups were divided quite even. The amount of answers received from the districts had a lot of variation. The survey results were analyzed with factor- and correspondence analysis exploiting the IBM SPSS (version 23) statistic application. The open answers were analyzed by document analysis method. These methods were seen suitable for this case. When the results were analyzed they were embedded as a part of Turku’s municipal security planning. The thesis addresses a security planning as a process using Laitinen’s and crime pre- vention council’s models and the survey results have been used as much as possible. The final form of the Turku’s safety and security plan will be published later, but there is a final draft of the plan in the appendices. Safety and security works as a competitive advantage for the municipalities therefore this thesis should be seen as example of municipal safety and security planning and should be benchmarked in other municipalities as well. Keywords: safety and security, security as a feeling, municipality’s security planning Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu Tiivistelmä Turvallisuusalan koulutusohjelma Tradenomi opinnäytetyö Voutilainen, Jani Asukkaiden ilmoittamat turvallisuusongelmat liitettynä kunnalliseen turvallisuussuunnitte- luun Year 2016 Pages 148 Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoitus oli kartoittaa asuinaluiden eroja Turun kunnassa turvallisuus kysymyksissä. Turvallisuusongelmana oli löytää asuinaluiden tärkeimmät ongelmat. Ajatuk- sena oli löytää ongelmia jotka asukkaat raportoivat ja liittää ne osaksi kunnan turvallisuus- suunnitelmaa. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin Webropol internet kyselyllä ja paperisilla kyselyillä joita oli täytet- tävänä kahdessa paikassa. Kyselypohja perustui rikostorjuntaneuvoston kyselypohjaan.. Vas- tauksia saatiin yhteensä 771 joista 695 voitiin analysoida. 60% olivat naisia ja loput 40% olivat miehiä, ikäryhmät jakautuivat suhteellisen tasaisesti. Asuinalueittain vastausmäärissä oli suurta vaihtelua. Kyselyn tuloksen analysoitiin faktori- ja korrespondessianalyysillä hyödyntäen IBM SPSS (versio 23) tilasto-ohjelmaa. Avoimet kysymykset analysoitiin dokumentti analyysi metodilla. Nämä metodit todettiin sopiviksi tähän tapaukseen. Kun tulokset oli analysoiti niin ne liitettiin osaksi Turun kunnalliseen turvallisuussuunnitte- luun. Opinnäytetyö käsittele turvallisuussuunnittelua prosessina hyödyntäen Laitisen ja rikos- torjuntaneuvoston malleja sekä kyselyn tuloksia hyödynnettiin niin paljon kuin mahdollista. Turun kaupungin turvallisuussuunnitelman viimeinen verso julkaistaan myöhemmin, mutta vii- meisin versio suunnitelmasta löytyy liitteistä. Turvallisuus toimii kilpailutekijänä kunnille, siitä syystä tämä opinnäytetyö tulisi nädä esi- merkkinä kunnallisesta turvallisuussuunnittelusta ja se tulisi toimia vertailukohteena myös muille kunnille. Keywords: turvallisuus, turvallisuuden tunne, kunnallinen turvallisuussuunnittelu Table of Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 7 2 Background .......................................................................................... 7 2.1 City of Turku ................................................................................ 8 2.1.1 Risk management in Turku ....................................................... 8 2.1.2 City’s strategic plans concerning security ..................................... 8 2.2 Report on internal security ............................................................. 10 2.3 Safety and security ...................................................................... 10 2.4 Crime prevention ......................................................................... 12 2.5 Study of statistics ........................................................................ 13 2.6 Theory of survey .......................................................................... 14 2.7 Previous studies .......................................................................... 14 3 Arguing the importance ......................................................................... 15 4 Methods ............................................................................................ 15 4.1 Survey ...................................................................................... 16 4.1.1 Cover letter and marketing ..................................................... 16 4.1.2 Validity ............................................................................. 18 4.1.3 Reliability .......................................................................... 20 4.2 Survey sample ............................................................................ 20 4.3 Factor analysis ............................................................................ 23 4.4 Correspondence analysis ................................................................ 25 4.5 Document analysis ....................................................................... 25 5 Survey results ..................................................................................... 25 5.1 Worrying ................................................................................... 26 5.2 District safety ............................................................................. 29 5.3 Performance level of an inhabitant ................................................... 31 5.4 Cohesion ................................................................................... 33 5.5 City centre felt safety ................................................................... 35 5.6 Fear of sexual victimizing .............................................................. 37 6 Analyzing the open answers .................................................................... 39 6.1 Why places are felt insecure, question 33 ........................................... 40 6.2 Solutions for reported problems, question 34 ...................................... 41 6.3 Most important problems, other what, question 35 ............................... 42 6.4 Cause of the accident, question 37 ................................................... 43 7 Inspection on the survey results ............................................................... 44 8 Development recommendations for the research .......................................... 47 9 Security planning in municipalities case Turku ............................................. 48 9.1 Creating a group .......................................................................... 49 9.2 Investigating the current state ........................................................ 50 9.3 Prioritizing ................................................................................. 51 9.4 Event analysis ............................................................................. 52 9.5 Modeling ................................................................................... 53 9.6 Implementation........................................................................... 54 9.7 Metrics and measurement .............................................................. 55 10 Self-evaluation and recommendations ....................................................... 56 References ................................................................................................ 57 Figures ..................................................................................................... 60 Tables ...................................................................................................... 61 Appendices ................................................................................................ 62 7 1 Introduction Safety and security is a subjective feeling. A person can feel insecure even there is no pres- ence of threat. Therefore developing safety and security can be problematic. Even when the concrete actions are done to increase security an individual can still feel insecure. The re- search question was “does the feeling of insecurity vary between districts in the eyes of in- habitants.” The thesis is done for the city of Turku. The thesis contains of two parts, research and devel- opment. Research task is to find out the inhabitant’s feelings on safety

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